CN112008234B - Laser marking method and marking system for invisible appliance production - Google Patents
Laser marking method and marking system for invisible appliance production Download PDFInfo
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- CN112008234B CN112008234B CN202010929449.1A CN202010929449A CN112008234B CN 112008234 B CN112008234 B CN 112008234B CN 202010929449 A CN202010929449 A CN 202010929449A CN 112008234 B CN112008234 B CN 112008234B
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- 238000010330 laser marking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C7/00—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
- A61C7/08—Mouthpiece-type retainers or positioners, e.g. for both the lower and upper arch
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/362—Laser etching
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/03—Observing, e.g. monitoring, the workpiece
- B23K26/032—Observing, e.g. monitoring, the workpiece using optical means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/04—Automatically aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam, e.g. using the back-scattered light
- B23K26/046—Automatically focusing the laser beam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/04—Automatically aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam, e.g. using the back-scattered light
- B23K26/046—Automatically focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/048—Automatically focusing the laser beam by controlling the distance between laser head and workpiece
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/062—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by direct control of the laser beam
- B23K26/0622—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by direct control of the laser beam by shaping pulses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
- B23K26/0869—Devices involving movement of the laser head in at least one axial direction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/435—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by selective application of radiation to a printing material or impression-transfer material
- B41J2/44—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by selective application of radiation to a printing material or impression-transfer material using single radiation source per colour, e.g. lighting beams or shutter arrangements
- B41J2/442—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by selective application of radiation to a printing material or impression-transfer material using single radiation source per colour, e.g. lighting beams or shutter arrangements using lasers
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a laser marking method and a marking system for invisible appliance production, wherein the laser marking method comprises the following steps: identifying identification information corresponding to the dental model, and acquiring a marking instruction corresponding to the current dental model from a database according to the identification information, wherein the marking instruction at least comprises marking content; acquiring position information of a marking path, wherein the position information of the marking path comprises coordinate information of the marking path in a coordinate system of a marking machine, and the coordinate information comprises a Z-direction coordinate; according to the position information of the marking path, the position of the tooth mold relative to a laser head of the marking machine is adjusted, so that the height drop of the marking path is positioned in the focus deviation adaptation range of the laser head; and controlling the laser head to execute marking operation according to the marking instruction. The laser marking method can ensure that the marking path is always positioned in the focus deviation adaptation range, and improve the marking efficiency on the premise of meeting the marking effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of orthodontic devices, in particular to a laser marking method and a marking system for invisible orthodontic device production.
Background
The appliance is a device for treating malocclusion, can generate acting force or functional acting force of perioral muscles of masticatory muscles, and changes malformed jaw bone, malocclusion teeth and periodontal supporting tissues through the appliance so as to be beneficial to normal growth and development of the maxillofacial surface. With the development of the times and the emphasis of people on the image, the invisible appliance has occupied the mainstream and has the advantages of no influence on the appearance, small damage, low discomfort and the like.
Marking is an indispensable step in the stealthy ware manufacturing process of correcting, but among the prior art stealthy ware marking operation process of correcting, need constantly adjust the focus, make the focus of laser head be located and mark the route, but the process of adjusting the focus will lead to marking efficiency to reduce, and because stealthy ware of correcting is to the independent customization of every patient's tooth, and every patient's tooth shape and height differ, this focusing operation that also leads to marking in-process becomes more complicated loaded down with trivial details, efficiency reduction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a laser marking method and a marking system for invisible appliance production, and aims to solve the problem of low marking efficiency in marking operation in the prior art.
The embodiment of the invention provides a laser marking method for producing an invisible appliance, which is used for marking a shell-shaped membrane attached to the surface of a dental cast, and comprises the following steps:
identifying identification information corresponding to the dental model, and acquiring a marking instruction corresponding to the current dental model from a database according to the identification information, wherein the marking instruction at least comprises marking content;
acquiring position information of a marking path, wherein the position information of the marking path comprises coordinate information of the marking path in a coordinate system of a marking machine, and the coordinate information comprises a Z-direction coordinate;
according to the position information of the marking path, the position of the tooth mold relative to a laser head of the marking machine is adjusted, so that the height drop of the marking path is positioned in the focus deviation adaptation range of the laser head;
and controlling the laser head to execute marking operation according to the marking instruction.
Preferably, the position information of the marking path is acquired by one or two of the following methods:
detecting position information of the marking path through a distance measuring device arranged on the marking machine;
and acquiring the position information of the marking path from the marking instruction.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
constructing a three-dimensional model of an object to be marked, wherein the object to be marked comprises a dental model and a shell-shaped membrane attached to the surface of the dental model;
acquiring a focus deviation adaptive range of the marking machine;
traversing the occlusion surface of the three-dimensional model of the object to be marked, and determining the position information of the marking path on the occlusion surface of the three-dimensional model of the object to be marked so that the marking path is positioned in the focus deviation adaptation range, wherein the position information of the marking path is the coordinate information of the marking path in a dental model coordinate system;
and storing the position information of the marking path in a database as a part of a marking instruction corresponding to the object to be marked.
Preferably, the obtaining the position information of the marking path from the marking instruction includes:
positioning a positioning part of the dental cast on a positioning jig of the marking machine; the positioning part and the positioning jig form at least 3 positioning points which are not on the same straight line;
calculating the conversion relation between the coordinate system of the marking machine and the coordinate system of the tooth model according to the coordinates of the positioning points under the coordinate system of the marking machine and the coordinates under the coordinate system of the tooth model;
and converting the coordinate information of the marking path in the dental model coordinate system into the coordinate information of the marking path in the marking machine coordinate system according to the conversion relation.
Preferably, according to the position information of marking the route, adjust the position of tooth mould for the laser head of marking machine, make the height drop of marking the route be located the focus deviation accommodation of laser head includes:
according to the position information of the marking path, the position of the tooth mold relative to a laser head of the marking machine is adjusted, so that the lowest point position of the marking path is coincided with the lowest plane of the focus deviation adaptation range, or the highest point position of the marking path is coincided with the highest plane of the focus deviation adaptation range, or the central point position of the marking path in the height direction is coincided with the plane where the focus of the focus deviation adaptation range is located.
Preferably, according to the position information of marking the route, adjust the position of tooth mould for the laser head of marking machine, make the height drop of marking the route be located the focus deviation accommodation of laser head includes:
the height of the laser head is adjusted through a lifting support connected with the laser head; and/or
The height of the dental cast is adjusted through the lifting platform for fixing the dental cast.
Preferably, the identification information is one or more of a two-dimensional code, a character code, a digital code, a bar code, an NFC tag and an RFID tag.
Preferably, the identification information is a character code, and the identification information corresponding to the dental model is identified in the following manner:
and identifying the identification information corresponding to the dental cast by an image identification device arranged on the marking machine.
Preferably, the laser head comprises a laser, and the laser is a fiber laser, a MoPa laser, a green laser, a violet laser or a CO 2 A laser device.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a laser marking system for producing the invisible appliance, which is used for marking the shell-shaped diaphragm attached to the surface of the dental cast, and comprises an identification information recognition device, a position information acquisition device, a relative position adjustment device and a marking control device;
the identification information identification device is used for identifying identification information corresponding to the dental model and acquiring a marking instruction corresponding to the current dental model from a database according to the identification information, wherein the marking instruction at least comprises marking content;
the position information acquisition device is used for acquiring position information of the marking path, the position information of the marking path comprises coordinate information of the marking path in a coordinate system of the marking machine, and the coordinate information comprises a Z-direction coordinate;
the relative position adjusting device is used for adjusting the position of the dental model relative to a laser head of the marking machine according to the position information of the marking path, so that the height drop of the marking path is positioned in the focus deviation adaptation range of the laser head;
and the marking control device is used for controlling the laser head to execute marking operation according to the marking instruction.
The embodiment of the invention provides a laser marking method and a marking system for invisible appliance production, wherein the laser marking method comprises the following steps: identifying identification information corresponding to the dental model, and acquiring a marking instruction corresponding to the current dental model from a database according to the identification information, wherein the marking instruction at least comprises marking content; acquiring position information of a marking path, wherein the position information of the marking path comprises coordinate information of the marking path in a coordinate system of a marking machine, and the coordinate information comprises a Z-direction coordinate; according to the position information of the marking path, the position of the tooth mold relative to a laser head of the marking machine is adjusted, so that the height drop of the marking path is positioned in the focus deviation adaptation range of the laser head; and controlling the laser head to execute marking operation according to the marking instruction. The laser marking method can ensure that the marking path is always positioned in the focus deviation adaptation range, and improve the marking efficiency on the premise of meeting the marking effect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a laser marking method for invisible appliance production according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the fabrication of the invisible orthosis according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an effect diagram of the film after marking according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion Q of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser marking system for invisible appliance production according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the bottom of a dental cast with a film attached to the surface thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a focus offset accommodation range provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is another schematic structural diagram of a laser marking system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a protection device in a laser marking system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a flow chart of a marking operation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
It will be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the specification of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items and includes such combinations.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a laser marking method for producing an invisible appliance, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the method is used for marking a shell-shaped membrane attached to a dental cast surface, and the method includes steps S101 to S104:
s101, identifying identification information corresponding to the dental model, and acquiring a marking instruction corresponding to the current dental model from a database according to the identification information, wherein the marking instruction at least comprises marking content;
s102, obtaining position information of a marking path, wherein the position information of the marking path comprises coordinate information of the marking path in a coordinate system of a marking machine, and the coordinate information comprises a Z-direction coordinate;
s103, adjusting the position of the tooth mold relative to a laser head of the marking machine according to the position information of the marking path, so that the height drop of the marking path is positioned in the focus deviation adaptation range of the laser head;
and S104, controlling the laser head to execute marking operation according to the marking instruction.
Through the laser marking method, the marking path can be ensured to be always positioned in the focus deviation adaptation range, and the marking efficiency is improved on the premise of meeting the marking effect.
In order to fully introduce the technical scheme and sources of the invention, the manufacturing process of the invisible appliance is explained first:
firstly, an oral scanner is used for scanning the oral cavity of a patient to obtain a digital three-dimensional model of the teeth. Furthermore, a corresponding treatment plan can be designed in a customized manner according to the diagnosis and treatment information of the patient through a dental treatment system, a corresponding dental cast (digital dental cast, non-solid) is generated based on each stage of the treatment plan, and the dental cast of each stage can be used for preparing the appliance of the corresponding stage. In addition, conventional indirect methods can also be employed: an impression of a patient's teeth is taken and the impression or plaster model (i.e., made by copying the impression) is scanned to obtain a digital three-dimensional model of the teeth.
Then, the digital three-dimensional model of the tooth can be subjected to operations such as design, restoration, slicing and the like through preprocessing software, and a 3D printing file is output and obtained. And then 3D printing is carried out according to the 3D printing file to obtain the entity dental model corresponding to the current treatment stage.
Then, as shown in fig. 2, the film 102 is preheated, and the preheated film 102 is pressed against the dental cast 101. At this time, the membrane 102 attached to the surface of the dental cast 101 becomes a shell-shaped membrane 102 (for convenience of description, the membranes at different stages are all labeled as 102 in the embodiments of the present invention), the shell-shaped membrane 102 is a semi-finished product of a shell-shaped dental apparatus, and in the subsequent process, the dental cast 101 will serve as a carrier of the shell-shaped membrane 102. Then, the shell-shaped film 102 (together with the dental cast 101) is subjected to marking, cutting, demolding and other processes, and finally becomes a shell-shaped dental appliance product, i.e., an invisible appliance product (the shell-shaped film 102 at this stage becomes the invisible appliance product). Wherein, in the cutting operation, the shell-shaped diaphragm 102 needs to be subjected to CNC cutting by using the cutting machine 104, and excess diaphragm material is removed, so that the shell-shaped dental instrument is suitable for being worn by a patient. In the marking operation, specifically, the shell-shaped membrane 102 on the surface of the dental cast 101 is marked, and marking content is generated based on information corresponding to a patient and information of a current treatment stage, so that a user, a doctor and other staff can conveniently identify the shell-shaped dental instrument.
The marking position is generally selected on the side surface or the upper surface of the invisible appliance. Generally, the marking position is selected to satisfy the marking on the area with large area and in general, and on the posterior occlusal surface which is not easy to affect the beauty, the side surface of the invisible appliance is a visible surface, so the marking on the side surface of the appliance may affect the beauty. The invisible orthosis has a top surface which is very visible as shown in fig. 3, and therefore marking is usually performed on the top surface of the invisible orthosis, that is, marking is performed on the marking area 105 on the top surface of the shell-shaped diaphragm 102.
Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 4, the top of the tooth is non-planar and has a height drop, and the shape of the invisible appliance is adapted to the shape of the tooth, i.e., the marking path 106 also has a height drop T. Therefore, when marking the upper surface of the invisible correcting device, the focal length needs to be continuously adjusted to finish accurate marking, but the process of adjusting the focal length leads to the reduction of the marking efficiency. Based on the content, the embodiment of the invention provides a new marking method, so that the marking process becomes simple and effective, and the marking efficiency is improved.
In step S101, identification information on the dental cast is first identified.
Specifically, the identification information may be one or more of a two-dimensional code, a character code, a digital code, a barcode, an NFC tag, and an RFID tag.
In a specific application scene, on one hand, the manufacturing mode of the dental cast is usually photocuring 3D printing, and due to the limitation of the forming precision of the photocuring 3D printing, two-dimensional codes and bar codes are not suitable for identification information; on the other hand, the NFC tag, the RFID tag and the dental cast are made of different materials, so that a step of mounting the NFC tag or the RFID tag on the dental cast needs to be added, which is not favorable for improving the work efficiency. Therefore, in an embodiment, the identification information is preferably a character code.
In one embodiment, the identification information corresponding to the identification dental cast adopts the following manner:
and identifying the identification information corresponding to the dental cast by an image identification device arranged on the marking machine.
As shown in fig. 5, the identification information (such as character code information) is recognized by the image recognition device 109, so that the recognition efficiency can be improved, and specifically, the recognition is performed by means of OCR recognition. As shown in fig. 6, since the film 102 is attached to the surface of the dental cast 101, and no other component is attached to the bottom of the dental cast 101, in order to reduce the influence of the film 102 on the image recognition device 109, the identification information 111 may be formed on the bottom of the dental cast 101, and the identification information 111 may be displayed in a hollow manner.
The image recognition device 109 may be a mechanical vision camera commonly used in the industry. After the image recognition device 109 captures the bottom image of the dental cast 101, the identification information 111 in the image can be extracted. And then, acquiring a marking instruction corresponding to the current dental model 101 from a database according to the identification information 111, wherein the marking instruction at least comprises marking content. The marking content refers to specific characters, patterns, typesetting requirements and the like. In other words, in the embodiment of the present invention, the marking instruction corresponding to each dental model 101 needs to be stored in the database in advance, and after the identification information 111 is successfully identified, the corresponding marking instruction is queried from the database.
In step S102, position information of the marking path is obtained, where the position information of the marking path includes coordinate information of the marking path in a coordinate system of the marking machine, and the coordinate information at least includes a Z-direction coordinate.
The step of obtaining the position information of the marking path 106 is to adjust the position of the dental model 101 relative to the laser head 103 of the marking machine.
In this embodiment, the coordinate information of the marking path 106 in the coordinate system of the marking machine may be referred to as first coordinate information, and the first coordinate information may include an X-direction coordinate and a Y-direction coordinate in addition to a Z-direction coordinate (i.e., a height position).
In one embodiment, the obtaining the position information of the marking path is performed in one or two of the following manners:
the first method comprises the following steps: detecting position information of the marking path through a distance measuring device arranged on the marking machine;
and the second method comprises the following steps: and acquiring the position information of the marking path from the marking instruction.
The first method is to detect the height position of the marking path 106 by using a distance measuring device, and directly acquire the Z-direction coordinate of the marking path 106 in the coordinate system of the marking machine, i.e. the first coordinate information of the marking path 106 in the coordinate system of the marking machine. The distance measuring device may be a laser distance meter.
The second method needs to store the position information of the marking path 106 in the marking instructions of the database in advance, and then identify the dental model 101 and obtain the marking instructions, so as to analyze the position information of the marking path 106 therein.
It is to be understood that the Z-direction coordinate mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention may refer to a coordinate in a vertical horizontal plane direction, that is, a coordinate in a vertical direction. In addition, according to the requirement of an actual scene, if the marking machine is placed in a non-horizontal manner, for example, the optical axis of a lens of a laser head is not arranged in a direction vertical to a horizontal plane, the corresponding Z-direction coordinate is inclined at a certain angle with the vertical direction, that is, the Z-direction coordinate in the embodiment of the invention can be adaptively adjusted along with the position adjustment of the marking machine.
For the second way, the position information of the marking path 106 refers to the coordinate information of the marking path 106 in the dental model coordinate system, and this coordinate information may be referred to as second coordinate information, i.e. the second coordinate information of the marking path 106 in the dental model coordinate system. In order to adjust the position of the dental model relative to the laser head 103 of the marking machine, it is also necessary here to convert the second coordinate information of the marking path 106 in the dental model coordinate system into the first coordinate information of the marking path 106 in the marking machine coordinate system.
Specifically, in an embodiment, the obtaining the position information of the marking path from the marking instruction includes:
positioning a positioning part of the dental model on a positioning jig of the marking machine; the positioning part and the positioning jig form at least 3 positioning points which are not on the same straight line;
calculating the conversion relation between the coordinate system of the marking machine and the coordinate system of the tooth model according to the coordinates of the positioning points under the coordinate system of the marking machine and the coordinates under the coordinate system of the tooth model;
and converting the coordinate information of the marking path in the dental model coordinate system into the coordinate information of the marking path in the marking machine coordinate system according to the conversion relation.
In this embodiment, a positioning fixture for positioning the dental model 101 is disposed in the marking machine, and a positioning portion for cooperating with the positioning fixture is correspondingly disposed at the bottom of the dental model 101. The positioning part can be a common positioning structure such as an assembling hole, an inserting block, a clamping block and the like, and the positioning jig is a jig matched with the positioning part. In a specific application scenario, as shown in fig. 6, the positioning portion may be a plurality of positioning holes 110, the positioning fixture may be a plurality of corresponding positioning pins, and at least 3 positioning points that are not on the same straight line should be formed by the positioning portion and the positioning fixture, for example, the positioning portion is 3 positioning holes 110, and correspondingly, the positioning fixture is 3 positioning pins.
In this embodiment, the conversion between the dental model coordinate system and the marking machine coordinate system is realized based on the at least 3 positioning points. For example, no matter how the shape and size of the dental cast are changed, the positions of the positioning jig, the three positioning pins and the three positioning holes are not changed, the circle center positions of the positioning holes are equivalent to the circle center positions of the positioning pins, and 3 positioning points are formed.
Establishing a dental model coordinate system based on the three-point positioning principle by taking the 3 positioning points as reference points to obtain the coordinate information of the 3 positioning points (the centers of the 3 positioning holes); and similarly, establishing a coordinate system of the marking machine, and obtaining the coordinate information of 3 positioning points (the centers of the 3 positioning pins). The circle centers of the three positioning pins are the same as the circle centers of the three positioning holes, so that the conversion relation between the two coordinate systems can be obtained by knowing the coordinate information of the three positioning points in the two coordinate systems:
lambda is a proportional parameter, R is a rotation matrix, delta is a translation vector, a and B are coordinates of the positioning point in two coordinate systems, respectively, and the coordinate information of the marking path 106 in the dental model coordinate system can be converted into the coordinate information of the marking path 106 in the marking machine coordinate system according to the conversion relation.
In one embodiment, the laser marking method for invisible appliance production further includes:
constructing a three-dimensional model of an object to be marked, wherein the object to be marked comprises a dental cast and a shell-shaped membrane attached to the surface of the dental cast;
acquiring a focus deviation adaptive range of the marking machine;
traversing the occlusion surface of the three-dimensional model of the object to be marked, and determining the position information of the marking path on the occlusion surface of the three-dimensional model of the object to be marked so that the marking path is positioned in the focus deviation adaptation range, wherein the position information of the marking path is the coordinate information of the marking path in a dental model coordinate system;
and storing the position information of the marking path in a database as a part of a marking instruction corresponding to the object to be marked.
The embodiment provides a method for determining coordinate information (namely second coordinate information) of a marking path in a dental model coordinate system.
As shown in fig. 4, when the marking operation is performed on the shell-shaped diaphragm 102, the marking surface (i.e., the surface on which the marking path 106 is located) corresponds to the occlusal surface of the tooth at the position of the shell-shaped diaphragm 102, and therefore, the marking surface is non-planar, i.e., the marking surface is a curved surface. Obviously, the optimal marking effect is that the focal point of the laser head 103 is adjusted along with the shape of the marking path 106, that is, along with the height fluctuation of the marking path 106, so that the focal point of the laser head 103 is always located on the marking surface, but this requires continuous adjustment of the focal point of the laser head 103, and obviously does not meet the efficiency requirement of the marking operation. Therefore, in this embodiment, the position of the marking path 106 on the shell-like diaphragm 102 needs to be determined.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, the focus deviation adaptive range D (hereinafter, also simply referred to as an adaptive range) of the laser head 103 refers to a distance range in which the focus F (focal plane) of the laser head is allowed to move along the optical axis of the lens on the premise that the marking effect is satisfied. For the marking machine, on the premise of not adjusting the focal length, when the marking surface is in the adaptive range, no matter how the distance from each point on the marking path 106 to the laser head 103 changes, the marking effect can be considered to meet the requirement. Based on the above, the marking path 106 can be determined in the following manner in the present embodiment.
In the embodiment, a three-dimensional model of the object 108 to be marked is first established, wherein the object 108 to be marked comprises a dental model 101 and a shell-shaped membrane 102 attached to the surface of the dental model 101, and the three-dimensional model of the object 108 to be marked can be obtained by modifying according to the digital three-dimensional model of the dental model 101. Specifically, since the object to be marked 108 includes the diaphragm 102 having a certain thickness in addition to the dental model 101, the digital three-dimensional model of the tooth (i.e., the digital three-dimensional model of the dental model 101) needs to be modified, and then the marking path 106 position is determined based on the modified model.
Then, based on information of specific characters, patterns, typesetting requirements and the like contained in the marking content, the length and width dimensions of the marking path 106 on the horizontal plane, that is, the length and width dimensions of the projected pattern of the marking path 106 on the horizontal plane, are determined.
Next, as shown in fig. 4 and 7, the occlusal surface of the object to be marked 108 is traversed to find a qualified marking path 106 (i.e., a marking surface). The conditions for marking path 106 are as follows: the height drop T of the marking path is less than or equal to D (namely the marking path can be positioned in the focus deviation adaptation range); and finally, outputting coordinate information of the marking path 106 in a dental model coordinate system, namely second coordinate information, wherein the second coordinate information comprises height position information (namely Z-direction coordinates). The second coordinate information is stored as position information of the marking path 106 (including coordinates of points on the marking path) in the marking command, and then stored in the database. As shown in FIG. 7, the data of the focal length deviation adaptation range of the laser head 103 includes the size D of the adaptation range, the end point of the adaptation range, and the distance between the laser heads (i.e., the longest distance H) 2 Or the shortest distance H 1 )。
Preferably, marking paths are determined at the positions corresponding to the third molar, the second molar, the first premolar and the second premolar, and height differences of the positions are small, so that the marking paths meeting conditions can be found more easily.
Due to individual differences, the occlusion surface of the object 108 to be marked does not have a uniform standard, so that a suitable marking surface cannot be found on the occlusion surface of the object 108 to be marked, that is, a marking path satisfying that the height drop of the marking path is less than or equal to D cannot be found. That is, the marking content is divided into a plurality of parts, so that the span of each part can be reduced, and each part can find a qualified marking path.
In one embodiment, the step S103 includes:
according to the position information of the marking path, the position of the tooth die relative to a laser head of the marking machine is adjusted, so that the lowest point position of the marking path is coincided with the lowest plane of the focus deviation adaptive range, or the highest point position of the marking path is coincided with the highest plane of the focus deviation adaptive range, or the central point position of the marking path in the height direction is coincided with the plane where the focus of the focus deviation adaptive range is located.
In this embodiment, because the focus deviation adaptive range D is greater than the height drop T of the marking path 106, and only the marking path 106 needs to be located within the focus deviation adaptive range D, the distance between the dental model 101 and the laser head 103 of the marking machine has a certain adjustment space, and the adjustment standard may be that the lowest point position of the marking path 106 coincides with the lowest plane of the focus deviation adaptive range D, so that the highest plane of the focus deviation adaptive range D is necessarily higher than or equal to the highest point position of the marking path 106, thereby ensuring that the marking path 106 is located within the focus deviation adaptive range D; or the adjustment criterion may be that the highest point position of the marking path 106 coincides with the highest plane of the focus deviation adaptation range D, so that the lowest plane of the focus deviation adaptation range D is necessarily lower than or equal to the lowest point position of the marking path 106, thereby ensuring that the marking path 106 is located within the focus deviation adaptation range D; alternatively, the adjustment criterion may be that the center point position of the marking path 106 along the height direction coincides with the plane of the focus deviation adaptation range D, so that the highest plane of the focus deviation adaptation range D is necessarily higher than or equal to the highest point position of the marking path 106, and the lowest plane of the focus deviation adaptation range D is necessarily lower than or equal to the lowest point position of the marking path 106, thereby ensuring that the marking path 106 is located within the focus deviation adaptation range D.
In another embodiment, after the above conditions are met and adjusted according to the requirements of the above embodiments, the position of the dental cast 101 relative to the laser head 103 can be determined, i.e. the distance H between the laser head 103 and the bottom (i.e. platform) of the dental cast 101 can be obtained 3 The distance H 3 Can be stored in a marking instruction, and is convenient to markThe system adjusts the height position of the laser head 103 and/or dental model 101 so that the marking path 106 is always within the focus deviation accommodation D while the marking operation is being performed.
In one embodiment, the step S103 includes:
the height of the laser head is adjusted through a lifting support connected with the laser head; and/or
The height of the dental cast is adjusted through the lifting platform for fixing the dental cast.
As shown in fig. 5, in one embodiment, the position of the laser head 103 may be adjusted, such as adjusting the position of the laser head 103 in the X-direction, the Y-direction, and the Z-direction. Specifically, a lifting support 107 is arranged in the marking machine, the laser head 103 is mounted on the lifting support 107, and the lifting support 107 can drive the laser head 103 to move up and down in the Z direction (namely the height direction).
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the position of the dental cast 101 (i.e., the object 108 to be marked) may be adjusted, such as adjusting the position of the dental cast 101 in the X-direction, the Y-direction, and the Z-direction. Specifically, a lifting platform 112 is arranged in the marking machine, the dental cast 101 is mounted on the lifting platform 112, and the lifting platform 112 can drive the dental cast 101 to move up and down in the Z direction (i.e. the height direction).
In another embodiment, the position of the laser head 103 and the position of the dental cast 101 can also be adjusted simultaneously, such as adjusting the positions of the laser head 103 and the dental cast 101 in the X-direction, the Y-direction, and the Z-direction simultaneously. That is to set up liftable support 107 and liftable platform 112 simultaneously on the marking machine, laser head 103 install in on the liftable support 107, dental model 101 install in on the liftable platform 112, liftable support 107 can drive laser head 103 and reciprocate in the Z direction (direction of height promptly), liftable platform 112 can drive dental model 101 and reciprocate in the Z direction (direction of height promptly).
In the step S104, the laser head 103 is controlled to perform the marking operation according to the marking instruction. Obviously, during the marking operation, three-dimensional coordinate information of the marking path 106 is acquired, that is, not only the Z-direction coordinate but also the X-direction coordinate and the Y-direction coordinate, and the galvanometer movement of the laser head 103 is controlled according to the three-dimensional coordinate information.
In one embodiment, the laser head 103 may be a laser, which may be a fiber laser, a MoPa laser, a green laser, a violet (i.e., ultraviolet) laser, or a CO laser 2 A laser device.
MoPa is a laser configuration relative to a single-Oscillator configuration, is called Main Oscillator and Power Amplifier in English, and is called Main Oscillator and Power Amplifier in Chinese, and the MoPa laser refers to a nanosecond pulse fiber laser based on an electrical modulation seed source and a multistage Power Amplifier.
Specifically, the ultraviolet laser can select laser with a wavelength of 200-400nm, and the output power is 3-5w; the green laser adopts laser with the wavelength of 500-560nm and the output power is 3-5w; the optical fiber laser can select 1050-2000 wavelength laser and output power of 8-20w.
Preferably, in order to avoid burning the invisible appliance (shell-shaped diaphragm) during laser marking, the laser marking light source is preferably a cold light source, i.e. a violet laser is selected.
In addition, since part of the laser light source may cause injury to human body (such as eyes and hands), it is preferable that, for safety, as shown in fig. 9, a protection device is provided outside the marking machine 115, the protection device includes a housing 113, and a safety door 114 is opened on the housing 113. In order to ensure safety, the open-close state of the safety door 114 can be controlled to be related to the working state of the laser head 103, and the specific steps are as follows:
when the safety door 114 is in an open state, the laser head 103 is controlled to be incapable of working or immediately stop working, namely, the laser cannot be emitted; when the safety door 114 is in a closed state, the laser head 103 is controlled to continue to work or to be in a state of preparation for work. The state of preparation work means that the laser head 103 receives an instruction of allowing work, and the laser head 103 can start marking operation at any time.
As shown in fig. 10, an overall operation flow in the embodiment of the present invention: firstly, identifying identification information 111 corresponding to the dental cast 101 by an image identification device 109, and acquiring a marking instruction corresponding to the current dental cast 101 from a database 117 according to the identification information 111; then, the position information of the marking path 106 is obtained through the distance measuring device 116; then, according to the position information of the marking path 106, the height of the dental model 101 is adjusted through the lifting platform 107, so that the height drop of the marking path 106 is within the focus deviation adaptation range of the laser head 103; and finally, controlling the laser head 103 to execute marking operation according to the marking instruction.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a laser marking system for producing the invisible appliance, which is used for marking the shell-shaped diaphragm attached to the surface of the dental cast and comprises an identification information recognition device, a position information acquisition device, a relative position adjustment device and a marking control device;
the identification information identification device is used for identifying identification information corresponding to the dental model and acquiring a marking instruction corresponding to the current dental model from a database according to the identification information, wherein the marking instruction at least comprises marking content;
the position information acquisition device is used for acquiring position information of the marking path, the position information of the marking path comprises coordinate information of the marking path under a coordinate system of the marking machine, and the coordinate information comprises a Z-direction coordinate;
the relative position adjusting device is used for adjusting the position of the tooth mould relative to a laser head of the marking machine according to the position information of the marking path, so that the height drop of the marking path is positioned in the focus deviation adaptation range of the laser head;
and the marking control device is used for controlling the laser head to execute marking operation according to the marking instruction.
The above devices are all virtual units, which have the function of implementing corresponding functions, in an actual product, the functions of the virtual units may be implemented by one physical device, or may be implemented by a plurality of physical devices, and these changes or substitutions in form are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
The contents of the embodiment of the marking system correspond to the contents of the embodiment of the marking method, and for the specific technical details of the embodiment of the marking system, reference may be made to the description of the embodiment of the method, and details are not repeated here.
It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described apparatuses, devices and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again. Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the elements and algorithm steps of the examples described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied in electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the components and steps of the examples have been described in a functional general in the foregoing description for the purpose of illustrating clearly the interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the technical solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
In the embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus, device and method can be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only a logical division, and there may be other divisions when the actual implementation is performed, or units having the same function may be grouped into one unit, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or may be integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may also be an electrical, mechanical or other form of connection.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment of the present invention.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention essentially or partially contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium and including instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and various media capable of storing program codes.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, the invention is not limited thereto, and various equivalent modifications and substitutions can be easily made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A laser marking method for invisible orthodontic appliance production is used for marking shell-shaped diaphragms attached to the surfaces of dental casts and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s101, identifying identification information corresponding to a dental cast, and acquiring a marking instruction corresponding to the current dental cast from a database according to the identification information, wherein the marking instruction at least comprises marking contents;
s102, obtaining position information of a marking path, wherein the position information of the marking path comprises coordinate information of the marking path in a coordinate system of a marking machine, and the coordinate information comprises a Z-direction coordinate;
s103, adjusting the position of the tooth mold relative to a laser head of the marking machine according to the position information of the marking path, so that the height drop of the marking path is positioned in the focus deviation adaptation range of the laser head;
s104, controlling the laser head to execute marking operation according to the marking instruction;
the position information of the marking path is obtained by adopting the following mode:
acquiring the position information of the marking path from the marking instruction;
the laser marking method further comprises:
constructing a three-dimensional model of an object to be marked, wherein the object to be marked comprises a dental model and a shell-shaped membrane attached to the surface of the dental model;
acquiring a focus deviation adaptive range of the marking machine;
traversing the occlusion surface of the three-dimensional model of the object to be marked, and determining the position information of the marking path on the occlusion surface of the three-dimensional model of the object to be marked so that the marking path is positioned in the focus deviation adaptation range, wherein the position information of the marking path is the coordinate information of the marking path in a dental model coordinate system;
storing the position information of the marking path in a database as a part of a marking instruction corresponding to the object to be marked;
the obtaining of the position information of the marking path from the marking instruction includes:
positioning a positioning part of the dental model on a positioning jig of the marking machine; the positioning part and the positioning jig form at least 3 positioning points which are not on the same straight line;
calculating the conversion relation between the coordinate system of the marking machine and the coordinate system of the tooth model according to the coordinates of the positioning points under the coordinate system of the marking machine and the coordinates under the coordinate system of the tooth model;
converting the coordinate information of the marking path under the dental model coordinate system into the coordinate information of the marking path under the marking machine coordinate system according to the conversion relation;
the conversion relation between the coordinate system of the marking machine and the coordinate system of the dental model is as follows:
λ is a scale parameter, R is a rotation matrix,
is a translation vector that is a function of,
the coordinates of the positioning points in the dental model coordinate system and the marking machine coordinate system are respectively.
2. The laser marking method for invisible appliance production according to claim 1, wherein the step of adjusting the position of the dental cast relative to a laser head of a marking machine according to the position information of the marking path so that the height drop of the marking path is within the focus deviation adaptation range of the laser head comprises the following steps:
according to the position information of the marking path, the position of the tooth die relative to a laser head of the marking machine is adjusted, so that the lowest point position of the marking path is coincided with the lowest plane of the focus deviation adaptive range, or the highest point position of the marking path is coincided with the highest plane of the focus deviation adaptive range, or the central point position of the marking path in the height direction is coincided with the plane where the focus of the focus deviation adaptive range is located.
3. The laser marking method for invisible appliance production according to claim 1, wherein the step of adjusting the position of the dental cast relative to a laser head of a marking machine according to the position information of the marking path so that the height drop of the marking path is within the focus deviation adaptation range of the laser head comprises the following steps:
the height of the laser head is adjusted through a lifting support connected with the laser head; and/or
The height of the dental cast is adjusted through the lifting platform for fixing the dental cast.
4. The laser marking method for invisible appliance production according to claim 1, wherein the identification information is one or more of a two-dimensional code, a character code, a digital code, a bar code, an NFC tag, and an RFID tag.
5. The laser marking method for invisible orthodontic appliance production according to claim 4, wherein the identification information is a character code, and the identification information corresponding to the identification cast adopts the following manner:
and identifying the identification information corresponding to the dental cast by an image identification device arranged on the marking machine.
6. The laser marking method for invisible orthosis production according to claim 1, wherein the laser head comprises a laser, and the laser is a fiber laser, a MoPa laser, a green laser, a violet laser, or a CO laser 2 A laser device.
7. A laser marking system for invisible appliance production is used for marking a shell-shaped membrane attached to the surface of a dental cast and is characterized by comprising an identification information recognition device, a position information acquisition device, a relative position adjustment device and a marking control device;
the identification information identification device is used for identifying identification information corresponding to the dental model and acquiring a marking instruction corresponding to the current dental model from a database according to the identification information, wherein the marking instruction at least comprises marking content;
the position information acquisition device is used for acquiring position information of the marking path, the position information of the marking path comprises coordinate information of the marking path in a coordinate system of the marking machine, and the coordinate information comprises a Z-direction coordinate;
the relative position adjusting device is used for adjusting the position of the tooth mould relative to a laser head of the marking machine according to the position information of the marking path, so that the height drop of the marking path is positioned in the focus deviation adaptation range of the laser head;
the marking control device is used for controlling the laser head to execute marking operation according to the marking instruction;
the position information of the marking path is obtained by the following method:
acquiring the position information of the marking path from the marking instruction;
further comprising:
constructing a three-dimensional model of an object to be marked, wherein the object to be marked comprises a dental model and a shell-shaped membrane attached to the surface of the dental model;
acquiring a focus deviation adaptive range of the marking machine;
traversing the occlusion surface of the three-dimensional model of the object to be marked, and determining the position information of a marking path on the occlusion surface of the three-dimensional model of the object to be marked so that the marking path is positioned in the focus deviation adaptation range, wherein the position information of the marking path is the coordinate information of the marking path in a dental model coordinate system;
storing the position information of the marking path in a database as a part of a marking instruction corresponding to the object to be marked;
the obtaining of the position information of the marking path from the marking instruction includes:
positioning a positioning part of the dental cast on a positioning jig of the marking machine; the positioning part and the positioning jig form at least 3 positioning points which are not on the same straight line;
calculating the conversion relation between the coordinate system of the marking machine and the coordinate system of the tooth model according to the coordinates of the positioning points under the coordinate system of the marking machine and the coordinates under the coordinate system of the tooth model;
converting the coordinate information of the marking path under the dental model coordinate system into the coordinate information of the marking path under the marking machine coordinate system according to the conversion relation;
the conversion relation between the coordinate system of the marking machine and the coordinate system of the dental model is as follows:
λ is a scale parameter, R is a rotation matrix,
is a translation vector that is a vector of translation,
the coordinates of the positioning points in the dental model coordinate system and the marking machine coordinate system are respectively.
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| CN101786200A (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2010-07-28 | 华中科技大学 | Method for projection-type laser etching on free curved surface |
| CN109822224A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-05-31 | 武汉欧双光电科技股份有限公司 | A kind of laser marking method and marking device |
| CN109732909A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-05-10 | 广州黑格智造信息科技有限公司 | Method of printing and structure |
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