WO2016082069A1 - 数据传输的方法、基站和站点 - Google Patents

数据传输的方法、基站和站点 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016082069A1
WO2016082069A1 PCT/CN2014/092018 CN2014092018W WO2016082069A1 WO 2016082069 A1 WO2016082069 A1 WO 2016082069A1 CN 2014092018 W CN2014092018 W CN 2014092018W WO 2016082069 A1 WO2016082069 A1 WO 2016082069A1
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Prior art keywords
time
base station
channel
moment
unlicensed spectrum
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PCT/CN2014/092018
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
庞继勇
罗俊
马驰翔
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2014/092018 priority Critical patent/WO2016082069A1/zh
Publication of WO2016082069A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016082069A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications and, more particularly, to methods, base stations and stations for data transmission.
  • Wireless communication requires the use of frequency resources. When operators purchase the right to use the frequency, they can legally use these spectrums to deploy wireless communication networks. Other individuals and organizations cannot use these spectrums for wireless communication. Such spectrum is called licensed spectrum.
  • the frequency resources purchased by operators are increasingly strained. Since the spectrum resources are not reproducible, the increasingly expensive resource usage fee prompts the operators to develop unlicensed spectrum, that is, to construct some cells by using unlicensed spectrum, use lower power for transmission, and divide a part of wireless communication traffic at a lower cost to To achieve the purpose of improving user communication speed and improving user experience.
  • the use of unlicensed spectrum to form some cells in a mobile cellular system requires compliance with the channel contention mechanism of the unlicensed spectrum.
  • WiFi Wireless Fidelity
  • the basic rule of unlicensed spectrum channel competition is that the channel will be used to compete for the right to use when it detects that the channel remains idle for a certain period of time.
  • a random backoff mechanism is also introduced to reduce the possibility that multiple sites compete for channel usage rights at the same time.
  • the station competing for the channel usage right can also perform the two-way handshake through the request to send/clear to send (RTS/CTS, Request to Send/Clear to Send) mechanism before starting to transmit data, so that the sender and the receiving end are received around the site.
  • the other stations of the RTS/CTS signal remain silent during this transmission, thereby maximizing the reliable transmission of the communication link.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a data transmission method, a base station, and a station, which can improve opportunities for a cellular system base station to compete and use an unlicensed spectrum channel, thereby improving system capacity and user experience of the mobile cellular system.
  • a data transmission method including: when a channel reservation condition is met, a base station sends a channel reservation notification at a first moment, where the channel reservation notification is used to indicate that the base station is at a second moment Beginning to occupy an unlicensed spectrum channel, the second time is later than the first time; the base station starts data transmission through the unlicensed spectrum channel at the second time.
  • the channel reservation notification carries duration information of a reserved period and the second moment.
  • the method before the base station sends the channel reservation notification at the first moment, the method further includes: determining duration information of the reserved period, where the pre- a period of time between the first time and a third time when the base station completes the data transmission; determining, according to a subframe timing of the base station, a next subframe of the subframe in which the first time is located The start time is the second time; the channel reservation notification is generated according to the duration information of the reserved period and the second time, so that the station that receives the channel reservation notification is based on the current The network configuration vector NAV contends for the unlicensed spectrum channel between the first time and the second time, and is in a back-off state after the second time.
  • the channel reservation notification carries duration information of the time period between the first time and the second time or the The second moment.
  • the base station before the sending, by the base station, the channel reservation notification, the base station further includes: determining, according to a subframe timing of the base station, The start time of the next subframe of the subframe in which the first time is located is the second time; according to the second time, the channel reservation notification is generated, so that the site that receives the channel reservation notification is generated Determining the unlicensed spectrum channel between the first time and the second time according to a current network configuration vector NAV of the station, and being in a back-off state after the second time state.
  • the channel reservation notification further carries address information of the base station, where the address information of the base station is used to indicate the channel
  • the reservation notification originates from the base station of the cellular system.
  • the channel reservation condition includes: detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle, and the unlicensed spectrum after random backoff The channel is still idle.
  • a second aspect provides a data transmission method, including: receiving, by a station, a channel reservation notification sent by a base station by using an unlicensed spectrum channel at a first moment, where the channel reservation notification is used to indicate that the base station is at a second moment Starting to occupy the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission, the second time is later than the first time; the station determines that the second time is a start time reserved for the channel.
  • the channel reservation notification carries duration information of a reserved period and the second moment, where the second moment is that the base station according to the The start time of the next subframe of the subframe in which the first time is determined by the subframe timing of the base station, and the duration information of the reserved period is the first time and the base station complete the data transmission. Duration information between three moments.
  • the channel reservation notification carries duration information of the time period between the first time and the second time or the a second time, where the second time is a start time of a next subframe of the subframe in which the first time is determined by the base station according to a subframe timing of the base station.
  • the method further includes: according to the channel reservation notification And the current network configuration vector NAV of the station competes for the unlicensed spectrum channel between the first moment and the second moment; and is in a backoff state after the second moment, so that the base station is in the After the second moment, the unlicensed spectrum channel is occupied to perform the data transmission.
  • the determining, according to the channel reservation information, the current network configuration vector NAV of the station, at the first moment Competing for the unlicensed spectrum channel between the second time comprising: competing for the unlicensed spectrum channel when the NAV timer of the station returns to 0 between the first time and the second time; Data transmission through the unlicensed spectrum channel, and at the second moment The unlicensed spectrum channel is released before, that is, in a back-off state.
  • the channel reservation information further carries address information of the base station, where the address information of the base station is used to indicate the channel
  • the reservation information is derived from the base station of the cellular system.
  • the third aspect provides a base station, including: a sending unit, configured to send a channel reservation notification at a first moment when the channel reservation condition is met, where the channel reservation notification is used to indicate that the base station is in the second The second time is later than the first time; the transmitting unit is configured to start data transmission through the unlicensed spectrum channel at the second time.
  • the channel reservation notification carries duration information of the reserved period and the second moment.
  • the base station further includes a determining unit and a generating unit, where the determining unit is configured to: determine duration information of a reserved period, a reserved period is a period between the first moment and a third moment when the base station completes the data transmission; determining, according to a subframe timing of the base station, a next subframe of the subframe where the first moment is located The generating time is the second time; the generating unit is configured to generate the channel reservation notification according to the duration information of the reserved period and the second time, so that the channel reservation is received The notified station contends the unlicensed spectrum channel between the first time and the second time according to the current network configuration vector NAV of the station, and is in a back-off state after the second time.
  • the channel reservation notification carries duration information of the time period between the first time and the second time or the The second moment.
  • the base station further includes a determining unit and a generating unit, where the determining unit is configured to determine, according to a subframe timing of the base station, The starting time of the next subframe of the subframe in which the first time is located is the second time; the generating unit is configured to generate the channel reservation notification according to the second time, so that the receiving is received The station of the channel reservation notification contends the unlicensed spectrum channel between the first time and the second time according to the current network configuration vector NAV of the station, and is backed off after the second time status.
  • the channel reservation notification further carries address information of the base station, where address information of the base station is used
  • the channel reservation notification is indicated to originate from a base station of the cellular system.
  • the channel reservation condition includes: detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle, and the unlicensed spectrum after random backoff The channel is still idle.
  • a fourth aspect provides a station, including: a receiving unit, configured to receive, by using an unlicensed spectrum channel, a channel reservation notification sent by a base station at a first moment, where the channel reservation notification is used to indicate that the base station is in a second The second time is later than the first time; the determining unit is configured to determine that the second time is a start time reserved for the channel.
  • the channel reservation notification carries duration information of a reserved period and the second moment, where the second moment is that the base station according to the The start time of the next subframe of the subframe in which the first time is determined by the subframe timing of the base station, and the duration information of the reserved period is the first time and the base station complete the data transmission. Duration information between three moments.
  • the channel reservation notification carries duration information of the time period between the first time and the second time or the a second time, where the second time is a start time of a next subframe of the subframe in which the first time is determined by the base station according to a subframe timing of the base station.
  • the station includes a channel contention unit and a backoff unit, where the channel contention unit is configured to reserve a notification and a location according to the channel
  • the current network configuration vector NAV of the site competes for the unlicensed spectrum channel between the first time and the second time; the backoff unit is configured to make the station fall back after the second time a state, so that the base station occupies the unlicensed spectrum channel after the second moment to perform the data transmission.
  • the station further includes a data transmission unit, where the channel competition unit is specifically configured to: at the first moment and the first Between the two moments, when the NAV timer of the station returns to 0, the unlicensed spectrum channel is contending; the data transmission unit is configured to perform data transmission through the unlicensed spectrum channel, and in the second The unlicensed spectrum channel is released before the moment, that is, in the back-off state.
  • the channel competition unit is specifically configured to: at the first moment and the first Between the two moments, when the NAV timer of the station returns to 0, the unlicensed spectrum channel is contending; the data transmission unit is configured to perform data transmission through the unlicensed spectrum channel, and in the second The unlicensed spectrum channel is released before the moment, that is, in the back-off state.
  • the channel reservation information further carries address information of the base station, where address information of the base station is used
  • the channel reservation information is indicated to originate from a base station of the cellular system.
  • the base station in the embodiment of the present invention When detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle, the base station in the embodiment of the present invention generates and sends channel reservation information, so that the station that receives the channel reservation information is guaranteed to be retired when the base station occupies the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission.
  • the state thereby enabling mobile base station base stations to compete and use unlicensed spectrum channels, increasing the system capacity and user experience of the mobile cellular system.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of data transmission in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of data transmission in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method of data transmission in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method of data transmission in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic illustration of subframe timing in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic block diagram of a base station in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of a station in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a base station according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of a station in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • GSM Global System of Mobile Communication
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
  • GPRS General Packet Radio Service
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • WLAN Wireless Local Area Network
  • Wi-Fi Wireless Fidelity
  • the base station in the embodiment of the present invention may be a base station (BTS, Base Transceiver Station) in GSM or CDMA, or a base station (NodeB) in WCDMA, or an evolved base station (eNB or e-NodeB in LTE).
  • BTS Base Transceiver Station
  • NodeB base station
  • eNB evolved base station
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • the base station in the embodiment of the present invention may be a base station that supports both an unlicensed spectrum and a licensed spectrum, or a base station that only supports an unlicensed spectrum.
  • the base station supporting both the unlicensed spectrum and the licensed spectrum can simultaneously control the unlicensed spectrum cell and the authorized spectrum cell (ie, the unlicensed spectrum cell and the authorized spectrum cell co-site).
  • the UE there are a plurality of cells that can provide services for the UE, wherein one cell is used as a primary cell (PCell), and the other cells are used as a secondary cell (SCell).
  • PCell primary cell
  • SCell secondary cell
  • the serving base station of the UE allocates one or more cells to the UE, one of which grants the spectrum cell as the PCell of the UE, and the remaining cells serve as the SCell, and the SCell may be the authorized spectrum cell or the unlicensed spectrum cell.
  • the station in the embodiment of the present invention may be a user station (STA, Station) in a WLAN, and the user station may also be referred to as a system, a subscriber unit, an access terminal, a mobile station, a mobile station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, and a user terminal. , a terminal, a wireless communication device, a user agent, a user device, or a UE (User Equipment).
  • the STA may be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) phone, a WLL (Wireless Local Loop) station, a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), and a wireless local area network (A handheld device such as a Wi-Fi) communication function, a computing device, or other processing device connected to a wireless modem.
  • SIP Session Initiation Protocol
  • WLL Wireless Local Loop
  • PDA Personal Digital Assistant
  • a handheld device such as a Wi-Fi communication function
  • computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem.
  • the station may also be an access point (AP, Access Point) in the WLAN, and the access point may be used to communicate with the access terminal through the wireless local area network, and transmit the data of the access terminal to the network side, or from the network side. The data is transmitted to the access terminal.
  • AP Access Point
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of data transmission in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method of Figure 1 can be performed by a base station supporting an unlicensed spectrum.
  • the base station sends a channel reservation notification at a first moment, where the channel reservation notification is used to indicate that the base station starts to occupy the unlicensed spectrum channel at the second moment, and the second moment is late. At the first moment.
  • the base station starts data transmission through the unlicensed spectrum channel at the second moment.
  • the base station in the embodiment of the present invention When detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle, the base station in the embodiment of the present invention generates and sends channel reservation information, so that the station that receives the channel reservation information is guaranteed to be retired when the base station occupies the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission. Status, thereby increasing the chances of cellular system base stations competing and using unlicensed spectrum channels, increasing user communication rates and user experience.
  • the channel reservation notification carries the duration information of the reserved period and the second moment.
  • the method before the base station sends the channel reservation notification at the first moment, the method further includes: determining duration information of the reserved period, where the reserved period is between the first moment and the third moment when the base station completes data transmission. And determining, according to the subframe timing of the base station, a start time of the next subframe of the subframe in which the first time is located as the second time; generating a channel reservation notification according to the duration information of the reserved time period and the second time, so that The station receiving the channel reservation notification contends for the unlicensed spectrum channel between the first time and the second time according to the current network configuration vector NAV of the station, and is in the back-off state after the second time.
  • the channel reservation notification carries duration information or a second time period of the time period between the first time and the second time.
  • the base station before the sending, by the base station, the channel reservation notification, the base station further includes: determining, according to the subframe timing of the base station, a start time of the next subframe of the subframe where the first time is located is the second At the second moment, generating a channel reservation notification, so that the station receiving the channel reservation notification contends the unlicensed spectrum channel between the first time and the second time according to the current network configuration vector NAV of the station, and After two moments, it is in a retreat state.
  • the channel reservation notification further carries address information of the base station, where the address information of the base station is used to indicate that the channel reservation notification is originated from a base station of the cellular system.
  • the channel reservation condition includes: detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle, and the unlicensed spectrum channel is still idle after the random backoff.
  • the base station in the embodiment of the present invention When detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle, the base station in the embodiment of the present invention generates and sends channel reservation information, so that the station that receives the channel reservation information is guaranteed to be retired when the base station occupies the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission. Status, thereby increasing the chances of cellular system base stations competing and using unlicensed spectrum channels, increasing user communication rates and user experience. Moreover, through the channel reservation information, the receiving station can know that the base station actually occupies the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission. The previous reserved period, so that the channel usage right can be contending in the reserved period, the spectrum utilization rate can be improved, thereby reducing the impact of the base station competing for the unlicensed spectrum channel on the WLAN system.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of data transmission in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method of Figure 2 can be performed by a station (STA/AP) in a WiFi system or a base station supporting an unlicensed spectrum.
  • the station receives the channel reservation notification sent by the base station by using the unlicensed spectrum channel at the first moment.
  • the channel reservation notification is used to indicate that the base station starts to occupy the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission at the second moment, and the second moment is later than the first. time.
  • the station determines a starting moment that the second moment is reserved for the channel.
  • the base station in the embodiment of the present invention When detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle, the base station in the embodiment of the present invention generates and sends channel reservation information, so that the station that receives the channel reservation information is guaranteed to be retired when the base station occupies the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission. Status, thereby increasing the chances of cellular system base stations competing and using unlicensed spectrum channels, increasing user communication rates and user experience.
  • the channel reservation notification carries the duration information of the reserved period and the second time, where the second time is the next subframe of the subframe where the first time determined by the base station according to the subframe timing of the base station
  • the starting time the duration information of the reserved period is the duration information between the first moment and the third moment when the base station completes the data transmission.
  • the channel reservation notification carries the duration information or the second time of the time period between the first time and the second time, where the second time is the first time determined by the base station according to the subframe timing of the base station. The start time of the next subframe in which the subframe is located.
  • the method further includes: competing between the first moment and the second moment according to the channel reservation notification and the current network configuration vector NAV of the station.
  • the unlicensed spectrum channel is in a back-off state after the second time, so that the base station occupies the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission after the second time.
  • the unlicensed spectrum channel is competed between the first time and the second time according to the channel reservation information and the current network configuration vector NAV of the station, including: between the first time and the second time When the NAV timer of the station returns to 0, the unlicensed spectrum channel is contending; the data transmission is performed through the unlicensed spectrum channel, and the unlicensed spectrum channel is released before the second time, that is, in the back-off state.
  • the channel reservation information further carries address information of the base station, where the address information of the base station is used to indicate that the channel reservation information is originated from a base station of the cellular system.
  • the base station in the embodiment of the present invention generates and transmits a channel when detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle.
  • the information is reserved, so that the station that receives the channel reservation information is guaranteed to be in a back-off state when the base station occupies the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission, thereby improving the chance of the cellular system base station competing and using the unlicensed spectrum channel, thereby improving the user. Communication rate and user experience.
  • the receiving station can learn the reserved period before the base station actually occupies the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission, so that the channel usage right can be competed in the reserved period, thereby improving spectrum utilization and thereby reducing The impact of the base station competing for the unlicensed spectrum channel on the WLAN system.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method of data transmission in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method of Figure 3 can be performed by a base station supporting an unlicensed spectrum.
  • the base station generates channel reservation information when detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle.
  • the base station sends channel reservation information at a first moment, where the channel reservation information is used to indicate that the base station occupies the unlicensed spectrum channel from the second moment, so that the station that receives the channel reservation information is in the backoff state after the second moment.
  • the second moment is later than the first moment.
  • the base station performs data transmission on the unlicensed spectrum channel at the second moment.
  • the base station in the embodiment of the present invention When detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle, the base station in the embodiment of the present invention generates and sends channel reservation information, so that the station that receives the channel reservation information is guaranteed to be retired when the base station occupies the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission. Status, thereby increasing the chances of cellular system base stations competing and using unlicensed spectrum channels, increasing user communication rates and user experience.
  • the base station When the base station needs to compete for the unlicensed spectrum channel resources, the base station needs to follow the spectrum etiquette of the wireless local area network system to monitor the unlicensed spectrum channel. When detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle and the channel remains idle for a certain period of time, the base station competes. The right to use the channel. In order to avoid data collision between the base station and other base stations and WiFi stations competing for unlicensed spectrum channels, the data transmission fails, and the carrier sense multiple access/collision avoidance (CSMA) followed by the 802.11 protocol (CSMA) /CA, Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance) The shared channel contention mechanism can also be applied to base stations that compete for unlicensed spectrum channels.
  • CSMA carrier sense multiple access/collision avoidance
  • CSMA 802.11 protocol
  • CA Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance
  • the base station first uses the carrier sense technique to determine whether the unlicensed spectrum channel is "idle state" or "busy state.” If it is idle, a random number N is generated, and then N slots are counted down; if it is busy, it remains silent. When the base station counts down the N time slot units, if the channel is still idle, a subsequent contention process is initiated.
  • the channel reservation information includes a first field that carries duration information between the first time and the second time
  • generating channel reservation information includes: determining, according to the subframe timing of the base station, the first The start time of the next subframe of the subframe in which the time is located is the second moment; the first moment The duration information between the second time and the second time is written into the first field in the channel reservation information, so that the station receiving the channel reservation information is between the first time and the second time according to the current network configuration vector NAV of the station. Competing for the unlicensed spectrum channel.
  • the base station generates channel reservation information when detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle.
  • the channel reservation information is used to notify other stations in the vicinity of the base station that the channel reservation information is received, and the base station will start occupying the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission at the second moment.
  • the time at which the base station transmits the channel reservation information may be determined as the first time, that is, the unlicensed spectrum channel may still be contented and used during the time period between the first time and the second time.
  • the specific process for the base station to generate the channel reservation information may include: first, the base station determines, according to its subframe timing, the subframe in which the current time is located, and determines that the start time of the next subframe of the subframe is the second moment, that is, determining The moment when the base station can actually start occupying the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission. Second, the base station can determine the time duration between the time (first time) at which the channel reservation information is transmitted and the second time. The length information of the time period may be carried by a certain field (for example, the first field) in the channel reservation information.
  • the time at which the station around the base station receives the channel reservation information can be considered to be the first moment.
  • the receiving station parses the channel reservation information, and reads the duration of the first field, so that the timer can be updated according to the duration, so that the station is guaranteed to be in the back-off state after the second time.
  • the guaranteed backoff state after the second time may include two situations: 1. If the station successfully competes for the use right of the unlicensed spectrum channel in the time period between the first time and the second time, it needs to be guaranteed. Complete the data transmission before the second time and release the channel; 2.
  • the station does not compete for the unlicensed spectrum channel within the time period between the first time and the second time, then maintain the back-off state after the second time And continue to listen to the unlicensed spectrum channel to continue to initiate contention after the base station completes the data transmission to release the new arrival.
  • the channel reservation information may be information in an existing protocol, or may be pre-agreed dedicated information, which is not limited by the present invention.
  • the base station may employ a mechanism such as RTS/CTS for channel reservation.
  • the duration/ID field in the RTS/CTS message may be used as the first field to carry the duration information of the time period from the first time to the second time.
  • the base station can use the reserved field in the Duration/ID field to indicate the above.
  • the reserved field is predefined at both the base station and the station as: the station can contend for channel usage rights within the duration of its bearer. For a station that cannot understand the reserved field, the channel usage right is not contending in the duration of the bearer. After the end of the time period, the station continues to be in the back-off state because the base station starts to perform data transmission.
  • the channel reservation information includes a first field that carries duration information between the first time and the third time, and generating channel reservation information, including: determining that the base station completes data transmission by using an unlicensed spectrum channel. a third moment; writing duration information between the first moment and the third moment into a first field in the channel reservation information, so that the station receiving the channel reservation information is between the first moment and the third moment In a retreating state.
  • the base station generates channel reservation information when detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle.
  • the base station may also fill in the first field in the channel reservation information with the duration from the base station competing to the channel usage right to the entire time period in which the data transmission is completed using the channel.
  • the time at which the base station completes its data transmission is set to be the third time.
  • the duration of the first field is the length of the time period from the first time to the third time.
  • the time at which the station around the base station receives the channel reservation information can be considered to be the first moment.
  • the receiving station parses the channel reservation information, and reads the duration of the first field, so that the timer can be updated according to the duration, so that the station is in the backoff state during the time period from the first time to the third time. .
  • the channel reservation information may be information in an existing protocol, or may be pre-agreed dedicated information, which is not limited by the present invention.
  • the base station may employ a mechanism such as RTS/CTS for channel reservation.
  • the duration/ID field in the RTS/CTS message may be used as the first field to carry the duration information of the time period from the first time to the third time.
  • the receiving station since the receiving station cannot know the information of the reserved time period, that is, the information of the time period between the first time and the second time, the channel reservation information cannot be received only.
  • the reserved time period is used to compete for the unlicensed spectrum channel.
  • another indication information may be further sent by the base station, and the time information between the second time or the first time to the second time is notified to the station, so that the station can initiate the competition within the reserved time period.
  • the method further includes: generating The indication information carrying the second time, or the duration information between the first time and the second time, wherein the second time is the start time of the next subframe of the subframe in which the first time is located; sending the indication information, so that The station receiving the indication information competes for the unlicensed spectrum channel between the first time and the second time according to the current network configuration vector NAV of the station, and is in the back-off state after the second time.
  • the receiving station knows the second time, or the duration information between the first time and the second time, it can be considered that the channel can be contending during the time period. Therefore, it is necessary to determine that the channel is idle by the detection, and determine that the current NAV is reset to 0, and it is also necessary to determine whether the time between the time when the NAV returns to 0 and the second time is sufficient for one transmission, and if the above conditions are satisfied, the channel can be used for data. Transmission, the data transmission is completed between the second time and the channel is released, and the retracted state is entered.
  • the channel reservation information further includes a second field that carries address information of the base station, where the second field is used to indicate that the channel reservation information is derived from a base station of the cellular system.
  • the channel reservation information generated by the base station may include a field for carrying the base station address information, in addition to the field containing the bearer duration in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the address information may be a unique address value of the cellular system so that other stations of the WLAN system can distinguish the base station transmitting the channel reservation information from the site of the WLAN. And in order to enable the station to identify the address information, the address information may be a unique address value conforming to the WLAN site address format. For example, address values not defined in the WLAN system can be utilized.
  • the base station in the embodiment of the present invention When detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle, the base station in the embodiment of the present invention generates and sends channel reservation information, so that the station that receives the channel reservation information is guaranteed to be retired when the base station occupies the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission. Status, thereby increasing the chances of cellular system base stations competing and using unlicensed spectrum channels, increasing user communication rates and user experience. Moreover, through the channel reservation information, the receiving station can learn the reserved period before the base station actually occupies the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission, so that the channel usage right can be competed in the reserved period, thereby improving spectrum utilization and thereby reducing The impact of the base station competing for the unlicensed spectrum channel on the WLAN system.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method of data transmission in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method of Figure 4 can be performed by a station (STA/AP) in a WiFi system or a base station supporting an unlicensed spectrum.
  • the station receives the channel reservation information sent by the base station by using the unlicensed spectrum channel at the first moment, where the channel reservation information is used to indicate that the base station occupies the unlicensed spectrum channel from the second moment, and the second moment is later than the first moment. .
  • the station competes for the unlicensed spectrum channel between the first time and the second time according to the channel reservation information and the current network configuration vector of the station.
  • the station is in a retreat state after the second moment.
  • the base station in the embodiment of the present invention When detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle, the base station in the embodiment of the present invention generates and sends channel reservation information, so that the station that receives the channel reservation information is guaranteed to be retired when the base station occupies the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission. Status, thereby increasing the chances of cellular system base stations competing and using unlicensed spectrum channels, increasing user communication rates and user experience.
  • the base station When the base station needs to compete for the unlicensed spectrum channel resources, the base station needs to follow the spectrum etiquette of the wireless local area network system to monitor the unlicensed spectrum channel. When detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle and the channel remains idle for a certain period of time, the base station competes. The right to use the channel. In order to avoid data collision between the base station and other base stations and WiFi stations competing for unlicensed spectrum channels, the data transmission fails, and the carrier sense multiple access/collision avoidance (CSMA) followed by the 802.11 protocol (CSMA) /CA, Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance) The shared channel contention mechanism can also be applied to base stations that compete for unlicensed spectrum channels.
  • CSMA carrier sense multiple access/collision avoidance
  • CSMA 802.11 protocol
  • CA Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance
  • the base station first uses the carrier sense technique to determine whether the unlicensed spectrum channel is "idle state" or "busy state.” If it is idle, a random number N is generated, and then N slots are counted down; if it is busy, it remains silent. When the base station counts down the N time slot units, if the channel is still idle, a subsequent contention process is initiated.
  • the channel reservation information includes a first field that carries duration information between the first time and the second time, where the second time is a first time determined by the base station according to the subframe timing of the base station. The start time of the next subframe of the subframe.
  • the base station generates channel reservation information when detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle.
  • the channel reservation information is used to notify other stations in the vicinity of the base station that the channel reservation information is received, and the base station will start occupying the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission at the second moment.
  • the time at which the base station transmits the channel reservation information may be determined as the first time, that is, the unlicensed spectrum channel may still be contented and used during the time period between the first time and the second time.
  • the specific process for the base station to generate the channel reservation information may include: first, the base station determines, according to its subframe timing, the subframe in which the current time is located, and determines that the start time of the next subframe of the subframe is the second moment, that is, determining The moment when the base station can actually start occupying the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission. Second, the base station can determine the time duration between the time (first time) at which the channel reservation information is transmitted and the second time. The length information of the time period may be carried by a certain field (for example, the first field) in the channel reservation information.
  • the channel reservation information may be information in an existing protocol or may be pre-agreed. The specific information is not limited by the present invention.
  • the base station may employ a mechanism such as RTS/CTS for channel reservation.
  • the duration/ID field in the RTS/CTS message may be used as the first field to carry the duration information of the time period from the first time to the second time.
  • the base station can use the reserved field in the Duration/ID field to indicate the duration information of the time period from the first time to the second time.
  • the reserved field is predefined at both the base station and the station as: the station can contend for channel usage rights within the duration of its bearer. For a station that cannot understand the reserved field, the channel usage right is not contending in the duration of the bearer. After the end of the time period, the station continues to be in the back-off state because the base station starts to perform data transmission.
  • the station competes for the unlicensed spectrum channel between the first time and the second time according to the channel reservation information and the current network configuration vector NAV of the station, including: at the first moment and the second moment In the meantime, when the NAV timer of the station is 0, the unlicensed spectrum channel is contending; the data transmission is performed through the unlicensed spectrum channel, and the unlicensed spectrum channel is released before the second time, that is, in the back-off state.
  • the time at which the station around the base station receives the channel reservation information can be considered to be the first moment.
  • the receiving station parses the channel reservation information, and reads the duration of the time period carried in the first field, and can consider that the channel can be contending in the time period. Therefore, it is necessary to determine that the channel is idle by the detection, and determine that the current NAV is reset to 0, and it is also necessary to determine whether the time between the time when the NAV returns to 0 and the second time is sufficient for one transmission, and if the above conditions are satisfied, the channel can be used for data. Transmission, the data transmission is completed between the second time and the channel is released, and the retracted state is entered.
  • the channel reservation information includes a first field that carries duration information between the first time and the third time, where the third time is a time when the base station occupies the unlicensed spectrum channel to complete the data transmission.
  • the base station generates channel reservation information when detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle.
  • the base station may also fill in the first field in the channel reservation information with the duration from the base station competing to the channel usage right to the entire time period in which the data transmission is completed using the channel.
  • the time at which the base station completes its data transmission is set to be the third time.
  • the duration of the first field is the length of the time period from the first time to the third time.
  • the time at which the station around the base station receives the channel reservation information can be considered to be the first moment.
  • the receiving station parses the channel reservation information, and reads the duration of the first field, so that the timer can be updated according to the duration, so that the station is in the backoff state during the time period from the first time to the third time. .
  • the channel reservation information may be information in an existing protocol, or may be pre-agreed dedicated information, which is not limited by the present invention.
  • the base station may employ a mechanism such as RTS/CTS for channel reservation.
  • the duration/ID field in the RTS/CTS message may be used as the first field to carry the duration information of the time period from the first time to the third time.
  • the channel reservation information further includes a second field that carries address information of the base station, where the second field is used to indicate that the channel reservation information is derived from a base station of the cellular system.
  • the channel reservation information generated by the base station may include a field for carrying the base station address information, in addition to the field containing the bearer duration in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the address information may be a unique address value of the cellular system so that other stations of the WLAN system can distinguish the base station transmitting the channel reservation information from the site of the WLAN. And in order to enable the station to identify the address information, the address information may be a unique address value conforming to the WLAN site address format. For example, address values not defined in the WLAN system can be utilized.
  • the method further includes: receiving, by the base station, the second time, or the duration between the first time and the second time
  • the indication information of the information where the second time is the start time of the next subframe of the subframe where the first time is determined by the base station according to the subframe timing of the base station; the station is based on the channel reservation information and the current network configuration vector NAV of the station Competing for the unlicensed spectrum channel between the first time and the second time, comprising: determining, according to the second field of the channel reservation information, the channel reservation information originating from the base station of the cellular system; according to the indication information, at the first moment and the second moment Between, when the NAV timer of the station returns to 0, the unlicensed spectrum channel is contending; the data transmission is performed through the unlicensed spectrum channel, and the unlicensed spectrum channel is released before the second time, that is, in the back-off state.
  • the station that receives the channel reservation information cannot obtain the information of the reserved time period, that is, the first The information of the time period from the moment to the second time, and thus the reserved time period cannot be used to compete for the unlicensed spectrum channel if only the channel reservation information is received.
  • another indication information may be further sent by the base station, and the time information between the second time or the first time to the second time is notified to the station, so that the station can initiate the competition within the reserved time period.
  • the receiving station knows the second time, or the duration information between the first time and the second time, it can be considered that the channel can be contending during the time period. Therefore, it is necessary to determine that the channel is idle by the detection, and determine that the current NAV is reset to 0, and it is also necessary to determine whether the time between the time when the NAV returns to 0 and the second time is sufficient for one transmission, and if the above conditions are satisfied, the channel can be used for data. Transmission, the data transmission is completed between the second time and the channel is released, and the retracted state is entered.
  • the base station in the embodiment of the present invention When detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle, the base station in the embodiment of the present invention generates and sends channel reservation information, so that the station that receives the channel reservation information is guaranteed to be retired when the base station occupies the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission. Status, thereby increasing the chances of cellular system base stations competing and using unlicensed spectrum channels, increasing user communication rates and user experience. Moreover, through the channel reservation information, the receiving station can learn the reserved period before the base station actually occupies the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission, so that the channel usage right can be competed in the reserved period, thereby improving spectrum utilization and thereby reducing The impact of the base station competing for the unlicensed spectrum channel on the WLAN system.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic illustration of subframe timing in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the base station detects that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle, random backoff for a period of time, and the base station generates channel reservation information, and transmits the channel reservation information at the first moment shown in the figure.
  • the first time (t1) corresponds to the current subframe, that is, the base station cannot use the contention of the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission from the first time (t1) to the start of the next subframe.
  • the base station sends the channel reservation information to notify other stations that the base station receives the channel reservation information, and the base station will start to occupy the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission at the second time (t2).
  • the base station may determine, according to its subframe timing, a starting time t2 of the next subframe of the current subframe, that is, a moment at which the base station can actually start occupying the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission. Then, the base station can determine the time duration between the time (first time) at which the channel reservation information is transmitted and the second time.
  • the length information of the time period may be carried by a certain field (for example, the first field) in the channel reservation information.
  • the channel reservation information may be information in an existing protocol or may be pre-agreed. The specific information is not limited by the present invention.
  • the base station may employ a mechanism such as RTS/CTS for channel reservation.
  • the duration/ID field in the RTS/CTS message may be used as the first field to carry the duration information of the time period from the first time to the second time.
  • the Duration/ID field can be as shown in Table 1:
  • the base station can use the reserved field in the Duration/ID field to indicate the duration information of the time period from the first time to the second time.
  • the 15th bit (Bit 14) is 0, the 16th bit (Bit 15) is 1, and the first 14 bits are used to indicate the duration of the time period from the first time to the second time.
  • the reserved field is predefined at both the base station and the station (site 1 shown in Figure 3) as: the station can contend for channel usage rights within the duration of its bearer. For a station that cannot understand the reserved field (Site 2 shown in FIG. 3), the channel usage right is not contending within the duration of the bearer by default, and after the end of the time period, since the base station starts data transmission, the station If the channel is detected to be busy, it will continue to be in the back-off state.
  • station 1 since it can contend for channel usage rights within the reserved period, station 1 can determine that the channel is idle by detecting, and determine that the current NAV is zero, and also needs to determine the time when the NAV returns to 0 to the second time. Whether the duration is sufficient for one transmission, if the above conditions are satisfied, the channel can be used for data transmission, and the data transmission is completed and the channel is released between the second moments, and the retracted state is entered.
  • the time period from the first time to the third time is in a back-off state.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of a base station in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the base station 60 shown in FIG. 6 includes a generating unit 61, a transmitting unit 62, and a data transmitting unit 63.
  • the generating unit 61 generates channel reservation information when detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle; the transmitting unit 62 transmits channel reservation information at the first moment, and the channel reservation information is used to indicate that the base station starts to occupy the unlicensed spectrum channel from the second moment. So that the station that receives the channel reservation information is in a back-off state after the second time, and the second time is later than the first time.
  • the data transmission unit 63 performs data transmission through the unlicensed spectrum channel at the second moment.
  • the base station 60 of the embodiment of the present invention When detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle, the base station 60 of the embodiment of the present invention generates and transmits channel reservation information, so that the station that receives the channel reservation information ensures that the base station 60 occupies the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission. In the back-off state, the opportunity for the cellular system base station 60 to compete and use the unlicensed spectrum channel can be improved, and the user communication rate and user experience can be improved.
  • the base station 60 When the base station 60 needs to compete for unlicensed spectrum channel resources, it needs to follow the spectrum etiquette of the wireless local area network system to monitor the unlicensed spectrum channel, and after detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle and the channel remains idle for a certain period of time, the competition is performed. The right to use this channel. In order to avoid data collision between the base station 60 and other base stations 60 and WiFi stations competing for unlicensed spectrum channels, the data transmission fails, and the carrier sense multiple access/collision avoidance followed by the 802.11 protocol is avoided.
  • the shared channel contention mechanism (CSMA/CA, Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance) can also be applied to the base station 60 competing for the unlicensed spectrum channel.
  • CSMA/CA Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance
  • the base station 60 first uses the carrier sense technique to determine whether the unlicensed spectrum channel is "idle state" or "busy state.” If it is idle, a random number N is generated, and then N slots are counted down; if it is busy, it remains silent. When the base station 60 counts down the N time slot units, if the channel is still idle, a subsequent contention process is initiated.
  • the channel reservation information includes a first field that carries duration information between the first time and the second time
  • the generating unit 61 is specifically configured to: determine, according to the subframe timing of the base station 60, the first The start time of the next subframe of the subframe in which the time is located is the second time; the duration information between the first time and the second time is written into the first field in the channel reservation information, so as to receive the channel reservation The site of the information competes for the unlicensed spectrum channel between the first time and the second time according to the current network configuration vector NAV of the station.
  • the base station 60 generates channel reservation information when it detects that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle.
  • the channel reservation information is used to notify other stations in the vicinity of the base station 60 that the channel reservation information is received, and the base station 60 will start to occupy the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission at the second moment.
  • Base station 60 sends The time at which the channel reserves information can be determined as the first time, that is, the unlicensed spectrum channel can still be contending and used during the time period between the first time and the second time.
  • the specific process of the base station 60 for generating the channel reservation information may include: first, the base station 60 determines the subframe in which the current time is located according to the subframe timing, and determines that the start time of the next subframe of the subframe is the second time. That is, the time at which the base station 60 can actually start occupying the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission is determined. Second, the base station 60 can determine the time duration between the time (first time) at which the channel reservation information is transmitted and the second time. The length information of the time period may be carried by a certain field (for example, the first field) in the channel reservation information.
  • the time at which the station around the base station 60 receives the channel reservation information can be considered to be the first time.
  • the receiving station parses the channel reservation information, and reads the duration of the first field, so that the timer can be updated according to the duration, so that the station is guaranteed to be in the back-off state after the second time.
  • the guaranteed backoff state after the second time may include two situations: 1. If the station successfully competes for the use right of the unlicensed spectrum channel in the time period between the first time and the second time, it needs to be guaranteed. Complete the data transmission before the second time and release the channel; 2.
  • the station does not compete for the unlicensed spectrum channel within the time period between the first time and the second time, then maintain the back-off state after the second time And continue to listen to the unlicensed spectrum channel to continue to initiate contention after the base station 60 completes the data transmission to release the new arrival.
  • the channel reservation information may be information in an existing protocol, or may be pre-agreed dedicated information, which is not limited by the present invention.
  • the base station 60 may employ a mechanism such as RTS/CTS for channel reservation.
  • the duration/ID field in the RTS/CTS message may be used as the first field to carry the duration information of the time period from the first time to the second time.
  • the base station 60 can use the reserved field in the Duration/ID field to indicate the duration information of the time period from the first time to the second time.
  • the reserved field is predefined at both the base station 60 and the station as: the station can contend for channel usage rights within the duration of its bearer. For a station that cannot understand the reserved field, it does not contend for the channel usage right within the duration of the bearer, and after the end of the time period, since the base station 60 starts data transmission, the station continues to be in the back-off state when the channel is detected to be busy. .
  • the channel reservation information includes carrying the first moment and the third moment.
  • the first field of the duration information, the generating unit 61 is specifically configured to: determine a third time when the base station 60 completes data transmission through the unlicensed spectrum channel; and write time duration information between the first time and the third time to the channel pre- The first field in the information is reserved, so that the station that receives the channel reservation information is in a back-off state between the first time and the third time.
  • the base station 60 generates channel reservation information when it detects that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle. Unlike the foregoing embodiment, the base station 60 may also fill in the first field in the channel reservation information for the duration of time from the base station 60 competing to the channel usage right to the entire time period in which the data transmission is completed using the channel. The time at which the base station 60 completes its data transmission is set to be the third time. Then, the duration of the first field is the length of the time period from the first time to the third time.
  • the time at which the station around the base station 60 receives the channel reservation information can be considered to be the first time.
  • the receiving station parses the channel reservation information, and reads the duration of the first field, so that the timer can be updated according to the duration, so that the station is in the backoff state during the time period from the first time to the third time. .
  • the channel reservation information may be information in an existing protocol, or may be pre-agreed dedicated information, which is not limited by the present invention.
  • the base station 60 may employ a mechanism such as RTS/CTS for channel reservation.
  • the duration/ID field in the RTS/CTS message may be used as the first field to carry the duration information of the time period from the first time to the third time.
  • the receiving station since the receiving station cannot know the information of the reserved time period, that is, the information of the time period between the first time and the second time, the channel reservation information cannot be received only.
  • the reserved time period is used to compete for the unlicensed spectrum channel.
  • another indication information may be further sent by the base station 60 to notify the station of the duration information between the second time or the first time to the second time, so that the station can initiate the competition within the reserved time period.
  • the generating unit 61 is further configured to: generate indication information that carries the second time, or the duration information between the first time and the second time, where The second time is the start time of the next subframe of the subframe in which the first time is located; sending the indication information, so that the station receiving the indication information is between the first time and the second time according to the current network configuration vector NAV of the station Competing for unlicensed spectrum channels and in a back-off state after the second time.
  • the receiving station knows the second time, or the duration information between the first time and the second time, it can be considered that the channel can be contending during the time period. Therefore, it is necessary to determine that the channel is idle by the detection, and determine that the current NAV is reset to 0, and it is also necessary to determine whether the time between the time when the NAV returns to 0 and the second time is sufficient for one transmission, and if the above conditions are satisfied, the channel can be used for data. Transmission, the data transmission is completed between the second time and the channel is released, and the retracted state is entered.
  • the channel reservation information further includes a second field that carries the address information of the base station 60, where the second field is used to indicate that the channel reservation information is derived from the base station 60 of the cellular system.
  • the channel reservation information generated by the base station 60 may include a field for carrying the address information of the base station 60 in addition to the field containing the bearer duration in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the address information may be a unique address value of the cellular system so that other stations of the WLAN system can distinguish the base station 60 that transmitted the channel reservation information from the site of the WLAN. And in order to enable the station to identify the address information, the address information may be a unique address value conforming to the WLAN site address format. For example, address values not defined in the WLAN system can be utilized.
  • the base station 60 of the embodiment of the present invention When detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle, the base station 60 of the embodiment of the present invention generates and transmits channel reservation information, so that the station that receives the channel reservation information ensures that the base station 60 occupies the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission. In the back-off state, the opportunity for the cellular system base station 60 to compete and use the unlicensed spectrum channel can be improved, and the user communication rate and user experience can be improved. Moreover, through the channel reservation information, the receiving station can learn the reserved period before the base station 60 actually occupies the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission, so that the channel usage right can be competed in the reserved period, thereby improving spectrum utilization, thereby The impact of the base station 60 competing for the unlicensed spectrum channel on the WLAN system is reduced.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of a station in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the station 70 shown in FIG. 7 may be a station (STA/AP) in a WiFi system or a base station supporting an unlicensed spectrum, and the station 70 includes a receiving unit 71, a channel contention unit 72, and a backoff unit 73.
  • STA/AP station
  • the station 70 includes a receiving unit 71, a channel contention unit 72, and a backoff unit 73.
  • the receiving unit 71 receives, by using the unlicensed spectrum channel, the channel reservation information sent by the base station, where the channel reservation information is used to indicate that the base station occupies the unlicensed spectrum channel from the second moment, and the second moment is later than the first moment;
  • the channel contention unit 72 contends for the unlicensed spectrum channel between the first time and the second time according to the channel reservation information and the current network configuration vector NAV of the station 70;
  • the backoff unit 73 causes the station 70 to be in the back-off state after the second time.
  • the base station in the embodiment of the present invention generates and transmits a channel when detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle.
  • the information is reserved such that the station 70 that receives the channel reservation information is guaranteed to be in a back-off state when the base station occupies the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission, thereby improving the chance of the cellular system base station competing and using the unlicensed spectrum channel, thereby improving User communication rate and user experience.
  • the base station When the base station needs to compete for the unlicensed spectrum channel resources, the base station needs to follow the spectrum etiquette of the wireless local area network system to monitor the unlicensed spectrum channel. When detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle and the channel remains idle for a certain period of time, the base station competes. The right to use the channel. In order to avoid data collision between the base station and other base stations and the WiFi station 70 competing for the unlicensed spectrum channel, the data transmission fails, and the carrier sense multi-point access/collision avoidance followed by the 802.11 protocol ( The shared channel contention mechanism of CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance) can also be applied to base stations that compete for unlicensed spectrum channels.
  • CSMA/CA Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance
  • the base station first uses the carrier sense technique to determine whether the unlicensed spectrum channel is "idle state" or "busy state.” If it is idle, a random number N is generated, and then N slots are counted down; if it is busy, it remains silent. When the base station counts down the N time slot units, if the channel is still idle, a subsequent contention process is initiated.
  • the channel reservation information includes a first field that carries duration information between the first time and the second time, where the second time is a first time determined by the base station according to the subframe timing of the base station. The start time of the next subframe of the subframe.
  • the base station generates channel reservation information when detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle.
  • the channel reservation information is used to notify the station 70 that the channel reservation information is received by the base station, and the base station will start to occupy the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission at the second moment.
  • the time at which the base station transmits the channel reservation information may be determined as the first time, that is, the unlicensed spectrum channel may still be contented and used during the time period between the first time and the second time.
  • the specific process for the base station to generate the channel reservation information may include: first, the base station determines, according to its subframe timing, the subframe in which the current time is located, and determines that the start time of the next subframe of the subframe is the second moment, that is, determining The moment when the base station can actually start occupying the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission. Second, the base station can determine the time duration between the time (first time) at which the channel reservation information is transmitted and the second time. The length information of the time period may be carried by a certain field (for example, the first field) in the channel reservation information.
  • the channel reservation information may be information in an existing protocol, or may be pre-agreed dedicated information, which is not limited by the present invention.
  • the station 70 in the system identifies the channel reservation information with minimal changes, and the base station can employ a mechanism such as RTS/CTS for channel reservation.
  • the duration/ID field in the RTS/CTS message may be used as the first field to carry the duration information of the time period from the first time to the second time.
  • the base station can use the reserved field in the Duration/ID field to indicate the duration information of the time period from the first time to the second time.
  • the reserved field is predefined at both the base station and the station 70 as: the station 70 can contend for channel usage rights during the duration of its bearer. For the station 70 that cannot understand the reserved field, the channel usage right is not commended within the duration of the bearer by default, and after the end of the time period, since the base station starts data transmission, the station 70 continues to be evacuated when detecting that the channel is busy. status.
  • the station 70 further includes a data transmission unit, and the channel competition unit 72 is specifically configured to: when the NAV timer of the station 70 is 0, between the first time and the second time, the competition is unauthorized. Spectrum channel; data transmission through the unlicensed spectrum channel, and through the backoff unit 73, the unlicensed spectrum channel is released before the second time, that is, in the back-off state.
  • the time at which the station 70 around the base station receives the channel reservation information can be considered to be the first time.
  • the receiving station 70 parses the channel reservation information and reads the duration of the time period carried in the first field. It can be considered that the channel can be contending in the time period. Therefore, it is necessary to determine that the channel is idle by the detection, and determine that the current NAV is reset to 0, and it is also necessary to determine whether the time between the time when the NAV returns to 0 and the second time is sufficient for one transmission, and if the above conditions are satisfied, the channel can be used for data. Transmission, the data transmission is completed between the second time and the channel is released, and the retracted state is entered.
  • the channel reservation information includes a first field that carries duration information between the first time and the third time, where the third time is a time when the base station occupies the unlicensed spectrum channel to complete the data transmission.
  • the base station generates channel reservation information when detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle.
  • the base station may also fill in the first field in the channel reservation information with the duration from the base station competing to the channel usage right to the entire time period in which the data transmission is completed using the channel.
  • the time at which the base station completes its data transmission is set to be the third time.
  • the duration of the first field is the length of the time period from the first time to the third time.
  • the time at which the station 70 around the base station receives the channel reservation information can be considered to be the first time.
  • Receiving station 70 parses the The channel reservation information reads the duration of the first field, so that the timer can be updated according to the duration, so that the station 70 is in the backoff state during the time period from the first time to the third time.
  • the channel reservation information may be information in an existing protocol, or may be pre-agreed dedicated information, which is not limited by the present invention.
  • the base station may employ a mechanism such as RTS/CTS for channel reservation.
  • the duration/ID field in the RTS/CTS message may be used as the first field to carry the duration information of the time period from the first time to the third time.
  • the channel reservation information further includes a second field that carries address information of the base station, where the second field is used to indicate that the channel reservation information is derived from a base station of the cellular system.
  • the channel reservation information generated by the base station may include a field for carrying the base station address information, in addition to the field containing the bearer duration in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the address information can be a unique address value for the cellular system so that other stations 70 of the WLAN system can distinguish the base station transmitting the channel reservation information from the site 70 of the WLAN.
  • the address information may be a unique address value that conforms to the WLAN station 70 address format. For example, address values not defined in the WLAN system can be utilized.
  • the receiving unit 71 is further configured to: receive, by the base station, indication information that carries the second time, or duration information between the first time and the second time, where the second time is The start time of the next subframe of the subframe in which the first time of the base station is determined by the subframe timing;
  • the channel contention unit 72 is further configured to: compete for the unlicensed spectrum channel between the first time and the second time according to the channel reservation information and the current network configuration vector NAV of the station 70, including: determining, according to the second field of the channel reservation information
  • the channel reservation information is derived from the base station of the cellular system; according to the indication information, between the first time and the second time, when the NAV timer of the station 70 returns to 0, the unlicensed spectrum channel is contending; the data is performed through the unlicensed spectrum channel. Transmission, and through the backoff unit 73, the unlicensed spectrum channel is released before the second time, that is, in the back-off state.
  • the station 70 that receives the channel reservation information cannot obtain the information of the reserved time period, that is, The information of the time period between the first time and the second time, and thus the reserved time period cannot be used to compete for the unlicensed spectrum channel if only the channel reservation information is received.
  • another indication information may be further sent by the base station, and the time information between the second time or the first time to the second time is notified to the station 70, so that the station 70 can initiate the competition within the reserved time period.
  • the receiving station 70 knows the second time, or the duration information between the first time and the second time, it can be considered that the channel can be contending during the time period. Therefore, it is necessary to determine that the channel is idle by the detection, and determine that the current NAV is reset to 0, and it is also necessary to determine whether the time between the time when the NAV returns to 0 and the second time is sufficient for one transmission, and if the above conditions are satisfied, the channel can be used for data. Transmission, the data transmission is completed between the second time and the channel is released, and the retracted state is entered.
  • the base station in the embodiment of the present invention When detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle, the base station in the embodiment of the present invention generates and sends channel reservation information, so that the station 70 that receives the channel reservation information is guaranteed to be in the time when the base station occupies the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission.
  • the backoff state can improve the chances of the cellular system base station competing and using the unlicensed spectrum channel, and improve the user communication rate and user experience.
  • the receiving station 70 can learn the reserved period before the base station actually occupies the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission, so that the channel usage right can be competed in the reserved period, thereby improving spectrum utilization, thereby The impact of the base station competing for the unlicensed spectrum channel on the WLAN system is reduced.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a base station according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the base station 80 of FIG. 8 includes a memory 81, a processor 82, a transmitting circuit 83, and an antenna 84.
  • the memory 81 is configured to store an instruction that causes the processor 82 to: generate channel reservation information when detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle; and transmit channel reservation information at the first time by the transmitting circuit 83, the channel reservation information is used Instructing the base station 80 to occupy the unlicensed spectrum channel from the second moment, so that the station that receives the channel reservation information is in the retreat state after the second time, the second time is later than the first time; Authorize the spectrum channel for data transmission.
  • the base station in the embodiment of the present invention When detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle, the base station in the embodiment of the present invention generates and sends channel reservation information, so that the station that receives the channel reservation information is guaranteed to be retired when the base station occupies the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission. Status, thereby increasing the chances of cellular system base stations competing and using unlicensed spectrum channels, increasing user communication rates and user experience.
  • the base station 80 When the base station 80 needs to compete for unlicensed spectrum channel resources, it needs to follow the spectrum etiquette of the wireless local area network system to monitor the unlicensed spectrum channel, and after detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle and the channel remains idle for a certain period of time, the competition is performed. The right to use this channel. In order to prevent the base station 80 from competing with other base stations 80 and WiFi sites competing for unlicensed spectrum channels at the same time. The signal collision of the channel usage right causes the data transmission to fail.
  • the shared channel competition mechanism of Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) can also be applied to A base station 80 that competes for unlicensed spectrum channels.
  • CSMA/CA Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance
  • the base station 80 first uses the carrier sense technique to determine whether the unlicensed spectrum channel is "idle state" or "busy state.” If it is idle, a random number N is generated, and then N slots are counted down; if it is busy, it remains silent. When the base station 80 counts down the N time slot units, if the channel is still idle, a subsequent contention process is initiated.
  • the base station 80 may further include a receiving circuit 85 and the like.
  • the processor 82 controls the operation of the base station 80, which may also be referred to as a CPU (Central Processing Unit).
  • Memory 81 can include read only memory and random access memory and provides instructions and data to processor 82. A portion of the memory 81 may also include non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM).
  • transmit circuitry 83 and receive circuitry 85 can be coupled to antenna 84.
  • the various components of base station 80 are coupled together by a bus system 86, which may include, in addition to the data bus, a power bus, a control bus, a status signal bus, and the like. However, for clarity of description, various buses are labeled as bus system 86 in the figure.
  • Processor 82 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the above method may be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor 82 or an instruction in the form of software.
  • the processor 82 described above may be a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or discrete hardware. Component.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA off-the-shelf programmable gate array
  • the methods, steps, and logical block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented or carried out.
  • the general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor or any conventional processor or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention may be directly implemented by the hardware decoding processor, or may be performed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software module can be located in a conventional storage medium such as random access memory, flash memory, read only memory, programmable read only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, and the like.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory 81, and the processor 82 reads the information in the memory 81 and performs the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.
  • the channel reservation information includes carrying the first moment and the second moment.
  • the first field of the duration information the processor 82 generates the channel reservation information, including: determining, according to the subframe timing of the base station, the start time of the next subframe of the subframe where the first moment is located as the second moment; The duration information between the first time and the second time is written into the first field in the channel reservation information, so that the station receiving the channel reservation information is based on the current network configuration vector NAV of the station at the first time and the second time Competing between unlicensed spectrum channels.
  • the channel reservation information includes a first field that carries duration information between the first time and the third time
  • the processor 82 generates channel reservation information, including: determining, by the base station, the unlicensed spectrum channel. Completing a third moment of data transmission; writing duration information between the first moment and the third moment into a first field in the channel reservation information, so that the station receiving the channel reservation information is at the first moment and the third It is in a state of retreat between times.
  • the method further includes: the processor 82 determining, according to the subframe timing of the base station, the next subframe of the subframe where the first moment is located.
  • the start time is the second time; the indication information carrying the second time, or the duration information between the first time and the second time, is generated; the indication information is sent by the transmitting circuit 83, so that the station receiving the indication information is based on The current network configuration vector NAV of the station competes for the unlicensed spectrum channel between the first time and the second time, and is in the back-off state after the second time.
  • the channel reservation information further includes a second field that carries address information of the base station, where the second field is used to indicate that the channel reservation information is derived from a base station of the cellular system.
  • the base station in the embodiment of the present invention When detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle, the base station in the embodiment of the present invention generates and sends channel reservation information, so that the station that receives the channel reservation information is guaranteed to be retired when the base station occupies the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission. Status, thereby increasing the chances of cellular system base stations competing and using unlicensed spectrum channels, increasing user communication rates and user experience. Moreover, through the channel reservation information, the receiving station can learn the reserved period before the base station actually occupies the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission, so that the channel usage right can be competed in the reserved period, thereby improving spectrum utilization and thereby reducing The impact of the base station competing for the unlicensed spectrum channel on the WLAN system.
  • the station 90 of Figure 9 is a schematic block diagram of a station in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the station 90 of Figure 9 may be a station (STA/AP) in a WiFi system or a base station supporting an unlicensed spectrum.
  • the site 90 includes a processor 91 and a memory 92.
  • the processor 91 and the memory 92 are connected by a bus system 93.
  • the memory 92 is configured to store an instruction that causes the processor 91 to: receive channel reservation information transmitted by the base station through the unlicensed spectrum channel at the first moment, where the channel reservation information is used for Instructing the base station to occupy the unlicensed spectrum channel from the second moment, the second time being later than the first time; competing for the unlicensed spectrum channel between the first time and the second time according to the channel reservation information and the current network configuration vector NAV of the station ; is in a retreat state after the second moment.
  • the base station in the embodiment of the present invention When detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle, the base station in the embodiment of the present invention generates and sends channel reservation information, so that the station that receives the channel reservation information is guaranteed to be retired when the base station occupies the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission. Status, thereby increasing the chances of cellular system base stations competing and using unlicensed spectrum channels, increasing user communication rates and user experience.
  • the base station When the base station needs to compete for the unlicensed spectrum channel resources, the base station needs to follow the spectrum etiquette of the wireless local area network system to monitor the unlicensed spectrum channel. When detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle and the channel remains idle for a certain period of time, the base station competes. The right to use the channel. In order to avoid data collision between the base station and other base stations and WiFi stations competing for unlicensed spectrum channels, the data transmission fails, and the carrier sense multiple access/collision avoidance (CSMA) followed by the 802.11 protocol (CSMA) /CA, Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance) The shared channel contention mechanism can also be applied to base stations that compete for unlicensed spectrum channels.
  • CSMA carrier sense multiple access/collision avoidance
  • CSMA 802.11 protocol
  • CA Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance
  • the base station first uses the carrier sense technique to determine whether the unlicensed spectrum channel is "idle state" or "busy state.” If it is idle, a random number N is generated, and then N slots are counted down; if it is busy, it remains silent. When the base station counts down the N time slot units, if the channel is still idle, a subsequent contention process is initiated.
  • the station 90 may also include a transmitting circuit 94, a receiving circuit 95, an antenna 96, and the like.
  • the processor 91 controls the operation of the station 90, which may also be referred to as a CPU (Central Processing Unit).
  • Memory 92 can include read only memory and random access memory and provides instructions and data to processor 91. A portion of memory 92 may also include non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM).
  • transmit circuitry 94 and receive circuitry 95 can be coupled to antenna 96.
  • the various components of the station 90 are coupled together by a bus system 93, which may include, in addition to the data bus, a power bus, a control bus, a status signal bus, and the like. However, for clarity of description, various buses are labeled as the bus system 93 in the figure.
  • Processor 91 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the above method may be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor 91 or an instruction in a form of software.
  • the processor 91 described above may be a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf programmable gate array (FPGA), or Other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA off-the-shelf programmable gate array
  • Other programmable logic devices discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.
  • the general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor or any conventional processor or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention may be directly implemented by the hardware decoding processor, or may be performed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software module can be located in a conventional storage medium such as random access memory, flash memory, read only memory, programmable read only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, and the like.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory 92, and the processor 91 reads the information in the memory 92 and performs the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.
  • the channel reservation information includes a first field that carries duration information between the first time and the second time, where the second time is a first time determined by the base station according to the subframe timing of the base station. The start time of the next subframe of the subframe.
  • the station 90 contends the unlicensed spectrum channel between the first time and the second time according to the channel reservation information and the current network configuration vector NAV of the station 90, including: at the first moment and the second time Between times, when the NAV timer of the station 90 returns to 0, the unlicensed spectrum channel is contending; the data transmission is performed through the unlicensed spectrum channel, and the unlicensed spectrum channel is released before the second time, that is, in the back-off state.
  • the channel reservation information includes a first field that carries duration information between the first time and the third time, where the third time is a time when the base station occupies the unlicensed spectrum channel to complete the data transmission.
  • the channel reservation information further includes a second field that carries address information of the base station, where the second field is used to indicate that the channel reservation information is derived from a base station of the cellular system.
  • the method further includes: receiving, by the base station, the second time, or between the first time and the second time The indication information of the duration information, where the second time is the start time of the next subframe of the subframe in which the base station is determined according to the subframe timing of the base station; the station 90 according to the channel reservation information and the current network configuration of the station 90
  • the vector NAV competes for the unlicensed spectrum channel between the first time and the second time, including: determining, according to the second field of the channel reservation information, the channel reservation information originating from the base station of the cellular system; according to the indication information, at the first moment Between the second moments, when the NAV timer of the station 90 returns to 0, the unlicensed spectrum channel is contending; the data transmission is performed through the unlicensed spectrum channel, and the unlicensed spectrum channel is released before the second moment, that is, in the back-off state.
  • the base station in the embodiment of the present invention generates and transmits a channel when detecting that the unlicensed spectrum channel is idle.
  • the information is reserved, so that the station that receives the channel reservation information is guaranteed to be in a back-off state when the base station occupies the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission, thereby improving the chance of the cellular system base station competing and using the unlicensed spectrum channel, thereby improving the user. Communication rate and user experience.
  • the receiving station can learn the reserved period before the base station actually occupies the unlicensed spectrum channel for data transmission, so that the channel usage right can be competed in the reserved period, thereby improving spectrum utilization and thereby reducing The impact of the base station competing for the unlicensed spectrum channel on the WLAN system.
  • the size of the sequence numbers of the above processes does not mean the order of execution, and the order of execution of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not be taken to the embodiments of the present invention.
  • the implementation process constitutes any limitation.
  • the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other manners.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. You can choose some of them according to actual needs or All units are used to achieve the objectives of the solution of this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the functions may be stored in a computer readable storage medium if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product.
  • the technical solution of the present invention which is essential or contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium, including
  • the instructions are used to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like. .

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Abstract

本发明实施例提供一种数据传输的方法、基站和站点。方法包括：基站在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲时，生成信道预留信息。基站在第一时刻发送信道预留信息，信道预留信息用于指示基站从第二时刻开始占用非授权频谱信道，以使得接收到信道预留信息的站点在第二时刻后处于退避状态，第二时刻晚于第一时刻。基站在第二时刻，通过非授权频谱信道进行数据传输。本发明实施例的基站在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲时，生成并发送信道预留信息，以使得接收到该信道预留信息的站点在基站占用该非授权频谱信道进行数据传输时保证处于退避状态，从而能够提高蜂窝系统基站竞争并使用非授权频谱信道的机会，提升用户通信速率以及用户体验。

Description

数据传输的方法、基站和站点 技术领域
本发明涉及通信领域，并且更具体地，涉及数据传输的方法、基站和站点。
背景技术
无线通信需要使用频率资源，运营商购买了频率的使用权，就可以合法地使用这些频谱部署无线通信网络，其它个人与组织则不能使用这些频谱进行无线通信，这类频谱称为授权频谱。
除了授权频谱外，还规定了一些非授权频谱，任何人无需交费，无需申请，都可以使用这类频谱进行通信。这类频谱主要分布在2.4GHz及5GHz附近。现在业界的微波炉、医疗设备及无线局域网都工作在这类频谱。
随着用户的无线通信数据量越来越大，运营商所购买的频率资源日益紧张。由于频谱资源不可再生，所以日渐昂贵的资源使用费用促使运营商开发非授权频谱，即利用非授权频谱组建一些小区，使用较低的功率进行发送，以较低成本，分流一部分无线通信流量，以达到提升用户通信速率、提升用户感受的目的。
利用非授权频谱组建移动蜂窝系统中的一些小区，则需要遵循非授权频谱的信道竞争机制。在无线保真(WiFi，Wireless Fidelity)系统中，非授权频谱信道竞争的基本规则是当检测到信道在一定时间内均保持空闲，才会去竞争信道的使用权。并且为了防止多个站点同时使用信道，还引入随机退避机制，以降低多个站点同时竞争到信道使用权的可能性。竞争到信道使用权的站点在开始传输数据之前，还可以通过请求发送/允许发送(RTS/CTS，Request to Send/Clear to Send)机制来进行双向握手，使得发送端和接收端站点周围接收到RTS/CTS信号的其他站点在本次传输中保持静默，从而最大限度保证通信链路的可靠传输。
对于移动蜂窝系统的基站而言，通常具有严格的子帧定时，数据的发送和接收以子帧为单位。因而，基站即便竞争到非授权频谱信道后，很可能不能马上进行数据传输，而是需要等到下一子帧开始时才能传输数据。在基站竞争到非授权频谱信道，至下一子帧开始的时间段内，非授权频谱信道会被 其他WiFi站点占用，并且在下一子帧开始时，若信道仍被占用，则基站需要退避，并且重新竞争信道。这样，大大降低了蜂窝系统的基站竞争并使用非授权频谱信道的机会，阻碍了蜂窝系统基站对于非授权频谱的应用。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种数据传输的方法、基站和站点，能够提高蜂窝系统基站竞争并使用非授权频谱信道的机会，从而能够提高移动蜂窝系统的系统容量以及用户体验。
第一方面，提供了一种数据传输的方法，包括：在满足信道预留条件时，基站在第一时刻发送信道预留通知，所述信道预留通知用于指示所述基站在第二时刻开始占用非授权频谱信道，所述第二时刻晚于所述第一时刻；所述基站在所述第二时刻开始通过所述非授权频谱信道进行数据传输。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的第一种实现方式中，所述信道预留通知携带预留时段的时长信息和所述第二时刻。
结合第一方面及其上述实现方式，在第一方面的第二种实现方式中，所述基站在第一时刻发送信道预留通知之前，还包括：确定预留时段的时长信息，所述预留时段为所述第一时刻与所述基站完成所述数据传输的第三时刻之间的时段；根据所述基站的子帧定时，确定所述第一时刻所在子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻为所述第二时刻；根据所述预留时段的时长信息和所述第二时刻生成所述信道预留通知，以使得接收到所述信道预留通知的站点根据所述站点当前的网络配置向量NAV在所述第一时刻与所述第二时刻之间竞争所述非授权频谱信道，并且在所述第二时刻之后处于退避状态。
结合第一方面及其上述实现方式，在第一方面的第三种实现方式中，所述信道预留通知携带所述第一时刻与所述第二时刻之间的时段的时长信息或者所述第二时刻。
结合第一方面及其上述实现方式，在第一方面的第四种实现方式中，所述基站在第一时刻发送信道预留通知之前，还包括：根据所述基站的子帧定时，确定所述第一时刻所在子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻为所述第二时刻；根据所述第二时刻，生成所述信道预留通知，以使得接收到所述信道预留通知的站点根据所述站点当前的网络配置向量NAV在所述第一时刻与所述第二时刻之间竞争所述非授权频谱信道，并且在所述第二时刻之后处于退避状 态。
结合第一方面及其上述实现方式，在第一方面的第五种实现方式中，所述信道预留通知还携带所述基站的地址信息，其中所述基站的地址信息用于指示所述信道预留通知源自蜂窝系统的基站。
结合第一方面及其上述实现方式，在第一方面的第六种实现方式中，所述信道预留条件包括：检测到所述非授权频谱信道空闲，并且在随机退避后所述非授权频谱信道仍然空闲。
第二方面，提供了一种数据传输的方法，包括：站点在第一时刻通过非授权频谱信道接收基站发送的信道预留通知，所述信道预留通知用于指示所述基站在第二时刻开始占用所述非授权频谱信道进行数据传输，所述第二时刻晚于所述第一时刻；所述站点确定所述第二时刻为信道预留的开始时刻。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的第一种实现方式中，所述信道预留通知携带预留时段的时长信息和所述第二时刻，其中所述第二时刻为所述基站根据所述基站的子帧定时确定的所述第一时刻所在子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻，所述预留时段的时长信息为所述第一时刻与所述基站完成所述数据传输的第三时刻之间的时长信息。
结合第二方面及其上述实现方式，在第二方面的第二种实现方式中，所述信道预留通知携带所述第一时刻与所述第二时刻之间的时段的时长信息或者所述第二时刻，其中所述第二时刻为所述基站根据所述基站的子帧定时确定的所述第一时刻所在子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻。
结合第二方面及其上述实现方式，在第二方面的第三种实现方式中，所述站点确定所述第二时刻为信道预留的开始时刻之后，还包括：根据所述信道预留通知和所述站点当前的网络配置向量NAV在所述第一时刻与所述第二时刻之间竞争所述非授权频谱信道；在所述第二时刻后处于退避状态，以便于所述基站在所述第二时刻后占用所述非授权频谱信道进行所述数据传输。
结合第二方面及其上述实现方式，在第二方面的第四种实现方式中，所述根据所述信道预留信息和所述站点当前的网络配置向量NAV在所述第一时刻与所述第二时刻之间竞争所述非授权频谱信道，包括：在所述第一时刻与所述第二时刻之间，当所述站点的NAV计时器归0时，竞争所述非授权频谱信道；通过所述非授权频谱信道进行数据传输，并且在所述第二时刻之 前释放所述非授权频谱信道，即处于退避状态。
结合第二方面及其上述实现方式，在第二方面的第五种实现方式中，所述信道预留信息还携带所述基站的地址信息，其中所述基站的地址信息用于指示所述信道预留信息源自蜂窝系统的基站。
第三方面，提供了一种基站，包括：发送单元，用于在满足信道预留条件时，在第一时刻发送信道预留通知，所述信道预留通知用于指示所述基站在第二时刻开始占用非授权频谱信道，所述第二时刻晚于所述第一时刻；传输单元，用于在所述第二时刻开始通过所述非授权频谱信道进行数据传输。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的第一种实现方式中，所述信道预留通知携带预留时段的时长信息和所述第二时刻。
结合第三方面及其上述实现方式，在第三方面的第二种实现方式中，所述基站还包括确定单元和生成单元，所述确定单元用于：确定预留时段的时长信息，所述预留时段为所述第一时刻与所述基站完成所述数据传输的第三时刻之间的时段；根据所述基站的子帧定时，确定所述第一时刻所在子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻为所述第二时刻；所述生成单元用于，根据所述预留时段的时长信息和所述第二时刻生成所述信道预留通知，以使得接收到所述信道预留通知的站点根据所述站点当前的网络配置向量NAV在所述第一时刻与所述第二时刻之间竞争所述非授权频谱信道，并且在所述第二时刻之后处于退避状态。
结合第三方面及其上述实现方式，在第三方面的第三种实现方式中，所述信道预留通知携带所述第一时刻与所述第二时刻之间的时段的时长信息或者所述第二时刻。
结合第三方面及其上述实现方式，在第三方面的第四种实现方式中，所述基站还包括确定单元和生成单元，所述确定单元用于，根据所述基站的子帧定时，确定所述第一时刻所在子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻为所述第二时刻；所述生成单元用于，根据所述第二时刻，生成所述信道预留通知，以使得接收到所述信道预留通知的站点根据所述站点当前的网络配置向量NAV在所述第一时刻与所述第二时刻之间竞争所述非授权频谱信道，并且在所述第二时刻之后处于退避状态。
结合第三方面及其上述实现方式，在第三方面的第五种实现方式中，所述信道预留通知还携带所述基站的地址信息，其中所述基站的地址信息用于 指示所述信道预留通知源自蜂窝系统的基站。
结合第三方面及其上述实现方式，在第三方面的第六种实现方式中，所述信道预留条件包括：检测到所述非授权频谱信道空闲，并且在随机退避后所述非授权频谱信道仍然空闲。
第四方面，提供了一种站点，包括：接收单元，用于在第一时刻通过非授权频谱信道接收基站发送的信道预留通知，所述信道预留通知用于指示所述基站在第二时刻开始占用所述非授权频谱信道进行数据传输，所述第二时刻晚于所述第一时刻；确定单元，用于确定所述第二时刻为信道预留的开始时刻。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的第一种实现方式中，所述信道预留通知携带预留时段的时长信息和所述第二时刻，其中所述第二时刻为所述基站根据所述基站的子帧定时确定的所述第一时刻所在子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻，所述预留时段的时长信息为所述第一时刻与所述基站完成所述数据传输的第三时刻之间的时长信息。
结合第四方面及其上述实现方式，在第四方面的第二种实现方式中，所述信道预留通知携带所述第一时刻与所述第二时刻之间的时段的时长信息或者所述第二时刻，其中所述第二时刻为所述基站根据所述基站的子帧定时确定的所述第一时刻所在子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻。
结合第四方面及其上述实现方式，在第四方面的第三种实现方式中，所述站点包括信道竞争单元和退避单元，所述信道竞争单元用于，根据所述信道预留通知和所述站点当前的网络配置向量NAV在所述第一时刻与所述第二时刻之间竞争所述非授权频谱信道；所述退避单元用于，在所述第二时刻后使得所述站点处于退避状态，以便于所述基站在所述第二时刻后占用所述非授权频谱信道进行所述数据传输。
结合第四方面及其上述实现方式，在第四方面的第四种实现方式中，所述站点还包括数据传输单元，所述信道竞争单元具体用于：在所述第一时刻与所述第二时刻之间，当所述站点的NAV计时器归0时，竞争所述非授权频谱信道；所述数据传输单元用于，通过所述非授权频谱信道进行数据传输，并且在所述第二时刻之前释放所述非授权频谱信道，即处于退避状态。
结合第四方面及其上述实现方式，在第四方面的第五种实现方式中，所述信道预留信息还携带所述基站的地址信息，其中所述基站的地址信息用于 指示所述信道预留信息源自蜂窝系统的基站。
本发明实施例的基站在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲时，生成并发送信道预留信息，以使得接收到该信道预留信息的站点在基站占用该非授权频谱信道进行数据传输时保证处于退避状态，从而能够提移动高蜂窝系统基站竞争并使用非授权频谱信道的机会，提高移动蜂窝系统的系统容量以及用户体验。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对本发明实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明一个实施例的数据传输的方法的流程图。
图2是本发明一个实施例的数据传输的方法的流程图。
图3是本发明一个实施例的数据传输的方法的流程图。
图4是本发明一个实施例的数据传输的方法的流程图。
图5是本发明一个实施例的子帧定时的示意图。
图6是本发明一个实施例的基站的示意框图。
图7是本发明一个实施例的站点的示意框图。
图8是本发明另一实施例的基站的示意框图。
图9是本发明另一实施例的站点的示意框图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明的技术方案，可以应用于各种通信系统，例如：全球移动通讯系统(GSM，Global System of Mobile communication)，码分多址(CDMA，Code Division Multiple Access)系统，宽带码分多址(WCDMA，Wideband Code Division Multiple Access Wireless)，通用分组无线业务(GPRS，General  Packet Radio Service)，长期演进(LTE，Long Term Evolution)，无线局域网(WLAN，Wireless Local Area Network)系统、无线保真(Wi-Fi，Wireless Fidelity)系统等。
本发明实施例中的基站，可以是GSM或CDMA中的基站(BTS，Base Transceiver Station)，也可以是WCDMA中的基站(NodeB)，还可以是LTE中的演进型基站(eNB或e-NodeB，evolutional Node B)，本发明并不限定，但为描述方便，下述实施例主要以eNB为例进行说明。
应理解，本发明实施例中的基站可以是同时支持非授权(Unlicensed)频谱和授权(Licensed)频谱的基站，也可以是只支持非授权频谱的基站。其中，同时支持非授权频谱和授权频谱的基站可以同时控制非授权频谱小区和授权频谱小区(即非授权频谱小区和授权频谱小区共站)。对于UE来说，能够为其提供服务的小区有多个，其中，一个小区作为主小区(Primary Cell，PCell)，其余小区作为辅小区(Secondary Cell，SCell)。一般来说，UE的服务基站会为UE分配一个或者多个小区，其中的一个授权频谱小区作为UE的PCell，其余的小区作为SCell，SCell可以为授权频谱小区也可以为非授权频谱小区。
本发明实施例中的站点，可以是WLAN中用户站点(STA，Station)，该用户站点也可以称为系统、用户单元、接入终端、移动站、移动台、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、终端、无线通信设备、用户代理、用户装置或UE(User Equipment，用户设备)。该STA可以是蜂窝电话、无绳电话、SIP(Session Initiation Protocol，会话启动协议)电话、WLL(Wireless Local Loop，无线本地环路)站、PDA(Personal Digital Assistant，个人数字助理)、具有无线局域网(例如Wi-Fi)通信功能的手持设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备。
另外，站点也可以是WLAN中接入点(AP，Access Point)，接入点可用于与接入终端通过无线局域网进行通信，并将接入终端的数据传输至网络侧，或将来自网络侧的数据传输至接入终端。
图1是本发明一个实施例的数据传输的方法的流程图。图1的方法可以由支持非授权频谱的基站执行。
101，在满足信道预留条件时，基站在第一时刻发送信道预留通知，信道预留通知用于指示基站在第二时刻开始占用非授权频谱信道，第二时刻晚 于第一时刻。
102，基站在第二时刻开始通过非授权频谱信道进行数据传输。
本发明实施例的基站在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲时，生成并发送信道预留信息，以使得接收到该信道预留信息的站点在基站占用该非授权频谱信道进行数据传输时保证处于退避状态，从而能够提高蜂窝系统基站竞争并使用非授权频谱信道的机会，提升用户通信速率以及用户体验。
可选地，作为一个实施例，信道预留通知携带预留时段的时长信息和第二时刻。
可选地，作为一个实施例，基站在第一时刻发送信道预留通知之前，还包括：确定预留时段的时长信息，预留时段为第一时刻与基站完成数据传输的第三时刻之间的时段；根据基站的子帧定时，确定第一时刻所在子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻为第二时刻；根据预留时段的时长信息和第二时刻生成信道预留通知，以使得接收到信道预留通知的站点根据站点当前的网络配置向量NAV在第一时刻与第二时刻之间竞争非授权频谱信道，并且在第二时刻之后处于退避状态。
可选地，作为一个实施例，信道预留通知携带第一时刻与第二时刻之间的时段的时长信息或者第二时刻。
可选地，作为一个实施例，基站在第一时刻发送信道预留通知之前，还包括：根据基站的子帧定时，确定第一时刻所在子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻为第二时刻；根据第二时刻，生成信道预留通知，以使得接收到信道预留通知的站点根据站点当前的网络配置向量NAV在第一时刻与第二时刻之间竞争非授权频谱信道，并且在第二时刻之后处于退避状态。
可选地，作为一个实施例，信道预留通知还携带基站的地址信息，其中基站的地址信息用于指示信道预留通知源自蜂窝系统的基站。
可选地，作为一个实施例，信道预留条件包括：检测到非授权频谱信道空闲，并且在随机退避后非授权频谱信道仍然空闲。
本发明实施例的基站在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲时，生成并发送信道预留信息，以使得接收到该信道预留信息的站点在基站占用该非授权频谱信道进行数据传输时保证处于退避状态，从而能够提高蜂窝系统基站竞争并使用非授权频谱信道的机会，提升用户通信速率以及用户体验。并且，通过信道预留信息，接收站点可以获知基站真正占用非授权频谱信道进行数据传输 之前的预留时段，从而可以在该预留时段内竞争该信道使用权，能够提高频谱利用率，从而降低基站竞争非授权频谱信道对于WLAN系统造成的影响。
图2是本发明一个实施例的数据传输的方法的流程图。图2的方法可以由WiFi系统中的站点(STA/AP)或支持非授权频谱的基站执行。
201，站点在第一时刻通过非授权频谱信道接收基站发送的信道预留通知，信道预留通知用于指示基站在第二时刻开始占用非授权频谱信道进行数据传输，第二时刻晚于第一时刻。
202，站点确定第二时刻为信道预留的开始时刻。
本发明实施例的基站在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲时，生成并发送信道预留信息，以使得接收到该信道预留信息的站点在基站占用该非授权频谱信道进行数据传输时保证处于退避状态，从而能够提高蜂窝系统基站竞争并使用非授权频谱信道的机会，提升用户通信速率以及用户体验。
可选地，作为一个实施例，信道预留通知携带预留时段的时长信息和第二时刻，其中第二时刻为基站根据基站的子帧定时确定的第一时刻所在子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻，预留时段的时长信息为第一时刻与基站完成数据传输的第三时刻之间的时长信息。
可选地，作为一个实施例，信道预留通知携带第一时刻与第二时刻之间的时段的时长信息或者第二时刻，其中第二时刻为基站根据基站的子帧定时确定的第一时刻所在子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻。
可选地，作为一个实施例，站点确定第二时刻为信道预留的开始时刻之后，还包括：根据信道预留通知和站点当前的网络配置向量NAV在第一时刻与第二时刻之间竞争非授权频谱信道；在第二时刻后处于退避状态，以便于基站在第二时刻后占用非授权频谱信道进行数据传输。
可选地，作为一个实施例，根据信道预留信息和站点当前的网络配置向量NAV在第一时刻与第二时刻之间竞争非授权频谱信道，包括：在第一时刻与第二时刻之间，当站点的NAV计时器归0时，竞争非授权频谱信道；通过非授权频谱信道进行数据传输，并且在第二时刻之前释放非授权频谱信道，即处于退避状态。
可选地，作为一个实施例，信道预留信息还携带基站的地址信息，其中基站的地址信息用于指示信道预留信息源自蜂窝系统的基站。
本发明实施例的基站在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲时，生成并发送信道 预留信息，以使得接收到该信道预留信息的站点在基站占用该非授权频谱信道进行数据传输时保证处于退避状态，从而能够提高蜂窝系统基站竞争并使用非授权频谱信道的机会，提升用户通信速率以及用户体验。并且，通过信道预留信息，接收站点可以获知基站真正占用非授权频谱信道进行数据传输之前的预留时段，从而可以在该预留时段内竞争该信道使用权，能够提高频谱利用率，从而降低基站竞争非授权频谱信道对于WLAN系统造成的影响。
图3是本发明一个实施例的数据传输的方法的流程图。图3的方法可以由支持非授权频谱的基站执行。
301，基站在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲时，生成信道预留信息。
302，基站在第一时刻发送信道预留信息，信道预留信息用于指示基站从第二时刻开始占用非授权频谱信道，以使得接收到信道预留信息的站点在第二时刻后处于退避状态，第二时刻晚于第一时刻。
303，基站在第二时刻，通过非授权频谱信道进行数据传输。
本发明实施例的基站在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲时，生成并发送信道预留信息，以使得接收到该信道预留信息的站点在基站占用该非授权频谱信道进行数据传输时保证处于退避状态，从而能够提高蜂窝系统基站竞争并使用非授权频谱信道的机会，提升用户通信速率以及用户体验。
基站在需要竞争非授权频谱信道资源时，需要遵循无线局域网系统的频谱礼仪，对非授权频谱信道进行监听，在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲并且该信道在一定时间内均保持空闲，则竞争该信道的使用权。其中，为了避免基站与其他竞争非授权频谱信道的基站和WiFi站点同时竞争到信道使用权而发生信号碰撞，导致数据传输失败，802.11协议所遵循的载波侦听多点接入/冲突避免(CSMA/CA,Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance)的共享信道竞争机制同样可以应用在竞争非授权频谱信道的基站。
具体地，基站首先利用载波侦听技术判断非授权频谱信道是“空闲状态”还是“忙碌状态”。如果是空闲状态，则生成一个随机数N，而后开始倒计时N个时隙(slot)单元；如果是忙碌状态，则保持静默。当基站倒计时N个时隙单元结束的时候，如果信道仍然是空闲状态，则发起后续的竞争过程。
可选地，作为一个实施例，信道预留信息包括携带第一时刻与第二时刻之间的时长信息的第一字段，生成信道预留信息，包括：根据基站的子帧定时，确定第一时刻所在子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻为第二时刻；将第一时刻 与第二时刻之间的时长信息写入信道预留信息中的第一字段，以便于接收到信道预留信息的站点根据该站点当前的网络配置向量NAV在第一时刻与第二时刻之间竞争该非授权频谱信道。
基站在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲时，生成信道预留信息。其中信道预留信息用于通知基站周边接收到该信道预留信息的其他站点，该基站将在第二时刻开始占用该非授权频谱信道进行数据传输。基站发送该信道预留信息的时刻可以定为第一时刻，也就是说，在第一时刻到第二时刻之间的时间段内，该非授权频谱信道仍然可以被竞争和使用。
基站生成信道预留信息的具体过程可以包括：首先，基站根据其子帧定时，确定当前时刻所在的子帧，并确定该子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻为第二时刻，即确定基站能够真正开始占用非授权频谱信道进行数据传输的时刻。其次，基站可以确定发送该信道预留信息的时刻(第一时刻)到第二时刻之间的时间段的长度(time duration)。该时间段的长度信息可以由信道预留信息中的某个字段(例如第一字段)承载。
由于信息在空中传输的时间可以忽略不计，因此该基站周围的站点接收到该信道预留信息的时刻可以认为仍是第一时刻。接收站点解析该信道预留信息，读取其中第一字段中承载的时长，从而可以根据该时长更新其定时器，使得该站点在第二时刻之后保证处于退避状态。其中，在第二时刻之后保证处于退避状态可以包括两种情况：一、如果站点在第一时刻到第二时刻之间的时间段内成功竞争到该非授权频谱信道的使用权，则需要保证在第二时刻之前完成数据传输，并释放信道；二、如果站点未在第一时刻到第二时刻之间的时间段内未竞争到该非授权频谱信道，则在第二时刻之后保持退避状态，并且继续监听该非授权频谱信道，以便在该基站完成数据传输释放该新到后能够继续发起竞争。
应理解，信道预留信息可以为现有协议中的信息，也可以是预先约定的专用信息，本发明对此并不限定。可选地，为了兼容现有协议，并使得WLAN系统中的站点在改动最小的情况下识别该信道预留信息，基站可以采用例如RTS/CTS的机制来进行信道预留。其中，RTS/CTS消息中的Duration/ID字段可以作为上述第一字段，来承载上述第一时刻到第二时刻的时间段的时长信息。
更近一步地，基站可以利用Duration/ID字段中的预留字段来表示上述 第一时刻到第二时刻的时间段的时长信息。并且在基站和站点两端将该预留字段预定义为：在其承载的时长内站点可以竞争信道使用权。对于无法理解该预留字段的站点，则默认其承载的时长内也不竞争信道使用权，并且在该时间段结束后，由于基站开始进行数据传输，站点检测到信道繁忙则继续处于退避状态。
可选地，作为一个实施例，信道预留信息包括携带第一时刻与第三时刻之间的时长信息的第一字段，生成信道预留信息，包括:确定基站通过非授权频谱信道完成数据传输的第三时刻；将第一时刻与第三时刻之间的时长信息写入信道预留信息中的第一字段，以便于接收到信道预留信息的站点在第一时刻与第三时刻之间处于退避状态。
基站在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲时，生成信道预留信息。与前述实施例不同，基站也可以在信道预留信息中的第一字段中填充从基站竞争到该信道使用权到使用该信道完成其数据传输的整个时间段的时长。设定基站完成其数据传输的时刻为第三时刻。那么，第一字段承载的时长为第一时刻到第三时刻的时间段的长度。
由于信息在空中传输的时间可以忽略不计，因此该基站周围的站点接收到该信道预留信息的时刻可以认为仍是第一时刻。接收站点解析该信道预留信息，读取其中第一字段中承载的时长，从而可以根据该时长更新其定时器，使得该站点在第一时刻到第三时刻间的时间段内都处于退避状态。
应理解，信道预留信息可以为现有协议中的信息，也可以是预先约定的专用信息，本发明对此并不限定。可选地，为了兼容现有协议，并使得WLAN系统中的站点在改动最小的情况下识别该信道预留信息，基站可以采用例如RTS/CTS的机制来进行信道预留。其中，RTS/CTS消息中的Duration/ID字段可以作为上述第一字段，来承载上述第一时刻到第三时刻的时间段的时长信息。
还应理解，在当前实施例中，由于接收站点无法获知预留时间段的信息，即第一时刻到第二时刻之间的时间段的信息，因而无法在仅接收到该信道预留信息的情况下利用预留时间段竞争该非授权频谱信道。对于这种情况，可以通过基站进一步发送另一指示信息，将第二时刻或者第一时刻到第二时刻之间的时长信息通知给站点，以便于站点能够在预留时间段内发起竞争。
可选地，作为一个实施例，基站发送信道预留信息之后，还包括：生成 携带有第二时刻，或者第一时刻与第二时刻之间的时长信息的指示信息，其中第二时刻为第一时刻所在子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻；发送指示信息，以使得接收到指示信息的站点根据站点当前的网络配置向量NAV在第一时刻与第二时刻之间竞争非授权频谱信道，并且在第二时刻后处于退避状态。
具体地，当接收站点获知第二时刻，或者第一时刻到第二时刻之间的时长信息时，可以认为该时间段内可以竞争信道。因而需要通过检测确定信道空闲，并且确定当前的NAV归0，并且还需要确定NAV归0的时刻到第二时刻之间的时长是否足够进行一次传输，以上条件都满足则可以使用该信道进行数据传输，在第二时刻之间完成数据传输并释放信道，进入退避状态。
可选地，作为一个实施例，信道预留信息还包括携带基站的地址信息的第二字段，其中第二字段用于指示信道预留信息源自蜂窝系统的基站。
基站生成的信道预留信息除了包含上述实施例中的承载时长的字段，还可以包括用于携带基站地址信息的字段。该地址信息可以为蜂窝系统的专属地址值，以便WLAN系统的其他站点能够将发送该信道预留信息的基站与WLAN的站点区分。并且为了使得站点能够识别该地址信息，该地址信息可以是符合WLAN站点地址格式的专属地址值。例如，可以利用WLAN系统中未定义的地址值。
本发明实施例的基站在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲时，生成并发送信道预留信息，以使得接收到该信道预留信息的站点在基站占用该非授权频谱信道进行数据传输时保证处于退避状态，从而能够提高蜂窝系统基站竞争并使用非授权频谱信道的机会，提升用户通信速率以及用户体验。并且，通过信道预留信息，接收站点可以获知基站真正占用非授权频谱信道进行数据传输之前的预留时段，从而可以在该预留时段内竞争该信道使用权，能够提高频谱利用率，从而降低基站竞争非授权频谱信道对于WLAN系统造成的影响。
图4是本发明一个实施例的数据传输的方法的流程图。图4的方法可以由WiFi系统中的站点(STA/AP)或支持非授权频谱的基站执行。
401，站点在第一时刻通过非授权频谱信道接收到基站发送的信道预留信息，其中信道预留信息用于指示基站从第二时刻开始占用非授权频谱信道，第二时刻晚于第一时刻。
402，站点根据信道预留信息和站点当前的网络配置向量NAV在第一时刻与第二时刻之间竞争非授权频谱信道。
403，站点在第二时刻后处于退避状态。
本发明实施例的基站在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲时，生成并发送信道预留信息，以使得接收到该信道预留信息的站点在基站占用该非授权频谱信道进行数据传输时保证处于退避状态，从而能够提高蜂窝系统基站竞争并使用非授权频谱信道的机会，提升用户通信速率以及用户体验。
基站在需要竞争非授权频谱信道资源时，需要遵循无线局域网系统的频谱礼仪，对非授权频谱信道进行监听，在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲并且该信道在一定时间内均保持空闲，则竞争该信道的使用权。其中，为了避免基站与其他竞争非授权频谱信道的基站和WiFi站点同时竞争到信道使用权而发生信号碰撞，导致数据传输失败，802.11协议所遵循的载波侦听多点接入/冲突避免(CSMA/CA,Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance)的共享信道竞争机制同样可以应用在竞争非授权频谱信道的基站。
具体地，基站首先利用载波侦听技术判断非授权频谱信道是“空闲状态”还是“忙碌状态”。如果是空闲状态，则生成一个随机数N，而后开始倒计时N个时隙(slot)单元；如果是忙碌状态，则保持静默。当基站倒计时N个时隙单元结束的时候，如果信道仍然是空闲状态，则发起后续的竞争过程。
可选地，作为一个实施例，信道预留信息包括携带第一时刻与第二时刻之间的时长信息的第一字段，其中第二时刻为基站根据基站的子帧定时确定的第一时刻所在子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻。
基站在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲时，生成信道预留信息。其中信道预留信息用于通知基站周边接收到该信道预留信息的其他站点，该基站将在第二时刻开始占用该非授权频谱信道进行数据传输。基站发送该信道预留信息的时刻可以定为第一时刻，也就是说，在第一时刻到第二时刻之间的时间段内，该非授权频谱信道仍然可以被竞争和使用。
基站生成信道预留信息的具体过程可以包括：首先，基站根据其子帧定时，确定当前时刻所在的子帧，并确定该子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻为第二时刻，即确定基站能够真正开始占用非授权频谱信道进行数据传输的时刻。其次，基站可以确定发送该信道预留信息的时刻(第一时刻)到第二时刻之间的时间段的长度(time duration)。该时间段的长度信息可以由信道预留信息中的某个字段(例如第一字段)承载。
应理解，信道预留信息可以为现有协议中的信息，也可以是预先约定的 专用信息，本发明对此并不限定。可选地，为了兼容现有协议，并使得WLAN系统中的站点在改动最小的情况下识别该信道预留信息，基站可以采用例如RTS/CTS的机制来进行信道预留。其中，RTS/CTS消息中的Duration/ID字段可以作为上述第一字段，来承载上述第一时刻到第二时刻的时间段的时长信息。
更近一步地，基站可以利用Duration/ID字段中的预留字段来表示上述第一时刻到第二时刻的时间段的时长信息。并且在基站和站点两端将该预留字段预定义为：在其承载的时长内站点可以竞争信道使用权。对于无法理解该预留字段的站点，则默认其承载的时长内也不竞争信道使用权，并且在该时间段结束后，由于基站开始进行数据传输，站点检测到信道繁忙则继续处于退避状态。
可选地，作为一个实施例，站点根据信道预留信息和站点当前的网络配置向量NAV在第一时刻与第二时刻之间竞争非授权频谱信道，包括：在第一时刻与第二时刻之间，当站点的NAV计时器归0时，竞争非授权频谱信道；通过非授权频谱信道进行数据传输，并且在第二时刻之前释放非授权频谱信道，即处于退避状态。
由于信息在空中传输的时间可以忽略不计，因此该基站周围的站点接收到该信道预留信息的时刻可以认为仍是第一时刻。接收站点解析该信道预留信息，读取其中第一字段中承载的时间段的时长，可以认为该时间段内可以竞争信道。因而需要通过检测确定信道空闲，并且确定当前的NAV归0，并且还需要确定NAV归0的时刻到第二时刻之间的时长是否足够进行一次传输，以上条件都满足则可以使用该信道进行数据传输，在第二时刻之间完成数据传输并释放信道，进入退避状态。
可选地，作为一个实施例，信道预留信息包括携带第一时刻与第三时刻之间的时长信息的第一字段，其中第三时刻为基站占用非授权频谱信道完成数据传输的时刻。
基站在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲时，生成信道预留信息。与前述实施例不同，基站也可以在信道预留信息中的第一字段中填充从基站竞争到该信道使用权到使用该信道完成其数据传输的整个时间段的时长。设定基站完成其数据传输的时刻为第三时刻。那么，第一字段承载的时长为第一时刻到第三时刻的时间段的长度。
由于信息在空中传输的时间可以忽略不计，因此该基站周围的站点接收到该信道预留信息的时刻可以认为仍是第一时刻。接收站点解析该信道预留信息，读取其中第一字段中承载的时长，从而可以根据该时长更新其定时器，使得该站点在第一时刻到第三时刻间的时间段内都处于退避状态。
应理解，信道预留信息可以为现有协议中的信息，也可以是预先约定的专用信息，本发明对此并不限定。可选地，为了兼容现有协议，并使得WLAN系统中的站点在改动最小的情况下识别该信道预留信息，基站可以采用例如RTS/CTS的机制来进行信道预留。其中，RTS/CTS消息中的Duration/ID字段可以作为上述第一字段，来承载上述第一时刻到第三时刻的时间段的时长信息。
可选地，作为一个实施例，信道预留信息还包括携带基站的地址信息的第二字段，其中第二字段用于指示信道预留信息源自蜂窝系统的基站。
基站生成的信道预留信息除了包含上述实施例中的承载时长的字段，还可以包括用于携带基站地址信息的字段。该地址信息可以为蜂窝系统的专属地址值，以便WLAN系统的其他站点能够将发送该信道预留信息的基站与WLAN的站点区分。并且为了使得站点能够识别该地址信息，该地址信息可以是符合WLAN站点地址格式的专属地址值。例如，可以利用WLAN系统中未定义的地址值。
可选地，作为一个实施例，站点在第一时刻接收到基站发送的信道预留信息之后，还包括：接收基站发送的携带有第二时刻，或者第一时刻与第二时刻之间的时长信息的指示信息，其中第二时刻为基站根据基站的子帧定时确定的第一时刻所在子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻；站点根据信道预留信息和站点当前的网络配置向量NAV在第一时刻与第二时刻之间竞争非授权频谱信道，包括：根据信道预留信息的第二字段确定信道预留信息源自蜂窝系统的基站；根据指示信息，在第一时刻与第二时刻之间，当站点的NAV计时器归0时，竞争非授权频谱信道；通过非授权频谱信道进行数据传输，并且在第二时刻之前释放非授权频谱信道，即处于退避状态。
结合上述实施例，在信道预留信息中只包含第一时刻到第三时刻的时间段的时长信息的情况下，接收到该信道预留信息的站点无法获知预留时间段的信息，即第一时刻到第二时刻之间的时间段的信息，因而无法在仅接收到该信道预留信息的情况下利用预留时间段竞争该非授权频谱信道。对于这种 情况，可以通过基站进一步发送另一指示信息，将第二时刻或者第一时刻到第二时刻之间的时长信息通知给站点，以便于站点能够在预留时间段内发起竞争。具体地，当接收站点获知第二时刻，或者第一时刻到第二时刻之间的时长信息时，可以认为该时间段内可以竞争信道。因而需要通过检测确定信道空闲，并且确定当前的NAV归0，并且还需要确定NAV归0的时刻到第二时刻之间的时长是否足够进行一次传输，以上条件都满足则可以使用该信道进行数据传输，在第二时刻之间完成数据传输并释放信道，进入退避状态。
本发明实施例的基站在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲时，生成并发送信道预留信息，以使得接收到该信道预留信息的站点在基站占用该非授权频谱信道进行数据传输时保证处于退避状态，从而能够提高蜂窝系统基站竞争并使用非授权频谱信道的机会，提升用户通信速率以及用户体验。并且，通过信道预留信息，接收站点可以获知基站真正占用非授权频谱信道进行数据传输之前的预留时段，从而可以在该预留时段内竞争该信道使用权，能够提高频谱利用率，从而降低基站竞争非授权频谱信道对于WLAN系统造成的影响。
图5是本发明一个实施例的子帧定时的示意图。
如图5所示，其中对于基站的子帧定时结构，仅仅示出当前子帧和下一子帧两个子帧，以供说明。在图中所示的t0时刻，基站检测到非授权频谱信道空闲，一段时间的随机退避，基站生成信道预留信息，并在图中所示的第一时刻发送该信道预留信息。
如图所示，第一时刻(t1)对应于当前子帧，也就是说，基站在第一时刻(t1)到下一子帧开始之前还无法利用竞争到的非授权频谱信道进行数据传输。
基站发送该信道预留信息以通知基站周边接收到该信道预留信息的其他站点，该基站将在第二时刻(t2)开始占用该非授权频谱信道进行数据传输。
具体地，基站可以根据其子帧定时，确定当前子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻t2，即确定基站能够真正开始占用非授权频谱信道进行数据传输的时刻。而后，基站可以确定发送该信道预留信息的时刻(第一时刻)到第二时刻之间的时间段的长度(time duration)。该时间段的长度信息可以由信道预留信息中的某个字段(例如第一字段)承载。
应理解，信道预留信息可以为现有协议中的信息，也可以是预先约定的 专用信息，本发明对此并不限定。可选地，为了兼容现有协议，并使得WLAN系统中的站点在改动最小的情况下识别该信道预留信息，基站可以采用例如RTS/CTS的机制来进行信道预留。其中，RTS/CTS消息中的Duration/ID字段可以作为上述第一字段，来承载上述第一时刻到第二时刻的时间段的时长信息。其中，作为一个例子，Duration/ID字段可以如表1所示：
表1
Figure PCTCN2014092018-appb-000001
如表1所示，基站可以利用Duration/ID字段中的预留字段来表示上述第一时刻到第二时刻的时间段的时长信息。例如，第15个比特位(Bit 14)为0，第16个比特位(Bit 15)为1，用前14个比特位来表示第一时刻到第二时刻的时间段的时长。并且在基站和站点(图3中所示的站点1)两端将该预留字段预定义为：在其承载的时长内站点可以竞争信道使用权。对于无法理解该预留字段的站点(图3中所示的站点2)，则默认其承载的时长内也不竞争信道使用权，并且在该时间段结束后，由于基站开始进行数据传输，站点检测到信道繁忙则继续处于退避状态。
对于站点1，由于其能够在预留时段内竞争信道使用权，则站点1可以通过检测确定信道空闲，并且确定当前的NAV归0，并且还需要确定NAV归0的时刻到第二时刻之间的时长是否足够进行一次传输，以上条件都满足则可以使用该信道进行数据传输，在第二时刻之间完成数据传输并释放信道，进入退避状态。
而对于站点2，则在第一时刻到第三时刻的时间段内都处于退避状态。
图6是本发明一个实施例的基站的示意框图。图6中所示的基站60包括生成单元61、发送单元62和数据传输单元63。
生成单元61在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲时，生成信道预留信息；发送单元62在第一时刻发送信道预留信息，信道预留信息用于指示基站从第二时刻开始占用非授权频谱信道，以使得接收到信道预留信息的站点在第二时刻后处于退避状态，第二时刻晚于第一时刻。数据传输单元63在第二时刻，通过非授权频谱信道进行数据传输。
本发明实施例的基站60在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲时，生成并发送信道预留信息，以使得接收到该信道预留信息的站点在基站60占用该非授权频谱信道进行数据传输时保证处于退避状态，从而能够提高蜂窝系统基站60竞争并使用非授权频谱信道的机会，提升用户通信速率以及用户体验。
基站60在需要竞争非授权频谱信道资源时，需要遵循无线局域网系统的频谱礼仪，对非授权频谱信道进行监听，在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲并且该信道在一定时间内均保持空闲，则竞争该信道的使用权。其中，为了避免基站60与其他竞争非授权频谱信道的基站60和WiFi站点同时竞争到信道使用权而发生信号碰撞，导致数据传输失败，802.11协议所遵循的载波侦听多点接入/冲突避免(CSMA/CA,Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance)的共享信道竞争机制同样可以应用在竞争非授权频谱信道的基站60。
具体地，基站60首先利用载波侦听技术判断非授权频谱信道是“空闲状态”还是“忙碌状态”。如果是空闲状态，则生成一个随机数N，而后开始倒计时N个时隙(slot)单元；如果是忙碌状态，则保持静默。当基站60倒计时N个时隙单元结束的时候，如果信道仍然是空闲状态，则发起后续的竞争过程。
可选地，作为一个实施例，信道预留信息包括携带第一时刻与第二时刻之间的时长信息的第一字段，生成单元61具体用于：根据基站60的子帧定时，确定第一时刻所在子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻为第二时刻；将第一时刻与第二时刻之间的时长信息写入信道预留信息中的第一字段，以便于接收到信道预留信息的站点根据站点当前的网络配置向量NAV在第一时刻与第二时刻之间竞争非授权频谱信道。
基站60在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲时，生成信道预留信息。其中信道预留信息用于通知基站60周边接收到该信道预留信息的其他站点，该基站60将在第二时刻开始占用该非授权频谱信道进行数据传输。基站60发送 该信道预留信息的时刻可以定为第一时刻，也就是说，在第一时刻到第二时刻之间的时间段内，该非授权频谱信道仍然可以被竞争和使用。
基站60生成信道预留信息的具体过程可以包括：首先，基站60根据其子帧定时，确定当前时刻所在的子帧，并确定该子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻为第二时刻，即确定基站60能够真正开始占用非授权频谱信道进行数据传输的时刻。其次，基站60可以确定发送该信道预留信息的时刻(第一时刻)到第二时刻之间的时间段的长度(time duration)。该时间段的长度信息可以由信道预留信息中的某个字段(例如第一字段)承载。
由于信息在空中传输的时间可以忽略不计，因此该基站60周围的站点接收到该信道预留信息的时刻可以认为仍是第一时刻。接收站点解析该信道预留信息，读取其中第一字段中承载的时长，从而可以根据该时长更新其定时器，使得该站点在第二时刻之后保证处于退避状态。其中，在第二时刻之后保证处于退避状态可以包括两种情况：一、如果站点在第一时刻到第二时刻之间的时间段内成功竞争到该非授权频谱信道的使用权，则需要保证在第二时刻之前完成数据传输，并释放信道；二、如果站点未在第一时刻到第二时刻之间的时间段内未竞争到该非授权频谱信道，则在第二时刻之后保持退避状态，并且继续监听该非授权频谱信道，以便在该基站60完成数据传输释放该新到后能够继续发起竞争。
应理解，信道预留信息可以为现有协议中的信息，也可以是预先约定的专用信息，本发明对此并不限定。可选地，为了兼容现有协议，并使得WLAN系统中的站点在改动最小的情况下识别该信道预留信息，基站60可以采用例如RTS/CTS的机制来进行信道预留。其中，RTS/CTS消息中的Duration/ID字段可以作为上述第一字段，来承载上述第一时刻到第二时刻的时间段的时长信息。
更近一步地，基站60可以利用Duration/ID字段中的预留字段来表示上述第一时刻到第二时刻的时间段的时长信息。并且在基站60和站点两端将该预留字段预定义为：在其承载的时长内站点可以竞争信道使用权。对于无法理解该预留字段的站点，则默认其承载的时长内也不竞争信道使用权，并且在该时间段结束后，由于基站60开始进行数据传输，站点检测到信道繁忙则继续处于退避状态。
可选地，作为一个实施例，信道预留信息包括携带第一时刻与第三时刻 之间的时长信息的第一字段，生成单元61具体用于:确定基站60通过非授权频谱信道完成数据传输的第三时刻；将第一时刻与第三时刻之间的时长信息写入信道预留信息中的第一字段，以便于接收到信道预留信息的站点在第一时刻与第三时刻之间处于退避状态。
基站60在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲时，生成信道预留信息。与前述实施例不同，基站60也可以在信道预留信息中的第一字段中填充从基站60竞争到该信道使用权到使用该信道完成其数据传输的整个时间段的时长。设定基站60完成其数据传输的时刻为第三时刻。那么，第一字段承载的时长为第一时刻到第三时刻的时间段的长度。
由于信息在空中传输的时间可以忽略不计，因此该基站60周围的站点接收到该信道预留信息的时刻可以认为仍是第一时刻。接收站点解析该信道预留信息，读取其中第一字段中承载的时长，从而可以根据该时长更新其定时器，使得该站点在第一时刻到第三时刻间的时间段内都处于退避状态。
应理解，信道预留信息可以为现有协议中的信息，也可以是预先约定的专用信息，本发明对此并不限定。可选地，为了兼容现有协议，并使得WLAN系统中的站点在改动最小的情况下识别该信道预留信息，基站60可以采用例如RTS/CTS的机制来进行信道预留。其中，RTS/CTS消息中的Duration/ID字段可以作为上述第一字段，来承载上述第一时刻到第三时刻的时间段的时长信息。
还应理解，在当前实施例中，由于接收站点无法获知预留时间段的信息，即第一时刻到第二时刻之间的时间段的信息，因而无法在仅接收到该信道预留信息的情况下利用预留时间段竞争该非授权频谱信道。对于这种情况，可以通过基站60进一步发送另一指示信息，将第二时刻或者第一时刻到第二时刻之间的时长信息通知给站点，以便于站点能够在预留时间段内发起竞争。
可选地，作为一个实施例，基站60发送信道预留信息之后，生成单元61还用于：生成携带有第二时刻，或者第一时刻与第二时刻之间的时长信息的指示信息，其中第二时刻为第一时刻所在子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻；发送指示信息，以使得接收到指示信息的站点根据站点当前的网络配置向量NAV在第一时刻与第二时刻之间竞争非授权频谱信道，并且在第二时刻后处于退避状态。
具体地，当接收站点获知第二时刻，或者第一时刻到第二时刻之间的时长信息时，可以认为该时间段内可以竞争信道。因而需要通过检测确定信道空闲，并且确定当前的NAV归0，并且还需要确定NAV归0的时刻到第二时刻之间的时长是否足够进行一次传输，以上条件都满足则可以使用该信道进行数据传输，在第二时刻之间完成数据传输并释放信道，进入退避状态。
可选地，作为一个实施例，信道预留信息还包括携带基站60的地址信息的第二字段，其中第二字段用于指示信道预留信息源自蜂窝系统的基站60。
基站60生成的信道预留信息除了包含上述实施例中的承载时长的字段，还可以包括用于携带基站60地址信息的字段。该地址信息可以为蜂窝系统的专属地址值，以便WLAN系统的其他站点能够将发送该信道预留信息的基站60与WLAN的站点区分。并且为了使得站点能够识别该地址信息，该地址信息可以是符合WLAN站点地址格式的专属地址值。例如，可以利用WLAN系统中未定义的地址值。
本发明实施例的基站60在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲时，生成并发送信道预留信息，以使得接收到该信道预留信息的站点在基站60占用该非授权频谱信道进行数据传输时保证处于退避状态，从而能够提高蜂窝系统基站60竞争并使用非授权频谱信道的机会，提升用户通信速率以及用户体验。并且，通过信道预留信息，接收站点可以获知基站60真正占用非授权频谱信道进行数据传输之前的预留时段，从而可以在该预留时段内竞争该信道使用权，能够提高频谱利用率，从而降低基站60竞争非授权频谱信道对于WLAN系统造成的影响。
图7是本发明一个实施例的站点的示意框图。图7所示的站点70可以为WiFi系统中的站点(STA/AP)或支持非授权频谱的基站，站点70包括接收单元71、信道竞争单元72和退避单元73。
接收单元71在第一时刻通过非授权频谱信道接收基站发送的信道预留信息，其中信道预留信息用于指示基站从第二时刻开始占用非授权频谱信道，第二时刻晚于第一时刻；信道竞争单元72根据信道预留信息和站点70当前的网络配置向量NAV在第一时刻与第二时刻之间竞争非授权频谱信道；退避单元73在第二时刻后使得站点70处于退避状态。
本发明实施例的基站在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲时，生成并发送信道 预留信息，以使得接收到该信道预留信息的站点70在基站占用该非授权频谱信道进行数据传输时保证处于退避状态，从而能够提高蜂窝系统基站竞争并使用非授权频谱信道的机会，提升用户通信速率以及用户体验。
基站在需要竞争非授权频谱信道资源时，需要遵循无线局域网系统的频谱礼仪，对非授权频谱信道进行监听，在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲并且该信道在一定时间内均保持空闲，则竞争该信道的使用权。其中，为了避免基站与其他竞争非授权频谱信道的基站和WiFi站点70同时竞争到信道使用权而发生信号碰撞，导致数据传输失败，802.11协议所遵循的载波侦听多点接入/冲突避免(CSMA/CA,Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance)的共享信道竞争机制同样可以应用在竞争非授权频谱信道的基站。
具体地，基站首先利用载波侦听技术判断非授权频谱信道是“空闲状态”还是“忙碌状态”。如果是空闲状态，则生成一个随机数N，而后开始倒计时N个时隙(slot)单元；如果是忙碌状态，则保持静默。当基站倒计时N个时隙单元结束的时候，如果信道仍然是空闲状态，则发起后续的竞争过程。
可选地，作为一个实施例，信道预留信息包括携带第一时刻与第二时刻之间的时长信息的第一字段，其中第二时刻为基站根据基站的子帧定时确定的第一时刻所在子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻。
基站在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲时，生成信道预留信息。其中信道预留信息用于通知基站周边接收到该信道预留信息的站点70，该基站将在第二时刻开始占用该非授权频谱信道进行数据传输。基站发送该信道预留信息的时刻可以定为第一时刻，也就是说，在第一时刻到第二时刻之间的时间段内，该非授权频谱信道仍然可以被竞争和使用。
基站生成信道预留信息的具体过程可以包括：首先，基站根据其子帧定时，确定当前时刻所在的子帧，并确定该子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻为第二时刻，即确定基站能够真正开始占用非授权频谱信道进行数据传输的时刻。其次，基站可以确定发送该信道预留信息的时刻(第一时刻)到第二时刻之间的时间段的长度(time duration)。该时间段的长度信息可以由信道预留信息中的某个字段(例如第一字段)承载。
应理解，信道预留信息可以为现有协议中的信息，也可以是预先约定的专用信息，本发明对此并不限定。可选地，为了兼容现有协议，并使得WLAN 系统中的站点70在改动最小的情况下识别该信道预留信息，基站可以采用例如RTS/CTS的机制来进行信道预留。其中，RTS/CTS消息中的Duration/ID字段可以作为上述第一字段，来承载上述第一时刻到第二时刻的时间段的时长信息。
更近一步地，基站可以利用Duration/ID字段中的预留字段来表示上述第一时刻到第二时刻的时间段的时长信息。并且在基站和站点70两端将该预留字段预定义为：在其承载的时长内站点70可以竞争信道使用权。对于无法理解该预留字段的站点70，则默认其承载的时长内也不竞争信道使用权，并且在该时间段结束后，由于基站开始进行数据传输，站点70检测到信道繁忙则继续处于退避状态。
可选地，作为一个实施例，站点70还包括数据传输单元，信道竞争单元72具体用于：在第一时刻与第二时刻之间，当站点70的NAV计时器归0时，竞争非授权频谱信道；通过非授权频谱信道进行数据传输，并且通过退避单元73，在第二时刻之前释放非授权频谱信道，即处于退避状态。
由于信息在空中传输的时间可以忽略不计，因此该基站周围的站点70接收到该信道预留信息的时刻可以认为仍是第一时刻。接收站点70解析该信道预留信息，读取其中第一字段中承载的时间段的时长，可以认为该时间段内可以竞争信道。因而需要通过检测确定信道空闲，并且确定当前的NAV归0，并且还需要确定NAV归0的时刻到第二时刻之间的时长是否足够进行一次传输，以上条件都满足则可以使用该信道进行数据传输，在第二时刻之间完成数据传输并释放信道，进入退避状态。
可选地，作为一个实施例，信道预留信息包括携带第一时刻与第三时刻之间的时长信息的第一字段，其中第三时刻为基站占用非授权频谱信道完成数据传输的时刻。
基站在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲时，生成信道预留信息。与前述实施例不同，基站也可以在信道预留信息中的第一字段中填充从基站竞争到该信道使用权到使用该信道完成其数据传输的整个时间段的时长。设定基站完成其数据传输的时刻为第三时刻。那么，第一字段承载的时长为第一时刻到第三时刻的时间段的长度。
由于信息在空中传输的时间可以忽略不计，因此该基站周围的站点70接收到该信道预留信息的时刻可以认为仍是第一时刻。接收站点70解析该 信道预留信息，读取其中第一字段中承载的时长，从而可以根据该时长更新其定时器，使得该站点70在第一时刻到第三时刻间的时间段内都处于退避状态。
应理解，信道预留信息可以为现有协议中的信息，也可以是预先约定的专用信息，本发明对此并不限定。可选地，为了兼容现有协议，并使得WLAN系统中的站点70在改动最小的情况下识别该信道预留信息，基站可以采用例如RTS/CTS的机制来进行信道预留。其中，RTS/CTS消息中的Duration/ID字段可以作为上述第一字段，来承载上述第一时刻到第三时刻的时间段的时长信息。
可选地，作为一个实施例，信道预留信息还包括携带基站的地址信息的第二字段，其中第二字段用于指示信道预留信息源自蜂窝系统的基站。
基站生成的信道预留信息除了包含上述实施例中的承载时长的字段，还可以包括用于携带基站地址信息的字段。该地址信息可以为蜂窝系统的专属地址值，以便WLAN系统的其他站点70能够将发送该信道预留信息的基站与WLAN的站点70区分。并且为了使得站点70能够识别该地址信息，该地址信息可以是符合WLAN站点70地址格式的专属地址值。例如，可以利用WLAN系统中未定义的地址值。
可选地，作为一个实施例，接收单元71还用于：接收基站发送的携带有第二时刻，或者第一时刻与第二时刻之间的时长信息的指示信息，其中第二时刻为基站根据基站的子帧定时确定的第一时刻所在子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻；
信道竞争单元72还用于：根据信道预留信息和站点70当前的网络配置向量NAV在第一时刻与第二时刻之间竞争非授权频谱信道，包括：根据信道预留信息的第二字段确定信道预留信息源自蜂窝系统的基站；根据指示信息，在第一时刻与第二时刻之间，当站点70的NAV计时器归0时，竞争非授权频谱信道；通过非授权频谱信道进行数据传输，并且通过退避单元73，在第二时刻之前释放非授权频谱信道，即处于退避状态。
结合上述实施例，在信道预留信息中只包含第一时刻到第三时刻的时间段的时长信息的情况下，接收到该信道预留信息的站点70无法获知预留时间段的信息，即第一时刻到第二时刻之间的时间段的信息，因而无法在仅接收到该信道预留信息的情况下利用预留时间段竞争该非授权频谱信道。对于 这种情况，可以通过基站进一步发送另一指示信息，将第二时刻或者第一时刻到第二时刻之间的时长信息通知给站点70，以便于站点70能够在预留时间段内发起竞争。具体地，当接收站点70获知第二时刻，或者第一时刻到第二时刻之间的时长信息时，可以认为该时间段内可以竞争信道。因而需要通过检测确定信道空闲，并且确定当前的NAV归0，并且还需要确定NAV归0的时刻到第二时刻之间的时长是否足够进行一次传输，以上条件都满足则可以使用该信道进行数据传输，在第二时刻之间完成数据传输并释放信道，进入退避状态。
本发明实施例的基站在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲时，生成并发送信道预留信息，以使得接收到该信道预留信息的站点70在基站占用该非授权频谱信道进行数据传输时保证处于退避状态，从而能够提高蜂窝系统基站竞争并使用非授权频谱信道的机会，提升用户通信速率以及用户体验。并且，通过信道预留信息，接收站点70可以获知基站真正占用非授权频谱信道进行数据传输之前的预留时段，从而可以在该预留时段内竞争该信道使用权，能够提高频谱利用率，从而降低基站竞争非授权频谱信道对于WLAN系统造成的影响。
图8是本发明另一实施例的基站的示意框图。图8的基站80包括存储器81、处理器82、发射电路83和天线84。
存储器81用于存储使得处理器82执行以下操作的指令：在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲时，生成信道预留信息；通过发射电路83在第一时刻发送信道预留信息，信道预留信息用于指示基站80从第二时刻开始占用非授权频谱信道，以使得接收到信道预留信息的站点在第二时刻后处于退避状态，第二时刻晚于第一时刻；在第二时刻，通过非授权频谱信道进行数据传输。
本发明实施例的基站在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲时，生成并发送信道预留信息，以使得接收到该信道预留信息的站点在基站占用该非授权频谱信道进行数据传输时保证处于退避状态，从而能够提高蜂窝系统基站竞争并使用非授权频谱信道的机会，提升用户通信速率以及用户体验。
基站80在需要竞争非授权频谱信道资源时，需要遵循无线局域网系统的频谱礼仪，对非授权频谱信道进行监听，在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲并且该信道在一定时间内均保持空闲，则竞争该信道的使用权。其中，为了避免基站80与其他竞争非授权频谱信道的基站80和WiFi站点同时竞争到信 道使用权而发生信号碰撞，导致数据传输失败，802.11协议所遵循的载波侦听多点接入/冲突避免(CSMA/CA,Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance)的共享信道竞争机制同样可以应用在竞争非授权频谱信道的基站80。
具体地，基站80首先利用载波侦听技术判断非授权频谱信道是“空闲状态”还是“忙碌状态”。如果是空闲状态，则生成一个随机数N，而后开始倒计时N个时隙(slot)单元；如果是忙碌状态，则保持静默。当基站80倒计时N个时隙单元结束的时候，如果信道仍然是空闲状态，则发起后续的竞争过程。
此外，基站80还可以包括接收电路85等。处理器82控制基站80的操作，处理器82还可以称为CPU(Central Processing Unit，中央处理单元)。存储器81可以包括只读存储器和随机存取存储器，并向处理器82提供指令和数据。存储器81的一部分还可以包括非易失性随机存取存储器(NVRAM)。具体的应用中，发射电路83和接收电路85可以耦合到天线84。基站80的各个组件通过总线系统86耦合在一起，其中总线系统86除包括数据总线之外，还可以包括电源总线、控制总线和状态信号总线等。但是为了清楚说明起见，在图中将各种总线都标为总线系统86。
上述本发明实施例揭示的方法可以应用于处理器82中，或者由处理器82实现。处理器82可能是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法的各步骤可以通过处理器82中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器82可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本发明实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本发明实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器81，处理器82读取存储器81中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。
可选地，作为一个实施例，信道预留信息包括携带第一时刻与第二时刻 之间的时长信息的第一字段，处理器82生成信道预留信息，包括：根据基站的子帧定时，确定第一时刻所在子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻为第二时刻；将第一时刻与第二时刻之间的时长信息写入信道预留信息中的第一字段，以便于接收到信道预留信息的站点根据站点当前的网络配置向量NAV在第一时刻与第二时刻之间竞争非授权频谱信道。
可选地，作为一个实施例，信道预留信息包括携带第一时刻与第三时刻之间的时长信息的第一字段，处理器82生成信道预留信息，包括:确定基站通过非授权频谱信道完成数据传输的第三时刻；将第一时刻与第三时刻之间的时长信息写入信道预留信息中的第一字段，以便于接收到信道预留信息的站点在第一时刻与第三时刻之间处于退避状态。
可选地，作为一个实施例，基站在第一时刻通过发射电路83发送信道预留信息之后，还包括：处理器82根据基站的子帧定时，确定第一时刻所在子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻为第二时刻；生成携带有第二时刻，或者第一时刻与第二时刻之间的时长信息的指示信息；通过发射电路83发送指示信息，以使得接收到指示信息的站点根据站点当前的网络配置向量NAV在第一时刻与第二时刻之间竞争非授权频谱信道，并且在第二时刻后处于退避状态。
可选地，作为一个实施例，信道预留信息还包括携带基站的地址信息的第二字段，其中第二字段用于指示信道预留信息源自蜂窝系统的基站。
本发明实施例的基站在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲时，生成并发送信道预留信息，以使得接收到该信道预留信息的站点在基站占用该非授权频谱信道进行数据传输时保证处于退避状态，从而能够提高蜂窝系统基站竞争并使用非授权频谱信道的机会，提升用户通信速率以及用户体验。并且，通过信道预留信息，接收站点可以获知基站真正占用非授权频谱信道进行数据传输之前的预留时段，从而可以在该预留时段内竞争该信道使用权，能够提高频谱利用率，从而降低基站竞争非授权频谱信道对于WLAN系统造成的影响。
图9是本发明另一实施例的站点的示意框图。图9的站点90可以是WiFi系统中的站点(STA/AP)或支持非授权频谱的基站。该站点90包括处理器91和存储器92。处理器91和存储器92通过总线系统93相连。
存储器92用于存储使得处理器91执行以下操作的指令：在第一时刻通过非授权频谱信道接收到基站发送的信道预留信息，其中信道预留信息用于 指示基站从第二时刻开始占用非授权频谱信道，第二时刻晚于第一时刻；根据信道预留信息和站点当前的网络配置向量NAV在第一时刻与第二时刻之间竞争非授权频谱信道；在第二时刻后处于退避状态。
本发明实施例的基站在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲时，生成并发送信道预留信息，以使得接收到该信道预留信息的站点在基站占用该非授权频谱信道进行数据传输时保证处于退避状态，从而能够提高蜂窝系统基站竞争并使用非授权频谱信道的机会，提升用户通信速率以及用户体验。
基站在需要竞争非授权频谱信道资源时，需要遵循无线局域网系统的频谱礼仪，对非授权频谱信道进行监听，在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲并且该信道在一定时间内均保持空闲，则竞争该信道的使用权。其中，为了避免基站与其他竞争非授权频谱信道的基站和WiFi站点同时竞争到信道使用权而发生信号碰撞，导致数据传输失败，802.11协议所遵循的载波侦听多点接入/冲突避免(CSMA/CA,Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance)的共享信道竞争机制同样可以应用在竞争非授权频谱信道的基站。
具体地，基站首先利用载波侦听技术判断非授权频谱信道是“空闲状态”还是“忙碌状态”。如果是空闲状态，则生成一个随机数N，而后开始倒计时N个时隙(slot)单元；如果是忙碌状态，则保持静默。当基站倒计时N个时隙单元结束的时候，如果信道仍然是空闲状态，则发起后续的竞争过程。
此外，站点90还可以包括发射电路94、接收电路95及天线96等。处理器91控制站点90的操作，处理器91还可以称为CPU(Central Processing Unit，中央处理单元)。存储器92可以包括只读存储器和随机存取存储器，并向处理器91提供指令和数据。存储器92的一部分还可以包括非易失性随机存取存储器(NVRAM)。具体的应用中，发射电路94和接收电路95可以耦合到天线96。站点90的各个组件通过总线系统93耦合在一起，其中总线系统93除包括数据总线之外，还可以包括电源总线、控制总线和状态信号总线等。但是为了清楚说明起见，在图中将各种总线都标为总线系统93。
上述本发明实施例揭示的方法可以应用于处理器91中，或者由处理器91实现。处理器91可能是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法的各步骤可以通过处理器91中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器91可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(FPGA)或者 其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本发明实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本发明实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器92，处理器91读取存储器92中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。
可选地，作为一个实施例，信道预留信息包括携带第一时刻与第二时刻之间的时长信息的第一字段，其中第二时刻为基站根据基站的子帧定时确定的第一时刻所在子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻。
可选地，作为一个实施例，站点90根据信道预留信息和站点90当前的网络配置向量NAV在第一时刻与第二时刻之间竞争非授权频谱信道，包括：在第一时刻与第二时刻之间，当站点90的NAV计时器归0时，竞争非授权频谱信道；通过非授权频谱信道进行数据传输，并且在第二时刻之前释放非授权频谱信道，即处于退避状态。
可选地，作为一个实施例，信道预留信息包括携带第一时刻与第三时刻之间的时长信息的第一字段，其中第三时刻为基站占用非授权频谱信道完成数据传输的时刻。
可选地，作为一个实施例，信道预留信息还包括携带基站的地址信息的第二字段，其中第二字段用于指示信道预留信息源自蜂窝系统的基站。
可选地，作为一个实施例，站点90在第一时刻接收到基站发送的信道预留信息之后，还包括：接收基站发送的携带有第二时刻，或者第一时刻与第二时刻之间的时长信息的指示信息，其中第二时刻为基站根据基站的子帧定时确定的第一时刻所在子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻；站点90根据信道预留信息和站点90当前的网络配置向量NAV在第一时刻与第二时刻之间竞争非授权频谱信道，包括：根据信道预留信息的第二字段确定信道预留信息源自蜂窝系统的基站；根据指示信息，在第一时刻与第二时刻之间，当站点90的NAV计时器归0时，竞争非授权频谱信道；通过非授权频谱信道进行数据传输，并且在第二时刻之前释放非授权频谱信道，即处于退避状态。
本发明实施例的基站在检测到非授权频谱信道空闲时，生成并发送信道 预留信息，以使得接收到该信道预留信息的站点在基站占用该非授权频谱信道进行数据传输时保证处于退避状态，从而能够提高蜂窝系统基站竞争并使用非授权频谱信道的机会，提升用户通信速率以及用户体验。并且，通过信道预留信息，接收站点可以获知基站真正占用非授权频谱信道进行数据传输之前的预留时段，从而可以在该预留时段内竞争该信道使用权，能够提高频谱利用率，从而降低基站竞争非授权频谱信道对于WLAN系统造成的影响。
应理解，本文中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
应理解，在本发明的各种实施例中，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本发明实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本发明的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或 者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本发明各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本发明各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (26)

  1. 一种数据传输方法，其特征在于，包括：
    在满足信道预留条件时，基站在第一时刻发送信道预留通知，所述信道预留通知用于指示所述基站在第二时刻开始占用非授权频谱信道，所述第二时刻晚于所述第一时刻；
    所述基站在所述第二时刻开始通过所述非授权频谱信道进行数据传输。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述信道预留通知携带预留时段的时长信息和所述第二时刻。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基站在第一时刻发送信道预留通知之前，还包括：
    确定预留时段的时长信息，所述预留时段为所述第一时刻与所述基站完成所述数据传输的第三时刻之间的时段；
    根据所述基站的子帧定时，确定所述第一时刻所在子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻为所述第二时刻；
    根据所述预留时段的时长信息和所述第二时刻生成所述信道预留通知，以使得接收到所述信道预留通知的站点根据所述站点当前的网络配置向量NAV在所述第一时刻与所述第二时刻之间竞争所述非授权频谱信道，并且在所述第二时刻之后处于退避状态。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述信道预留通知携带所述第一时刻与所述第二时刻之间的时段的时长信息或者所述第二时刻。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基站在第一时刻发送信道预留通知之前，还包括：
    根据所述基站的子帧定时，确定所述第一时刻所在子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻为所述第二时刻；
    根据所述第二时刻，生成所述信道预留通知，以使得接收到所述信道预留通知的站点根据所述站点当前的网络配置向量NAV在所述第一时刻与所 述第二时刻之间竞争所述非授权频谱信道，并且在所述第二时刻之后处于退避状态。
  6. 根据权利要求2或4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述信道预留通知还携带所述基站的地址信息，其中所述基站的地址信息用于指示所述信道预留通知源自蜂窝系统的基站。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述信道预留条件包括：检测到所述非授权频谱信道空闲，并且在随机退避后所述非授权频谱信道仍然空闲。
  8. 一种数据传输方法，其特征在于，包括：
    站点在第一时刻通过非授权频谱信道接收基站发送的信道预留通知，所述信道预留通知用于指示所述基站在第二时刻开始占用所述非授权频谱信道进行数据传输，所述第二时刻晚于所述第一时刻；
    所述站点确定所述第二时刻为信道预留的开始时刻。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述信道预留通知携带预留时段的时长信息和所述第二时刻，其中所述第二时刻为所述基站根据所述基站的子帧定时确定的所述第一时刻所在子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻，所述预留时段的时长信息为所述第一时刻与所述基站完成所述数据传输的第三时刻之间的时长信息。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述信道预留通知携带所述第一时刻与所述第二时刻之间的时段的时长信息或者所述第二时刻，其中所述第二时刻为所述基站根据所述基站的子帧定时确定的所述第一时刻所在子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻。
  11. 根据权利要求9或10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述站点确定所述第二时刻为信道预留的开始时刻之后，还包括：
    根据所述信道预留通知和所述站点当前的网络配置向量NAV在所述第 一时刻与所述第二时刻之间竞争所述非授权频谱信道；
    在所述第二时刻后处于退避状态，以便于所述基站在所述第二时刻后占用所述非授权频谱信道进行所述数据传输。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述信道预留信息和所述站点当前的网络配置向量NAV在所述第一时刻与所述第二时刻之间竞争所述非授权频谱信道，包括：
    在所述第一时刻与所述第二时刻之间，当所述站点的NAV计时器归0时，竞争所述非授权频谱信道；
    通过所述非授权频谱信道进行数据传输，并且在所述第二时刻之前释放所述非授权频谱信道，即处于退避状态。
  13. 根据权利要求9或10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述信道预留信息还携带所述基站的地址信息，其中所述基站的地址信息用于指示所述信道预留信息源自蜂窝系统的基站。
  14. 一种基站，其特征在于，包括：
    发送单元，用于在满足信道预留条件时，在第一时刻发送信道预留通知，所述信道预留通知用于指示所述基站在第二时刻开始占用非授权频谱信道，所述第二时刻晚于所述第一时刻；
    传输单元，用于在所述第二时刻开始通过所述非授权频谱信道进行数据传输。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的基站，其特征在于，所述信道预留通知携带预留时段的时长信息和所述第二时刻。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的基站，其特征在于，所述基站还包括确定单元和生成单元，所述确定单元用于：
    确定预留时段的时长信息，所述预留时段为所述第一时刻与所述基站完成所述数据传输的第三时刻之间的时段；
    根据所述基站的子帧定时，确定所述第一时刻所在子帧的下一子帧的起 始时刻为所述第二时刻；
    所述生成单元用于，根据所述预留时段的时长信息和所述第二时刻生成所述信道预留通知，以使得接收到所述信道预留通知的站点根据所述站点当前的网络配置向量NAV在所述第一时刻与所述第二时刻之间竞争所述非授权频谱信道，并且在所述第二时刻之后处于退避状态。
  17. 根据权利要求14所述的基站，其特征在于，所述信道预留通知携带所述第一时刻与所述第二时刻之间的时段的时长信息或者所述第二时刻。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的基站，其特征在于，所述基站还包括确定单元和生成单元，
    所述确定单元用于，根据所述基站的子帧定时，确定所述第一时刻所在子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻为所述第二时刻；
    所述生成单元用于，根据所述第二时刻，生成所述信道预留通知，以使得接收到所述信道预留通知的站点根据所述站点当前的网络配置向量NAV在所述第一时刻与所述第二时刻之间竞争所述非授权频谱信道，并且在所述第二时刻之后处于退避状态。
  19. 根据权利要求15或17所述的基站，其特征在于，所述信道预留通知还携带所述基站的地址信息，其中所述基站的地址信息用于指示所述信道预留通知源自蜂窝系统的基站。
  20. 根据权利要求14-19任一项所述的基站，其特征在于，所述信道预留条件包括：检测到所述非授权频谱信道空闲，并且在随机退避后所述非授权频谱信道仍然空闲。
  21. 一种站点，其特征在于，包括：
    接收单元，用于在第一时刻通过非授权频谱信道接收基站发送的信道预留通知，所述信道预留通知用于指示所述基站在第二时刻开始占用所述非授权频谱信道进行数据传输，所述第二时刻晚于所述第一时刻；
    确定单元，用于确定所述第二时刻为信道预留的开始时刻。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的站点，其特征在于，所述信道预留通知携带预留时段的时长信息和所述第二时刻，其中所述第二时刻为所述基站根据所述基站的子帧定时确定的所述第一时刻所在子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻，所述预留时段的时长信息为所述第一时刻与所述基站完成所述数据传输的第三时刻之间的时长信息。
  23. 根据权利要求21所述的站点，其特征在于，所述信道预留通知携带所述第一时刻与所述第二时刻之间的时段的时长信息或者所述第二时刻，其中所述第二时刻为所述基站根据所述基站的子帧定时确定的所述第一时刻所在子帧的下一子帧的起始时刻。
  24. 根据权利要求22或23所述的站点，其特征在于，所述站点包括信道竞争单元和退避单元，
    所述信道竞争单元用于，根据所述信道预留通知和所述站点当前的网络配置向量NAV在所述第一时刻与所述第二时刻之间竞争所述非授权频谱信道；
    所述退避单元用于，在所述第二时刻后使得所述站点处于退避状态，以便于所述基站在所述第二时刻后占用所述非授权频谱信道进行所述数据传输。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的站点，其特征在于，所述站点还包括数据传输单元，所述信道竞争单元具体用于：
    在所述第一时刻与所述第二时刻之间，当所述站点的NAV计时器归0时，竞争所述非授权频谱信道；
    所述数据传输单元用于，通过所述非授权频谱信道进行数据传输，并且在所述第二时刻之前释放所述非授权频谱信道，即处于退避状态。
  26. 根据权利要求22或23所述的站点，其特征在于，所述信道预留信息还携带所述基站的地址信息，其中所述基站的地址信息用于指示所述信道预留信息源自蜂窝系统的基站。
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