WO2016146054A1 - 一种新型燃油加热器 - Google Patents

一种新型燃油加热器 Download PDF

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WO2016146054A1
WO2016146054A1 PCT/CN2016/076364 CN2016076364W WO2016146054A1 WO 2016146054 A1 WO2016146054 A1 WO 2016146054A1 CN 2016076364 W CN2016076364 W CN 2016076364W WO 2016146054 A1 WO2016146054 A1 WO 2016146054A1
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fuel
chamber
combustion chamber
inlet
combustion
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PCT/CN2016/076364
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English (en)
French (fr)
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陈光宁
周鑫
郭国荣
汤秋娟
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陈光宁
周鑫
郭国荣
汤秋娟
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Application filed by 陈光宁, 周鑫, 郭国荣, 汤秋娟 filed Critical 陈光宁
Publication of WO2016146054A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016146054A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N19/00—Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02N19/02—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks
    • F02N19/04—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks by heating of fluids used in engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
    • B60H1/2215—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant the heat being derived from electric heaters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of fuel system supporting devices. More specifically, it relates to a novel fuel heater.
  • the fuel heater is used as a heating device for indoor warming and starting preheating at low temperature of the vehicle.
  • the heat generated by burning the fuel (gasoline, diesel or kerosene, etc.) in a special combustion heating mechanism directly heats the medium (generally cooling liquid).
  • Automobile fuel heaters were first produced in Europe in the 1940s. They are mainly used for preheating engines in winter and supplying cab heating or passenger compartment heating. Subsequent products quickly spread throughout Europe and North America. China's automotive fuel heaters have developed relatively late compared to Europe and North America. With the increasing strictness of foreign environmental regulations and the improvement of passenger ride comfort requirements, air-conditioning technology in automobile regulations puts higher demands on fuel control, emission control and noise control of fuel heaters.
  • the motor drives the oil pump, the combustion air blower and the atomizer to rotate.
  • the fuel sucked by the oil pump is sent to the atomizer through the oil pipeline.
  • the air sucked by the combustion air blower is mixed in the main combustion chamber, ignited by the hot glow plug, and then burned back in the combustion chamber, and the heat sink on the inner wall of the water jacket will be
  • the heat is transferred to the cooling medium in the water jacket interlayer; the heated medium is circulated throughout the pipeline system under the action of the water pump (or heat convection) to achieve the purpose of heating.
  • the exhaust gas generated by the combustion is discharged from the exhaust port.
  • Fuel oil (including gasoline, diesel, kerosene, etc.) is a multi-hydrocarbon substance, which is a combination of a variety of combustible molecules. When the fuel does not reach its vaporization temperature, these combustible molecules are tightly bound together; although various atomization methods (such as high pressure spray atomization or centrifugal atomization) are used to decompose the fuel into extremely fine materials, However, this physical method has not changed its inherent material properties, and remains a multi-hydrocarbon material in which various combustible molecules are tightly bound together.
  • Such a substance that is tightly bound by a plurality of combustible gas molecules needs to be externally given a large amount of energy to be decomposed into individual molecules to be combusted (such as a glow plug, etc.), so that it is difficult to ignite a general electronic igniter.
  • Combustion air problem There is also a characteristic of fuel, that is, when it is decomposed into individual combustible molecules under the application of energy (such as glow plug), its volume will expand hundreds of times in an instant.
  • energy such as glow plug
  • the conventional fuel heater is equipped with a special combustion air blower, since the combustible material expands rapidly in an instantaneous volume, the combustion air sucked by the combustion air blower cannot meet the requirement of 15:1 per unit time.
  • the conventional fuel heater has the following disadvantages: low efficiency; poor ignition stability; poor low-temperature starting capability; large power consumption of the device; large noise; large discharge pollution; high structural failure rate;
  • the main reason for the above-mentioned series of problems is the result of not separating the gasification and combustion of the fuel.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a novel fuel oil device which uses gasoline, diesel oil and kerosene as fuel to separate the gasification and combustion of the fuel, so as to fully burn the fuel and reduce harmful exhaust emissions;
  • the mixture fuel is completely vaporized into an independent flammable molecular gas, which is ignited and burned like ordinary gas; it is different from the simultaneous combustion mode of gasification-combustion used in existing fuel heaters; and it is easy to ignite at low temperature.
  • the fire is stable, the electric load of the device is reduced, the structure is simple, the micro noise is low during starting, working and closing, the emission is low, and the combustion efficiency is high.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a novel fuel heater comprising a fuel vaporization chamber, a preheating electric heater, and a combustion chamber;
  • the fuel vaporization chamber is provided with an oil inlet, an oil and gas mixing chamber and a fuel vaporization chamber outlet;
  • the preheating electric heater is disposed in an oil and gas mixing chamber of the fuel vaporization chamber;
  • the combustion chamber is provided with a combustible gas inlet, a combustion exhaust gas outlet and an ignition device;
  • spacing region between the fuel vaporization chamber outlet of the fuel vaporization chamber and the combustible gas inlet of the combustion chamber, the spacing region being a mixing region of fuel gas and air delivered from the fuel vaporization chamber.
  • an interval between the fuel vaporization chamber outlet of the fuel vaporization chamber and the combustible gas inlet of the combustion chamber is provided with an auxiliary intake structure; the auxiliary intake structure is fixed to the combustion chamber At the gas inlet.
  • the auxiliary air intake structure is a plate type mechanism having a through hole; the through hole is a truncated cone shaped through hole, and the small hole surface of the auxiliary intake structure is fixed to the combustion chamber, and the truncated cone shaped through hole
  • the aperture size is the same as the combustible gas inlet size of the combustion chamber.
  • the auxiliary intake structure is arranged to increase the amount of combustion air entering the combustion chamber.
  • the auxiliary intake structure and shape facilitates more combustion air along with the combustible gas. Entering the combustion chamber makes the proportion of combustion air and combustible gas more reasonable.
  • the fuel heater further includes a premixing pipe provided at an inlet of the combustion chamber, one end of the premixing pipe is disposed at a combustible gas inlet of the combustion chamber, and the other end is Extending into the interior of the combustion chamber.
  • the fuel vaporized gas enters the combustion chamber through the premixing pipe, and a large amount of air is sucked into the premixing pipe, and the fuel vaporizing gas and the sucked air are sufficiently premixed in the premixing pipe and then sprayed to the combustion chamber.
  • the fuel heater further comprises a gasification chamber reheating device
  • the heating device is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is connected to the combustion exhaust gas outlet of the combustion chamber, and the air outlet is disposed outside the fuel vaporization chamber, and the air outlet is open to the atmosphere.
  • the gasification chamber reheating device can heat the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber, and the waste gas with heat flows through the fuel vaporization chamber, and continuously heats the fuel vaporization chamber to keep the temperature above the fuel vaporization temperature; when flowing through the fuel When the exhaust gas of the vaporization chamber is maintained at the fuel vaporization temperature, the preheating electric heater can be stopped.
  • the fuel heater further comprises a water tank wrapped around the outside of the combustion chamber; the combustion chamber and the water tank are filled with a medium; the medium is a cooling liquid; and the water tank is provided with a medium outlet and an inlet.
  • the heated medium is run from the outlet at the upper end of the side wall of the tank through a circulation pump to preheat the engine or to heat.
  • the ignition device is a conventional gas electronic igniter.
  • the electronic igniter used in the present invention has a simpler structure and consumes less power than a glow plug.
  • the fuel heater further includes an oil supply pump connected to the oil inlet of the fuel vaporization chamber through the oil inlet solenoid valve and the check valve.
  • the present invention is a completely different way of burning conventional fuel heaters.
  • the fuel is subjected to slow, controlled combustion, and the fuel gasification and combustion are completely separated, so that the combustion air and the fuel gasification gas can be easily pressed.
  • the best ratio is mixed to ensure that the fuel is fully burned and will be in the fuel
  • the heat is completely released; since the fuel does not deflagrate in the combustion chamber, the pressure in the combustion chamber is small when burning, the thermal energy stays in the combustion chamber for a long time, the exhaust outlet temperature is 250-300 ° C, and the efficiency of fuel combustion is improved;
  • the device burns the gas after the fuel gasification, it is easy to ignite and start at low temperature, and the ignition stability is good; the fuel combustion is very thorough, CO ⁇ 10ppm, the exhaust outlet hydrocarbon concentration is ⁇ 2ppm, smoke: no , harmless to the environment;
  • the device uses less than 10W of electrical load during normal operation, and reduces the burden on the car battery when applying the winter engine warm-up and parking heating in the north;
  • the structure is simple, the failure rate is small, and the maintenance workload is small.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a fuel heater.
  • a new type of fuel heater includes a fuel supply pump 1, a solenoid valve 2, a check valve 3, a fuel vaporization chamber 4, a preheating electric heater 5, a premixing tube 6, and an ignition device. 7. Combustion chamber 8, gasification chamber reheating device 9, medium 10 and water tank 11.
  • the fuel vaporization chamber 4 is provided with an oil inlet, an oil and gas mixing chamber and a fuel vaporization chamber outlet;
  • the preheating electric heater 5 is disposed in the oil and gas mixing chamber of the fuel vaporization chamber 4;
  • the combustion chamber 8 is provided with a combustible gas inlet, a combustion exhaust gas outlet, and An ignition device;
  • a premixing pipe 6 is provided at the combustor inlet of the combustion chamber 8, one end of the premixing pipe 6 is disposed at the combustor inlet of the combustion chamber 8, and the other end is extended to the chamber of the combustion chamber 8;
  • the fuel vaporization chamber outlet of the fuel vaporization chamber 4 and the combustible gas inlet of the combustion chamber 8 have a spacing region, which is a mixing region of the fuel vaporized gas and the air delivered from the fuel vaporization chamber; the spacing region is provided with an auxiliary An intake structure, the auxiliary intake structure is fixed at the inlet of the combustible gas of the combustion chamber 8, the auxiliary intake structure is a plate type mechanism having a through hole; the through hole is a truncated through hole, and the small hole surface of the auxiliary intake structure Fixed to the combustion chamber, the size of the small hole of the truncated through hole is the same as the size of the combustible gas inlet of the combustion chamber 8, and one end of the premixing pipe 6 is disposed at the combustible gas inlet of the combustion chamber 8.
  • the gas structure enters the premixing pipe 6 provided at the inlet of the combustion chamber 8, and at the same time, a large amount of air is sucked into the premixing pipe, and in the premixing pipe 6, the fuel vaporizing gas and the sucked air are sufficiently premixed and then sprayed to the combustion chamber 8, burning
  • the chamber 8 is provided with an ignition device 7 for igniting the combustible mixed gas, and the ignition device 7 is provided with an electronic igniter;
  • the gasification chamber reheating device 9 is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and the air inlet and the combustion chamber 8
  • the combustion exhaust gas outlet communicates with the gas outlet cover outside the fuel vaporization chamber 4, and the gas outlet is open to the atmosphere to discharge the exhaust gas generated by the combustion.
  • the gasification chamber reheating device 9 can be heated by the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber 8, and the waste gas with heat is passed through the fuel vaporization chamber 4, and the fuel vaporization chamber 4 is continuously reheated to keep the temperature above the fuel vaporization temperature.
  • the preheating electric heater 5 can be stopped.
  • the fuel heater further includes a water tank 11 wrapped around the outside of the combustion chamber 8; the medium 10 is filled between the combustion chamber 8 and the water tank 11; the medium 10 is a cooling liquid; and the water tank 11 is provided with a medium outlet and an inlet.
  • the heated medium 10 is operated from an outlet at the upper end of the side wall of the water tank 11 through a circulation pump to preheat the engine or to heat.
  • the preheating electric heater 5 preheats the fuel vaporization chamber 4.
  • the fuel pump 1 passes the liquid fuel through the oil inlet solenoid valve 2 and the check valve 3 Entering the fuel vaporization chamber 4, the fuel vaporized gas enters the combustion chamber 8 through the premixing tube 6, and a large amount of air is sucked into the premixing tube 6, and the fuel vaporized gas and the inhaled air are sufficiently premixed in the premixing tube 6 and then sprayed to the combustion.
  • the electronic igniter 7 is ignited, the mixed gas is fully combusted in the combustion chamber 8, and the burned exhaust gas is discharged through the gasification chamber reheating device 9.
  • the heat energy is continuously transmitted to the side wall of the combustion chamber 8, so that the temperature of the side wall of the combustion chamber 8 is continuously increased; the side wall of the combustion chamber 8 transfers heat to the medium 10 between the water tank 11 and the side wall of the combustion chamber 8
  • the medium 10 enters the space between the combustion chamber 8 and the water tank 11 from the inlet provided at the lower end of the side wall of the water tank 11, and is subjected to heat transferred from the combustion chamber 8 to the water tank 11, and the temperature of the medium 10 continues to rise.
  • the circulation pump is operated, and the medium 10 is sent out from the outlet provided at the upper end of the side wall of the water tank 11 to preheat the engine or to heat.
  • the exhaust gas passes through the gasification chamber reheating device 9 to let the waste gas with heat flow through the fuel vaporization chamber 4, and continuously reheats the fuel vaporization chamber 4 to keep the temperature above the fuel vaporization temperature, when flowing through the fuel vaporization chamber.
  • the preheating electric heater 5 is stopped.
  • the fuel supply pump 1 is connected to the oil inlet of the fuel vaporization chamber 4 through the oil inlet solenoid valve 2 and the check valve 3, and the fuel can continuously or intermittently enter the fuel vaporization chamber 4 through the oil inlet port.

Abstract

一种燃油加热器，包括燃油汽化室（４）、预热电加热器（５）和燃烧室（８）；燃油汽化室（４）设有进油口、油气混合腔和燃油汽化室出口；预热电加热器（５）设于燃油汽化室（４）的油气混合腔内；燃烧室（８）设有可燃气体入口、燃烧废气出口和点火装置（７）；燃油汽化室（４）的燃油汽化室出口与所述燃烧室（８）的可燃气体入口之间具有一间隔区域，该间隔区域为从燃油汽化室输送出的燃油气体与空气的混合区域。该燃油器将燃油的气化和燃烧分开进行，使燃油充分燃烧，减少有害废气排放。

Description

一种新型燃油加热器 技术领域
本发明涉及燃油系统配套装置技术领域。更具体地，涉及一种新型燃油加热器。
背景技术
燃油加热器作为室内升温和车辆低温下启动预热的一种采暖设备，是利用燃料(汽油、柴油或煤油等)在专门燃烧加热机构中燃烧所产生的热量直接加热介质(一般为冷却液)，使介质循环流动后去采暖或预热发动机的装置。
汽车燃油加热器最早产生于20世纪40年代的欧洲，主要用于冬季预热发动机并供货车驾驶室取暖或客车车室取暖。其后产品迅速遍布欧洲及北美市场。我国的汽车燃油加热器与欧洲和北美相比发展较晚。随着国外环保法规的日趋严格以及乘客乘坐舒适性要求的提高，汽车法规中的空调技术对燃油加热器的燃油控制、排放控制以及噪音控制等提出了更高的要求。
目前国内外生产的燃油加热器工作原理如下：
电动机带动油泵、助燃风机及雾化器转动。油泵吸入的燃油经输油管送到雾化器，雾化后与助燃风机吸入的空气在主燃烧室内混合，被炽热的电热塞点燃，在燃烧室内燃烧后折返，经水套内壁的散热片，将热量传给水套夹层中的冷却介质；被加热介质在水泵(或热对流)的作用下，在整个管路系统中循环，达到加热的目的。燃烧产生的废气由排烟口排出。
这种燃烧原理必然会带来一系列不可避免的问题：
1.燃油雾化问题：燃油(包括汽油、柴油、煤油等)是一种多烴物质，即由多种可燃分子组合而成。当燃油在没达到它的气化温度时，这些可燃分子紧密结合在一起；虽然人们用各种雾化方法(如高压喷射雾化或是离心式雾化)将燃油分解到极为细小的物质，但这种物理方法始终没有改变其固有的物质特性，仍然是各种可燃分子紧密结合在一起的多烃物质。这种由多种可燃气体分子紧密结合的物质需要外部给予较大能量使其分解成各个独立分子后才可燃烧(如电热塞等)，所以一般的电子点火器很难将其点燃。
2.助燃空气问题：燃油还有一个特性，即在外加能量(如电热塞等)下被分解为各个独立的可燃分子的同时，其体积在瞬间将扩大数百倍。虽然常规的燃油加热器配置了专门的助燃风机，但由于可燃物质在瞬间体积剧烈膨胀，助燃风机吸入的助燃空气在单位时间内远不能满足15:1的要求。
3.燃烧问题：由于燃油的气化和燃烧是在瞬间同时进行，燃烧室内压力会在瞬间突然增大，气流带着大量热能从排烟道迅排出，造成热能在燃烧室停留时间较短。
4.排放问题：助燃空气和可燃气体的比例不能满足充分燃烧的条件，必然会有很大一部分可燃气体不能燃烧而随着燃烧废气排入大气，因此会造成排出废气中含有较多的CO和碳氢化合物。
5.噪音问题：这种燃烧方式必然会导致燃油急剧气化时在燃烧室内产生较大的爆燃声
6.用电负荷问题：这种燃烧方式在启动过程、工作状态、关闭过程中需要较大的用电负荷，如功率较大的油泵、助燃风机及雾化器电动机，电热塞，油阀等，如应用于北方冬季汽车驻车取暖时对汽车电瓶电力消耗量较大。
综上所述通常的燃油加热器有以下的缺点：效率低；着火稳定性差；低温启动能力差；装置消耗电甁电能大；噪声大；排放污染较大；结构复杂故障率高；之所以会产生上述的一系列问题主要原因是因为没有将燃油的气化和燃烧分开进行的结果。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种新型燃油器，该燃油器以汽油、柴油、煤油作为燃料，将燃油的气化和燃烧分开进行，使燃油充分燃烧，减少有害废气排放；将多烃混合物燃油完全气化为独立易燃分子气体，像使用普通燃气那样点火、燃烧；不同于已有燃油加热器所采用的气化-燃烧瞬间同时进行的燃烧方式；并在低温下易点火启动，着火稳定，减小装置用电负荷，结构简单，启动、工作、关闭过程时微噪声，低排放，燃烧效率高。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用下述技术方案：
一种新型燃油加热器，该燃油加热器包括燃油汽化室、预热电加热器、和燃烧室；
所述燃油汽化室设有进油口、油气混合腔和燃油汽化室出口；
所述预热电加热器设于燃油汽化室的油气混合腔内；
所述燃烧室设有可燃气体入口、燃烧废气出口和点火装置；
所述燃油汽化室的燃油汽化室出口与所述燃烧室的可燃气体入口之间具有一间隔区域，该间隔区域为从燃油汽化室输送出的燃油气体与空气的混合区域。
优选地，燃油汽化室的燃油汽化室出口与所述燃烧室的可燃气体入口之间的间隔区域设有辅助进气结构；该辅助进气结构固定在所述燃烧室的可燃 气体入口处。
优选地，所述辅助进气结构为具有通孔的板型机构；所述通孔为圆台形通孔，该辅助进气结构的小孔面与所述燃烧室固定，所述圆台形通孔的小孔尺寸与所述燃烧室的可燃气体入口尺寸相同。
设置该辅助进气结构是为了增加进入燃烧室的助燃空气量，当可燃气体从气化室经预混管进入燃烧室时，该辅助进气结构和形状有利于更多助燃空气随可燃气体一道进入燃烧室，从而使助燃空气和可燃气体的比例更趋合理。
优选地，所述燃油加热器还包括预混管，所述预混管设于所述燃烧室的入口处，所述预混管的一端设置在所述燃烧室的可燃气体入口处，另一端向燃烧室的室内延伸。燃油汽化气经预混管进入燃烧室，同时将大量空气吸入预混管，在预混管中燃油汽化气体和吸入的空气进行充分预混后喷向燃烧室。
优选地，所述燃油加热器还包括气化室再加热装置；
所述加热装置设有进气口和出气口，所述进气口与所述燃烧室的燃烧废气出口相通，所述出气口罩在所述燃油汽化室的外部，同时该出气口与大气相通。气化室再加热装置可将燃烧室排出的废气加热，让带有热量的废气流经燃油汽化室，不断对燃油汽化室加热，使其温度始终保持在燃油气化温度以上；当流经燃油汽化室的排出废气使其温度维持在燃油气化温度时，预热电加热器便可停止工作。
优选地，所述燃油加热器还包括包裹在燃烧室外部的水箱；所述燃烧室与水箱之间充满介质；所述介质为冷却液；所述水箱上设有介质出口和进口。加热后的介质从水箱侧壁上端的出口通过循环泵运转出去预热发动机或采暖。
优选地，所述点火装置为普通燃气电子点火器。与常规的燃油加热器中采用电热塞点火不同，本发明采用的电子点火器的结构与电热塞相比简单且耗电功率小。
优选地，所述燃油加热器还包括供油泵，所述供油泵通过进油电磁阀和逆止阀与燃油汽化室的进油口连接。
本发明的有益效果如下：
1.本发明是一种完全不同于常规燃油加热器燃烧的方式，对燃油进行缓慢、可控燃烧，将燃油的气化和燃烧彻底分开进行，使得助燃空气和燃油气化气体能够很容易按最佳比例进行混合，保证了燃油充分燃烧，将燃油中的 热量全部释放；由于燃油不会在燃烧室内爆燃，燃烧时燃烧室内压力较小，热能在燃烧室内停留时间较长，排气出口温度为250-300℃，燃油燃烧的效率得到提高；
2.装置燃烧的是燃油气化后的气体，在低温下极易点火启动，且着火稳定性好；燃油燃烧很彻底，CO＜10ppm，排气出口碳氢化合物浓度＜2ppm，烟度：无，对环境无害；
3.燃油的气化和燃烧分开进行，燃烧过程中没有燃油爆然的噪声，装置工作时噪音很小；
4.装置在正常工作时用电负荷不到10W，当应用在北方冬季发动机预热和驻车采暖时减少汽车电瓶的负担；
5.体积小，重量轻；
6.结构简单，故障率小，维护工作量小。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的说明。
图1示出燃油加热器的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了更清楚地说明本发明，下面结合优选实施例和附图对本发明做进一步的说明。附图中相似的部件以相同的附图标记进行表示。本领域技术人员应当理解，下面所具体描述的内容是说明性的而非限制性的，不应以此限制本发明的保护范围。
如图1所示，一种新型燃油加热器，该燃油加热器包括供油泵1，电磁阀2，逆止阀3，燃油汽化室4，预热电加热器5，预混管6，点火装置7，燃烧室8，气化室再加热装置9，介质10和水箱11。
燃油汽化室4设有进油口、油气混合腔和燃油汽化室出口；预热电加热器5设于燃油汽化室4的油气混合腔内；燃烧室8设有可燃气体入口、燃烧废气出口和点火装置；燃烧室8的可燃气体入口处设有预混管6，预混管6的一端设置在燃烧室8的可燃气体入口处，另一端向燃烧室8的室内延伸；
燃油汽化室4的燃油汽化室出口与燃烧室8的可燃气体入口之间具有一间隔区域，该间隔区域为从燃油汽化室输送出的燃油汽化气体与空气的混合区域；该间隔区域设有一辅助进气结构，该辅助进气结构固定在燃烧室8的可燃气体入口处，辅助进气结构为具有通孔的板型机构；通孔为圆台形通孔，该辅助进气结构的小孔面与燃烧室固定，圆台形通孔的小孔尺寸与燃烧室8的可燃气体入口尺寸相同，预混管6的一端设置在燃烧室8的可燃气体入口 处，并与辅助进气结构相通，另一端延伸入燃烧室8室内；燃油汽化室4的燃油汽化室出口与该辅助进气结构对应，从燃油汽化室出口喷射出的燃油汽化气体经过辅助进气结构进入设于燃烧室8入口处的预混管6，同时将大量空气吸入预混管，在预混管6中燃油汽化气体和吸入的空气进行充分预混后喷向燃烧室8，燃烧室8设有点火装置7，用以引燃可燃的混合气体，点火装置7可选用电子点火器；气化室再加热装置9设有进气口和出气口，进气口与燃烧室8的燃烧废气出口相通，出气口罩在燃油汽化室4的外部，同时该出气口与大气相通，用以将燃烧产生的废气排出。
气化室再加热装置9可被燃烧室8排出的废气加热，让带有热量的废气流经燃油汽化室4，不断对燃油汽化室4再加热，使其温度始终保持在燃油气化温度以上；当流经燃油汽化室4的排出废气使其温度维持在燃油气化温度时，预热电加热器5便可停止工作。
该燃油加热器还包括包裹在燃烧室8外部的水箱11；燃烧室8与水箱11之间充满介质10；介质10为冷却液；水箱11上设有介质出口和进口。加热后的介质10从水箱11侧壁上端的出口通过循环泵运转出去预热发动机或采暖。
当燃油加热器工作时，预热电加热器5对燃油汽化室4进行预热，当燃油汽化室4温度达到汽化温度时，燃油泵1将液体燃油通过进油电磁阀2、逆止阀3进入燃油汽化室4，燃油汽化气经预混管6进入燃烧室8，同时将大量空气吸入预混管6，在预混管6中燃油汽化气体和吸入的空气进行充分预混后喷向燃烧室8，此时电子点火器7点火，混合气体在燃烧室8内充分燃烧，燃烧后的废气经气化室再加热装置9后排出。燃油汽化气体燃烧后将热能不断传递给燃烧室8的侧壁，使燃烧室8侧壁温度不断上升；燃烧室8侧壁又将热量传给水箱11和燃烧室8侧壁之间的介质10，介质10从水箱11侧壁下端设有的进口进入燃烧室8与水箱11之间的空间，受到燃烧室8传给水箱11的热量，介质10温度持续上升。此时循环泵运转，将介质10从水箱11侧壁的上端设有的出口送出去预热发动机或采暖。
排出废气通过气化室再加热装置9让带有热量的废气流经燃油汽化室4，不断对燃油汽化室4再加热，使其温度始终保持在燃油气化温度以上，当流经燃油汽化室4的排出废气使其温度维持在燃油汽化温度时，预热电加热器5便停止工作。
供油泵1通过进油电磁阀2和逆止阀3与燃油汽化室4的进油口连接,通过进油口，燃油可以连续不断的或间歇的进入燃油汽化室4。
显然，本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例，而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定，对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动，这里无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举，凡是属于本发明的技术方案所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明的保护范围之列。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种新型燃油加热器，其特征在于，该燃油加热器包括燃油汽化室(4)、预热电加热器(5)和燃烧室(8)；
    所述燃油汽化室(4)设有进油口、油气混合腔和燃油汽化室出口；
    所述预热电加热器(5)设于燃油汽化室(4)的油气混合腔内；
    所述燃烧室(8)设有可燃气体入口、燃烧废气出口和点火装置(7)；
    所述燃油汽化室(4)的燃油汽化室出口与所述燃烧室(8)的可燃气体入口之间具有一间隔区域，该间隔区域为从燃油汽化室输送出的燃油气体与空气的混合区域。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的新型燃油加热器，其特征在于，所述燃油汽化室(4)的燃油汽化室出口与所述燃烧室(8)的可燃气体入口之间的间隔区域设有辅助进气结构；该辅助进气结构固定在所述燃烧室(8)的可燃气体入口处。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的新型燃油加热器，其特征在于，所述辅助进气结构为具有通孔的板型机构；所述通孔为圆台形通孔，该辅助进气结构的小孔面与所述燃烧室固定，所述圆台形通孔的小孔尺寸与所述燃烧室(8)的可燃气体入口尺寸相同。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的新型燃油加热器，其特征在于，所述燃油加热器还包括预混管(6)，所述预混管(6)设于所述燃烧室(8)的入口处，所述预混管(6)的一端设置在所述燃烧室(8)的可燃气体入口处，另一端向燃烧室(8)的室内延伸。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的新型燃油加热器，其特征在于，所述燃油加热器还包括加热装置(9)；
    所述加热装置(9)设有进气口和出气口，所述进气口与所述燃烧室(8)的燃烧废气出口相通，所述出气口罩在所述燃油汽化室(4)的外部，同时该出气口与大气相通。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2所述的新型燃油加热器，其特征在于，所述燃油加热器还包括包裹在燃烧室外部的水箱(11)；所述燃烧室(8)与水箱(11)之间充满介质(10)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的新型燃油加热器，其特征在于，所述介质为冷却液。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的新型燃油加热器，其特征在于，所述水箱(11) 上设有介质出口和进口。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的新型燃油加热器，其特征在于，所述点火装置(7)为电子点火器。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的新型燃油加热器，其特征在于，所述燃油加热器还包括供油泵(1)，所述供油泵(1)通过进油电磁阀(2)和逆止阀(3)与燃油汽化室(4)的进油口连接。
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