WO2016106464A1 - Dispositivo y método para la clasificación del tamaño de burbujas en un líquido - Google Patents
Dispositivo y método para la clasificación del tamaño de burbujas en un líquido Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016106464A1 WO2016106464A1 PCT/CL2015/050061 CL2015050061W WO2016106464A1 WO 2016106464 A1 WO2016106464 A1 WO 2016106464A1 CL 2015050061 W CL2015050061 W CL 2015050061W WO 2016106464 A1 WO2016106464 A1 WO 2016106464A1
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- Prior art keywords
- bubbles
- signal
- ultrasonic
- size
- ultrasonic signals
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/02—Analysing fluids
- G01N29/036—Analysing fluids by measuring frequency or resonance of acoustic waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/222—Constructional or flow details for analysing fluids
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/34—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
- G01N29/348—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor with frequency characteristics, e.g. single frequency signals, chirp signals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/36—Detecting the response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
- G01N29/42—Detecting the response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor by frequency filtering or by tuning to resonant frequency
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
- G01N29/4445—Classification of defects
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
- G01N29/4463—Signal correction, e.g. distance amplitude correction [DAC], distance gain size [DGS], noise filtering
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
- G01N29/4481—Neural networks
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
- G01N29/46—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor by spectral analysis, e.g. Fourier analysis or wavelet analysis
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/024—Mixtures
- G01N2291/02433—Gases in liquids, e.g. bubbles, foams
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/028—Material parameters
- G01N2291/02845—Humidity, wetness
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/10—Number of transducers
- G01N2291/102—Number of transducers one emitter, one receiver
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the technical field of measurement methods and devices, specifically with size classification and measurement methods, in particular with a device and a method using said device for the measurement and classification of bubble sizes.
- a device and a method using said device for the measurement and classification of bubble sizes In a liquid medium. Background
- Fluids that have a high bubble content are widely used in a variety of industries such as mining, food, medicine and other industrial processes. Bubble flows through liquids are key procedures in processes such as fermentation in bioreactors, biological wastewater treatments, or for the separation of minerals. It is widely known that the size, density and movement of the bubbles affects the efficiency of these processes, and therefore the measurement and control of the flow of bubbles is crucial.
- the flotation process is a system that uses bubble flow as a physical method to separate hydrophobic particles from those hydrophilic. For example, in mining, this process allows the particles of minerals of interest found in the flotation cells to adhere to the bubbles and rise to the surface where they are removed.
- bubble characterization and detection methods are based on passive acoustic techniques, capillary suction tests, high-speed photography, endoscopic optical tests and optical wave sensors (Vázquez A., Sánchez RM, Salinas-Rodr ⁇ guez E., Soria A ., Manasseh R. A look ath three measurement techniques for bubble size determination.Measurement Science & Technology. 2004 (15): 290-296).
- Patent document GB2336905 describes a method for monitoring bubbles in a moving liquid medium that uses a light beam emitter and a receiver that detects variations or interferences in said beam, whose size and concentration in number of bubbles is derived directly from the analysis. of the received signal.
- optical methods are limited by the light conditions and purity of the liquid for measurement, considerably reducing the range of applications where it can be used and the accuracy of the measurements.
- patent document WO20140161 10 describes a method for determining the distribution of bubble sizes in a liquid, measuring acoustic signals in the range of 50 to 500 Hz. This method is based on finding the natural frequency of swing of a bubble according to its size (diameter). The typical use of single frequencies has shown that it has certain limitations, such as masking small bubbles in the presence of large ones (Leighton TG The acoustic bubble. Academic Press, London, UK. 1994: 129-152). By using two frequencies in a non-linear mixture of signals, the probability of false detections is reduced and is a relatively accurate method of detecting and measuring gas bubbles.
- the transducers located at a short distance.
- it is designed to detect one bubble at a time, which prevents it from being used, for example, in flotation tanks where the bubbles rise freely towards the surface with irregular paths, at different speeds and at a non-uniform radial distance from the center of the ultrasound beam when passing through a tube of limited diameter with the transducers located at a short distance.
- an optimized alternative method of measurement, classification and analysis of bubble sizes is required, capable of performing the analyzes online and simultaneously to a heterogeneous group of bubble sizes, with a high level of precision and low number of masking errors.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a device for classifying the size of bubbles in a liquid medium, said device comprising:
- an electrical transducer receiving ultrasonic signals, located at an angle less than 180 degrees with respect to the emitting electrical transducer;
- the ultrasonic signal receiving electrical transducer is preferably located at 90 degrees with respect to the emitting electrical transducer.
- the transmitter circuit comprises an ultrasonic signal generator attached to a power amplifier and this in turn to an impedance adapter.
- Said ultrasonic signal generator generates a sustained signal in the frequency time f c , which is emitted by the electric transducer emitting to the liquid.
- the signal emitted in the liquid is of sinusoidal type, whose wavelength corresponding to the frequency f c has to be smaller than the smaller diameter of the bubbles to be classified.
- the ultrasonic signal receiver circuit comprises a band pass filter that has a passing band with the same central frequency f c as the signal generated by the transmitter circuit. Following the band pass filter, a signal amplifier is placed and attached to it is an envelope detector.
- the envelope detector comprises a wave rectifier bridge, connected to a low-pass filter, and a differential amplifier connected to the latter.
- a second object of the invention relates to a method for the classification of bubble sizes comprising the steps of:
- the ultrasonic signal generated by the ultrasonic signal transmitter circuit is a signal sustained at the frequency time f c , which is emitted by the electrical transducer emitting to the liquid.
- the signal emitted in the liquid is of sinusoidal type, whose wavelength corresponding to the frequency f c has to be smaller than the smaller diameter of the bubbles to be classified.
- the mentioned receiver circuit performs additional steps for the processing of the ultrasonic signals reflected by the bubbles, in order to generate two-dimensional patterns in the time domain that contain information about their size. These additional stages are:
- the step of extracting the envelope of the signals reflected by the bubbles with a view to generating the two-dimensional patterns in the time domain that contain information about the size of these comprises the steps of:
- Figure 1 shows a representative scheme of the invention, indicating the parts of the device and the functional connections between its parts.
- Figure 2 shows a representative scheme of the ultrasonic signal transmitter circuit.
- Figure 3 shows a representative scheme of the receiver circuit of the signals reflected by the bubbles.
- Figure 4 shows a representative scheme of the arrangement of the electrical transducers emitting and receiving ultrasonic signals, and the generated ultrasonic field.
- Figure 5 is an example of two-dimensional patterns in the time domain of different bubble sizes.
- Figure 6 is a scheme or process flow that shows the processes for obtaining the necessary parameters for the classification of bubble sizes.
- Figure 7 shows an embodiment of the invention in a mining flotation cell.
- the present invention relates to a device and a method using said device for the measurement and size classification of air bubbles found in a liquid medium.
- the invention uses a two-dimensional (2-D) pattern of time domain approach, which they represent the bubble trail when they cross a directive ultrasound beam or an ultrasonic field formed by a transmitter transducer attached to a transmitter circuit. The energy reflected by the bubbles that cross this field is captured by a receiver transducer connected to a receiver circuit.
- the processing of said 2-D patterns in the time domain allows to obtain patterns in the frequency domain, with the average spectral distributions being representative of the corresponding bubble sizes. After training a classifier with parameters obtained from the frequency patterns of bubbles of known sizes, the unknown sizes of the analyzed bubbles can be classified.
- the present invention provides a device and a method that uses said device for measuring and classifying the size of bubbles flowing into a liquid in an industrial process.
- This invention provides a simultaneous and accurate measurement of a plurality of bubbles ascending through a liquid medium, estimating the parameters obtained from the patterns in the frequency domain, and classifying the size of the bubbles detected in line, which finally allows to modify the flow of air into the liquid in order to optimize the industrial process.
- Figure 1 shows a general scheme of the device and the functional connection between all its components.
- the device for the classification of the size of bubbles in a liquid medium comprises an electrical transducer emitting ultrasonic signals 1 and an electrical transducer receiving ultrasonic signals 2, located at an angle less than 180 degrees with respect to the emitting electrical transducer 1.
- the angle between the emitting electrical transducer 1 and the receiving electrical transducer 2 is 90 degrees, as shown in Figure 1.
- the arrangement between transducers below 180 degrees allows a correct measurement of the signal reflected by the bubbles, being able to be located even at 0 degrees, that is, next to each other, without affecting the principle of the methodology.
- the emitting electrical transducer 1 is operatively connected to an ultrasonic signal transmitter circuit 3, which generates the ultrasonic signals that are then emitted by the emitting electrical transducer 1.
- the receiving electrical transducer 2 is operatively connected to a circuit ultrasonic signal receiver 4, which processes the signals reflected by the bubbles. These processed signals are converted to digital signals by an analog-digital converter 5. Said digital signals are processed by a digitized signal processor 6.
- Figure 2 shows the parts that preferably make up the signal transmitter circuit 3. It is composed of an ultrasonic signal generator 7, which produces a signal sustained over time at a fundamental frequency f c , which is then emitted by the emitting electric transducer 1 to the liquid.
- Said periodic signal generated by the signal generator 7 could be sinusoidal, square or of any kind, however the signal emitted in the liquid is sinusoidal, and whose wavelength in the liquid must be less than the smaller diameter of the bubble that is wants to classify, so that the bubble reflects the signal. For example, within a plurality of bubbles it was determined that the smaller one was 2.5 mm. To measure and classify the sizes of said plurality of bubbles, a sinusoidal signal of frequency 1 MHz, equivalent to a wavelength of approximately 1.5 mm, was used in order to cover all the bubble sizes to be considered.
- FIG. 1 Operationally linked to the ultrasonic signal generator 7, there is an amplifier 8 of the signal that allows the signal power to be increased to an appropriate level, and this in turn is connected to an impedance adapter 9 to avoid power losses of the signal. signal when it passes to the emitting electric transducer 1 to be transmitted.
- Figure 3 shows the parts that preferably make up the ultrasonic signal receiver circuit 4. After capturing the ultrasonic signals reflected by the bubbles with the receiving electrical transducer 2, these are processed by a band 10 pass filter to reduce noise outside the band of interest, whose pass band has as its central frequency the frequency of the signal generated by the transmitter circuit, f c . Attached to the band pass filter 10 is a signal amplifier 11 that allows to increase the amplitude of the signal that is transmitted to the envelope detector 12.
- the envelope detector 12 is composed of a rectifier bridge 13 that rectifies the wave so that the signal is of constant polarity. Attached to this bridge rectifier is a low-pass filter 14 that eliminates the frequency signal f c to keep only the signal envelope for the following stages.
- the cut-off frequency chosen in the low-pass filter 14 must be such that it allows the frequency signal f c to be eliminated and at the same time allows it to be used as an antialias filter for the subsequent analog / digital conversion stage with the analog / digital converter 5 After passing through the low-pass filter, the signal is represented as the potential difference between its two outputs.
- the signal In order for the signal to be transmitted to a digitized signal processor 6, the signal is referenced to ground and amplified with a differential amplifier 15.
- the analog / digital converter 5 attached to the amplifier 15 converts the signal so that it can be processed and analyzed in the digitized signal processor 6.
- the methodology can be carried out to determine and classify the sizes of bubbles that are present in a liquid medium.
- a consistent or directional ultrasonic field scheme through which the bubbles pass through is shown in Figure 4.
- the time-held ultrasonic signal is generated - defining the term "sustained” as the opposite of a signal that is generated by pulses or pulse trains - at a fundamental frequency f c , which then It is emitted by the emitting electric transducer 1.
- the signal emitted in the liquid is sinusoidal and its wavelength in the liquid is smaller than the smaller diameter of the bubbles to be classified.
- This signal is emitted by the transducer emitter 1, thus generating an ultrasonic field 16 corresponding to a coherent beam through which bubbles 17 pass.
- the bubbles 17 that cross the beam reflect the signal that is captured by the receiving electrical transducer 2, which also has a coherent directive gain.
- the electrical signal captured by the receiving electrical transducer 2 corresponding to the ultrasonic waves reflected by the bubbles 17, is processed by the ultrasonic signal receiving circuit 4, where it passes through the envelope detector 12 designed to capture the distinctive characteristics of the different Bubble sizes inherent in the ultrasound signals reflected by generating 2-D patterns in the time domain. These 2-D patterns have built-in information on the rate of rise of the bubbles, which in turn depends on their size.
- Figure 5 shows three examples of two-dimensional patterns, represented with normalized amplitude versus time in seconds, of three different bubble sizes, 2.5 mm, 5 mm and 6.5 mm, respectively. These graphs are the result after the signal captured by the receiver transducer 2, is processed with the band pass filter 10, amplified with the signal amplifier 11, and its envelope removed with the envelope detector 12 in the receiver circuit 4.
- the signals are processed for further classification.
- a scheme of the processing of the signals in the frequency domain is shown in Figure 6.
- these are filtered for noise elimination, and divided into frames or frames of constant duration that are multiplied by an appropriate window, such as Hamming, Hanning, etc.
- an appropriate window such as Hamming, Hanning, etc.
- FFT fast Fourier transform
- LPC linear prediction analysis
- the parameters for the classification of the bubble sizes are extracted, indicated in the scheme of Figure 6 as parametric extraction, these parameters can be spectral centroid, spectral entropy, spectral slope, or any other similar that can be derived from the FFT, and the LPC coefficients.
- the classification process consists of two stages: training a classifier and testing or operation with the trained classifier.
- a classifier is understood as those mathematical models that are implemented with a program within the digitized signal processor 6, such as neural networks or the Bayesian classifier.
- the training stage consists of entering and estimating the classifier coefficients, based on the parameters extracted in the frequency domain for the classification of bubbles of known sizes.
- the predictive polynomial coefficients themselves are used in the case of the LPC analysis, as well as the classification parameters extracted from the FFT of known bubble sizes.
- the analysis of unknown bubble sizes is performed, for which the necessary parameters for classification are extracted.
- the testing or operation stage consists in using said parameters for the classification of unknown sizes of bubbles and enter them into the trained classifier, which allows you to type or classify the bubbles within one of the previously trained sizes.
- the present invention allows the determination in line and without human supervision of the diameter of the bubbles, in contrast to other technologies such as those based on photographs.
- FIG 7 An embodiment of the invention is that shown in Figure 7, corresponding to a flotation cell 18 such as those used in mining, for the separation of particles of interest.
- the operation of selective separation of particles via flotation occurs from a suspension of said particles in a liquid medium, called pulp phase 19, which is introduced into the flotation cell 18.
- This industrial process consists of the injection of air 20 to through a tube to the flotation cell 18, where bubbles 17 are formed at the bottom of the cell, which begin their ascent at different speeds depending on their size.
- the bubbles 17 carry with them the suspended particles 21, which accumulate on the surface forming a foam phase 22 which is then permanently removed from the rest of the suspension constituting the process concentrate.
- the sizes of the bubbles in this process must be, depending on the case, approximately 1 mm, however it varies according to the air injection 20. When the bubble size mode is displaced towards significantly small or large values with respect to this value , the process becomes inefficient.
- the device for the classification of bubble sizes is inserted into the cell, as shown in Figure 7.
- the emitter 1 and receiver 2 electrical transducers were placed inside the flotation cell 18, operatively linked to the ultrasonic signal transmitter circuit 3 and the ultrasonic signal receiver circuit 4, respectively.
- the signal is generated by the signal transmitter circuit 3 and is emitted by the emitter electric transducer 1 forming an ultrasonic field.
- the captured signal is processed analogously by the ultrasonic signal receiving circuit 4, generating 2-D patterns in the time domain according to the bubble sizes.
- the analog / digital converter 5 allows the analog signal to be digitized for analysis by the digitized signal processor 6.
- the bubble sizes are then classified by processing the necessary parameters for classification within the trained classifier, which allows monitor the process of bubble formation in line and without human supervision, and thus automatically adjust, as far as possible, the injection of air to regulate the formation of bubbles of the size that is required for the process of floating them.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2015375301A AU2015375301A1 (en) | 2014-12-30 | 2015-12-29 | Device and method for bubble size classification in liquids |
US15/541,338 US20170356882A1 (en) | 2014-12-30 | 2015-12-29 | Device and method for bubble size classification in liquids |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CL2014003603A CL2014003603A1 (es) | 2014-12-30 | 2014-12-30 | Dispositivo para clasificación de tamaño de burbujas en un medio líquido, que comprende un transductor eléctrico emisor de señales ultrasónicas, un transductor eléctrico receptor de señales ultrasónicas, circuitos transmisores y receptores de señales ultrasónicas, un convertidor analógico-digital, y un procesador para señales digitalizadas; método asociado |
CL3603-2014 | 2014-12-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2016106464A1 true WO2016106464A1 (es) | 2016-07-07 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/CL2015/050061 WO2016106464A1 (es) | 2014-12-30 | 2015-12-29 | Dispositivo y método para la clasificación del tamaño de burbujas en un líquido |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20170356882A1 (es) |
AU (1) | AU2015375301A1 (es) |
CL (1) | CL2014003603A1 (es) |
WO (1) | WO2016106464A1 (es) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN107290429A (zh) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-10-24 | 无锡海鹰电子医疗系统有限公司 | 用于检测深层结构裂隙的超声测量系统及检测方法 |
JP2020143937A (ja) * | 2019-03-04 | 2020-09-10 | 中道鉄工株式会社 | 超音波式漏れ検査装置 |
JP2020143938A (ja) * | 2019-03-04 | 2020-09-10 | 中道鉄工株式会社 | 超音波式漏れ検査装置 |
JP7426071B2 (ja) * | 2019-12-18 | 2024-02-01 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | 気泡検出装置、気泡検出方法およびそのプログラム |
CN111189915B (zh) * | 2020-01-13 | 2022-08-19 | 明君 | 一种水力机械空化发生的实时判定方法 |
CN114137250B (zh) | 2021-12-02 | 2022-10-11 | 浙江大学 | 一种黏性流体气泡上升中速度和形变量的测量系统和方法 |
WO2024077112A1 (en) * | 2022-10-07 | 2024-04-11 | Labcyte Inc. | Ultrasonic bubble remediation |
CN117074520B (zh) * | 2023-10-12 | 2024-01-05 | 四川聚元药业集团有限公司 | 一种用于白芍提取液成份分析的检测系统 |
Citations (3)
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US4730493A (en) * | 1985-09-30 | 1988-03-15 | Novatome | Process and device for ultrasonic detection of gas bubbles in a liquid metal |
US7010962B2 (en) * | 2003-01-24 | 2006-03-14 | Sinha Naveen N | Characterization of liquids using gas bubbles |
WO2008097473A1 (en) * | 2007-02-06 | 2008-08-14 | Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. | Ultrasonic system for detecting and quantifying of air bubbles/particles in a flowing liquid |
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US20060060991A1 (en) * | 2004-09-21 | 2006-03-23 | Interuniversitair Microelektronica Centrum (Imec) | Method and apparatus for controlled transient cavitation |
US7805978B2 (en) * | 2006-10-24 | 2010-10-05 | Zevex, Inc. | Method for making and using an air bubble detector |
US8340913B2 (en) * | 2008-03-03 | 2012-12-25 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Phase behavior analysis using a microfluidic platform |
CA2623793C (en) * | 2008-03-03 | 2010-11-23 | Schlumberger Canada Limited | Microfluidic apparatus and method for measuring thermo-physical properties of a reservoir fluid |
US8336981B2 (en) * | 2009-10-08 | 2012-12-25 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Determining a healthy fluid ejection nozzle |
WO2013017969A1 (en) * | 2011-08-04 | 2013-02-07 | Sik- The Swedish Institute For Food And Biotechnology | Fluid visualisation and characterisation system and method; a transducer |
KR101647107B1 (ko) * | 2015-01-08 | 2016-08-11 | 한국원자력연구원 | 기포의 크기 및 개체수 조절장치와 조절방법 |
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2014
- 2014-12-30 CL CL2014003603A patent/CL2014003603A1/es unknown
-
2015
- 2015-12-29 US US15/541,338 patent/US20170356882A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-12-29 AU AU2015375301A patent/AU2015375301A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-12-29 WO PCT/CL2015/050061 patent/WO2016106464A1/es active Application Filing
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US4730493A (en) * | 1985-09-30 | 1988-03-15 | Novatome | Process and device for ultrasonic detection of gas bubbles in a liquid metal |
US7010962B2 (en) * | 2003-01-24 | 2006-03-14 | Sinha Naveen N | Characterization of liquids using gas bubbles |
WO2008097473A1 (en) * | 2007-02-06 | 2008-08-14 | Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. | Ultrasonic system for detecting and quantifying of air bubbles/particles in a flowing liquid |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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HUSSEIN, W. ET AL.: "A novel ultrasound based technique for classifying gas bubble sizes in liquids.", EN MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, vol. 25, no. 125302, 7 November 2014 (2014-11-07), pages 11 * |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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CL2014003603A1 (es) | 2015-07-10 |
AU2015375301A1 (en) | 2017-07-20 |
US20170356882A1 (en) | 2017-12-14 |
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