WO2016065815A1 - 隔套及轮毂单元 - Google Patents

隔套及轮毂单元 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016065815A1
WO2016065815A1 PCT/CN2015/074661 CN2015074661W WO2016065815A1 WO 2016065815 A1 WO2016065815 A1 WO 2016065815A1 CN 2015074661 W CN2015074661 W CN 2015074661W WO 2016065815 A1 WO2016065815 A1 WO 2016065815A1
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Prior art keywords
spacer
hub unit
circumferential array
spacer bush
outer spacer
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PCT/CN2015/074661
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English (en)
French (fr)
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吕继贤
蒲光明
高世阳
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山东浩信机械有限公司
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Publication of WO2016065815A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016065815A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C25/00—Bearings for exclusively rotary movement adjustable for wear or play
    • F16C25/06—Ball or roller bearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B27/00—Hubs
    • B60B27/0078—Hubs characterised by the fixation of bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/54—Systems consisting of a plurality of bearings with rolling friction
    • F16C19/546—Systems with spaced apart rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing
    • F16C19/547—Systems with spaced apart rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing with two angular contact rolling bearings
    • F16C19/548—Systems with spaced apart rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing with two angular contact rolling bearings in O-arrangement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B27/00—Hubs
    • B60B27/001—Hubs with roller-bearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B27/00—Hubs
    • B60B27/02—Hubs adapted to be rotatably arranged on axle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/36—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with a single row of rollers
    • F16C19/364—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with a single row of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/01—Parts of vehicles in general
    • F16C2326/02—Wheel hubs or castors

Definitions

  • the invention claims the priority of the Chinese invention patent application whose application date is October 28, 2014, and the application number is CN201410588005.0, and the name is "seat cover and hub assembly".
  • the present invention relates to the field of vehicle hub technology, and more particularly to a hub unit including a hub body and a rolling bearing, and a spacer for adjusting the clearance of the rolling bearing in the hub unit.
  • the tapered roller bearing requires a rated axial clearance when used, and the clearance is too large, which will involve rolling and inner ring and outer
  • the number of rollers in contact with the ring is too small, resulting in excessive stress and deformation, reducing the service life of the bearing; the clearance is too small, after the bearing is subjected to heavy load, it will roll and heat, causing the inner ring, the outer ring and the roller to be glued and locked. , causing failure. Therefore, when using double row tapered roller bearings, the adjustment of bearing clearance has become a new topic.
  • the traditional tapered roller bearing clearance is adjusted by placing a spacer between the two bearings, and then tightening the nut of the shaft to reach the rated preload, and then retract 1/4 to 1/6 of a turn.
  • the 1/4 turn is about 0.5 mm
  • the 1/6 turn is about 0.33 mm
  • the error is 0.17 mm.
  • the 0.17mm clearance is too large for the axle clearance control, so the extensive adjustment causes more bearing failures and is susceptible to operator experience during assembly, resulting in low assembly quality.
  • One technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a spacer to solve the technical problem that the bearing clearance in the conventional hub unit is difficult to adjust.
  • Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a hub unit using the spacer.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is:
  • a spacer comprising an inner spacer and an outer spacer threaded together, the inner spacer being circumferentially
  • the array has a plurality of radially disposed threaded holes
  • the outer spacer has a plurality of axially extending waist grooves along the circumferential array, and the outer spacer and the inner spacer are disposed corresponding to the threaded holes
  • a locking screw is provided, and the locking screw is constrained to be mounted in the corresponding waist groove.
  • the inner spacer has 2n radially disposed threaded holes in the circumferential array, and the outer spacer has 2m axially extending waist grooves along the circumferential array.
  • the outer spacer is provided with a tapered wedge surface, and the waist groove is disposed on the wedge surface.
  • the locking screw is provided with two, and the two locking screws are oppositely disposed.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is:
  • a hub unit comprising: a hub body; two oppositely disposed tapered roller bearings, wherein the tapered roller bearings are mounted in the hub body, and the two tapered roller bearings are separated by an inner ring
  • the spacer includes an inner spacer and an outer spacer threaded together, the inner spacer having a plurality of radially disposed threaded holes along the circumferential array, the outer spacer being circumferentially arrayed
  • the spacer includes the inner spacer and the outer spacer which are screwed together, the total length of the spacer can be adjusted, adjusted to the required size according to actual needs, and the conventional reaching rating is changed when the hub is installed. After the preloading force, the experience adjustment method of 1/4 to 1/6 circle is retracted, and the specific data can be directly adjusted to the appropriate clearance value, which reduces the dependence on the operator experience when adjusting the bearing clearance in the hub unit. Improve the quality of the assembly.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is an axial view of a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of Figure 2;
  • a spacer sleeve includes an inner spacer 2 and an outer spacer 1 which are screwed together, and the total length of the spacer 8 can be adjusted when the inner spacer 2 and the outer spacer 1 are relatively rotated.
  • the inner spacer 2 has a plurality of radially disposed threaded holes 21 along the circumferential array
  • the outer spacer 1 has a plurality of axially extending waist grooves 12 in the circumferential array.
  • a locking screw 3 is defined between the outer sleeve 1 and the inner spacer 2, and the locking screw 3 is constrained to be mounted in the corresponding waist groove 12. When the locking is tightened, the locking screw 3 is locked. The tip abuts against the outer surface of the outer spacer 1.
  • the outer spacer 1 is provided with a tapered wedge surface 11 on which the waist groove 12 is disposed.
  • the number of the threaded holes 21 in the inner spacer 2 is 2n, and the number of the waist grooves 12 on the outer spacer 1 is 2m, that is, the number of the threaded holes 21 and the waist grooves 12 are even.
  • the outer spacer 1 and the inner spacer 2 can be simultaneously aligned with at least two oppositely disposed holes, and two locking screws 3 are provided to improve the tightness of the locking between the inner spacer 2 and the outer spacer 1.
  • a hub unit includes a hub body 4, and two oppositely disposed tapered roller bearings 5 are disposed in the hub body 4.
  • the tapered roller bearings 5 are sleeved on the shaft tube 7, and the shaft tube 7
  • the upper threaded connecting nut 6 is provided with a spacer 8 between the inner rings of the two bearings 5.
  • the structure of the spacer 8 is the same as that of the first embodiment, and will not be described herein.
  • the axial adjustment pitch index value is calculated according to well-known mathematical principles:
  • the meaning of the index value is that after a set of waist grooves 12 and corresponding threaded holes 21 are aligned, and then rotated to the next set of waist grooves 12 and the corresponding threaded holes 21 are aligned, the outer spacer 1 is opposite to the inner spacer 2 axial movement of 0.0238mm.
  • the hub 4, the shaft tube 7, the bearing 5 and the spacer 8 are assembled, and the rated pre-tightening force is applied to the nut 6.
  • the value of the clearance is measured by the push-pull method, and the actual required clearance value is subtracted. The measured value of the clearance is obtained by the data to be adjusted.
  • the total length of the spacer 8 is adjusted based on the magnitude of the measured value. Remove the locking screw 3, rotate the inner spacer 2 or the outer spacer 1, adjust to the actual required clearance value, and tighten the locking screw 3.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiment, and for example, the number of m and n can be appropriately adjusted according to the accuracy requirement.
  • a fixed length spacer is designed as an inner spacer and an outer spacer, and is screwed together, and the inner spacer has a plurality of radially arranged threaded holes along the circumferential array.
  • the outer spacer has a plurality of axially extending waist grooves along the circumferential array, and the inner spacer and the outer spacer are relatively rotated to make the phase
  • the waist groove is aligned with the corresponding threaded hole and locked, so that the spacer has a certain axial length, which reduces the dependence on the operator's experience when adjusting the bearing clearance of the hub unit, and improves the assembly quality.
  • the operation of adjusting the bearing clearance in the hub unit becomes simple and convenient, and the precision is high, which not only improves the service life of the hub unit, but also improves the assembly efficiency of the hub unit and facilitates daily life. maintain.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Support Of The Bearing (AREA)

Abstract

一种隔套（8），包括螺纹连接在一起的内隔套（2）和外隔套（1），所述内隔套上沿周向阵列有若干个径向设置的螺纹孔（21），所述外隔套上沿周向阵列有若干条轴向延伸的腰形槽（12），所述外隔套与内隔套之间设有与所述螺纹孔相适配的锁紧螺钉（3），所述锁紧螺钉约束安装于相应的所述腰形槽内。还公开一种使用该隔套的轮毂单元。该轮毂单元解决了传统轮毂单元中轴承游隙难以调整的技术问题，使得调整轮毂单元中轴承游隙的作业变得简单方便且精度高，不仅提高了轮毂单元的使用寿命，而且还提高了轮毂单元的装配效率，方便了日常维护。

Description

隔套及轮毂单元
郑重声明
本发明要求了申请日为2014年10月28日、申请号为CN201410588005.0、名称为“隔套及轮毂总成”的中国发明专利申请的优先权。
技术领域
本发明涉及车辆轮毂技术领域，尤其涉及一种包含轮毂本体及滚动轴承的轮毂单元，以及该轮毂单元中用于调整滚动轴承游隙的隔套。
背景技术
随着中国高速公路和汽车物流产业的快速发展，商用车/乘用车的数量越来越多。目前，商用车/乘用车的轮端多采用两列圆锥滚子轴承，圆锥滚子轴承在使用时需要额定的轴向游隙，游隙过大，会使参与滚动并与内圈和外圈接触的滚子的数量过少，导致应力过大而变形，降低轴承使用寿命；游隙过小，轴承在承受重载后，会滚动发热导致内圈、外圈与滚子胶合、抱死，造成失效。所以在使用双列圆锥滚子轴承时，轴承游隙的调整成为了一个新课题。
传统圆锥滚子轴承游隙的调整方式是在两轴承之间设置一隔套，然后拧紧轴头螺母，达到额定预紧力后，回退1/4～1/6圈。例如：轴头螺母的螺距为2mm时，1/4圈大约为0.5mm，1/6圈大约为0.33mm，误差为0.17mm。0.17mm的游隙对车桥游隙控制来说属于过大范围，这样粗放型的调整，造成轴承失效较多，且装配时易受操作者经验的影响，导致装配质量低。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的一个技术问题是：提供一种隔套，以解决传统轮毂单元中轴承游隙难以调整的技术问题。
作为同一种构思，本发明所要解决的另一个技术问题是：提供一种使用所述隔套的轮毂单元。
为解决上述第一个技术问题，本发明的技术方案是：
一种隔套，包括螺纹连接在一起的内隔套和外隔套，所述内隔套上沿周向 阵列有若干个径向设置的螺纹孔，所述外隔套上沿周向阵列有若干条轴向延伸的腰形槽，所述外隔套与内隔套之间设有与所述螺纹孔相适配的锁紧螺钉，所述锁紧螺钉约束安装于相应的所述腰形槽内。
作为一种改进，所述内隔套上沿周向阵列有2n个径向设置的螺纹孔，所述外隔套上沿周向阵列有2m条轴向延伸的腰形槽。
作为进一步的改进，所述外隔套上设有一具有锥度的楔形面，所述腰形槽设置于所述楔形面上。
作为进一步的改进，所述锁紧螺钉设置有两个，两个所述锁紧螺钉相对设置。
作为同一种构思，为解决上述第二个技术问题，本发明的技术方案是：
一种轮毂单元，包括：轮毂本体；两个相对设置的圆锥滚子轴承，所述圆锥滚子轴承安装于所述轮毂本体内，所述两个圆锥滚子轴承的内圈之间设有隔套；所述隔套包括螺纹连接在一起的内隔套和外隔套，所述内隔套上沿周向阵列有若干个径向设置的螺纹孔，所述外隔套上沿周向阵列有若干条轴向延伸的腰形槽，所述外隔套与内隔套之间设有与所述螺纹孔相适配的锁紧螺钉，所述锁紧螺钉约束安装于相应的所述腰形槽内。
采用了上述技术方案后，本发明的有益效果是：
(1)由于隔套包括螺纹连接在一起的内隔套和外隔套，使得隔套的总长度可以调整，根据实际需要调整至所需尺寸，安装轮毂时，改变了那种传统的达到额定预紧力后回退1/4～1/6圈的经验调整方式，可以通过具体的数据直接调整至合适的游隙值，降低了调整轮毂单元中轴承游隙时对操作者经验的依赖，提高了装配质量。
(2)通过对腰形槽和螺纹孔数量的设置，使得隔套的轴向调整间距分度值更加细化，轴承游隙的调整精度更高。
(3)由于外隔套上设有楔形面，使得锁紧螺钉锁紧时，不仅能够产生沿锁紧螺钉轴向的锁紧力，而且还能够产生一个沿外隔套轴向的分力，这个分力可以轴向拉紧外隔套与内隔套，从而消除两者之间的螺纹间隙，使调整得到的轴承 游隙更加准确。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例一的结构剖视图；
图2是本发明实施例二的轴向视图；
图3是图2中E-E剖视图；
图中：1-外隔套，11-楔形面，12-腰形槽，2-内隔套，21-螺纹孔，3-锁紧螺钉，4-轮毂本体，5-圆锥滚子轴承，6-螺母，7-轴管，8-隔套。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
实施例一
如图1所示，一种隔套，包括螺纹连接在一起的内隔套2和外隔套1，相对转动内隔套2与外隔套1时，可以调整隔套8的总长度。
内隔套2上沿周向阵列有若干个径向设置的螺纹孔21，外隔套1上沿周向阵列有若干条轴向延伸的腰形槽12。外隔套1与内隔套2之间设有与螺纹孔21相适配的锁紧螺钉3，锁紧螺钉3约束安装于相应的腰形槽12内，锁紧时，锁紧螺钉3的端头与外隔套1的外表面相抵。为了消除外隔套1与内隔套2之间的螺纹间隙，外隔套1上设置一具有锥度的楔形面11，腰形槽12设置于楔形面11上。锁紧螺钉3的端头与楔形面11相抵时，在楔形面11的作用下，不仅能够产生沿锁紧螺钉3轴向的锁紧力，而且还能够产生一个沿外隔套1轴向的分力，这个分力可以轴向拉紧外隔套1与内隔套2，从而消除两者之间的螺纹间隙，使调整得到的轴承游隙更加准确。
内隔套2上螺纹孔21的数量有2n个，外隔套1上腰形槽12的数量有2m条，也就是说，螺纹孔21与腰形槽12的数量均为偶数，这种设置，可以使外隔套1与内隔套2至少有两个相对设置的孔同时对齐，设置两个锁紧螺钉3，以提高内隔套2与外隔套1之间锁紧的牢固程度。
实施例二
如图2和图3共同所示，一种轮毂单元，包括轮毂本体4，轮毂本体4内设有两相对设置的圆锥滚子轴承5，圆锥滚子轴承5套装在轴管7上，轴管7上螺纹连接螺母6，两轴承5的内圈之间设有隔套8，隔套8的结构与实施例一相同，在此不做赘述。
下面举例说明该轮毂单元轴承游隙的调整方法：
内隔套2与外隔套1之间螺纹的螺距p＝2mm，内隔套2上螺纹孔21的数量2n＝12，外隔套1上腰形槽12的数量2m＝14。
首先，根据公知的数学原理，计算出轴向调整间距分度值：
该分度值＝p/(2×n×m)＝2/(2×6×7)＝0.0238mm。
该分度值的含义是，一组腰形槽12和相应的螺纹孔21对齐后，再旋转到下一组腰形槽12和相应的螺纹孔21对齐时，外隔套1相对内隔套2轴向移动0.0238mm。毫无疑问，m和n为正整数,且数量应限定在本领域普通技术人员在内隔套2和外隔套1上能够实施的范围之内。本例中，n＝6,m＝7,很显然，两者的最大公约数＝1。当两者的最大公约数≠1时，该分度值将会有所变化，其最终也可以通过数学的方法推导出来，在此不做赘述。
其次，组装轮毂4、轴管7、轴承5和隔套8，在螺母6上施加额定预紧力，配合一个百分表，用推拉法测出游隙数值，用实际所需游隙数值减去该测出的游隙数值，得到需要调整的数据。
再次，根据测出数值的大小调整隔套8的总长度。取下锁紧螺钉3，旋转内隔套2或者外隔套1，调整至实际所需游隙数值，旋紧锁紧螺钉3。
最后，复检一次，最终达到所需指标。
本发明不局限于上述具体的实施方式，例如，可以根据精度的要求，对m及n的数量进行适当调整。
综上，本发明的本质是，将一个固定长度的隔套设计成内隔套和外隔套，并用螺纹连接在一起，内隔套上沿周向阵列有若干个径向设置的螺纹孔，外隔套上沿周向阵列有若干条轴向延伸的腰形槽，相对转动内隔套和外隔套，使相 应腰形槽与相应螺纹孔对齐后锁紧，从而使隔套得到确定的轴向长度，降低了调整轮毂单元的轴承游隙时对操作者经验的依赖，提高了装配质量。本领域的普通技术人员从上述构思出发，不经过创造性的劳动，所作出的种种变换，均落在本发明的保护范围之内。
工业实用性
采用本发明所揭示的结构和方法，使得调整轮毂单元中轴承游隙的作业变得简单方便且精度高，不仅提高了轮毂单元的使用寿命，而且还提高了轮毂单元的装配效率，方便了日常维护。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种隔套，其特征在于，包括：
    螺纹连接在一起的内隔套和外隔套，所述内隔套上沿周向阵列有若干个径向设置的螺纹孔，所述外隔套上沿周向阵列有若干条轴向延伸的腰形槽，所述外隔套与内隔套之间设有与所述螺纹孔相适配的锁紧螺钉，所述锁紧螺钉约束安装于相应的所述腰形槽内。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的隔套，其特征在于，所述内隔套上沿周向阵列有2n个径向设置的螺纹孔，所述外隔套上沿周向阵列有2m条轴向延伸的腰形槽。
  3. 如权利要求1或2任一项所述的隔套，其特征在于，所述外隔套上设有一具有锥度的楔形面，所述腰形槽设置于所述楔形面上。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的隔套，其特征在于，所述锁紧螺钉设置有两个，两个所述锁紧螺钉相对设置。
  5. 一种轮毂单元，包括：
    轮毂本体；
    两个相对设置的圆锥滚子轴承，所述圆锥滚子轴承安装于所述轮毂本体内，所述两个圆锥滚子轴承的内圈之间设有隔套；其特征在于，
    所述隔套包括螺纹连接在一起的内隔套和外隔套，所述内隔套上沿周向阵列有若干个径向设置的螺纹孔，所述外隔套上沿周向阵列有若干条轴向延伸的腰形槽，所述外隔套与内隔套之间设有与所述螺纹孔相适配的锁紧螺钉，所述锁紧螺钉约束安装于相应的所述腰形槽内。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的轮毂单元，其特征在于，所述内隔套上沿周向阵列有2n个径向设置的螺纹孔，所述外隔套上沿周向阵列有2m条轴向延伸的腰形槽。
  7. 如权利要求5或6任一项所述的轮毂单元，其特征在于，所述外隔套上设有一具有锥度的楔形面，所述腰形槽设置于所述楔形面上。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的轮毂单元，其特征在于，所述锁紧螺钉设置有两个，两个所述锁紧螺钉相对设置。
PCT/CN2015/074661 2014-10-28 2015-03-20 隔套及轮毂单元 WO2016065815A1 (zh)

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CN109595328A (zh) * 2019-01-30 2019-04-09 汽解放汽车有限公司 一种用于调整轴承预紧力的波形隔套
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