WO2016083345A1 - Piezoelektrische positionier-vorrichtung und positionier-verfahren mittels einer derartigen piezoelektrischen positionier-vorrichtung - Google Patents
Piezoelektrische positionier-vorrichtung und positionier-verfahren mittels einer derartigen piezoelektrischen positionier-vorrichtung Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016083345A1 WO2016083345A1 PCT/EP2015/077449 EP2015077449W WO2016083345A1 WO 2016083345 A1 WO2016083345 A1 WO 2016083345A1 EP 2015077449 W EP2015077449 W EP 2015077449W WO 2016083345 A1 WO2016083345 A1 WO 2016083345A1
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- positioning device
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- analog converter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/80—Constructional details
- H10N30/802—Circuitry or processes for operating piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices not otherwise provided for, e.g. drive circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/02—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing linear motion, e.g. actuators; Linear positioners ; Linear motors
- H02N2/06—Drive circuits; Control arrangements or methods
- H02N2/062—Small signal circuits; Means for controlling position or derived quantities, e.g. for removing hysteresis
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01Q—SCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES OR APPARATUS; APPLICATIONS OF SCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES, e.g. SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY [SPM]
- G01Q10/00—Scanning or positioning arrangements, i.e. arrangements for actively controlling the movement or position of the probe
- G01Q10/04—Fine scanning or positioning
- G01Q10/06—Circuits or algorithms therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70691—Handling of masks or workpieces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D3/00—Control of position or direction
- G05D3/12—Control of position or direction using feedback
- G05D3/20—Control of position or direction using feedback using a digital comparing device
- G05D3/203—Control of position or direction using feedback using a digital comparing device using fine or coarse devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/0005—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing non-specific motion; Details common to machines covered by H02N2/02 - H02N2/16
- H02N2/0075—Electrical details, e.g. drive or control circuits or methods
Definitions
- the invention relates to a piezoelectric positioning device and a positioning method by means of such a piezoelectric positioning onier device.
- Piezoelectric actuators are known and are used for highly accurate positioning of kinematic systems.
- the actuation of piezoelectric actuators via a digital-to-analog converter so that the positioning accuracy of the piezoelectric actuators of the quantization stages or voltage levels of the analog output voltage of the digital-to-analog converter depends.
- the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a piezoelectric positioning device with at least one piezoelectric actuator, which allows a simple and reliable way a high positioning accuracy. This object is achieved by a piezoelectric positioning device having the features of claim 1.
- the control device has two digital-analog converters.
- the first digital-to-analog converter which is also referred to below as a coarse converter, has a first voltage range AUi
- the second digital-to-analog converter which is also referred to below as a fine converter, has a smaller second voltage range AU 2 .
- the second voltage range AU 2 covers at least one first voltage level Aui of the coarse converter, so that the positioning accuracy of the at least one piezoelectric actuator is determined by the second voltage levels Au 2 of the fine converter.
- the positioning accuracy of the piezoelectric positioning device can be increased in a simple and reliable manner.
- the at least one piezoelectric actuator is operated floating, the digital-to-analog converter can be easily connected to the respective terminal contacts.
- the piezoelectric actuator is designed as a piezo stack.
- a positioning device ensures in a simple manner a high positioning accuracy.
- the coarse converter has a maximum voltage inaccuracy Au d in the first voltage stages Aui, which is referred to as differential nonlinearity and which impairs the positioning accuracy. Because of that, the second voltage range
- the fine converter can also compensate for an occurring voltage inaccuracy Au d at least partially.
- the second voltage range AU 2 covers at most sixty-four first voltage levels Au i? and in particular at most thirty-two first voltage stages Aui, so that the second voltage stages Au 2 are as small as possible in order to achieve a high positioning accuracy.
- the second voltage range AU 2 is determined the differential non-linearity and in particular the noise of the coarse transducer. The noise is usually based on the resolution or the first voltage levels Aui of the coarse converter.
- the second voltage range AU 2 of the fine converter is selected to be as large as is permissible for the resolution and noise required in the respective application. Accordingly, the second voltage range AU 2 is selected to be as small as possible under the condition that readjustment of the coarse converter in the stationary state is reliably avoided.
- a positioning device ensures a high positioning accuracy.
- the respective voltage amplifier can be optimally adapted to the associated digital-to-analog converter.
- a positioning device ensures a high positioning accuracy.
- the ohmic resistor is connected in series with the fine converter or the associated second voltage amplifier and attenuates the noise of the coarse converter and the fine converter.
- the noise of the coarse converter is preferably attenuated by a low-pass filter, so that the dimensioning of the ohmic series resistor to the noise of the first voltage amplifier on the analogue side, the noise of the fine converter, at a possibly desired resolution for a Current measurement via the series resistance for the purpose of charge regulation and at a required bandwidth for the voltage applied to the piezoelectric actuator, which is based on a bandwidth requirement of the regulation with regard to the excitation of disturbances. results, oriented.
- the noise of the second voltage amplifier can be neglected with respect to the noise of the fine converter in the rule and therefore has no significance for the dimensioning of the series resistance.
- the series resistor can also be used as a shunt or measuring resistor to measure the current flowing in the at least one piezoelectric actuator current and provide a digital control unit for charge control.
- a positioning device ensures a high positioning accuracy.
- the low pass filter attenuates the noise and dynamics of the coarse transducer, while not affecting the dynamics of the fine transducer. As a result, the positioning device has high dynamics and high positioning accuracy.
- the determination of the cut-off frequency of the low-pass filter results from the required maximum travel speed, which causes a maximum voltage change at the piezoelectric actuator.
- a compensation low-pass filter is provided, so that the low-pass-damped dynamics of the first converter amplifier circuit is compensated by the second converter-amplifier circuit. The cutoff frequency of this compensation low-pass filter results accordingly from the required maximum travel speed.
- a positioning device enables a highly accurate position control.
- the position measuring sensor provides the control device with an actual position of the at least one piezoelectric actuator and / or of the kinematic system to be controlled.
- a positioning device ensures a desired positioning accuracy with high reliability.
- the position control unit allows the control of the measured actual position to a predetermined desired position.
- the position control unit is in particular designed such that no stationary control deviation occurs.
- the position control unit has a controller with an integrating component.
- the controller is designed for example as a PID controller.
- the position control unit preferably has a setpoint filter which predetermines a setpoint position taking into account the physical limits for an acceleration and / or speed of the at least one piezoelectric actuator.
- the setpoint filter in particular has the function of a path generator.
- a positioning device ensures a high positioning accuracy in conjunction with a high dynamics.
- the position pre-control unit provides a pre-control manipulated variable, which convert the digital-to-analog converter substantially instantaneously in a respective output voltage. As a result, the position control has a high dynamic.
- the Po tion pilot unit interacts with the position control unit, so that the pilot control variable and a control manipulated variable are added to a total manipulated variable.
- a positioning device ensures in a simple and reliable manner a high stationary accuracy of the position control unit.
- the detection unit generates a control signal when a predefined control deviation limit value is undercut. With the control signal is thus recognizable when the position control unit or the position control in a stationary or stable State passes.
- parameters of the position control unit and / or a calculation unit for controlling the coarse and fine converters can be changed, for example, in order to avoid an undesired change in the first converter output voltage Ui in the stationary state of the position control.
- the control signal is generated when the position control deviation is less than the predefined control deviation limit value for a minimum period of time. If a setpoint limiter and / or a setpoint filter is used, the control signal is preferably generated when the filtered setpoint position additionally corresponds to the predefined setpoint position or the maximum setpoint position bounded by the setpoint limiter.
- a positioning device ensures a simple and reliable way a high positioning accuracy.
- the calculation unit calculates from a voltage setpoint a first voltage value for the coarse converter and a second voltage value for the fine converter, which must be provided by the coarse converter or the fine converter as analog converter output voltages.
- the first voltage value for the coarse converter is first calculated, so that the required second voltage value of the fine converter for conversion of the voltage setpoint lies substantially in the middle in the second voltage range AU 2 .
- the fine converter has an equally large voltage range for a change in the voltage setpoint in the positive and negative directions
- the calculation unit preferably calculates a required first voltage value in a current time step and compares this with a first voltage value that was calculated in an earlier time step. If a difference between the voltage setpoint and the first voltage value at the earlier time step exceeds a limit, the earlier first voltage value is replaced by the current first voltage value.
- the limit for example, greater than zero, but not more than Au 2/2.
- a positioning device ensures a high positioning accuracy in a stationary state of the position control.
- the fact that the limit value is changed or increased in a stationary state of the position control it can be forced that during the position control at a fixed position changes in the converter output voltage of the coarse converter are extremely unlikely. As a result, undesirable changes in the output voltage of the coarse converter in a stationary state of the position control can be avoided.
- the limit value is set, for example, to AU 2/4 , so that a readjustment of the coarse converter is forced or forced before reaching or detecting the stationary state. If a stationary state is detected, the limit value is set to AU 2/2, for example, whereby changes in the output voltage of the coarse converter are unlikely to correct disturbances.
- a positioning device ensures a high positioning accuracy. Characterized in that a measuring voltage is determined at the ohmic resistance or series resistance, can with this Measuring voltage, a voltage regulation or a charge control for the at least one piezoelectric actuator are constructed. The voltage regulation or the charge regulation provides an inner control loop which is superimposed by the position control as outer control loop.
- a positioning device ensures a high positioning accuracy.
- the charge control unit hysteresis effects of the at least one piezoelectric actuator can be avoided or compensated.
- the charge control unit which provides an inner control loop, an actual charge state of the at least one piezoelectric actuator is set exactly, wherein the target charge state is specified in particular by the position control unit, which forms an outer position control loop.
- the piezoelectric positioning device can be advantageously applied to a projection exposure apparatus.
- this makes it possible to position at least one component of the projection exposure apparatus, such as a lens, a mirror and / or a plate to be bent, with high accuracy.
- the invention is also based on the object to provide a positioning method that allows a simple and reliable way niergenau réelle a high positioning.
- the advantages of the positioning method according to the invention correspond to the already described advantages of the invention.
- piezoelectric positioning device To the invention piezoelectric positioning device.
- the positioning method can in particular also be developed with the features of claims 1 to 13.
- the positioning method is used in a projection exposure apparatus according to claim 14.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the structure of a piezoelectric positioning device with a piezoelectric actuator, which is driven by a first digital-to-analog converter and a second digital-to-analog converter,
- a piezoelectric positioning device 1 has a piezoelectric actuator 3 for positioning a kinematic system 2.
- the piezoelectric actuator 3 acts - seen electrically - as a capacitor with a capacitance C and changes in response to an actual charge state, a longitudinal dimension. The change in the longitudinal dimension is denoted by ⁇ .
- the piezoelectric actuator 3 is known and customary and designed, for example, as a piezo stack.
- the piezoelectric actuator 3 is connected via connection contacts 4, 5 with a control device 6.
- the control device 6 has a digital signal processor 7.
- a first converter-amplifier circuit 8 is in signal communication with the digital signal processor 7, but galvanically separated from it by means of a first insulating element 1 1. Dermony Wandler-Amplifier-Scchez 8 ist mit dem Known Isolationselement 1 1sky.
- the first converter-amplifier circuit 8 is connected to the first terminal contact 4.
- a second converter amplifier circuit 9 is connected via a series resistor 10 to the second terminal contact 5.
- the series resistor 10 has the resistance value.
- the second converter-amplifier circuit 9 is in signal connection with the digital signal processor 7, but of this by means of a second Isolationsele- element 1 1 'galvanically isolated.
- the first converter-amplifier circuit 8 has a first digital-to-analog converter 12, which is connected via a low-pass filter 13 to a first voltage amplifier 14.
- the first digital-to-analog converter 12 has a first voltage range AUi and provides a first analog converter output voltage Ui in first voltage stages Aui.
- the first converter-amplifier circuit 8 is connected to a first voltage source 15, which provides a first shift voltage. Due to the first displacement voltage, a reference potential of the first wall amplifier amplifier circuit 8 relative to the reference potential (GROUND GND) shifted. This requires galvanic isolation by the isolation element 11 'between the digital signal processor 7 and the first converter-amplifier circuit 8.
- the second converter amplifier circuit 9 has a second digital-to-analog converter 16, which is connected to a second voltage amplifier 17.
- the second digital-to-analog converter 16 has a second voltage range AU 2 and provides a second analog converter output voltage U 2 in second voltage stages Au 2 .
- the second converter-amplifier circuit 9 is connected to a second voltage source 18, which provides a second shift voltage. By the second shift voltage, a reference potential of the second converter-amplifier circuit 9 is shifted relative to the reference potential. This requires the galvanic isolation by the isolation element 1 1 'between the digital signal processor 7 and the second converter amplifier circuit 9. If the second shift voltage 0 V, the second insulation element 1 1' is not required.
- the isolation element 1 1 for reasons of security be useful because in this way the digital signal processor 7 is electrically isolated in case of failure of possibly high voltage leading components of the second converter amplifier circuit 9.
- the second converter amplifier circuit 9 is operated symmetrically to the reference potential, so that a galvanic isolation by the second insulation element 1 1 'can be omitted.
- the second displacement voltage is set to 0 V.
- this is advantageous because a current measurement via the ohmic series resistor 10 is Licher way via a digital-to-analog converter with differential input or a corresponding preamplifier takes place, wherein the common mode signal of the differential input or differential preamplifier is usually limited to +/- 5 V from the reference potential.
- it is advantageous for safety reasons to leave the voltage potential of a connection contact 4, 5 in the vicinity of the reference potential. If one of the connection contacts 4, 5 gets inadvertently in contact with the reference potential or the housing ground of the piezoelectric positioning device 1, for example during a commissioning measurement, this does not lead to a depolarization or destruction of the piezoelectric actuator 3.
- the first shift voltage is set to -17, 5V and the second shift voltage set to 0V. This ensures that in the event of a fault - regardless of which terminal contact 4, 5 touches the reference potential or the housing ground - maximum -17.5 V to 1 17.5 V are applied to the piezoelectric actuator 3, ie the voltage applied in the event of a fault in the working range of the piezoelectric actuator 3 is located.
- the first digital-to-analogue converter 12 has n bits, so that a first digital input 2 can assume n input values di.
- the first voltage levels Aui are defined by the first voltage range AUi and the 2 n digital input values di.
- the second digital-to-analog converter has 16 m bits, so that a second digital input can assume 2 m input values d 2 .
- the second voltage stages Au 2 are divided by the second voltage range AU 2 and the 2 m input voltage. values d 2 are set.
- the first digital-to-analog converter 12 serves to provide the converter output voltage Ui in a large voltage range AUi and in large voltage levels Au i?
- the first digital-to-analog converter 12 is also referred to below as a coarse converter 12
- the second digital-to-analog converter 16 is also referred to below as a fine converter 16. It applies accordingly:
- the second voltage range AU 2 moreover covers at least one first voltage level Aui, so that the following applies:
- the first voltage levels Aui have a voltage inaccuracy in practice.
- a maximum voltage inaccuracy Au d is exemplified in FIG.
- the maximum voltage inaccuracy Au d can occur in the worst case at a voltage level Aui in a negative direction and in a subsequent voltage level Aui in a positive direction. This is illustrated in FIG. 2 by way of example for the voltage levels Aui and 2-Aui.
- Occurring voltage inaccuracies are also known as differential nonlinearities in digital-to-analog converters. The following applies accordingly for the second voltage range AU 2 : AU 2 > Aui + Aua, in particular AU 2 > Aui + 2 Au d .
- the positioning accuracy of the piezoelectric actuator 3 is dependent on the second voltage levels Au 2 , so the resolution of the fine transducer 16.
- the positioning accuracy is accordingly higher, the smaller the second voltage levels Au 2 .
- the second voltage range AU 2 for the second voltage range AU 2 :
- the positioning device 1 For measuring an actual position x to be controlled, the positioning device 1 has a position measuring sensor 19.
- the position measuring sensor 19 measures, for example, the actual position x of a component of the kinematic system 2 to be positioned.
- the position measuring sensor 19 can measure, for example, the actual position x or the displacement path of the piezoelectric actuator 3.
- the position measuring sensor 19 is in signal connection with the control device 6 and provides the digital signal processor 7 with digital measured values x m of the actual position x via a first analog-to-digital converter 20.
- the series resistor 10 is used as a shunt or measuring resistor in order to determine the current flowing to the piezoelectric actuator 3.
- the positioning device 1 has a voltage measuring sensor 21 which has a voltage U m dropping across the series resistor 10 measures.
- the voltage measuring sensor 21 is in signal connection with the control device 6 and provides the digital signal processor 7 with digital measured values u m of the voltage U m via a second analog-to-digital converter 22.
- the control device 6 takes place a position control of the actual position x and a charge control of an actual charge state Q of the piezoelectric actuator 3.
- the charge control forms an inner loop, whereas the position control forms a superimposed this outer control loop.
- the digital signal processor 7 forms a position control unit 23, a position control unit 24, a charge control unit 25, a calculation unit 26 and a detection unit 27.
- a desired position X s is in the position control unit 23 initially a setpoint limiter 28 and a possibly limited setpoint position X s ' a setpoint filter 29 is supplied.
- the setpoint value filter 29 has the function of a path generator and takes into account in particular physical limits of the piezoelectric actuator 3.
- the setpoint value filter 29 provides on the output side a calculated second setpoint position x s .
- a first adder 31 By means of a first adder 31, the measured and digitized actual position x m is subtracted from the desired position x s and a position control deviation e x calculated. Any dead times of the kinematic system 2 and / or the positioning device 1 can be considered via a dead time element 30 before the adder 31.
- the position control deviation e x is fed to a pre-filter 32 and a downstream position controller 33.
- the position controller 33 provides on the output side a control manipulated variable u R ready.
- the position control unit 23 cooperates with the position pilot control unit 24.
- the desired position x s as a pilot control variable with the control manipulated variable u R by means of a second adder 34 added to a total manipulated variable u P.
- the manipulated variable u P provides a desired charge state Q s for the charge control unit 25.
- the charge control unit 25 is also supplied with the digitized measurement voltage u m , which is converted in a conversion element 35 with the resistance value R into a current i m , which is filtered in a pre-filter 36 and subsequently integrated by means of an integrator 37.
- the integrator 37 provides an actual charge state Q of the piezoelectric actuator 3 on the output side. From the nominal charge state Q s , the actual charge state Q is subtracted by means of a third adder 38, so that the third adder 38 outputs a charge control deviation e Q on the output side.
- the charge control deviation e Q is converted in a second conversion element 39 into a voltage setpoint U s , which is to be output by the digital-to-analog converters 12, 16 as the sum of the analog converter output voltages Ui and U 2 .
- the voltage setpoint U s is supplied to the calculation unit 26, which calculates the digital input values di and d 2 for the digital-to-analog converters 12 and 16.
- the calculation unit 26 is also supplied with a control signal S, which is generated by the detection unit 27.
- the detection unit 27 the target positions X s , X s ' and x s and the position control deviation e x supplied.
- the calculation unit 26 is illustrated in detail in FIG. 4. To illustrate the time steps, the current time step is marked [k] and the previous time step is [k - 1]. From the voltage setpoint U ⁇ [k], a required first voltage value U iS [k] for the coarse converter 12 is calculated by means of a conversion element 39.
- the first voltage value U iS [k] takes into account the parameters of the coarse converter 12, such as the first voltage range AUi and the first voltage levels Aui or the resolution.
- This first voltage value U iS [k] is supplied to a first selection element 40.
- the selection element 40 is additionally supplied with an output voltage value U A [k-1] of the selection element 40, which is stored in a memory element 41.
- the output voltage value U A [k] predetermines the analog first converter output voltage Ui to be output by the coarse converter 12, wherein in the calculation element 42 the corresponding digital input value di for the coarse converter 12 is calculated.
- the output voltage value U A [k] is further supplied to a compensation low-pass filter 50.
- the compensation low pass filter 50 ensures that the due to the low-pass filter 13 low-pass-damped dynamics of the first converter-amplifier circuit 8 is compensated by the second converter amplifier circuit 9. This means that in the small signal Behavior for the voltage at the piezoelectric actuator 3, the entire dynamics for the correction of disturbances is available.
- the cut-off frequency of the low-pass filter 13 and thus also the cut-off frequency of the compensation low-pass filter 50 are determined from the required maximum travel speed of the piezoelectric actuator 3.
- the low-pass-filtered output voltage value U A [k] for the coarse converter 12 is subtracted from the voltage setpoint U s [k], so that the adder 43 outputs a second voltage value U 2 s [k] which differs from the fine - Transducer 16 is to be output as a second analog converter output voltage U 2 .
- this second voltage value U 2S [k] is converted into the digital input value d 2 for the fine converter 16.
- the output voltage value U A [k-1] is subtracted from the previous time step by means of a fifth adder 45 from the voltage setpoint U s [k], which is stored in a memory element 46.
- the adder 45 outputs a voltage difference to which a difference amount AU [k] is formed by means of an absolute value generator 47.
- a second selection element 49 selects between a first one as a function of the control signal S [k] provided by the detection unit 27 Limit value Lu and a second limit value L s and provides depending on the selection of the current limit value L [k].
- the first limit value Lu is selected when the control signal S [k] characterizes an unstable dynamic state of the position control
- the second limit value L s is selected when the control signal S [k] characterizes a steady state of the position control.
- the piezoelectric positioning device 1 is for example part of a projection exposure apparatus, wherein at least one component of the projection exposure apparatus, such as a mirror, a lens and / or a plate to be bent, can be positioned with high precision by means of the piezoelectric positioning device 1.
- the operation of the Po sitions- device 1 is as follows:
- a suitable path profile and the associated setpoint position x s are calculated by means of the setpoint limiter 28 and the setpoint value filter 29. From the desired position x s and the digitized actual position x m , which was determined by means of the position measuring sensor 19, the position control deviation e x is determined and fed via the pre-filter 32 to the position controller 33, the Control variable u R outputs.
- the position controller 33 is, for example, as a PID controller.
- the desired position x s is added up via the position pilot control unit 24 and the resulting desired charge state Q s of the piezoelectric actuator 3 is fed to the charge control unit 25.
- the charge control unit 25 calculates a charge control deviation e Q and outputs on the output the required voltage setpoint U s , which must be converted by the digital-to-analog converter 12 and 16 in the analog converter output voltages Ui and U 2 .
- the charge control deviation e Q the digitized measurement voltage u m is converted into a current i m and integrated into the actual charge state Q.
- the digital input values di and d 2 for the digital-analog converters 12, 16 are calculated in the manner already described from the voltage setpoint U s .
- the position control is initially in a dynamic state, so that the detection unit 27 transmits a corresponding control signal S to the calculation unit 26 and this uses the first limit value Lu for the comparator 48.
- the digital-to-analog converters 12, 16 provide the desired analog converter output voltages Ui and U 2 in accordance with the input values di and d 2 and their characteristics.
- the converter output voltage Ui is filtered by means of the low-pass filter 13 and then applied in a desired manner by means of the voltage amplifier 14 amplified to the piezoelectric actuator 3.
- the low-pass filter 13 and the series resistor 10 By the low-pass filter 13 and the series resistor 10, a noise signal of the coarse transducer 12 is attenuated.
- the piezoelectric actuator 3 changes its longitudinal extent by ⁇ and thus sets the desired actual position x. If a substantially stationary state of the position control is reached, the detection unit 27 detects this and provides the calculation unit 26 with a corresponding control signal S. The calculation unit 26 accordingly uses the larger second limit value L s for the comparator, as a result of which the coarse converter 12 does not change its set converter output voltage Ui until a change in the voltage setpoint U s can not be set via the fine converter 16.
- the first limit Lu is, for example, AU 2/4 , whereby changes in the coarse converter 12 are forced in the dynamic state of the position control.
- the second limit value L s for example, AU 2/2 , whereby the second voltage range AU 2 of the fine converter 16 is optimally utilized.
- the positioning device according to the invention and the inventive two-stage digital-analog converter concept with a coarse and a fine converter thus enables a highly accurate position control of piezoelectric actuators, in particular of piezoelectric stacks, using a voltage or charge drive.
- the entire setting range or travel range over the length dimension allows a single piezo stack.
- piezoelectric stacks react directly and directly to changes in voltage or charge also enables highly dynamic position regulation.
- the at least one piezoelectric actuator or the at least one piezoelectric stack consists of a ceramic which is not conductive. In this way, the piezoelectric actuator can be operated in particular floating.
- the measurement on the series resistor can also diagnose system faults, such as cable breaks and / or short circuits. Due to the division into a coarse-converter and a fine-converter differential non-linearities can be specifically avoided, since small position-control deviations can always be compensated with the fine converter and the converter output voltage of the coarse converter is changed only with relatively large changes in position ,
- the control concept for the coarse converter and the fine converter is basically such that a changed voltage setpoint is to be set as far as possible via the fine converter, so that no change in the coarse converter is required. If this is not possible, both the coarse converter and the fine converter are changed and set so that the fine converter is as close as possible to its middle position or in the center of its voltage range. This is ensured by the calculation unit.
- the number of setpoint changes of the coarse converter is minimized by the calculation unit, so that the differential nonlinearity of the coarse converter only occasionally acts as a unique disturbance in the position control loop and can be easily compensated by the position control loop.
- By linking the calculation unit with the detection unit is also ensured that a change in the coarse transducer does not occur in a stationary state of the position control, so if the set actual position should be kept accurate.
- the coarse transducer is adjusted or readjusted so that with the fine converter a possible same voltage range in the positive direction and negative direction is available. As a result, voltage changes required for the highly accurate holding of the actual position can be applied solely by the fine converter.
- the positioning device according to the invention can be easily adapted to the voltage range of the piezoelectric actuator see and this be reliably protected against overvoltages.
- the digital charge control hysteresis effects of the piezoelectric actuator can be substantially avoided.
- piezoelectric stacks of low-voltage ceramics a power-saving and highly integrated design of the positioning device is possible.
- the number of components is comparatively low, so that interference by noise, thermal drift, component variances, is low.
- the positioning device according to the invention enables a highly accurate and highly dynamic position control in a simple and reliable manner.
- the positioning device according to the invention is suitable in principle for the positioning of any kinematic systems or their components.
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017528418A JP6786488B2 (ja) | 2014-11-27 | 2015-11-24 | ピエゾ位置決め装置及び当該ピエゾ位置決め装置による位置決め方法 |
| CN201580064483.4A CN107005178B (zh) | 2014-11-27 | 2015-11-24 | 压电定位装置以及使用这样的压电定位装置的定位方法 |
| KR1020177014111A KR102584233B1 (ko) | 2014-11-27 | 2015-11-24 | 압전 위치설정 디바이스 및 이러한 압전 위치설정 디바이스에 의한 위치설정 방법 |
| US15/608,397 US10128429B2 (en) | 2014-11-27 | 2017-05-30 | Piezoelectric positioning device and positioning method by means of such a piezoelectric positioning device |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014224220.7A DE102014224220A1 (de) | 2014-11-27 | 2014-11-27 | Piezoelektrische Positionier-Vorrichtung und Positionier-Verfahren mittels einer derartigen piezoelektrischen Positionier-Vorrichtung |
| DE102014224220.7 | 2014-11-27 |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US15/608,397 Continuation US10128429B2 (en) | 2014-11-27 | 2017-05-30 | Piezoelectric positioning device and positioning method by means of such a piezoelectric positioning device |
Publications (1)
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|---|---|
| WO2016083345A1 true WO2016083345A1 (de) | 2016-06-02 |
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Family Applications (1)
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| PCT/EP2015/077449 Ceased WO2016083345A1 (de) | 2014-11-27 | 2015-11-24 | Piezoelektrische positionier-vorrichtung und positionier-verfahren mittels einer derartigen piezoelektrischen positionier-vorrichtung |
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| US (1) | US10128429B2 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP6786488B2 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR102584233B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN107005178B (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102014224220A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2016083345A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109560720B (zh) * | 2019-01-09 | 2023-08-29 | 桂林电子科技大学 | 一种菱形陶瓷驱动器 |
| US11810749B2 (en) | 2021-12-06 | 2023-11-07 | Carl Zeiss Smt Gmbh | Charged particle beam system, method of operating a charged particle beam system, method of recording a plurality of images and computer programs for executing the methods |
| DE102022203257A1 (de) | 2022-04-01 | 2023-10-05 | Carl Zeiss Smt Gmbh | Ansteuervorrichtung, optisches system, lithographieanlage und verfahren |
| DE102022203255A1 (de) | 2022-04-01 | 2023-10-05 | Carl Zeiss Smt Gmbh | Ansteuervorrichtung, optisches system und lithographieanlage |
| DE102024204700A1 (de) * | 2024-05-22 | 2025-11-27 | Carl Zeiss Smt Gmbh | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Festkörperaktuators in einer mikrolithographischen Projektionsbelichtungsanlage, adaptives optisches Element und Projektionsbelichtungsanlage |
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| JPS6378582A (ja) * | 1986-09-22 | 1988-04-08 | Hitachi Ltd | 電気機械変換素子 |
| JPH02141694A (ja) * | 1988-11-22 | 1990-05-31 | Ntn Corp | 微小位置決め装置 |
| DE19923462C1 (de) * | 1999-04-20 | 2000-11-16 | Physik Instr Pi Gmbh & Co | Positioniervorrichtung |
| US6215224B1 (en) * | 1997-12-12 | 2001-04-10 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Control device for vibration type actuator |
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| JPH0710174B2 (ja) * | 1989-05-29 | 1995-02-01 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Pwmコンバータ装置 |
| US5268621A (en) * | 1992-09-29 | 1993-12-07 | Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation | Digital controller for inchworm piezoelectric translator |
| US5361014A (en) * | 1993-11-10 | 1994-11-01 | Caterpillar Inc. | Apparatus for driving a piezoelectric actuator |
| JP3484583B2 (ja) * | 1995-03-30 | 2004-01-06 | 太平洋セメント株式会社 | 精密位置決め制御方法 |
| JP2000082244A (ja) | 1998-09-04 | 2000-03-21 | Canon Inc | 2平面を平行制御する情報処理装置、および情報処理方法 |
| JP2000207027A (ja) * | 1999-01-19 | 2000-07-28 | Nikon Corp | 位置決め装置および干渉測定装置 |
| US6388452B1 (en) | 2000-04-20 | 2002-05-14 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Device for sensing media thickness using capacitance measurements |
| SE0002884D0 (sv) * | 2000-08-11 | 2000-08-11 | Piezomotor Uppsala Ab | Switched actuator control |
| JP2005347484A (ja) * | 2004-06-02 | 2005-12-15 | Nano Control:Kk | 積層型圧電アクチュエータ素子、位置決め装置および位置決め方法 |
| US7203569B2 (en) * | 2004-08-31 | 2007-04-10 | General Electric Company | Machine tool control methods and designs for fabricating mesoscopic surface structures on substrates |
| WO2007022326A2 (en) | 2005-08-16 | 2007-02-22 | Infotonics Technology Center Inc. | Tunable light filter |
| US20090015268A1 (en) | 2007-07-13 | 2009-01-15 | Gardner Delrae H | Device and method for compensating a capacitive sensor measurement for variations caused by environmental conditions in a semiconductor processing environment |
| DE102007047716A1 (de) | 2007-10-05 | 2009-04-09 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Sensoreinrichtung zur kapazitiven Abstandsermittlung |
| US7786687B2 (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2010-08-31 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Apparatus and method for control of an active front steering (AFS) system |
| CN101574868B (zh) * | 2008-05-08 | 2012-01-25 | 金宝电子工业股份有限公司 | 喷墨头的定位方法 |
| JP5740879B2 (ja) * | 2009-09-18 | 2015-07-01 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 圧電アクチュエーター駆動回路 |
| CN102064732B (zh) * | 2010-11-17 | 2013-03-06 | 北京理工大学 | 一种压电陶瓷驱动电源及其控制方法 |
| KR101357848B1 (ko) * | 2012-04-17 | 2014-02-04 | 크루셜칩스 주식회사 | 차동위상 구동기 |
| KR20150077933A (ko) * | 2013-12-30 | 2015-07-08 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 피에조 구동 장치 및 방법 |
| KR20150134627A (ko) * | 2014-05-22 | 2015-12-02 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 피에조 액추에이터 구동 장치 및 그 구동 방법 |
-
2014
- 2014-11-27 DE DE102014224220.7A patent/DE102014224220A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2015
- 2015-11-24 WO PCT/EP2015/077449 patent/WO2016083345A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2015-11-24 KR KR1020177014111A patent/KR102584233B1/ko active Active
- 2015-11-24 CN CN201580064483.4A patent/CN107005178B/zh active Active
- 2015-11-24 JP JP2017528418A patent/JP6786488B2/ja active Active
-
2017
- 2017-05-30 US US15/608,397 patent/US10128429B2/en active Active
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6378582A (ja) * | 1986-09-22 | 1988-04-08 | Hitachi Ltd | 電気機械変換素子 |
| JPH02141694A (ja) * | 1988-11-22 | 1990-05-31 | Ntn Corp | 微小位置決め装置 |
| US6215224B1 (en) * | 1997-12-12 | 2001-04-10 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Control device for vibration type actuator |
| DE19923462C1 (de) * | 1999-04-20 | 2000-11-16 | Physik Instr Pi Gmbh & Co | Positioniervorrichtung |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20170088350A (ko) | 2017-08-01 |
| CN107005178A (zh) | 2017-08-01 |
| KR102584233B1 (ko) | 2023-10-04 |
| JP2017539020A (ja) | 2017-12-28 |
| US10128429B2 (en) | 2018-11-13 |
| DE102014224220A1 (de) | 2016-06-02 |
| US20170263843A1 (en) | 2017-09-14 |
| CN107005178B (zh) | 2019-09-06 |
| JP6786488B2 (ja) | 2020-11-18 |
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