WO2016129100A1

WO2016129100A1 - Agent for increasing useful bacteria in animal intestines, and method for improving intestinal environment in livestock in which said agent is used

Info

Publication number: WO2016129100A1
Application number: PCT/JP2015/053961
Authority: WO
Inventors: 山田　豊; 松井　宏樹
Original assignee: 油化産業株式会社; 国立大学法人三重大学
Priority date: 2015-02-13
Filing date: 2015-02-13
Publication date: 2016-08-18
Also published as: JPWO2016129100A1; KR20170117382A; JP6557686B2; KR102376381B1

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to improve the intestinal environment in animals such as livestock, and thereby prevent disease before it occurs, and to improve livestock productivity. This agent for increasing useful bacteria in animal intestines contains at least one fatty acid selected from the group consisting of caprylic acid, capric acid, and lauric acid, or salts thereof.

Description

Animal intestinal useful bacteria increasing agent and livestock intestinal environment improving method using the same

The present invention relates to an agent for increasing useful intestinal bacteria that increases useful bacteria present in the intestines of animals. In addition, the present invention improves the intestinal environment of livestock by increasing useful bacteria in the intestinal flora of livestock and decreasing harmful bacteria using the animal intestinal useful bacteria increasing agent of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention also relates to a method for improving the intestinal environment of livestock, which improves and maintains digestive physiological functions and immune functions, prevents the occurrence of diseases, and improves the efficient productivity of livestock.
The “animal” in the present invention is a vertebrate such as mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish, and the like, for example, humans, domestic animals, primates (monkeys, chimpanzees, etc.), laboratory animals (mouse, rats, etc.), etc. is there. The term “livestock” in the present invention refers to industrial animals, pets, pets for viewing, and sporting animals that are accustomed or raised for human use of their products (milk, meat, eggs, etc.). There are, for example, cows, pigs, sheep, goats, horses, poultry, dogs, cats, small birds, fish farms and the like.

In recent years, large-scale breeding of livestock has progressed further and forced to manage groups rather than individuals. In the current situation, short-term breeding with high breeding density (head or wings / area), switching to feeds with different nutrition and forms, heat, cold, weaning, group movements based on people in the breeding ground, long-distance transportation of livestock It has come to be exposed to various management stress such as. Especially in the summer, the stress experienced by livestock is significantly increased due to unprecedented temperature rise due to global warming, while the stress during the cold season remains unchanged, and the negative impact of these factors on livestock is increasing. . As a result, productivity degradation such as the occurrence of diseases and a decrease in growth (gain), and the effect on the quality of products have become major problems.

As an indirect factor that reduces livestock productivity, stress weakens the internal organs of the digestive tract, significantly lowers food intake or digestion and absorption of nutrients, disrupts the gut microbiota and decreases immunity This makes it easier to infect pathogens such as bacteria and protozoa. The intestinal flora includes useful and harmful bacteria. Examples of useful bacteria include bacteria belonging to the genus Lactobacillus や and Bifidobacterium 、. And the like. The balance of competitive growth between these useful bacteria and harmful bacteria is disrupted, resulting in an enteric bacterial flora that predominates harmful bacteria, causing a decline in immune function and digestive physiology. It is thought to lead to a decrease in productivity.

As a method for dealing with stressed livestock, for example, it contains a nutritional supplement for livestock containing higher fatty acid triglycerides and medium chain fatty acid triglycerides (Patent Document 1), animal and vegetable oils and dietary fiber, Dairy substitute milk composition for the purpose of improving soft stool and reducing stress (Patent Document 2), containing non-fat dry milk and / or soybean meal as a main component, and containing a medium chain fatty acid or a salt thereof A milk replacer composition (Patent Document 3), a medium containing a medium chain fatty acid mixture, and a pharmaceutical (Patent Document 4) for inhibiting contamination by E. coli have been reported.

JP-A-6-153812 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-127232 Japanese Patent No. 2723961 Japanese Patent No. 5259905

However, only supplementation with higher fatty acid triglycerides and medium-chain fatty acid triglycerides, or combination with dietary fiber, requires time until livestock vitality is improved, so there is time to infect pathogens and productivity. It becomes difficult to improve the decrease. In addition, the improvement of the biological regulation function and immune function caused by nutritional, rearing management and rearing environmental stress is improved, and if the intestinal mucosa, especially the villus, is not restored, production such as sufficient growth and feed efficiency is achieved. There are problems such as improvement of sex and improvement of diseases such as diarrhea. In addition, a medium-chain fatty acid mixture also has a nutritional supplementation effect and an intestinal Escherichia coli inhibitory effect, but the effects on other harmful bacteria and useful bacteria such as bifidobacteria are not known.

The present invention aims at improving the intestinal environment of animals such as livestock, preventing the occurrence of diseases, and improving the productivity of livestock, paying attention to the above series of matters.

As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have increased useful bacteria among intestinal flora of animals such as livestock, and reduced harmful bacteria. As a result, it has been found that the intestinal environment can be improved, and the occurrence of diseases and reduction in productivity can be prevented, and the present invention has been completed.

That is, the present invention is an animal intestinal useful bacteria increasing agent containing at least one fatty acid selected from the group consisting of caprylic acid, capric acid and lauric acid or a salt thereof.
Further, the present invention is a method for improving the intestinal environment of livestock, characterized in that a feed containing 0.1 to 2% by weight of the animal enteric useful bacteria increasing agent of the present invention is fed to livestock.

A large number of bacterial groups exist in the intestinal tract of animals to form an intestinal flora. The animal intestinal useful bacteria increasing agent of the present invention increases the useful bacteria among the intestinal bacterial flora of animals such as livestock, and lowers harmful bacteria to make the animal's intestinal environment a dominant bacterial flora predominantly useful bacteria. Can improve the productivity, prevent the occurrence of diseases, and improve the productivity. In addition, caprylic acid, capric acid, and lauric acid, which are the main components, are essentially substances that have extremely high absorption rates and metabolic rates, and are also effective in that vitality can be obtained quickly by ingestion.
Further, the method for improving the intestinal environment of livestock of the present invention can improve the intestinal environment of livestock, prevent the occurrence of diseases, and improve the productivity.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The animal intestinal useful bacteria increasing agent of the present invention (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “useful bacteria increasing agent”) is at least one fatty acid selected from the group consisting of caprylic acid, capric acid and lauric acid, or a salt thereof (hereinafter referred to as “the useful bacteria increasing agent”). , Also referred to as “fatty acid etc.”). It is preferable to contain two types of fatty acids or salts selected from the group consisting of caprylic acid, capric acid and lauric acid, and it is particularly preferable to contain these three types of fatty acids or salts.

As the fatty acid salt, calcium salts and magnesium salts of the above-mentioned various fatty acids are preferable because they are essential mineral components for livestock, and these may be used singly or in combination of two. . These fatty acid metal salts are solid at room temperature, and are easy to handle and mix with feed, and in view of their effects on ruminant rumen, these fatty acid metal salts are included in lipids. Is preferred. In particular, it is more preferable to use solid powder or granular fatty acid calcium or fatty acid magnesium.

The useful bacteria increasing agent of the present invention can be applied to livestock such as cattle, pigs, chickens, etc., for example, short-term breeding with high breeding density (head or feather / area), switching to feed with different nutrition and form, heat, Diseases can be prevented by reducing harmful bacteria in the intestines and increasing useful bacteria during periods of various management stresses such as cold, weaning, group movements based on people in the farm, and long-distance transportation of livestock. It is possible to prevent this, maintain feed intake and promote growth, and maintain productivity.

Harmful bacteria that can be reduced by feeding livestock feed containing the useful bacteria increasing agent of the present invention (hereinafter also referred to as livestock feed of the present invention) include, for example, Escherichia Coli, Salmonella genus, Clostridium perfingers, etc. In particular, it has a strong effect on Escherichia Coli and Clostridium f perfingers. Examples of useful bacteria that can be increased by feeding the animal feed of the present invention include bacteria belonging to the genus Lactobacillus genus and Bifidobacterium genus.

The useful bacteria increasing agent of the present invention may contain known additives such as carriers and excipients. The content of the fatty acid or the like in the useful bacterium increasing agent of the present invention is preferably 70% by weight or more, particularly preferably 90% by weight or more, and further preferably 95% by weight or more. If the content is less than 70% by weight, it may be insufficient for improving the intestinal flora of animals, and other components such as long chain fatty acids and minerals will be fed, which is inefficient.

The useful bacteria increasing agent and livestock feed of the present invention can be used as food additives, pharmaceuticals, and also as livestock feed additives.
Livestock feed may contain, for example, corn flour, rice flour, flour such as rice bran, minerals, amino acids, proteins, vitamins, lipids and the like. For example, it may contain ingredients described in the Japan Standard Feed Ingredients Table (2009 edition, edited by the National Agriculture and Food Research Organization).
The form of the useful bacteria increasing agent and livestock feed of the present invention may be any form such as liquid, paste, powder, granule, pellet, etc., and can be prepared by a known method according to the desired form. it can.

In the livestock intestinal environment improving method of the present invention, the useful bacterium increasing agent of the present invention is 0.1 to 2% by weight, preferably 0.10 to 1.5% by weight, particularly preferably 0.5 to 1% by weight. It is characterized by feeding the mixed feed to livestock. If the amount of feed for livestock is less than 0.1% by weight in the feed, the effects of the present invention may not be obtained.
In addition, the feed frequency and the amount of feed containing the useful bacteria increasing agent of the present invention vary depending on the physical properties of the feed, the type of livestock and the body weight (age), etc., and the normal feed frequency and amount of the feed are adopted. can do.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to these unless it exceeds the gist. *

As the livestock feed used in the examples, four types of livestock feeds of caprylic acid Ca, capric acid Ca, lauric acid Ca, caprylic acid / capric acid / lauric acid mixed fatty acid Ca were prepared. “Caprylic acid / capric acid / lauric acid mixed fatty acid Ca” is a calcium salt of a mixed fatty acid composed of caprylic acid: capric acid: lauric acid = 20: 20: 60 (weight ratio). It is a made product. The fatty acid content of livestock feed is shown in Table 1.

[Examples 1 to 5, Comparative Examples 1 to 5]
The feed for livestock shown in Tables 3 and 4 was fed for 3 weeks using 50 Holstein milking cows fed with water and the basic feed shown in Table 2 for each Example and Comparative Example. Feces were sampled 3 weeks after feeding and stored frozen until analysis. Fecal bacteria counts were investigated for Bifidobacterium, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Campylobacter jejumi, and Clostridium perfringens by real-time PCR. Specifically, the number of bacteria is determined by the procedure of 1) extracting DNA from the sample, 2) analyzing the DNA using each PCR method, and 3) quantifying the number of bacteria based on the proportional relationship between the gene amount and the number of bacteria. Asked. And it calculated as a relative value with the number of bacteria before feeding as 1. In addition, nine kinds of bacteria belonging to the genus Lactobacillus in stool, that is, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei-group, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, and Lactobacillus reuteri were detected by multiplex PCR. Furthermore, the incidence of diarrhea during the salary period, milk production, milk fat rate, and milk protein rate after 3 weeks of feeding were investigated. The results of each Example are shown in Table 5, Table 7, Table 9, and Table 10, and the results of each Comparative Example are shown in Table 6, Table 8, Table 9, and Table 10, respectively.

As shown in Table 5, the number of genus Bifidobacterium in the feces of cattle fed with the useful bacteria increasing agent of Examples 1 to 5 according to the present invention increased from 1.02 times to 1.18 times that of non-feeding cattle, Escherichia coli decreased from 0.77 times to 0.16 times, and Clostridium perfringens decreased from 0.89 times to 0.70 times.
On the other hand, as shown in Table 6, in Comparative Examples 1 to 5, there was no significant increase or decrease in Bifidobacterium genus and Escherichia coli, and Clostridium perfringens increased up to 1.22 times. In Examples 1 to 5, the number of Salmonella spp. Was not significantly changed from 0.98 times to 0.93 times, and Campylobacter jejumi was slightly increased from 1.13 times to 1.16 times, whereas Comparative Example 1 From 5 to 5, Salmonella genus was 1.01 to 1.10 times, and Campylobacter jejumi was 1.17 to 1.26 times, indicating that the increase in the number of both bacteria was suppressed in the Examples.

As shown in Table 7, the proportions of Lactobacillus genus detected in Examples 1 to 5 were 20% to 40% for L. Casei-group and 40% to 60% for L. gasseri.
On the other hand, as shown in Table 8, in Comparative Examples 1 to 5, no individual was detected in any bacteria.

As shown in Table 9, the incidence of diarrhea in Examples 1 to 5 was 0 to 20%.
On the other hand, the incidence of diarrhea was higher in Comparative Examples 1-5 than in Examples 1-5, 40-80%.

As shown in Table 10, in Examples 1 to 5, milk production was as high as 37 to 39 kg / day.
In contrast, in Comparative Examples 1 to 5, the milk production was 33 to 35 kg / day, which was lower than in Examples 1 to 5.

[Examples 6 to 10, Comparative Examples 6 to 10]
Using 50 LWD castrated pigs fed with water and the basic feed shown in Table 11 for each of the Examples and Comparative Examples, the livestock feed shown in Tables 12 and 13 was fed for 2 weeks. did. Feces were sampled 2 weeks after feeding and stored frozen until analysis. The number of bacteria in the feces was determined by real-time PCR using the genera Bifidobacterium, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Campylobacter jejumi., Clostridium perfringens.
Was investigated. Specifically, the number of bacteria is determined by the procedure of 1) extracting DNA from the sample, 2) analyzing the DNA using each PCR method, and 3) quantifying the number of bacteria based on the proportional relationship between the gene amount and the number of bacteria. Asked. Then, it was calculated as a relative value with the number of swine bacteria before feeding as 1. In addition, nine kinds of bacteria belonging to the genus Lactobacillus in stool, that is, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei-group, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, and Lactobacillus reuteri were detected by multiplex PCR. Furthermore, the feed efficiency was calculated from the incidence of diarrhea during the feeding period, the feed intake and the body weight for 2 weeks of feeding. The results of each example are shown in Table 14, Table 16, Table 18, and Table 19, and the results of each comparative example are shown in Table 15, Table 17, Table 18, and Table 19, respectively.

As shown in Table 14, in Examples 6 to 10, the fecal Bifidobacterium genus increased 1.16 to 1.35 times, Escherichia coli 0.79 to 0.26 times, and Salmonella genus 0. It decreased from 84 times to 0.21 times, Campylobacter jejumi from 0.88 times to 0.60 times, and Clostridium pefringens from 0.89 times to 0.66 times.
On the other hand, as shown in Table 15, in Comparative Examples 6 to 10, the Biffidobacterium genus was not significantly changed from 0.93 to 1.00 times, and Escherichia Coli was from 1.00 times to 1.11 times. Salmonella genus increased 1.05 to 1.16 times, Campylobacter jejumi 1.15 to 1.27 times, and Clostridium perfringens 1.08 to 1.29 times.

As shown in Table 16, the ratio (detection rate) of the number of Lactobacillus species in the feces of Examples 6 to 10 was 40% to 60% for L. acidophilus, 20% to 80% for L. delbrueckii, and L. delbrueckii. Gasseri was 60% to 80%, and L. rhamnosus was 40% to 60%.
On the other hand, as shown in Table 17, in Comparative Examples 6 to 10, L. acidophilus was 0% to 20%, L. delbrueckii was 0% to 20%, L. gasseri was 0% to 20%, L. rhamnosus The detection rate was as low as 0% to 20%, and other bacteria were not detected.

As shown in Table 18, the incidence of diarrhea in Examples 6 to 10 was 0 to 20%.
On the other hand, the incidence of diarrhea was higher in Comparative Examples 6 to 10 than in Examples 6 to 10, which was 40 to 80%.

As shown in Table 19, the feed efficiency of Examples 6 to 10 was as high as 0.81 to 0.84.
On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 6 to 10, the feed efficiency was 0.77 to 0.79, which was lower than that of Examples 6 to 10.

[Examples 11 to 15, Comparative Examples 11 to 15]
Feeding the livestock feeds shown in Table 21 and Table 22 for 5 weeks using 100 three-week-old broiler chickens fed with water and the basic feed shown in Table 20 for each Example and Comparative Example did. Feces were sampled from 5 birds in each ward 2 weeks after feeding and stored frozen until analysis. Fecal bacteria count was investigated for Bifidobacterium genus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella genus, Campylobacter jejumi., And Clostridium perfringens by real-time PCR. Specifically, the number of bacteria is determined by the procedure of 1) extracting DNA from the sample, 2) analyzing the DNA using each PCR method, and 3) quantifying the number of bacteria based on the proportional relationship between the gene amount and the number of bacteria. Asked. And it calculated as a relative value by setting the number of broiler bacteria before feeding to 1. In addition, nine kinds of bacteria belonging to the genus Lactobacillus in stool, that is, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei-group, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, and Lactobacillus reuteri were detected by multiplex PCR. In addition, the growth rate after 5 weeks of salary was investigated. The results of each example are shown in Table 23, Table 25, and Table 27, and the results of each comparative example are shown in Table 24, Table 26, and Table 27, respectively.

As shown in Table 23, in Examples 11 to 15, the fecal Bifidobacterium genus increased 1.16 to 1.31 times, Escherichia coli 0.77 to 0.40 times, and Salmonella genus 0. 68 times to 0.23 times, Campylobacter jejumi decreased to 0.80 times to 0.63 times, and Clostridium pefringens decreased to 0.85 times to 0.64 times.
On the other hand, as shown in Table 24, in the case of Comparative Examples 11 to 15, the Biffidobacterium genus was not significantly changed from 0.98 to 1.01 times, and Escherichia Coli was from 0.99 times to 1.11 times. Salmonella genus was 1.04 to 1.11 times, Campylobacter jejumi was 1.00 to 1.16 times, and Clostridium perfringens was 0.99 to 1.10 times.

As shown in Table 25, the ratio (detection rate) of the number of detected genus Lactobacillus in Examples 11 to 15 was 40% to 60% for L. acidophilus, 40% to 60% for L. delbrueckii, and L Gasseri was detected from 40% to 80% and L. rhamnosus was detected from 40% to 80%.
On the other hand, as shown in Table 26, in Comparative Examples 11 to 15, L. delbrueckii was 0% to 20%, L. gasseri was 0% to 20%, and the detection rate was low, and other bacteria were detected. There wasn't.

As shown in Table 27, the growth rate of Examples 11 to 15 was 99 to 100%.
In contrast, in Comparative Examples 11 to 15, the growth rate was 95 to 97%, which was lower than those in Examples 11 to 15.

The animal intestinal useful bacteria increasing agent of the present invention can improve the intestinal environment of the animal by increasing useful bacteria existing in the intestine of the animal and reducing harmful bacteria. It can be used as a pharmaceutical or as an additive for livestock feed. In particular, by feeding a livestock feed containing a specific amount of the animal intestinal useful bacteria increasing agent of the present invention, increasing the useful bacteria in the intestinal flora of livestock and reducing harmful bacteria It is possible to improve the intestinal environment of livestock, thereby preventing the occurrence of diseases and improving the productivity of livestock.

Claims

An animal intestinal useful bacteria increasing agent containing at least one fatty acid selected from the group consisting of caprylic acid, capric acid and lauric acid or a salt thereof.
The animal intestinal useful bacteria increasing agent according to claim 1, wherein the fatty acid salt is a calcium salt.
3. The animal enteric useful bacteria increasing agent according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the enteric useful bacteria belong to the genus Bifidobacterium.
A method for improving the intestinal environment of livestock, comprising feeding a livestock containing 0.1 to 2% by weight of the animal intestinal useful bacteria increasing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3.