WO2016141021A1 - Barrière contre les gaz pour isolation sous vide - Google Patents

Barrière contre les gaz pour isolation sous vide Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016141021A1
WO2016141021A1 PCT/US2016/020377 US2016020377W WO2016141021A1 WO 2016141021 A1 WO2016141021 A1 WO 2016141021A1 US 2016020377 W US2016020377 W US 2016020377W WO 2016141021 A1 WO2016141021 A1 WO 2016141021A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
refrigerator
liner
dimensional
para
vacuum insulated
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2016/020377
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Paul B. Allard
Camille M. KITE
Original Assignee
Whirlpool Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Whirlpool Corporation filed Critical Whirlpool Corporation
Publication of WO2016141021A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016141021A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D23/00—General constructional features
    • F25D23/06—Walls
    • F25D23/065—Details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D23/00—General constructional features
    • F25D23/08—Parts formed wholly or mainly of plastics materials
    • F25D23/082—Strips
    • F25D23/085—Breaking strips
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2201/00—Insulation
    • F25D2201/10—Insulation with respect to heat
    • F25D2201/14—Insulation with respect to heat using subatmospheric pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D23/00—General constructional features
    • F25D23/06—Walls
    • F25D23/065—Details
    • F25D23/066—Liners

Definitions

  • This application relates to a panel or cabinet for refrigeration.
  • the present disclosure relates to a barrier layer of aluminum or another suitable barrier layer for an interior surface of three-dimensional, shaped (3D) vacuum structure or to provide a barrier layer for a thermal breaker between a metal outer cabinet and a metal inner liner or panel.
  • Insulated appliance door and cabinet structures may include polyurethane foam, polystyrene or other insulating material that is positioned between an outer door skin or wrapper and an inner door liner.
  • known insulated appliance structures may suffer from various drawbacks.
  • Vacuum panels provide superior insulation properties over traditional polyurethane
  • PU foam In order to maintain the vacuum inside the panel, the enclosure of the panel must contain a barrier material to prevent gas from entering the panel and losing vacuum inside the panel over time.
  • the walls of the structure When considering a vacuum insulated structure, the walls of the structure must have a barrier layer to prevent gas(es) from entering the structure.
  • Plastics do not typica lly have good barrier properties, while metals typically do have good barrier properties.
  • Vacuum panels traditionally use aluminum foil or a metalized film to provide barrier properties. However, a foil or film is difficult to match to a 3D shape.
  • Another method is to use ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) or other polymeric material barriers that can be co-extruded or laminated with (High I mpact Polystyrene (HIPS). This sheet can then be thermoformed into a part such as a door or cabinet liner. The drawback is that this is limited to thermoforming. If a more complex part, such as one that is made by injection molding, is desired, these solutions do not work.
  • An aspect of the present disclosure is to use Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) to create a thin layer of aluminum or other barrier material on a part, often a shaped and structured three-dimensional part.
  • PVD Physical Vapor Deposition
  • One application is to apply it on the internal side of the plastic door liner ( Figures 1 & 2).
  • the interior of the plastic door liner would be coated with aluminum to provide good barrier properties and could be assembled with a metal outer panel and filled with a filler material (fiberglass or fumed silica) appropriate for building a vacuum insulated door.
  • One advantage of using PVD to cover the inside surface of the liner with a barrier layer is that the inside of the liner does not need to be flat. It could have a shape to match the outside of the liner or could have additional features such as ribs for strength or bosses for attachment. If both sides of the door are plastic, the internal sides of both panels would be treated with PVD.
  • Another application is to apply a thermal breaker between a metal outer cabinet and a metal inner liner.
  • a ca binet with metal walls will provide good barrier properties, but it will also conduct heat around the flange.
  • a solution to the heat bridge is to use a plastic breaker strip to provide a barrier to the heat conduction.
  • this plastic breaker strip does not have good vapor (gas) barrier properties and will allow gas to accumulate in the vacuum structure and reduce insulation performa nce over time.
  • a barrier layer of metal can be applied to the interior surface of the breaker strip to give the breaker strip good barrier performance. By being on the inside surface, the PVD barrier layer typically will not be visible to consumers.
  • the thickness of the barrier layer is quite thin, from approximately 0.001 mm to about 0.015 mm and it will not transfer heat into the cabinet as much as a thicker materia l such as the wall.
  • An aspect of the present disclosure is generally directed toward a gas barrier for a vacuum insulated structure or liner of a refrigerator
  • the gas barrier for the gas insulated structure of a refrigerator includes a plastic trim breaker; a metal outer panel; a metal inner panel; insulation between the outer and inner metal panels; and a PVD metal coating applied to the an inside surface of the plastic trim breaker to provide a barrier layer to the plastic trim breaker.
  • the PVD coating on the inside of the plastic trim breaker abuts the outside surfaces of the inner and outer metal outer panels to prevent gasses from entering the insulated structure and decreasing the effectiveness of the insulation over time.
  • Another application is to provide a 3D vacuum insulated refrigerator structure.
  • 3D refrigerator liner includes an interior 3D liner having an internal side facing to the interior of the refrigerator structural component, such as a door or wall, and a visible side which is visible to a consumer viewing the inside of the refrigerator; and a metal coating applied by PVD to the internal side of the i nterior 3D liner to form a barrier layer on the interior panel; wherein the barrier layer prevents gas from permeating easily through the 3D liner.
  • Another application is to provide a refrigerator including a plastic trim brea ker; a 3D liner; a wra pper which su rrounds the liner; a back plate secured to the back of the 3D liner. Insulation is provided between the 3D liner and the wrapper, and a PVD metal coating applied to the an inside surface of the plastic trim breaker to provide a barrier layer to the plastic trim brea ker, wherein a portion of the ba rrier layer abuts at least a portion of both the 3D liner and wra pper a nd contacts at least a portion of the plastic trim breaker that contacts the 3D liner and wrapper, to prevent heat from entering the structure.
  • FIG. 1A is a perspective view of a visible side of an interior door pane l or liner, according to an exem plary em bodiment;
  • FIG. IB is a perspective view of the interior side of an interior door panel or liner of
  • FIG. 1A A first figure.
  • FIG. 2A is a perspective view of a standard panel or liner material
  • FIG. 2B is a perspective view of an interior view of an interior door panel or liner having an a lumi num layer or simila r barrier layer which is applied through PVD, according to an exem plary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment having a plastic trim brea ker with a metal interior coating creating a barrier layer, which provides a therma l break between two metal pane ls;
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded view of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is fronta l view of the structure of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6A is a cross-sectiona l view of FIG. 5 taken along lines 6-6;
  • FIGS. 6B and 6C a re alternate exemplary embodiments of the plastic trim breaker of
  • FIG. 7A is a perspective view of a HI PS panel or liner having reinforcing ribs
  • FIG. 7B is a partia l perspective view of a HI PS pa nel or liner having reinforcing ribs and a boss;
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a HI PS panel or liner having no ribs or bosses
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a freezer door.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectiona l view of FIG. 9 taken along lines 10-10 of FIG. 9.
  • FIG. 1A is a perspective view of a 3D interior door or cabinet liner 10.
  • the door or cabinet liner is generally formed of high-impact polystyrene (HIPS), but is not limited to such material.
  • FIG. 1A shows the visible side of the interior door or cabinet liner. The visible side is visible to a user of the refrigerator, who has opened the door of the refrigerator and is looking into the refrigerator door or cabinet.
  • the interior door or cabinet liner may be used as an interior liner of a refrigerator door or refrigerator cabinet. I n addition, the interior liner may be used for an under counter refrigerator, as well as a refrigerator of any other shape, as would be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art.
  • FIG. IB is a rear perspective view of the 3D HIPS door or cabinet liner of FIG. 1A.
  • FIG. 1A is a rear perspective view of the 3D HIPS door or cabinet liner of FIG. 1A.
  • IB shows the side of the door or cabinet liner 20 that is the side facing the interior of the refrigerator cabinet structure between the line and the exterior of the appliance cabinet, and is not visible to a user.
  • a coating of aluminum or other barrier material is applied to the interior surface through a physical vapor deposition (PVD) process.
  • PVD physical vapor deposition
  • FIG. 2A is a perspective view of a cutaway portion of an interior door or cabinet liner
  • the interior door or cabinet liner 30 is formed of HIPS and is a standard liner made from HIPS.
  • the door or cabinet liner 30 of FIG. 2A does not have the coating applied by a PVD process using aluminum or another barrier layer.
  • the drawback of FIG. 2 is that gases can easily permeate through the HIPS material through the liner, as shown by the arrows in the Figure.
  • FIG. 2B is a perspective view of a cutaway portion of the HIPS door or cabinet liner of FIG. 2A.
  • the exception is that this Figure shows the door or cabinet liner 40 having the layer of aluminum or similar barrier material that is applied by PVD to produce a barrier layer.
  • gases reaching the door or cabinet liner from the side that is visible to the user do not easily permeate through the aluminum or other barrier material layer coated on the HI PS liner through the PVD process, and reflects backwardly towards the visible portion of the cabinet or door of the refrigerator.
  • This exemplary embodiment can also be applied to a freezer associated with a refrigerator or to a standalone freezer.
  • FIG. 3 is directed to another exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is directed to an embodiment having a plastic trim breaker.
  • the plastic trim breaker provides a thermal break between two metal plates.
  • the embodiment is generally represented by lead line 50.
  • Plastic trim breaker 51 provides a thermal break between metal outer panel 52 and metal inner panel 54.
  • an insulation layer 55 Between the metal outer panel 52 and the metal inner panel 54 is an insulation layer 55, which is generally formed of fumed silica or fiberglass, but is not limited thereto.
  • Above the insulation and also abutting the metal outer panel 52 and the metal inner panel 54 is a seal 53.
  • the seal is made of a gasket material, as would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. Because the seal is well known to artisans, it is not further described herein.
  • the upper portions of the outer metal panel 52 and the inner metal panel 52 have inwardly extending flanges, unlabeled, which extend inwardly toward each other but leave a gap between the flanges.
  • the flanges are shown in FIG. 3 as being thin and extending inwardly towards each other with a large gap there between, this is exemplary only and the exemplary embodiments are not limited thereto.
  • coated on the inside of the plastic trim breaker 51 is a coating of aluminum or other suitable barrier layer material 56.
  • the aluminum or other suitable barrier layer material is coated onto the inside of the plastic trim breaker 51 by a PVD process.
  • the coated layer serves as a barrier material.
  • the barrier layer 56 serves to prevent heat or gas from entering the area between the flanges and typically extends between and across the space between the flanges. A cabinet or door with metal walls will conduct heat in the area between the flanges if no barrier layer 56 is provided. To prevent heat or gas from entering through the plastic trim 1 in the area between the flanges, the barrier layer is provided.
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded view of FIG. 3. In FIG. 4, the insulation and gasket are not shown.
  • FIG. 4 shows plastic trim 51, inner metal panel 54, and outer wrapper 52.
  • the outer wrapper is an outer metal panel that surrounds inner metal panel 54. Attached to the back of wrapper 52 is a back plate 58.
  • FIG. 5 is a front view of FIG. 4 and illustrates plastic trim breaker 51.
  • FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 6 taken along lines 6-6 of FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 6A shows the relationship between inner metal panel 54 and outer metal panel 52.
  • FIG. 6B is an exemplary embodiment of an exploded view of a portion of FIG. 6A, as shown in FIG. 6A, by dot and dash lines.
  • FIG. 6B shows plastic trim breaker 51 having recesses 59 therein for receiving edges of outer metal panel 52 and inner metal panel 54.
  • Metal panels 52 and 54 are secured to recesses 59 in the plastic trim breaker 51 by glue or other suitable connection, typically an adhesive connection.
  • Barrier layer 56 which may be aluminum, is formed by a PVD process. The barrier layer 56 typically has a thickness of from about 0001 mm to about 0.015 mm.
  • FIG. 6C is another exempla ry embodiment, which represents a different structure for the plastic trim breaker 51.
  • the plastic trim breaker 51' has a recess facing inwardly toward a front surface of the plastic trim breaker.
  • the recess faces in an opposite direction.
  • FIG. 7A is a perspective view of a HIPS liner, similar to FIG. 2B, but having ribs for strengthening the structure.
  • FIG. 7A is an interior view of an interior door panel or liner.
  • FIG. 7B is an exploded view of a portion of FIG. 7A, taken from the dot-dash line labeled FIG. 7B in FIG. 7A.
  • FIG. 7B shows ribs 70-73. I n addition,
  • FIG. 7b shows boss 74 for connection of the HIPS liner or pa nel to another part of the refrigerator structure.
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an interior HIPS panel or liner.
  • FIG. 8 is a view facing internally into the interior structure of the refrigerator or freezer.
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an entire door of a freezer compartment of a French door bottom mount configuration refrigeration or freezer.
  • This exemplary embodiment is not limited to a freezer door and can be configured for a refrigerator door, cabinet wall, or for a pantry door of an a ppliance.
  • FIG. 9 shows door 80.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross sectional view of FIG. 9 taken along line 10-10 of FIG. 9.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates door 80.
  • the entire freezer door is made from 3D HIPS liners.
  • reference numeral 82 represents the connection between two liners.
  • 83 is an aluminum coating or similar barrier layer that is coated on the inside of both HI PS liners; i.e., the entire inside is coated with the aluminum or similar ba rrier layer. The coating is formed by a PVD process. Coating 83 prevents gas from entering the liner and getting into the interior of the door structure.
  • a door structure is shown in this exemplary embodiment, the inventive concept is not limited thereto and can be applied to any refrigerator or freezer cabinet structural component as well.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Refrigerator Housings (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une barrière contre les gaz (56) pour une structure isolée sous vide d'un réfrigérateur (Fig. 3). La barrière contre les gaz (56) comprend une garniture protectrice en plastique (51) ; un panneau externe métallique (54), un panneau interne métallique (52) et une isolation (55) entre les panneaux métalliques externe (54) et interne (52). La barrière contre les gaz (56) pour une structure isolée sous vide (53) comprend en outre un revêtement métallique de dépôt physique en phase vapeur (PVD) appliqué sur la surface intérieure de la garniture protectrice en plastique (51) pour former une couche imperméable (56) sur la garniture de protection en plastique (51), le revêtement PVD sur l'intérieur de la garniture protectrice en plastique (51) étant en contact avec les panneaux métalliques interne (54) et externe (52) pour empêcher la chaleur ou un gaz de pénétrer dans la structure isolée et de diminuer l'efficacité de l'isolation dans le temps (§ 0031).
PCT/US2016/020377 2015-03-02 2016-03-02 Barrière contre les gaz pour isolation sous vide WO2016141021A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14/634,936 2015-03-02
US14/634,936 US20160258671A1 (en) 2015-03-02 2015-03-02 Gas barrier for vacuum insulation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016141021A1 true WO2016141021A1 (fr) 2016-09-09

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2016/020377 WO2016141021A1 (fr) 2015-03-02 2016-03-02 Barrière contre les gaz pour isolation sous vide

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US (1) US20160258671A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016141021A1 (fr)

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