WO2016095144A1 - 用于扩底螺纹桩施工的钻杆和桩机以及扩底螺纹桩的施工方法 - Google Patents

用于扩底螺纹桩施工的钻杆和桩机以及扩底螺纹桩的施工方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2016095144A1
WO2016095144A1 PCT/CN2014/094148 CN2014094148W WO2016095144A1 WO 2016095144 A1 WO2016095144 A1 WO 2016095144A1 CN 2014094148 W CN2014094148 W CN 2014094148W WO 2016095144 A1 WO2016095144 A1 WO 2016095144A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
outer tube
pile
drill
inner tube
tube
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/094148
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
贺德新
Original Assignee
贺德新
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 贺德新 filed Critical 贺德新
Priority to PCT/CN2014/094148 priority Critical patent/WO2016095144A1/zh
Publication of WO2016095144A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016095144A1/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/26—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers
    • E21B10/32—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with expansible cutting tools
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/56—Screw piles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
    • E21B17/08—Casing joints
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/22—Rods or pipes with helical structure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a drill pipe for the construction of a bottom screw pile and a pile machine for the construction of the bottom threaded pile with the drill pipe, and also relates to a construction method of the bottom threaded pile.
  • the existing bored pile foundation is drilled into a hole by a drilling machine, the rig is taken out from the hole, then the steel cage is lowered, and finally the concrete is poured into a pile.
  • the existing bored pile foundation is obtained by drilling a hole into a hole by a drilling machine, taking out the drilling machine from the hole, then lowering the steel cage, and finally pouring the concrete. Pile into piles. Dry and wet work is carried out during the hole forming process, and mud is used to protect the wall during wet work.
  • mud is used to protect the wall during wet work.
  • the bored pile is difficult to protect the wall when forming the hole, and it is difficult to drill when there is a hard layer, and it is difficult to clear the slag at the bottom of the hole. This is the three unsolved problems encountered when the bored pile is formed into a hole. Especially in the case of civilized construction and high environmental protection requirements, the pollution caused by mud is difficult to solve.
  • the hole-forming holes are easy to collapse for the sand layer and the soft soil layer, the stability of the hole is poor, the side resistance after the pile is small, and the bearing capacity of the pile is small.
  • the present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. To this end, the present invention proposes a drill pipe for the construction of a bottomed threaded pile.
  • the invention also provides a pile driver for the construction of a bottomed threaded pile having the drill rod.
  • the invention also proposes a construction method of a bottomed screw pile which is implemented by the pile driver for the construction of the bottom threaded pile.
  • a drill pipe for a bottomed screw pile construction includes: an inner pipe; an outer pipe, the outer pipe is sleeved outside the inner pipe; and a bottom cover, the bottom cover is detachably Cooperating at the lower end of the inner tube; and a plurality of drill tips,
  • the drill tip is pivotally mounted on the outer tube between a stowed position and an open position along a circumferential direction of the outer tube, wherein in the stowed position, in a circumferential direction of the outer tube
  • the former one of the two adjacent drill tips is overlapped on the latter to form a rotary cutting edge.
  • the drill pipe for expanding the bottom threaded pile according to the embodiment of the invention has the functions of drilling, retaining wall and expanding hole, and solves the problem that the complicated and unstable soil layer is difficult to form holes.
  • the drill pipe for the expansion screw pile construction according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
  • the outer peripheral surface of the lower portion of the outer tube is provided with a thread.
  • the distance from the outermost point of the drill point to the central axis of the outer tube is greater than the radius of the outer tube.
  • a plurality of supports are circumferentially spaced apart on the lower end surface of the outer tube, and an upper portion of each drill tip is pivotally coupled between adjacent supports by a pin.
  • the drill pipe for the construction of the bottomed threaded pile further comprises a reinforcing rib connected between the outer wall of the outer pipe and each of the supports.
  • the drill pipe for the construction of a bottomed threaded pile further comprises a pouring hopper provided at an upper end of the inner pipe.
  • the wall thickness of the lower end of the outer tube gradually increases from the top to the bottom, the inner peripheral surface of the lower end of the outer tube is a vertical surface, and the outer peripheral surface of the lower end of the outer tube A plurality of mounting slots are provided, wherein a plurality of the drill tips are disposed in the plurality of mounting slots in a one-to-one correspondence by pins.
  • the upper end and the lower end of the mounting groove are both open, and the width of the mounting groove gradually increases from the top to the bottom.
  • the drill tip includes a drill tip body and a mounting block disposed on an upper portion of an inner surface of the drill tip body, the mounting block being pivotally mounted on the outer tube.
  • the outer surface of the drill tip body is a flat surface
  • the inner surface of the drill tip body is an arcuate surface that protrudes inward.
  • a pile driver for a bottomed screw pile construction includes: an inner tube; an outer tube, the outer tube is sleeved outside the inner tube; and a rotary driving member, the rotary driving member and The outer tube is connected for driving the outer tube to rotate; an axial driving member for driving the inner tube along the axial direction of the inner tube and the outer tube relative to the outer tube a bottom cover, the bottom cover being detachably fitted to a lower end of the inner tube; and a plurality of drill tips, the plurality of the drill tips being located between the stowed position and the open position along a circumferential direction of the outer tube Pivotablely mounted on the outer tube, the drill tip being located below the thread, wherein in the stowed position, the previous one of the two drill tips is adjacent in the circumferential direction of the outer tube Lap over the latter to form a rotary cutting edge.
  • the pile driver for the construction of the bottom threaded pile according to the embodiment of the present invention has the functions of drilling, retaining walls and expanding holes, and solves the problem of difficulty in forming holes for complex and unstable soil layers.
  • pile driver for the bottom screw pile construction according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
  • the outer peripheral surface of the lower portion of the outer tube is provided with a thread.
  • the rotary driving member includes: a holding device for holding and loosening the outer tube, the holding device is sleeved on the outer tube; and a rotary power head, The rotary power head is sleeved on the outer tube, and the rotary power head is coupled to the holding device to drive the outer tube to rotate by the holding device.
  • the pile driver for the expansion of the threaded pile construction further includes a lift cylinder connected to the rotary power head.
  • the first portion of the inner tube protrudes upwardly from the outer tube
  • the axial driving member includes: an upper slewing bearing and a lower slewing bearing, wherein the upper slewing bearing sleeve is disposed therein a lower slewing bearing sleeve on the outer tube; and a squeeze cylinder, the cylinder of the squeeze cylinder is connected to the lower slewing bearing, the piston of the squeeze cylinder and the upper slewing The supports are connected.
  • the cylinder and the piston of the squeeze cylinder are sleeved on the inner tube.
  • the pile driver for the construction of the bottomed threaded pile further comprises a vibrating hammer, and the vibrating hammer is sleeved on the outer tube.
  • a boss is provided on an outer peripheral surface of the outer tube, and the vibrating hammer is disposed on the boss.
  • the reinforcing cage is lowered into the inner tube before the concrete is poured into the inner tube.
  • the outer tube is driven to rotate by the rotary driving member to perform drilling to obtain a pile hole of a predetermined depth.
  • the outer tube is driven by a vibrating hammer to perform drilling to obtain a pile hole of a predetermined depth.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a pile driver for a bottomed screw pile construction according to an embodiment of the present invention, the drill tip is located at a gathering position;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a pile driver for use in a bottomed screw pile construction according to another embodiment of the present invention, the drill tip is located in an open position;
  • FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a drill pipe for use in a bottomed threaded pile construction in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, with the drill tip in a stowed position;
  • FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a drill pipe for use in a bottomed threaded pile construction in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, with the drill tip in an open position;
  • Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of a drill pipe for use in a bottomed threaded pile construction in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, with the drill tip in an open position;
  • 6a-6g are schematic views showing a construction flow of a method for constructing a bottomed screw pile according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7a and 7b are schematic views showing the construction process of a method of constructing a bottomed screw pile according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • a drill tip 108 a drill tip body 1081, a mounting block 1082, an inner surface 1084, an outer surface 1083,
  • a pile driver 10 for a bottomed screw pile construction includes an inner tube 102, an outer tube 101, a rotary driving member 1071, an axial driving member 1072, a bottom cover 103, and A plurality of drill tips 108.
  • the outer tube 101 is sleeved outside the inner tube 102, the rotary driving member 1071 is connected to the outer tube 101, and the rotary driving member 1071 is used to drive the outer tube 101 to rotate.
  • the axial drive member 1072 is used to drive the inner tube 102 to move relative to the outer tube 101 in the axial direction of the inner tube 102 and the outer tube 101.
  • the bottom cover 103 is detachably fitted to the lower end of the inner tube 102. Among them, the up and down direction is as indicated by an arrow C in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • a plurality of drill tips 108 are pivotally mounted on the outer tube 101 between the stowed position and the open position along the circumferential direction of the outer tube 101.
  • the previous one of the two drill tips 108 adjacent to the circumferential direction of the outer tube 101 is overlapped on the latter to form a rotary cutting edge. That is to say, the projection of the adjacent two drill points 108 on the horizontal plane is generally a "human" shape or an "in” shape.
  • a drill pipe 20 for a bottomed screw pile construction includes an inner tube 102, an outer tube 101, a bottom cover 103, and a plurality of drill tips 108.
  • the outer tube 101 is sleeved outside the inner tube 102, and the bottom cover 103 is detachably fitted to the lower end of the inner tube 102.
  • the up and down direction is as indicated by an arrow A in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • a plurality of drill tips 108 are pivotally mounted on the outer tube 101 between the stowed position and the open position along the circumferential direction of the outer tube 101.
  • the previous one of the two drill tips 108 adjacent in the circumferential direction of the outer tube 101 is overlapped on the latter to form a rotary cutting edge. That is to say, the projection of the adjacent two drill points 108 on the horizontal plane is generally a "human" shape or an "in” shape.
  • the construction method includes the following steps:
  • the bottom cover 103 is fitted to the lower end of the inner tube 102 (as shown in Figures 6a and 7a), and then the plurality of drill points 108 are placed in the stowed position to align the pile driver 10;
  • the outer tube 101 is driven to rotate by the rotary driving member 1071 while the inner tube 102 is driven to move downward relative to the outer tube 101 by the axial driving member 1072, so that the bottom cover 103 pushes the drill point 108 to the open position, as shown in Fig. 7e. Shown
  • the outer tube 101 and the inner tube 102 are moved upward and the outer tube 101 is driven to rotate by the rotary driving member 1071 so that the plurality of drill points 108 pull a plurality of threads on the wall of the pile hole, and the bottom cover 103 is detached from the inner tube 102. , coagulation in the inner tube 102 The soil flows out and fills the pile holes to form a bottomed threaded pile, as shown in Figures 7f and 7g.
  • the pile driver 10 and the drill pipe 20 for the construction of the bottomed screw pile can provide the outer pipe 101 and the inner pipe 102 located inside the outer pipe 101, so that the outer pipe 101 can be used to protect the wall, and the inner pipe 102 can be utilized.
  • Cast concrete you can also use the inner cage 102 under the steel cage). Therefore, it is not necessary to discharge the soil, and it is not necessary to use the mud retaining wall, so that the environment is not polluted, and the construction quality can be fully ensured.
  • the outer tube 101 to protect the wall, it is difficult to solve the problem that the complex soil layer such as muddy soil and backfill soil is difficult to form and the hole is difficult to form.
  • the rotary cutting edge can be used to cut the soil, so that the torque of the pile driver 10 can be improved, so that the drilling can be performed more easily and quickly. It is easy to drill holes in a dense soil layer (hard layer).
  • each drill bit 108 Since the outer edge of each drill bit 108 is located outside the outer tube 101, the diameter of the pile hole drilled by the pile driver 10 is larger than the diameter of the outer tube 101, thereby reserving the space for the rebound of the soil, so that the drilling time is outside.
  • the tube 101 is in contact with the soil with little or no contact, whereby the outer tube 101 can be subjected to less resistance, making drilling easier.
  • the drill tip 108 located in the open position performs secondary pressing on the soil body, solving the problem of shrinking the neck pile.
  • the drill point 108 in the open position can be expanded and a thread is formed on the wall of the pile hole, whereby the pile can be externally threaded, so that the bearing capacity of the pile can be greatly improved.
  • the bottom cover 103 at the lower port of the inner tube 102, the bottom of the hole can be made free of sediment, and the problem of cleaning up the slag is solved.
  • the pile driver 10 and the drill pipe 20 for the construction of the bottom threaded pile have the functions of drilling, retaining walls and expanding holes, and the pile driver 10 can complete the drilling, reaming, and lower reinforcing cages.
  • Pour the concrete pull out the pile driver 10 while rotating, and pull out the thread to complete the bottom threaded pile. Because the torque of the pile driver 10, the downward pressure, and the pulling force are large, it is easy to drill, solve the problem of difficult drilling, and does not need mud wall protection, less soil discharge or no soil discharge, and is fast and environmentally friendly.
  • the steel cage is first lowered, and the concrete is pulled after the concrete is poured.
  • the outer tube 101 is equivalent to the sealed full casing wall forming hole, which solves the problem of difficulty in forming holes for complex and unstable soil layers.
  • the outer tube 101 and the inner tube 102 are pulled upward.
  • the outer tube 101 is not rotated to partially expand the pile hole.
  • the resulting enlarged pile has no threads.
  • the steel cage is lowered into the inner tube 102 prior to pouring the concrete into the inner tube 102.
  • a pile driver 10 includes an outer tube 101, an inner tube 102, a rotary drive member 1071, an axial drive member 1072, a bottom cover 103, and a plurality of drill tips 108.
  • a thread 1011 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the lower portion of the outer tube 101, the thread 1011 has a predetermined length, and the drill point 108 is located below the thread 1011.
  • the thread 1011 has a guiding action to make the pile driver 10 easier to drill.
  • the outer tube 101 is driven to rotate by the rotary driving member 1071 to perform drilling to obtain a pile hole of a predetermined depth.
  • a plurality of drill tips 108 are pivotally disposed at a lower portion of the outer tube 101 between the stowed position and the open position, and a plurality of drill tips 108 are disposed along a circumferential direction of the outer tube 101.
  • the following describes the previous one and the next of the two drill tips 108 adjacent in the same circumferential direction.
  • the six drill points 108 are respectively located at the zero point position, the two point position, the four point position, the six point position, the eight point position, and the ten point position.
  • the two drill points 108 at the zero position and the two-point position are two adjacent drill points 108
  • the drill point 108 at the two-point position is the previous one of the two adjacent drill points 108, at the zero position.
  • the drill tip 108 is the latter of the two adjacent drill tips 108.
  • the two drill points 108 at the two-point position and the four-point position are two adjacent drill points 108, and the drill point 108 at the four-point position is the former one of the two adjacent drill points 108 at two points.
  • the drill tip 108 is the latter of the two adjacent drill tips 108.
  • the two drill points 108 at the ten o'clock position and the zero point position are two adjacent drill points 108, and the drill point 108 at the zero position is the former one of the two adjacent drill points 108, located at ten
  • the drill tip 108 at the point location is the latter of the two adjacent drill tips 108.
  • the six drill points 108 are respectively located at the zero point position, the two point position, the four point position, the six point position, the eight point position, and the ten point position.
  • the two drill points 108 at the zero position and the two-point position are two adjacent drill points 108
  • the drill point 108 at the two-point position is the latter of the two adjacent drill points 108, at the zero position.
  • the drill tip 108 is the previous one of the two adjacent drill tips 108. By analogy, the drill tip 108 located at the remaining locations will not be described in detail.
  • Each drill tip 108 is located below the thread 1011 and the width of each drill tip 108 is reduced from top to bottom.
  • the lower ends of the plurality of drill tips 108 are brought together at one point. This makes it easier to drill the pile driver 10.
  • the distance from the outermost point of the drill point 108 to the central axis of the outer tube 101 is greater than the radius of the outer tube 101.
  • the outer edge of the drill tip 108 is located outside the outer edge of the outer tube 101.
  • the plurality of drill tips 108 are opposite each other in the radial direction of the outer tube 101.
  • each drill bit 108 is located at the outermost side of the drill tip 108. Therefore, when the outer tube 101 and the inner tube 102 are pulled upward, the drill point 108 located in the open position can better perform secondary extrusion on the soil body, further solving the problem of shrinking the neck pile.
  • a plurality of mounts are circumferentially spaced apart on the lower end surface of the outer tube 101, and the upper portion of each drill tip 108 is pivotally coupled between adjacent supports by a pin. .
  • the pile driver 10 further includes a stiffener connected between the outer wall of the outer tube 101 and each of the seats.
  • the stiffener is formed integrally with the abutment. Thereby, the structural strength of the outer tube 101 can be improved.
  • the wall thickness of the lower end 1012 of the outer tube 101 gradually increases from the top to the bottom, and the inner peripheral surface of the lower end 1012 of the outer tube 101 is a vertical surface.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the lower end 1012 of the outer tube 101 is provided There are multiple mounting slots.
  • the plurality of drill tips 108 are disposed in the plurality of mounting slots in a one-to-one correspondence by the pins 105. Thereby, the structure of the drill pipe 20 and the pile driver 10 can be made more reasonable.
  • the upper and lower ends of the mounting slot are open and the width of the mounting slot gradually increases from top to bottom.
  • the structure of the drill pipe 20 and the pile driver 10 can be made more reasonable.
  • the inner tube 102 is disposed within the outer tube 101, that is, the outer tube 101 is fitted over the inner tube 102.
  • the first portion 1021 of the inner tube 102 projects upwardly from the outer tube 101.
  • the pile driver 10 further includes a potting hopper 106 disposed at an upper end of the inner tube 102.
  • a potting hopper 106 disposed at an upper end of the inner tube 102.
  • the drill tip 108 includes a drill tip body 1081 and a mounting block 1082 disposed on an upper portion of the inner surface 1084 of the drill tip body 1081, the mounting block 1082 being pivotally It is mounted on the outer tube 101. This makes the structure of the drill tip 108 more reasonable.
  • the outer surface 1083 of the drill tip body 1081 is planar and the inner surface 1084 of the drill tip body 1081 is an inwardly convex curved surface. Since the inner tube 102 can abut against the inner surface 1084 of the drill tip body 1081 after the bottom cover 103 is detached from the inner tube 102, the drill tip 108 can be held in the open position.
  • the outer tube 101 can be driven by the vibrating hammer 1091 to perform drilling to obtain a pile hole of a predetermined depth. Further, it is also possible to drive the outer tube 101 by the rotary driving member 1071 to perform drilling to obtain a pile hole of a predetermined depth.
  • a construction method for driving the outer tube 101 by the vibrating hammer 1091 for drilling is as shown in Figs. 6a to 6g.
  • a construction method of driving the outer tube 101 by the rotary driving member 1071 for drilling is shown in Figs. 7a and 7b.
  • the construction method of drilling the hole by the vibrating hammer 1091 and the construction method of drilling the hole by the rotary driving member 1071 are different only in the step of drilling, and the remaining steps may be the same, so that the construction of drilling through the rotary driving member 1071 is not shown in the drawing.
  • the remaining steps of the method (refer to Figure 6a and Figures 6c-6g).
  • FIG. 1 shows a pile driver 10 for implementing a construction method of drilling a hole by a vibratory hammer 1091.
  • the pile driver 10 includes an outer tube 101, an inner tube 102, a rotary drive member 1071, a lift cylinder 1092, an axial drive member 1072, a vibratory hammer 1091, a bottom cover 103, and a plurality of drill tips 108.
  • the rotary drive member 1071 includes a clasping device 10711 and a rotary power head 10712 for holding and loosening the outer tube 101.
  • the holding device 10711 is sleeved on the outer tube 101.
  • the rotary power head 10712 is sleeved on the outer tube 101, and the rotary power head 10712 is connected to the holding device 10711 to drive the outer tube 101 to rotate by the holding device 10711.
  • the clasping device 10711 releases the outer tube 101, at which time the outer tube 101 can be moved downward relative to the clasping device 10711 and the rotary power head 10712.
  • the holding device 10711 holds the outer tube 101, and the rotary power head 10712 is hung.
  • the device 10711 drives the outer tube 101 to rotate.
  • a lift cylinder 1092 is coupled to a rotary power head 10712 for lifting the outer tube 101 and the inner tube 102.
  • the first portion 1021 of the inner tube 102 projects upwardly from the outer tube 101.
  • the axial drive member 1072 includes an upper slewing ring 10721, a lower slewing ring 10722, and a squeeze cylinder 10723.
  • the upper slewing ring 10721 is fitted to the inner tube 102, and the lower slewing ring 10722 is fitted to the outer tube 101.
  • the cylinder of the squeeze cylinder 10723 is connected to the lower slewing ring 10722, and the piston of the squeeze cylinder 10723 is connected to the upper slewing ring 10721.
  • the upper slewing ring 10721 is fitted over the first portion 1021 of the inner tube 102.
  • the plurality of squeeze cylinders 10723 are plural, and a plurality of squeeze cylinders 10723 are disposed around the circumference of the inner tube 102 and the outer tube 101.
  • the piston of the squeeze cylinder 10723 is a hollow tube through which the inner tube 102 passes. That is, the inner tube 102 passes through the cylinder of the squeeze cylinder 10723.
  • the vibrating hammer 1091 is connected to the outer tube 101 to drive the outer tube 101 to move downward to perform drilling.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the outer tube 101 is provided with a boss 1014, and the vibrating hammer 1091 is provided on the boss 1014.
  • the structure of the pile driver 10 can be made more reasonable.
  • FIG. 2 shows a pile driver 10 for implementing a construction method of drilling a hole by a rotary drive member 1071.
  • the pile driver 10 includes an outer tube 101, an inner tube 102, a rotary drive member 1071, a lift cylinder (not shown), an axial drive member 1072, a bottom cover 103, and a plurality of drill tips 108.
  • a thread 1011 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the lower portion of the outer tube 101.
  • the rotary driving member 1071 may be a rotary power head, and the rotary driving member 1071 is connected to the outer tube 101 to drive the outer tube 101 to rotate.
  • the lift cylinder is coupled to a rotary drive 1071 for lifting the outer tube 101 and the inner tube 102.
  • the axial drive member 1072 can include a slewing ring 10724 and a cylinder 10725.
  • the slewing ring 10724 is fitted to the inner tube 102.
  • the upper end of the cylinder 10725 is connected to the slewing ring 10724, and the lower end of the oil cylinder 10725 is connected to the rotary driving member 1071.
  • the slewing ring 10724 is fitted over the first portion 1021 of the inner tube 102 and the slewing ring 10724 is located above the rotary drive member 1071.
  • a portion 1031 of the bottom cover 103 fits within the lower port of the inner tube 102, and the remaining portion 1032 of the bottom cover 103 projects downwardly from the inner tube 102.
  • the remaining portion 1032 of the bottom cover 103 is hemispherical.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.
  • features defining “first” or “second” may include at least one of the features, either explicitly or implicitly.
  • the meaning of "a plurality” is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
  • the terms “installation”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and the like shall be understood broadly, and may be either a fixed connection or a detachable connection, unless explicitly stated and defined otherwise. Or in one piece; it may be a mechanical connection, or it may be an electrical connection or a communication with each other; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be an internal connection of two elements or an interaction relationship between two elements. Unless otherwise expressly defined. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood on a case-by-case basis.
  • the first feature "on” or “under” the second feature may be a direct contact of the first and second features, or the first and second features may be indirectly through an intermediate medium, unless otherwise explicitly stated and defined. contact.
  • the first feature "above”, “above” and “above” the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or above the second feature, or merely that the first feature level is higher than the second feature.
  • the first feature “below”, “below” and “below” the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely that the first feature level is less than the second feature.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于扩底螺纹桩施工的钻杆（20）、具有钻杆（20）的桩机（10）和扩底螺纹桩的施工方法。该钻杆（20）包括内管（102）、外管（101）、底盖（103）和多个钻尖（108）。外管（101）套设在内管（102）外，底盖（103）可脱离地配合在内管（102）的下端。多个钻尖（108）沿外管（101）的周向在收拢位置与张开位置之间可枢转地安装在外管（101）上，在收拢位置，在外管（101）的周向上相邻两个钻尖（108）中的前一个搭接在后一个上以形成旋切刃。该钻杆（20）同时具有钻孔、护壁、扩孔功能，便于在复杂的、不稳定的土层成孔。

Description

用于扩底螺纹桩施工的钻杆和桩机以及扩底螺纹桩的施工方法 技术领域
本发明涉及用于扩底螺纹桩施工的钻杆和具有所述钻杆的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的桩机，还涉及扩底螺纹桩的施工方法。
背景技术
现有的钻孔灌注桩基础是通过钻机钻孔成孔后，将钻机从孔内取出，然后下放钢筋笼，最后浇注混凝土成桩。
发明内容
本申请是基于发明人对以下事实和问题的发现和认识作出的：现有的钻孔灌注桩基础是通过钻机钻孔成孔后，将钻机从孔内取出，然后下放钢筋笼，最后浇注混凝土成桩。在成孔过程中有干、湿作业，湿作业时要用泥浆护壁。当遇到淤泥质土、回填土等复杂且不稳定的土层时，很难完成护壁，也就很难成孔，有时需要下深护筒护壁，才能成孔。所以钻孔灌注桩在成孔时护壁难，遇有硬层时钻进难，孔底清渣难，这是钻孔灌注桩成孔时遇到的三大未解难题。尤其在文明施工、环保要求高的情况下，泥浆造成的污染很难解决。
而且，在排土成孔的过程中，需要将孔内的土取出，排出的土量大，水下作业时需泥浆护壁，因此需要外运大量的泥浆，环保性能差。并且，排土成孔对于诸如砂土层和软质泥土层容易塌孔，孔的稳定性差，成桩后的侧阻力小，桩的承载力小。
在挤土的过程中，不需要将孔内的土排出，而是将孔内的土侧向挤压到孔的周围，从而成孔过程中的应力无法释放。另外，在密实的土层内钻孔困难，不适应于密实的土层，要求螺旋钻的力量增大，设备成本增加，而且孔周围的应力大，存在回弹，容易导致缩颈断桩。
本发明旨在至少在一定程度上解决相关技术中的技术问题之一。为此，本发明提出一种用于扩底螺纹桩施工的钻杆。
本发明还提出一种具有所述钻杆的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的桩机。
本发明还提出一种利用所述用于扩底螺纹桩施工的桩机实施的扩底螺纹桩的施工方法。
根据本发明第一方面实施例的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的钻杆包括：内管；外管，所述外管套设在所述内管外；底盖，所述底盖可脱离地配合在所述内管的下端；和多个钻尖，多 个所述钻尖沿所述外管的周向在收拢位置与张开位置之间可枢转地安装在所述外管上，其中在所述收拢位置，在所述外管的周向上相邻两个所述钻尖中的前一个搭接在后一个上以形成旋切刃。
根据本发明实施例的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的钻杆同时具有钻孔、护壁、扩孔功能，解决了对于复杂的、不稳定的土层成孔难的问题。
另外，根据本发明上述实施例的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的钻杆还可以具有如下附加的技术特征：
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述外管的下部的外周面上设有螺纹。
根据本发明的一个实施例，在所述收拢位置，所述钻尖的最外点到所述外管的中心轴线的距离大于所述外管的半径。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述外管的下端面上沿周向间隔地设有多个支座，每个钻尖的上部通过销轴可枢转地连接在相邻支座之间。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述用于扩底螺纹桩施工的钻杆还包括连接在所述外管的外壁与每个所述支座之间的加强筋。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述用于扩底螺纹桩施工的钻杆进一步包括设在所述内管的上端的灌注斗。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述外管的下端的壁厚由上向下逐渐增大，所述外管的下端的内周面为竖直面，所述外管的下端的外周面上设有多个安装槽，其中多个所述钻尖通过销轴一一对应地设在多个所述安装槽内。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述安装槽的上端和下端均敞开，所述安装槽的宽度由上向下逐渐增大。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述钻尖包括钻尖本体和设在所述钻尖本体的内表面的上部的安装块，所述安装块可枢转地安装在所述外管上。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述钻尖本体的外表面为平面，所述钻尖本体的内表面为向内凸出的弧形面。
根据本发明第二方面实施例的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的桩机包括：内管；外管，所述外管套设在所述内管外；旋转驱动件，所述旋转驱动件与所述外管相连，用于驱动所述外管旋转；轴向驱动件，所述轴向驱动件用于驱动所述内管沿所述内管和外管的轴向相对于所述外管移动；底盖，所述底盖可脱离地配合在所述内管的下端；和多个钻尖，多个所述钻尖沿所述外管的周向在收拢位置与张开位置之间可枢转地安装在所述外管上，所述钻尖位于所述螺纹的下方，其中在所述收拢位置，在所述外管的周向上相邻两个所述钻尖中的前一个搭接在后一个上以便形成旋切刃。
根据本发明实施例的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的桩机同时具有钻孔、护壁、扩孔功能，解决了对于复杂的、不稳定的土层成孔难的问题。
另外，根据本发明上述实施例的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的桩机还可以具有如下附加的技术特征：
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述外管的下部的外周面上设有螺纹。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述旋转驱动件包括：用于抱紧和松开所述外管的抱紧装置，所述抱紧装置套设在所述外管上；和旋转动力头，所述旋转动力头套设在所述外管上，所述旋转动力头与所述抱紧装置相连以便通过所述抱紧装置驱动所述外管旋转。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述用于扩底螺纹桩施工的桩机进一步包括起升油缸，所述起升油缸与所述旋转动力头相连。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述内管的第一部分向上伸出所述外管，所述轴向驱动件包括：上回转支承和下回转支承，所述上回转支承套设在所述内管上，所述下回转支承套设在所述外管上；以及挤扩油缸，所述挤扩油缸的缸体与所述下回转支承相连，所述挤扩油缸的活塞与所述上回转支承相连。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述挤扩油缸的缸体和活塞均套设在所述内管上。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述用于扩底螺纹桩施工的桩机进一步包括振动锤，所述振动锤套设在所述外管上。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述外管的外周面上设有凸台，所述振动锤设在所述凸台上。
根据本发明第三方面实施例的利用根据本发明第二方面所述的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的桩机形成扩底螺纹桩的施工方法包括以下步骤：
将底盖配合在内管的下端，然后使多个所述钻尖处于所述收拢位置且进行所述桩机对位；
驱动所述外管进行钻孔，以得到预定深度的桩孔；
向所述内管浇注混凝土；
通过所述旋转驱动件驱动所述外管旋转，同时通过所述轴向驱动件驱动所述内管相对于所述外管向下移动，以便所述底盖将所述钻尖顶到所述张开位置；
向上移动所述外管和所述内管且通过所述旋转驱动件驱动所述外管旋转，以便多个所述钻尖在所述桩孔的壁上拉出多条螺纹，且所述底盖与所述内管脱离，所述内管内的混凝土流出并填充到所述桩孔以便形成扩底螺纹桩。
根据本发明的一个实施例，在向所述内管浇注混凝土之前，将钢筋笼下放到所述内管中。
根据本发明的一个实施例，通过所述旋转驱动件驱动所述外管旋转进行钻孔，以得到预定深度的桩孔。
根据本发明的一个实施例，通过振动锤驱动所述外管进行钻孔，以得到预定深度的桩孔。
附图说明
本发明的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1是根据本发明的一个实施例的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的桩机的结构示意图，钻尖位于收拢位置；
图2是根据本发明的另一个实施例的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的桩机的结构示意图，钻尖位于张开位置；
图3是根据本发明实施例的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的钻杆的局部剖视图，钻尖位于收拢位置；
图4是根据本发明实施例的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的钻杆的局部剖视图，钻尖位于张开位置；
图5是根据本发明实施例的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的钻杆的局部剖视图，钻尖位于张开位置；
图6a-图6g是根据本发明的一个实施例的扩底螺纹桩的施工方法的施工流程示意图；
图7a和图7b是根据本发明的另一个实施例的扩底螺纹桩的施工方法的施工流程示意图。
附图标记：
桩机10、钻杆20、
外管101、螺纹1011、下端1012、凸台1014、
内管102、第一部分1021、底盖103、一部分1031、其余部分1032、
销轴105、灌注斗106、
旋转驱动件1071、抱紧装置10711、旋转动力头10712、轴向驱动件1072、上回转支承10721、下回转支承10722、挤扩油缸10723、回转支承10724、油缸10725、
钻尖108、钻尖本体1081、安装块1082、内表面1084、外表面1083、
振动锤1091、起升油缸1092
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
下面参考附图描述根据本发明实施例的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的桩机10。如图1-图5所示，根据本发明实施例的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的桩机10包括内管102、外管101、旋转驱动件1071、轴向驱动件1072、底盖103和多个钻尖108。
外管101套设在内管102外，旋转驱动件1071与外管101相连，旋转驱动件1071用于驱动外管101旋转。轴向驱动件1072用于驱动内管102沿内管102和外管101的轴向相对于外管101移动。底盖103可脱离地配合在内管102的下端。其中，上下方向如图1和图2中的箭头C所示。
多个钻尖108沿外管101的周向在收拢位置与张开位置之间可枢转地安装在外管101上。其中，在所述收拢位置，在外管101的周向上相邻两个钻尖108中的前一个搭接在后一个上以便形成旋切刃。也就是说，相邻两个钻尖108在水平面上的投影大体为“人”字形或“入”字形。
下面参考附图描述根据本发明实施例的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的钻杆20。如图1-图5所示，根据本发明实施例的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的钻杆20包括内管102、外管101、底盖103和多个钻尖108。
外管101套设在内管102外，底盖103可脱离地配合在内管102的下端。其中，上下方向如图1和图2中的箭头A所示。
多个钻尖108沿外管101的周向在收拢位置与张开位置之间可枢转地安装在外管101上。其中，在所述收拢位置，在外管101的周向上相邻两个钻尖108中的前一个搭接在后一个上以形成旋切刃。也就是说，相邻两个钻尖108在水平面上的投影大体为“人”字形或“入”字形。
下面参考图6a-图6g以及图7a和图7b描述利用根据本发明实施例的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的桩机10实施的扩底螺纹桩的施工方法，所述施工方法包括以下步骤：
将底盖103配合在内管102的下端(如图6a和图7a所示)，然后使多个钻尖108处于所述收拢位置，对桩机10进行对位；
驱动外管101旋转进行钻孔，以得到预定深度的桩孔，如图6b和图7b所示；
向内管102浇注混凝土，如图6d所示；
通过旋转驱动件1071驱动外管101旋转，同时通过轴向驱动件1072驱动内管102相对于外管101向下移动，以便底盖103将钻尖108顶到所述张开位置，如图7e所示；
向上移动外管101和内管102且通过旋转驱动件1071驱动外管101旋转，以便多个钻尖108在所述桩孔的壁上拉出多条螺纹，且底盖103从内管102脱离，内管102内的混凝 土流出并填充到所述桩孔以便形成扩底螺纹桩，如图7f和图7g所示。
根据本发明实施例的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的桩机10和钻杆20通过设置外管101和位于外管101内的内管102，从而可以利用外管101护壁，并利用内管102浇注混凝土(还可以利用内管102下钢筋笼)。由此不仅无需排出土，也无需使用泥浆护壁，从而不会污染环境，而且可以充分保证施工质量。通过利用外管101护壁，从而解决了淤泥质土、回填土等复杂土层护壁难、成孔难的问题。
而且，通过将相邻两个钻尖108搭接在一起且形成旋切刃，从而可以利用该旋切刃旋切土，从而可以提高桩机10的扭矩，以便更加容易地、快速地钻进，可以容易地在密实的土层(硬层)内钻孔。
由于每个钻尖108的外沿位于外管101的外侧，因此桩机10钻出的桩孔的直径大于外管101的直径，从而预留了土的回弹的空间，使得钻进时外管101与土接触较小或不接触，由此可以使外管101受到的阻力较小，使得钻进容易。
在向上拔外管101和内管102时，位于所述张开位置的钻尖108对土体进行二次挤压，解决了缩颈断桩的问题。同时，位于所述张开位置的钻尖108可以扩底且在桩孔的壁上形成螺纹，由此可以使桩具有外螺纹，从而可以大幅度提高桩的承载力。
此外，通过在内管102的下端口处设置底盖103，从而可以使孔底无沉渣，解决了清渣问题。
因此，根据本发明实施例的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的桩机10和钻杆20同时具有钻孔、护壁、扩孔功能，利用桩机10可以完成钻孔、扩孔、下钢筋笼、浇筑混凝土，边旋转的同时边拔出桩机10，拉出螺纹完成扩底螺纹桩。因桩机10的扭矩、向下的压力、起拔力大，所以钻进较易，解决钻进难的问题且无需泥浆护壁，排土较少或不排土，速度快且环保。最主要的钻孔后先下钢筋笼，在浇注混凝土后才拔管，外管101相当于密封的全套管护壁成孔，解决了对于复杂的、不稳定的土层成孔难的问题。
此外，在底盖103将钻尖108顶到所述张开位置后，向上拉动外管101和内管102。在向上拉动外管101和内管102的过程中，外管101并不旋转，以便对所述桩孔进行部分扩底。由此得到的扩底桩上并没有螺纹。
有利地，在向内管102浇注混凝土之前，将钢筋笼下放到内管102中。
如图1-图5所示，根据本发明的一些实施例的桩机10包括外管101、内管102、旋转驱动件1071、轴向驱动件1072、底盖103和多个钻尖108。
外管101的下部的外周面上形成有螺纹1011，螺纹1011具有预定长度，钻尖108位于螺纹1011的下方。螺纹1011具有导向作用，可以使桩机10更加容易钻进。
具体而言，通过旋转驱动件1071驱动外管101旋转进行钻孔，以得到预定深度的桩孔。
多个钻尖108在所述收拢位置与所述张开位置之间可枢转地设在外管101的下部，且多个钻尖108沿外管101的周向设置。
下面举例说明沿同一圆周方向相邻两个钻尖108中的前一个和后一个。当该同一圆周方向为顺时针时，且钻尖108为六个时，这六个钻尖108分别位于零点位置、两点位置、四点位置、六点位置、八点位置和十点位置。其中，位于零点位置和两点位置的两个钻尖108为相邻的两个钻尖108，且位于两点位置的钻尖108为相邻两个钻尖108中的前一个，位于零点位置的钻尖108为相邻两个钻尖108中的后一个。
位于两点位置和四点位置的两个钻尖108为相邻的两个钻尖108，且位于四点位置的钻尖108为相邻两个钻尖108中的前一个，位于两点位置的钻尖108为相邻两个钻尖108中的后一个。依此类推，位于十点位置和零点位置的两个钻尖108为相邻的两个钻尖108，且位于零点位置的钻尖108为相邻两个钻尖108中的前一个，位于十点位置的钻尖108为相邻两个钻尖108中的后一个。
当该同一圆周方向为逆时针时，且钻尖108为六个时，这六个钻尖108分别位于零点位置、两点位置、四点位置、六点位置、八点位置和十点位置。其中，位于零点位置和两点位置的两个钻尖108为相邻的两个钻尖108，且位于两点位置的钻尖108为相邻两个钻尖108中的后一个，位于零点位置的钻尖108为相邻两个钻尖108中的前一个。依此类推，对位于其余位置的钻尖108不再详细地描述。
每个钻尖108位于螺纹1011的下方，每个钻尖108的宽度由上向下减小。在本发明的一个具体示例中，在所述收拢位置，多个钻尖108的下端汇集于一点。由此可以使桩机10更加容易钻进。
如图3所示，在所述收拢位置，钻尖108的最外点到外管101的中心轴线的距离大于外管101的半径。换言之，钻尖108的外沿位于外管101的外沿的外侧。
有利地，多个钻尖108在外管101的径向上两两相对。
如图4所示，在所述张开位置，每个钻尖108的下端位于钻尖108的最外侧。由此在向上拔外管101和内管102时，位于所述张开位置的钻尖108可以更好地对土体进行二次挤压，进一步解决了缩颈断桩的问题。
在本发明的一些实施例中，外管101的下端面上沿周向间隔地设有多个支座，每个钻尖108的上部通过销轴可枢转地连接在相邻支座之间。
有利地，桩机10进一步包括连接在外管101的外壁与每个该支座之间的加强筋。有利地，该加强筋与该支座一体形成。由此可以提高外管101的结构强度。
如图3-图5所示，在本发明的另一个实施例中，外管101的下端1012的壁厚由上向下逐渐增大，外管101的下端1012的内周面为竖直面，外管101的下端1012的外周面上设 有多个安装槽。其中，多个钻尖108通过销轴105一一对应地设在多个安装槽内。由此可以使钻杆20和桩机10的结构更加合理。
有利地，安装槽的上端和下端均敞开，安装槽的宽度由上向下逐渐增大。由此可以使钻杆20和桩机10的结构更加合理。
内管102设在外管101内，即外管101套装在内管102上。有利地，内管102的第一部分1021向上伸出外管101。
如图1和图2所示，在本发明的一些示例中，桩机10进一步包括设在内管102的上端的灌注斗106。由此可以通过灌注斗106向内管102内注入混凝土，从而可以更加方便地、容易地向内管102内注入混凝土。
如图3-图5所示，在本发明的一些示例中，钻尖108包括钻尖本体1081和设在钻尖本体1081的内表面1084的上部的安装块1082，安装块1082可枢转地安装在外管101上。由此可以使钻尖108的结构更加合理。
有利地，如图4和图6所示，钻尖本体1081的外表面1083为平面，钻尖本体1081的内表面1084为向内凸出的弧形面。由于当底盖103从内管102脱离后，内管102可以抵靠在钻尖本体1081的内表面1084上，从而可以将钻尖108保持在所述张开位置。
在利用根据本发明实施例的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的桩机10实施的扩底螺纹桩的施工方法中，可以通过振动锤1091驱动外管101进行钻孔，以得到预定深度的桩孔。此外，还可以通过旋转驱动件1071驱动外管101旋转进行钻孔，以得到预定深度的桩孔。
其中，通过振动锤1091驱动外管101进行钻孔的施工方法如图6a-图6g所示。通过旋转驱动件1071驱动外管101旋转进行钻孔的施工方法如图7a和图7b所示。通过振动锤1091钻孔的施工方法与通过旋转驱动件1071钻孔的施工方法只是在钻孔这一步不同，其余步骤可以相同，因此没有在附图在示出通过旋转驱动件1071钻孔的施工方法的其余步骤(可以参考图6a以及图6c-图6g)。
图1示出了用于实施通过振动锤1091钻孔的施工方法的桩机10。如图1所示，桩机10包括外管101、内管102、旋转驱动件1071、起升油缸1092、轴向驱动件1072、振动锤1091、底盖103和多个钻尖108。
旋转驱动件1071包括用于抱紧和松开外管101的抱紧装置10711和旋转动力头10712。抱紧装置10711套设在外管101上。旋转动力头10712套设在外管101上，旋转动力头10712与抱紧装置10711相连以便通过抱紧装置10711驱动外管101旋转。
具体而言，当利用振动锤1091钻孔时，抱紧装置10711松开外管101，此时外管101可以相对抱紧装置10711和旋转动力头10712向下移动。当需要驱动外管101旋转时(例如向内管102浇注混凝土后)，抱紧装置10711抱紧外管101，旋转动力头10712通过抱紧 装置10711驱动外管101旋转。
如图1所示，在本发明的一个具体示例中，起升油缸1092与旋转动力头10712相连，起升油缸1092用于提升外管101和内管102。
内管102的第一部分1021向上伸出外管101。轴向驱动件1072包括上回转支承10721、下回转支承10722和挤扩油缸10723。上回转支承10721套装在内管102上，下回转支承10722套装在外管101上。挤扩油缸10723的缸体与下回转支承10722相连，挤扩油缸10723的活塞与上回转支承10721相连。
具体地，上回转支承10721套装在内管102的第一部分1021上。
在本发明的一个示例中，挤扩油缸10723为多个，多个挤扩油缸10723绕内管102和外管101的周向设置。
如图1所示，在本发明的另一个示例中，挤扩油缸10723的活塞为中空管，内管102穿过该活塞。也就是说，内管102穿过挤扩油缸10723的缸体。
振动锤1091与外管101相连，以便驱动外管101向下移动，从而进行钻孔。
如图1所示，有利地，外管101的外周面上设有凸台1014，振动锤1091设在凸台1014上。由此可以使桩机10的结构更加合理。
图2示出了用于实施通过旋转驱动件1071钻孔的施工方法的桩机10。如图2所示，桩机10包括外管101、内管102、旋转驱动件1071、起升油缸(图中未示出)、轴向驱动件1072、底盖103和多个钻尖108。外管101的下部的外周面上形成有螺纹1011。
具体地，旋转驱动件1071可以是旋转动力头，旋转驱动件1071与外管101相连以便驱动外管101旋转。该起升油缸与旋转驱动件1071相连，该起升油缸用于提升外管101和内管102。
轴向驱动件1072可以包括回转支承10724和油缸10725。回转支承10724套装在内管102上，油缸10725的上端与回转支承10724相连，且油缸10725的下端与旋转驱动件1071相连。
有利地，回转支承10724套装在内管102的第一部分1021上，且回转支承10724位于旋转驱动件1071的上方。
底盖103的一部分1031配合在内管102的下端口内，底盖103的其余部分1032向下伸出内管102。有利地，如图4和图6所示，底盖103的其余部分1032为半球状。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所 指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接或彼此可通讯；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本发明的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (22)

  1. 一种用于扩底螺纹桩施工的钻杆，其特征在于，包括：
    内管；
    外管，所述外管套设在所述内管外；
    底盖，所述底盖可脱离地配合在所述内管的下端；和
    多个钻尖，多个所述钻尖沿所述外管的周向在收拢位置与张开位置之间可枢转地安装在所述外管上，其中在所述收拢位置，在所述外管的周向上相邻两个所述钻尖中的前一个搭接在后一个上以形成旋切刃。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的钻杆，其特征在于，所述外管的下部的外周面上设有螺纹。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的钻杆，其特征在于，在所述收拢位置，所述钻尖的最外点到所述外管的中心轴线的距离大于所述外管的半径。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的钻杆，其特征在于，所述外管的下端面上沿周向间隔地设有多个支座，每个钻尖的上部通过销轴可枢转地连接在相邻支座之间。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的钻杆，其特征在于，还包括连接在所述外管的外壁与每个所述支座之间的加强筋。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的钻杆，其特征在于，进一步包括设在所述内管的上端的灌注斗。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的钻杆，其特征在于，所述外管的下端的壁厚由上向下逐渐增大，所述外管的下端的内周面为竖直面，所述外管的下端的外周面上设有多个安装槽，其中多个所述钻尖通过销轴一一对应地设在多个所述安装槽内。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的钻杆，其特征在于，所述安装槽的上端和下端均敞开，所述安装槽的宽度由上向下逐渐增大。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的钻杆，其特征在于，所述钻尖包括钻尖本体和设在所述钻尖本体的内表面的上部的安装块，所述安装块可枢转地安装在所述外管上。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的钻杆，其特征在于，所述钻尖本体的外表面为平面，所述钻尖本体的内表面为向内凸出的弧形面。
  11. 一种用于扩底螺纹桩施工的桩机，其特征在于，包括：
    内管；
    外管，所述外管套设在所述内管外；
    旋转驱动件，所述旋转驱动件与所述外管相连，用于驱动所述外管旋转；
    轴向驱动件，所述轴向驱动件用于驱动所述内管沿所述内管和外管的轴向相对于所述外管移动；
    底盖，所述底盖可脱离地配合在所述内管的下端；和
    多个钻尖，多个所述钻尖沿所述外管的周向在收拢位置与张开位置之间可枢转地安装在所述外管上，所述钻尖位于所述螺纹的下方，其中在所述收拢位置，在所述外管的周向上相邻两个所述钻尖中的前一个搭接在后一个上以便形成旋切刃。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的桩机，其特征在于，所述外管的下部的外周面上设有螺纹。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的桩机，其特征在于，所述旋转驱动件包括：
    用于抱紧和松开所述外管的抱紧装置，所述抱紧装置套设在所述外管上；和
    旋转动力头，所述旋转动力头套设在所述外管上，所述旋转动力头与所述抱紧装置相连以便通过所述抱紧装置驱动所述外管旋转。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的桩机，其特征在于，进一步包括起升油缸，所述起升油缸与所述旋转动力头相连。
  15. 根据权利要求11所述的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的桩机，其特征在于，所述内管的第一部分向上伸出所述外管，所述轴向驱动件包括：
    上回转支承和下回转支承，所述上回转支承套设在所述内管上，所述下回转支承套设在所述外管上；以及
    挤扩油缸，所述挤扩油缸的缸体与所述下回转支承相连，所述挤扩油缸的活塞与所述上回转支承相连。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的桩机，其特征在于，所述挤扩油缸的缸体和活塞均套设在所述内管上。
  17. 根据权利要求1-16中任一项所述的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的桩机，其特征在于，进一步包括振动锤，所述振动锤套设在所述外管上。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的桩机，其特征在于，所述外管的外周面上设有凸台，所述振动锤设在所述凸台上。
  19. 一种利用根据权利要求11-18中任一项所述的用于扩底螺纹桩施工的桩机形成扩底螺纹桩的施工方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    将底盖配合在内管的下端，然后使多个所述钻尖处于所述收拢位置且进行所述桩机对位；
    驱动所述外管进行钻孔，以得到预定深度的桩孔；
    向所述内管浇注混凝土；
    通过所述旋转驱动件驱动所述外管旋转，同时通过所述轴向驱动件驱动所述内管相对于所述外管向下移动，以便所述底盖将所述钻尖顶到所述张开位置；
    向上移动所述外管和所述内管且通过所述旋转驱动件驱动所述外管旋转，以便多个所述钻尖在所述桩孔的壁上拉出多条螺纹，且所述底盖与所述内管脱离，所述内管内的混凝土流出并填充到所述桩孔以便形成扩底螺纹桩。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的施工方法，其特征在于，在向所述内管浇注混凝土之前，将钢筋笼下放到所述内管中。
  21. 根据权利要求19或20所述的施工方法，其特征在于，通过所述旋转驱动件驱动所述外管旋转进行钻孔，以得到预定深度的桩孔。
  22. 根据权利要求19或20所述的施工方法，其特征在于，通过振动锤驱动所述外管进行钻孔，以得到预定深度的桩孔。
PCT/CN2014/094148 2014-12-17 2014-12-17 用于扩底螺纹桩施工的钻杆和桩机以及扩底螺纹桩的施工方法 WO2016095144A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2014/094148 WO2016095144A1 (zh) 2014-12-17 2014-12-17 用于扩底螺纹桩施工的钻杆和桩机以及扩底螺纹桩的施工方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2014/094148 WO2016095144A1 (zh) 2014-12-17 2014-12-17 用于扩底螺纹桩施工的钻杆和桩机以及扩底螺纹桩的施工方法

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016095144A1 true WO2016095144A1 (zh) 2016-06-23

Family

ID=56125607

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2014/094148 WO2016095144A1 (zh) 2014-12-17 2014-12-17 用于扩底螺纹桩施工的钻杆和桩机以及扩底螺纹桩的施工方法

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2016095144A1 (zh)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110566128A (zh) * 2019-08-22 2019-12-13 北京东地岩土工程有限公司 卵石地层土钉钻孔设备
CN110821411A (zh) * 2019-11-14 2020-02-21 河南理工大学 一种水下厚粉细砂层成孔用扩搅器及利用该扩搅器的成孔方法
CN111042738A (zh) * 2019-12-25 2020-04-21 长安大学 一种旋转切扩支盘桩机及切扩支盘桩的施工方法
CN111219148A (zh) * 2020-02-20 2020-06-02 杭州点实科技有限公司 一种钻孔固定设备
CN114165164A (zh) * 2021-12-13 2022-03-11 中南大学 一种成槽钻头及防水结构的施工方法
CN116005664A (zh) * 2022-12-23 2023-04-25 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 用于钻孔桩基础的施工方法、组合钢护筒及钻孔桩基础
CN116733369A (zh) * 2023-06-08 2023-09-12 中建三局集团有限公司 洞室狭小空间钻孔灌注桩成孔装备及其作业方法
CN117780331A (zh) * 2023-10-19 2024-03-29 无锡恒科工程质量检测有限公司 一种高精度钻孔灌注桩成孔质量检测方法及装置

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020070051A1 (en) * 2000-12-07 2002-06-13 Armell Richard A. Well bore reamer and method
JP2004270440A (ja) * 2003-02-17 2004-09-30 Mitani Sekisan Co Ltd 基礎杭の造成方法及び既製杭
CN1800509A (zh) * 2005-01-05 2006-07-12 北京中阔科技有限责任公司 多节挤扩螺旋沉管桩的装置及其工法
CN1904225A (zh) * 2006-07-31 2007-01-31 彭桂皎 螺杆桩、螺纹桩成桩设备及成桩工法
JP2009002082A (ja) * 2007-06-22 2009-01-08 Omtec:Kk 基礎杭用掘削装置
CN102619219A (zh) * 2012-04-11 2012-08-01 贺德新 钻孔现浇混凝土可变螺纹管桩的施工方法及其钻具
CN104563911A (zh) * 2014-12-17 2015-04-29 贺德新 用于扩底螺纹桩施工的钻杆
CN104563854A (zh) * 2014-12-17 2015-04-29 贺德新 用于扩底螺纹桩施工的桩机和扩底螺纹桩的施工方法

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020070051A1 (en) * 2000-12-07 2002-06-13 Armell Richard A. Well bore reamer and method
JP2004270440A (ja) * 2003-02-17 2004-09-30 Mitani Sekisan Co Ltd 基礎杭の造成方法及び既製杭
CN1800509A (zh) * 2005-01-05 2006-07-12 北京中阔科技有限责任公司 多节挤扩螺旋沉管桩的装置及其工法
CN1904225A (zh) * 2006-07-31 2007-01-31 彭桂皎 螺杆桩、螺纹桩成桩设备及成桩工法
JP2009002082A (ja) * 2007-06-22 2009-01-08 Omtec:Kk 基礎杭用掘削装置
CN102619219A (zh) * 2012-04-11 2012-08-01 贺德新 钻孔现浇混凝土可变螺纹管桩的施工方法及其钻具
CN104563911A (zh) * 2014-12-17 2015-04-29 贺德新 用于扩底螺纹桩施工的钻杆
CN104563854A (zh) * 2014-12-17 2015-04-29 贺德新 用于扩底螺纹桩施工的桩机和扩底螺纹桩的施工方法

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110566128A (zh) * 2019-08-22 2019-12-13 北京东地岩土工程有限公司 卵石地层土钉钻孔设备
CN110821411A (zh) * 2019-11-14 2020-02-21 河南理工大学 一种水下厚粉细砂层成孔用扩搅器及利用该扩搅器的成孔方法
CN111042738A (zh) * 2019-12-25 2020-04-21 长安大学 一种旋转切扩支盘桩机及切扩支盘桩的施工方法
CN111042738B (zh) * 2019-12-25 2024-04-09 长安大学 一种旋转切扩支盘桩机及切扩支盘桩的施工方法
CN111219148A (zh) * 2020-02-20 2020-06-02 杭州点实科技有限公司 一种钻孔固定设备
CN111219148B (zh) * 2020-02-20 2021-05-04 杭州点实科技有限公司 一种钻孔固定设备
CN114165164A (zh) * 2021-12-13 2022-03-11 中南大学 一种成槽钻头及防水结构的施工方法
CN114165164B (zh) * 2021-12-13 2023-03-14 中南大学 一种成槽钻头及防水结构的施工方法
CN116005664A (zh) * 2022-12-23 2023-04-25 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 用于钻孔桩基础的施工方法、组合钢护筒及钻孔桩基础
CN116733369A (zh) * 2023-06-08 2023-09-12 中建三局集团有限公司 洞室狭小空间钻孔灌注桩成孔装备及其作业方法
CN116733369B (zh) * 2023-06-08 2024-04-26 中建三局集团有限公司 洞室狭小空间钻孔灌注桩成孔装备及其作业方法
CN117780331A (zh) * 2023-10-19 2024-03-29 无锡恒科工程质量检测有限公司 一种高精度钻孔灌注桩成孔质量检测方法及装置

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2016095144A1 (zh) 用于扩底螺纹桩施工的钻杆和桩机以及扩底螺纹桩的施工方法
CN104563911B (zh) 用于扩底螺纹桩施工的钻杆
CN110644485A (zh) 一种可安放护筒的扩底旋挖钻头
CN102619224B (zh) 变截面钻孔灌注桩的施工方法
CN103556628B (zh) 螺旋锥体挤土桩施工方法
CN207296871U (zh) 全套管螺旋钻机的改良结构
CN105649083A (zh) 全套管一次性旋切式清桩装置及其清桩方法
JP2006241919A (ja) 杭施工機および杭施工方法
CN103835287A (zh) 一种挤密变径桩的施工方法及装置
KR20130113003A (ko) 고강도 강관을 이용한 선단확장형 중굴 공법에 사용되는 굴착 장비
CN103089170A (zh) 长螺旋钻孔压灌桩机伸缩钻杆及其施工方法
CN110529041B (zh) 一种用于倾斜桩成孔的自取土式双层全套管及其施工方法
CN102505691B (zh) 预制管桩施工方法
KR102178354B1 (ko) 파일 인발장치
CN203685063U (zh) 一种螺旋钻杆及螺旋钻杆的进液装置
CN104563854B (zh) 用于扩底螺纹桩施工的桩机和扩底螺纹桩的施工方法
CN204457414U (zh) 用于扩底螺纹桩施工的桩机
CN202530447U (zh) 一种沉双管拔内管成孔灌注桩结构
JP6077986B2 (ja) 障害地盤杭打設装置及び障害地盤に鋼管杭を打設する方法
CN206267795U (zh) 螺旋柱体挤土钻头
CN205100889U (zh) 一种等分式旋挖挤扩灌注排渣一体钻杆
CN100434595C (zh) 钻孔泵灌大流动砼指环桩的成桩方法及成桩装置
KR20130027763A (ko) 에어 순환용 해머비트 구조
JP6284119B2 (ja) 拡頭部を有する杭穴の掘削方法
JP2004131923A (ja) 地中既設構造物の引抜工法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 14908179

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 14908179

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1