WO2016110072A1 - 内燃机 - Google Patents

内燃机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016110072A1
WO2016110072A1 PCT/CN2015/083124 CN2015083124W WO2016110072A1 WO 2016110072 A1 WO2016110072 A1 WO 2016110072A1 CN 2015083124 W CN2015083124 W CN 2015083124W WO 2016110072 A1 WO2016110072 A1 WO 2016110072A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
crankshaft
piston
fixed
power output
gear
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/083124
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曲凡成
杨贵才
Original Assignee
武汉富国发动机科技有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 武汉富国发动机科技有限公司 filed Critical 武汉富国发动机科技有限公司
Publication of WO2016110072A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016110072A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/32—Engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding main groups

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an internal combustion engine which is perfect for practical and high efficiency output.
  • the existing internal combustion engine is mainly composed of: a cylinder, a piston, a connecting rod, a crankshaft, a flywheel, a gas distribution mechanism, an ignition mechanism, an oil supply mechanism (or a fuel injection mechanism), etc.
  • the fuel explosion generates a high pressure to push the piston, and the piston pushes the connecting rod.
  • the connecting rod pushes the connecting rod journal on the crank and pushes the crankshaft to rotate.
  • the crankshaft outputs power to the external output. Because the crankshaft rotates during the output work, the piston, the connecting rod, the crankshaft connecting rod journal, the crank and the crankshaft main shaft The position is not fixed, they will produce angle changes. In these different angles, the thrust of the piston pair to the crankshaft connecting rod journal is different.
  • the object of the invention is to design an internal combustion engine which is perfect, practical, simple to manufacture, low in cost, high in power output, energy saving and emission reduction.
  • the present invention is achieved in that the left and right rotating shafts are fixed to the internal combustion engine body, and one or more piston rotating arms are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the left and right rotating shafts (the number of piston rotating arms corresponds to the number of cylinders)
  • the hole at the other end of the piston connecting rod is sleeved on the piston pin and can be rotated thereon, and the piston pin is fixed.
  • the piston On the piston, the piston is fixed in the cylinder, and the cylinder is symmetrically fixed on both sides of the body.
  • a cranking arm On the left and right rotating shafts, a cranking arm is fixed, and an opening is formed on the outer end of the cranking arm, and two holes are formed in the open outer end, and a crankshaft rotation is inserted in the two holes.
  • crankshaft connecting rod journal on the overall crankshaft includes: the crankshaft main shaft, the crankshaft connecting rod journal, the crank crank, (to reduce the vibration of the crankshaft, the same as the ordinary crankshaft, can also increase the balance weight) ⁇ , and It can be rotated on the upper part, and the whole crankshaft is fixed on the machine body.
  • crankshaft flywheel with gears On the crankshaft main shaft, a crankshaft flywheel with gears is fixed, the starter motor is fixed on the machine body, the starter motor gear on the motor is started, and the gear on the crankshaft flywheel with gears Engage at start-up.
  • the crankshaft flywheel with gears is driven, and the crankshaft of the crankshaft is rotated, the crankshaft connecting rod journal pushes the crankshaft link up and down, and the crankshaft connecting rod pushes the crankshaft rotating arm pin and the crankshaft rotating arm.
  • the rotating arm of the rotating shaft and the left and right rotating shafts swing up and down (left and right) together, and the rotating arms of the two sides push the piston rotating arm pins on both sides and the piston connecting rods on both sides to move up and down together, and the piston connecting rods on both sides push the two sides.
  • the piston pin and the pistons on both sides move up and down in the cylinders on both sides.
  • the up and down movement of the pistons and piston pins on both sides can also push the piston rods on both sides to move up and down.
  • crankshaft connecting rod pushes the whole crankshaft and the crankshaft flywheel with gears to make a circular motion.
  • a crankshaft timing sprocket is also fixed on the crankshaft main shaft, a timing chain is arranged on the crankshaft timing sprocket, and the other end of the timing chain is sleeved on the two camshaft timing sprocket, the two cams
  • the shaft timing sprocket is fixed on two camshafts.
  • the two camshafts are fixed on the two cylinder heads.
  • the cam on the camshaft can push one end of the rocker arm to rotate, and the valve rocker arm is fixed on the rocker shaft.
  • Upper, the rocker arm shaft is fixed on the cylinder head, and the other end of the valve rocker arm can push the intake valve and the exhaust valve to advance.
  • Under the action of the reverse force of the valve spring the intake valve and the exhaust valve are shaken by the valve.
  • the positive and negative forces of the arms and valve springs act to open and close the intake and exhaust passages accordingly.
  • the valve spring is fixed on the intake and exhaust valves.
  • the intake valve, the exhaust valve and the spark plug are fixed on the cylinder head.
  • the cylinder head is fixed on the cylinder.
  • the intake valve, the exhaust valve and the spark plug are just at the cylinder. top.
  • the cylinder head gasket acts as a seal.
  • the cylinder head cover gasket and cylinder head cover provide sealing and protection.
  • a crankshaft signal wheel is fixed on the crankshaft main shaft, and a camshaft signal wheel is fixed on the camshaft.
  • the crankshaft signal sensor is fixed on the body, and can sense the signal of the crankshaft signal wheel.
  • the camshaft signal sensor is fixed on the cylinder head and can sense The signal to the camshaft signal wheel.
  • a microcomputer (ECU) and an igniter are fixed in place on the body.
  • a PTO shaft gear and a PTO flywheel one of which has a one-way clutch gear, one of which has a one-way clutch gear that meshes with the PTO shaft gear.
  • a wheel axle is fixed on the body, and a wheel is fixed on the wheel axle.
  • the other one with a one-way clutch gear meshes with the over-wheel, which also meshes with the power output shaft gear.
  • These four gears form a power output mechanism that converts the continuous left-to-right and right-right rotation of the left and right rotating shafts into a continuous circular rotation in one direction, and is efficiently powered by the power output shaft gears.
  • the output performs work and drives the power output shaft to perform external power output work.
  • the internal combustion engine Since the power output of the internal combustion engine is transmitted by these several gears, the loss of the gear in the force transmission is much larger than that of the crankshaft output power, which can save fuel and reduce exhaust emissions.
  • the internal combustion engine has formed one: "from start-up to rotation, to the perfect, practical, easy to manufacture, low cost, energy-saving emission reduction, and technically reliable internal combustion engine".
  • the main point of this internal combustion engine is: a perfect and efficient high-efficiency output internal combustion engine, which is mainly composed of the body, the left and right rotating shaft, the piston rotating arm, the piston rotating arm pin, the piston connecting rod, the piston, the piston pin, the cylinder, the overall crankshaft, the over-wheel,
  • the power output shaft, the starting motor, the gas distribution mechanism, the oil supply mechanism, the ignition mechanism, and the like, the left and right rotating shafts are fixed on the body and can be rotated, and the piston rotating arm is fixed on the left and right rotating shafts at the outer end of the rotating arm of the piston
  • a piston swivel arm pin is fixed, and a hole at one end of the piston rod is sleeved on the rotating arm pin of the piston and can be rotated, and the hole at the other end is sleeved on the piston pin and can be rotated, and the piston pin is fixed on the piston, the piston Fixed in the cylinder, the power output shaft and the over-wheel axle are fixed on the body
  • the utility model is characterized in that: a crankshaft rotating arm is fixed on the left and right rotating shafts, and the outer end of the crankshaft rotating arm is fixed. Inside the hole, a cranking rotary arm pin is fixed, and a hole at one end of the crankshaft connecting rod is sleeved on the crank arm rotating arm pin, and can be rotated thereon, the crankshaft The hole at the other end of the rod is sleeved on the crankshaft connecting rod journal of the whole crankshaft, and can be rotated thereon.
  • the overall crankshaft is fixed on the body and can be rotated. On the crankshaft main shaft of the whole crankshaft, a geared bearing is fixed.
  • crankshaft flywheel The crankshaft flywheel, the starter motor gear on the starter motor, meshes with the gear on the crankshaft flywheel with gears at the start, and a crankshaft timing sprocket is fixed on the crankshaft main shaft, and a crankshaft timing sprocket is placed on the crankshaft.
  • Timing chain the other end of the timing chain is sleeved on the camshaft timing sprocket, and on the left and right rotating shafts, two clutch gears with one-way clutch gears are also fixed, and the clutch directions of the two clutches with one-way clutch gears
  • a power output shaft gear is fixed, one of which has a one-way clutch gear meshing with the power output shaft gear, one over wheel on the over-wheel axle, and the other with a one-way clutch gear
  • the wheel meshes, the wheel also meshes with the power output shaft gear, and all the above various structures and functions form the "starting by the starter motor, the crankshaft with the gear
  • the wheel, the whole crankshaft drives or controls the operation of each gas distribution, oil supply and ignition mechanism of the internal combustion engine from start to rotation, and rotates the left and right by two left and right rotating shafts, through two one-way clutch gears, a wheel and a power output shaft gear.
  • the shaft rotates continuously to the left and to
  • the internal combustion engine uses an electric motor (or human) to start the crankshaft flywheel and the crankshaft of the gear, and the crankshaft flywheel and the crankshaft of the gear drive or control the crankshaft connecting rod, the crankshaft rotating arm, the left and right rotating shaft, the piston rotating arm, the piston connecting rod
  • the piston, the gas distribution mechanism, the oil supply mechanism, the ignition mechanism and the like work together to enable the engine to start, and can automatically operate after starting, and rotate the shaft from left to right to drive two one-way clutch gears and one over-wheel and one power output.
  • the shaft gear rotates, and the power output shaft gear drives the power output shaft to perform externally high-efficiency output power. In this way, the internal combustion engine achieves the goal of perfect, practical and efficient output power, energy saving and emission reduction.
  • FIG. 2 is a left side view of the internal combustion engine of the present invention which is improved in practical and efficient output.
  • Figure 3 is a right side elevational view of the internal combustion engine of the present invention which is improved in practical and efficient output.
  • Fig. 4 is a detailed structural view showing the starting and basic working principle of the internal combustion engine of the present invention which is improved in practical and efficient output.
  • Fig. 5 is a structural view showing an efficient output portion of an internal combustion engine in which the present invention is improved in practical and efficient output.
  • Fig. 6 is a detailed structural view of the entire crankshaft 33 of the internal combustion engine of the present invention which is improved in practical and efficient output.
  • Fig. 7 is a detailed structural view of a crankshaft rotating arm 5 of an internal combustion engine of the present invention which is improved in practical and efficient output.
  • Fig. 8 is a detailed structural view of a crankshaft connecting rod 6 of an internal combustion engine of the present invention which is improved in practical and efficient output.
  • Figure 9 is a detailed structural view of the crankshaft swivel arm pin 7 of the internal combustion engine of the present invention which is improved in practical and efficient output.
  • Figure 10 is a detailed structural view of the piston swivel arm pin 4 of the internal combustion engine of the present invention which is improved in practical and efficient output.
  • Figure 11 is a detailed structural view of the piston rotating arm 3 of the internal combustion engine of the present invention which is improved in practical and efficient output.
  • Figure 12 is a detailed structural view of the piston rod 8 of the internal combustion engine of the present invention which is improved in practical and efficient output.
  • the left and right rotating shafts 2 are fixed to the internal combustion engine body 1, and one or a plurality of piston rotating arms 3 are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the right and left rotating shafts 2 (the number of piston rotating arms 3 corresponds to the number of cylinders 10)
  • cranking arm 5 On the left and right rotating shaft 2, a cranking arm 5 is fixed, and an opening is formed at the outer end of the cranking arm 5. At the outer end of the opening, there are two holes, and the two holes are inserted therein.
  • a crankshaft rotates the arm pin 7 and is fixed in the two holes.
  • the hole at one end of the crankshaft link 6 is sleeved on the crank arm swivel pin 7 in the opening and can be rotated thereon, and the crankshaft link 6 is at the other end.
  • the hole (the bearing or bearing in the hole, the bearing or the bearing hole) is sleeved on the crankshaft connecting rod journal 13 on the integral crankshaft 33 (the integral crankshaft 33 includes: the crankshaft main shaft 12, the crankshaft connecting rod journal 13, the crank crank 14 And rotating on the upper part, the integral crankshaft 33 is fixed on the body 1.
  • a geared crankwheel 34 is fixed, and the starter motor 45 is fixed on the body 1, and the starter motor gear on the motor 45 is started. 44. Engaged with the gear on the geared crankshaft flywheel 34 at startup.
  • crankshaft flywheel 34 with the gear is driven, and the overall crankshaft 33 is rotated, the crankshaft connecting rod journal 13 pushes the crankshaft link 6 up and down, and the crankshaft connecting rod 6 pushes the crankshaft swivel arm pin.
  • the cranking arm 5, the left and right rotating shaft 2, the piston rotating arm 3 on both sides of the left and right rotating shaft 2 swing up and down (left and right) together, and the piston rotating arm 3 on both sides pushes the piston rotating arm pin 4 on both sides and the piston joint on both sides.
  • the rods 8 move up and down together, and the piston rods 8 on both sides push the piston pins 9 on both sides, and the pistons 11 on both sides move up and down in the cylinders 10 on both sides.
  • the up and down movement of the piston 11 and the piston pin 9 on both sides can also push the piston connecting rods 8 on both sides to move up and down, and the piston connecting rods 8 on both sides push the piston rotating arm pins 4, the piston rotating arms 3, and the left and right rotating shafts on both sides.
  • the crankshaft rotating arm 5 swings up and down (left and right).
  • the crankshaft rotating arm 5 and the crankshaft rotating arm pin 7 push the crankshaft connecting rod 6 up and down.
  • crankshaft connecting rod 6 pushes the whole crankshaft 33 and the geared crankshaft flywheel 34 to make a circle. motion.
  • a crankshaft timing sprocket 28 is also fixed on the crankshaft main shaft 12
  • a timing chain 26 is sleeved on the crankshaft timing sprocket 28, and the other end of the timing chain 26 is sleeved on the two camshaft timing sprocket 27, and the two camshaft timing sprocket 27 are fixed in two
  • the two camshafts 22 are fixed on the two cylinder heads 21, and the cams on the camshaft 22 can push one end of the valve rocker arm 25 to rotate, and the valve rocker arm 25 is fixed on the rocker arm shaft 23.
  • the rocker shaft 23 is fixed on the cylinder head 21, and the other end of the valve rocker arm 25 can push the intake valve 15 and the exhaust valve 16 forward.
  • the intake valve 15 and the row The valve 16 is acted upon by the positive and negative forces of the valve rocker arm 25 and the valve spring 19, and the intake passage 17 and the exhaust passage 18 are correspondingly opened and closed.
  • the valve spring 19 is fixed to the intake valve 15 and the exhaust valve 16, and the intake valve 15, the exhaust valve 16 and the spark plug 24 are both fixed to the cylinder head 21, and the cylinder head 21 is fixed to the upper side of the cylinder 10, and the intake valve 15
  • the exhaust valve 16 and the spark plug 24 are just at the top end of the cylinder 10.
  • the cylinder head 20 acts as a seal.
  • the cylinder head cover gasket 29 and the cylinder head cover 30 provide sealing and protection.
  • a crankshaft signal wheel 42 is fixed on the crankshaft main shaft 12, and a camshaft signal wheel 31 is fixed on the camshaft 22.
  • the crankshaft signal sensor 43 is fixed on the body 1, and the signal of the crankshaft signal wheel 42 can be sensed.
  • the camshaft signal sensor 32 Fixed to the cylinder head 21, the signal of the camshaft signal wheel 31 can be sensed.
  • a microcomputer (ECU) 46 and an igniter 47 are fixed at appropriate positions on the body 1.
  • a power output shaft gear 41 and a power output shaft flywheel 40 are fixed, and the one-way clutch gear 36 meshes with the power output shaft gear 41.
  • a wheel axle 37 is fixed to the body 1, and a wheel 38 is fixed to the wheel axle 37.
  • the one-way clutch gear 35 meshes with the over-wheel 38, and the over-wheel 38 also meshes with the power output shaft gear 41.
  • the four gears constitute a power output mechanism, which converts the continuous leftward and rightward rotation of the left and right rotating shafts 2 into a continuous circumferential rotation in one direction, and is driven by the power output shaft gear 41.
  • the power output shaft 39 performs work for external power output.
  • the internal combustion engine Since the power output of the internal combustion engine is transmitted by these several gears, the loss of the gear in the force transmission is much larger than that of the crankshaft output power, which can save fuel and reduce exhaust emissions.
  • the oil pan seal 50 and the oil pan 51 serve to seal and store the oil.
  • Fig. 6 is a detailed configuration diagram of the entire crankshaft 33 of the present internal combustion engine.
  • Fig. 7 is a detailed configuration diagram of the crank arm 5 of the present internal combustion engine.
  • Fig. 8 is a detailed configuration diagram of the crank link 6 of the present internal combustion engine.
  • Fig. 9 is a detailed configuration diagram of the crank arm swivel pin 7 of the present internal combustion engine.
  • Fig. 10 is a detailed structural view of the piston swivel arm pin 4 of the present internal combustion engine.
  • Fig. 11 is a detailed configuration diagram of the piston rotating arm 3 of the present internal combustion engine.
  • Fig. 12 is a detailed configuration diagram of the piston connecting rod 8 of the present internal combustion engine.
  • crankshaft connecting rod journal 13 drives the crankshaft connecting rod 6 to move up and down continuously
  • crankshaft connecting rod 6 drives the cranking rotary arm pin 7, together with the cranking arm 5 and the left and right rotating shaft 2 Rotating the center line of the axis of the left and right rotating shafts 2, and rotating the left (upper) and right (lower) alternately.
  • the right and left rotating shaft 2 also drives the piston rotating arm 3 to rotate leftward and rightward (because the piston rotating arm 3 and the cranking arm 5 are fixed to the left and right rotating shafts 2, so as long as one of them When the components rotate, they will rotate together at the same time.
  • the corresponding piston rotating arm 3 drives the piston rotating arm pin 4 to move up and down together with the piston connecting rod 8.
  • the piston connecting rod 8 drives the piston pin 9 together with the piston 11 in the cylinder.
  • crankshaft connecting rod journal 13 controls the stroke of the piston 11, and likewise, the time and speed of the piston 11 moving up and down.
  • the crankshaft connecting rod journal 13 has the same trajectory of time and speed as the circular motion. It is the same as the trajectory of the piston of the conventional crank piston internal combustion engine. Therefore, their working principle is the same. Similarly, now common. Many of the principles, functions, structures, components, etc. of the crankshaft piston type internal combustion engine can be used in the same internal combustion engine, and will not be described in detail here, so that the internal combustion engine is easy to manufacture, low in cost, and reliable in technology.
  • crankshaft main shaft 12 drives the crankshaft timing sprocket 28 to rotate
  • crankshaft timing sprocket 28 drives the timing chain 26 and the camshaft timing sprocket 27 and the camshaft 22 to rotate
  • the camshaft 22 drives the valve rocker arm 25 and the intake air.
  • the door 15 and the exhaust valve 16 move, and under the action of the reverse force of the valve spring 19, the intake valve 15 and the exhaust valve 16 are completed, and the continuous opening and closing operations of the intake passage 17 and the exhaust passage 18 are completed.
  • crank signal sensor 43 and the camshaft signal sensor 32 also sense the information about the overall crankshaft 33 and the camshaft 22, and transmit the information to the microcomputer (ECU) 46, which is operated by the microcomputer (ECU) 46 to control the ignition.
  • the heater 47 and the spark plug 24 sequentially ignite the mixed gas in the corresponding cylinder 10 one by one in order to cause the mixed gas to explode to generate high-pressure gas and push the piston to move.
  • the ignition sequence is: the cylinders on both sides alternately ignite.
  • the internal combustion engine is started, and like the conventional crankshaft piston type internal combustion engine, after the internal combustion engine is started, the starter motor 45 is stopped.
  • the pistons 11 on both sides move up and down in the cylinder 10, and the cylinders 10 on both sides are continuously stopped.
  • the mixed gas is sucked in, continuously ignited by the spark plug 24, and the high-pressure gas is continuously generated, and the corresponding pistons 11 on both sides are alternately pushed downward in order, and the pistons 11 and the piston pins 9 on both sides are alternately arranged in sequence.
  • the piston connecting rods 8 on both sides push the piston swivel arm pin 4 and the piston rotating arm 3 on both sides of the left and right rotating shaft 2 to alternately move downward, and push the left and right rotating shafts 2 Stopping the left and right (up and down) swinging rotation ⁇ When the left piston 11 moves to the top dead center, the microcomputer (ECU) 46 controls the igniter 47 and the spark plug 24 based on signals transmitted from the crank signal sensor 43 and the camshaft signal sensor 32.
  • the left cylinder 10 is ignited, and the mixed gas in the left cylinder 10 is ignited and exploded by the spark plug 24, and the generated high pressure gas pushes the left piston 11, the left piston pin 9, and the left piston rod 8
  • the left piston swivel arm pin 4, the left piston swivel arm 3, and the left and right rotating shaft 2 move downward (right) together, and at the same time, the left and right rotating shaft 2 drives the right piston rotating arm 3 and the right piston rotating arm pin 4 Move up (left) and push the right piston rod 8, the right piston pin 9, and the right piston 11 together also to move up (left).
  • the left and right rotating shaft 2 swings left and right, also with The crankshaft rotating arm 5 and the cranking arm pin 7 perform left (upper) and right (lower) swinging rotations, and the crankshaft rotates the arm pin 7, drives the crankshaft connecting rod 6 to move up and down, and pushes the crankshaft connecting rod journal 13 to drive
  • the integral crankshaft 33 and the geared crankshaft flywheel 34 rotate together to continuously rotate the integral crankshaft 33 and the geared crankshaft flywheel 34.
  • the crankshaft main shaft 12 drives the crankshaft timing sprocket 28, the timing chain 26, and the camshaft.
  • the left and right rotating shafts 2 also drive the one-way clutch gears 35, 36 to perform the left and right swinging rotation, and the locking is performed when the one-way clutch gear 36 is rotated to the left, and the one-way clutch gear 35 is locked when rotating to the right.
  • Tightly (simultaneously changing the direction in which the two one-way clutch gears 35, 36 are engaged, the direction of rotation of the output shaft 39 can be changed, and the ratio of the number of teeth of the two one-way clutch gears 35, 36 to the power output shaft gear 41 can be changed.
  • the output speed of the power output shaft 39 can be changed.
  • the one-way clutch gear 36 is in a locked state, which drives the power output shaft gear 41 and the power output shaft 39.
  • the power output shaft flywheel 40 rotates to the right together, and at the same time, the one-way clutch gear 35 is in an unlocked state, it is idling, does not drive the rotation of the wheel 38, and the wheel 38 follows the power output shaft gear 41 to idle to the left.
  • the one-way clutch gear 36 When the left and right rotating shaft 2 is turned to the right, the one-way clutch gear 36 is in the unlocked state, it can only be idling, and then the one-way clutch gear 35 is in the locked state, which drives the wheel 38 toward left When the wheel 38 is rotated, the power output shaft gear 41 and the power output shaft 39 and the power output shaft flywheel 40 are also rotated to the right, and thus repeated.
  • the four gears rotate the left and right rotations of the left and right rotating shafts 2 into a continuous circumferential rotation in one direction, forming a complete power output mechanism.
  • the left and right rotating shafts 2 directly pass the left and right swinging rotational powers of the right and left rotating shafts 2 to the power output shaft gear 41 and the power output shaft 39 through the two one-way clutch gears 35, 36 and the overrunning gear 38, In the transmission of the force of the gear, the loss of force is small. Therefore, in this internal combustion engine, the power output efficiency generated by the fuel explosion work is very high, and the efficiency is much higher than that of the work performed by the crankshaft output power, which can save a large amount of fuel and reduce a large amount of exhaust gas emissions.
  • the thrust generated to the piston 11 is different from the start of the explosion to the stroke of pushing the piston 11 from the top dead center to the bottom dead center, and the output to the power is unbalanced.
  • the thrust on the power output shaft 39 cannot be fully exerted. Therefore, the power output shaft flywheel 40 can absorb all the maximum thrust generated by the high pressure gas and is relatively stable. The speed is again released through the power output shaft 39, which also increases the utilization efficiency of the useful work generated when the mixed gas is exploded.
  • crankshaft is also used in the internal combustion engine
  • the crankshaft only plays a starting role in the internal combustion engine, and only plays a role in limiting the piston stroke, and only drives the valve train and the like, so that the overall power consumption of the internal combustion engine is not greatly affected.
  • the power transmitted by the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine is not large, the friction loss is small, and the service life is also long, and the use of the crankshaft makes the manufacture of the internal combustion engine simple, convenient, practical, low in cost, and technically reliable.
  • the internal combustion engine forms one: "Started by the starter motor 45 (or human), the geared flywheel 34, the integral crankshaft 33 drives or controls the various gas distribution, oil supply, ignition and other mechanisms of the internal combustion engine from start to rotation.
  • the work is performed by the left and right rotating shafts 2, by the one-way clutch gears 35, 36 and the overrunning wheels 38, and the power output shaft gears 41 are alternately driven to rotate, and the left and right rotating shafts 2 are continuously rotated to the left and right to become continuous.
  • the internal combustion engine that rotates in one direction and is driven by the power output shaft gear 41 to drive the power output shaft 39 to perform high-efficiency power output work forms: "perfect, practical, simple to manufacture, low cost, Energy-saving and emission-reducing, technically reliable piston-type internal combustion engine.”
  • the shafts in the internal combustion engine are fixed on the body 1 and the cylinder head 21 by means of bearings, bushes, etc., and the gears and flywheels are fixed on the respective shafts by means of keys or splines and welding, and the pins are used.
  • the circlip, the screw, the welding, the split pin, etc. are fixed in the hole, and other parts are also fixed on the body 1 by screws, welding, etc., for the simplicity of the description and the clarity of the drawing, in the drawings Not shown, there is no detailed description in the manual.
  • the carburetor or fuel injection pump, fuel injector and other mechanisms are not shown in the drawings and instructions.
  • the cooling water tank of the cylinder is not shown in the drawings. Do some explanation.
  • the internal combustion engine can also be manufactured as a single-cylinder or multi-cylinder machine, or can be designed into an in-line type, a v-type, an opposite type, or the like, or can be manufactured into a gasoline engine, a diesel engine, or the like, or can be manufactured as a hand-operated micro gas oil machine. It can also be manufactured as a gasoline engine or a diesel engine which is started by a crank.
  • the principle of the internal combustion engine is also adapted to various external combustion engines, and these are also within the scope of the present invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

一种内燃机，由启动电机（45）带动带齿轮的曲轴飞轮（34）及整体曲轴（33）转动，曲轴连杆（6）带动曲轴旋转臂（5）和左右旋转轴（2）进行左右转动，左右旋转轴（2）上的活塞旋转臂（3）带动活塞连杆（8）及活塞（11）在汽缸（10）内进行上下运动，由曲轴带动并控制配气、供油、点火等机构工作，来完成内燃机的启动和自动运转，左右旋转轴（2）上固定有两个带单向离合器的齿轮（35），它们离合的方向相反，一个与动力输出轴齿轮（41）啮合，另一个与过轮（38）啮合，过轮（38）也与动力输出轴齿轮（41）啮合，这些齿轮能把左右旋转轴（2）的左右转动，变成向一个方向的连续转动，由动力输出轴齿轮（41）带动动力输出轴（39）对外输出动力，该内燃机比曲轴输出动力的内燃机效率高，可节省燃油并减少废气排放。

Description

完善实用高效输出的内燃机 技术领域
本发明涉及一种完善实用高效输出的内燃机。
背景技术
现有内燃机主要都是由：汽缸、活塞、连杆、曲轴、飞轮、配气机构、点火机构、供油机构(或喷油机构)等组成，燃油爆炸产生高气压推动活塞，活塞推动连杆，连杆推动曲柄上的连杆轴颈，并推动曲轴转动，由曲轴对外输出动力做功，由于曲轴在输出做功的转动过程中，活塞、连杆、曲轴连杆轴颈、曲柄、曲轴主轴的位置不是固定的，他们会产生角度变化，在这些不同的角度中，活塞对连杆对曲轴连杆轴颈产生的推力是不同的，这些不同的角度对力的利用都有很多的损耗，特别是当曲轴连杆轴颈处于死点左右的时候，活塞对曲轴转动的推力很小，造成大量的有用功浪费，使内燃机不能高效率的把燃油爆炸产生的能量，传递出来对外做功，所以，现有的曲轴输出动力的内燃机，它们的动力输出效率都很低，油耗多，污染大，现在专利库里虽然有很多无曲轴内燃机，和其他节能内燃机专利，但是，它们，都有不足的地方，不完善，不能实用，不能造福人类。
技术问题
本发明的目的就是设计一种完善、实用、制造简单、成本低、高效动力输出、节能减排的内燃机。
技术解决方案
为达到上述目的，本发明是这样实现的：左右旋转轴固定在内燃机机体上，在左右旋转轴的两边对称的固定有1至多个活塞旋转臂(活塞旋转臂的多少与汽缸的多少相对应)，在这两边的活塞旋转臂的外端上都有一个开口，在这个有开口的外端上有两个孔，在这两个孔内插有一个活塞旋转臂销，并固定在这两个孔内，活塞连杆一端的孔，套在这个开口内的活塞旋转臂销上，并可以在上面转动，活塞连杆另一端的孔，套在活塞销上，可以在上面转动，活塞销固定在活塞上，活塞固定在汽缸内，汽缸对称的固定在机体的两边。在左右旋转轴上，还固定有一个曲轴旋转臂，在曲轴旋转臂的外端上有一个开口，在这个有开口的外端上有两个孔，在这两个孔内插有一个曲轴旋转臂销，并固定在这两个 孔内，曲轴连杆一端的孔，套在这个开口内的曲轴旋转臂销上，并可以在上面转动，曲轴连杆另一端的孔(孔内有轴瓦或轴承，轴瓦或轴承的孔)，套在整体曲轴上的曲轴连杆轴颈上{整体曲轴包括：曲轴主轴、曲轴连杆轴颈、曲轴曲柄、(为了减少曲轴的震动，同普通曲轴一样，也可增加平衡重)}，并可以在上面转动，整体曲轴固定在机体上，在曲轴主轴上，固定有一个带齿轮的曲轴飞轮，启动电机固定在机体上，启动电机上的启动电机齿轮，与带齿轮的曲轴飞轮上的齿轮在启动时啮合。这样，当启动电机齿轮，带动带齿轮的曲轴飞轮，和整体曲轴转动时，曲轴连杆轴颈，就推动曲轴连杆上下运动，曲轴连杆就会推动曲轴旋转臂销、曲轴旋转臂、左右旋转轴、左右旋转轴两边的活塞旋转臂一起上下(左右)摆动转动，两边的活塞旋转臂就推动两边的活塞旋转臂销、两边的活塞连杆一起上下运动，两边的活塞连杆推动两边的活塞销、两边的活塞在两边的汽缸内上下运动。反过来，两边的活塞、活塞销的上下运动，也可以推动两边的活塞连杆上下运动，两边的活塞连杆推动两边的活塞旋转臂销、活塞旋转臂、左右旋转轴、曲轴旋转臂上下(左右)摆动转动，曲轴旋转臂、曲轴旋转臂销就推动曲轴连杆上下运动，曲轴连杆推动整体曲轴和带齿轮的曲轴飞轮，做圆周运动。在曲轴主轴上还固定有一个曲轴正时链轮，在曲轴正时链轮上套有一条正时链条，正时链条的另一端套在两个凸轮轴正时链轮上，这两个凸轮轴正时链轮，固定在两个凸轮轴上，这两个凸轮轴固定在两个汽缸盖上，凸轮轴上的凸轮，可以推动气门摇臂的一端转动，气门摇臂固定在摇臂轴上，摇臂轴固定在汽缸盖上，气门摇臂的另一端，可以推动进气门和排气门前进，在气门弹簧的反向力的作用下，进气门、排气门受气门摇臂和气门弹簧的正、反向力的作用，就会对进气通道、排气通道进行相应的开启和关闭作用。气门弹簧固定在进气门和排气门上，进气门、排气门和火花塞都固定在汽缸盖上，汽缸盖固定在汽缸的上面，进气门、排气门和火花塞刚好在汽缸的顶端。汽缸垫起密封作用。汽缸盖罩密封垫和汽缸盖罩起密封和防护作用。在曲轴主轴上固定有曲轴信号轮，在凸轮轴上固定有凸轮轴信号轮，曲轴信号传感器固定在机体上，能感应到曲轴信号轮的信号，凸轮轴信号传感器固定在汽缸盖上，能感应到凸轮轴信号轮的信号。微电脑(ECU)和点火器，固定在机体上合适的位置。这样，上述机构就形成了：“各个零部件相互连接，按序运动，并象普通曲轴活塞式内燃机一样，由启动电机启动，并由带齿轮的曲轴飞轮和整体曲轴，带动或控制各个配气、供油、点火等机构工作，能够从启动到自转的一个完整的内燃机”。在左右旋转轴的一端上，固定有两个带单向离合器齿轮，这两个带单向离合器齿轮的离合器的离合方向相反，在机体上固定有一个动力输出轴，在动力输出轴上，固 定有一个动力输出轴齿轮和一个动力输出轴飞轮，在两个带单向离合器齿轮中，其中的一个带单向离合器齿轮与动力输出轴齿轮啮合。在机体上固定有一个过轮轴，在过轮轴上固定有一个过轮。另一个带单向离合器齿轮与过轮啮合，过轮也与动力输出轴齿轮啮合。这四个齿轮组成了一个动力输出机构，它们把左右旋转轴的连续的向左、向右的交替转动，转变成了连续的向一个方向的圆周转动，并由动力输出轴齿轮进行高效的动力输出做功，并带动动力输出轴对外输出动力做功。由于本内燃机的动力输出是由这几个齿轮传递的，而齿轮在力的传递中损耗小，比曲轴输出动力做功的效率大得多，可以节省燃油，减少废气排放。这样，由于上述各个机构的结构、功能，本内燃机就形成了一个：“由启动到自转，到动力高效输出的完善、实用、容易制造、成本低、节能减排、技术可靠的内燃机”。本内燃机的要点是：一种完善实用高效输出的内燃机，它主要由机体，左右旋转轴，活塞旋转臂，活塞旋转臂销，活塞连杆，活塞，活塞销，汽缸，整体曲轴，过轮轴，动力输出轴、启动电机、配气机构，供油机构，点火机构等组成，左右旋转轴固定在机体上，并可以转动，在左右旋转轴上固定有活塞旋转臂，在活塞旋转臂的外端的孔内，固定有活塞旋转臂销，活塞连杆一端的孔套在活塞旋转臂销上，并可以转动，另一端的孔套在活塞销上，并可以转动，活塞销固定在活塞上，活塞固定在汽缸内，动力输出轴、过轮轴固定在机体上，并可以转动，启动电机固定在机体上，其特征是：在左右旋转轴上固定有一个曲轴旋转臂，在曲轴旋转臂的外端的孔内，固定有一个曲轴旋转臂销，曲轴连杆一端的孔，套在这个曲轴旋转臂销上，可以在上面转动，曲轴连杆另一端的孔，套在整体曲轴上的曲轴连杆轴颈上，可以在上面转动，整体曲轴固定在机体上，并可以转动，在整体曲轴上的曲轴主轴上，固定有一个带齿轮的曲轴飞轮，启动电机上的启动电机齿轮，与带齿轮的曲轴飞轮上的齿轮在启动时啮合，在曲轴主轴上，还固定有一个曲轴正时链轮，在曲轴正时链轮上套有一条正时链条，正时链条的另一端套在凸轮轴正时链轮上，在左右旋转轴上，还固定有两个带单向离合器齿轮，这两个带单向离合器齿轮的离合器的离合方向相反，在动力输出轴上，固定有一个动力输出轴齿轮，其中的一个带单向离合器齿轮与动力输出轴齿轮啮合，在过轮轴上固定有一个过轮，另一个带单向离合器齿轮与过轮啮合，过轮也与动力输出轴齿轮啮合，由以上所有的各种结构和功能就形成了“由启动电机启动，由带齿轮的曲轴飞轮、整体曲轴带动或控制内燃机的各个配气、供油、点火机构从启动到自转的工作，由左右旋转轴，通过两个带单向离合器齿轮、过轮、动力输出轴齿轮，把左右旋转轴连续的向左、向右的摆动转动，转变成连续的向一个方向的圆周转动，并由动力输出轴齿轮， 进行高效的动力输出做功的内燃机”。
有益效果
由于本内燃机使用电动机(或人力)启动带齿轮的曲轴飞轮和曲轴转动，并由带齿轮的曲轴飞轮和曲轴带动或控制曲轴连杆、曲轴旋转臂、左右旋转轴、活塞旋转臂、活塞连杆、活塞、配气机构、供油机构、点火机构等一起工作，使发动机能够启动，启动后能够自动运转，并由左右旋转轴，带动两个带单向离合器齿轮和一个过轮、一个动力输出轴齿轮转动，并由动力输出轴齿轮带动动力输出轴，对外高效输出动力做功，这样，使本内燃机达到了：完善、实用、高效输出动力做功、节能、减排的目的。
附图说明
图1是本发明完善实用高效输出的内燃机的主视图。
图2是本发明完善实用高效输出的内燃机的左视图。
图3是本发明完善实用高效输出的内燃机的右视图。
图4是本发明完善实用高效输出的内燃机的启动和基本工作原理部分的详细结构图。
图5是本发明完善实用高效输出的内燃机的高效输出部分的结构图。
图6是本发明完善实用高效输出的内燃机的整体曲轴33的详细结构图。
图7是本发明完善实用高效输出的内燃机的曲轴旋转臂5的详细结构图。
图8是本发明完善实用高效输出的内燃机的曲轴连杆6的详细结构图。
图9是本发明完善实用高效输出的内燃机的曲轴旋转臂销7的详细结构图。
图10是本发明完善实用高效输出的内燃机的活塞旋转臂销4的详细结构图。
图11是本发明完善实用高效输出的内燃机的活塞旋转臂3的详细结构图。
图12是本发明完善实用高效输出的内燃机的活塞连杆8的详细结构图。
图中：1、机体(机体主体)；2、左右旋转轴；3、活塞旋转臂；4、活塞旋转臂销；5、曲轴旋转臂；6、曲轴连杆；7、曲轴旋转臂销；8、活塞连杆；9、活塞销；10、汽缸；11、活塞；12、曲轴主轴；13、曲轴连杆轴颈；14、曲轴曲柄；15、进气门；16、排气门；17、进气通道；18、排气通道；19、气门弹簧；20、汽缸垫；21、汽缸盖；22、凸轮轴；23、摇臂轴；24、火花塞；25、气门摇臂；26、正时链条；27、凸轮轴正时链轮；28、曲轴正时链轮；29、汽缸盖罩密封垫；30、汽缸盖罩；31、凸轮轴信号轮；32、凸轮轴信号传感器；33、整体曲轴；34、带齿轮的曲轴飞轮；35、带单相离合器齿轮；36、带单相离 合器齿轮；37、过轮轴；38、过轮；39、动力输出轴；40、动力输出轴飞轮；41、动力输出轴齿轮；42、曲轴信号轮；43、曲轴信号传感器；44、起动电机齿轮；45、起动电机；46、微电脑(ECU)；47、点火器；48、微电脑(ECU)信号输入端；49、点火器至火花塞端；50、机油底壳密封垫；51、机油底壳。
本发明的实施方式
在图1-5中：左右旋转轴2固定在内燃机机体1上，在左右旋转轴2的两边对称的固定有1至多个活塞旋转臂3(活塞旋转臂3的多少与汽缸10的多少相对应)，在这两边的活塞旋转臂3的外端上都有一个开口，在这个有开口的外端上有两个孔，在这两个孔内插有一个活塞旋转臂销4，并固定在这两个孔内，活塞连杆8一端的孔，套在这个开口内的活塞旋转臂销4上，并可以在上面转动，活塞连杆8另一端的孔，套在活塞销9上，可以在上面转动，活塞销9固定在活塞11上，活塞11固定在汽缸10内，汽缸10对称的固定在机体1的两边。在左右旋转轴2上，还固定有一个曲轴旋转臂5，在曲轴旋转臂5的外端上有一个开口，在这个有开口的外端上有两个孔，在这两个孔内插有一个曲轴旋转臂销7，并固定在这两个孔内，曲轴连杆6一端的孔，套在这个开口内的曲轴旋转臂销7上，并可以在上面转动，曲轴连杆6另一端的孔(孔内有轴瓦或轴承，轴瓦或轴承的孔)，套在整体曲轴33上的曲轴连杆轴颈13上(整体曲轴33包括：曲轴主轴12、曲轴连杆轴颈13、曲轴曲柄14)，并可以在上面转动，整体曲轴33固定在机体1上，在曲轴主轴12上，固定有一个带齿轮的曲轴飞轮34，启动电机45固定在机体1上，启动电机45上的启动电机齿轮44，与带齿轮的曲轴飞轮34上的齿轮在启动时啮合。这样，当启动电机齿轮44，带动带齿轮的曲轴飞轮34，和整体曲轴33转动时，曲轴连杆轴颈13，就推动曲轴连杆6上下运动，曲轴连杆6就会推动曲轴旋转臂销7、曲轴旋转臂5、左右旋转轴2、左右旋转轴2两边的活塞旋转臂3一起上下(左右)摆动转动，两边的活塞旋转臂3就推动两边的活塞旋转臂销4、两边的活塞连杆8一起上下运动，两边的活塞连杆8推动两边的活塞销9、两边的活塞11在两边的汽缸10内上下运动。反过来，两边的活塞11、活塞销9的上下运动，也可以推动两边的活塞连杆8上下运动，两边的活塞连杆8推动两边的活塞旋转臂销4、活塞旋转臂3、左右旋转轴2、曲轴旋转臂5上下(左右)摆动转动，曲轴旋转臂5、曲轴旋转臂销7就推动曲轴连杆6上下运动，曲轴连杆6推动整体曲轴33和带齿轮的曲轴飞轮34，做圆周运动。在曲轴主轴12上还固定有一个曲轴正时链轮28， 在曲轴正时链轮28上套有一条正时链条26，正时链条26的另一端套在两个凸轮轴正时链轮27上，这两个凸轮轴正时链轮27，固定在两个凸轮轴22上，这两个凸轮轴22固定在两个汽缸盖21上，凸轮轴22上的凸轮，可以推动气门摇臂25的一端转动，气门摇臂25固定在摇臂轴23上，摇臂轴23固定在汽缸盖21上，气门摇臂25的另一端，可以推动进气门15和排气门16前进，在气门弹簧19的反向力的作用下，进气门15、排气门16受气门摇臂25和气门弹簧19的正、反向力的作用，就会对进气通道17、排气通道18进行相应的开启和关闭作用。气门弹簧19固定在进气门15和排气门16上，进气门15、排气门16和火花塞24都固定在汽缸盖21上，汽缸盖21固定在汽缸10的上面，进气门15、排气门16和火花塞24刚好在汽缸10的顶端。汽缸垫20起密封作用。汽缸盖罩密封垫29和汽缸盖罩30起密封和防护作用。在曲轴主轴12上固定有曲轴信号轮42，在凸轮轴22上固定有凸轮轴信号轮31，曲轴信号传感器43固定在机体1上，能感应到曲轴信号轮42的信号，凸轮轴信号传感器32固定在汽缸盖21上，能感应到凸轮轴信号轮31的信号。微电脑(ECU)46和点火器47，固定在机体1上合适的位置。这样，上述机构就形成了：“各个零部件相互连接，按序运动，并象普通曲轴活塞式内燃机一样，由启动电机45启动，并由带齿轮的曲轴飞轮34和整体曲轴33，带动并控制各个配气、供油、点火等机构工作，从启动到自转的一个完整的内燃机”。在左右旋转轴2的一端上，固定有两个带单向离合器齿轮35、36，这两个带单向离合器齿轮35、36的离合器的离合方向相反，在机体1上固定有一个动力输出轴39，在动力输出轴39上，固定有一个动力输出轴齿轮41和一个动力输出轴飞轮40，带单向离合器齿轮36与动力输出轴齿轮41啮合。在机体1上固定有一个过轮轴37，在过轮轴37上固定有一个过轮38。带单向离合器齿轮35与过轮38啮合，过轮38也与动力输出轴齿轮41啮合。这4个齿轮组成了一个动力输出机构，它们把左右旋转轴2的连续的向左、向右的交替转动，转变成了连续的向一个方向的圆周转动，并由动力输出轴齿轮41，带动动力输出轴39对外输出动力做功。由于本内燃机的动力输出是由这几个齿轮传递的，而齿轮在力的传递中损耗小，比曲轴输出动力做功的效率大得多，可以节省燃油，减少废气排放。机油底壳密封垫50、机油底壳51起密封和储存机油用。这样，由于上述各个机构的结构、功能，本内燃机就形成了一个：“由启动到自转，到动力高效输出的完善、实用、容易制造、成本低、节能减排、技术可靠的内燃机”。
图6是本内燃机的整体曲轴33的详细结构图。
图7是本内燃机的曲轴旋转臂5的详细结构图。
图8是本内燃机的曲轴连杆6的详细结构图。
图9是本内燃机的曲轴旋转臂销7的详细结构图。
图10是本内燃机的活塞旋转臂销4的详细结构图。
图11是本内燃机的活塞旋转臂3的详细结构图。
图12是本内燃机的活塞连杆8的详细结构图。
本内燃机的工作原理是：启动电机45通电后，启动电机齿轮44，就带动带齿轮的曲轴飞轮34转动，带齿轮的曲轴飞轮34，带动整体曲轴33做圆周运动。在整体曲轴33的圆周运动中，曲轴连杆轴颈13，带动曲轴连杆6不停的做上下运动，曲轴连杆6带动曲轴旋转臂销7，和曲轴旋转臂5及左右旋转轴2一起，绕左右旋转轴2的轴中心线，交替不停的向左(上)、向右(下)的做旋转摆动转动。同时，左右旋转轴2也带动活塞旋转臂3不停的向左、向右转动(因为，活塞旋转臂3和曲轴旋转臂5都固定在左右旋转轴2上，所以，只要它们其中的一个部件转动，它们就会同时一起转动)，相应的活塞旋转臂3，带动活塞旋转臂销4，和活塞连杆8一起做上下运动，活塞连杆8带动活塞销9和活塞11一起，在气缸10内连续的做上下运动，完成活塞11从上止点到下止点，再从下止点到上止点的往复运动(因为，曲轴连杆轴颈13是随着整体曲轴33绕曲轴主轴12的轴中心线，做连续的圆周运动，曲轴连杆6是随着曲轴连杆轴颈13的转动做上下运动的，所以，曲轴连杆轴颈13做圆周转动时的直径，就是曲轴连杆6，做上下运动的最高点和最低点的行程长度，同样，也是活塞11行程的长度，同样，曲轴连杆轴颈13控制着活塞11的行程，同样，活塞11上下运动的时间和速度的轨迹，就是曲轴连杆轴颈13，做圆周运动时的时间和速度的轨迹，同现在普通的曲轴活塞式内燃机的活塞的运动轨迹是一样的，所以，它们的工作原理也是一样的，同样，现在普通的曲轴活塞式内燃机上的很多原理、功能、结构、零部件等在本内燃机中一样的可以使用，这里就不做详细的说明，这样，就使本内燃机制造方便，成本低，技术可靠)。同时，曲轴主轴12带动曲轴正时链轮28转动，曲轴正时链轮28带动正时链条26和凸轮轴正时链轮27及凸轮轴22转动，凸轮轴22带动气门摇臂25和进气门15及排气门16运动，在气门弹簧19的反向力的作用下，完成了进气门15和排气门16，对进气通道17和排气通道18的连续的开、关工作，完成了气缸10内相应的进气和排气工作(本说明中为了说明的简单，汽缸吸气时，油就从化油器中一起吸到汽缸里了，如果供油是喷油嘴喷油的内燃机，整体曲轴33和凸轮轴22 还要带动和控制油泵和喷油嘴工作，它们的原理同现在普通的曲轴活塞式内燃机一样，这里不做详细说明)。同时，曲轴信号传感器43和凸轮轴信号传感器32，也感应到了整体曲轴33和凸轮轴22的相关信息，并把信息传递给了微电脑(ECU)46，微电脑(ECU)46运算后，再来控制点火器47和火花塞24，按照顺序，逐个对相应的汽缸10内的混合气体，进行准时的点火，使混合气体爆炸产生高压气体，推动活塞运动，点火顺序是：两边的汽缸交替点火。这样，内燃机就启动了，同现在普通的曲轴活塞式内燃机一样，内燃机启动后，启动电机45停止工作。这时，在两边汽缸10内的高压气体和活塞11的交替推动下，及曲轴飞轮34的带动下，两边的活塞11在汽缸10内不停的上下运动，两边的汽缸10内不停地被吸入混合气体，不停地被火花塞24点燃，不停地产生高压气体，分别按顺序交替地推动着两边相应的活塞11向下运动，两边的活塞11和活塞销9，就分别按顺序的交替的推动两边的活塞连杆8向下运动，两边的活塞连杆8，就推动左右旋转轴2两边的活塞旋转臂销4和活塞旋转臂3交替的向下运动，并推动左右旋转轴2不停地进行左右(上下)摆动转动{当左边的活塞11运动到上止点时，微电脑(ECU)46根据曲轴信号传感器43和凸轮轴信号传感器32传来的信号，控制点火器47和火花塞24对左边的汽缸10点火，左边的汽缸10内的混合气体，被火花塞24点火爆炸，产生的高压气体，推动左边的活塞11、左边的活塞销9、左边的活塞连杆8、左边的活塞旋转臂销4、左边的活塞旋转臂3、左右旋转轴2一起向下(右)运动，同时，左右旋转轴2，带动右边的活塞旋转臂3、右边的活塞旋转臂销4向上(左)运动，并推动右边的活塞连杆8、右边的活塞销9、右边的活塞11一起也向上(左)运动。当左边的活塞11，推动左边的活塞连杆8，和左边的活塞旋转臂3，向下运动到下止点时，在凸轮轴22的控制下，排气门16打开，这时，左边的活塞11对左边的活塞旋转臂3就没有推力了。同时，右边的活塞旋转臂3推动右边的活塞11向上(左)运动到了上止点，这时，微电脑(ECU)46根据曲轴信号传感器43和凸轮轴信号传感器32传来的信号，控制点火器47和火花塞24对右边的汽缸10点火，右边的汽缸10内的混合气体，被火花塞24点火爆炸，产生的高压气体，推动右边的活塞11、右边的活塞销9、右边的活塞连杆8、右边的活塞旋转臂销4、右边的活塞旋转臂3、左右旋转轴2一起开始向下(右)运动。同时，左右旋转轴2带动左边的活塞旋转臂3、左边的活塞旋转臂销4向上(左)运动，并推动左边的活塞连杆8、左边的活塞销9、左边的活塞11一起向上(左)运动，如此反复的交替进行着，就形成了左右旋转轴2，不停地进行着左右交替转动}。反过来，左右旋转轴2的左右摆动转动，也带 动曲轴旋转臂5、曲轴旋转臂销7进行左(上)、右(下)摆动转动，曲轴旋转臂销7，带动曲轴连杆6上、下运动，并推动曲轴连杆轴颈13，带动整体曲轴33及带齿轮的曲轴飞轮34一起转动，使整体曲轴33和带齿轮的曲轴飞轮34不停的转动，同时，曲轴主轴12带动曲轴正时链轮28、正时链条26、凸轮轴正时链轮27、凸轮轴22、气门摇臂25、进气门15、排气门16、曲轴信号轮42、凸轮轴信号轮31和其它的配气、供油、点火等机构工作，使内燃机能够自动运转，内燃机就自动的完成每一个冲程的工作，并继续不停地进行着下一个冲程的工作，使内燃机不停的运动，同现在普通的曲轴活塞式内燃机的工作原理一样，这里就不详细说明了。(由于带齿轮的曲轴飞轮34的惯性，带动活塞11等机构，完成做功行程以外的其他行程的运动，特别是4缸以下的内燃机，做功以外的其它行程的运动，完全靠曲轴飞轮的惯性来带动，使内燃机永远不会停止工作)。同时，左右旋转轴2，也带动带单向离合器齿轮35、36进行左右摆动转动，设：带单向离合器齿轮36向左转动时锁紧，带单向离合器齿轮35向右转动时锁紧(同时改变这两个单向离合器齿轮35、36的离合的方向，就可改变输出轴39的转动方向，改变两个单向离合器齿轮35、36，与动力输出轴齿轮41的的齿数比例，可以改变动力输出轴39的输出转速)，那么，当左右旋转轴2向左转动时，带单向离合器齿轮36就处于锁紧状态，它就带动动力输出轴齿轮41和动力输出轴39及动力输出轴飞轮40一起向右转动，同时，带单向离合器齿轮35处于解锁状态，它就进行空转，不会带动过轮38转动，过轮38跟随动力输出轴齿轮41向左空转，当左右旋转轴2变向，向右转动时，带单向离合器齿轮36处于解锁状态，它只能空转，随后，带单向离合器齿轮35就处于锁紧状态，它就带动过轮38向左转动，过轮38再带动动力输出轴齿轮41和动力输出轴39及动力输出轴飞轮40也向右转动，如此反复。这样，这四个齿轮就把左右旋转轴2的向左、向右的旋转摆动转动，转变成了向一个方向连续的圆周转动，形成了一个完整的动力输出机构。由于左右旋转轴2，是通过两个带单向离合器齿轮35、36和过轮38，直接把左右旋转轴2的左右摆动转动动力，传递给动力输出轴齿轮41和动力输出轴39的，而齿轮在力的传递中，力的损耗很少。所以，本内燃机中，燃油爆炸做功产生的动力输出效率就很高，要比用曲轴输出动力做功的效率高的多，可节省大量的燃油，减少大量的废气排放。再由于汽缸10内的混合气体，从爆炸开始，到推动活塞11从上止点运行到下止点的这段行程中，对活塞11产生的推力是不同的，对动力的输出是不均衡的，在动力输出轴39上的推力也不能完全发挥出来，所以，动力输出轴飞轮40，可以把高压气体产生的最大推力，全部的吸收进来，并以比较稳定 的速度通过动力输出轴39再全部的释放出来，这样，也增加了混合气体爆炸时产生的有用功的利用效率。虽然，本内燃机中也使用了曲轴，但曲轴在本内燃机中只起启动作用，和只对活塞行程起限定作用，以及只带动配气机构等运动，所以，对本内燃机整体功耗的影响不大。由于本内燃机的曲轴传递的动力不大，摩擦损耗也小，寿命也很长，且，使用曲轴使本内燃机的制造简单，方便，实用，成本低，技术可靠。这样，本内燃机就形成了一个：“由启动电机45(或人力)启动，由带齿轮的曲轴飞轮34、整体曲轴33带动或控制内燃机的各个配气、供油、点火等机构从启动到自转的工作，由左右旋转轴2，通过带单向离合器齿轮35、36，过轮38，交替驱动动力输出轴齿轮41转动，把左右旋转轴2连续的向左、向右转动，转变成连续的向一个方向的圆周转动，并由动力输出轴齿轮41带动动力输出轴39转动，进行高效的动力输出做功的内燃机”，形成了：“完善的，实用的，制造简单的，成本低的，节能减排的，技术可靠的活塞式内燃机”。
本内燃机中的轴都是通过轴承、轴瓦等方式固定在机体1和汽缸盖21上的，齿轮、飞轮都是用键或花键及焊接等方式固定在各自的轴上的，销都是用卡簧、螺丝、焊接、开口销等方式固定在孔内的，其它零部件也都是用螺丝、焊接等方法固定在机体1上的，为了说明的简单和图纸的清晰度，在图纸中都没有显示出来，在说明书中也没有详细的说明，化油器或喷油泵、喷油嘴等机构也没有在图纸和说明书中显示出来，汽缸的冷却水槽等也没有在图纸中显示出来，在此做一下说明。
本内燃机，也可制造成单缸或多缸机，也可以设计成直列型、v型、对置型等形状，也可制造成汽油机、柴油机等，也可以制造成手拉启动的微型气油机，也可以制造成用曲拐启动的汽油机或柴油机等，本内燃机的原理也适应各种外燃机，这些也都在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (1)

  1. 一种完善实用高效输出的内燃机，它主要由机体(1)，左右旋转轴(2)，活塞旋转臂(3)，活塞旋转臂销(4)，活塞连杆(8)，活塞(11)，活塞销(9)，汽缸(10)，整体曲轴(33)，过轮轴(37)，动力输出轴(39)、启动电机(45)、配气机构，供油机构，点火机构组成，左右旋转轴(2)固定在机体(1)上，并可以转动，在左右旋转轴(2)上固定有活塞旋转臂(3)，在活塞旋转臂(3)的外端的孔内，固定有活塞旋转臂销(4)，活塞连杆(8)一端的孔套在活塞旋转臂销(4)上，并可以转动，另一端的孔套在活塞销(9)上，并可以转动，活塞销(9)固定在活塞(11)上，活塞(11)固定在汽缸(10)内，动力输出轴(39)、过轮轴(37)固定在机体(1)上，并可以转动，启动电机(45)固定在机体(1)上，其特征是：在左右旋转轴(2)上固定有一个曲轴旋转臂(5)，在曲轴旋转臂(5)的外端的孔内，固定有一个曲轴旋转臂销(7)，曲轴连杆(6)一端的孔，套在这个曲轴旋转臂销(7)上，可以在上面转动，曲轴连杆(6)另一端的孔，套在整体曲轴(33)上的曲轴连杆轴颈(13)上，可以在上面转动，整体曲轴(33)固定在机体(1)上，并可以转动，在整体曲轴(33)上的曲轴主轴(12)上，固定有一个带齿轮的曲轴飞轮(34)，启动电机(45)上的启动电机齿轮(44)，与带齿轮的曲轴飞轮(34)上的齿轮在启动时啮合，在曲轴主轴(12)上，还固定有一个曲轴正时链轮(28)，在曲轴正时链轮(28)上套有一条正时链条(26)，正时链条(26)的另一端套在凸轮轴正时链轮(27)上，在左右旋转轴(2)上，还固定有两个带单向离合器齿轮(35、36)，这两个带单向离合器齿轮(35、36)的离合器的离合方向相反，在动力输出轴(39)上，固定有一个动力输出轴齿轮(41)，带单向离合器齿轮(36)与动力输出轴齿轮(41)啮合，在过轮轴(37)上固定有一个过轮(38)，带单向离合器齿轮(35)与过轮(38)啮合，过轮(38)也与动力输出轴齿轮(41)啮合，这就形成了“由启动电机(45)启动，由带齿轮的曲轴飞轮(34)、整体曲轴(33)带动或控制内燃机的各个配气、供油、点火机构从启动到自转的工作，由左右旋转轴(2)，通过带单向离合器齿轮(35、36)，过轮(38)，动力输出轴齿轮(41)，把左右旋转轴(2)连续的向左、向右的摆动转动，转变成连续的向一个方向的圆周转动，并由动力输出轴齿轮(41)，进行高效的动力输出做功的内燃机”。
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