Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F7/00—Magnets
  • H01F7/02—Permanent magnets [PM]
  • H01F7/0205—Magnetic circuits with PM in general
  • H01F7/021—Construction of PM
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
  • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
  • E05D1/00—Pinless hinges; Substitutes for hinges
  • E05D1/06—Pinless hinges; Substitutes for hinges consisting of two easily-separable parts
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
  • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
  • E05D1/00—Pinless hinges; Substitutes for hinges
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
  • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
  • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
  • E05Y2201/40—Motors; Magnets; Springs; Weights; Accessories therefor
  • E05Y2201/46—Magnets
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
  • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
  • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
  • E05Y2900/20—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for furniture, e.g. cabinets

Definitions

• the invention relates to a magnetic joint consisting of at least two mutually attractive elements, wherein each of these is assigned to one of at least two elements - objects - connected by magnetic force.
• it relates to connection of objects by magnetic force in a rolling or sliding magnetic joint, where the magnetic force holds the rolling or sliding faces together so as to allow movement of the connected objects with respect to each other in the scope delimited by the effective rolling or sliding faces in the connection area without spontaneous separation of the connected objects.
• Magnetic rolling connections in current state of the art are designed in such a way that the connected elements are equipped with cylindrical permanent magnets, which are joined with the connected elements by this magnetic joint and roll on each other directly along their perimeter surfaces.
• An example of such know magnetic rolling connection is a magnetic suspension described e.g. in the document US 3707017 A.
• Said individual pairs of permanent magnets mentioned above protrudes from the connected elements in certain intervals in the direction of the suspension's axis as it is not efficient, for technical and namely economic reasons, to manufacture permanent magnets covering the overall length or height of the connected elements.
• a suspension of such design is therefore unsightly, can easily cause injuries during manipulation and requires, upon assembly (when the pair of permanent magnets need to be matched with due accuracy), special attention, which is namely inconvenient in case of suspensions which frequently disconnected when used.
• a sanitary set consisting of a seat and cover situated on the toilet bowl, where both seat and cover are attached to the upper side of the toilet bowl by rotary joints, wherein the rotary joints consist of magnets arranged on a horizontal bar in the rear part of the upper side of the toilet bowl.
• This solution utilizes enhanced retaining force of the magnet, which is achieved by at least one of the magnets consisting of partial permanent magnets with alternating N/S polarity, i.e. these partial magnets oriented towards one another by their opposite poles.
• the joints moving individual parts of the sanitary set consist of general rolling surface or rolling face segments.
• the purpose of the present invention is to introduce a magnetic joint, which will not exhibit the drawbacks known from the prior of art as it namely allows easy and safe reproducible assembly of magnets of the connected elements.
• Magnetic joint according to the present invention resolves the said task, and addresses the drawbacks of know solutions, and presents further innovations to the field of invention in question.
• the principle of the invention consists in the magnetic joint consisting of at least two parts, each of which is constituted of an assembly of magnetically active elements and pole concentrators made of a magnetically reactive material or, possibly, magnetically passive elements. At least one part of the magnetic joint contains at least one magnetically active element. Each of the parts of the magnetic joint is part of a connected element. At least two connected elements are rolling or sliding along each other without being separated and are mutually held by magnetic force.
• the design of the magnetic joint as a rolling or sliding connection depends not only on the topology of segments of the relevant surfaces of the connected elements (as described below) but also on the type of material of the connected elements; this means that the rolling and sliding character of movement of the connected elements in the magnetic joint also depends on the level of friction between the connected elements.
• the term "connected element” refers not only to a part of the magnetic joint itself but also the entire connected object (part), which contains one part of the magnetic joint.
• Substantial increase in the magnetic force of the magnetic joint can be achieved by using magnetically active elements in at least one of the parts of the magnetic joint, alternating their N/S magnetization (magnetic polarity) in the axial direction, i.e. are oriented towards each other by their opposite poles. Between these partial magnetic elements, there are arranged pole concentrators made of a magnetically reactive material in the form of ferromagnetic inserts, over which the magnetically active elements attract one another.
• parts of magnetic joint consisting only of single magnets or magnetically active elements, are less convenient in terms of the magnetic force than assemblies containing various combinations of multiple magnetically active elements and pole concentrators made of a magnetically reactive material in each part of the connection.
• a more convenient design of the magnetic joint is an assembly consisting of magnetically active elements, which repel each other through pole concentrators made of a magnetically reactive material; this means that they are oriented towards one another by their common mode poles in the relevant part of the magnetic joint in the axial direction.
• the magnetically reactive material any ferromagnetic material can be used with relative permeability ⁇ ⁇ many times higher than 1. Theoretically, such assembly ensures the longest displacement of the magnetic field over the pole concentrators, where it results in the required force effects.
• Convenient thickness of the pole concentrators made of a magnetically reactive material ranges from 3 to 8 mm with the distance between both parts of the magnetic joint ranging from 3 to 4 mm.
• the favourable thickness of the pole concentrators made of a magnetically reactive material appears to be over 6 mm as this thickness of pole concentrators brings a considerable technological advantage for the embodiment of the assembly because the attractive force in the direction towards pole concentrators made of a magnetically reactive material exceeds the repelling force of the magnetically active elements /magnets/, and it is thus not necessary to provide external force to prevent the magnetic assembly from disconnecting.
• this type of assembly appears to be the most convenient one for use in a magnetic joint.
• the thickness and size of the pole concentrators together with their shape, which in cross section have a shape of a cylinder, ellipse or general surface, have a significant influence on the function of the magnetic joint as well as on the sliding process.
• the function of the magnetic joint can be considerably enhanced and influenced by eccentric layout of the magnetically active fragment, pole concentrators or magnetically reactive element with respect to the respective longitudinal centreline of the relevant part situated in the connected element.
• magnetic joint is the case where at least two elements are connected, wherein at least of them is formed by, or is placed within, a magnetically reactive element acting as an envelope of the internal space delimited by its shape of a thin-walled cylindrical or general surface.
• This delimited internal space hosts a magnetically active element or an assembly of magnetically active elements and pole concentrators made of magnetically reactive materials.
• This magnetically reactive element acting as an envelope of the internal space has two surfaces: the outer surface of the magnetically reactive element, which is followed by the envelope of the connected element, and the second (internal) surface of the magnetically reactive element.
• the internal surface of the magnetically reactive element which either forms one of the connected elements or is situated within it, is adjoined by a magnetically active element or assembly of magnetically active elements and pole concentrators made of magnetically reactive materials.
• a magnetically active element or assembly of magnetically active elements and pole concentrators made of magnetically reactive materials Upon movement of connected elements along their rolling/sliding faces occurs the rolling movement of the magnetically active element or assembly of magnetically active elements and pole concentrators made of magnetically reactive materials along the internal surface of the magnetically reactive element in the internal space delimited by the magnetically reactive element.
• This rolling movement of the magnetically active elements or assembly of magnetically active elements and pole concentrators made of magnetically reactive materials up to the point of maximum effect of the magnetic field influencing the magnetically active elements or assemblies of magnetically active elements and pole concentrators made of magnetically reactive materials of the connected elements causes the magnetic force to retain these elements connected during the rolling/sliding movement.
• This envelope consists of a magnetically reactive element.
• the magnetically passive element together with the magnetically reactive element form, delimit and fix the internal space of the assemblies with magnetically active elements or with assemblies of magnetically active elements and pole concentrators made of magnetically reactive materials in the connected element.
• This delimited internal space can be partially filled. This partial fill delimits a segment of cylindrical or general internal surface of the magnetically reactive element.
• the magnetic joint allows, easy and controlled assembly-free joining and disconnection of objects by simply approaching or drawing away the elements - objects - with respect to each other; it also allows their relative movement in the scope of rolling/sliding surfaces without spontaneous separation of the connected elements - objects.
• the elements in the area of connection can be constituted by cylindrical surfaces but also - one of them or both - by general surfaces.
• the effective surface can be formed of entire general or cylindrical surfaces of elements or by segments of such surfaces only.
• the radial component of the magnetic field generated by at least one magnetically active element is used.
• the force exerted by the magnetic field, or the radial component of such field can be increased and optimized by using of more magnetically active elements and pole concentrators in at least one of the connected elements. Efficiency of the magnetic force and its effect during rolling/sliding movement of elements connected in this way can also be optimized by the composition and form of the elements and pole concentrators in the parts of the magnetic joint.
• At least one of the connected elements contains a part of magnetic joint consisting of a magnetically active element: a permanent magnet or solenoid.
• a magnetically active element a permanent magnet or solenoid.
• RE magnet rare-earth magnet or super-strong magnet
• noble earths samarium or neodymium
• Some of the other connected elements can contain a part of the magnetic joint, where an element made of a magnetically reactive material (e.g. ferromagnetic steel) is used instead of the magnetically active element.
• Some of the connected elements can be made of a magnetically passive (e.g. diamagnetic) material in such a manner that its outer envelope is made of a magnetically active or reactive material (e.g. sprayed nano-layers), and imitating the effective area of the rolling or sliding surface of this element.
• Parts of the magnetic joint i.e. assemblies consisting of magnetically active elements and pole concentrators made of magnetically reactive materials or of a magnetically reactive element, can be directly in-built in the connected elements. Thus they are enclosed in an envelope, which can be formed either by the mass of the connected element or by a sprayed/coating layer, ring, circular pipe etc., wherein this envelope is made of a magnetically passive (e.g. diamagnetic) material: plastics, synthetics, wood, non-ferrous metal etc.
• the envelope with variable necessary thickness, follows the external part of the effective rolling sliding surface as well as the topology of the parts of magnetic joint, i.e.
• the connected elements are held by the retaining magnetic force both in the radial direction, which is perpendicular to the contact plane at given moment of rolling/sliding movement, and in the axial direction, which is parallel to the mentioned plane of contact.
• the resulting magnetic field in its maximum point retains the connected elements in this maximum position during the entire rolling/sliding movement, preventing the elements from relative movement in the axial direction.
• the magnetic force between the connection elements also actuates in the tangential direction, being variable, i.e. having points of maximum/minimum effect. This is another way to control the function of the connection.
• the connected element with integrated part of the magnetic joint can be made of any material.
• the elements are connected to each other in such a manner that their surfaces become part of the magnetic joint.
• the number of magnetic joints integrated in the element - object - is arbitrary, only depending on the size and weight of the object.
• the number of connected elements - objects in the final configuration (assembly) is not limited.
• Another benefit consists in variability of connected objects or their parts with respect to each other.
• the connected objects can be combined, added or removed as needed, resulting in a multi-functional modular product in terms of application, function and design of the products itself as well as of the space where it is installed.
• objects with magnetic joint in combination with objects made of magnetically reactive material, e.g. a strut or wall made of ferromagnetic steel.
• the magnetic joint as per this invention is, in terms of application, a suspension-less joint not requiring assembly, which offers considerable spatial and functional variability of the connected objects and parts of objects of any shape, size or weight, made of any materials. Its use is convenient in cases where immediate permanent, stable and movable connection between individual objects or their parts is required with the possibility of frequent quick and easy manipulation with them: connecting/disconnecting by simply approaching or drawing away the connected objects.
• the objects can are easily dismantled and assembled, space-saving during transport and storage, energy-saving, environmentally friendly and not harmful to working environment.
• Fig. 1 shows a view of the longitudinal section through the first embodiment of the magnetic joint in the basic assembly, with a schematic illustration of the magnetization vectors.
• Fig. 1a shows a perspective view of an assembly of one magnetically active element and two pole concentrators made of magnetically reactive material with a schematic illustration of the magnetization vectors.
• Fig. 2 shows a view of the longitudinal section through the first embodiment of the magnetic joint.
• Fig. 3 shows a view of the longitudinal section through the joint of the second embodiment of the magnetic joint.
• Fig. 4 shows a view of the longitudinal section through the joint of third embodiment of the magnetic joint.
• Fig. 5 shows a view of the longitudinal section through joint of the fourth embodiment of the magnetic joint.
• Fig. 6 shows a view of the cross section through the first or third embodiment of the magnetic joint; wherein in this view, the perimeters of element assemblies in the parts of the magnetic joint copy the shape of the parts of connected elements, and are formed by the general surface.
• Fig. 7 shows a view of the cross section through the second or fourth embodiments of the magnetic joint; wherein in this view, the perimeter of element assembly in one part of the magnetic joint is followed by the external envelope the connected element and is formed by a cylindrical surface.
• the external surface of the magnetically reactive element forms the external envelope in the relevant part of the connected element, wherein the perimeter of the magnetically reactive element is formed by a general surface.
• Fig. 8 shows a view of the cross section through the first or third embodiments of the magnetic joint; wherein in this view, the perimeters of element assemblies in the parts of the magnetic joint is followed by the outer envelope of the connected elements and is formed by a cylindrical surface in one element and a general surface in the second element; the shape of this surface only allows sliding movement between the connected elements.
• Fig. 9 shows a view of the cross section through the second or fourth embodiments of the magnetic joint; wherein in this view, the perimeters of element assemblies in the parts of the magnetic joint is followed by the outer envelope of the connected elements and is formed by a cylindrical surface in one element and a general surface in the other element; the shape of this surface only allows sliding movement between the connected elements.
• Fig. 10 shows a view of the cross section through the fifth and first or third embodiments of the magnetic joint; wherein in this view, the magnetically active elements are situated eccentrically with respect to the axial centreline of the relevant parts of element assemblies in the parts of the magnetic joint and connected elements.
• Fig. 11 shows a view of the longitudinal section through the sixth and first or third embodiments of the magnetic joint.
• Fig. 12 shows a view of the longitudinal section through the sixth and first embodiments of the magnetic joint.
• Fig. 13 shows a view of the cross section through the seventh and second or fourth embodiments of the magnetic joint.
• Fig. 14 shows a view of the cross section through the eighth embodiment of the magnetic joint.
• Fig. 14a shows a view of the detailed layout of individual parts of one of the connected elements shown in Fig. 14
• Fig. 14 shows a view of the cross section through the variant eighth embodiment of the magnetic joint.
• the basic assembly of the magnetic joint consists of a magnetically active element 1 of cylindrical shape, magnetized as per a cylindrical cross section, adjoined by pole concentrators 4, whereas the magnetization vector M can be oriented either in axial or radial direction.
• the magnetically active element i can consist of a permanent magnet of cylindrical, spherical or other convenient shape (e.g. RE magnet of ring or cylindrical shape magnetized as per the longitudinal cylindrical centreline section, whereas the magnetically active element1 is situated in the parts of the magnetic joint with respect to this magnetization pattern.
• the magnetically active element i, or magnet can also have, from the perspective of its cross section, shape of a general surface.
• the pole concentrator 4, according to this invention, is a specific example of a pole extension and indeed fulfils its role but, furthermore, the pole concentrator 4 also has other functions in the magnetic joint thanks to the variety of its shape modifications: it enhances or suppresses, as needed, in certain relative positions of the connected elements 3 the effect of the magnetic force by modifying the shape of the magnetic field during the process of rolling/sliding between the connected elements 3 in the magnetic joint, i.e. increases or decreases the magnetic force between the connected elements in the magnetic joint during the process of rolling/sliding.
• the shape of the pole concentrator 4 or its deployment in the part of the magnetic joint also allows control of speed or fluency of the rolling/sliding process in the magnetic joint.
• the magnetic joint in the first embodiment consists of at least two connected elements 3.
• Each of the connected elements 3 contains an assembly of elements, which consists of at least one magnetically active element and at least one pole concentrator 4.
• the connected element 3 includes its outer envelope 2, which follows the topology of the element assembly in the connected element 3. If there are multiple magnetically active elements 1 in the assembly, they alternate their N/S magnetic polarity within the assembly in the axial direction and are oriented towards one another through pole concentrators 4 by their opposite poles (N/S / N/S / N/S).
• the perimeter outline of the magnetically active elements 1 and pole concentrators 4 form a cylindrical or general surface in the cross section.
• the cylindrical or general surfaces of the connected elements 3, along which the connected elements 3 roll/slide, are delimited by their outer envelopes 2.
• the retaining magnetic force in the magnetic joint is a result of the radial component of the magnetic field generated in the radial direction between the counter-polarized assemblies of magnetically active elements ⁇ and pole concentrators 4 of the connected elements 3, which acts through a layer consisting of outer envelope 2 of the connecting elements 3.
• the magnetic joint according to the second embodiment which is shown in Fig. 3, is arranged in such a way that at least one of at least two connected elements 3 contains an assembly of elements including at least one magnetically active element 1 an at least one pole concentrator 4, while the other connected element 3 contains a magnetically reactive element 4a.
• the connected element 3 includes its outer envelope 2, which follows the topology of the element assembly in the connected element 3. If there are multiple magnetically active elements 1 in the assembly, they alternate their N/S magnetic polarity within the assembly in the axial direction and are oriented towards one another through pole concentrators 4 by their opposite poles (N/S / N/S / N/S).
• the perimeter outline of the magnetically active elements i, pole concentrators 4 and a magnetically reactive element 4a forms a cylindrical or general surface in the cross section.
• the cylindrical or general surfaces of the connected elements 3, along which the connected elements 3 roll/slide, are delimited by the outer envelopes 2_of the connected elements 3.
• the magnetic force in the magnetic joint is a result of the radial component of the magnetic field generated in the radial direction between at least one connected element 3, where there is an assembly of elements consisting of at least one magnetically active element 1 and at least one pole concentrator 4 and a second connected element 3 containing a magnetically reactive element 4a, which acts through a layer consisting of outer envelopes 2 of the connected elements 3.
• the axial component of the magnetic field prevents relative displacement of these connected elements 3 in the axial direction in connected state or during rolling/sliding movement; and in case of repeated connection, the connected elements 3 are always joined in the same, previously set relative positions.
• FIG. 4 Another variant of the magnetic joint is shown in Fig. 4, where the magnetic joint according to the third embodiment consists of at least two connected elements 3.
• Each of the connected elements 3 contains an assembly of elements, which consists of at least two magnetically active elements 1 and at least one pole concentrator 4.
• the connected element 3 includes its outer envelope 2, which follows the topology of the element assembly in the connected element 3. If there are multiple magnetically active elements 1 in the assembly, they alternate their N/S magnetic polarity within the assembly in the axial direction and are oriented towards one another through pole concentrators 4 by their common mode poles (N/S / S/N / N/S).
• the perimeter outline of the magnetically active elements 1 and pole concentrators 4 form a cylindrical or general surface in the cross section.
• the cylindrical or general surfaces of the connected elements 3, along which the connected elements 3 roll/slide, are delimited by their outer envelopes 2.
• the retaining magnetic force in the magnetic joint is a result of the radial component of the magnetic field generated in the radial direction between the counter-polarized assemblies of magnetically active elements i and pole concentrators 4 of the connected elements 3, which acts through a layer consisting of outer envelope 2 of the connecting elements 3.
• the axial component of the magnetic field prevents relative displacement of these connected elements 3 in the axial direction in connected state or during rolling/sliding movement; this means that in case of repeated connection, the connected elements 3 are always joined in the same, previously set relative positions.
• FIG. 5 Another variant embodiment of the magnetic joint is shown in Fig. 5, where the magnetic joint is arranged in such a way that at least one of at least two connected elements 3 contains an assembly of elements including at least two magnetically active elements 1 an at least one pole concentrator 4, while the other connected element 3 contains a magnetically reactive element 4a.
• the connected element 3 includes its outer envelope 2, which follows the topology of the element assembly in the connected element 3. If there are multiple magnetically active elements ⁇ and multiple pole concentrators 4 in the assembly, they alternate their N/S magnetic polarity within the assembly in the axial direction and are oriented towards one another through pole concentrators 4 by their common mode poles (N/S / S/N / N/S).
• the perimeter outline of the magnetically active elements ⁇ , pole concentrators 4 and magnetically reactive element 4a form a cylindrical or general surface in the cross section.
• the cylindrical or general surfaces of the connected elements 3, along which the connected elements 3 roll/slide, are delimited by the outer envelopes 2_of the connected elements 3.
• the magnetic force in the magnetic joint is a result of the radial component of the magnetic field generated in the radial direction between at least one connected element 3, where there is an assembly of elements consisting of at least one magnetically active element ⁇ and at least one pole concentrator 4 and a second connected element 3 containing a magnetically reactive element 4a, which acts through a layer consisting of outer envelopes 2 of the connected elements 3.
• the axial component of the magnetic field prevents relative displacement of these connected elements 3 in the axial direction in connected state or during rolling/sliding movement; this means that in case of repeated connection, the connected elements 3 are always joined in the same, previously set relative positions.
• the magnetic joint according to the first or third embodiment consists of at least two connected elements 3.
• Each of the connected elements 3 contains an assembly of elements, which consists of at least one magnetically active element ⁇ and at least one pole concentrator 4.
• the connected element 3 includes its outer envelope 2, which follows the topology of the element assembly in the connected element 3.
• magnetically active elements ⁇ and multiple pole concentrators they alternate their N/S magnetic polarity within the assembly in the axial direction and can be oriented towards one another through pole concentrators 4 by their opposite poles (N/S / N/S / N/S...) or common mode poles (N/S / S/N / N/S).
• the perimeter outline of the magnetically active elements i and pole concentrators 4 form a cylindrical or general surface in the cross section.
• the cylindrical or general surfaces of the connected elements 3, along which the connected elements 3 roll/slide, are delimited by their outer envelopes 2.
• the magnetic force in the magnetic joint is a result of the radial component of the magnetic field generated in the radial direction between the counter- polarized assemblies of magnetically active elements ⁇ and pole concentrators 4 of the connected elements 3, which acts through a layer consisting of outer envelope 2 of the connecting elements 3.
• the rolling/sliding progress between the connected elements 3 is also controlled by the minimum and maximum points of the tangential component of the magnetic field generated between the element assemblies of parts of the magnetic joint in the connected elements 3.
• the assemblies of magnetically active elements ⁇ and pole concentrators 4 and outer envelopes 2 of elements 3 are intentionally shaped to be, in certain predefined relative position of the connected elements 3 during rolling/sliding, connected 3 by a higher magnetic force in the maximum point and, on the other hand, in another predefined relative position during rolling/sliding of the connected elements 3, by a lower magnetic force in its minimum point.
• the axial component of the magnetic field prevents relative displacement of these connected elements 3 in the axial direction in connected state or during rolling/sliding movement; and in case of repeated connection, the connected elements 3 are always joined in the same, previously set relative positions.
• FIG. 7 Another variant embodiment of the magnetic joint according to the second or fourth embodiment is shown in Fig. 7, where the magnetic joint is shown in the view of its cross section and arranged in such a way that at least one of at least two connected elements 3 contains an assembly of elements including at least one magnetically active element1 an at least one pole concentrator 4, wherein the other connected element 3 contains a magnetically reactive element 4a.
• the connected element 3 includes its outer envelope 2, which follows the topology of the element assembly in the connected element 3.
• pole concentrators 4 If there are multiple magnetically active elements ⁇ and multiple pole concentrators 4 in the assembly, they alternate their N/S magnetic polarity within the assembly in the axial direction and can be oriented towards one another through pole concentrators 4 by their opposite poles (N/S / N/S / N/S%) or common mode poles (N/S / S/N / N/S).
• the perimeter outline of the magnetically active elements ⁇ , pole concentrators 4 and magnetically reactive element 4a form a cylindrical or general surface in the cross section.
• the cylindrical or general surfaces of the connected elements 3, along which the connected elements 3 roll/slide, are delimited by the outer envelopes 2_of the connected elements 3.
• the external surface of the magnetically reactive element 4a in one connected element 3 forms the outer envelope in the relevant part of the connected element 3, wherein the perimeter of the magnetically reactive element is formed by a general surface.
• the magnetic force in the magnetic joint is a result of the radial component of the magnetic field generated in the radial direction between at least one connected element 3, where there is an assembly of elements consisting of at least one magnetically active element 1 and at least one pole concentrator 4 and another connected element 3 containing a magnetically reactive element 4a, which acts through a layer consisting of outer envelopes 2 of the connected elements 3.
• the rolling/sliding progress between the connected elements 3 is also intentionally controlled by the minimum and maximum points of the tangential component of the magnetic field generated between the element assemblies of parts of the magnetic joint in the connected elements 3.
• the assembly of magnetically active elements 1 and pole concentrators 4 as well as the assembly of magnetically reactive element 4a and outer envelopes 2 of connected elements 3 are intentionally shaped to be, in certain predefined relative position of the connected elements 3 during rolling/sliding, connected 3 by a higher retaining magnetic force in the maximum point and, on the other hand, in another predefined relative position during rolling/sliding of the connected elements 3, by a lower retaining magnetic force in its minimum point.
• the axial component of the magnetic field prevents relative displacement of these connected elements 3 in the axial direction in connected state or during rolling/sliding movement; this means that in case of repeated connection, the connected elements 3 are always joined in the same, previously set relative positions.
• FIG. 8 Another variant embodiment of the magnetic joint according to the first or third embodiment is shown in Fig. 8 as a view of the cross section through the connected elements 3.
• Each of at least two connected elements 3 contains an assembly of elements, which consists of at least one magnetically active element 1 and at least one pole concentrator 4.
• the connected element 3 includes its outer envelope 2, which follows the topology of the element assembly in the connected element 3. If there are multiple magnetically active elements ⁇ and multiple pole concentrators 4 in the assembly, they alternate their N/S magnetic polarity within the assembly in the axial direction and can be oriented towards one another through pole concentrators 4 by their opposite poles (N/S / N/S / N/S...) or common mode poles (N/S / S/N / N/S).
• the perimeter outline of the magnetically active elements 1 and pole concentrators 4 form a cylindrical or general surface in the cross section.
• the cylindrical or general surfaces of the connected elements 3 are delimited by their outer envelopes 2.
• the general surface of at least one of the connecting elements 3 is shaped so as to prevent rolling of the connected elements 3, only allowing their relative sliding movement in the magnetic joint.
• the magnetic force in the magnetic joint is a result of the radial component of the magnetic field generated in the radial direction between the counter-polarized assemblies of magnetically active elements ⁇ and pole concentrators 4 of the connected elements 3, which acts through a layer consisting of outer envelope 2 of the connecting elements 3.
• the sliding progress between the connected elements 3 is also intentionally controlled by the minimum and maximum points of the tangential component of the magnetic field generated between the element assemblies of parts of the magnetic joint in the connected elements 3.
• the assemblies of magnetically active elements _1 and pole concentrators 4 and outer envelopes 2 of elements 3 are intentionally shaped to be, in a specific and predefined relative position of the connected elements 3 during sliding, are the connected elements 3 connected by a higher magnetic force in the maximum point and, on the other hand, in another specific and predefined relative position during sliding are the connected elements 3 connected by a lower magnetic force in its minimum point.
• the axial component of the magnetic field prevents relative displacement of these connected elements 3 in the axial direction in connected state or during rolling/sliding movement; and in case of repeated connection, the connected elements 3 are always joined in the same, previously set relative positions.
• Fig 9 shows the cross section of the second or fourth embodiment of the magnetic joint.
• the magnetic joint is arranged in such a way that at least one of at least two connected elements 3 contains an assembly of elements including at least one magnetically active element ⁇ and at least one pole concentrator 4, wherein the other connected element 3 contains a magnetically reactive element 4a.
• the connected element 3 includes its outer envelope 2, which follows the topology of the element assembly in the connected element 3.
• the magnetically active elements 1 and multiple pole concentrators 4 alternate their N/S magnetic polarity within the assembly in the axial direction and can be oriented towards one another through pole concentrators 4 by their opposite poles (N/S / N/S / N/S...) or common mode poles (N/S / S/N / N/S).
• the perimeter outline of the magnetically active elements 1, pole concentrators 4 and a magnetically reactive element 4a form a cylindrical or general surface in the cross section.
• the cylindrical or general surfaces of the connected elements 3 are delimited by their outer envelopes 2.
• the general surface of at least one of the connecting elements 3 is shaped so as to prevent rolling of the connecting elements 3, only allowing their relative sliding movement in the magnetic joint.
• the retaining magnetic force in the magnetic joint is a result of the radial component of the magnetic field generated in the radial direction between at least one connected element 3, wherein there is an assembly of elements consisting of at least one magnetically active element ⁇ and at least one pole concentrator 4 and a second connected element 3 containing a magnetically reactive element 4a, which acts through a layer consisting of outer envelopes 2 of the connected elements 3.
• the sliding progress between the connected elements 3 is also intentionally controlled by the minimum and maximum points of the tangential component of the magnetic field generated between the element assemblies of parts of the magnetic joint in the connected elements 3.
• the assembly of magnetically active elements ⁇ and pole concentrators 4 as well as the assembly of a magnetically reactive element 4a and outer envelopes 2 of connected elements 3 are intentionally shaped to be, in certain predefined relative position of the connected elements 3 during sliding, are the connected elements 3 connected by a higher retaining magnetic force in the maximum point and, on the other hand, in another specific and predefined relative position during sliding of the connected elements 3, by a lower retaining magnetic force in its minimum point.
• the axial component of the magnetic field prevents relative displacement of these connected elements 3 in the axial direction in connected state or during sliding movement; and in case of repeated connection, the connected elements 3 are always joined in the same, previously set relative positions.
• FIG. 10 Another variant of the magnetic joint according to the fifth and first or third embodiments is shown in Fig. 10 as a view of the cross section through the connected elements 3.
• Each of at least two connected elements 3 contains an assembly of elements, which consists of at least one magnetically active element 1 and at least one pole concentrator 4.
• the connected element 3 includes its outer envelope 2, which follows the topology of the element assembly in the connected element 3. If there are multiple magnetically active elements 1 and multiple pole concentrators 4 in the assembly, they alternate their N/S magnetic polarity within the assembly in the axial direction and can be oriented towards one another through pole concentrators 4 by their opposite poles (N/S / N/S / N/S...) or common mode poles (N/S / S/N / N/S).
• At least one magnetically active element ⁇ , or magnet is situated eccentrically within the assembly with respect to the axial centreline of the relevant part of the element assembly in the relevant part of the connected element 3.
• at least one pole concentrator 4 can also be situated in this eccentric position within the assembly of elements. This eccentric layout in the connected element 3 can also apply to the magnetically reactive element 4a.
• the eccentric layout described above and the deployment of elements 1 or elements 4 and 4a in the assemblies intentionally controls the progress of rolling/sliding and changes the intensity of the retaining magnetic force during rolling/sliding movement between the connected elements 3 in the magnetic joint in a controlled manner.
• the perimeter outline of the magnetically active elements ⁇ and pole concentrators 4 form a cylindrical or general surface in the cross section.
• the cylindrical or general surfaces of the connected elements 3, along which the connected elements 3 roll/slide, are delimited by their outer envelopes 2.
• the retaining magnetic force in the magnetic joint is a result of the radial component of the magnetic field generated in the radial direction between the counter-polarized assemblies of magnetically active elements 1 and pole concentrators 4 of the connected elements 3, which acts through a layer consisting of outer envelope 2 of the connecting elements 3.
• the rolling/sliding progress between the connected elements 3 is also intentionally controlled by the minimum and maximum points of the tangential component of the magnetic field generated between the element assemblies of parts of the magnetic joint in the connected elements 3.
• the assemblies of magnetically active elements 1 and pole concentrators 4 and outer envelopes 2 of elements 3 are intentionally shaped to be, in a specific and predefined relative position of the connected elements 3 during rolling/sliding, are the connected elements 3 connected by a higher retaining magnetic force in the maximum point and, on the other hand, in another predefined relative position during rolling/sliding of the connected elements 3, by a lower retaining magnetic force in its minimum point.
• the axial component of the magnetic field prevents relative displacement of these connected elements 3 in the axial direction in connected state or during rolling/sliding movement; and in case of repeated connection, the connected elements 3 are always joined in the same, previously set relative positions.
• FIG. 11 Another variant of the magnetic joint according to the sixth and first or third embodiments is shown in Fig. 11 as a view of the cross section through the connected elements 3.
• Each of at least two connected elements 3 contains an assembly of elements, which consists of at least one magnetically active element ⁇ and at least one pole concentrator 4 and at least one magnetically reactive element 4a in the form of the envelope of a thin-walled cylindrical or general surface, which delimits the internal space, which hosts the assembly of magnetically active elements ⁇ and pole concentrators 4.
• the connected element 3 includes its outer envelope 2, which follows the topology of the element assembly in the connected element 3.
• pole concentrators 4 If there are multiple magnetically active elements 1 and multiple pole concentrators 4 in the assembly, they alternate their N/S magnetic polarity within the assembly in the axial direction and can be oriented towards one another through pole concentrators 4 by their opposite poles (N/S / N/S / N/S%) or common mode poles (N/S / S/N / N/S).
• a part of the external surface 5 of the magnetically reactive element 4a is followed by the outer envelope 2 of relevant connected element 3; wherein on the internal surface 6 of magnetically reactive element 4a, an assembly of magnetically active elements i and pole concentrators 4Js retained by magnetic force.
• an assembly of magnetically active elements i and pole concentrators 4Js retained by magnetic force.
• the axial component of the magnetic field prevents relative displacement of these connected elements 3 in the axial direction in connected state or during rolling/sliding movement; and in case of repeated connection, the connected elements 3 are always joined in the same, previously set relative positions.
• FIG. 12 Another variant of the magnetic joint according to the sixth and first or third embodiments is shown in Fig. 12 as a view of the longitudinal section through the connected elements 3.
• Each of at least two connected elements 3 contains an assembly of elements, which consists of at least one magnetically active element 1 and at least one pole concentrator 4 and at least one magnetically reactive element 4a in the form of the envelope of a thin-walled cylindrical or general surface, which delimits the internal space, which hosts the assembly of magnetically active elements 1 and pole concentrators 4.
• This internal space is, in this embodiment, fixed by the magnetically passive element 7. This fixation is ensured e.g.
• the connected element 3 includes its outer envelope 2, which follows the topology of the element assembly in the connected element 3.
• pole concentrators 4 If there are multiple magnetically active elements and multiple pole concentrators 4 in the assembly, they alternate their N/S magnetic polarity within the assembly in the axial direction and can be oriented towards one another through pole concentrators 4 by their opposite poles (N/S / N/S / N/S%) or common mode poles (N/S / S/N / N/S).
• a part of the external surface 5 of the magnetically reactive element 4a is followed by the outer envelope 2 of relevant connected element 3; wherein on the internal surface 6 of magnetically reactive element 4a, an assembly of magnetically active elements 1 and pole concentrators 4 is retained by magnetic force.
• an assembly of magnetically active elements 1 and pole concentrators 4 is retained by magnetic force.
• FIG. 13 Another variant of the magnetic joint according to the seventh and second or fourth embodiments is shown in Fig. 13 as a view of the cross section through the connected elements 3.
• the magnetic joint is arranged in such a manner that at least one of at least two connected elements 3 contains an assembly of elements, which consists of at least one magnetically active element 1 and at least one pole concentrator 4 and at least one magnetically reactive element 4a in the form of the envelope of a thin-walled cylindrical or general surface, which delimits the internal space, which hosts the assembly of magnetically active elements ⁇ and pole concentrators 4.
• This internal space is fixed by the magnetically passive element 7. This fixation is ensured e.g.
• this envelope consists of a magnetically reactive element 4a.
• Magnetically passive element 7 together with the magnetically reactive element 4a form, delimit and fix the internal space of the assemblies of magnetically active elements ⁇ and pole concentrators 4.
• this connected element 3 a part of the external surface 5 of the magnetically reactive element 4a is followed by its outer envelope 2; on the internal surface 6 of magnetically reactive element 4a, an assembly of magnetically active elements 1 and pole concentrators 4 is retained by magnetic force.
• pole concentrators 4 If there are multiple magnetically active elements 1 and multiple pole concentrators 4 in the assembly, they alternate their N/S magnetic polarity within the assembly in the axial direction and can be oriented towards one another through pole concentrators 4 by their opposite poles (N/S / N/S / N/S%) or common mode poles (N/S / S/N / N/S).
• the connected element 3 includes its outer envelope 2, which follows the topology of the element assembly in the connected element 3.
• Another connected element 3 (or its relevant part) consists of the magnetically reactive element 4a, whose outer envelope 2 forms either the envelope of this magnetically reactive element 4a or sprayed/coating layers of magnetically reactive material, or another thin-walled envelope 2 consisting of magnetically passive element 7.
• the radial component of the magnetic field generated between these connected elements 3 when connected or during rolling/sliding movement prevents separation of connected elements 3 but, in this embodiment, the connected elements 3 in connected state or during rolling/sliding movement can slide in the axial direction, because the axial component of the magnetic field in a magnetic joint acts over the entire surface of the outer envelope 2 of this element 3 formed by the magnetically reactive element 4a. In specific cases, this embodiment of the magnetic joint can be preferable.
• FIG. 14 Another variant of the magnetic joint according to the eighth embodiment is shown in Fig. 14 as a view of the cross section through the connected elements 3.
• the magnetic joint is arranged in such a manner that at least one of at least two connected elements 3 contains an assembly of elements, which consists of at least one magnetically active element i and at least one pole concentrator 4 and at least one magnetically reactive element 4a in the form of the envelope of a thin-walled cylindrical or general surface, which delimits the internal space, which hosts the assembly of elements ⁇ and 4.
• This internal space is fixed by the magnetically passive element 7. This fixation is ensured e.g.
• this envelope consists of a magnetically reactive element 4a.
• Magnetically passive element 7 together with the magnetically reactive element 4a form, delimit and fix the internal space of the assemblies of elements 1 and 4.
• this connected element 3 a part of the external surface 5 of the magnetically reactive element 4a is followed by its envelope 2; wherein on the internal surface 6 of magnetically reactive element 4a, an assembly of magnetically active elements i and pole concentrators 4 is retained by magnetic force.
• pole concentrators 4 If there are multiple magnetically active elements A and multiple pole concentrators 4 in the assembly, they alternate their N/S magnetic polarity within the assembly in the axial direction and can be oriented towards one another through pole concentrators 4 by their opposite poles (N/S / N/S / N/S%) or common mode poles (N/S / S/N / N/S).
• the connected element 3 includes its outer envelope 2, which follows the topology of the element assembly in the connected element 3.
• Another connected element 3 (or its relevant part) is formed by the magnetically passive element 7, whose outer envelope 2 is formed by the magnetically active element 1 (or by the magnetically reactive element 4a) in the form of a sprayed nano-layer system.
• this embodiment of the magnetic joint can be convenient thanks to very low weight of the connected element 3, which consists of the magnetically passive element 7.
• the position of the connected element 3 containing an assembly of magnetically active elements A, 4 and magnetically reactive element 4a opposite another connected element 3, which consists of the magnetically passive element 7, whose envelope 2 forms magnetically active element (or magnetically reactive element 4a) is optional and functional in any point of the envelope 2 of this element 3 formed by element 4a.
• the radial component of the magnetic field generated between these connected elements 3 when connected or during rolling/sliding movement prevents separation of connected elements 3 but, at the same time, in this embodiment, the connected elements 3 in connected state or during rolling/sliding movement can slide in the axial direction, because the axial component of the magnetic field acts over the entire surface of the outer envelope 2 of this element 3 formed by element 4a.
• Fig. 14a shows detailed embodiment of magnetic joint from Fig. 14.
• Fig. 14b shows a variant of the eighth embodiment of magnetic joint from Fig. 14, where at least two connected elements 3 consist of the magnetically passive element 7, whose outer envelope 2 forms the magnetically active element 1 in the form of a sprayed layered nano coating or layers of sprayed nano coating.
• this embodiment of the magnetic joint can be preferred thanks to extremely low weight of the connected elements 3.
• the magnetic joint can also be used e.g. for opening doors or window wings, wherein by using a solenoid at joint of both magnets, consistent magnetic fields are formed, which results in separation of the surfaces with solenoids.
• a solenoid By reversal of polarity of the magnets, the connection is re-fixed by magnetic force.
• the mentioned example of embodiment, where the magnet polarity is controlled by electric signal, allows control of opening/closing of entrance doors.
• Using assemblies of permanent magnets and solenoids it is possible to create combinations for closing entrance gates even in case of power supply drop-outs.
• the operational control itself is based on the difference between the force generated by the permanent magnet and solenoid; when the higher force of the solenoid exceeds the permanent magnet so the force of the permanent magnet remains even in case of power supply drop-out.
• Modular magnetic assemblies of objects utilizing the magnetic joint according to this invention bring the benefit of the variability of combinations of connected objects and their parts.
• the connected objects can be combined, added or removed as needed, resulting in a multi-functional product in terms of application, function and design of the products itself as well as of the space where it is installed. Examples include many types of spatial assemblies and objects or accessories for interior and exterior use.
• objects with magnetic joint in combination with objects made of magnetically reactive material, e.g. ferromagnetic steel.
• Objects with magnetic joint as per this invention can be of any size or shape and can be made of any material.
• Certain embodiments of the magnetic joint as per this invention also allow for achieving an extremely low weight of the connected objects even in case of large objects.
• the magnetic joint can also be used in parts of objects of known embodiment and design such as various additional accessories, cabinet doors or foldable worktops in tables or other existing types of furniture.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
• Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
• Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=56615797

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

Cited By (2)

Citations (2)

Family Cites Families (10)

• 2015
  • 2015-09-22 CZ CZ2015-653A patent/CZ2015653A3/cs unknown
• 2016
  • 2016-04-14 WO PCT/CZ2016/000042 patent/WO2016146089A2/en not_active Ceased

Patent Citations (2)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events