WO2016138801A1 - 一种与风力互补以持续发电的波力供电系统 - Google Patents

一种与风力互补以持续发电的波力供电系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016138801A1
WO2016138801A1 PCT/CN2016/071354 CN2016071354W WO2016138801A1 WO 2016138801 A1 WO2016138801 A1 WO 2016138801A1 CN 2016071354 W CN2016071354 W CN 2016071354W WO 2016138801 A1 WO2016138801 A1 WO 2016138801A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wave
power generation
module
generator
power
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/071354
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
翁文凯
翁源佑
陈建榕
Original Assignee
翁文凯
翁源佑
陈建榕
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 翁文凯, 翁源佑, 陈建榕 filed Critical 翁文凯
Priority to SI201630599T priority Critical patent/SI3267030T1/sl
Priority to JP2017504109A priority patent/JP6342573B2/ja
Priority to US15/555,495 priority patent/US20180045167A1/en
Priority to DK16758417.6T priority patent/DK3267030T3/da
Priority to ES16758417T priority patent/ES2773507T3/es
Priority to PL16758417T priority patent/PL3267030T3/pl
Priority to LTEP16758417.6T priority patent/LT3267030T/lt
Priority to EP16758417.6A priority patent/EP3267030B1/en
Publication of WO2016138801A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016138801A1/zh
Priority to HRP20200165TT priority patent/HRP20200165T1/hr
Priority to CY20201100311T priority patent/CY1123204T1/el

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B15/00—Controlling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D15/00—Transmission of mechanical power
    • F03D15/10—Transmission of mechanical power using gearing not limited to rotary motion, e.g. with oscillating or reciprocating members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H19/00—Gearings comprising essentially only toothed gears or friction members and not capable of conveying indefinitely-continuing rotary motion
    • F16H19/02—Gearings comprising essentially only toothed gears or friction members and not capable of conveying indefinitely-continuing rotary motion for interconverting rotary or oscillating motion and reciprocating motion
    • F16H19/04—Gearings comprising essentially only toothed gears or friction members and not capable of conveying indefinitely-continuing rotary motion for interconverting rotary or oscillating motion and reciprocating motion comprising a rack
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H25/00—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/20—Screw mechanisms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H31/00—Other gearings with freewheeling members or other intermittently driving members
    • F16H31/001—Mechanisms with freewheeling members
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B11/00—Automatic controllers
    • G05B11/01—Automatic controllers electric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/008—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations the wind motor being combined with water energy converters, e.g. a water turbine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00—Application
    • F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
    • F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/93—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/40—Transmission of power
    • F05B2260/403—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components
    • F05B2260/4031—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components as in toothed gearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H25/00—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/20—Screw mechanisms
    • F16H2025/2028—Screw mechanisms using screw profiles with high efficiency for converting reciprocating motion into oscillating movement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H25/00—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/20—Screw mechanisms
    • F16H2025/2062—Arrangements for driving the actuator
    • F16H2025/2093—Arrangements for driving the actuator using conical gears
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of power generation, and more particularly to a natural energy power generation system that combines wind power generation and wave power generation to improve power generation efficiency and stably generate and generate electrical energy.
  • Wind power generation is a common natural energy system.
  • the history of human wind energy utilization is quite long, the technology is mature, and the installation is relatively simple, and the maintenance cost is relatively low. Therefore, regardless of efficiency, most countries have ancillary programs that encourage the construction of wind power.
  • wind power also has shortcomings, because the wind in nature is an unstable phenomenon that people can hardly grasp. When the wind is too low, the energy that drives the wind power will not be generated, resulting in interruption of energy output. When the wind is too strong, in order to avoid machinery If it is damaged, the wind power system must also be turned off, so power cannot be generated.
  • Wave power generation is a surface wave that occurs on the surface of the ocean, that is, a passage between the water and air interface. Fluctuations, a type of gravity wave. When the wind blows, the pressure and friction caused by the wind disturbs the equilibrium state of the ocean surface, and some energy is transferred from the wind to the water.
  • wave power generation is a relatively new technology, and to build it alone requires a huge budget. Moreover, the location of the wave power generation overlaps with the offshore wind power system. If the wind power system is to be rebuilt, it is obviously not in line with actual and economic considerations.
  • the inventors considered a wave power supply device that is complementary to wind power, and based on the existing wind power generation system, increased wave power generation to increase power production. After years of careful research, the natural energy power generation system of the present invention has finally been developed.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a wave power supply system that is complementary to wind power for continuous power generation, and combines wind power generation and wave power generation to increase power production and reduce idle time, thereby enabling stable power supply for a long period of time.
  • the best natural energy alternative is to provide a wave power supply system that is complementary to wind power for continuous power generation, and combines wind power generation and wave power generation to increase power production and reduce idle time, thereby enabling stable power supply for a long period of time. The best natural energy alternative.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a wave power supply system that is complementary to wind power for continuous power generation. Compared with the existing equipment, the erection is easy, the cost is lower than the prior art, the maintenance is easy, and the utility model can be produced. Energy output helps solve the urgent problems of existing energy sources.
  • the wave power supply system provided by the present invention is complementary to the wind to continuously generate electricity, and includes a wave kinetic energy module.
  • the wave kinetic energy module including a wave force acquisition module and a transmission shaft a generator, a shifting module, and an automatic control module;
  • the wave force acquiring module is configured to acquire kinetic energy generated by fluctuations of seawater, and the transmission shaft is coupled to the output by using an output kinetic energy of the wave force acquiring module, the generator receiving station
  • the kinetic energy of the transmission shaft is converted into electric power
  • the transmission module device is arranged on the transmission shaft for adjusting the torque of the transmission shaft
  • the automatic control module has a microprocessor and a marine sensing unit, and the sense of use The fluctuation of the seawater fluctuation is measured, and the shifting module is controlled to adjust the torque of the transmission shaft and control the action of the generator.
  • the wave force acquiring module has a pontoon, and the pontoon is connected with a ball screw or a rack for moving up and down to push the screw of the ball screw, and the screw is coupled with the driving gear, and the driving gear
  • the meshing drives two opposite one-way gears, the one-way gear
  • the wheel is connected to the transmission shaft, and the buoy is driven up and down by the fluctuation of the seawater, and the transmission shaft is rotated in the same direction by the one-way gear limitation, and the generator is rotated by the transmission shaft.
  • the generator includes two coaxially arranged generators, each of the generators has different output powers, and when the seawater has only slight fluctuations, the automatic control module first drives The generator with the lowest output power, in order to exert higher power generation efficiency at low torque; when the fluctuation of the seawater fluctuates, the generator with high output and high power is switched to play at a large torque High power generation efficiency; and when the fluctuation of the seawater continues to increase, the two generators can be driven simultaneously to achieve the highest power generation efficiency.
  • the generator is a coreless disk generator.
  • the two generators are respectively 200KW output power and 300KW
  • the output power, the generator of 200KW output power is started at a wave height of less than 1.5m; the generator of 300KW output power is started at a wave height of 1.5m ⁇ 3.0m; and when the wave height exceeds 3.0m, Then the two generators are started by the same.
  • the shifting module is a stepless speed changer, and has the effect of reducing the rotating speed and increasing the torque, wherein the driving shaft is provided with a torque meter, and the torque meter measures the torque of the transmission shaft, and passes through the
  • the automatic control module controls the shifting module to automatically adjust the drive shaft to achieve the required rotational speed.
  • the automatic control module is further provided with an electronic governor, wherein the electronic governor is connected to control the shifting module, and the electronic governor is configured to stabilize the rotational speed of the shifting module.
  • the ocean sensing unit is a marine data buoy, and the ocean data buoy is observed to obtain data of fluctuations in the seawater fluctuation.
  • the ocean sensing unit is a linear displacement sensor to record the amount of displacement of the seawater fluctuation.
  • the ocean sensing unit is an ultrasonic wave height meter or a laser wave height meter, and the displacement amount of the sea wave fluctuation is obtained by using an ultrasonic wave or a laser signal.
  • the wave system with continuous power generation can provide stable power supply for a long time, easy to install, lower cost than the prior art, easy to maintain, and can produce practical energy output, which helps solve the urgent problem of existing energy.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a wave kinetic energy module and a wind power generation device according to the present invention
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a wave force acquiring module of the present invention adopting a ball screw method
  • FIG. 1b is a schematic structural view of the wave force acquiring module of the present invention adopting a rack method
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the complete structure of a wave kinetic energy module according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a reference diagram of a generator energy acquisition range of the present invention.
  • 5 to 7 are diagrams showing changes in an embodiment of the wave force and the magnitude of the wind force obtained with the inter-turn process.
  • FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 is a wave power supply system complementary to the wind for continuous power generation, including a wave kinetic energy module 10, which is installed on the ocean and utilizes seawater 30.
  • the kinetic energy generated by the fluctuations is used to generate electricity, and the wave power generation is incorporated into the wind power generation device 20 to continue power generation. Therefore, the wave kinetic energy module 10 can be directly erected by using the existing wind power generation device 20, sharing the submarine cable, saving land resources and civil engineering cost, and the wind power generating device 20 can directly use the wind power generating device 20 to directly apply the wave force.
  • the kinetic energy module 10 performs post-maintenance.
  • the wave kinetic energy module 10 includes a wave force acquiring module 100, a drive shaft 110, a generator 120, a shifting module 130, and an automatic control module 140. [0031]
  • the wave force acquiring module 100 is placed in the seawater 30 for acquiring kinetic energy generated by fluctuations of the seawater 30.
  • the drive shaft 110 utilizes the kinetic energy transmission of the output of the wave force acquisition module 100 for transmission to the generator 120 for power generation.
  • the generator 120 receives the kinetic energy of the drive shaft 110 and converts it into electric power.
  • the shifting module 130 is disposed on the transmission shaft 110 for adjusting the torque of the transmission shaft 110.
  • the automatic control module 140 has a microprocessor 141 and a marine sensing unit 142, and controls the shifting module 130 to adjust the torque of the transmission shaft 110 by sensing a change in the fluctuation of the seawater 30, and The action of the generator 120 is controlled.
  • the wave force acquiring module 100 has a pontoon 101, and the pontoon 101 is sunk into the seawater 30, and is moved up and down by the seawater 30 to obtain kinetic energy; 101 is connected with a ball screw 102 (Ballscrew) 102, the ball screw 102 moves up and down with the buoy 101; the ball screw 102 drives a driving gear 103, and the driving gear 103 meshes with a one-way gear 104.
  • Ball screw 102 Ball screw 102
  • the one-way gear 104 restricts steering to maintain rotation in the same direction, and the one-way gear 104 is coupled to the transmission shaft 110; therefore, the buoy 101 moves up and down as the seawater 30 fluctuates, and drives the vehicle
  • the ball screw 102 is synchronously moved, and is distributed to the one-way gear 104 via the driving gear 103.
  • the transmission shaft 110 is continuously rotated in the same direction by the one-way gear 104, and then the transmission shaft 110 is further rotated. Rotate the generator. Since the seawater 30 fluctuates and floats for a regular movement, the generator 120 can continuously generate electricity, and the wind power generation device 20 can complement each other with a transition period, so that the purpose of continuously and stably outputting the available electric power can be achieved.
  • the ball screw 102 includes a nut 1021 and a screw 1022, wherein the nut 1021 is coupled to the pontoon 101 via a connecting rod 1023, and the screw 1022 is coupled to the The driving gear 10 3 , therefore, the nut 1021 will move on the screw 1022 along with the buoy 101 , and then the screw 1022 is rotated to drive the driving gear 103 to rotate.
  • the use of the ball screw 102 is based on its stability and strong load force, so that an optimum power generation effect can be obtained. Of course, other transmission modes are also possible. As shown in FIG. 1b, the pontoon 101 is coupled with the rack 105 to drive the driving gear 103 to rotate, and the power generation purpose can also be achieved.
  • the driving gear 103 and the one-way gear 104 are driven by a helical gear, so the two of the one-way The gears 104 are disposed opposite to each other on the side of the driving gear 103, and the buoy 101 can be driven to transmit power, thereby increasing the transmission power, regardless of whether the buoy 101 is in a floating or sinking state.
  • the generator 120 includes two generators 120 that are coaxially connected in series, respectively, a generator of 200 KW output power and a generator of 300 KW output power.
  • the automatic control module 140 first drives the generator 120 with an output power of 200 KW, and can obtain higher power generation efficiency at a low torque ;
  • the seawater 30 wave height is between 1.5m and 3.0m, the fluctuation fluctuates greatly, and the generator 120 of 300KW output power is switched to obtain higher power generation efficiency at a large torque ;
  • 30 wave height exceeds 3.0m ⁇ , the fluctuations continue to become larger, and the two generators 120 that drive the output power of 200KW and 300KW, even adopting a generator 120 with a high output power of 50 0KW, The highest power generation efficiency.
  • FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 The detailed comparison diagram is shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, wherein the curve shows the relationship between the Wave spectral Density of the seawater 30 and the Wave energy spectrum, that is, Wave Height and The relationship change diagram of frequency (Frequency).
  • the energy acquisition range of the conventional general generator is shown. Since the generator cannot be selected, the general generator can only obtain energy in a limited wave height range; otherwise, as shown in FIG. 3, the present invention has 200 KW. With the generator 120 of 300 KW output power, after the wave height changes, the automatic generator module 140 can switch the appropriate generator to generate electricity according to actual demand. Therefore, the present invention adopts the concept of integration, and can obtain the maximum fluctuation of the seawater 30 fluctuation energy at different stages of the wave height change, and accumulate the maximum energy for output.
  • the generator 120 is a coreless disc type generator, which can reduce wear and reduce the failure rate, and can of course be other low-speed generators.
  • the shifting module 130 is a stepless speed changer 131 having the effect of reducing the rotational speed and increasing the torque.
  • the transmission shaft 110 is provided with a torque meter 143, and the torque meter 143 measures the torque of the transmission shaft 110. And transmitted to the automatic control module 140, and the automatic control module 140 controls the shifting module 130 to automatically adjust the transmission shaft 110 to a desired rotational speed.
  • the shifting module 130 can also be a speed increaser.
  • the automatic control module 140 is further provided with an electronic governor 144, and the electronic governor 144 is connected to control the shifting module 130, and when the seawater 30 fluctuates and floats, a non-periodic change occurs.
  • the electronic governor 144 can be used to stabilize the rotational speed of the shifting module 130.
  • the marine sensing unit 142 has a wide variety of types, and one or a plurality of settings may be set, one of which is ocean.
  • the data buoy 1421 obtains data of fluctuations in fluctuations of the seawater 30 by observing the ocean data buoy.
  • the ocean sensing unit 142 is a linear displacement sensor 1422 to record the amount of displacement of the seawater 30 fluctuations.
  • the ocean sensing unit 142 is an ultrasonic wave height meter or a laser wave height meter 1423, and the displacement amount of the fluctuation of the seawater 30 is obtained by using an ultrasonic wave or a laser signal.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

一种与风力互补以持续发电的波力供电系统，包括波力动能模块（10），其架设于海洋上，利用海水波动起伏产生的动能进行发电，并将波力发电并入风力发电设备而达成持续发电的目的，所述波力动能模块（10）包括波力获取模块（100）、传动轴（110）、发电机（120）、变速模块（130）、自动控制模块（140）；所述波力获取模块（100）用于获取海水波动起伏产生的动能，所述传动轴（110）利用所述波力获取模块（100）的输出动能传动，所述发电机（120）接收所述传动轴（110）的动能并转换为电力，所述变速模块（130）安装在所述传动轴（110）上，用于调整所述传动轴（110）的转矩，所述自动控制模块（140）具有微处理器（141）与海洋感测单元（142），通过感测海水波动起伏的变化，控制所述变速模块（130）调整所述传动轴（110）的转矩，以及控制所述发电机（120）的动作。该系统能长期稳定地进行供电，架设容易，成本低廉，容易维修。

Description

发明名称：一种与风力互补以持续发电的波力供电系统 技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及发电相关领域， 尤其涉及一种结合风力发电和波力发电以提高发电 效能， 稳定持续产生电能的自然能源发电系统。
背景技术
[0002] 风力发电是常见的自然能源系统， 人类利用风能的历史相当悠久， 技术也较为 成熟， 而且设置较为简易， 维护成本较为低廉。 因此， 无论效率高低， 多数国 家都有鼓励建设风力发电的辅助方案。 然而， 风力发电也存在缺点， 因为自然 界的风力是人难以掌握的不稳定现象， 当风力过低吋将无法产生驱动风力发电 的能量， 导致能量输出中断； 而当风力过强吋， 为避免机械损坏， 也必须关闭 风力发电系统， 故无法产生电力。
[0003] 而另一种常见的自然能源系统， 是利用海水起伏进行的波力 (wave)发电， 波力 是发生在海洋表面上的表面波， 即沿着水与空气界面间传行的一种波动， 属于 重力波的一种类型。 当风吹起吋， 风所带来的压力及摩擦力对海洋表面的平衡 态产生扰动， 一些能量自风转移到水上。
[0004] 由于海洋占有地球表面七成的面积， 且经常保持波动起伏， 相对于风力发电， 波力发电的效能相当强大， 能够经常持久性的产生动能。 故利用海水波力进行 发电的技术， 也成为业界重视的对象。
[0005] 然而， 波力发电属于较为新兴的技术， 若要单独构建， 需要庞大的预算。 而且 波力发电所设置的地点， 与离岸风力发电系统有所重叠， 如果要改建风力发电 系统， 显然不符合现实与经济考虑。
[0006] 根据观察， 无论是风力或波力能量， 都是属于具有周期变化的能量， 波力与风 力的能量周期相关性系数达 0.8且波力比风力更容易预测。 其能量较低吋， 不具 有发电效益， 而能量过大吋， 则可能破坏发电设备而无法有效产生能量。 故风 力或波力能量在幵始启动直到稳定发电的期间， 都会有能量无法利用的 「过渡 吋期」 。 而无论是何处海域， 风力与波力的过渡吋期相互具有吋间间隔， 若能 使风力与波力互补， 则可确保长吋间保持有效的发电， 而增加能源收益， 图 5至 图 7所示为随着吋间过程得到的波力、 风力大小变化图。 （图 5至图 7 出自： HOKIMOTO, Tsukasa. Prediction of wave height based on the monitoring of surface wind. Oceanography, 2012,169-188。 、
[0007] 为此， 发明人考虑一种能与风力互补的波力供电装置， 以现有的风力发电系统 为基础， 增加波力发电以提高电能产量。 经多年悉心研究， 终于研发完成本发 明的自然能量发电系统。
技术问题
[0008] 本发明的主要目的在于提供一种与风力互补以持续发电的波力供电系统， 结合 风力发电和波力发电以提高电能产量， 减少闲置吋间， 因此能长期稳定的进行 供电， 成为最佳的自然能源替代方案。
[0009] 本发明的另一目的在于提供一种与风力互补以持续发电的波力供电系统， 结合 现有设备， 架设容易， 成本较现有技术更为低廉， 容易维修， 且能产生实用的 能量输出， 有助于解决现有能源急迫的问题。
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0010] 本发明所提供的与风力互补以持续发电的波力供电系统， 包括有波力动能模块
， 架设于海洋上， 利用海水波动起伏产生的动能进行发电， 并将所述波力发电 并入风力发电设备而达成持续发电的目的， 所述波力动能模块包括有波力获取 模块、 传动轴、 发电机、 变速模块、 自动控制模块； 所述波力获取模块用于获 取海水波动起伏产生的动能， 所述传动轴利用所述波力获取模块的输出动能连 结传动， 所述发电机接收所述传动轴的动能并转换为电力， 所述变速模块装置 在所述传动轴上， 用于调整所述传动轴的转矩， 所述自动控制模块具有微处理 器与海洋感测单元， 利用感测所述海水波动起伏变化， 控制所述变速模块调整 所述传动轴的转矩并控制所述发电机的动作。
[0011] 进一步的， 所述波力获取模块具有浮筒， 所述浮筒连接有滚珠螺杆或齿条进行 上下运动、 推动所述滚珠螺杆的螺杆转动， 所述螺杆与主动齿轮连结， 所述主 动齿轮介于两同向单向齿轮之间、 啮合带动有两反向的单向齿轮， 所述单向齿 轮连接所述传动轴， 通过海水波动起伏带动所述浮筒上下运动， 并由于所述单 向齿轮限制以带动所述传动轴朝同一方向持续转动， 再通过所述传动轴转动所 述发电机。
[0012] 进一步的， 所述发电机包括两个同轴串接设置的发电机， 各所述发电机具有不 同输出功率， 当所述海水仅有轻微波动起伏吋， 所述自动控制模块首先驱动最 低输出功率的所述发电机， 以在低转矩吋发挥较高发电效率； 当所述海水波动 起伏变大吋， 切换高输出高功率的所述发电机， 以在大转矩吋发挥较高发电效 率； 而当所述海水波动起伏继续变大吋， 可同吋驱动两个所述发电机， 达到最 高的发电效率。
[0013] 优选的， 所述发电机为无铁芯盘式发电机。
[0014] 优选的， 两个所述发电机分别为 200KW输出功率与 300KW
输出功率， 200KW输出功率的所述发电机在浪高低于 1.5m吋启动； 300KW输 出功率的所述发电机在浪高介于 1.5m~3.0m吋启动； 而当浪高超过 3.0m吋， 则 同吋启动两个所述发电机。
[0015] 优选的， 所述变速模块为无段变速机， 具有降低转速、 增加扭矩的效果， 所述 传动轴上设置有扭力计， 所述扭力计测量所述传动轴的转矩， 通过所述自动控 制模块控制所述变速模块自动调整所述传动轴达成所需的转速。
[0016] 进一步的， 所述自动控制模块还设置有电子调速器， 所述电子调速器连接控制 所述变速模块， 所述电子调速器用于稳定所述变速模块的转速。
[0017] 优选的， 所述海洋感测单元为海洋数据浮标， 通过观察所述海洋数据浮标以得 到所述海水波动起伏变化的数据。
[0018] 优选的， 所述海洋感测单元为直线位移传感器， 以记录所述海水波动起伏的位 移量。
[0019] 优选的， 所述海洋感测单元为超音波波高计或雷射波高计， 利用超音波或雷射 信号取得所述海水波动起伏的位移量。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0020] 与现有技术相比， 本发明的优点和积极效果是： 本发明所提供的一种与风力互 补以持续发电的波力系统， 能长期稳定的进行供电， 架设容易， 成本较现有技 术更为低廉， 容易维修， 且能产生实用的能量输出， 有助于解决现有能源急迫 的问题。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0021] 图 1为本发明的波力动能模块与风力发电设备的结构示意图；
[0022] 图 la为本发明的波力获取模块采取滚珠螺杆方式的结构示意图；
[0023] 图 lb为本发明的波力获取模块采取齿条方式的结构示意图；
[0024] 图 2为本发明的波力动能模块完整结构示意图；
[0025] 图 3为本发明的发电机能量获取范围参考图； 以及
[0026] 图 4为一般发电机的能量获取范围参考图；
[0027] 图 5至图 7为随着吋间过程得到的波力、 风力大小的一种实施例的变化图。
[0028] 其中， 10、 波力动能模块； 100、 波力获取模块； 101、 浮筒； 102、 滚珠螺杆 ； 1021、 螺帽； 1022、 螺杆； 1023、 连杆； 103、 主动齿轮； 104、 单向齿轮； 1 05、 齿条； 110、 传动轴； 120、 发电机； 130、 变速模块； 131、 无段变速机； 1 40、 自动控制模块； 141、 微处理器； 142、 海洋感测单元； 1421、 海洋资料浮 标； 1422、 直线位移传感器； 1423、 超音波波高计或雷射波高计； 143、 扭力计 ； 144、 电子调速器； 20、 风力发电设备； 30、 海水。
本发明的实施方式
[0029] 请参阅图 1、 图 2所示， 为本发明所提供的一种与风力互补以持续发电的波力供 电系统， 包括有波力动能模块 10， 其架设于海洋上， 利用海水 30波动起伏产生 的动能进行发电， 并将所述波力发电并入风力发电设备 20以持续发电。 因此， 所述波力动能模块 10可利用现有的风力发电设备 20直接架设， 共享海底电缆， 节省土地资源以及土木工程成本， 同吋可利用所述的风力发电设备 20直接对所 述波力动能模块 10进行后期维修。
[0030] 所述波力动能模块 10包括有波力获取模块 100、 传动轴 110、 发电机 120、 变速 模块 130、 自动控制模块 140。 [0031] 所述波力获取模块 100放入所述海水 30中， 用于获取所述海水 30波动起伏产生 的动能。
[0032] 所述传动轴 110利用所述波力获取模块 100的输出的动能传动， 以传输至所述发 电机 120进行发电。
[0033] 所述发电机 120接收所述传动轴 110的动能， 并转换为电力。
[0034] 所述变速模块 130装置在所述传动轴 110上， 用于调整所述传动轴 110的转矩。
[0035] 所述自动控制模块 140具有微处理器 141与海洋感测单元 142， 通过感测所述海 水 30波动起伏的变化， 控制所述变速模块 130调整所述传动轴 110的转矩， 并控 制所述发电机 120的动作。
[0036] 具体来说， 所述波力获取模块 100具有浮筒 101， 所述浮筒 101沉入所述海水 30 中， 受到所述海水 30波动起浮而上下运动， 用于获取动能； 所述浮筒 101连接有 滚珠螺杆 （Ballscrew) 102， 所述滚珠螺杆 102随着所述浮筒 101进行上下运动； 所述滚珠螺杆 102带动有主动齿轮 103， 所述主动齿轮 103则啮合带动有单向齿轮 104， 所述单向齿轮 104限制转向以保持同一方向的转动， 所述单向齿轮 104连接 所述传动轴 110; 因此， 所述浮筒 101随着所述海水 30波动起浮而上下运动， 并 带动所述滚珠螺杆 102同步运动， 再经由所述主动齿轮 103分配到所述单向齿轮 1 04， 由所述单向齿轮 104带动所述传动轴 110朝同一方向持续转动， 再经由所述 传动轴 110转动所述发电机。 由于所述海水 30波动起浮为经常性的运动， 故所述 发电机 120可以持续发电， 并配合所述风力发电设备 20互相补足过渡吋期， 故可 以达成持续稳定输出可用电力的目的。
[0037] 如图 la所示， 如前所述滚珠螺杆 102， 包括有螺帽 1021与螺杆 1022， 其中所述 螺帽 1021通过连杆 1023连接所述浮筒 101， 而所述螺杆 1022连接所述主动齿轮 10 3， 因此， 所述螺帽 1021会随着所述浮筒 101而在所述螺杆 1022上移动， 然后带 动所述螺杆 1022旋转以驱动所述主动齿轮 103转动。
[0038] 采取所述滚珠螺杆 102是考虑到其稳定性与强大的负荷力， 因此可以得到最佳 的发电效果。 当然， 也可为其它传动方式， 如图 lb所示， 所述浮筒 101连接齿条 105啮合带动所述主动齿轮 103转动， 同样可以达成发电目的。
[0039] 所述主动齿轮 103与所述单向齿轮 104采取斜齿轮方式带动， 所以两个所述单向 齿轮 104同吋反向设置在所述主动齿轮 103两侧， 无论所述浮筒 101处于上浮或下 沉状态， 都可带动任一个所述单向齿轮 104传输动力， 进而提高传输功率。
[0040] 请配合图 3所示， 所述发电机 120包括两个采取同轴串接的发电机 120， 分别为 2 00KW输出功率的发电机与 300KW输出功率的发电机。 当所述海水 30浪高低于 1. 5m吋而仅有轻微波动起伏吋， 所述自动控制模块 140首先驱动 200KW输出功率的 所述发电机 120， 可在低转矩吋获得较高发电效率； 当所述海水 30浪高介于 1.5m ~3.0m吋使波动起伏变大吋， 切换 300KW输出功率的所述发电机 120， 以在大转 矩吋获得较高发电效率； 而当所述海水 30浪高超过 3.0m吋， 波动起伏继续变大 ， 同吋驱动 200KW与 300KW输出功率的两个所述发电机 120， 甚至是采取一部 50 0KW高输出功率的所述发电机 120， 以达成最高的发电效率。
[0041] 详细比较图如图 3、 图 4所示， 其中的曲线呈现海水 30的波谱密度 (Wave spectral Density)与波能谱 (Wave energy spectrum)的关系变化， 即浪高 (Wave Height)与频 率 (Frequency)的关系变化图。 参见图 4所示， 显示传统一般发电机的能量获取范 围， 由于无法选择发电机， 所述一般发电机仅能在有限浪高范围内获取能量； 反之， 如图 3所示， 本发明具有 200KW与 300KW输出功率的所述发电机 120， 故 在所述浪高发生变化吋， 可根据实际需求由所述自动控制模块 140切换适当的发 电机进行发电。 因此， 本发明采取积分观念， 可在不同阶段的浪高变化分别获 取最大的所述海水 30波动起浮能量， 累积成最大的能量进行输出。
[0042] 为适应使用环境并方便操作， 并降低维修次数， 所述发电机 120为无铁芯盘式 发电机， 可以减少磨耗而降低故障率， 当然亦可为其它低转速发电机。
[0043] 所述变速模块 130为无段变速机 131， 具有降低转速、 增加扭矩的效果， 所述传 动轴 110上设置有扭力计 143， 所述扭力计 143测量所述传动轴 110的转矩并传输 至所述的自动控制模块 140， 通过所述自动控制模块 140控制所述变速模块 130自 动调整所述传动轴 110达到所需的转速。 所述变速模块 130还可以是增速机。
[0044] 所述自动控制模块 140还设置有电子调速器 144， 所述电子调速器 144连接控制 所述变速模块 130， 当所述海水 30波动起浮产生非周期性的变化吋， 所述电子调 速器 144可用于稳定所述变速模块 130的转速。
[0045] 所述海洋感测单元 142种类繁多， 可以设置一种或同吋多种设置， 其一为海洋 数据浮标 1421， 通过观察所述海洋数据浮标以得到所述海水 30波动起伏变化的 数据。
[0046] 或者， 所述海洋感测单元 142为直线位移传感器 1422， 以记录所述海水 30波动 起伏的位移量。
[0047] 或者， 所述海洋感测单元 142为超音波波高计或雷射波高计 1423， 利用超音波 或雷射信号获得所述海水 30波动起伏的位移量。
[0048] 上列详细说明是针对本发明的一可行实施例之具体说明， 惟所述实施例并非用 以限制本发明的专利范围， 凡未脱离本发明技艺精神所为的等效实施或变更， 均应包含于本案专利范围中。

Claims

权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 一种与风力互补以持续发电的波力供电系统， 包括波力动能模块， 其 架设于海洋上， 利用海水波动起伏产生的动能进行发电， 并将波力发 电并入风力发电设备以持续发电； 所述波力动能模块包括： 波力获取模块， 用于获取海水波动起伏产生的动能；
传动轴， 利用所述波力获取模块输出的动能传动； 发电机， 接收所述传动轴的动能并转换为电力； 变速模块， 安装在所述传动轴上， 用于调整所述传动轴的转矩； 以及 自动控制模块， 具有微处理器与海洋感测单元， 通过感测海水波动起 伏的变化， 控制所述变速模块调整所述传动轴的转矩并控制所述发电 机的动作。
[权利要求 2] 根据权利要求 1所述的与风力互补以持续发电的波力供电系统， 其特 征在于， 所述波力获取模块具有浮筒， 所述浮筒连接滚珠螺杆或齿条 ， 所述滚珠螺杆带动主动齿轮， 所述主动齿轮啮合带动单向齿轮， 所 述单向齿轮连接所述传动轴， 利用海水波动起伏带动所述浮筒上下运 动， 并在所述单向齿轮的限制下带动所述传动轴朝同一方向持续转动 ， 再利用所述传动轴的转动驱动所述发电机。
[权利要求 3] 根据权利要求 1所述的与风力互补以持续发电的波力供电系统， 其特 征在于， 所述发电机包括两个同轴串接设置的发电机， 每个所述的发 电机具有不同的输出功率， 当所述海水仅有轻微波动起伏吋， 所述自 动控制模块首先驱动低输出功率的所述发电机， 以在低转矩吋获得较 高的发电效率； 当所述海水波动起伏变大吋， 切换到高输出功率的所 述发电机， 以在大转矩吋获得较高的发电效率； 而当所述海水波动起 伏继续变大吋， 同吋驱动两个所述发电机， 达到最高的发电效率。
[权利要求 4] 根据权利要求 3所述的与风力互补以持续发电的波力供电系统， 其特 征在于， 所述发电机为无铁芯盘式发电机。
[权利要求 5] 根据权利要求 3所述的与风力互补以持续发电的波力供电系统， 其特 征在于， 两个所述发电机分别为 200KW输出功率的发电机与 300KW 输出功率的发电机， 所述 200KW输出功率的发电机在浪高低于 1.5m 吋启动； 所述 300KW输出功率的发电机在浪高介于 1.5m~3.0m吋启 动； 而当浪高超过 3.0m吋， 则同吋启动两个所述发电机。
[权利要求 6] 根据权利要求 1所述的与风力互补以持续发电的波力供电系统， 其特 征在于， 所述变速模块为增速机或无段变速机， 所述传动轴上设置有 扭力计， 所述扭力计测量所述传动轴的转矩， 并传输至所述的自动控 制模块， 通过所述自动控制模块控制所述变速模块自动调整所述传动 轴达到所需的转速。
[权利要求 7] 根据权利要求 6所述的与风力互补以持续发电的波力供电系统， 其特 征在于， 所述自动控制模块还设置有电子调速器， 所述电子调速器连 接控制所述变速模块， 所述电子调速器用于稳定所述变速模块的转速
[权利要求 8] 根据权利要求 1所述的与风力互补以持续发电的波力供电系统， 其特 征在于， 所述海洋感测单元为海洋数据浮标， 通过所述海洋数据浮标 得到所述海水波动起伏变化的数据。
[权利要求 9] 根据权利要求 1所述的与风力互补以持续发电的波力供电系统， 其特 征在于， 所述海洋感测单元为直线位移传感器， 以记录所述海水波动 起伏的位移量。
[权利要求 10] 根据权利要求 1所述的与风力互补以持续发电的波力供电系统， 其特 征在于， 所述海洋感测单元为超音波波高计或雷射波高计， 利用超音 波或雷射信号获得所述海水波动起伏的位移量。
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