Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M14/00—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials
  • D06M14/02—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials on to materials of natural origin
  • D06M14/04—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials on to materials of natural origin of vegetal origin, e.g. cellulose or derivatives thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
  • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
  • C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
  • C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
  • C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
  • C23C18/1655—Process features
  • C23C18/1662—Use of incorporated material in the solution or dispersion, e.g. particles, whiskers, wires
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
  • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
  • C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
  • C23C18/31—Coating with metals
  • C23C18/32—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
  • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
  • C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
  • C23C18/31—Coating with metals
  • C23C18/38—Coating with copper
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
  • D06M11/83—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with metals; with metal-generating compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls; Reduction of metal compounds on textiles
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/50—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with organometallic compounds; with organic compounds containing boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium atoms
  • D06M13/51—Compounds with at least one carbon-metal or carbon-boron, carbon-silicon, carbon-selenium, or carbon-tellurium bond
  • D06M13/513—Compounds with at least one carbon-metal or carbon-boron, carbon-silicon, carbon-selenium, or carbon-tellurium bond with at least one carbon-silicon bond
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M14/00—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials
  • D06M14/02—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials on to materials of natural origin
  • D06M14/06—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials on to materials of natural origin of animal origin, e.g. wool or silk
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M14/00—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials
  • D06M14/08—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials on to materials of synthetic origin
  • D06M14/12—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials on to materials of synthetic origin of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M14/14—Polyesters
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M14/00—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials
  • D06M14/08—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials on to materials of synthetic origin
  • D06M14/12—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials on to materials of synthetic origin of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M14/16—Polyamides
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
  • D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
  • D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
  • D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the field of electrically conductive textile elements and methods of producing same.
• SI-ATRP is not able to be suitable performed under ambient conditions and requires nitrogen protection.
• SI-ATRP reaction involves a relatively long period of time (-24 hours) which is undesirable and not cost-effective for mass production.
• the present invention seeks to alleviate at least one of the above-described problems. [0007]
• the present invention may involve several broad forms. Embodiments of the present invention may include one or any combination of the different broad forms herein described.
• the present invention provides a method of producing an electrically conductive textile element including the steps of:
• the step (i) may include modifying the surface of the textile element with a negatively-charged polyelectrolyte by in-situ ftee radical polymerisation.
• the negatively-charged polyelectrolyte may includes at least one of poly(methacrylic acid sodium salt) and poly(acrylic acid sodium salt).
• the step (i) may include modifying a silanized surface of a textile element with a negatively-charged polyelectrolyte.
• the step (ii) may include coating the modified surface of the textile element with metal particles by electroless metal deposition.
• the metal particles may include at least one of copper and nickel particles.
• the textile element may include at least one of a yarn and a fiber configured for being formed in to a fabric.
• the textile element may include at least one of a polyester, nylon, cotton and silk yarn or fiber.
• the present invention provides an apparatus for producing an electrically conductive textile element including:
• a coating apparatus for coating the modified surface of the textile element with metal particles.
• the apparatus for modifying the surface of the textile element with the negatively-charged polyelectrolyte may be configured to modify the surface of the textile element with a negatively-charged polyelectrolyte by in-situ free radical polymerisation.
• the negatively-charged polyelectrolyte may include at least one of poly(methacrylic acid sodium salt) and poly(acrylic acid sodium salt).
• the apparatus for modifying the surface of the textile element with the negatively-charged polyelectrolyte may be configured to modify a silanized surface of a textile element with a negatively-charged polyelectrolyte.
• the coating apparatus may be configured to coat the modified surface of the textile element with metal particles by electroless metal deposition.
• the metal particles may include at least one of copper and nickel particles.
• the textile element may include at least one of a yarn and a fiber configured for being formed in to a fabric.
• the textile element may include at least one of a polyester, nylon, cotton and silk yarn or fiber.
• the present invention provides an electrically conductive textile element produced in accordance with the method steps of the first broad form of the present invention.
• the present invention provides a fabric formed from at least one textile element wherein the at least one textile element is produced in accordance with the method steps of the first broad form of the present invention.
• Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of a process of preparing conductive cotton yarns via in-situ lree radical polymerization in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
• Figure 2 depicts an exemplary copper-coated cotton yarn fabricated in accordance with the method depicted in Fig. 1 ;
• Figure 3 depicts a representation of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra data in respect of pristine cotton yarns, silane-modified cotton, and PMANa-modified cotton yarns formed in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
• Figure 4 depicts a representation of EDX spectrum of PMANa-modified cotton produced in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
• Figure 5 depicts SEM images representing surface morphologies of cotton fibers with different modifications including (A) pristine cotton; (B) silane-modified cotton; (C) PMANa-coated cotton; (D-F) copper-coated cotton in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; [0032]
• Figure 6 depicts data representing (A) linear resistance of the as-synthesized copper- coated cotton yarns and (B) Tensile strength of the cotton yarns produced in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
• Figure 7 depicts process steps for fabrication of a woven fabric formed from copper- coated yarns produced in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
• Figure 8 depicts sheet resistance data of fabrics woven from copper-coated yarns produced in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
• Figure 9 depicts SEM images of cotton yarns unraveled from washed fabrics under different washing times, the cotton yarns being produced in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
• Figure 10 depicts a PMANa-assisted nickel-coated cotton fabric produced in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
• Figure 11A depicts an exemplary PAANa-assisted copper-coated yarn formed in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
• Figure 11 B depicts an exemplary PAANa-assisted nickel-coated silk yarn formed in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
• Figure 12A depicts PAANa-assisted copper-coated nylon yarn produced in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
• Figure 12B depicts a polyester fabric formed from PAANa-assisted copper-coated nylon yarn produced in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
• a procedure for preparing PMANa polyelectrolytes on textile substrates such as cotton yarn is illustrated schematically.
• the embodiment involves an in-situ free radical polymerization method which may be performed upon cotton yarns by way of example to prepare poly(methacrylic acid sodium salt) (PMANa)-coated cotton yarns. Subsequent ion exchange, ion reduction and electroless deposition of metal particles onto the PMANa-coated cotton yarns may then be performed in order to yield electrically conductive cotton yarns of suitable quality for production on a commercial scale. It should be noted that this embodiment may also be applicable to the preparation of PAANa polyelectrolytes on textile substrates.
• the cotton yarns are then rinsed thoroughly with fresh deionized (Dl) water so as to remove any excess physical adsorbed silane and byproduct molecules.
• This step of silanisation is represented by (100) in Fig. 1.
• the rinsed cotton yarns are then placed into an oven at 100-120 ° C for between approximately 15-30 minutes to complete the condensation reaction.
• the silane- modified cotton yarns are immersed into approximately 50 ml.
• aqueous solution comprising of 3- 7g of MANa powder and 35-75mg of K2S208 (similarly, AANa powder may be used in respect of PAANa polyelectrolytes).
• the whole solution mixture with cotton yarns is heated at 60-80 ° C in an oven for 0.5-1 hour in order to carry out the free radical polymerization.
• the double bond of silane can be opened by the free radicals resulting in the growth of PMANa polyelectrolyte onto the cotton fiber surface.
• This step of free radical polymerisation is represented by (110) in Fig. 1.
• the PMANa-coated cotton yarns are immersed into a 39 g/L copper(ll) sulphate pentahydrate solution for 0.5-1 hour, where the Cu2+ ions are immobilized onto the polymer by ion exchange.
• Cu2+ will be reduced to Cu particles which act as nucleation sites for the growth of Cu in the subsequent electroless deposition of Cu. This step of ion exchange and reduction is represented by (120) in Fig. 1.
• the polymer-coated cotton after reduction in sodium borohydride solution is immersed in a copper electroless plating bath consisting of 12 g/L sodium hydroxide, 13 g/L copper(ll) sulphate pentahydrate, 29 g/L potassium sodium tartrate, and 9.5 ml_/L formaldehyde in water for 60-180 minutes.
• the as-synthesized Cu-coated yarns are rinsed with deionized (Dl) water and blown dry.
• the step of performing electroless metal deposition is represented by (130) in Fig. 1 and an exemplary Cu-coated cotton yarn produced in accordance with the methods steps of this first embodiment is represented by (200 ) in Fig. 2.
• FTIR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
• the PMANa-grafted cotton is also able to be characterized by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). It is shown in Fig. 4 that polymerization of MANa leaves the cotton sample with a sodium element which indicates the presence of PMANa. Referring further to the Fig. 5 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image, no obvious difference between the morphology on the surfaces of silanized cotton fiber surface and the raw cotton fiber surfaces may be visibly evident. However, after polymerization of PMANa upon the silanized cotton fiber surface, it is notable that a layer of coating had been wrapped on the cotton fiber surface. Figures 5D-F show that the copper metal particles are deposited relatively evenly, without any signs of cracks.
• SEM scanning electron microscopy
• the conductivity of the copper-coated cotton yarns is able to be characterized by a two- probe electrical testing method.
• linear resistance of the copper-coated yarns in the fabrication is found to be -1.4 ⁇ /cm as shown in Fig. 6A, and with superior tensile properties compared to the untreated cotton yarns, with both increase in tensile extension (+33.6 %) and maximum load (+27.3 %) as shown in Fig. 6B.
• the increase in tensile extension and maximum load is perceived to be due to the reinforcement on the strength of cotton yarns by a layer of copper.
• the copper-coated cotton yarns are first woven into a fabric first. As-synthesized copper-coated cotton yarns shown in Fig. 7A are firstly wound upon a cone as shown in Fig. 7B by use of an industrial yarn winder. Thereafter, the cone is transferred to a CCI weaving machine as shown in Fig. 7C whereby the copper-coated yarns are woven into a fabric. In the weaving setting, the copper-coated cotton yarns are configured to form the wefts of the fabric while the warps of the fabric are formed by the untreated cotton yarns as shown in the inset image of Fig. 7D which are initially mounted on the weaving machine.
• 1 washing cycle is equivalent to approximately 5 commercial machine laundering cycles. In total, 6 washing cycles are conducted, which accordingly, is considered to equate to approximately 30 commercial machine laundering cycles. Changes in the electrical resistance of the washed fabrics are able to be evaluated using a four-probe method whereby the sheet resistances of the fabrics produced in accordance with this embodiment are measured to be 0.9 ⁇ 0.2 ohm/sq (unwashed), and 73.8 ⁇ 13.4 ohm/sq after the fourth wash which is equivalent to approximately 20 commercial machine laundering cycles as shown in Fig. 8.
• the surface morphology of the washed copper-coated cotton yarns are able to be characterized by unraveled the washed copper-coated cotton yarns from the fabric and examined under an SEM. As shown in the SEM images of Fig. 9, it is visibly evident that the copper metal particles are retained on the surface of the cotton fibers. One perceived reason for the increase in sheet resistance is due to the loosened structure of the cotton fibers arising from repeated washing cycles.
• nickel metal particles may instead be electrolessly plated on to the textile surface by using the same approach described above.
• the source of nickel that may be utilised is 120 g/L nickel(ll) sulphate solution in the ion exchange procedure.
• an electroless nickel plating bath is utilised consisting of 40 g/L nickel sulphate hexahydrate, 20 g/L sodium citrate, 10 g/L lactic acid, and 1 g/L dimethylamine borane (DMAB) in water for 60-180 minutes.
• an exemplary nickel-coated cotton fabric is represented by (300) which exhibits a high degree of evenness of nickel metal, with bulk resistance measured as 3.2 ⁇ .
• an exemplary PAANa-assisted copper-coated yarn produced in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention is shown represented by (400) in Fig.
• an exemplary PAANa-assisted nickel-coated silk yarn produced in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention is shown represented by (500) in Fig. 11 B
• an exemplary PAANa-assisted copper-coated nylon yarn produced in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention is shown represented by (600) in Fig 12A
• an exemplary polyester fabric formed from PAANa-assisted copper-coated nylon yarn produced in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention is represented by (700) in Fig. 12B.
• electrically conductive textile elements may be produced which may be suitably flexible, wearable, durable and/or washable for integration into a textile/fabric.
• electrically conductive textile elements fibers, yarns and fabrics
• such high performance electrically conductive textile elements may be produced utilising relatively low-cost technology cost- effectively on a mass scale based upon the chemical reaction of in-situftee radical polymerization to grow negatively-charged polyelectrolytes such as PMANa or PAANa on textile substrates which may conveniently provide an improved negatively-charged polyelectrolyte layer bridging the electrolessly deposited metal and textile elements and substrates.
• the adhesion of conductive metal to textile substrates may be greatly improved by such surface modification of a layer of negatively-charged polyelectrolyte PMANa or PAANa, in which the electrical performance of such conductive textiles may be more reliable, robust and durable under repeated cycles of rubbing, stretching, and washing.
• the in-situ free radical polymerization method used to prepare the negatively-charged polyelectrolyte may be performed under ambient and aqueous conditions without using any strong chemicals.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Zoology (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
• Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)
• Woven Fabrics (AREA)

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• 2016
  • 2016-02-16 ES ES16758509T patent/ES2884301T3/es active Active
  • 2016-02-16 HU HUE16758509A patent/HUE055483T2/hu unknown
  • 2016-02-16 WO PCT/IB2016/000132 patent/WO2016139521A1/en active Application Filing
  • 2016-02-16 EP EP16758509.0A patent/EP3265605B1/en active Active
  • 2016-02-16 JP JP2017546736A patent/JP6736573B2/ja active Active
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  • 2016-02-16 US US15/554,695 patent/US20180080171A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2016-02-16 CN CN201680013354.7A patent/CN107614783B/zh active Active
  • 2016-03-01 HK HK16102377.1A patent/HK1220860A2/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2018
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• 2019
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