WO2016095485A1

WO2016095485A1 - Controlled distance indicating method, marking method and controlled distance indicating device for 3d laser marking machine, and 3d laser marking machine

Info

Publication number: WO2016095485A1
Application number: PCT/CN2015/082724
Authority: WO
Inventors: 徐强
Original assignee: 广州创乐激光设备有限公司
Priority date: 2014-12-18
Filing date: 2015-06-30
Publication date: 2016-06-23
Also published as: CN104553353A; CN104553353B

Abstract

A controlled distance indicating method and a marking method for a 3D laser marking machine, a controlled distance indicating device using the indicating method, and a 3D laser marking machine using the indicating device. The controlled distance indicating device comprises a visible light indicator (310, 410), a light splitting unit (322, 422) that is driven by a high-speed motor (321, 421) and a control unit. The light splitting unit performs high-speed reciprocating movement between a first position and a second position. A visible light beam (350, 450) is reflected by the light splitting unit at the first position to form a reference light beam (351, 451) and is reflected by the light splitting unit at the second position to form a deflected light beam (352, 452), and the reference light beam and the deflected light beam may be regarded as two beams of light when seen by naked eyes. The control unit calculates the difference between the first position and the second position, so that the intersection point of the deflected light beam and the reference light beam that is reflected by a reflection unit (340, 440) corresponds to an initial focus of the 3D laser marking machine. Accordingly, the initial focal length of the laser marking machine can be shown by controlling the intersection of visible light beams, and the controlled distance indicating device can automatically focus and can accurately and quickly complete the indication work for the initial focal length.

Description

Controllable distance indication method, marking method, controllable distance indicating device and 3D laser marking machine for 3D laser marking machine

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of laser marking, in particular to a controllable distance indication method for laser marking of a three-dimensional surface of an object, a marking method, a controllable distance indicating device applying the method and a 3D laser marking machine.

Background technique

The laser marking machine is a technique that uses a laser beam to permanently mark a surface of a material. The technology produces a laser beam through a laser, undergoes a series of optical conduction and processing, and finally focuses the beam through the optical lens, and then deflects the focused high-energy beam to a specified position on the surface of the object to be processed. The laser marking machine can mark various characters, symbols and patterns, and the market has broad application prospects.

Conventional laser marking machines only mark on a two-dimensional plane. In the marking, since the laser beam is not visible, in order to determine whether the marking object is located in the laser marking area (positioning) and focus (fixed focus), the distance between the marking plane and the field lens is generally measured with a ruler, or Pre-marking on the test board to determine if it is in focus, these traditional methods of operation require multiple measurements and are very inefficient. As an improvement, the existing two-dimensional laser marking machine adds a red light indicator for positioning and focusing. Red light is used instead of the invisible laser to provide preview and focus for the marking position. For details, refer to an autofocus device of a marking machine disclosed in the patent document CN201446774U. In this solution, a cross red light emitter is disposed on each side of the scanning device, and the intersection of the cross red light emitted by the cross red light emitters on both sides coincides with the focus of the laser. When in use, the adjustment causes a red light intersection to appear on the object to be marked, so that the marking object is located at the focus of the laser. Since the focal length of the two-dimensional laser marking machine is constant, this method can greatly improve the working efficiency for the conventional two-dimensional plane laser marking machine.

With the development of technology, 3D laser marking that can mark on three-dimensional surface has become a hot research and development point in the industry. Compared with the traditional 2D laser marking, the 3D laser marking machine adopts a dynamic focusing seat. By software control and moving the dynamic focusing mirror, the laser beam is variablely expanded before the laser is focused, thereby changing the focal length of the laser beam to achieve the height. Accurate surface focusing processing of different objects. Therefore, 3D marking requires a significant reduction in the surface flatness of the object to be processed, and laser marking can be performed on a non-planar surface. However, the positioning and fixed focus of the 3D laser marking machine has become a new problem. Since the focal length of the 3D laser marking machine is varied, the focusing system of the existing two-dimensional laser marking machine cannot meet the requirements.

In the 3D laser marking process, the marking area of the marking object is spatially modeled and stored in a software system, and the reference point coordinates of any marking object can be set in the space modeling, the reference point coordinates It is also the focus point of the laser, which corresponds to a point on the marking object in the actual space as the reference point, that is, as long as the laser head can be accurately positioned and focused on the reference point of the object when marking, the subsequent computer can adjust the focal length. Laser marking of other parts of the three-dimensional surface. The problem is that before the marking starts, the marking object needs to be placed on the marking platform so that the object corresponds to the reference point. However, the lack of positioning structure, it is difficult for the technician to accurately position and adjust the position and height of the marking object, and the 3D surface marking requires very high precision. As long as the position or height of the marking object is deviated, it is likely to cause the whole The distortion of the marking pattern. In addition, Due to the complexity of the surface of the three-dimensional marking object, the setting requirements of the reference point are flexible, so the conventional fixed focusing system has been unable to achieve the requirements of 3D laser marking.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a controllable distance indication method for a 3D laser marking machine, which can automatically indicate the height position of the reference point in the modeling in space, thereby facilitating the positioning of the marking object during processing. .

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention discloses a controllable distance indication method for a 3D laser marking machine, the method comprising a visible light indicator, a beam splitting unit driven by a high speed motor, and a control unit; the splitting unit can be in the first position Reciprocatingly moving between the second position and the second position, the spectroscopic unit reflects the visible light beam emitted by the visible light indicator, the visible light beam is reflected out of the reference light beam at the first position, and the deflected light beam is reflected at the second position, because the light splitting unit is The high speed motor controls the reciprocating movement so that the reference beam and the deflected beam can be visually seen as two beams;

a light reflecting path is disposed on the optical path of the reference beam, the reflecting unit reflects the reference beam to deflect in a direction of the deflected beam; and the control unit calculates the spectroscopic unit according to an initial focal length of the 3D laser marking machine focusing on the reference point a difference between a position and a second position, the difference being such that the deflected beam and the reference beam reflected by the reflecting unit meet in the marking area, the intersection corresponding to an initial focus of the 3D laser marking machine;

Alternatively, the deflecting beam is disposed on the optical path of the deflected beam, and the reflecting unit reflects the deflected beam to deflect in a direction of the reference beam; the control unit calculates the splitting according to an initial focal length of the reference point of the 3D laser marking machine a difference between the first position of the unit and the second position, the difference causing the deflected beam to intersect with the reference beam in the marking area after being reflected by the reflecting unit, the intersection corresponding to the initial focus of the 3D laser marking machine.

The indication method of the invention is simple to use, and deflects a beam of visible light at high speed by a human eye error and a high-speed motor running at a high speed. When the speed is fast enough, a beam of visible light will become two visible beams in the eyes of the human eye. Then, one of the beams is reflected again to the other beam, so that a visible beam can be converted into two beams that can meet each other. The visible beam of the present invention controls the deflection of the motor through the control unit to automatically adjust the deflection, as opposed to Manual adjustment of the indication method of the present invention is more time-saving and enables a more accurate indication of the height at which the focus of the 3D laser marking machine is marked.

Preferably, the first position and the second position of the beam splitting unit are in an angular relationship, and the control unit obtains the first position of the light splitting unit by the coordinates of the initial focus of the 3D laser marking machine according to the triangular geometric calculation method. The deflection angle of the second position.

Preferably, the obtained deflection angle values corresponding to different initial focus are stored in a database, and the deflection angle value of the beam splitting unit is obtained by matching in use.

Preferably, the deflection angle of the spectroscopic unit is corrected by interpolation error compensation. In practice, errors may occur due to installation errors, operational errors, or circuit influences, so that the reference beam and the deflected beam do not meet at the focus of the laser marking. At this time, the error is compensated by interpolation, so that the visible light of the present invention can be accurately Indicates the focus of the laser marking and improves the accuracy of the marking.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a marking method for a 3D laser marking machine using the above indication method, and the specific steps of the marking method are as follows:

(1) Three-dimensional modeling of the surface of the object to be marked to form a three-dimensional model;

(2) selecting any point on the three-dimensional model as a reference point to obtain the coordinates of the reference point;

(3) according to the coordinates of the reference point, set the reference point at the focus, and obtain the initial focal length;

(4) obtaining, according to the initial focal length, a difference between the first position and the second position of the light splitting unit by a triangular geometric calculation method;

(5) the difference causes the deflected beam to intersect with the reference beam reflected by the reflecting unit in the marking area, the intersection corresponding to the initial focus of the 3D laser marking machine;

Alternatively, the difference causes the deflected beam to intersect with the reference beam in the marking area after being reflected by the reflecting unit, the intersection corresponding to the initial focus of the 3D laser marking machine;

(6) making the position of the corresponding reference point on the marking object at the height of the intersection;

(7) Start marking.

Preferably, the first position and the second position of the beam splitting unit are in an angular relationship, and the value of the deflection angle corresponding to the different initial focus obtained by the control unit according to the triangular geometric calculation method is stored in the database. In use, the deflection angle value is obtained by matching; and the interpolation compensation error is also included to correct the deflection angle of the beam splitting unit.

Preferably, a second reflective lens driven by the second motor is disposed between the visible light indicator and the light splitting unit, and the visible light beam is reflected by the second reflective lens and then reflected by the light splitting unit, by adding a second reflective lens, The reference beam and the deflected beam are adjusted to expand the marking range so that the intersection of the two beams can indicate any point on a certain plane, improving the utility of the device.

Preferably, the reflecting unit is fixedly disposed on the 3D laser marking machine, or the angle of the reflecting unit is adjustable. When the angle of the reflecting unit is adjustable, the deflection angle of the reflecting unit can be adjusted during the initial installation. The reference beam or the deflected beam is adjusted such that the two beams are on the same plane, ensuring that the reference beam and the deflected beam can meet.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a controllable distance indicating device for a 3D laser marking machine to which the above indication method is applied, comprising a visible light indicator, a beam splitting unit driven by a high speed motor, and a control unit; the light splitting unit can be first Reciprocatingly moving between the position and the second position, the spectroscopic unit reflects the visible light beam emitted by the visible light indicator, the visible light beam is reflected out of the reference beam at the first position, and the deflected beam is reflected at the second position, due to the splitting unit The high speed motor controls the reciprocating movement so that the reference beam and the deflected beam can be visually seen as two beams;

Preferably, the light splitting unit is deflected back and forth within a certain angular range, and the deflection angle of one end of the light splitting unit when deflecting back and forth is fixed, the end is the first position, and the deflection angle of the other end is adjustable. The end is the second position.

Preferably, a second reflective lens driven by the second motor is disposed between the visible light indicator and the light splitting unit, the splitting unit and the second reflective lens have an angle in space, and the visible light beam passes through the second reflective lens and After the spectroscopic unit is reflected, it can move at any position on one plane. When the beam splitting unit and the second reflecting mirror are provided to reflect the visible light beam twice, the beam splitting unit and the second reflecting mirror may be an X galvanometer and a Y galvanometer inside the marking head, and the reflecting unit is set in the 3D laser. The inside of the field lens or the field lens of the marking machine; at this time, the visible light beam emitted by the visible light indicator is coincident with the laser light path for marking, and the indicating device of the present invention is used for combining the visible light beam and the laser beam. The invention also includes a combining unit disposed in the laser beam path, the visible light indicator being located at one side of the combining unit, capable of emitting a visible light beam to the combining unit, the visible light beam passing through the combining unit and coincident with the optical path of the laser beam And emit to the X galvanometer and Y galvanometer.

The above-mentioned X-ray mirror and Y-galvanometer provided by the laser marking head directly realize the automatic adjustment of the deflection angle of the visible beam, and only need to be slightly modified on the basis of the original laser marking to improve the utilization of resources and the structure of the device. Simple, easy to install, visible beam and laser combination can improve the accuracy of the indication and improve the accuracy of marking.

Preferably, the reflecting unit is fixedly disposed on the 3D laser marking machine, or the angle of the reflecting unit is adjustable.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a 3D laser marking machine using the above-mentioned controllable distance indicating device. The marking machine has the characteristics of simplicity, flexibility, high processing precision and low cost, and the present invention designs the following two schemes:

Solution 1: The 3D marking machine disclosed in the present invention comprises a reference plate, a control unit, a lifting frame perpendicular to the reference plate, and a marking head located on the lifting frame, wherein the marking head is provided with a laser, a field mirror and an X-ray. The mirror and the Y galvanometer further include a visible light indicator, a combining unit, and a reflecting unit disposed inside or above the field lens, wherein the visible light beam emitted by the visible light indicator passes through the combining unit and coincides with the optical path of the laser, and The Y galvanometer emits and is reflected by the Y galvanometer and then is directed to the X galvanometer. The deflection angles of the X galvanometer and the Y galvanometer are controlled by the control unit; the X galvanometer is deflected back and forth within a certain angular range, and X When the galvanometer is deflected back and forth, the deflection angle of one end is fixed, the end is the first position, the deflection angle of the other end is adjustable, and the end is the second position, and the visible beam is reflected out of the reference beam at the first position. Reflecting the deflected beam at the second position;

a light reflecting path is disposed on the optical path of the reference beam, the reflecting unit reflects the reference beam to deflect in a direction of the deflected beam; the control unit controls a deflection angle of the X galvanometer at the second position, so that the deflected beam is reflected The intersection of the reference beam reflected by the unit corresponds to the initial focus of the 3D laser marking machine;

Alternatively, a light reflecting path is disposed on the optical path of the deflected beam, the reflecting unit reflects the deflected light beam to deflect in a direction of the reference beam; and the control unit controls a deflection angle of the X galvanometer at the second position, so that the deflected beam is at The intersection of the reflected beam and the reference beam corresponds to the initial focus of the 3D laser marker.

Preferably, the combining unit is a combined lens, the combining lens is disposed in an optical path of the laser, and the visible light indicator is located at one side of the combining lens, and emits a visible light beam to the combining lens; or The combining unit is an optical fiber that is connected to the laser optical path, and the visible light indicator is connected to the optical fiber.

Solution 2: The 3D marking machine disclosed in the present invention comprises a reference plate, a control unit, a lifting frame perpendicular to the reference plate, and a marking head located on the lifting frame, wherein the marking head is provided with a laser capable of emitting visible laser light, The field mirror, the X galvanometer and the Y galvanometer further comprise a reflection unit disposed inside or above the field lens, the visible laser light emitted by the laser is a visible light beam, and the visible light beam is emitted to the Y galvanometer, and the Y galvanometer is After being reflected, it is directed to the X galvanometer. The deflection angles of the X galvanometer and the Y galvanometer are controlled by the control unit; the X galvanometer is deflected back and forth within a certain angular range, and the X galvanometer is deflected back and forth. The deflection angle is fixed, the end is the first position, the deflection angle of the other end is adjustable, and the end is the second position, the visible beam is reflected out of the reference beam at the first position, and is reflected at the second position. Deflecting the beam;

a light reflecting path is disposed on the optical path of the reference beam, the reflecting unit reflects the reference beam to deflect in a direction of the deflected beam; the control unit controls a deflection angle of the X galvanometer at the second position, so that the deflected beam is reflected The intersection of the reference beams reflected by the unit corresponds to the initial focus of the 3D laser marking machine;

Alternatively, the deflecting beam is disposed on the optical path of the deflected beam, and the reflecting unit reflects the deflected beam to deflect in the direction of the reference beam; the control unit controls the deflection angle of the X galvanometer at the second position such that the deflected beam is at The intersection of the reflected beam and the reference beam corresponds to the initial focus of the 3D laser marker.

Preferably, the laser capable of emitting visible laser light is a green laser with a wavelength range of 400-800 nm. When indicating a controllable distance, the laser is set to a non-marking power state, and the visible light is replaced by a laser visible by itself. And the combination of visible light and laser light makes the device simple, and since visible light is laser light, the indication is more precise and the accuracy of marking is improved.

The reflective unit of the present invention is a multi-faceted prism or a planar mirror, or other means that can be used for reflection.

DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic view showing the working principle of the controllable distance indicating device of the first embodiment;

2 is a schematic view showing the working principle of the controllable distance indicating device of the second embodiment;

3 is an analytical diagram of the working principle of the controllable distance indicating device of the second embodiment;

4 is a schematic diagram showing the position structure of the controllable distance indicating device of the second embodiment when used in a marking machine;

5 is a schematic structural diagram showing a deviation value displayed by the controllable distance indicating device of the second embodiment;

6 is a schematic diagram showing the working principle of the controllable distance indicating device of the third embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the working principle of the controllable distance indicating device of the fourth embodiment.

detailed description

The invention provides a controllable distance indication method applied in the field of 3D laser marking machine, the method relates to a visible light indicator, a beam splitting unit driven by a high speed motor, and a control unit; the splitting unit can be in the first position and the first The high-speed reciprocating movement is performed between the two positions, the spectroscopic unit is configured to reflect the visible light beam emitted by the visible light indicator, the visible light beam is reflected out of the reference light beam at the first position, and the deflected light beam is reflected at the second position, due to the light splitting unit High-speed reciprocating movement, so that the reference beam and the deflected beam can be seen by the naked eye as two beams;

Alternatively, the deflecting beam is disposed on the optical path of the deflected beam, and the reflecting unit reflects the deflected beam to deflect in a direction of the reference beam; the control unit calculates the splitting according to an initial focal length of the reference point of the 3D laser marking machine a difference between the first position of the unit and the second position, the difference being such that the deflected beam and the reference beam reflected by the reflecting unit meet in the marking area, the intersection corresponding to the initial focus of the 3D laser marking machine.

Since the human eye will produce a visual stop error, when the rotational speed of the reflecting device is greater than the dwell time of the human eye, the visible beam is always in a deflected state, but the human eye sees the high-speed deflected beam as two beams. Then, one of the beams is reflected by the reflecting unit, so that the two beams meet each other, and the height of the intersection is the height of the laser marking. The method uses a visible light indicator to indicate the laser marking height, and the structure is simple. low cost.

In the present invention, the first position and the second position of the beam splitting unit are in an angular relationship, and the control unit is based on a triangular geometric calculation method (the spatial coordinates of the initial focus, the direction of the reference beam, the direction of the deflected beam, and the splitting are known in software) The position of the unit, the triangulation method can be used to calculate the deflection angle of the first reflecting device at the second position when the reference beam and the deflecting beam meet at the initial focus) the spectroscopic unit corresponding to each marking height segment is in the first position and The deflection angle of the two positions is measured and calculated, and the deflection height value of the marking height segment and the spectroscopic unit is built into a database, and then the database is imported into the control unit, and the database is called and executed according to the required marking height at the time of use. Matching, the deflection angle of the spectroscopic unit corresponding to the marking height can be obtained, and the marking height can be indicated by the reference beam and the deflecting beam.

Under normal circumstances, the preliminary marking height data can be obtained by the above method, but in practice, due to processing error, installation level, circuit influence and other factors, the commissioning personnel need to divide the lifting stroke into multiple segments, and measure the actual values in multiple segments. △ Deviation from the theoretical value △', then input the value into the software system to create a database, and use the software algorithm to control the motor to correct the offset angle to ensure that the last two visible lights merge into one point. The above is to compensate for the deviation by interpolation, and the marking height is corrected to make the marking point more accurate.

When the visible beam is reflected twice by the beam splitting unit and the second reflecting mirror, the beam splitting unit may be fixed first, and the second reflecting mirror is adjusted by interpolation. If the accurate value is not obtained, the second reflecting mirror is fixed and adjusted. The originally fixed beam splitting unit is cycled until the height of the initial focal length of the 3D marking is compensated.

Before using the marking instruction device and the marking machine realized by the method, the machine is generally first corrected. The debugging personnel first divides the lifting stroke into multiple segments, and measures the actual deviation value △ and the theoretical deviation value for each segment separately. '(See Figure 5 for △ when two transmitting lenses are displayed), then input the value into the software system to form a database, calculate the compensation angle of the second visible light beam corresponding to each △ according to the interpolation algorithm, and deflect the second visible beam to The corresponding location, the database is shown in the table below.

区段Section	测量值Measurements	理论值Theoretical value	软件算法得出偏转角Software algorithm results in deflection angle
区段Section	测量值Measurements	理论值Theoretical value	软件算法得出偏转角Software algorithm results in deflection angle	0-1区段0-1 section	(X,Y)(X,Y)	(X’,Y’)(X’, Y’)	θθ
1-2区段1-2 section	(X1,Y1)(X1, Y1)	(X1’,Y1’)(X1’, Y1’)	θ1Θ1	0-1区段0-1 section	(X,Y)(X,Y)	(X’,Y’)(X’, Y’)	θθ
1-2区段1-2 section	(X1,Y1)(X1, Y1)	(X1’,Y1’)(X1’, Y1’)	θ1Θ1	2-3区段2-3 section	(X2,Y2)(X2, Y2)	(X2’,Y2’)(X2’, Y2’)	θ2Θ2
以此类推...And so on...	以此类推...And so on...	以此类推...And so on...	以此类推...And so on...	2-3区段2-3 section	(X2,Y2)(X2, Y2)	(X2’,Y2’)(X2’, Y2’)	θ2Θ2

The invention also provides a 3D laser marking machine marking method applying the above distance indicating method, and the specific steps of the method are as follows:

(7) Start marking.

The first position and the second position of the beam splitting unit are in an angular relationship, and the value of the deflection angle corresponding to the different initial focus obtained by the control unit according to the triangular geometric calculation method is stored in the database, and is used in use. The matching method obtains the deflection angle value of each time; and further includes an interpolation method compensation error to correct the deflection angle of the beam splitting unit.

A second reflecting lens driven by the second motor is disposed between the visible light indicator and the beam splitting unit in the marking method, and the visible light beam is reflected by the second reflecting mirror and then reflected by the beam splitting unit, and by adding the second reflecting lens, Adjusting the reference beam and the deflected beam can expand the marking range so that the intersection of the two beams can indicate any point on a certain plane, improving the usability of the device.

The reflection unit is fixedly disposed on the 3D laser marking machine, or the angle of the reflection unit is adjustable. When the angle of the reflection unit is adjustable, when the initial installation is performed, the deflection angle of the reflection unit can be adjusted to the reference beam. Or the deflected beam is adjusted so that the two beams are on the same plane, ensuring that the reference beam and the deflected beam can meet.

Hereinafter, the method and apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which can be realized by the following embodiments.

Embodiment 1

Referring to FIG. 1, the pointing device of the present embodiment includes a visible light indicator 110, a light splitting unit 122 driven by a high speed motor 121, and a control unit. The visible light indicator 110 emits a visible light beam 150, and a light splitting unit is disposed in the line of the visible light beam 150. 122. The light splitting unit 122 is movable at a high speed between the first position and the second position. The light splitting unit 122 is configured to reflect the visible light beam 150 emitted by the visible light indicator 110. The visible light beam 150 is in the first position. The reference beam 151 is reflected out and reflected off the deflected beam 152 at the second position. Due to the high speed reciprocating movement of the beam splitting unit 122, the reference beam 151 and the deflected beam 152 can be visually seen as two beams.

The deflecting unit 140 is disposed on the optical path of the deflected beam 152, and the reflecting unit 140 reflects the deflecting beam 152 to deflect in the direction of the reference beam 151; the control unit focuses on the initial focal length of the reference point according to the 3D laser marking machine Calculating a difference between the first position and the second position of the beam splitting unit 122, the difference such that the deflected light beam 152 is reflected by the reflecting unit 140 and intersects with the reference beam 151 in the marking area, and the intersection corresponds to the 3D laser marking machine The initial focus. The beam splitting unit 122 of the present invention is a first reflecting mirror.

In a specific implementation, the beam splitting unit 122 is deflected back and forth within a certain angular range, and the deflection angle of the beam splitting unit 122 at the first position is fixed, that is, the deflection direction of the reference beam 151 is fixed, and the deflection angle of the second position is adjustable. , that is, the deflection angle of the deflected beam 152 is variable, so in actual control, the control unit controls the beam splitting unit 122 at The deflection angle value of a position is unchanged, and the deflection angle of the beam splitting unit 122 at the second position is controlled such that the deflection beam 152 is reflected by the reflection unit 140 and the intersection of the reference beam 151 corresponds to the initial focus of the 3D laser marker.

The principle that different intersections can correspond to the height without height is that the 3D laser marking machine spatially models the marking object through the corresponding software. When marking, first select an approved initial marking point on the marking object as a hit. The reference point of the target, the focal length of the laser marking corresponding to the reference point is the initial focal length, according to the space modeling operator, the coordinates of any point of the marking object can be obtained, so the coordinates of the selected reference point are known, ie The initial focal length of the reference point can be known. In addition, the angle of one of the rays (the reference beam 151) is known to be fixed, and the reference beam 151 has an intersection point at the height of the reference point. At this time, the deflection after the reflection by the reflection unit 140 The beam 152 needs to pass through the above-mentioned intersection point. In the case of a known intersection point, the deflection angle of the deflected beam 152 can be obtained according to the optical geometric principle, and the control unit controls the beam splitting unit 122 to deflect the second position to the corresponding position according to the deflection angle of the light. After deflection, the reference beam and the deflected beam will meet at the height of the reference point, which is the height at which the object is marked.

Embodiment 2

The above embodiment 1 can complete the indication work of the laser marking height, but affected by the installation error, the personnel operation deviation and the circuit, etc., the reference beam and the deflected beam may not be in the same plane, and the two beams have no intersection point. This is done by this embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 2 to FIG. 5, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that a second reflective lens 232 driven by the second motor 231 is disposed between the visible light indicator 210 and the beam splitting unit 222. The beam splitting unit 222 and the second reflecting mirror 232 driven by the high speed motor 221 have an angle in space, and the visible light beam 250 is reflected by the second reflecting mirror 232 and the beam splitting unit 222 to realize movement at any position on a plane; When the visible light beam 250 is reflected twice by the light splitting unit 222 and the second reflective lens 232, the light splitting unit 222 and the second reflective lens 232 may be an X galvanometer and a Y galvanometer inside the marking head, and the reflecting unit 240 is provided. In the field lens of the marking head of the 3D laser marking machine or above the field lens; at this time, the visible light beam 250 emitted by the visible light indicator 210 is coincident with the laser light path for marking, in order to combine the visible light beam 250 and the laser beam. The indicating device 210 of the present invention further includes a combining unit disposed in the laser beam path, the visible light indicator being located at one side of the combining unit, and the visible beam is emitted to the combining unit, After the light beam combining unit and the optical path of the laser coincides to transmit X and Y galvanometer galvanometer.

The reflection unit 240 of the present invention is fixedly disposed inside or on the field lens of the 3D laser marking machine, or the angle of the reflection unit 240 is adjustable. When the angle of the reflection unit 240 is adjustable, it can be passed during the initial installation. Adjusting the deflection angle of the reflection unit 240 adjusts the reference beam 251 or the deflected beam 252 such that the two beams are on the same plane, ensuring that the reference beam and the deflected beam can meet.

The controllable distance indicating device of the present invention is a separate module externally placed on the 3D laser marking machine, or the visible distance indicating device adopts the visible light indicator 210 of the 3D laser marking machine, the beam splitting unit 222 and the reflecting unit 240 as the 3D laser. The built-in parts of the marking machine.

In the embodiment, the second reflective lens 232 is added, and the deflection of the beam splitting unit 222 and the second reflective lens 232 is adjusted. The angle can solve the disjoint phenomenon caused by the error in the first embodiment, and ensure that the reference beam 251 and the deflected beam 252 can meet. This embodiment can not only solve the installation error, but also ensure that the beams can intersect and make the device more scientific and reasonable.

The laser marking machine applying the controllable distance indicating device of the embodiment comprises a reference plate, a control unit, a lifting frame perpendicular to the reference plate, and a marking head located on the lifting frame, wherein the marking head is provided with a laser and a field mirror The X galvanometer and the Y galvanometer further include a visible light indicator, a combining unit, and a reflecting unit disposed inside or above the field lens, wherein the visible light beam passes through the combining unit and coincides with the optical path of the laser, and is reflected to the Y galvanometer The emission, reflected by the Y galvanometer, is directed to the X galvanometer, and the deflection angles of the X galvanometer and the Y galvanometer are controlled by the control unit; the X galvanometer is deflected back and forth within a certain angular range, and the X galvanometer is The deflection angle of one end is fixed when deflecting back and forth, the end is the first position, the deflection angle of the other end is adjustable, and the end is the second position, and the visible beam 250 is reflected out of the reference beam 251 at the first position, The second position is reflected off the deflected beam 252; the deflecting unit 240 is disposed on the optical path of the deflected beam 252, the reflecting unit 240 reflects the deflected beam 252 to deflect in the direction of the reference beam 251; the control unit is used to control X galvanometer The deflection angle of the second position causes the deflection beam to reflect the initial focus of the 3D laser marker after being reflected by the reflection unit 240 and the intersection of the reference beam 251.

The visible light indicator 210 and the combining unit of the above marking machine may be placed inside or outside the laser, the combining unit may be a combined lens, the combined lens is disposed in the optical path of the laser, and the visible light indicator 210 is located Combining one side of the lens and emitting a visible light beam 250 to the combining lens; or, the combining unit is an optical fiber that is connected to the laser beam path, and the visible light indicator 210 is connected to the optical fiber.

When the laser of the marking machine is a laser capable of emitting visible laser light, the above-mentioned combining unit and visible light indicator 210 can be omitted, and the visible laser is equivalent to a visible light beam; at this time, the laser capable of emitting visible laser light is For a green laser with a wavelength range of 400-800 nm, when the controllable distance is indicated, the power of the laser is set to a low power state at the time of non-marking, and the controllable distance is indicated by the laser visible to itself, thereby making the device simple. And since visible light is a laser, the accuracy of marking can be improved.

In the present invention, the marking focus of the laser is indicated by visualizing the focus of the two visible lights. The visible light of the present invention is specifically red light, and other visible light may be used.

The color of visible light is determined by the wavelength of light. Generally, the human eye can perceive the wavelength of light at 400 to 800 nanometers, and the vast majority of the laser band is outside the visible range of the human eye. Therefore, the combined lens is generally adopted in the above manner (or The method is a beam combiner, a fiber coupling, etc.) combining the red light generated by the red light indicator with the laser light generated by the laser, and displaying the laser light through the red light, so that the laser has "visibility" to achieve the indication effect; In addition, the laser generated by the laser of the green laser is generally 400 to 800 nm, which is in the range visible to the human eye. Therefore, a green laser can be used instead of the above-mentioned invisible laser, eliminating the need for red light and laser combining. In part, the mechanism using a green laser is simple and easy to install.

Embodiment 3

Referring to FIG. 6 , the structure of the present embodiment is similar to that of the first embodiment, and includes a visible light indicator 310 that can emit a visible light beam 350 and a light splitting unit 322 that is controlled by the high speed motor 321 . The difference is that the reflective unit 340 is disposed in the embodiment. In the optical path of the reference beam 351, that is, the reference beam 351 reflected by the spectroscopic unit 322 at the first position is reflected by the reflection unit 340 and is incident on the deflected beam 352.

Embodiment 4

The embodiment is designed on the basis of the third embodiment. Although the third embodiment can complete the indication work of the laser marking height, the reference beam and the deflected visible beam may not be caused by factors such as installation error, personnel operation deviation and circuit influence. In the same plane, the two beams do not have a junction, which can be done by this embodiment. The added portion of this embodiment functions the same as the second embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 7, the difference between this embodiment and the third embodiment is that the present embodiment provides a second reflection driven by the second motor 431 between the visible light indicator 410 and the beam splitting unit 422 driven by the high speed motor 421. The lens 432, the beam splitting unit 422 and the second reflecting mirror 432 have an angle in space, and the visible light beam 450 is reflected by the second reflecting mirror 432 and the beam splitting unit 422 to realize movement at any position on one plane.

The contents of the above second embodiment are also applicable to other embodiments.

Variations and modifications of the above-described embodiments may also be made by those skilled in the art in light of the above disclosure. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described herein, and the modifications and variations of the invention are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims. In addition, although specific terms are used in the specification, these terms are merely for convenience of description and do not limit the invention.

Claims

A controllable distance indicating method for a 3D laser marking machine, characterized in that the method relates to a visible light indicator, a beam splitting unit driven by a high speed motor, and a control unit; the splitting unit can be in the first position and the second position Moving reciprocally, the beam splitting unit reflects the visible light beam emitted by the visible light indicator. The visible light beam is reflected out of the reference beam at the first position, and the deflected beam is reflected at the second position. Since the beam splitting unit is controlled to reciprocate by the high speed motor, Making the reference beam and the deflected beam visible to the naked eye as two beams;

a light reflecting path is disposed on the optical path of the reference beam, the reflecting unit reflects the reference beam to deflect in a direction of the deflected beam; and the control unit calculates the spectroscopic unit according to an initial focal length of the 3D laser marking machine focusing on the reference point a difference between a position and a second position, the difference being such that the deflected beam and the reference beam reflected by the reflecting unit meet in the marking area, the intersection corresponding to an initial focus of the 3D laser marking machine;

Alternatively, the deflecting beam is disposed on the optical path of the deflected beam, and the reflecting unit reflects the deflected beam to deflect in a direction of the reference beam; the control unit calculates the splitting according to an initial focal length of the reference point of the 3D laser marking machine a difference between the first position of the unit and the second position, the difference causing the deflected beam to intersect with the reference beam in the marking area after being reflected by the reflecting unit, the intersection corresponding to the initial focus of the 3D laser marking machine.
The controllable distance indicating method according to claim 1, wherein the first position and the second position of the beam splitting unit are in an angular relationship, and the control unit passes the 3D laser marking machine according to a triangular geometric calculation method. The coordinates of the initial focus are obtained by obtaining the deflection angles of the first position and the second position of the beam splitting unit.
The controllable distance indication method according to claim 2, wherein the obtained deflection angle values corresponding to different initial focus are stored in a database, and the deflection angle value of the beam splitting unit is obtained by matching in use.
The controllable distance indication method according to claim 3, wherein the deflection angle of the spectroscopic unit is corrected by an interpolation method to compensate for an error.
A marking method for a 3D laser marking machine to which the method of claim 1 is applied, characterized in that:

(1) Three-dimensional modeling of the surface of the object to be marked to form a three-dimensional model;

(2) selecting any point on the three-dimensional model as a reference point to obtain the coordinates of the reference point;

(3) according to the coordinates of the reference point, set the reference point at the focus, and obtain the initial focal length;

(4) obtaining, according to the initial focal length, a difference between the first position and the second position of the light splitting unit by a triangular geometric calculation method;

(5) the difference causes the deflected beam to intersect with the reference beam reflected by the reflecting unit in the marking area, the intersection corresponding to the initial focus of the 3D laser marking machine;

Alternatively, the difference causes the deflected beam to intersect with the reference beam in the marking area after being reflected by the reflecting unit, the intersection corresponding to the initial focus of the 3D laser marking machine;

(6) making the position of the corresponding reference point on the marking object at the height of the intersection;

(7) Start marking.
The marking method according to claim 5, wherein the first position and the second position of the beam splitting unit are in an angular relationship, and the corresponding initials obtained by the control unit according to the triangular geometric calculation method in the step 4 The deflection angle value of the focus is stored in the database, and each time the deflection angle value is obtained by matching in use; and the interpolation compensation error is also included to correct the deflection angle of the beam splitting unit.
The marking method according to claim 5, wherein between said visible light indicator and said beam splitting unit A second reflecting lens driven by the second motor is disposed, and the visible light beam is reflected by the second reflecting mirror and then reflected by the beam splitting unit.
The marking method according to claim 5, wherein the reflecting unit is fixedly disposed on the 3D laser marking machine, or the angle of the reflecting unit is adjustable.
A controllable distance indicating device for a 3D laser marking machine to which the method of claim 1 is applied, comprising: a visible light indicator, a beam splitting unit driven by a high speed motor; and a control unit; Reciprocatingly moving between the position and the second position, the spectroscopic unit reflects the visible light beam emitted by the visible light indicator, the visible light beam is reflected out of the reference beam at the first position, and the deflected beam is reflected at the second position, due to the splitting unit The high speed motor controls the reciprocating movement so that the reference beam and the deflected beam can be visually seen as two beams;

a light reflecting path is disposed on the optical path of the reference beam, the reflecting unit reflects the reference beam to deflect in a direction of the deflected beam; and the control unit calculates the spectroscopic unit according to an initial focal length of the 3D laser marking machine focusing on the reference point a difference between a position and a second position, the difference being such that the deflected beam and the reference beam reflected by the reflecting unit meet in the marking area, the intersection corresponding to an initial focus of the 3D laser marking machine;

Alternatively, the deflecting beam is disposed on the optical path of the deflected beam, and the reflecting unit reflects the deflected beam to deflect in a direction of the reference beam; the control unit calculates the splitting according to an initial focal length of the reference point of the 3D laser marking machine a difference between the first position of the unit and the second position, the difference causing the deflected beam to intersect with the reference beam in the marking area after being reflected by the reflecting unit, the intersection corresponding to the initial focus of the 3D laser marking machine.
The controllable distance indicating device according to claim 9, wherein the beam splitting unit is deflected back and forth within a certain angular range, and the deflection angle of one end of the beam splitting unit when deflecting back and forth is fixed, and the end is the first In one position, the deflection angle at the other end is adjustable, and this end is the second position.
The controllable distance indicating device according to claim 9, wherein a second reflecting lens driven by the second motor is disposed between the visible light indicator and the beam splitting unit, and the splitting unit and the second reflecting lens are The space has an angle, and the visible light beam can be moved at any position on a plane after being reflected by the second reflecting lens and the beam splitting unit.
The controllable distance indicating device according to claim 9, wherein the reflecting unit is fixedly disposed on the 3D laser marking machine, or the angle of the reflecting unit is adjustable.
The controllable distance indicating device according to claim 11, wherein the beam splitting unit and the second reflecting mirror are an X galvanometer and a Y galvanometer inside the marking head, and the reflecting unit is set in 3D laser marking The machine is marked inside the field lens or above the field lens.
The controllable distance indicating device according to claim 13, further comprising a combining unit disposed in the laser beam path, wherein the visible light indicator is located at one side of the combining unit, and the combined unit can be issued to the combining unit The visible light beam, after passing through the combining unit, coincides with the optical path of the laser and is emitted to the X galvanometer and the Y galvanometer.
A 3D laser marking machine using the controllable distance indicating device of claim 9, comprising a reference plate, a control unit, a lifting frame perpendicular to the reference plate, and a marking head on the lifting frame, wherein the marking head is provided a laser, a field lens, an X galvanometer, and a Y galvanometer, further comprising a visible light indicator, a combining unit, and a reflecting unit disposed inside or above the field lens, wherein the visible light beam emitted by the visible light indicator passes After the merging unit is coincident with the optical path of the laser, and is emitted to the Y galvanometer, reflected by the Y galvanometer and then directed to the X galvanometer, the deflection angle of the X galvanometer and the Y galvanometer is controlled by the control unit; The mirror deflects back and forth over a range of angles, and the deflection angle of one end of the X-magnet mirror is fixed when it is deflected back and forth The end is the first position, the deflection angle of the other end is adjustable, and the end is the second position, the visible beam is reflected out of the reference beam at the first position, and the deflected beam is reflected at the second position;

a light reflecting path is disposed on the optical path of the reference beam, the reflecting unit reflects the reference beam to deflect in a direction of the deflected beam; the control unit controls a deflection angle of the X galvanometer at the second position, so that the deflected beam is reflected The intersection of the reference beam reflected by the unit corresponds to the initial focus of the 3D laser marking machine;

Alternatively, the deflecting beam is disposed on the optical path of the deflected beam, and the reflecting unit reflects the deflected beam to deflect in the direction of the reference beam; the control unit controls the deflection angle of the X galvanometer at the second position such that the deflected beam is at The intersection of the reflected beam and the reference beam corresponds to the initial focus of the 3D laser marker.
The 3D laser marking machine according to claim 15, wherein the combining unit is a combined lens, the combining lens is disposed in an optical path of the laser, and the visible light indicator is located on one side of the combining lens And emitting a visible light beam to the combined lens.
The 3D laser marking machine according to claim 15, wherein the combining unit is an optical fiber that is connected to the laser beam path, and the visible light indicator is connected to the optical fiber.
A 3D laser marking machine using the controllable distance indicating device of claim 9, comprising a reference plate, a control unit, a lifting frame perpendicular to the reference plate, and a marking head on the lifting frame, wherein the marking head is provided a laser, a field lens, an X galvanometer, and a Y galvanometer that emit visible laser light, further comprising a reflection unit disposed inside or above the field lens, wherein the visible laser light emitted by the laser is a visible light beam, The visible beam is emitted to the Y galvanometer, reflected by the Y galvanometer and then directed to the X galvanometer. The deflection angles of the X galvanometer and the Y galvanometer are controlled by the control unit; the X galvanometer is deflected back and forth within a certain angular range And the deflection angle of one end of the X galvanometer is fixed, the end is the first position, the deflection angle of the other end is adjustable, and the end is the second position, and the visible beam is reflected at the first position. The reference beam is reflected out of the deflected beam at the second position;

a light reflecting path is disposed on the optical path of the reference beam, the reflecting unit reflects the reference beam to deflect in a direction of the deflected beam; the control unit controls a deflection angle of the X galvanometer at the second position, so that the deflected beam is reflected The intersection of the reference beam reflected by the unit corresponds to the initial focus of the 3D laser marking machine;

Alternatively, the deflecting beam is disposed on the optical path of the deflected beam, and the reflecting unit reflects the deflected beam to deflect in the direction of the reference beam; the control unit controls the deflection angle of the X galvanometer at the second position such that the deflected beam is at The intersection of the reflected beam and the reference beam corresponds to the initial focus of the 3D laser marker.
The 3D laser marking machine according to claim 18, wherein said laser capable of emitting visible laser light is a green laser having a wavelength in the range of 400 to 800 nm, and when indicating a controllable distance, the laser is set at Non-marking power status.
The 3D laser marking machine according to claim 15 or 18, wherein the reflecting unit is a polygon mirror or a plane mirror.