WO2016122431A1

WO2016122431A1 - Four-die forging device

Info

Publication number: WO2016122431A1
Application number: PCT/UA2015/000043
Authority: WO
Inventors: Дмытро Викторовыч ЛАЗОРКИН; Виктор Андреевич ЛАЗОРКИН; Василий Васильевич НИКИТИН
Original assignee: Дмытро Викторовыч ЛАЗОРКИН
Priority date: 2015-01-28
Filing date: 2015-05-18
Publication date: 2016-08-04
Also published as: UA110899C2; RU2015155267A

Abstract

A four-die forging device is intended for forging ingots and blanks made of various steels and alloys. Dies (5-8) are fastened to corresponding die holders (1-4) by means of clamps (9). On the surfaces of the die holders (1-4) and the faces of the dies (5-8) contiguous therewith there are provided longitudinal grooves (13, 14). In these grooves, and likewise in grooves (15) provided in the clamps (9), there are mounted cylindrical connecting elements (16) such that the longitudinal axes thereof are level with the contiguous die and holder surfaces. In the connecting elements (16) there are cutouts (17), which pass through the longitudinal plane of symmetry, wherein the connecting elements (16) are mounted for rotation about their longitudinal axis and can be fixed in a working position, in which the cutouts (17) are situated in the grooves (13) of the die holders, or in a non-working position, in which the cutouts (17) are situated in the grooves (14) of the dies. This provides the possibility of disconnecting the dies from and connecting the dies to their respective holders without disconnecting the clamps from the die holders.

Description

FOUR-BOIL FORGING DEVICE

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of metal forming, and in particular to fastening systems for strikers in four-flange forging devices, and can be used for forging ingots and billets on forging presses in the engineering and metallurgical industries.

State of the art

A four-sided forging device is known, comprising holders of the upper and lower strikers with inclined planes, kinematically associated holders of the side strikers with inclined planes corresponding to the inclined planes of the holders of the upper and lower strikers, and four strikers attached to the respective holders of the strikers using U-shaped clamps and passing through the holders of the fasteners of fasteners, for example studs (RU 2283718 C2, M1ZH (2006.01) B21J 7/16, 13/04, op. 20.09.2006).

A disadvantage of the known device is that when replacing the strikers before disconnecting them from the holders, you must first remove the clamps from the strikers and holders, after removing the fasteners.

A four-sided forging device is known, comprising holders of the upper and lower strikers with inclined planes, kinematically associated holders of the side strikers with inclined planes corresponding to the inclined planes of the holders of the upper and lower strikers, and four strikers attached to the respective holders of the strikers using U-shaped clamps and passing through the holders of the strikers of the tie rods. In this case, the clamps with their protrusions enter the grooves made in the holders and strikers (RU 2282517 C2, IPC (2006.01) B21J 1/04, 13/00, 7/16, op. 27.08.2006, Fig. 6).

The known forging device provides reliable fastening of the strikers to the holders, however, the disadvantage of the known device is that if it is necessary to replace the strikers, a number of operations are required associated with removing the studs and clamps from the device and their subsequent installation on replacement strikers, which leads to a high laboriousness of the operation replacing strikers and wasting time in the process. In addition, the design of the known device does not provide the ability to simultaneously replace all four strikers at once.

The closest analogue of the claimed device is a four-sided forging device containing holders of the upper and lower strikers with inclined planes, kinematically associated holders of the side strikers with inclined planes corresponding to the inclined planes of the holders of the upper and lower strikers, and four strikers attached to the respective holders of the strikers with using clamps. In this case, grooves are made in the strikers for the entry of the clamps, and in the holders of the side strikers there are recesses for fixing the strikers. The clamps are made with the possibility of attaching to the strikers and disconnecting from them by means of elastic elements, preferably springs, installed in the holes made in the holders of the strikers. At the same time, the clamps are made with the possibility, when disconnected from the strikers, to be held on the connecting elements passing through them - tie rods. The clamps are made with the possibility of entering into the grooves, made in the strikers and holders of the strikers, and the exit from the grooves using the nuts and the indicated springs installed on the studs (UA 102329 C2, IPC (2006.01) B21J 13/08, 7/16, op. 25.06.2013).

In the known forging device, it is possible to disconnect the strikers from the respective holders and attach them without removing the clamps from the device, which to some extent simplifies the process of replacing the strikers, however, a disadvantage of the known device is the need for replacing the strikers to disconnect the clamps from the holders of the strikers and their subsequent connection, why the device has a complex mechanism for disconnecting the clamps from the holders of the strikers and holding them on the connecting elements (studs) when removing yk and attachment of clamps to the holders of the strikers when installing the strikers, which leads to the high complexity of the operation of replacing the strikers and loss of time in the process.

Disclosure of invention

The basis of the invention is the task of improving the four-gang forging device, in which, through structural changes, it is possible to detach the strikers from the respective holders and attach them without disconnecting the clamps from the strikers holders, which simplifies the process of replacing the strikers and, as a result, reduces the time for its implementation As a result, an increase in the productivity of the device is achieved.

The problem is solved in that in a four-side forging device containing holders of the upper and lower strikers with inclined planes, kinematically associated with them holders of the side strikers with inclined planes, corresponding to the inclined planes of the holders of the upper and lower strikers, the four strikers attached to the respective holders of the strikers with the help of clamps, and the connecting elements of a cylindrical shape mounted in grooves made in the clamps and at least the holders of the strikers, the new is that on the surfaces of the holders of the strikers and the end surfaces of the strikers adjacent to them, longitudinal grooves are made in which the connecting elements are mounted so that their longitudinal axes are located at the level of adjacent surface of the strikers and their holders, in the connecting elements there are made recesses passing through the longitudinal planes of symmetry, while the connecting elements are mounted with the possibility of rotation around their longitudinal axis and fixed in the working position, in which their recesses are located in the grooves of the holders of the strikers, and in the idle position at which their recesses are located in the grooves of the strikers.

The problem is also solved by the fact that the recesses are made on the extreme parts of the connecting elements, while the length of the recesses is greater than the length formed by the grooves of the protrusions in the extreme parts of the strikers.

The problem is also solved by the fact that ratchets are used to rotate the connecting elements, the gears of which are mounted on one of the ends of each connecting element, and the spring-loaded dogs on the corresponding clamps.

The problem is also solved by the fact that the ratchet mechanisms are configured to rotate the connecting elements with an eccentricity with respect to their longitudinal axis.

The problem is also solved by the fact that the ratchet mechanisms are made with the possibility of rotation and fixing the connecting elements in a working position in which their recesses are rotated to a position in which the surface of the recesses passing through the plane of symmetry is perpendicular to the protrusions of the strikers formed by the grooves.

The problem is also solved by the fact that in the parts of the connecting elements located in the clamps from the ratchet mechanism, spring-loaded balls are pressed in.

The problem is also solved by the fact that on the inclined planes of the holders of the side strikers installed antifriction plates containing self-lubricating material.

The problem is also solved by the fact that the antifriction plates are made of bronze, on the part of the surface of which graphite is pressed.

Between the totality of the essential features of the claimed invention and the achieved technical result there is the following causal relationship.

Constructive changes, namely:

- the implementation of the longitudinal grooves on the surfaces of the holders of the strikers and adjacent end surfaces of the strikers;

- installation of connecting elements in the specified longitudinal grooves in such a way that their longitudinal axis is located at the level of adjacent surfaces of the strikers and their holders;

- the implementation in the connecting elements passing through the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the recesses;

- installation of connecting elements with the possibility of rotation around their longitudinal axis and fixation in the working position, in which their recesses are located in the grooves of the holders of the strikers, and in the inactive position, in which their recesses are located in the grooves strikers;

in conjunction with the known features of the claimed invention, provides, if it is necessary to replace the strikers, quick detachment of the strikers from the respective holders and their connection without disconnecting the clamps and fasteners from the strikers holders due to the free passage of the strikers through the recesses in the connecting elements when they are inoperative. Thus, unlike the closest analogue, operations to disconnect and remove fasteners and clamps, at the same time from both sides of the holders, and remove them from the working space of the device, and when fixing replacement strikers, the installation of clamps and fasteners are not performed, which leads to a simplification of the process of replacing the strikers and reducing the time to conduct this operation, and this helps to increase the productivity of the device.

In addition, making recesses on the extreme parts of the connecting elements when the length of the recesses is longer than the length of the protrusions formed in the grooves in the extreme parts of the strikers leads to the creation of the most optimal design that ensures such interaction of the connecting elements with the strikers and their holders, in which the central parts of the connecting elements are tightly in contact with the central parts of the corresponding groove surfaces in the strikers and their holders, ensuring reliable fastening of the strikers in the working position, and through recesses In the extreme parts of the connecting elements, the protrusions in the extreme parts of the strikers in the idle position enter easily and enter, formed by the grooves of a shorter length.

Use for turning the connecting elements of ratchet mechanisms, the gears of which are mounted on one of the ends each connecting element, and spring-loaded dogs on the corresponding clamps, provides the opportunity not only to rotate the connecting elements around their longitudinal axis, but also to secure them in working and non-working positions.

The implementation of ratchet mechanisms with the possibility of rotation of the connecting elements with an eccentricity with respect to their longitudinal axis makes it possible to maintain tight contact of the connecting elements with the groove surfaces in the strikers and their holders with increasing groove sizes due to long shock loads and, accordingly, reliable fastening of the strikers in the working position.

Performing ratchet mechanisms with the possibility of turning and fixing the connecting elements in the working position, in which their recesses are rotated to a position where the surface of the recesses passing through the plane of symmetry is perpendicular to the protrusions of the strikers formed by the grooves, provides an emphasis on the extreme, having recesses, parts of the connecting elements in the grooves made not only in the strikers, but also in the holders of the strikers, which also helps to increase the reliability of fastening the strikers during operation of the device.

Pressing the spring-loaded balls in the parts of the connecting elements located in the clamps on the ratchet side helps to prevent axial displacement of the connecting elements during operation and, accordingly, to increase the productivity of the device.

Installation on inclined planes of the holders of the side strikers of antifriction plates made, for example, of bronze and containing self-lubricating material, for example, pressed on a part of the bronze surface, graphite reduces friction between the contacting surfaces of the holders of the upper and lower strikers and antifriction plates, reduces the possibility of scoring on these planes and allows to increase the overhaul life, which also increases the productivity of the device.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The essence of the claimed invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a front view of a four-gang forging device with driven strikers; in FIG. 2 is a front view of a device with diluted strikers and a workpiece installed between them; in FIG. 3 is a section AA in FIG. 2; in FIG. 4 is a section CC of FIG. 3; in FIG. 5 is a section BB of FIG. 3; in FIG. 6 is a section G-G in FIG. 3; in FIG. 7 - remote element D in FIG. 2; in FIG. 8 - remote element E in FIG. 1 with the idle position of the connecting elements; in FIG. 9 - remote element E in FIG. 1 with the working position of the connecting elements; in FIG. 10 is a sectional view F-F in FIG. four.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

The four-side forging device (Fig. 1, 2) contains the holder 1 of the upper striker and the holder 2 of the lower striker, with inclined planes, kinematically associated holders 3, 4 of the side strikers with inclined planes corresponding to the inclined planes of the holders of the upper and lower strikers, and four the striker 5-8 attached to the respective holders of the strikers with the help of clamps 9 and fasteners 10 (Fig. 3).

In addition, to ensure centering of the strikers relative to the holders, pins 1 1 (Fig. 3) or dowels (not shown) are tapered into the holders of the lower and upper strikers openings, and in the corresponding places of the lower and upper strikers holes are made. In the recesses of the holders of the side strikers, transverse keys 12 are made, and in the corresponding places of the side strikers, grooves are made over the entire width of the strikers (shown by a dotted line) (Fig. 8, 9).

On the surfaces of the holders 1-4 of the strikers and adjacent end surfaces of the strikers 5-8 (Fig. 2), longitudinal grooves 13, 14 (Fig. 6) are made. In these grooves, as well as in the grooves 15 made in the clamps 9 (Fig. 3), connecting elements 16 are installed, for example steel cylindrical rods, so that their longitudinal axes are located at the level of adjacent surfaces of the strikers and their holders (Fig. 5 , 6). The recesses 17 are formed in the connecting elements through the longitudinal planes of symmetry, while the connecting elements 16 are mounted to rotate around their longitudinal axis and lock in the idle position, in which the recesses 17 are located in the grooves 14 of the strikers (Fig. 8), and in the working position , in which the recesses 17 are located in the grooves 13 of the holders of the strikers (Fig. 6, 9).

The recesses 17 can be made on the extreme parts of the connecting elements 16, while the length of the recesses is greater than the length formed by the grooves 13 of the protrusions 18 in the extreme parts of the strikers (Fig. 3-6).

To rotate the connecting elements 16, ratchet mechanisms can be used, the gears 19 of which are mounted on one of the ends of each connecting element protruding outward through the grooves 15 in the clamps 9, and the dogs 20 with the springs 21 are mounted on the axles 22 mounted on the corresponding clamps 9 ( Fig. 3, 7). Also ratchet the mechanisms are equipped with tetrahedral wrenches 23 with an internal hole of square cross section, which are mounted on a protrusion 24 of square cross section made to coaxially with it (Fig. 4, 7).

Ratchet mechanisms can be configured to rotate the connecting elements 16 with an eccentricity (indicated by e in the drawings) with respect to their longitudinal axis (Fig. 6-8), for which the gears 19 are mounted at the ends of the connecting elements so that their axes are offset in relation to the longitudinal axes of the connecting elements by the amount of eccentricity. With a diameter of the connecting elements 600 mm, the eccentricity e is 8-10 mm.

Ratchet mechanisms can be made with the possibility of rotation and fixing of the connecting elements 16 in the working position, in which their recesses 17 are rotated to a position where the surface of the recesses 17 passing through the plane of symmetry is perpendicular to the protrusions 18 formed in the grooves 13 in the strikers (Fig. 6), for whereby the dimensions of the teeth of the gear wheel 19 of the ratchet mechanism are calculated in such a way that at least one step of the ratchet mechanism rotates the recesses preferably 15 ° clockwise or counterclockwise in the head depending on the location of the connecting elements 16.

To prevent axial displacement in the parts of the connecting elements 16 located in the clamps 9 from the ratchet side, spring-loaded balls 25 can be pressed in (Fig. 10).

To reduce friction on the inclined planes of the holders 3, 4 of the side strikers (Fig. 1) antifriction can be installed plates (not shown in the drawings) containing self-lubricating material. Antifriction plates can be made of bronze, on the surface of which graphite is pressed.

Four-sided forging device operates as follows.

Before starting work, the lower firing pin 5 and the upper firing pin 7 are installed on the pins 11 or dowels, and the side firing pin 6, 8 - on the dowels 12 (1-10. In the grooves 15 made in the clamps 9, as well as in the grooves 13, 14 made on the surfaces of the holders 1-4 of the strikers and the adjacent end surfaces of the strikers 5-8, set the connecting elements 16, so that the recesses 17 are located in the grooves 14 of the holders of the strikers, providing a working position in which the protrusions 18 of the strikers abut against the connecting elements 16 After this, the strikers are attached to the corresponding STUDIO strikers by fixing clamps 9 on the supports of the strikers by fasteners 10 and pressing them to the strikers, and on both sides of the device. At one end of each connecting member 16, leaving the clamp 9 and clamp mounted on the ratchet.

When the press stroke is switched on, the movable traverse moves down together with the holder 1 of the upper striker, which transfers the movement to the holders 3, 4 of the side strikers, which move towards the workpiece together with the side strikers 6, 8, compressing it simultaneously with the upper striker 7 and the lower striker 5. After crimping the workpiece, the movable crosshead of the press moves upward, revealing the device.

If it is necessary to replace the strikers, the tetrahedral key 23 is installed on the protrusion 24 on the gear wheel 19 of the ratchet mechanism and press on the protrusion on the dog 20 until the spring 21 deviates so much that the dog 20 disengages, turning on the axis 22. Thus, the connecting elements 16 are rotated stepwise around their longitudinal axis to their inoperative position, in which the recesses 17 will fully enter the grooves of 13 strikers. In this position, the protrusions 18 of the strikers freely pass through the recesses 17 in the connecting elements 16, and the strikers are disconnected from the respective holders without the need to disconnect the clamps 9.

When installing on the holders of replacement strikers in which the same grooves are made, the protrusions 18 of the strikers also freely pass through the recesses 17 in the connecting elements 16, and the strikers are also attached to the respective holders without disconnecting the clamps 9.

Thus, by simplifying and accelerating the operation of replacing the strikers, an increase in the performance of the four-striking forging device is provided.

Claims

FORMULA

1. Four-sided forging device comprising holders (1, 2) of the upper and lower strikers with inclined planes, kinematically associated holders (3, 4) of the side strikers with inclined planes corresponding to the inclined planes of the holders (1, 2) of the upper and lower strikers , four strikers (5-8), attached to the respective holders (1, 4) of the strikers using clamps (9), and connecting elements (16) of a cylindrical shape, mounted in grooves (13-15), made in clamps (9) and at least holders (1-4) of the strikers, characterized in that on the surfaces of the holders (1-4) of the strikers and adjacent end surfaces of the strikers (5-8), longitudinal grooves (13, 14) are made in which the connecting elements (16) are installed so that their longitudinal axes are located at a level adjacent surfaces of the strikers (5-8) and their holders (1-4), in the connecting elements (16), recesses (17) passing through the longitudinal plane of symmetry are made, while the connecting elements (16) are mounted to rotate around their longitudinal axis and fixation in the working position, in which their recesses (17) races olozheny in grooves (13) of the holders of the strikers, and in the inoperative position, in which their recesses (17) are disposed in grooves (14) of the strikers.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the recesses (17) are made on the extreme parts of the connecting elements (16), while the length of the recesses (17) is greater than the length of the protrusions (18) formed by the grooves (13) in the extreme parts of the strikers (5) -8).

3. The device according to p. 1 or 2, characterized in that for rotation of the connecting elements (16), ratchet mechanisms are used, the gears (19) of which are mounted on one of the ends of each connecting element (16), and the spring-loaded dogs (20) are mounted on the corresponding clamps (9).

4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the ratchet mechanisms are arranged to rotate the connecting elements (16) with an eccentricity (e) with respect to their longitudinal axis.

5. The device according to p. 3 or 4, characterized in that the ratchet mechanisms are made to rotate and fix the connecting elements (16) in the working position, in which their recesses (17) are rotated to a position where the surface of the recesses passing through the symmetry plane (17) perpendicular to the grooves formed by the grooves (13) of the protrusions (18) of the strikers.

6. The device according to any one of paragraphs. 3-5, characterized in that in the parts of the connecting elements (16) located in the clamps (9) from the ratchet mechanism, spring-loaded balls (25) are pressed in.

7. The device according to any one of paragraphs. 1-6, characterized in that on the inclined planes of the holders (3, 4) of the side strikers installed antifriction plates containing self-lubricating material.

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the antifriction plates are made of bronze, on the part of the surface of which graphite is pressed.