CN114165543A

CN114165543A - Novel ratchet wheel type automobile brake adjusting arm device

Info

Publication number: CN114165543A
Application number: CN202210024608.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 戎华庆; 戎正甲
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-01-11
Filing date: 2022-01-11
Publication date: 2022-03-11

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel ratchet wheel type automobile brake adjusting arm device, which comprises an adjusting arm shell, a ratchet wheel, a ratchet block, an adjusting hexagonal cap, adjusting two-part gear teeth, an impact shaft and an impact hole, wherein the adjusting hexagonal cap is rotated clockwise, the adjusting two-part gear teeth drive the ratchet wheel to rotate, the ratchet block is upwards pushed open, the teeth jump one by one, a cam shaft starts to rotate towards the braking direction, a brake shoe and a brake drum form braking, the ratchet wheel and the ratchet block are locked at the moment, when a debugging worker strikes the impact shaft with a hammer, the head of the impact shaft quickly pushes the ratchet block upwards along an impact oblique angle, meanwhile, the ratchet on the ratchet block is separated from the ratchet wheel to generate jumping teeth, the cam shaft reversely rotates one tooth, and the braking gap between a brake friction plate and the brake drum is 0.5 mm, and a ratchet wheel type technical device is adopted: the adjusting arm cannot fall loose, the ratchets are stressed by multiple teeth, the service life is long, impact is caused, rapid braking and rapid return can be realized, and the sensitivity, reliability and safety in a braking system are further improved.

Description

Novel ratchet wheel type automobile brake adjusting arm device

Technical Field

The invention belongs to an automobile brake system, and belongs to the technical field of brake drum type brake clearance adjusting arms: a novel ratchet wheel type automobile brake adjusting arm device.

Background

In the existing brake drum type braking system for large automobiles, buses and freight heavy trucks, the main function of the adjusting arm is to transmit the braking thrust generated by a brake cylinder to a cam shaft, the cam shaft rotates to open an upper brake shoe and a lower brake shoe, friction plates on the two brake shoes generate braking friction with a brake drum so as to ensure that the automobiles are decelerated and stopped in time, meanwhile, the adjusting arm needs to adjust the standard 0.3 mm-0.6 mm braking clearance between the friction plate and the brake drum in time, the adjusting arm transmits the braking torque, the adjusting arm can be quickly actuated to form braking during braking, the assembly clearance and the free displacement of the adjusting arm are required to be not more than 2 mm, the adjusting arm can be quickly returned to release the braking after the braking is finished, and the adjusting arm also has longer service life and reliable safety to avoid frequent repair and replacement.

The existing adjusting arm is a worm wheel and worm technical device, the adjusting arm mainly comprises a shell, a worm wheel, a worm shaft and the like, the worm wheel and the worm have the same tooth modulus, pitch circle support diameter and spiral pressure angle, the worm wheel and the worm form an oblique angle assembly gap of 5 degrees of the spiral pressure angle in the overlapping assembly process, only one tooth contact surface is formed after the assembly is finished, when an automobile is braked, because the worm frequently reciprocating brake impact force on the worm wheel by the worm, the oblique angle between the worm wheel and the worm causes the reverse thrust of the worm wheel to the worm, so that the adjusting worm shaft rotates backwards, the reverse thrust and the positive rotation force generated by an adjusting mechanism form a friction intersection point, the worm wheel teeth and the worm teeth are damaged in different degrees in a short time, the original sizes of the worm wheel and the worm are changed, the free displacement of the adjusting arm is increased, so that the automobile is decelerated or stopped in time, when braking is finished, the brake can not return completely, so that the hidden trouble of unsafe driving occurs, and the brake needs to be replaced frequently.

Ratchet, ratchet technical equipment, has earlier the widespread use in various fields, and its advantage is: the ratchet wheel and the ratchet wheel technology are locked without falling loose, the ratchet wheel is stressed by multiple teeth, can bear the impact force of large torque, and has long service life, the ratchet wheel and the ratchet wheel technology are used in the field of automobile adjusting arms, which has been noticed by many manufacturers, but due to the particularity of the ratchet wheel and the ratchet wheel technology, the problem of unlocking by adopting what method is solved, the problem of adjusting the standard brake clearance by what method, the effective manufacturing space of the adjusting arm and the manufacturing cost is solved, and the problem of how to repair and debug the adjusting arm by market repairmen after the adjusting arm is solved. Therefore, how to use the ratchet wheel and ratchet technology in the field of automobile adjusting arms is a problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, in order to solve the above problems and achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a novel ratchet wheel type automobile brake adjusting arm device is characterized by comprising the following parts, a ratchet block return spring (1), a ratchet block (2), a striking hole (3) formed in the side face of the ratchet block, a ratchet (4), a ratchet gear (5), cam shaft spline teeth (6) formed in the middle hole of the ratchet gear, an adjusting arm shell (7), a striking shaft assembly hexagonal bolt (8), a striking shaft (9), a striking shaft return spring seat diagram (C), a striking shaft head portion arranged in a semicircular shape (D), a striking plane (E) arranged at the rear tail portion of the striking shaft, a striking shaft return spring (10), a brake assembly connecting hole (11), an adjusting hexagonal cap (12), adjusting two-property gear teeth (13), a cover plate (14) and an assembly rivet (15) which are sequentially arranged on the central line of the adjusting arm shell (7), the ratchet gear (5), the ratchet block (2) and the assembly rivet (15) Ratchets (4) with the same tooth form and angle are arranged between the ratchet block return spring (1), the ratchet gear (5) and the ratchet block (2);

the amphoteric gear teeth (13): one half adopts a gear technology process, the other half adopts a ratchet technology process, the arrangement of the two-nature gear teeth (13) and the ratchet gear (5) is the transmission working relation of a driving wheel and a driven wheel, and the structure of the adjusting hexagonal cap (12) and the adjusting two-nature gear teeth (13) are arranged into a whole and rotate simultaneously. The adjusting two-dimensional gear teeth (13) and the ratchet gear (5) move in a speed reduction mode, the rotating direction of the adjusting two-dimensional gear teeth (13) is unidirectional, and the ratchet gear (5) can reversely drive the adjusting two-dimensional gear teeth to rotate;

the striking shaft (9) is arranged on a central line of a parallel intersection of the central line of the adjusting arm shell (7) and the ratchet block (2), a return spring seat ring (C) is arranged in the middle of the striking shaft (9), the head of the striking shaft (9) is arranged in a semi-circular shape (D), the striking shaft (9) is assembled in a striking shaft hole of the adjusting arm shell (7) through an assembly hexagonal bolt (8), a return spring (10) of the striking shaft (9) is also assembled at the same time, the head of the semi-circular shape (D) of the striking shaft (9) after the assembly is arranged in a striking hole (3) of the ratchet block (2), the tail part (E) of the striking shaft (9) after the assembly is 15-20 mm higher than the plane of the assembly hexagonal bolt (8), and the striking hole (3) arranged on the side surface of the ratchet block (2) is arranged in the central part of the ratchet block (2), the shape of the impact hole (3) is an oval through hole, the lower ends of the impact holes (3) are arranged in parallel, and the upper ends of the impact holes are provided with impact oblique angles of 15-25 degrees.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is the present invention: a novel ratchet wheel type automobile brake adjusting arm device is characterized in that a partial section assembly schematic diagram is arranged on a main part structure, and an arrow mark represents a braking direction.

FIG. 2 is the present invention: a novel ratchet wheel type automobile brake adjusting arm device is characterized in that an A-A section structure of the side surface of an adjusting arm is provided with an assembly schematic diagram.

FIG. 3 is the present invention: a novel ratchet wheel type automobile brake adjusting arm device comprises a front view for adjusting the structure arrangement of a hexagonal cap (12), adjusting two-property gear teeth (13) and a ratchet gear (5), a B-B structure side view, and an enlarged schematic view for adjusting the gear head of the two-property gear teeth (13),

the arrow indicates the direction of rotation.

FIG. 4 is the present invention: a novel ratchet wheel type automobile braking adjusting arm device comprises a ratchet block (2), a ratchet hole (3) is formed in the side face of the ratchet block, a ratchet (4), an impact shaft (9), an impact shaft return spring (10), an impact shaft return spring seat ring (C) and an impact shaft head are arranged on the ratchet block in a semi-circular shape (D), an impact plane (E) is arranged at the rear tail of the impact shaft, an impact shaft assembly hexagonal bolt (8) and a part structure schematic diagram.

Detailed description of the preferred embodiments

The following is a detailed embodiment of the present invention and is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

The invention comprises the following steps: a novel ratchet wheel type automobile brake adjusting arm device is shown in a figure 1-4, the embodiment is designed for large buses and heavy trucks in detail, and the ratchet wheel type automobile brake adjusting arm device is provided with the following parts, a ratchet block return spring 1, a ratchet block 2, a striking hole 3 formed in the side face of the ratchet block, a ratchet 4, a ratchet wheel 5, cam shaft spline teeth 6 formed in the middle hole of the ratchet wheel, an adjusting arm shell 7, a striking shaft assembly hexagonal bolt 8, a striking shaft 9, a striking shaft return spring seat ring c, a striking shaft head portion formed in a semi-circular D shape, a striking flat picture E formed at the rear tail portion of the striking shaft, a striking shaft return spring 10, a brake assembly connecting hole 11, an adjusting hexagonal cap 12, adjusting double-teeth 13, a cover plate 14 and an assembly rivet 15, the ratchet wheel 5 is not arranged in the center hole of the adjusting arm shell 7 and can rotate left and right in the hole, the ratchet block 2 is arranged in a long groove right above the ratchet wheel 5, a ratchet block return spring 1 is arranged above a ratchet block 2 and can move up and down in a long groove, ratchets 4 with the same tooth form and angle are arranged between a ratchet wheel 5 and the ratchet block 2, an adjusting hexagonal cap 12 and an adjusting amphoteric gear tooth 13 are arranged on the left 30 degrees of the central cross line of the ratchet wheel 5 on the side surface of an adjusting arm shell, the tooth head of the adjusting amphoteric gear tooth 13 is matched with the ratchets 4 of the ratchet wheel 5 in an assembling way, in order to adjust the tooth head of the amphoteric gear tooth 13 and the ratchets 4 to rotate better and stably, a gear technology process is adopted for adjusting the intersecting working surface of the tooth head of the amphoteric gear tooth 13 and the ratchets 4, when the adjusting hexagonal cap 12 rotates under external force, the adjusting amphoteric gear tooth 13 rotates simultaneously, when the adjusting amphoteric gear tooth 13 is a driving wheel, the ratchet wheel 5 rotates in a working relation with a driven wheel, and when the number of the adjusting amphoteric gear tooth 13 is less than that of the ratchet wheel 5, the adjusting the gear is in a decelerating motion, the rotation direction of the adjusting amphoteric gear teeth 13 is unidirectional, the ratchet gear 5 can reversely drive the adjusting amphoteric gear teeth 13 to rotate, the impact shaft 9 is not arranged on the central line where the central line of the adjusting arm shell 7 and the ratchet block 2 are in parallel intersection, the middle part of the impact shaft 9 is provided with a seat ring C of a return spring 10, the head part impacted by the impact shaft 9 is arranged to be semi-circular D, the rear tail part of the impact shaft 9 is provided with an impact plane E, the impact shaft 9 is assembled in the impact shaft hole of the adjusting arm shell 7 through an assembling hexagonal bolt 8, the return spring 10 is also assembled at the same time, the return spring 10 of the impact shaft is compressed and loaded, the rear end of the return spring 10 of the impact shaft is contacted with the seat ring arranged at the middle part of the impact shaft, the front end is contacted with the adjusting arm shell 7, the head part of the semi-circular D of the impact shaft 9 after the assembly is arranged in the impact hole of the ratchet block 2, the tail part E is 17 mm higher than the plane of the assembling hexagonal bolt 8 after the assembly of the impact shaft 9 is completed, the central part of the side surface of the ratchet block 2 is provided with an impact hole 3, the shape of the impact hole 3 is an oval through hole, the lower end of the impact hole 3 is provided with a parallel impact oblique angle with the upper end provided with 22 degrees, a ratchet block return spring 1 is arranged in a long groove of an adjusting arm shell 7 at the upper end of the ratchet block and is compressed and installed during assembly, after the internal parts of the adjusting arm are assembled, the external part is pressed and assembled by a cover plate 14 and an assembling rivet 15, when an adjusting arm assembly is installed in a braking system, a camshaft spline 6 arranged in a middle hole of a ratchet wheel is connected and assembled with a camshaft, the upper end is assembled by an adjusting arm brake connecting hole 11 and a brake cylinder push rod, the working procedure of adjusting the brake gap begins, a debugging worker rotates clockwise by using a tool to adjust a hexagonal cap 12, and simultaneously rotates to adjust an amphoteric gear tooth 13 and the ratchet wheel 5, because the ratchet wheel 4 with a clockwise oblique angle is arranged between the ratchet wheel 5 and the ratchet block 2, therefore, when the ratchet wheel 5 rotates, the ratchet block 2 is pushed upwards by the clockwise oblique angle between the ratchet wheel and the ratchet wheel, the teeth of the ratchet block and the ratchet wheel move from the bottom of the teeth to the top of the teeth and go over the top of the teeth to return to the next tooth, and the next tooth is returned along with the sound image of clicking, the arranged return spring 1 is compressed at the same time, elastic pressure of jumping teeth from tooth to tooth is generated on the ratchet block 2, the cam shaft is driven by the rotation of the ratchet wheel 5 to rotate towards the braking direction and form braking, the brake friction plate is tightly embraced with the brake drum at the moment, the braking gap is 0 mm, the adjusting arm is arranged in the braking system at the moment, two forces of braking force and braking force are all concentrated on the ratchet block 2, the ratchet 4 on the ratchet wheel 5 is vertical to the tooth surface of 90 degrees, when a debugging person uses a hammer to strike the E plane at the tail of the striking shaft 9, the striking shaft 9 rapidly moves forwards, the striking shaft return spring 10 is also rapidly compressed, the arranged shaft 9 impacts the head in a semicircular shape D, the ratchet block 2 is quickly impacted by an impacted hole 3 on the ratchet block, a 22-degree impact oblique angle is arranged at the upper end of the impact hole 3, an impact head quickly pushes the ratchet block 2 upwards along the impact oblique angle, meanwhile, a ratchet block return spring 1 is quickly compressed, a ratchet 4 on the ratchet block 2 is quickly separated from the ratchet 4 on the ratchet wheel to generate jumping teeth, teeth which are under the elastic pressure of an impact shaft return spring 10 and the ratchet block return spring 1 move from the bottom of the teeth to the top of the teeth and cross the next tooth returned by the top of the teeth, at the moment, the ratchet wheel 2 is driven by the reverse braking power generated by a cam shaft of a braking system to reversely rotate for one tooth, the braking gap generated by a braking friction plate and a braking drum is 0.5 mm, the work of adjusting the braking gap is finished, when a vehicle runs for a certain kilometer number and needs to maintain and replace the friction plate, a repairman continuously strikes the impact shaft 9 by a hand hammer to completely release the reverse braking power generated by the cam shaft of the braking system to adjust the arm to be in a free force state, and (5) removing the adjusting arm to start maintenance work.

The particular embodiments described herein are illustrative only, as various modifications or additions may be made or substituted in a similar manner by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope thereof as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. The invention adopts the following technical scheme that: a novel ratchet wheel type automobile brake adjusting arm device is characterized by comprising the following parts, a ratchet block return spring (1), a ratchet block (2), a striking hole (3) formed in the side face of the ratchet block, a ratchet (4), a ratchet gear (5), cam shaft spline teeth (6) formed in the middle hole of the ratchet gear, an adjusting arm shell (7), a striking shaft assembly hexagonal bolt (8), a striking shaft (9), a striking shaft return spring seat diagram (C), a striking shaft head portion arranged in a semicircular shape (D), a striking plane (E) arranged at the rear tail portion of the striking shaft, a striking shaft return spring (10), a brake assembly connecting hole (11), an adjusting hexagonal cap (12), adjusting two-property gear teeth (13), a cover plate (14) and an assembly rivet (15) which are sequentially arranged on the central line of the adjusting arm shell (7), the ratchet gear (5), the ratchet block (2) and the assembly rivet (15) Ratchets (4) with the same tooth form and angle are arranged between the ratchet block return spring (1), the ratchet gear (5) and the ratchet block (2);