WO2016078540A1 - 共轨、该共轨的应用、尿素喷射系统及其控制方法 - Google Patents

共轨、该共轨的应用、尿素喷射系统及其控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016078540A1
WO2016078540A1 PCT/CN2015/094452 CN2015094452W WO2016078540A1 WO 2016078540 A1 WO2016078540 A1 WO 2016078540A1 CN 2015094452 W CN2015094452 W CN 2015094452W WO 2016078540 A1 WO2016078540 A1 WO 2016078540A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
common rail
end surface
pressure
urea
injection system
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/094452
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
樊高峰
杨振球
张海涛
吴安舟
管帅
Original Assignee
天纳克（苏州）排放系统有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 天纳克（苏州）排放系统有限公司 filed Critical 天纳克（苏州）排放系统有限公司
Priority to US15/528,413 priority Critical patent/US10634034B2/en
Priority to EP15861709.2A priority patent/EP3228840B8/en
Publication of WO2016078540A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016078540A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
    • F01N2560/06—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being a temperature sensor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1406—Storage means for substances, e.g. tanks or reservoirs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1426—Filtration means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1433—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1433—Pumps
    • F01N2610/144—Control thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1453—Sprayers or atomisers; Arrangement thereof in the exhaust apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/148—Arrangement of sensors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a common rail, the application of the common rail, a urea injection system with the common rail and a control method thereof, in particular to a common rail applied in a high-power engine exhaust gas treatment system, the application of the common rail, A urea injection system having the common rail and a control method therefor.
  • a common rail for use in a urea injection system, the common rail comprising a housing, a pressure detecting device mounted on the housing, and a pressure regulating device;
  • the housing includes an inlet passage, an outlet passage, at least one delivery port connected to the inlet passage, and at least one return port connected to the outlet passage;
  • the pressure detecting device is connected to the inlet passage;
  • the pressure regulating device Connected between the inlet passage and the outlet passage, the pressure regulating device is capable of communicating or interrupting the inlet passage with the outlet passage.
  • the housing is substantially a rectangular parallelepiped, and includes a first end surface, a second end surface, a third end surface, and a fourth end surface, wherein the first end surface is opposite to the second end surface, The third end surface is opposite to the fourth end surface; the inlet passage and the outlet passage extend through the first end surface And/or the second end surface, the conveying port penetrates the third end surface, and the return port penetrates the fourth end surface.
  • the plurality of conveying ports are provided, and the common rail is provided with a conveying joint connected to each conveying port; the plurality of returning ports are provided, and the common rail is provided with each a return joint to which the return port is connected; wherein the number of the return joints is the same as the number of the transfer joints.
  • the conveying joint is spaced between the first end surface and the second end surface, and the reflow joint is also spaced apart from the first end surface and the second end surface. Meanwhile, the conveying joint is opposite to the return joint, and each conveying port is arranged in alignment with a corresponding return port.
  • a urea mass sensor is mounted on at least one of the delivery joints.
  • the inlet passage and the outlet passage are parallel to each other, the conveying joint is perpendicular to the inlet passage, and the return joint is perpendicular to the outlet passage.
  • the common rail includes an inlet joint connected to the inlet passage and an outlet joint connected to the outlet passage.
  • the pressure detecting device is a pressure sensor
  • the pressure sensor is mounted on the second end surface
  • the inlet joint and the outlet joint are mounted on the first end surface and/or the On the second end face.
  • the second end surface is provided with a threaded hole
  • the common rail includes a fixing piece fastened on the outside of the pressure sensor, and the fixing piece is locked with the threaded hole by a bolt
  • the pressure sensor is secured to the housing.
  • the housing further includes a front surface perpendicular to the first, second, third, and fourth end faces and a back surface opposite to the front surface, wherein the front side is four Mounting holes are provided in the corners.
  • the housing further includes a front surface perpendicular to the first, second, third, and fourth end faces and a back surface opposite to the front surface, wherein the front side is four Mounting holes are provided in the corners.
  • the housing further includes a front surface perpendicular to the first, second, third, and fourth end faces and a back surface opposite to the front surface, wherein the back surface is configured to Install the mounting groove of the pressure regulating device.
  • the pressure regulating device is a pressure control valve, and when the pressure sensor detects that the pressure is greater than a set value, the pressure control valve is opened.
  • the invention also relates to the use of the above common rail in a diesel engine exhaust gas treatment system with a power exceeding 500 kW.
  • the present invention also relates to a urea injection system for treating exhaust gas of an engine, the urea injection system comprising a urea tank, a fluid delivery device for extracting the urea solution in the urea tank outward, and the fluid delivery a common rail connected to the apparatus, a nozzle connected to the common rail, an outlet passage connecting the common rail and a return conduit of the urea tank, and a controller, the fluid conveying device including a pump for extracting a urea solution,
  • the common rail is a common rail having the aforementioned structure, wherein the nozzle is provided with a conveying line communicating with the conveying port and a return line communicating with the return port.
  • the number of nozzles is several.
  • the engine is a high power engine with a power exceeding 500 kW.
  • the invention also relates to a control method of the aforementioned urea injection system, comprising the steps of:
  • the pressure detecting device detects a pressure in the inlet passage, sends a detection signal to the controller, and the controller adjusts an opening degree of the pressure adjusting device according to the signal, and sprays the urea
  • the pressure of the system is adjusted to the set pressure.
  • step S2 the following steps are further included:
  • the controller opens the pressure regulating device, the pump rotates in reverse, and draws air in the urea tank into a pipeline of the urea injection system to The urea solution in the line is drained.
  • the common rail of the present invention is provided with an inlet passage for the urea solution to enter and an outlet passage for the urea solution to flow out, and the pressure regulating device can connect the inlet passage and the outlet passage Connected or cut off to adjust the system pressure; in addition, since the outlet passage is integrated in the common rail, the urea solution flowing back from the nozzle is first collected in the common rail, and then returned to the urea through the outlet passage and the return conduit.
  • the present invention is capable of reducing the length of the return conduit as compared to the solution in which each nozzle is directly returned to the urea tank through the return conduit.
  • control of the pressure regulating device in the control method of the urea injection system of the present invention can be very fast
  • the pressure of construction has greatly improved the efficiency and stability of the system.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a urea injection system for engine exhaust gas treatment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of the common rail of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of another angle of Figure 2.
  • Figure 4 is a front elevational view of the common rail of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic rear view of the common rail of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a common rail of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is an exploded perspective view of the common rail of the present invention after the mounting plate is removed.
  • Figure 8 is an exploded perspective view of another angle of Figure 7.
  • Figure 9 is a flow chart showing the control method of the urea injection system of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a perspective view of the exhaust aftertreatment assembly of the present invention, wherein the common rail is mounted on an exhaust pipe.
  • Figure 11 is a perspective view of another angle of Figure 10.
  • Figure 12 is a perspective view of still another angle of Figure 10.
  • Figure 13 is a partially exploded view of the exhaust aftertreatment assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is another exploded view of the exhaust aftertreatment assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is yet another exploded view of the exhaust aftertreatment assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is a plan view of Figure 10.
  • Figure 17 is a right side view of Figure 16.
  • Figure 18 is a left side view of Figure 16.
  • Figure 19 is a front elevational view of Figure 10.
  • Figure 20 is a rear elevational view of Figure 10.
  • the present invention discloses a urea injection system 100 that can be applied to the exhaust gas treatment of the engine 200.
  • the urea injection system 100 includes a urea tank 1, a sensor integrated device 2 connected to the urea tank 1, a filter 3 connected downstream of the sensor integrated device 2, and a urea solution in the urea tank 1.
  • the fluid delivery device 4 includes a pump 42 that extracts a urea solution from the urea tank 1 and a controller 41 that controls the urea injection system 100.
  • Illustrated embodiment of the invention The controller 41 is disposed in the fluid delivery device 4, of course, in other embodiments, the controller 41 may be disposed elsewhere.
  • the engine 200 is a high power diesel engine that typically exceeds 500 kilowatts. Accordingly, it can be understood that the present invention relates to a common rail 5 for use in a high power diesel engine.
  • the nozzle 6 Since the power of the engine 200 is large, in order to achieve good exhaust gas treatment, in the illustrated embodiment of the invention, the nozzle 6 has a plurality of.
  • the nozzle 6 is used to inject a urea solution into the exhaust pipe 201 under the control of the controller 41.
  • the atomized urea solution is decomposed into ammonia gas in the exhaust pipe 201, and the ammonia gas can react with nitrogen oxides in the engine exhaust gas, thereby reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides.
  • the principles of such exhaust gas treatment techniques are well known to those skilled in the art, the invention is not described herein.
  • the common rail 5 is used to regulate the pressure in the urea injection system.
  • the common rail 5 includes a housing 50, a pressure detecting device 51 mounted on the housing 50, and a pressure regulating device 52, an inlet joint 53 connected to the fluid transporting device 4 through a high pressure conduit, and a return flow.
  • the housing 50 is substantially rectangular parallelepiped and includes a first end surface 501, a second end surface 502, a third end surface 503, a fourth end surface 504, a front surface 505, and a back surface 506 opposite the front surface.
  • the first end surface 501 is opposite to the second end surface 502; the third end surface 503 is opposite to the fourth end surface 504; the front surface 505 and the first end surface 501, the second end surface 502, and the The three end faces 503 and the fourth end faces 504 are all perpendicular.
  • the front surface of the front surface 505 is provided with mounting holes 5051. Referring to FIG. 8 and FIG.
  • the back surface 506 is provided with a mounting groove 5061 and a pair of mounting plates 5062 located at two sides of the mounting groove 5061 .
  • the common rail 5 is further provided with a screw 5052 that is locked with the mounting hole 5051 to fix the common rail 5 to the mounting plate 5062.
  • the inlet joint 53 and the outlet joint 54 are mounted on the first end surface 501 and/or the second end surface 502. In the illustrated embodiment of the invention, the inlet fitting 53 and the outlet fitting 54 are mounted on the first end face 501.
  • the second end surface 502 is provided with a threaded hole 5021.
  • the pressure detecting device 51 is a pressure sensor mounted on the second end surface 502 and connected to the inlet passage. 531 connected.
  • the pressure regulating device 52 is a pressure control valve that is mounted within the mounting slot 5061 and between the mounting plates 5062.
  • the mounting plate 5062 can provide protection to the pressure control valve.
  • the pressure control valve is coupled between the inlet passage 531 and the outlet passage 541, and the pressure control valve can communicate or interrupt the inlet passage 531 with the outlet passage 541. For example, when the pressure When the force sensor detects that the pressure in the inlet passage 531 is greater than a set value, the controller 41 opens the pressure control valve to implement a pressure relief function.
  • the common rail 5 of the present invention is very different from the common rail of the existing fuel injection.
  • the common rail 5 used in the urea injection system of the present invention needs to withstand much less pressure than the common rail of the fuel injection.
  • the rectangular casing 50 disclosed in the present invention has good workability. More importantly, this provides a possibility for integrating the exit passage 541 into the common rail 5.
  • the diameter of the inlet passage 531 is greater than the diameter of the outlet passage 541. The reason for this design is that, by scientific analysis, it is found that the pressure required to be received by the inlet passage 531 and the outlet passage 541 is also different.
  • the common rail 5 further includes a fixing piece 58 that is fastened outside the pressure sensor 51.
  • the fixing piece 58 is locked with the screw hole 5031 by a bolt 581 to press the pressure.
  • a sensor 52 is secured to the housing 50.
  • the pressure control valve mounted on the common rail 5 has three functions: first, assisting in establishing pressure in the urea line; second, voltage regulation after pressure establishment; third, stopping in the urea injection system 100 Previously, the air in the urea tank 1 was drawn into the line of the urea injection system by means of the reverse rotation of the pump 42 to evacuate the urea solution in the line.
  • the pressure control valve designed by the present invention skillfully solves such problems.
  • the controller 41 controls the opening of the pressure control valve (for example, causing the pressure control valve to be at a certain fixed opening or varying opening degree) when the system is initially pressured, and the inlet passage 531 is The outlet passage 541 communicates to provide a passage for releasing air in the pipeline to facilitate rapid pressure build-up of the pipeline.
  • the controller will quickly adjust the opening of the pressure control valve, thereby controlling the urea solution.
  • the return flow is used to achieve the purpose of regulating the pressure.
  • the controller 41 opens the pressure control valve, and the pump 42 rotates in the reverse direction to draw the air in the urea tank 1 into the pipeline of the urea injection system. In order to evacuate the urea solution in the pipeline. It should be noted that before the urea injection system 100 is stopped, it means that the controller 41 has received a signal that the system is about to stop, at which time the nozzle 6 has stopped spraying, but the pump 42 is still rotating (for example Reverse). Emptying the urea solution in the pipeline, the purpose of which is to prevent urine The solution freezes and swells and damages the system.
  • the housing 50 further includes the inlet passage 531 connected to the inlet joint 53, the outlet passage 541 connected to the outlet joint 54, and at least one delivery port connected to the inlet passage 531. 55. At least one return port 56 connected to the outlet passage 541.
  • the inlet passage 531 and the outlet passage 541 penetrate the first end surface 501 and/or the second end surface 502. In the illustrated embodiment of the present invention, the inlet passage 531 and the outlet passage 541 both penetrate the first end surface 501.
  • the inlet passage 531 and the outlet passage 541 are parallel to each other for easy processing. In the illustrated embodiment of the present invention, the number of the delivery ports 55 is several.
  • the third end surface 503 is provided with three delivery ports 55 and three delivery joints 551 connected to the delivery ports 55.
  • Each delivery joint 551 is perpendicular to the inlet passage 531.
  • the three conveying joints 551 are spaced apart between the first end surface 501 and the second end surface 502.
  • a urea mass sensor 57 is mounted on the delivery joint 551 adjacent the third end surface 503.
  • the urea mass sensor 57 may also be mounted on any one of the delivery joints 551; or all of the three delivery joints 551 may be mounted with a urea mass sensor 57.
  • the number of the return ports 56 is also three, and three return ports 56 and three return joints 561 connected to the return port 56 are disposed on the fourth end face 504.
  • Each of the return connections 561 is perpendicular to the outlet passage 541.
  • the three reflow joints 561 are also spaced apart between the first end surface 501 and the second end surface 502.
  • the delivery port 55 extends through the third end surface 503
  • the return port 56 extends through the fourth end surface 504 .
  • the number of the reflow joints 561 is the same as the number of the delivery joints 551, but the installation direction is reversed.
  • Each of the delivery ports 55 is aligned with a corresponding return port 56.
  • the nozzles 6 are arranged in three. Each of the nozzles 6 is provided with a delivery line 61 communicating with the delivery port 55 and a return line 62 communicating with the return port 56. In this way, on the one hand, the nozzle 6 can inject a urea solution into the exhaust pipe 201 for chemical reaction; on the other hand, the nozzle 6 can be cooled by a refluxing urea solution. The refluxed urea solution is first collected into the common rail 5 through the return line 62, and then uniformly returned to the urea tank 1 through the return line 300. In the prior art, a scheme of directly introducing the return line 62 into the urea tank 1 is generally employed.
  • the present invention also relates to a control method of the above urea injection system 100, which is included in the control method package. Including the following steps:
  • the pressure detecting device 51 detects the pressure in the inlet passage 531, sends a detection signal to the controller 41, and the controller 41 adjusts the opening degree of the pressure adjusting device 52 according to the signal. Adjusting the pressure of the urea injection system 100 to a set pressure;
  • the controller 41 opens the pressure regulating device 52, and the pump 42 rotates in the reverse direction to draw the air in the urea tank 1 into the urea injection system.
  • the line of 100 is used to evacuate the urea solution in the line.
  • the common rail 5 is mounted to the exhaust pipe 201 to form an exhaust aftertreatment assembly 400.
  • the exhaust gas aftertreatment assembly 400 includes the exhaust pipe 201, a first bracket 71 mounted on the exhaust pipe 201, and the common rail 5 mounted on the first bracket 71, together with the An inlet line 532 and an outlet line 542 to which the rails 5 are connected, a plurality of sensors 8, a wire harness 9 connected to the sensor 8, and a second bracket 72.
  • the inlet line 532, the outlet line 54 and the wire harness 9 are all collected at the second bracket 72 to facilitate connection of the exhaust aftertreatment assembly 400 with other components.
  • the exhaust aftertreatment assembly 400 is further provided with a mounting block 73 between the first bracket 71 and the exhaust pipe 201.
  • the mounting block 73 is welded to the exhaust pipe 201 such that a certain gap 7 is left between the first bracket 71 and the exhaust pipe 201. Since the gap 7 is provided, the high temperature on the exhaust pipe 201 can be reduced to be transmitted to the first bracket 71, thereby affecting the common rail 5.
  • the gap 7 can be filled with insulating cotton.
  • the common rail 5 is welded to the first bracket 71 by a pair of the mounting plates 5062, that is, the common rail 5 and the exhaust pipe 201 are also separated by the first bracket 71 by a certain distance. To further reduce the high temperature effect on the exhaust pipe 201.
  • the second bracket 72 includes a fixing portion 721 welded to the exhaust pipe 201 and a mounting portion 722 at a certain angle with the fixing portion 721 .
  • the fixing portion 721 is perpendicular to the mounting portion 722.
  • the mounting portion 722 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 7221, and the wire harness 9, the inlet conduit 532 and the outlet conduit are all collected into corresponding mounting holes 7221.
  • the fixing portion 722 can also be indirectly mounted on the exhaust pipe 201 by other means.
  • the fixing portion 721 and the mounting portion 722 are integrally formed by bending a single metal plate.
  • the exhaust aftertreatment assembly 400 is further provided with a clamp 91 that separates the harness 9 and a clamp 92 that separates the conduit or conduit.
  • the sensor 8 includes a pressure sensor 81, a temperature sensor 82, a nitrogen oxide sensor 83, and the like connected to the wire harness 9.
  • a pressure sensor 81 a temperature sensor 82
  • a nitrogen oxide sensor 83 a nitrogen oxide sensor 83
  • the type of the sensor 8 can be flexibly selected according to the requirements of the system design, and details are not described herein again.
  • the wire harness 9, the inlet pipe 532 and the outlet pipe 542 are all collected on the mounting portion 722 of the second bracket 72, so that the entire exhaust gas after-treatment assembly 400 has a clear structure and layout. tidy.
  • the installation of the exhaust aftertreatment assembly 400 and other components is greatly facilitated by bringing together the various interfaces.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

一种共轨包括壳体（50）、安装于壳体上的压力检测装置（51）以及压力调节装置（52）。壳体包括进口通道（531）、出口通道（541）、与进口通道（531）相连的至少一个输送口（55）以及与出口通道（541）相连的至少一个回流口（56）。压力检测装置（51）与进口通道（531）相连。压力调节装置（52）被连接在进口通道（531）与出口通道（541）之间，压力调节装置（52）能够将进口通道（531）与出口通道（541）连通或者截断。还公开了一种具有这样的共轨的尿素喷射系统。由于从喷嘴回流的尿素溶液首先汇集在共轨内，然后再通过出口通道以及回流管道一并回流至尿素罐，从而减少了回流管道的长度。还公开了共轨在柴油发动机尾气处理系统中的应用、尿素喷射系统以及尿素喷射系统的控制方法。

Description

共轨、该共轨的应用、尿素喷射系统及其控制方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种共轨、该共轨的应用、具有该共轨的尿素喷射系统及其控制方法，尤其涉及一种应用在大功率发动机尾气处理系统中的共轨、该共轨的应用、具有该共轨的尿素喷射系统及其控制方法。
背景技术
共轨系统在发动机的燃油喷射系统中的应用由来已久。这种燃油喷射的共轨因为需要承受非常高的压力，其结构是非常受限制的。由于圆筒结构相较于其他结构能够承受较高的压力，因此现有燃油喷射的共轨几乎均采用圆筒结构。
随着各国尾气排放标准的越趋严格，对作为尾气处理的尿素喷射系统提出更高的要求。如何控制尿素喷射系统中的压力成为业界普遍存在的技术问题。
另外，特别是针对大功率发动机的尾气处理，其尿素喷射系统的管道往往比较长，压力损失比较大，因此需要提供一种能够稳定系统压力的共轨、该共轨的应用、具有该共轨的尿素喷射系统及其控制方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种能够被用于尿素喷射系统中以稳定系统压力的共轨、该共轨的应用、具有该共轨的尿素喷射系统及其控制方法。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：一种共轨，用于尿素喷射系统中，所述共轨包括壳体、安装在所述壳体上的压力检测装置以及压力调节装置；所述壳体包括进口通道、出口通道、与所述进口通道相连的至少一个输送口以及与所述出口通道相连的至少一个回流口；所述压力检测装置与所述进口通道相连；所述压力调节装置被连接在所述进口通道与所述出口通道之间，所述压力调节装置能够将所述进口通道与所述出口通道连通或者截断。
作为本发明进一步改进的技术方案，所述壳体大致呈长方体，其包括第一端面、第二端面、第三端面以及第四端面，其中所述第一端面与所述第二端面相对设置，所述第三端面与所述第四端面相对设置；所述进口通道与所述出口通道贯穿所述第一端面 及/或第二端面，所述输送口贯穿所述第三端面，所述回流口贯穿所述第四端面。
作为本发明进一步改进的技术方案，所述输送口为若干个，所述共轨设有与每一个输送口相连的输送接头；所述回流口为若干个，所述共轨设有与每一个回流口相连的回流接头；其中所述回流接头的数量与所述输送接头的数量相同。
作为本发明进一步改进的技术方案，所述输送接头间隔分布在所述第一端面与所述第二端面之间，所述回流接头也间隔分布在所述第一端面与所述第二端面之间，所述输送接头与所述回流接头方向相反，且每一个输送口与相应的回流口对齐设置。
作为本发明进一步改进的技术方案，至少一个输送接头上安装有尿素质量传感器。
作为本发明进一步改进的技术方案，所述进口通道与所述出口通道相互平行，所述输送接头垂直于所述进口通道，所述回流接头垂直于所述出口通道。
作为本发明进一步改进的技术方案，所述共轨包括与所述进口通道相连的进口接头以及与所述出口通道相连的出口接头。
作为本发明进一步改进的技术方案，所述压力检测装置为压力传感器，该压力传感器安装于所述第二端面上，所述进口接头与所述出口接头安装于所述第一端面及/或所述第二端面上。
作为本发明进一步改进的技术方案，所述第二端面设有螺纹孔，所述共轨包括扣持在所述压力传感器外部的固定片，所述固定片通过螺栓与所述螺纹孔锁扣以将所述压力传感器固定到所述壳体上。
作为本发明进一步改进的技术方案，所述壳体还包括与所述第一、第二、第三、第四端面均垂直的正面以及与所述正面相对的背面，其中所述正面的四个角落均开有安装孔。
作为本发明进一步改进的技术方案，所述壳体还包括与所述第一、第二、第三、第四端面均垂直的正面以及与所述正面相对的背面，其中所述正面的四个角落均开有安装孔。
作为本发明进一步改进的技术方案，所述壳体还包括与所述第一、第二、第三、第四端面均垂直的正面以及与所述正面相对的背面，其中所述背面设有用以安装所述压力调节装置的安装槽。
作为本发明进一步改进的技术方案，所述压力调节装置为压力控制阀，当所述压力传感器检测到压力大于设定值时，所述压力控制阀打开。
本发明还涉及一种上述共轨在功率超过500千瓦的柴油发动机尾气处理系统中的应用。
本发明还涉及一种尿素喷射系统，用以处理发动机的尾气，所述尿素喷射系统包括尿素罐、用以将所述尿素罐内的尿素溶液向外抽出的流体输送装置、与所述流体输送装置相连的共轨、与所述共轨相连的喷嘴、连接所述共轨的出口通道与所述尿素罐的回流管道以及控制器，所述流体输送装置包括用以抽取尿素溶液的泵，所述共轨为具有前述结构的共轨，其中所述喷嘴设有与所述输送口连通的输送管路以及与所述回流口连通的回流管路。
作为本发明进一步改进的技术方案，所述喷嘴为若干个。
作为本发明进一步改进的技术方案，所述发动机为功率超过500千瓦的大功率发动机。
本发明还涉及前述尿素喷射系统的一种控制方法，其包括如下步骤：
S1：启动尿素喷射系统，所述泵开始工作；所述控制器控制所述压力调节装置打开，以将所述进口通道与所述出口通道连通，所述泵将残余在所述尿素喷射系统的管路中的空气快速排向所述尿素罐；
S2：所述压力检测装置对所述进口通道中的压力进行检测，将检测信号发送给所述控制器，所述控制器根据此信号调节所述压力调节装置的开度，将所述尿素喷射系统的压力调节到设定压力。
作为本发明进一步改进的技术方案，在步骤S2之后还包括如下步骤：
S3：在所述尿素喷射系统停止之前，所述控制器将所述压力调节装置打开，所述泵反向转动，将所述尿素罐中的空气抽入所述尿素喷射系统的管路中以排空所述管路中的尿素溶液。
相较于现有技术，本发明的共轨同时设有用以供尿素溶液进入的进口通道以及用以供尿素溶液流出的出口通道，所述压力调节装置能够将所述进口通道与所述出口通道连通或者截断，以调节系统压力；另外，由于所述出口通道集成在所述共轨中，从喷嘴回流的尿素溶液首先汇集在共轨内，然后再通过出口通道以及回流管道一并回流至尿素罐，相较于每一个喷嘴直接通过回流管道回流至尿素罐的方案，本发明能够减少回流管道的长度。
另外，本发明尿素喷射系统的控制方法中对压力调节装置的控制能够起到非常快速 的建压，极大地提高了系统效率和稳定性。
附图说明
图1是本发明用于发动机尾气处理的尿素喷射系统的原理图。
图2是图1中共轨的立体示意图。
图3是图2另一角度的立体示意图。
图4是本发明共轨的正面示意图。
图5是本发明共轨的背面示意图。
图6是本发明共轨的剖面示意图。
图7是本发明共轨在拆除安装板后的立体分解图。
图8为图7另一角度的立体分解图。
图9为本发明尿素喷射系统的控制方法的流程图。
图10为本发明尾气后处理组件的立体示意图，其中所述共轨被安装在排气管上。
图11为图10另一角度的立体示意图。
图12为图10又一角度的立体示意图。
图13为本发明尾气后处理组件的部分分解图。
图14为本发明尾气后处理组件的另一部分分解图。
图15为本发明尾气后处理组件的又一部分分解图。
图16为图10的俯视图。
图17为图16的右侧示意图。
图18为图16的左侧示意图。
图19为图10的主视图。
图20为图10的后视图。
具体实施方式
请参图1所示，本发明揭示了一种尿素喷射系统100，其能够被应用于发动机200的尾气处理中。所述尿素喷射系统100包括尿素罐1、与所述尿素罐1相连的传感器集成装置2、连接于所述传感器集成装置2下游的过滤器3、用以将所述尿素罐1内的尿素溶液向外抽出的流体输送装置4、与所述流体输送装置4相连的共轨5以及与所述共轨5相连的喷嘴6。所述流体输送装置4包括从所述尿素罐1中抽取尿素溶液的泵42以及用以控制所述尿素喷射系统100的控制器41。在本发明图示的实施方式 中，所述控制器41被设置在所述流体输送装置4内，当然，在其他实施方式中，所述控制器41也可以被设置在其他地方。
所述发动机200为功率一般超过500千瓦的大功率柴油发动机。相应地，可以理解为本发明涉及一种应用于大功率柴油发动机中的共轨5。由于所述发动机200的功率较大，为了实现良好的尾气处理，在本发明图示的实施方式中，所述喷嘴6具有多个。在所述控制器41的控制下，所述喷嘴6用以向排气管201中喷射尿素溶液。经过雾化后的尿素溶液在所述排气管201中被分解成氨气，所述氨气能够与发动机尾气中的氮氧化合物发生反应，从而降低氮氧化合物的排放。鉴于这种尾气处理技术的原理对所述技术领域的技术人员是熟知的，本发明在此不再赘述。
请参图2至图8所示，所述共轨5用以调节尿素喷射系统中的压力。具体地，所述共轨5包括壳体50、安装在所述壳体50上的压力检测装置51以及压力调节装置52、通过高压管道与所述流体传输装置4连接的进口接头53以及通过回流管道300与所述尿素罐1连接的出口接头54。
请参图6所示，所述壳体50大致呈长方体，其包括第一端面501、第二端面502、第三端面503、第四端面504、正面505以及与所述正面相对的背面506。其中，所述第一端面501与所述第二端面502相对设置；所述第三端面503与第四端面504相对设置；所述正面505与所述第一端面501、第二端面502、第三端面503以及第四端面504均垂直。请参图4所示，所述正面505的四个角落均开有安装孔5051。请参图8及图2所示，所述背面506设有安装槽5061及位于所述安装槽5061两侧的一对安装板5062。所述共轨5还设有与所述安装孔5051相锁扣的螺钉5052，以将所述共轨5固定到所述安装板5062上。所述进口接头53与所述出口接头54安装于所述第一端面501及/或所述第二端面502上。在本发明图示的实施方式中，所述进口接头53与所述出口接头54被安装在所述第一端面501上。所述第二端面502上设有螺纹孔5021，在本发明图示的实施方式中，所述压力检测装置51为压力传感器，其被安装在所述第二端面502上并与所述进口通道531连通。在本发明图示的实施方式中，所述压力调节装置52为压力控制阀，其被安装在所述安装槽5061内且位于所述安装板5062之间。如此设置，所述安装板5062对所述压力控制阀能够起到保护作用。从功能上讲，所述压力控制阀被连接在所述进口通道531与所述出口通道541之间，所述压力控制阀能够将所述进口通道531与所述出口通道541连通或者截断。例如，当所述压 力传感器检测到所述进口通道531内的压力大于设定值时，所述控制器41将所述压力控制阀打开，从而实现泄压功能。
请参图6所示，在本发明的共轨5与现有燃油喷射的共轨是非常不同的。首先，经过大量的数据分析，本发明应用在尿素喷射系统中的共轨5所需要承受的压力远小于燃油喷射的共轨。基于这种分析，本发明所揭示的长方形的壳体50具备较好的加工性。更为重要的是，这为将出口通道541集成在所述共轨5中的方案提供了可行性。当然，在本发明图示的实施方式中，所述进口通道531的直径要大于所述出口通道541的直径。这种设计的理由在于，通过科学分析，发现所述进口通道531与所述出口通道541需要承受的压力也是不同的。
请参图7所示，所述共轨5还包括扣持在所述压力传感器51外部的固定片58，所述固定片58通过螺栓581与所述螺纹孔5031锁扣，以将所述压力传感器52固定到所述壳体50上。
安装在所述共轨5上的压力控制阀有三个作用：第一、协助建立尿素管路中的压力；第二、压力建立后的稳压控制；第三、在所述尿素喷射系统100停止之前，借助所述泵42的反向转动，将所述尿素罐1中的空气抽入所述尿素喷射系统的管路中以排空所述管路中的尿素溶液。
具体地，当系统刚开始建立压力时，管路中可能存在大量的空气，而空气的可压缩性容易导致建压失败。本发明所设计的压力控制阀巧妙的解决了此类问题。在系统刚开始建压时，所述控制器41控制打开所述压力控制阀(例如使所述压力控制阀处于某一固定的开度或者变化的开度)，将所述进口通道531与所述出口通道541连通以提供一个通道来释放管路中的空气，便于管路的快速建压。
当系统建压完成后，为了保证所述共轨5中的尿素压力维持在设定的压力附近并基本恒定，所述控制器会快速调节所述压力控制阀的开度，从而通过控制尿素溶液的回流量来达到调节压力的目的。
在所述尿素喷射系统100停止之前，所述控制器41将所述压力控制阀打开，所述泵42反向转动，将所述尿素罐1中的空气抽入所述尿素喷射系统的管路中以排空所述管路中的尿素溶液。需要说明的是：在所述尿素喷射系统100停止之前是指所述控制器41已经接到系统即将停机的信号，此时所述喷嘴6已经停止喷射，但是所述泵42仍然在转动(例如反转)。排空所述管路中的尿素溶液，其目的在于防止因尿 素溶液结冰、膨胀而损坏系统。
请参图6所示，所述壳体50还包括与进口接头53相连的所述进口通道531、与出口接头54相连的所述出口通道541、与所述进口通道531相连的至少一个输送口55、与所述出口通道541相连的至少一个回流口56。所述进口通道531与所述出口通道541贯穿所述第一端面501及/或第二端面502。在本发明图示的实施方式中，所述进口通道531与所述出口通道541均贯穿所述第一端面501。所述进口通道531与所述出口通道541相互平行，便于加工。在本发明图示的实施方式中，所述输送口55为若干个，具体地，所述第三端面503上设有三个输送口55及三个与所述输送口55相连的输送接头551。每个输送接头551均垂直于所述进口通道531。三个所述输送接头551间隔的分布在所述第一端面501与第二端面502之间。在本发明图示的实施方式中，靠近所述第三端面503那个输送接头551上安装有尿素质量传感器57。当然，在其他实施方式中，所述尿素质量传感器57也可以被安装于任何一个输送接头551上；或者也可将三个输送接头551上全部安装有尿素质量传感器57。在本发明图示的实施方式中，所述回流口56也为三个，在所述第四端面504上设置三个回流口56及三个与所述回流口56相连的回流接头561。每个回流接头561均垂直于所述出口通道541。三个所述回流接头561也间隔的分布在所述第一端面501与第二端面502之间。所述输送口55贯穿所述第三端面503，所述回流口56贯穿所述第四端面504。所述回流接头561的数量与所述输送接头551的数量相同，但安装方向相反。每一个输送口55与相应的回流口56对齐设置。
在本发明图示的实施方式中，所述喷嘴6设置为三个。每个喷嘴6设有与所述输送口55连通的输送管路61及与所述回流口56连通的回流管路62。如此设置，一方面，所述喷嘴6能够将尿素溶液喷射至所述排气管201内进行化学反应；另一方面，又能够利用回流的尿素溶液对所述喷嘴6进行冷却。回流的尿素溶液首先通过回流管路62全部汇集到所述共轨5中，然后再通过回流管道300统一回流到所述尿素罐1中。现有技术中，通常采用直接将所述回流管路62引入到所述尿素罐1中的方案，这种方案会使每一个喷嘴6都需要一根独立的回流管路62，成本较高。另外，结合本发明的应用，特别是在大功率发动机的尾气处理系统中，所述尿素罐1与所述喷嘴6之间的管路长度往往较大，现有的这种回流设计不能满足要求。
请参图9所示，本发明还涉及上述尿素喷射系统100的控制方法，该控制方法包 括如下步骤：
S1：启动所述尿素喷射系统100，所述泵42开始工作；所述控制器41控制所述压力调节装置52以固定的开度或者变化的开度打开，将所述进口通道531与所述出口通道541连通；所述泵42将残余在所述尿素喷射系统100的管路中的空气快速排向所述尿素罐1，实现快速建压；
S2：所述压力检测装置51对所述进口通道531中的压力进行检测，将检测信号发送给所述控制器41，所述控制器41根据此信号调节所述压力调节装置52的开度，将所述尿素喷射系统100的压力调节到设定压力；
S3：在所述尿素喷射系统100停止之前，所述控制器41将所述压力调节装置52打开，所述泵42反向转动，将所述尿素罐1中的空气抽入所述尿素喷射系统100的管路中以排空所述管路中的尿素溶液。
请参阅图10至图20所示，在本发明图示的实施方式中，所述共轨5被安装至所述排气管201上以形成一种尾气后处理组件400。所述尾气后处理组件400包括所述排气管201、安装在所述排气管201上的第一支架71、安装在所述第一支架71上的所述共轨5、与所述共轨5相连的进口管路532和出口管路542、多种传感器8、与所述传感器8相连的线束9以及第二支架72。所述进口管路532、所述出口管路54以及所述线束9均汇集到所述第二支架72处，以便于将所述尾气后处理组件400与其他组件进行连接。
所述尾气后处理组件400还设有位于所述第一支架71与所述排气管201之间的安装块73。所述安装块73焊接在所述排气管201上，并使得所述第一支架71与所述排气管201之间留有一定的间隙7。由于设置了所述间隙7，可以降低排气管201上的高温传递到所述第一支架71上，从而影响所述共轨5。优选地，可以在所述间隙7内填充隔热棉。另外，所述共轨5通过一对所述安装板5062被焊接于所述第一支架71上，即所述共轨5与所述排气管201被所述第一支架71也分隔一段距离，以进一步降低排气管201上的高温影响。所述第二支架72包括焊接在所述排气管201上的固定部721以及与所述固定部721呈一定夹角的安装部722。本发明图示实施方式中，所述固定部721垂直于所述安装部722。所述安装部722设有若干安装孔7221，所述线束9、所述进口管路532以及所述出口管路均汇集到对应的安装孔7221内。当然，在其他实施方式中，所述固定部722也可通过其他方式间接安装在所述排气管201上。 在本发明图示的实施方式中，所述固定部721与所述安装部722是由一块金属板整体弯折形成的。在本发明图示的实施方式中，所述尾气后处理组件400还设有将所述线束9隔开的线夹91以及将所述管路或者管道隔开的管夹92。
所述传感器8包括与所述线束9相连的压力传感器81、温度传感器82、氮氧传感器83等。当然，所述传感器8的类型可以根据系统设计的要求灵活选择，在此不再赘述。
综上所述，将所述线束9、所述进口管路532以及所述出口管路542均汇集到所述第二支架72的安装部722上，使得整个尾气后处理组件400结构清楚、布局整洁。另外，通过将各种接口汇集到一起，极大地方便了所述尾气后处理组件400与其他组件的安装。
另外，以上实施例仅用于说明本发明而并非限制本发明所描述的技术方案，对本说明书的理解应该以所属技术领域的技术人员为基础，例如“前后贯穿”指的是在未安装其他零件之前是贯穿的，再例如对“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“上”、“下”等方向性的描述，尽管本说明书参照上述的实施例对本发明已进行了详细的说明，但是，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，所属技术领域的技术人员仍然可以对本发明进行修改或者等同替换，而一切不脱离本发明的精神和范围的技术方案及其改进，均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围内。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种共轨，用于尿素喷射系统中，其特征在于：所述共轨包括壳体、安装在所述壳体上的压力检测装置以及压力调节装置；所述壳体包括用以供尿素溶液进入的进口通道、用以供尿素溶液流出的出口通道、与所述进口通道相连的至少一个输送口以及与所述出口通道相连的至少一个回流口；所述压力检测装置与所述进口通道相连；所述压力调节装置被连接在所述进口通道与所述出口通道之间，所述压力调节装置能够将所述进口通道与所述出口通道连通或者截断。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的共轨，其特征在于：所述壳体大致呈长方体，其包括第一端面、第二端面、第三端面以及第四端面，其中所述第一端面与所述第二端面相对设置，所述第三端面与所述第四端面相对设置；所述进口通道与所述出口通道贯穿所述第一端面及/或第二端面，所述输送口贯穿所述第三端面，所述回流口贯穿所述第四端面。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的共轨，其特征在于：所述输送口为若干个，所述共轨设有与每一个输送口相连的输送接头；所述回流口为若干个，所述共轨设有与每一个回流口相连的回流接头；其中所述回流接头的数量与所述输送接头的数量相同。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的共轨，其特征在于：所述输送接头间隔分布在所述第一端面与所述第二端面之间，所述回流接头也间隔分布在所述第一端面与所述第二端面之间，所述输送接头与所述回流接头方向相反，且每一个输送口与相应的回流口对齐设置。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的共轨，其特征在于：至少一个输送接头上安装有尿素质量传感器。
  6. 如权利要求2所述的共轨，其特征在于：所述进口通道与所述出口通道相互平行，所述输送接头垂直于所述进口通道，所述回流接头垂直于所述出口通道。
  7. 如权利要求2所述的共轨，其特征在于：所述共轨包括与所述进口通道相连的进口接头以及与所述出口通道相连的出口接头。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的共轨，其特征在于：所述压力检测装置为压力传感器，该压力传感器安装于所述第二端面上，所述进口接头与所述出口接头安装于所述第一端面及/或所述第二端面上。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的共轨，其特征在于：所述第二端面设有螺纹孔，所述共轨包括扣持在所述压力传感器外部的固定片，所述固定片通过螺栓与所述螺纹孔锁扣以将所述压力传感器固定到所述壳体上。
  10. 如权利要求2所述的共轨，其特征在于：所述壳体还包括与所述第一、第二、第三、第四端面均垂直的正面以及与所述正面相对的背面，其中所述正面的四个角落均开有安装孔。
  11. 如权利要求2所述的共轨，其特征在于：所述壳体还包括与所述第一、第二、第三、第四端面均垂直的正面以及与所述正面相对的背面，其中所述背面设有用以安装所述压力调节装置的安装槽。
  12. 如权利要求1所述的共轨，其特征在于：所述压力调节装置为压力控制阀，当所述压力传感器检测到压力大于设定值时，所述压力控制阀打开。
  13. 一种共轨在功率超过500千瓦的柴油发动机尾气处理系统中的应用，其特征在于所述共轨为权利要求1至12项中任意一项所述的共轨。
  14. 一种尿素喷射系统，用以处理发动机的尾气，所述尿素喷射系统包括尿素罐、用以将所述尿素罐内的尿素溶液向外抽出的流体输送装置、与所述流体输送装置相连的共轨、与所述共轨相连的喷嘴、连接所述共轨的出口通道与所述尿素罐的回流管道以及控制器，所述流体输送装置包括用以抽取尿素溶液的泵，所述共轨为权利要求1至12项中任意一项所述的共轨，其中所述喷嘴设有与所述输送口连通的输送管路以及与所述回流口连通的回流管路。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的尿素喷射系统，其特征在于：所述喷嘴为若干个。
  16. 如权利要求14所述的尿素喷射系统，其特征在于：所述发动机为功率超过500千瓦的大功率发动机。
  17. 一种如权利要求14所述的尿素喷射系统的控制方法，其包括如下步骤：
    S1：启动尿素喷射系统，所述泵开始工作；所述控制器控制所述压力调节装置打开，以将所述进口通道与所述出口通道连通，所述泵将残余在所述尿素喷射系统的管路中的空气快速排向所述尿素罐；
    S2：所述压力检测装置对所述进口通道中的压力进行检测，将检测信号发送给所述控制器，所述控制器根据此信号调节所述压力调节装置的开度，将所述尿素喷射系统的压力调节到设定压力。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的控制方法，其特征在于：在步骤S2之后还包括如下步骤：
    S3：在所述尿素喷射系统停止之前，所述控制器将所述压力调节装置打开，所述泵反向转动，将所述尿素罐中的空气抽入所述尿素喷射系统的管路中以排空所述管路中的尿素溶液。
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