WO2016123874A1 - 摄像头的感光芯片和摄像头 - Google Patents

摄像头的感光芯片和摄像头 Download PDF

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WO2016123874A1
WO2016123874A1 PCT/CN2015/077994 CN2015077994W WO2016123874A1 WO 2016123874 A1 WO2016123874 A1 WO 2016123874A1 CN 2015077994 W CN2015077994 W CN 2015077994W WO 2016123874 A1 WO2016123874 A1 WO 2016123874A1
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white balance
photosensitive
region
photosensitive chip
pixel
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French (fr)
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张腾飞
冯汝斌
刘伟
秦佳
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Yulong Computer Telecommunication Scientific Shenzhen Co Ltd
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Yulong Computer Telecommunication Scientific Shenzhen Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/80—Camera processing pipelines; Components thereof
    • H04N23/84—Camera processing pipelines; Components thereof for processing colour signals
    • H04N23/88—Camera processing pipelines; Components thereof for processing colour signals for colour balance, e.g. white-balance circuits or colour temperature control

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  • the present invention relates to the field of camera technology, and in particular to a sensor chip of a camera and a camera.
  • the solution in the prior art can be called a passive white balance mode, that is, the chip itself does not have an automatic correction function, and the color temperature of the object must be judged by the color information of the object, and then the white balance mode is set according to the ambient color temperature.
  • the invention is based on at least one of the above technical problems, and proposes a new sensor chip of the camera, which can accurately acquire the color temperature in the shooting environment, removes the limitation of the white object in the shooting environment, and realizes the camera. Automatic white balance adjustment helps to enhance the user's shooting experience.
  • the present invention provides a sensor chip of a camera, which can be divided into An image sensing area, a non-image sensing area and a non-light sensing area, the photosensitive chip comprising: a white balance pixel; a color filter disposed on the white balance pixel for limiting a specified color component of the white balance pixel to white light Performing sensing; a reflecting plate or a refracting plate, the white balance pixel and the reflecting plate or refracting plate forming an automatic white balance area for receiving light passing through the reflecting plate or passing the refracting The light refracted by the plate is judged by the ambient color temperature, and the automatic white balance region is disposed in at least one non-image sensing area of the photosensitive chip.
  • the white balance pixel can collect the light in the light emitted by the reflector or the light in the light refracted by the refracting plate.
  • the color components (such as the red component and the blue component) can accurately analyze the color temperature in the environment to switch to the corresponding white balance mode, realizing the automatic white balance adjustment of the photosensitive chip, ensuring accurate restoration of the object to be photographed.
  • the color helps to enhance the user's shooting experience.
  • since it is automatically adjusted by the sensor chip it is also possible to release the restriction that a white object must be present in the shooting environment.
  • the photosensitive chip when the photosensitive chip includes the reflective plate, the photosensitive chip is provided with a groove for accommodating the reflective plate, and the white balance pixel is side by side and side of the reflective plate Positioned to receive light reflected by the reflector.
  • the reflecting plate is a diffuse reflecting plate.
  • the white balance pixel is placed in a forward direction, and the white balance pixel is disposed under the refracting plate to receive the The light refracted by the refracting plate.
  • one of the color filters is disposed on each of the white balance pixels.
  • a red color filter is disposed on a predetermined number of white balance pixels in the white balance pixels in the at least one non-image-sensing photosensitive region, and a blue color filter is disposed on the other white balance pixels.
  • the white balance pixel In order to be able to determine the ambient color temperature, it is necessary to calculate the ratio of the red component to the blue component (R/B), that is, the white balance pixel is required to collect at least the red component and the blue component in the light, and therefore, the non-imaging photosensitive region
  • the upper part of the white balance pixel needs to be set with a red color filter, and the other part needs to be set. Set the blue filter.
  • the red color filter and the blue color filter on the white balance pixel in the non-image sensing area are arranged in various ways, and several of the following are listed:
  • the color filter disposed on the white balance pixel in each of the non-image sensing areas is disposed at intervals of a red color filter and a blue color filter.
  • an automatic white balance area may be set only in one non-image sensing area, or an automatic white balance area may be set in a plurality of non-image sensing areas, and a color filter on a white balance pixel in each non-image sensing area. Set in red and blue intervals.
  • the color filter disposed on the white balance pixels in each of the non-image-sensitive photosensitive regions is arranged with a red color filter and a blue color filter spaced apart from each other.
  • an automatic white balance area may be set only in one non-image sensing area, or an automatic white balance area may be set in a plurality of non-image sensing areas, and a color filter on a white balance pixel in each non-image sensing area.
  • the red and blue rows are arranged at intervals, that is, at least two rows of white balance pixels are disposed in each non-image sensing zone.
  • the automatic white balance region is disposed in the plurality of non-image sensing regions of the photosensitive chip, and the color filters disposed on the white balance pixels in each of the non-image sensing regions are the same color.
  • the color filters disposed on the white balance pixels in each of the non-image-sensing photosensitive regions are of the same color, but an automatic white balance region is required to be disposed in at least two non-image-sensitive photosensitive regions, preferably, in a non-imaging photosensitive region.
  • a red color filter is disposed on the white balance pixel in the area, and a blue color filter is disposed on the white balance pixel in the other non-image sensing area.
  • the area where the pixel for imaging provided on the photosensitive chip is located is the imaging photosensitive area, and the light emitted by the lens of the camera is projected in the area on the photosensitive chip.
  • a region other than the image-forming photosensitive region is the non-image-sensitive photosensitive region, and a region of the photosensitive chip other than the image-forming photosensitive region and the non-image-sensitive photosensitive region is the non-photosensitive region.
  • a camera comprising a photosensitive chip, which may be divided into an imaging photosensitive region, a non-imaging photosensitive region and a non-photosensitive region, the photosensitive chip, include:
  • a color filter disposed on the white balance pixel for limiting the white balance pixel to inducing a specified color component in white light
  • the white balance pixel and the reflective plate or the refracting plate constitute an auto white balance region
  • the white balance pixel is configured to receive light emitted by the reflective plate or refracted through the refracting plate The light is determined by determining the ambient color temperature, and the automatic white balance region is disposed in at least one of the non-image sensing regions of the photosensitive chip.
  • the photosensitive chip when the photosensitive chip includes the reflective plate, the photosensitive chip is provided with a groove for accommodating the reflective plate, and the white balance pixel is side by side and side of the reflective plate Positioned to receive light reflected by the reflecting plate; the reflecting plate is a diffuse reflecting plate.
  • the white balance pixel is placed in a forward direction, and the white balance pixel is disposed under the refracting plate to receive the The light refracted by the refracting plate.
  • one of the color filters is disposed on each of the white balance pixels.
  • a red color filter is disposed on a predetermined number of white balance pixels in the white balance pixels in the at least one non-image-sensing photosensitive region, and a blue color filter is disposed on the other white balance pixels.
  • the color filter disposed on the white balance pixel in each of the non-imaging photosensitive regions is disposed at intervals of a red color filter and a blue color filter.
  • the color filter disposed on the white balance pixel in each of the non-imaging photosensitive regions is arranged in a row with a red color filter and a blue color filter.
  • the plurality of non-image sensing regions of the photosensitive chip are provided with the automatic white balance region, and the color filters disposed on the white balance pixels in each of the non-image sensing regions are the same color.
  • the area where the pixel for imaging is disposed on the photosensitive chip is the imaging photosensitive area, and the light emitted by the lens of the camera is projected on the a region other than the image-forming photosensitive region in the region on the photosensitive chip is the non-image-sensitive photosensitive region, and a region other than the image-forming photosensitive region and the non-image-sensitive photosensitive region on the photosensitive chip is the non-photosensitive region .
  • the color temperature in the shooting environment can be accurately obtained, the limitation of the white object must be removed in the shooting environment, and the automatic white balance adjustment of the camera is realized, which is beneficial to improving the user's shooting experience.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a photosensitive chip according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of a reflecting plate and a white balance pixel according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of a refracting plate and a white balance pixel according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of a color filter according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of a color filter according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of a color filter according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic structural view of a camera according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the photosensitive chip 10 of the camera according to the embodiment of the present invention can be divided into an imaging photosensitive region 11 (shaded portion in FIG. 1) and a non-image sensing photosensitive region 12 (four curved shapes in FIG. 1).
  • the photosensitive chip 10 comprising: a white balance pixel 21; a color filter disposed on the white balance pixel 21 for limiting the white balance pixel 21 to white light The specific color component is sensed; the reflecting plate 22 or the refracting plate 23, the white balance pixel 21 and the reflecting plate 22 or the refracting plate 23 constitute an automatic white balance region 20 for receiving the passing space
  • the light emitted by the reflecting plate 22 or the light refracted by the refracting plate 23 is used to determine the ambient color temperature, and the automatic white balance region is disposed in at least one of the non-image sensing regions 12 of the photosensitive chip 10.
  • the white balance pixel 21 can be collected to the light emitted from the reflective plate 22 or refracted by the refractive plate 23.
  • the specified color components (such as the red component and the blue component) in the latter light can accurately analyze the color temperature in the environment to switch to the corresponding white balance mode, thereby realizing the automatic white balance adjustment of the photosensitive chip 10, ensuring Being able to accurately represent the color of the subject is beneficial to enhance the user's shooting experience.
  • the automatic adjustment of the photosensitive chip 10 since the automatic adjustment of the photosensitive chip 10 is performed, it is also possible to release the restriction that a white object must be present in the shooting environment.
  • the photosensitive chip 10 when the photosensitive chip 10 includes the reflective plate 22, the photosensitive chip 10 is provided with a groove for accommodating the reflective plate 22, and the white balance pixel 21 and the reflection
  • the plates 22 are placed side by side and laterally to receive the reflected light from the reflector 22.
  • the reflecting plate 22 is a diffuse reflecting plate. By arranging the reflecting plate 22 as a diffuse reflecting plate, after the light passes through the reflecting plate 22, uniform neutral light can be reflected, so that the white balance pixel 21 collects the corresponding color component.
  • the white balance pixel 21 is placed in a forward direction, and the white balance pixel 21 is disposed below the refracting plate 23 to receive The refracting plate 23 refracts the light.
  • each of the white balance pixels 21 is provided with one of the color filters.
  • a predetermined number of white balance pixels in the white balance pixels in the at least one non-image-sensing photosensitive region 12 are provided with a red color filter, and the other white balance pixels are provided with a blue color filter.
  • the white balance pixel In order to be able to determine the ambient color temperature, it is necessary to calculate the ratio of the red component to the blue component (R/B), that is, the white balance pixel is required to collect at least the red component and the blue component in the light, and therefore, the non-imaging photosensitive region A part of the white balance pixel in 12 needs to be set with a red color filter, and another Some need to set a blue filter.
  • the red color filter and the blue color filter on the white balance pixel in the non-image sensing area are arranged in various ways, and several of the following are listed:
  • the color filter disposed on the white balance pixel in each of the non-imaging photosensitive regions 12 is disposed at intervals of a red color filter and a blue color filter.
  • an automatic white balance region may be disposed only in one non-image sensing photosensitive region 12, or an automatic white balance region may be disposed in the plurality of non-image sensing photosensitive regions 12, and white balance pixels in each non-image sensing photosensitive region 11
  • the upper filter is set at intervals of red and blue.
  • the color filter disposed on the white balance pixel in each of the non-image-sensitive photosensitive regions 12 is arranged in a row with a red color filter and a blue color filter.
  • an auto white balance region may be disposed only in one non-image sensing photosensitive region 12, or an auto white balance region may be disposed in the plurality of non-imaging photosensitive regions 12, and white balance pixels in each non-image sensing photosensitive region 12
  • the upper color filter is arranged in red and blue row by row, that is, at least two rows of white balance pixels are disposed in each non-image sensing photosensitive region 12.
  • the automatic white balance region is disposed in the plurality of non-image sensing regions 12 of the photosensitive chip 10, and the color filters disposed on the white balance pixels in each of the non-image sensing regions 12 are the same color. As shown in FIG. 6, a color filter of one color is disposed in the area 1, and a color filter of one color is disposed in the area 2.
  • the color filters disposed on the white balance pixels in each of the non-imaging photosensitive regions 12 are of the same color, but an automatic white balance region is required to be disposed in at least two of the non-image-sensitive photosensitive regions 12, preferably, may be in a non- A red color filter is disposed on the white balance pixel in the imaging photosensitive region 12, and a blue color filter is disposed on the white balance pixel in the other non-image sensing photosensitive region 12.
  • the white balance pixels in the first mode and the third mode can be set.
  • the white balance pixels in the above manner 2 may be disposed in at least two rows; and in the above manner, each row of white balance pixels needs to be set at least two, the mode two and the square At least one of the white balance pixels in Equation 3 can be set.
  • the area of the photosensitive chip 10 on which the pixel for imaging is located is the imaging photosensitive area 11, and the light emitted by the lens of the camera is projected on the photosensitive chip 10.
  • the area other than the image-forming photosensitive region 11 in the region is the non-image-sensitive photosensitive region 12, and the region on the photosensitive chip 10 other than the image-forming photosensitive region 11 and the non-image-sensitive photosensitive region 12 is the non-image Photosensitive area.
  • the white balance pixels can be set with separate switch lines to independently calculate the color information of the white balance.
  • the above technical solution of the present invention can collect the color component information in the white light by setting the automatic white balance region 20, and then can be calculated by the processor built in the photosensitive chip 10 to obtain the ratio of the red component to the blue component in the white light ( R/B), then compare the ratio of red to green (R/B) and the ratio of blue to green (B/G) corresponding to different color temperatures in the database, divide the two to get the R/B value, and directly locate Corresponding color temperature regions, and then select the corresponding white balance mode.
  • the ambient color temperature can be obtained faster and more accurately, and then switched to the corresponding white balance mode, thereby realizing the active white balance correction function of the photosensitive chip.
  • This scheme is suitable for a more complex environment of color information, reduces the amount of calculation of color information, and indirectly reduces the power consumption of the device, and can accurately restore the color of the object, giving the user a better shooting experience.
  • the present invention provides a new sensor chip of the camera, which can accurately acquire the color temperature in the shooting environment, and remove the limitation of the white object in the shooting environment.
  • the camera's automatic white balance adjustment helps to enhance the user's shooting experience.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic structural view of a camera according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the camera 7 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a photosensitive chip, which may be divided into an imaging photosensitive area, a non-imaging photosensitive area, and a non-photosensitive area, and the photosensitive chip includes:
  • a color filter disposed on the white balance pixel for limiting the white balance pixel to inducing a specified color component in white light
  • the white balance pixel and the reflecting plate or the refracting plate constituting an automatic white balance region, wherein the white balance pixel is configured to receive light emitted through the reflecting plate or pass through The light refracted by the refracting plate determines the ambient color temperature, and the automatic white balance region is disposed in at least one non-image sensing region of the photosensitive chip.
  • the photosensitive chip when the photosensitive chip includes the reflective plate, the photosensitive chip is provided with a groove for accommodating the reflective plate, and the white balance pixel is side by side and side of the reflective plate Positioned to receive light reflected by the reflecting plate; the reflecting plate is a diffuse reflecting plate.
  • the white balance pixel is placed in a forward direction, and the white balance pixel is disposed under the refracting plate to receive the The light refracted by the refracting plate.
  • one of the color filters is disposed on each of the white balance pixels.
  • a red color filter is disposed on a predetermined number of white balance pixels in the white balance pixels in the at least one non-image-sensing photosensitive region, and a blue color filter is disposed on the other white balance pixels.
  • the color filter disposed on the white balance pixel in each of the non-imaging photosensitive regions is disposed at intervals of a red color filter and a blue color filter.
  • the color filter disposed on the white balance pixel in each of the non-imaging photosensitive regions is arranged in a row with a red color filter and a blue color filter.
  • the plurality of non-image sensing regions of the photosensitive chip are provided with the automatic white balance region, and the color filters disposed on the white balance pixels in each of the non-image sensing regions are the same color.
  • the area where the pixel for imaging is disposed on the photosensitive chip is the imaging photosensitive area, and the light emitted by the lens of the camera 7 is projected on the photosensitive chip.
  • the area other than the image-forming photosensitive region is the non-image-sensitive photosensitive region, and the region on the photosensitive chip other than the image-forming photosensitive region and the non-image-sensitive photosensitive region is the non-photosensitive region.

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Abstract

一种摄像头的感光芯片（10）和摄像头（7），其中，所述感光芯片（10）可划分为成像感光区（11）、非成像感光区（12）和非感光区（13），所述感光芯片（10）包括：白平衡像素（21）；滤色镜，设置在所述白平衡像素（21）上，用于限制所述白平衡像素（21）对白光中的指定色彩分量进行感应；反射板（22）或折射板（23），所述白平衡像素（21）与所述反射板（22）或折射板（23）构成自动白平衡区域（20），所述白平衡像素（21）用于接收经过所述反射板（22）发射后的光线或经过所述折射板（23）折射后的光线，以对环境色温进行判断，所述感光芯片（10）的至少一个非成像感光区（12）内设置有所述自动白平衡区域（20）。上述感光芯片（10）能够准确地获取到拍摄环境中的色温，解除了拍摄环境中必须有白色物体的限制，实现了摄像头的自动白平衡调节，有利于提升用户的拍摄体验。

Description

摄像头的感光芯片和摄像头
本申请要求于2015年2月3日提交中国专利局、申请号为201510055918.0，发明名称为“摄像头的感光芯片和摄像头”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及摄像头技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种摄像头的感光芯片和一种摄像头。
背景技术
目前，所有的相机、手机等具有摄像功能的设备都是通过被摄像物体对光线的反射来计算R(Red，红色)、B(Blue，蓝色)、G(Green，绿色)三个色彩通道的比值，进而通过查表来设定不同的白平衡(White Balance，白平衡)模式。
现有技术方案中的关键条件在于被摄物体中必须有白色物体或是R、B、G三种色彩比例为1:1:1的灰度色彩，对拍摄环境的要求很高，如果拍摄环境中没有此类色彩，那么摄像头的自动白平衡就会有偏差，导致所拍摄物体的颜色不准确。
可见，现有技术中的方案可以称为被动白平衡模式，即芯片本身没有自动校正功能，必须要通过被摄物体的色彩信息来判断环境色温，再根据环境色温设定白平衡模式。
因此，如何能够准确地获取到拍摄环境中的色温，解除拍摄环境中必须有白色物体的限制，实现摄像头的自动白平衡调节成为亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明正是基于上述技术问题至少之一，提出了一种新的摄像头的感光芯片，能够准确地获取到拍摄环境中的色温，解除了拍摄环境中必须有白色物体的限制，实现了摄像头的自动白平衡调节，有利于提升用户的拍摄体验。
有鉴于此，本发明提出了一种摄像头的感光芯片，所述感光芯片可划分为 成像感光区、非成像感光区和非感光区，所述感光芯片，包括：白平衡像素；滤色镜，设置在所述白平衡像素上，用于限制所述白平衡像素对白光中的指定色彩分量进行感应；反射板或折射板，所述白平衡像素与所述反射板或折射板构成自动白平衡区域，所述白平衡像素用于接收经过所述反射板发射后的光线或经过所述折射板折射后的光线，以对环境色温进行判断，所述感光芯片的至少一个非成像感光区内设置有所述自动白平衡区域。
在该技术方案中，通过在非成像感光区设置自动白平衡区域，并在白平衡像素上设置滤色镜，使得白平衡像素能够采集到反射板发射后的光线或折射板折射后的光线中的指定色彩分量(如红色分量和蓝色分量)，进而能够准确分析出环境中的色温，以切换至相应的白平衡模式，实现了感光芯片的自动白平衡调节，确保了能够准确地还原被拍摄物体的色彩，有利于提升用户的拍摄体验。同时，由于是通过感光芯片的自动调节，因此也能够解除拍摄环境中必须有白色物体的限制。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，在所述感光芯片包括所述反射板时，所述感光芯片上开设有容纳所述反射板的凹槽，所述白平衡像素与所述反射板并排且侧向放置，以接收所述反射板反射后的光线。优选地，所述反射板为漫反射板。通过将反射板设置为漫反射板，使得光线经过反射板之后，能够反射出均匀的中性光线，以便于白平衡像素采集相应的色彩分量。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，在所述感光芯片包括所述折射板时，所述白平衡像素正向放置，且所述白平衡像素设置在所述折射板的下方，以接收经过所述折射板折射后的光线。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，每个所述白平衡像素上设置有一个所述滤色镜。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述至少一个非成像感光区内的白平衡像素中预定数量的白平衡像素上设置有红色滤色镜，其他白平衡像素上设置有蓝色滤色镜。
为了能够实现对环境色温的确定，需要计算出红色分量与蓝色分量的比值(R/B)，即需要白平衡像素至少采集到光线中的红色分量和蓝色分量，因此，非成像感光区内的白平衡像素上一部分需要设置红色滤色镜，另一部分需要设 置蓝色滤色镜。
其中，非成像感光区内的白平衡像素上的红色滤色镜和蓝色滤色镜的设置方式有多种，以下列举其中的几种设置方式：
方式一：
每个所述非成像感光区内的白平衡像素上设置的所述滤色镜为红色滤色镜和蓝色滤色镜逐个间隔设置。
在该方式中，可以仅在一个非成像感光区内设置自动白平衡区域，也可以在多个非成像感光区内设置自动白平衡区域，每个非成像感光区内的白平衡像素上的滤色镜采用红蓝逐个间隔设置。
方式二：
每个所述非成像感光区内的白平衡像素上设置的所述滤色镜为红色滤色镜和蓝色滤色镜逐排间隔设置。
在该方式中，可以仅在一个非成像感光区内设置自动白平衡区域，也可以在多个非成像感光区内设置自动白平衡区域，每个非成像感光区内的白平衡像素上的滤色镜采用红蓝逐排间隔设置，即每个非成像感光区内设置至少两排白平衡像素。
方式三：
所述感光芯片的多个非成像感光区内设置有所述自动白平衡区域，每个所述非成像感光区内的白平衡像素上设置的滤色镜颜色相同。
在该方式中，每个非成像感光区内的白平衡像素上设置的滤色镜颜色相同，但是需要在至少两个非成像感光区内的设置自动白平衡区域，优选地，可以在一个非成像感光区内的白平衡像素上设置红色滤色镜，在另一个非成像感光区内的白平衡像素上设置蓝色滤色镜。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述感光芯片上设置的用于成像的像素点所在的区域为所述成像感光区，所述摄像头的镜头发射的光线投射在所述感光芯片上的区域中除所述成像感光区外的区域为所述非成像感光区，所述感光芯片上除所述成像感光区和所述非成像感光区外的区域为所述非感光区。
根据本发明的另一方面，还提出了一种摄像头，包括感光芯片，所述感光芯片可划分为成像感光区、非成像感光区和非感光区，所述感光芯片， 包括：
白平衡像素；
滤色镜，设置在所述白平衡像素上，用于限制所述白平衡像素对白光中的指定色彩分量进行感应；
反射板或折射板，所述白平衡像素与所述反射板或折射板构成自动白平衡区域，所述白平衡像素用于接收经过所述反射板发射后的光线或经过所述折射板折射后的光线，以对环境色温进行判断，所述感光芯片的至少一个非成像感光区内设置有所述自动白平衡区域。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，在所述感光芯片包括所述反射板时，所述感光芯片上开设有容纳所述反射板的凹槽，所述白平衡像素与所述反射板并排且侧向放置，以接收经所述反射板反射后的光线；所述反射板为漫反射板。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，在所述感光芯片包括所述折射板时，所述白平衡像素正向放置，且所述白平衡像素设置在所述折射板的下方，以接收经过所述折射板折射后的光线。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，每个所述白平衡像素上设置有一个所述滤色镜。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述至少一个非成像感光区内的白平衡像素中预定数量的白平衡像素上设置有红色滤色镜，其他白平衡像素上设置有蓝色滤色镜。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，每个所述非成像感光区内的白平衡像素上设置的所述滤色镜为红色滤色镜和蓝色滤色镜逐个间隔设置。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，每个所述非成像感光区内的白平衡像素上设置的所述滤色镜为红色滤色镜和蓝色滤色镜逐排间隔设置。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述感光芯片的多个非成像感光区内设置有所述自动白平衡区域，每个所述非成像感光区内的白平衡像素上设置的滤色镜颜色相同。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述感光芯片上设置的用于成像的像素点所在的区域为所述成像感光区，所述摄像头的镜头发射的光线投射在所述 感光芯片上的区域中除所述成像感光区外的区域为所述非成像感光区，所述感光芯片上除所述成像感光区和所述非成像感光区外的区域为所述非感光区。
通过以上技术方案，能够准确地获取到拍摄环境中的色温，解除了拍摄环境中必须有白色物体的限制，实现了摄像头的自动白平衡调节，有利于提升用户的拍摄体验。
附图说明
图1示出了根据本发明的实施例的感光芯片的结构示意图；
图2示出了根据本发明的实施例的反射板与白平衡像素的设置方式示意图；
图3示出了根据本发明的实施例的折射板与白平衡像素的设置方式示意图；
图4示出了根据本发明的第一个实施例的滤色镜的设置方式示意图；
图5示出了根据本发明的第二个实施例的滤色镜的设置方式示意图；
图6示出了根据本发明的第三个实施例的滤色镜的设置方式示意图；
图7示出了根据本发明的实施例的摄像头的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了能够更清楚地理解本发明的上述目的、特征和优点，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明进行进一步的详细描述。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明，但是，本发明还可以采用其他不同于在此描述的其他方式来实施，因此，本发明的保护范围并不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
如图1至图3所示，根据本发明的实施例的摄像头的感光芯片10可划分为成像感光区11(图1中阴影部分)、非成像感光区12(图1中的四个弧形区域)和非感光区13，所述感光芯片10，包括：白平衡像素21；滤色镜，设置在所述白平衡像素21上，用于限制所述白平衡像素21对白光 中的特定色彩分量进行感应；反射板22或折射板23，所述白平衡像素21与所述反射板22或折射板23构成自动白平衡区域20，所述白平衡像素21用于接收经过所述反射板22发射后的光线或经过所述折射板23折射后的光线，以对环境色温进行判断，所述感光芯片10的至少一个非成像感光区12内设置有所述自动白平衡区域。
在该技术方案中，通过在非成像感光区12设置自动白平衡区域20，并在白平衡像素21上设置滤色镜，使得白平衡像素21能够采集到反射板22发射后的光线或折射板23折射后的光线中的指定色彩分量(如红色分量和蓝色分量)，进而能够准确分析出环境中的色温，以切换至相应的白平衡模式，实现了感光芯片10的自动白平衡调节，确保了能够准确地表现被拍摄物体的色彩，有利于提升用户的拍摄体验。同时，由于是通过感光芯片10的自动调节，因此也能够解除拍摄环境中必须有白色物体的限制。
其中，如图2所示，在所述感光芯片10包括所述反射板22时，所述感光芯片10上开设有容纳所述反射板22的凹槽，所述白平衡像素21与所述反射板22并排且侧向放置，以接收所述反射板22反射后的光线。优选地，所述反射板22为漫反射板。通过将反射板22设置为漫反射板，使得光线经过反射板22之后，能够反射出均匀的中性光线，以便于白平衡像素21采集相应的色彩分量。
如图3所示，在所述感光芯片10包括所述折射板23时，所述白平衡像素21正向放置，且所述白平衡像素21设置在所述折射板23的下方，以接收经过所述折射板23折射后的光线。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，每个所述白平衡像素21上设置有一个所述滤色镜。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述至少一个非成像感光区12内的白平衡像素中预定数量的白平衡像素上设置有红色滤色镜，其他白平衡像素上设置有蓝色滤色镜。
为了能够实现对环境色温的确定，需要计算出红色分量与蓝色分量的比值(R/B)，即需要白平衡像素至少采集到光线中的红色分量和蓝色分量，因此，非成像感光区12内的白平衡像素上一部分需要设置红色滤色镜，另 一部分需要设置蓝色滤色镜。
其中，非成像感光区内的白平衡像素上的红色滤色镜和蓝色滤色镜的设置方式有多种，以下列举其中的几种设置方式：
方式一：
如图4所示，每个所述非成像感光区12内的白平衡像素上设置的所述滤色镜为红色滤色镜和蓝色滤色镜逐个间隔设置。
在该方式中，可以仅在一个非成像感光区12内设置自动白平衡区域，也可以在多个非成像感光区12内设置自动白平衡区域，每个非成像感光区11内的白平衡像素上的滤色镜采用红蓝逐个间隔设置。
方式二：
如图5所示，每个所述非成像感光区12内的白平衡像素上设置的所述滤色镜为红色滤色镜和蓝色滤色镜逐排间隔设置。
在该方式中，可以仅在一个非成像感光区12内设置自动白平衡区域，也可以在多个非成像感光区12内设置自动白平衡区域，每个非成像感光区12内的白平衡像素上的滤色镜采用红蓝逐排间隔设置，即每个非成像感光区12内设置至少两排白平衡像素。
方式三：
所述感光芯片10的多个非成像感光区12内设置有所述自动白平衡区域，每个所述非成像感光区12内的白平衡像素上设置的滤色镜颜色相同。如图6所示，在区域1中设置一种颜色的滤色镜，区域2中设置一种颜色的滤色镜。
在该方式中，每个非成像感光区12内的白平衡像素上设置的滤色镜颜色相同，但是需要在至少两个非成像感光区12内的设置自动白平衡区域，优选地，可以在一个非成像感光区12内的白平衡像素上设置红色滤色镜，在另一个非成像感光区12内的白平衡像素上设置蓝色滤色镜。
以上三种方式中以每个非成像感光区12内设置了两排白平衡像素为例进行了说明，本领域的技术人员需要理解的是，上述方式一和方式三中的白平衡像素可以设置任意排，上述方式二中的白平衡像素可以设置至少两排；并且上述方式一中每排白平衡像素需要设置至少两个，方式二和方 式三中的白平衡像素可以设置至少一个。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述感光芯片10上设置的用于成像的像素点所在的区域为所述成像感光区11，所述摄像头的镜头发射的光线投射在所述感光芯片10上的区域中除所述成像感光区11外的区域为所述非成像感光区12，所述感光芯片10上除所述成像感光区11和所述非成像感光区12外的区域为所述非感光区。
此外，白平衡像素可以设置单独的开关线路，以独立输出计算处白平衡的色彩信息。
本发明的上述技术方案通过设置自动白平衡区域20，可以采集到白光中的色彩分量信息，进而可通过感光芯片10内置的处理器进行计算，以得到白光中红色分量与蓝色分量的比值(R/B)，然后对比数据库中不同色温对应的红色与绿色的比值(R/B)和蓝色与绿色的比值(B/G)，将两者相除得到R/B值，直接定位到相应的色温区域，进而选择对应的白平衡模式。
通过上述技术方案，可以更快、更准地获取环境色温，然后切换到相应的白平衡模式，从而实现感光芯片的主动白平衡校正功能。此方案适用于色彩信息更复杂的环境，减少了色彩信息的计算量，也间接地降低了设备的功耗，同时可以准确地还原被摄物体色彩，给用户更好的拍摄体验。
以上结合附图详细说明了本发明的技术方案，本发明提出了一种新的摄像头的感光芯片，能够准确地获取到拍摄环境中的色温，解除了拍摄环境中必须有白色物体的限制，实现了摄像头的自动白平衡调节，有利于提升用户的拍摄体验。
如图7所示，图7示出了根据本发明的实施例的摄像头的结构示意图。根据本发明的实施例的摄像头7包括感光芯片，所述感光芯片可划分为成像感光区、非成像感光区和非感光区，所述感光芯片，包括：
白平衡像素；
滤色镜，设置在所述白平衡像素上，用于限制所述白平衡像素对白光中的指定色彩分量进行感应；
反射板或折射板，所述白平衡像素与所述反射板或折射板构成自动白平衡区域，所述白平衡像素用于接收经过所述反射板发射后的光线或经过 所述折射板折射后的光线，以对环境色温进行判断，所述感光芯片的至少一个非成像感光区内设置有所述自动白平衡区域。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，在所述感光芯片包括所述反射板时，所述感光芯片上开设有容纳所述反射板的凹槽，所述白平衡像素与所述反射板并排且侧向放置，以接收经所述反射板反射后的光线；所述反射板为漫反射板。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，在所述感光芯片包括所述折射板时，所述白平衡像素正向放置，且所述白平衡像素设置在所述折射板的下方，以接收经过所述折射板折射后的光线。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，每个所述白平衡像素上设置有一个所述滤色镜。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述至少一个非成像感光区内的白平衡像素中预定数量的白平衡像素上设置有红色滤色镜，其他白平衡像素上设置有蓝色滤色镜。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，每个所述非成像感光区内的白平衡像素上设置的所述滤色镜为红色滤色镜和蓝色滤色镜逐个间隔设置。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，每个所述非成像感光区内的白平衡像素上设置的所述滤色镜为红色滤色镜和蓝色滤色镜逐排间隔设置。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述感光芯片的多个非成像感光区内设置有所述自动白平衡区域，每个所述非成像感光区内的白平衡像素上设置的滤色镜颜色相同。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述感光芯片上设置的用于成像的像素点所在的区域为所述成像感光区，所述摄像头7的镜头发射的光线投射在所述感光芯片上的区域中除所述成像感光区外的区域为所述非成像感光区，所述感光芯片上除所述成像感光区和所述非成像感光区外的区域为所述非感光区。以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种摄像头的感光芯片，其特征在于，所述感光芯片可划分为成像感光区、非成像感光区和非感光区，所述感光芯片，包括：
    白平衡像素；
    滤色镜，设置在所述白平衡像素上，用于限制所述白平衡像素对白光中的指定色彩分量进行感应；
    反射板或折射板，所述白平衡像素与所述反射板或折射板构成自动白平衡区域，所述白平衡像素用于接收经过所述反射板发射后的光线或经过所述折射板折射后的光线，以对环境色温进行判断，所述感光芯片的至少一个非成像感光区内设置有所述自动白平衡区域。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的摄像头的感光芯片，其特征在于，在所述感光芯片包括所述反射板时，所述感光芯片上开设有容纳所述反射板的凹槽，所述白平衡像素与所述反射板并排且侧向放置，以接收经所述反射板反射后的光线；所述反射板为漫反射板。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的摄像头的感光芯片，其特征在于，在所述感光芯片包括所述折射板时，所述白平衡像素正向放置，且所述白平衡像素设置在所述折射板的下方，以接收经过所述折射板折射后的光线。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的摄像头的感光芯片，其特征在于，每个所述白平衡像素上设置有一个所述滤色镜。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的摄像头的感光芯片，其特征在于，所述至少一个非成像感光区内的白平衡像素中预定数量的白平衡像素上设置有红色滤色镜，其他白平衡像素上设置有蓝色滤色镜。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的摄像头的感光芯片，其特征在于，每个所述非成像感光区内的白平衡像素上设置的所述滤色镜为红色滤色镜和蓝色滤色镜逐个间隔设置。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的摄像头的感光芯片，其特征在于，每个所述非成像感光区内的白平衡像素上设置的所述滤色镜为红色滤色镜和蓝色滤色镜逐排间隔设置。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的摄像头的感光芯片，其特征在于，所述感光芯片的多个非成像感光区内设置有所述自动白平衡区域，每个所述非成像感光区内的白平衡像素上设置的滤色镜颜色相同。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的摄像头的感光芯片，其特征在于，所述感光芯片上设置的用于成像的像素点所在的区域为所述成像感光区，所述摄像头的镜头发射的光线投射在所述感光芯片上的区域中除所述成像感光区外的区域为所述非成像感光区，所述感光芯片上除所述成像感光区和所述非成像感光区外的区域为所述非感光区。
  10. 一种摄像头，其特征在于，包括感光芯片，所述感光芯片可划分为成像感光区、非成像感光区和非感光区，所述感光芯片，包括：
    白平衡像素；
    滤色镜，设置在所述白平衡像素上，用于限制所述白平衡像素对白光中的指定色彩分量进行感应；
    反射板或折射板，所述白平衡像素与所述反射板或折射板构成自动白平衡区域，所述白平衡像素用于接收经过所述反射板发射后的光线或经过所述折射板折射后的光线，以对环境色温进行判断，所述感光芯片的至少一个非成像感光区内设置有所述自动白平衡区域。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的摄像头，其特征在于，在所述感光芯片包括所述反射板时，所述感光芯片上开设有容纳所述反射板的凹槽，所述白平衡像素与所述反射板并排且侧向放置，以接收经所述反射板反射后的光线；所述反射板为漫反射板。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的摄像头，其特征在于，在所述感光芯片包括所述折射板时，所述白平衡像素正向放置，且所述白平衡像素设置在所述折射板的下方，以接收经过所述折射板折射后的光线。
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的摄像头，其特征在于，每个所述白平衡像素上设置有一个所述滤色镜。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的摄像头，其特征在于，所述至少一个非成像感光区内的白平衡像素中预定数量的白平衡像素上设置有红色滤色镜，其他白平衡像素上设置有蓝色滤色镜。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的摄像头，其特征在于，每个所述非成像感光区内的白平衡像素上设置的所述滤色镜为红色滤色镜和蓝色滤色镜逐个间隔设置。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的摄像头，其特征在于，每个所述非成像感光区内的白平衡像素上设置的所述滤色镜为红色滤色镜和蓝色滤色镜逐排间隔设置。
  17. 根据权利要求14所述的摄像头，其特征在于，所述感光芯片的多个非成像感光区内设置有所述自动白平衡区域，每个所述非成像感光区内的白平衡像素上设置的滤色镜颜色相同。
  18. 根据权利要求10至14中任一项所述的摄像头，其特征在于，所述感光芯片上设置的用于成像的像素点所在的区域为所述成像感光区，所述摄像头的镜头发射的光线投射在所述感光芯片上的区域中除所述成像感光区外的区域为所述非成像感光区，所述感光芯片上除所述成像感光区和所述非成像感光区外的区域为所述非感光区。
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