WO2016061861A1 - 一种自身免疫性抗原阳性血清的纯化制备方法 - Google Patents

一种自身免疫性抗原阳性血清的纯化制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2016061861A1
WO2016061861A1 PCT/CN2014/091115 CN2014091115W WO2016061861A1 WO 2016061861 A1 WO2016061861 A1 WO 2016061861A1 CN 2014091115 W CN2014091115 W CN 2014091115W WO 2016061861 A1 WO2016061861 A1 WO 2016061861A1
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igg
purifying
positive serum
human
autoimmune antigen
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PCT/CN2014/091115
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French (fr)
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李庆春
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苏州浩欧博生物医药有限公司
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Priority to US14/906,264 priority Critical patent/US9880181B2/en
Publication of WO2016061861A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016061861A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/96—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving blood or serum control standard
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
    • C07K16/06—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies from serum
    • C07K16/065—Purification, fragmentation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K19/00—Hybrid peptides, i.e. peptides covalently bound to nucleic acids, or non-covalently bound protein-protein complexes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
    • G01N33/531—Production of immunochemical test materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
    • G01N33/564—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for pre-existing immune complex or autoimmune disease, i.e. systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid factors or complement components C1-C9

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of in vitro diagnosis, and particularly relates to a method for purifying and preparing autoimmune antigen positive serum.
  • the body recognizes its own tissue components as “self” and generally does not generate an immune response, which is self-tolerance.
  • the production of self-tolerance is due to the cloning of lymphocytes that develop during the embryonic period.
  • An individual who can identify their own tissues is destroyed or contraindicated, that is, Bumet's taboo cloning theory.
  • self-tolerance is destroyed, the cell line is contraindicated, and the immune system of the body produces an immune response against certain self-organizing components, which may lead to autoimmune diseases.
  • the key to the occurrence of autoimmune diseases is that the body produces autoantibodies or sensitized T lymphocytes against its own tissue components, and an autoimmune response occurs in the body, resulting in damage to its own tissue cells.
  • the reason why the body produces autoantibodies and sensitized T cells is very complicated, and it is related to the following factors.
  • Sequestered antigen refers to certain tissue components in the body such as sperm, intraocular dissolved matter, brain, etc. Under normal circumstances, it has never been in contact with immune cells, and its corresponding lymphocyte clones still exist and are immunologically active. . Once the barrier is broken due to surgery, trauma, infection, etc., the hidden antigen is released into the bloodstream or lymph, and is in contact with the immune system. The immune system mistakes it for "foreign body” and triggers an autoimmune response that leads to the development of autoimmune diseases.
  • the self-component can change its antigenicity after being affected by physical factors (such as cold, heat, ionizing radiation), chemical factors (such as drugs) or biological factors (such as bacteria, viruses, etc.).
  • the altered self component can stimulate the immune system to cause an autoimmune response, leading to an autoimmune disease.
  • Some bacteria and viruses have similar antigenic determinants on certain tissue cells of normal humans. Autoantibodies and sensitized lymphocytes produced by these bacteria and viral antigenic determinants can cross-react with their own tissue cells to cause autoimmunity. Sexual disease.
  • T/B lymphocyte clones against autoantigens are present in the body.
  • General Th dripping The B cells are in a state of tolerance to their own components, and B lymphocytes are still able to respond to their own components. Since there is no Th cell help, there is no autoimmune response under normal conditions.
  • Some foreign antigens have determinants of B cell recognition similar or identical to their own components, but because of the different vector determinants recognized by T cells, Th cells that recognize their own component vector determinants are in a tolerant state, while the recognition of foreign antigen vectors determines Clustered Th cells can be activated and reacted, so foreign antigens can help B cells to produce an immune response, which is called Th cell bypass activation, which triggers an autoimmune response.
  • Certain polyclonal stimulators such as Epstein-Barr virus and superantigen, activate Th cells in a tolerant state or directly send an auxiliary signal to B cells to stimulate their production of autoantibodies, triggering an autoimmune response.
  • immunocompetent cells In the process of immune response, activation of immunocompetent cells, in addition to the recognition of antigen-peptide complexes on the surface of antigen-presenting cells by immunocompetent cells, must also have an interaction between two intercellular stimulatory factors. Such as the abnormal expression of surface-stimulating factors on the surface of antigen-presenting cells, it can activate T cells of autoimmune response and trigger autoimmune diseases.
  • Th1 and Th2 cells are also related to the occurrence of autoimmune diseases.
  • Fas belongs to the TNFR/NGFR family members (also known as CD95) and is ubiquitously expressed on a variety of cells including lymphocytes. Its ligand, FasL (Fas ligand), is usually found on activated T cells such as CTL and NK cell membranes, and can be secreted and exfoliated outside the cell. Whether it is membrane-bound or free-type FasL, it can induce apoptosis after binding to Fas on the cell membrane. In patients with Fas/FasL gene deficiency, the activation of lymphocytes that induce autoimmune responses is impaired, and the clonal proliferation of T and B lymphocytes is out of control, which is prone to various autoimmune diseases.
  • Fas belongs to the TNFR/NGFR family members (also known as CD95) and is ubiquitously expressed on a variety of cells including lymphocytes. Its ligand, FasL (Fas ligand), is usually found on activated T cells such as CTL and NK cell membranes,
  • Human autoimmune diseases often have a family genetic predisposition. The incidence of multiple autoimmune diseases was found to be positively correlated with the rate of detection of certain genotypes of HLA. Most HLA systems are associated with autoimmune diseases on HLA-B or DR antigens.
  • the publication number is CN103018436A, and the method for preparing avian infectious bronchitis positive serum by using rabbits on the publication date of 2013-4-3, after the blood is taken by immunization, only the blood is separated into serum, and the serum is centrifuged. Positive serum was obtained by filtration.
  • this positive serum has a problem in that the use effect is not good.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for purifying a positive serum using an autoimmune antigen (self-exempt) which is excellent in effect.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a method for purifying an autoimmune antigen-positive serum comprising the steps of: immunizing a healthy animal with an autoimmune antigen, obtaining an antiserum after blood collection, and purifying the antiserum to obtain a positive serum, wherein
  • the specific method of purification is:
  • the antiserum is affinity-purified to obtain an IgG antibody; the IgG antibody and the human IgG Fc or the human IgM Fc or the human IgA Fc are coupled at a mass ratio of 1:1 to 2, and then separated. Purification to obtain a concentrated solution of IgG-IgG Fc ligation or a concentrated solution of IgG-IgM Fc ligation or a concentrated solution of IgG-IgA Fc ligation, the concentrated solution of IgG-IgG Fc ligation or concentrated solution of IgG-IgM Fc ligation Or the IgG-IgA Fc linker concentrated solution is diluted to a concentration of 0.5 to 1 ⁇ g/ml to obtain the positive serum.
  • the affinity purification is carried out using an agarose affinity medium or using an immunoaffinity chromatography column.
  • the agarose affinity medium is Protein-A sepharose CL-4B.
  • the immunoaffinity chromatography column is an affinity chromatography column in which the autoimmune antigen is linked to an agarose gel.
  • the antiserum is subjected to ammonium sulfate treatment, and then the affinity purification is performed using the immunoaffinity chromatography column.
  • the human IgG Fc or human IgM Fc or human IgA Fc is prepared by dissolving human IgG or human IgM or human IgA in papain digestion solution, and then digesting with papain. After the iodoacetamide terminates the digestion reaction, it is extracted with an agarose affinity medium.
  • the IgG antibody and the human IgG Fc or human IgM Fc or human IgAFc are passed through a 2-imine tetrahydrothiophene coupling agent or 4-(N-maleimidomethyl group
  • the coupling is carried out under the conditions of pH 7.2 to 7.4.
  • the concentration of the 2-imine tetrahydrothiophene coupling agent is 9 to 11 mg/ml, and the 4-(N-maleimidomethyl)cyclohexane-1-carboxyl group
  • concentration of the acid succinimide ester coupling agent is 4 to 6 mg/ml.
  • the separation and purification are carried out using a Sephadex 200 gel purification column.
  • the IgG-IgG Fc conjugate is prepared using a tris (hydroxymethylaminomethane buffer) having a mass ratio of 0.4 to 0.6% of bovine serum albumin, pH 7.5 to 8.5, and 0.09 to 0.11 mol/L.
  • the dilution was carried out with a concentrated solution or a concentrated solution of IgG-IgM Fc conjugate or a concentrated solution of IgG-IgA Fc conjugate.
  • the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
  • the method of the invention can prepare the positive serum of various autoimmune antigens in batches, solves the problem of positive control of the preparation process of the test kit, can also be used as the raw material for the production of the calibrator, and the preparation method is simple and easy.
  • Figure 1 is a diagram showing the isolation and purification of rabbit anti-self-avoiding antibody IgG-IgG Fc.
  • Autoimmune antigen autoimmune antigen lyophilized powder, autoimmune antigen is LC-1;
  • adjuvant Freund's complete adjuvant, purchased from sigma company, article number (F5881); Freund's incomplete adjuvant, purchased from sigma company, article number (F5506);
  • Animals 3 healthy rabbits (3 rabbits immunized with each autoimmune antigen) healthy New Zealand white rabbits of 2 months old and weighing 1.5 to 2.0 kg;
  • Immunization of autoimmune antigen preparation Determine the concentration of autoimmune antigen after lyophilized powder dissolution by BCA protein assay, take 4mg autoimmune antigen, and dilute it to 600 ⁇ L with PBS, and use autonulator with three-way device.
  • Freund's complete adjuvant was used for the first immunization, and Freund's incomplete adjuvant was used for subsequent immunization.
  • Animal immunization 3 New Zealand white rabbits to be purchased are cultured in the animal room for 1 week to adapt the animals to the environment; the prepared emulsion is subcutaneously injected into the foot pad, neck or back with a 1 ml syringe. Each New Zealand white rabbit was injected 3 points with 300 ⁇ L per injection; the immune cycle was 14 days.
  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to dilute autoimmune antigen (LC-1) to 10 ⁇ g/ml with coating buffer, except for negative wells. Add 100 ⁇ L or 1 ⁇ g per well, and coat overnight at 4°C; negative control 1 is coated with 1 ⁇ g PCNA, overnight at 4°C; negative control 2 is coated with Scl-70, overnight at 4°C; blank control 1 is immune autoimmune Blood was taken before the antigen; blank control 2 was the primary antibody incubation blocking solution without the primary antibody; blank control 3 was the HRP-labeled goat anti-rabbit IgG incubation blocking solution; the remaining wells were diluted 1:100, 1:200 times.
  • ELISA Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
  • the antiserum was tested for potency. Each time the titer is measured, the titer of the last collected antiserum is measured in parallel. When the anti-blood titer is similar before and after immunization, the rabbit can be stopped to take blood, and if the titer is significantly improved, the immunization is continued.
  • the data in column A is the antiserum titer measured after 6 immunizations; the data in column B is the antiserum titer measured after 7 immunizations.
  • the antiserum titer is basically stable after 6 and 7 immunizations in rabbits.
  • the serum gradient evaluated according to the experimental design is 1:100-1:1600000, when the serum is diluted to 1:102400.
  • the OD value is about twice as large as the blank hole, and is judged to be a positive effective price, but when the dilution is further performed, the OD value is substantially equal to the blank value or less than twice the blank control value, and is judged to be an invalid price.
  • A1-A2 and B1-B2 are negative controls.
  • rabbit antiserum obtained is not reactive with other autoimmune antigens; A3-A5 and B3-B5 are blank controls, and autoimmune antigens can be seen.
  • the pre-immunized rabbit serum and the secondary antibody did not produce a non-specific reaction; the other wells responded specifically to the specific reaction of LC-1 and rabbit anti-LC-1 autoimmune antigen.
  • Instrument Protein-A sepharose CL-4B, peristaltic pump, centrifuge tube, centrifuge, filter, glass column, spectrophotometer;
  • TBS buffer solution 6.06g Tris (50mM), 8.78g NaCl (150mM) and 0.5g sodium azide (0.05%) dissolved in 1L of distilled water, and adjusted to pH 7.4 with HCl;
  • neutralizing buffer solution 121.2g Tris (1M), 87.8g NaCl (1.5M), 0.37g EDTA (1mM) and 5g sodium azide (0.5%) dissolved in 1L of distilled water, and adjusted to pH 8.0 with HCl;
  • Elution buffer solution pH 1.9: 3.75 g of glycine (50 mM) was dissolved in 1 L of distilled water, and pH 1.9 was adjusted with HCl.
  • the prepared antiserum is slowly thawed in ice water or a refrigerator at 4 ° C to avoid protein. Gather. Aggregation that occurs during protein thawing can be dissolved by preheating at 37 °C. Solid sodium azide was added to a concentration of 0.05%, centrifuged at 15000 xg for 5 min at 4 ° C, and the clarified antiserum was removed and filtered through a filter to remove excess lipid.
  • the dissolved antiserum was diluted with a TBS buffer solution at a ratio of 1:5, and then filtered with a filter.
  • the antiserum was applied to the column at a rate of 0.5 ml per minute.
  • the column was continuously applied twice and the sample effluent was retained.
  • the column was washed with TBS buffer solution to A280nm ⁇ 0.008 and then pH 2.7 elution buffer solution was eluted, and all proteins were eluted at a rate of 0.5 ml/min.
  • the eluate was collected using a 1.5 ml EP tube which had been added with 100 ⁇ L of neutralizing buffer solution. After mixing, the pH of the eluate was checked with a pH test paper. If the pH was lower than 7, the neutralization buffer was adjusted to about pH 7.4. To prevent denaturation of antibodies;
  • the content of protein in each tube was measured using a spectrophotometer. If the protein concentration is less than 0.5 mg/ml, 10% glycerol may be added for storage, and the purified IgG antibody is stored at 2 ° C to 8 ° C after being dispensed;
  • the column was washed with TBS buffer solution containing 0.05% sodium azide and stored in a 2 ° C to 8 ° C environment.
  • Papain Digest 0.1 M Tris, 2 mM EDTA, pH 8.0.
  • Coupling agent 4-(N-maleimidomethyl)cyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid succinimide ester (SMCC), 2-imine tetrahydrothiophene (2-IT) was purchased from THERMO company, chemical reagents such as trishydroxymethylaminomethane (TRIS) are chemically pure;
  • G-25 gel column and Sephadex 200 gel purification column are GE products.
  • the activated IgG antibody was mixed with activated human IgG Fc, and allowed to stand at pH 7.3 for 20 hours.
  • the conjugate was purified by Sephadex 200 gel purification column to obtain a concentrated solution of the mixture, and stored at 5 ° C. spare;
  • Example 2 The positive serum prepared in Example 1 was measured using a self-purchasing original (LC-1) IgG antibody detection kit produced by Euromonia. The results are shown in Table 2:
  • the positive serum control samples of 3 batches were positive samples by the Euromonium autoimmune antigen Ig G test kit, and were still 3 times and 9 times diluted. Positive.
  • the measured value is also diluted. A comprehensive description of our sample preparation is successful and can be used as a sample for quality control of the kit.
  • autoimmune antigen lyophilized powder, autoimmune antigen is PCNA;
  • adjuvant Freund's complete adjuvant, purchased from sigma company, article number (F5881); Freund's incomplete adjuvant, purchased from sigma company, article number (F5506);
  • animals choose 3 (3 rabbits immunized with each autoimmune antigen) 2 months old, weight 1.5 ⁇ 2.0kg healthy New Zealand white rabbit;
  • Immunization of autoimmune antigen preparation The BCA protein assay was used to determine the concentration of autoimmune antigen after lyophilized powder dissolution. For the first immunization, 0.05 mg, 0.15 mg and 0.2 mg autoimmune antigen were diluted to 300 ⁇ l with PBS. The autoimmune antigen is mixed with Freund's complete adjuvant at a ratio of 0.8:1 (volume ratio).
  • the mixing method is to pipette the mixture 10 times or more, and the mixed product must be immunized immediately; the second and subsequent immunizations are 0.05 mg, 0.15 mg, and 0.2 mg of autoimmune antigen were diluted to 500 ⁇ L with PBS, mixed with Freund's incomplete adjuvant at a ratio of 0.8:1 (volume ratio), and the remaining steps were the same as the first immunization.
  • animal immunization 3 New Zealand white rabbits will be purchased in the animal room for 1 week to adapt the animals to the environment; the prepared milky white mixture, the first immunization with a 1ml syringe to mix 0.5ml for rabbit foot immunization, other immunity Both legs and chest muscles were injected with an immune cycle of 7 days.
  • Antiserum was evaluated by plate chemiluminescence, autoimmune antigen was diluted to 5 ⁇ g/ml with coating buffer, and 100 ⁇ L of 0.5 ⁇ g autoimmune antigen per well was added except for the negative well. °C coated for 2h; primary antibody was gradient-diluted antiserum, secondary antibody was AP-labeled goat anti-rabbit IgG, and negative control: primary antibody was serum of the same rabbit taken before immunization of autoimmune antigen, and positive anti-antigen Gradient dilution was performed as in serum; blank control: primary antibody was incubated with blocking solution containing no serum; serum was diluted 1:200, 1:400, etc. When the antiserum titer reaches 1:100,000, it meets our requirements.
  • Immunoaffinity chromatography column peristaltic pump; centrifuge tube; centrifuge; filter; chromatography column; spectrophotometer;
  • TBS equilibrium buffer solution 6.06g Tris (50mM), 8.78g NaCl (150mM) and 0.5g sodium azide (0.05%) dissolved in 1L of distilled water, and adjusted to pH 7.4 with HCl;
  • High salt buffer solution 121.2 g Tris (1 M), 87.8 g NaCl (1.5 M), 0.37 g EDTA (1 mM) and 5 g sodium azide (0.5%) dissolved in 1 L of distilled water, and adjusted to pH 8.0 with HCl. ;
  • CNBr-actived Sepharose 4B-Cl purchased from GE. Column stock solution (0.1 M PBS with 1% aminocaproic acid, pH 7.4).
  • the protein concentration of the supernatant was measured and compared with the concentration and amount of the autoimmune antigen initially administered to calculate how many antigens were attached to the column.
  • the content of protein in each tube was measured using a spectrophotometer. If the protein concentration is less than 0.5 mg/ml, 10% glycerol may be added for storage, and the purified IgG antibody is stored at 2 ° C to 8 ° C after being dispensed;
  • Papain Digest 0.1 M Tris, 2 mM EDTA, pH 8.0.
  • Coupling agent 4-(N-maleimidomethyl)cyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid succinimide ester (SMCC), 2-imine tetrahydrothiophene (2-IT) was purchased from THERMO company, chemical reagents such as trishydroxymethylaminomethane (TRIS) are chemically pure;
  • G-25 gel column and Sephadex 200 gel purification column are GE products.
  • the activated IgG antibody was mixed with the activated human IgG Fc portion, and allowed to stand under the condition of pH 7.3 for 20 hours.
  • the conjugate was purified by Sephadex 200 gel purification column to obtain a concentrated solution of the connector, and stored at 4 ° C for use. ;
  • the IgG-IgG Fc linker concentrated solution containing 0.5% bovine serum albumin, pH 8.0, 0.1mol / L
  • the TRIS buffer was diluted to 0.5 ⁇ g/ml to obtain positive serum of PCNA autoimmune antigen.
  • Example 2 The positive serum prepared in Example 2 was measured using a self-purchasing original (PCNA) IgG antibody detection kit produced by Euromonia. The results are shown in Table 6:
  • the positive serum control samples of 3 batches were positive samples by the Eugene self-improving original IgG test kit, and were still positive after 3 times and 9-fold dilution. .
  • the measured value is also diluted.
  • a comprehensive description of our sample preparation is successful and can be used as a sample for quality control of the kit.

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Abstract

一种自身免疫性抗原阳性血清的纯化制备方法，包括用自身免疫性抗原对健康动物进行免疫、采血获得抗血清的步骤和对抗血清进行纯化获得阳性血清的步骤。纯化的具体方法包括：对抗血清进行亲和纯化得到IgG抗体；将IgG抗体和人源IgG Fc或人源IgM Fc或人源IgA Fc按质量比为1:1-2偶联后，经分离纯化获得IgG-IgG Fc连接物浓溶液或IgG-IgM Fc连接物浓溶液或IgG-IgA Fc连接物浓溶液，然后稀释至浓度为0.5-1μg/ml，得到阳性血清。该方法可批量制备各种自身免疫性抗原的阳性血清，并且方法简单易行。

Description

一种自身免疫性抗原阳性血清的纯化制备方法 技术领域
本发明属于体外诊断技术领域，具体涉及一种自身免疫性抗原阳性血清的纯化制备方法。
背景技术
正常情况下，机体将自身组织成分识别为“自我”，一般不对其产生免疫应答，此为自身耐受。自身耐受的产生是由于在胚胎期发育的淋巴细胞克隆，凡能识别自身组织的均被破坏或禁忌，即Bumet的禁忌克隆学说。但在某些情况下，自身耐受遭到破坏，禁忌细胞株活跃，机体免疫系统针对某些自身组织成分产生了免疫应答，就可能导致自身免疫病的发生。发生自身免疫病的关键是机体产生了针对自身组织成分的自身抗体或致敏的T淋巴细胞，并在体内发生了自身免疫应答，导致自身组织细胞的损伤。机体为什么会产生自身抗体及致敏T细胞，其原因是非常复杂的，据研究与以下因素有关。
一、自身抗原的出现
(一)隐蔽抗原的释放
隐蔽抗原(sequestered antigen)是指体内某些组织成分如精子、眼内溶物、脑等，在正常情况下从未与免疫细胞接触过，其相对应的淋巴细胞克隆仍存在，并具免疫活性。一旦因手术、外伤、感染等原因破坏隔绝屏障，隐蔽抗原释放入血流或淋巴液，便与免疫系统接触。免疫系统将其误认为是“异物”，引发自身免疫应答，导致自身免疫病的发生。
(二)自身成分的改变
自身成分在受到物理因素(如冷、热、电离辐射)、化学因素(如药物)或生物因素(如细菌、病毒等)作用后，均可使其抗原性发生变化。改变了的自身成分可刺激免疫系统引起自身免疫应答，导致自身免疫性疾病。
(三)共同抗原引发的交叉反应
某些细菌、病毒与正常人体某些组织细胞上有相类似的抗原决定簇，针对这些细菌、病毒抗原决定簇产生的自身抗体和致敏淋巴细胞可与自身组织细胞发生交叉反应，引起自身免疫性疾病。
二、免疫调节异常
(一)淋巴细胞旁路活化
正常情况下，体内存在针对自身抗原的T/B淋巴细胞克隆。一般Th淋 巴细胞对自身成分是处于耐受状态，B淋巴细胞仍能对自身成分发生应答。由于无Th细胞辅助，故正常情况下不出现自身免疫应答。某些外来抗原具有与自身成分相似或相同的B细胞识别的决定簇，但由于T细胞识别的载体决定簇不同，识别自身成分载体决定簇的Th细胞处于耐受状态，而识别外来抗原载体决定簇的Th细胞能被激活发生反应，故外来抗原可辅助B细胞产生免疫应答，即称为Th细胞旁路活化，从而引发自身免疫应答。
(二)多克隆刺激剂的旁路活化
某些多克隆刺激剂如EB病毒和超抗原，可激活处于耐受状态的Th细胞或者直接向B细胞发出辅助信号刺激其产生自身抗体，引发自身免疫应答。
(三)辅助刺激因子表达异常
在免疫应答过程中，免疫活性细胞的激活，除了免疫活性细胞对抗原递呈细胞表面的抗原肽复合物识别外，还必须有两细胞间辅助刺激因子的相互作用。如抗原递呈细胞表面辅助刺激因子的异常表达，便可激活自身免疫应答的T细胞，引发自身免疫性疾病。
此外，Th1和Th2细胞的功能失衡和自身免疫性疾病的发生也有一定关系。
三、Fas/FasL表达异常
Fas/FasL表达异常和自身免疫病的发生有关，Fas属TNFR/NGFR家族成员(又称CD95)，普遍表达于多种细胞包括淋巴细胞表面。其配体即FasL(Fas ligand)通常出现于活化的T细胞如CTL和NK细胞膜上，又可以分泌脱落至细胞外。无论是膜结合型或是游离型的FasL，与细胞膜上的Fas结合后均可诱导细胞凋亡。在Fas/FasL基因缺陷的患者体内，因为激活诱导自身免疫应答的淋巴细胞凋亡机制受损，T、B淋巴细胞克隆性增殖失控，故易发生多种自身免疫性疾病。
四、遗传因素
人类的自身免疫性疾病常有家族遗传倾向。研究中发现多种自身免疫性疾病的发生率与HLA的某些基因型检出率呈正相关。大多数HLA系统与自身免疫性疾病的相关性表现在HLA-B或DR抗原上。
如公布号为CN103018436A，公布日为2013-4-3的一种用家兔制备鸡传染性支气管炎阳性血清的方法，其在经过免疫取血后，仅将血液分离出血清，对血清进行离心过滤就得到阳性血清。但是，该阳性血清存在使用效果不好的问题。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种使用效果优良的自身免疫性抗原(自免原)阳性血清的纯化制备方法。
为解决以上技术问题，本发明采取如下技术方案：
一种自身免疫性抗原阳性血清的纯化制备方法，包括用自身免疫性抗原对健康动物进行免疫、采血后获得抗血清的步骤和对所述的抗血清进行纯化获得阳性血清的步骤，所述的纯化的具体方法为：
对所述的抗血清进行亲和纯化得到IgG抗体；将所述的IgG抗体和人源IgG Fc或人源IgM Fc或人源IgA Fc按质量比为1∶1～2偶联后，经分离纯化获得IgG-IgG Fc连接物浓溶液或IgG-IgM Fc连接物浓溶液或IgG-IgA Fc连接物浓溶液，将所述的IgG-IgG Fc连接物浓溶液或IgG-IgM Fc连接物浓溶液或IgG-IgA Fc连接物浓溶液稀释至浓度为0.5～1μg/ml，即得所述的阳性血清。
优选地，采用琼脂糖亲和介质或者采用免疫亲和层析柱进行所述的亲和纯化。
进一步优选地，所述的琼脂糖亲和介质为Protein-A sepharose CL-4B。
进一步优选地，所述的免疫亲和层析柱为所述的自身免疫性抗原与琼脂糖凝胶连接成的亲和层析柱。
进一步优选地，所述的抗血清先经过硫酸铵处理后，再采用所述的免疫亲和层析柱进行所述的亲和纯化。
优选地，所述的人源IgG Fc或人源IgM Fc或人源IgA Fc，是将人源IgG或人源IgM或人源IgA溶解在木瓜蛋白酶消化液中，再用木瓜蛋白酶消化，再用碘乙酰胺终止消化反应后，用琼脂糖亲和介质提取获得的。
优选地，所述的IgG抗体和所述的人源IgG Fc或人源IgM Fc或人源IgAFc通过2-亚胺四氢噻吩偶联剂或4-(N-马来酰亚胺基甲基)环己烷-1-羧酸琥珀酰亚胺酯偶联剂活化后，在pH 7.2～7.4的条件下进行所述的偶联。
进一步优选地，所述的2-亚胺四氢噻吩偶联剂的浓度为9～11mg/ml，所述的4-(N-马来酰亚胺基甲基)环己烷-1-羧酸琥珀酰亚胺酯偶联剂的浓度为4～6mg/ml。
进一步优选地，采用Sephadex 200凝胶纯化柱进行所述的分离纯化。
进一步优选地，采用含质量比为0.4～0.6％的牛血清白蛋白、pH7.5～8.5、0.09～0.11mol/L的三羟甲基氨基甲烷缓冲液将所述的IgG-IgG Fc连接物浓溶液或IgG-IgM Fc连接物浓溶液或IgG-IgA Fc连接物浓溶液进行所述的稀释。
由于以上技术方案的实施，本发明与现有技术相比具有如下优点：
我们可以根据市场需要来有计划的生产(从几毫升到几千毫升)，并且可以有效的控制批间差异。这是目前流行的阳性血清的制备方法无法做到的。另外，我们用人源的IgG Fc或IgM Fc或IgA Fc与抗血清中的IgG抗体连接，相比用人源IgG或IgM或IgA与抗体IgG直接连接分子量要小，这样就可以尽量避免交叉反应的发生。这样我们在提高特异性的同时，又能够在阳性血清上有效的保留了二抗的结合位点。
本发明方法可批量制备各种自身免疫性抗原的阳性血清，解决了检测试剂盒制备过程中的阳性质控问题，也可以作为校准品的生产原料，并且本制备方法简单易行。
附图说明
附图1为兔抗自免源抗体IgG-IgG Fc分离纯化图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步详细的说明，但本发明并不限于以下实施例。实施例中采用的实施条件可以根据具体使用的不同要求做进一步调整，未注明的实施条件为本行业中的常规条件。
实施例1
(一)自身免疫性抗原的免疫和兔抗血清效价测定
材料与仪器
1、自身免疫性抗原：自身免疫性抗原冻干粉，自身免疫性抗原为LC-1；
2、佐剂：弗氏完全佐剂，购自sigma公司，货号(F5881)；弗氏不完全佐剂，购自sigma公司,货号(F5506)；
3、动物：选3只(每种自身免疫性抗原免疫3只兔子)2月龄、体重1.5～2.0kg的健康新西兰大白兔；
4、二抗：HRP标记的羊抗兔IgG；
5、耗材：三通器、一次性注射器、移液器等。
免疫步骤
1、免疫自身免疫性抗原准备：用BCA蛋白质测定法确定冻干粉溶解后自身免疫性抗原的浓度，取4mg自身免疫性抗原，并用PBS将其稀释至600μL，用三通器将自身免疫性抗原与完全佐剂或不完全佐剂(自身免疫性抗原V:佐剂V＝6∶5)乳化，直至将一滴乳液滴入水中呈现球形而不分散则自身免疫性抗原准备好。首次免疫用弗氏完全佐剂，后续免疫均用弗氏不完全佐剂。
2、动物免疫：将购买的3只新西兰大白兔在动物房养殖1周，使动物适应环境；将制备好的乳液，用1ml注射器进行足垫、颈部或背部皮下免疫注射， 每只新西兰大白兔注射3点，每点注射300μL；免疫周期为14天。
3、抗血清的制备：每只动物免疫前先于一侧耳缘静脉抽取2mL血(作为空白对照)，之后每次免疫14天后，下次免疫前进行耳缘静脉取血用于抗血清评价；取血后取下针头，将注射器中的血缓缓转移至离心管中，于4℃冰箱中过夜，，取上清即为血清，析出淡黄色抗血清；将抗血清转移至另一管中，血凝块以1500xg离心10min。吸出上清液合并收集到的抗血清管中；抗血清分装保存于－70℃。
4、抗血清效价的测定：采用酶联免疫吸附测定(enzyme linked immunosorbent as say；ELISA)，用包被缓冲液将自身免疫性抗原(LC-1)稀释至10μg/ml，除阴性孔外每孔加100μL即1μg，4℃包被过夜；阴性对照1包被1μg PCNA，4℃包被过夜；阴性对照2包被Scl-70，4℃包被过夜；空白对照1为免疫自身免疫性抗原前取血；空白对照2为不含一抗抗体的一抗孵育封闭液；空白对照3为HRP标记的羊抗兔IgG孵育封闭液；其余孔为按1:100、1:200倍比稀释的抗血清，进行效价测定。每次效价测定时平行进行上次收集抗血清的效价测定，免疫前后抗血效价相近时，则可以终止免疫杀兔取血，如果效价还有明显提高则继续免疫。
以LC-1免疫兔后抗血清评价结果表1：
表1
Figure PCTCN2014091115-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2014091115-appb-000002
注：A列数据为免疫6次后测定的抗血清效价；B列数据为免疫7次后测定的抗血清效价
从上述表格中可以看出兔免疫6次和7次后，抗血清效价基本趋于稳定，按照实验设计评价的血清梯度为1:100-1:1600000，其中当血清稀释至1：102400时，OD值为空白孔的2倍左右，判断为阳性有效价，但当再进行稀释时OD值基本等于空白值或不到空白对照值的两倍，判断为无效价。A1-A2和B1-B2为阴性对照，从数值可以看出获取的兔抗血清与其他自身免疫性抗原没有反应性；A3-A5和B3-B5为空白对照，可以看出自身免疫性抗原与免疫前的兔血清、与二抗均不会产生非特异反应；其他孔的反应为LC-1和兔抗LC-1自身免疫性抗原的特异性反应。
(二)抗血清的亲和纯化
材料与仪器
1、仪器：Protein-A sepharose CL-4B、蠕动泵、离心管、离心机、过滤器、玻璃柱、分光光度计；
2、TBS缓冲溶液：6.06g Tris(50mM)，8.78g NaCl(150mM)以及0.5g叠氮化钠(0.05％)溶于1L蒸馏水中，并用HCl调节pH 7.4；
3、中和缓冲溶液：121.2g Tris(1M),87.8g NaCl(1.5M),0.37g EDTA(1mM)及5g叠氮化钠(0.5％)溶于1L蒸馏水中，并用HCl调节pH 8.0；
4、洗脱缓冲溶液(pH2.7)：将3.75g甘氨酸(50mM)溶解于1L蒸馏水中，用HCl调节pH 2.7；
5、洗脱缓冲溶液(pH1.9)：将3.75g甘氨酸(50mM)溶解于1L蒸馏水中，用HCl调节pH 1.9。
操作步骤
1、在真空瓶中将等体积的填料和TBS缓冲溶液混合，搅拌。抽真空约15min以除去填料中的气泡，否则在柱中形成的气泡影响柱子的容量和分离效果。将Protein-A sepharose CL-4B缓慢加入玻璃柱中，利用泵控制填充速度为1ml/min～2ml/min，避免柱干，利用10倍于床体积并经过预冷的TBS缓冲溶液平衡柱子。
2、将制备得到的抗血清放入冰水或4℃冰箱中缓慢解冻以避免蛋白质的 聚集。在蛋白质解冻过程中出现的聚集可通过37℃预热而溶解。加入固体叠氮化钠至浓度为0.05％，4℃，15000xg离心5min，移出澄清的抗血清再经过滤器过滤除去多余的脂。
3、将溶解后的抗血清用TBS缓冲溶液以1：5的比例进行稀释，再用过滤器进行过滤。以每分钟0.5ml的速度将抗血清上到柱上，为保证抗血清与填料的结合，需连续上柱2次并保留上样流出液。用TBS缓冲溶液清洗柱子至A280nm<0.008后加pH 2.7洗脱缓冲溶液，以0.5ml/min的速度洗脱至所有蛋白均流下来。用已经加入100μL中和缓冲溶液的1.5ml EP管分管收集洗脱液，混匀后用pH试纸检查洗脱液的pH值，如果pH值低于7可利用中和缓冲液调至约pH 7.4以防止抗体的变性；
在柱中加入10ml、pH 1.9洗脱缓冲溶液，按上述方法收集洗脱液至A280nm<0.008；
利用分光光度计测定各管中蛋白质的含量。若蛋白浓度低于0.5mg/ml可加入10％的甘油以便保存，将纯化的IgG抗体分装后在2℃～8℃保存；
用含0.05％叠氮化钠的TBS缓冲溶液清洗柱子后将柱子储存在2℃～8℃环境。
(三)IgG抗体与人源IgG Fc偶联
材料与仪器
1、人源IgG Fc，由苏州浩欧博生物医药有限公司研制，以磷酸盐缓冲液保存；
2、木瓜蛋白酶消化液(Papain溶解液)：0.1M Tris、2mM EDTA、pH8.0。
3、Papain，购自Sigma公司；Iodoacetamide，购自Sigma公司；Protein-A购自GE公司；
4、偶联剂4-(N-马来酰亚胺基甲基)环己烷-1-羧酸琥珀酰亚胺酯(SMCC)，2-亚胺四氢噻吩(2-IT)购自THERMO公司，三羟甲基氨基甲烷(TRIS)等化学试剂均达到化学纯；
6、G-25凝胶柱和Sephadex 200凝胶纯化柱为GE公司产品。
操作步骤
1、将人源IgG溶解在Papain消化液中，再用木瓜蛋白酶消化，再用Iodoacetamide终止消化反应。然后用Protein-A提取出来Fc。
2、取1mg IgG抗体，并加入3μL的10mg/ml的偶联剂2-IT溶液，室温静置20min，加入10μL 0.1mol/L的甘氨酸溶液，在室温静置5min。用G-25凝胶柱除盐，收集活化后抗体，5℃保存备用；
3、取1.5mg的人源IgG Fc溶液，加入5mg/ml的SMCC溶液15μL，室温静置30min，用G-25凝胶柱除盐，收集活化后抗体，5℃保存备用；
4、将上述活化的IgG抗体与活化的人源IgG Fc混合，在pH 7.3的条件下静置反应20小时，用Sephadex 200凝胶纯化柱纯化偶联物，获得连接物浓溶液，5℃保存备用；
5、将IgG-IgG Fc连接物浓溶液用含0.5％牛血清白蛋白、pH8.0、0.1mol/L的TRIS缓冲液稀释到0.5μg/ml，即得LC-1自身免疫性抗原的阳性血清。
(四)用欧蒙公司生产的自免原(LC-1)IgG抗体检测盒对实施例1制备得到的阳性血清进行测定，结果如表2：
表2
Figure PCTCN2014091115-appb-000003
注：欧蒙自免抗体IgG(IgM,IgA)检测：cut off值为20RU/mL
从表2可见，3批次(LOT 140325、LOT 140513、LOT 140719)的阳性血清质控样本，用欧蒙自身免疫性抗原Ig G检测试剂盒测定为阳性样本，3倍、9倍稀释后仍为阳性。另外从表格中可以看到，指控样本倍比稀释后，测定值也为倍比稀释的。综合说明我们的样本制备成功，可以作为样本用于试剂盒的质控。
实施例2
(一)自身免疫性抗原的免疫和兔抗血清效价测定
材料与仪器
1、自身免疫性抗原：自身免疫性抗原冻干粉，自身免疫性抗原为PCNA；
2、佐剂：弗氏完全佐剂，购自sigma公司，货号(F5881)；弗氏不完全佐剂，购自sigma公司，货号(F5506)；
3、动物：选3只(每种自身免疫性抗原免疫3只兔子)2月龄、体重1.5～ 2.0kg的健康新西兰大白兔；
4、二抗：AP标记的羊抗兔IgG；
5、耗材：三通器、一次性注射器、移液器等。
免疫步骤
1、免疫自身免疫性抗原准备：用BCA蛋白质测定法来确定冻干粉溶解后自身免疫性抗原的浓度，首次免疫分别取0.05mg、0.15mg和0.2mg自身免疫性抗原用PBS稀释至300μl，将自身免疫性抗原与弗氏完全佐剂0.8:1(体积比)混合，混匀方式是用移液器吹打混合物10次以上，混匀产物必须马上进行免疫；第二次以后的免疫都是取0.05mg、0.15mg和0.2mg自身免疫性抗原用PBS稀释至500μL，与弗式不完全佐剂0.8:1(体积比)混合，其余步骤同首次免疫。
2、动物免疫：将购买的3只新西兰大白兔在动物房养殖1周，使动物适应环境；将制备好的乳白色混合物，首次免疫用1ml注射器取混合0.5ml进行兔子的足底免疫，其他免疫均采用进行腿部和胸部肌肉注射，免疫周期为7天。
3、抗血清的制备：每只动物免疫前先于一侧耳缘静脉抽取2mL血(作为空白对照)，之后每进行下一次免疫前进行耳缘静脉取血，用于抗血清评价；另外效价达到要求后采用心脏采血法获取大量免疫血液；取血后通过1000rpm离心15min，收集抗血清；抗血清分装保存于－70℃。
4、抗血清效价的测定：采用板式化学发光评价抗血清，用包被缓冲液将自身免疫性抗原稀释至5μg/ml，除阴性孔外每孔加100μL即0.5μg自身免疫性抗原，37℃包被2h；一抗为梯度稀释的抗血清，二抗为AP标记的羊抗兔IgG，其中阴性对照：一抗为免疫自身免疫性抗原前所取的同一只兔子的血清，与阳性抗血清一样进行梯度稀释；空白对照：一抗孵育不含有任何血清的封闭液；其中血清按1:200、1:400等倍比稀释。抗血清效价达到1：100000时，即达到我们要求。
以PCNA免疫兔后抗血清评价结果表3和表4：
表3
Figure PCTCN2014091115-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2014091115-appb-000005
表4
Figure PCTCN2014091115-appb-000006
表5
动物编号 750 751 752
抗血清效价 1：200000 1：200000 1：100000
注：上述数据为：阳性A为免疫4次后，阳性B为免疫5次后测定3只兔子的的抗血清效价；
从上述表格中可以看出兔免疫4次和5次后，3只兔子抗血清效价变化不 大，均满足和效价大于1：100000，按照实验设计评价的血清梯度为1:200-1:3200000，其中当血清稀释至1：200000时，750和751RLU值大于稀释梯度为1:200的阴性对照的RLU值的2倍左右，判断为阳性有效价，752血清稀释至1：100000时，752RLU值大于稀释梯度为1:200的阴性对照的RLU值的2倍左右，判断为阳性有效价，当再进行大的梯度稀释时RLU值基本等于空白值或不到空白对照值的两倍，判断为无效价。
(二)抗血清的亲和纯化
材料与仪器
1、免疫亲和层析柱；蠕动泵；离心管；离心机；过滤器；层析柱；分光光度计；
2、TBS平衡缓冲溶液：6.06g Tris(50mM)，8.78g NaCl(150mM)以及0.5g叠氮化钠(0.05％)溶于1L蒸馏水中，并用HCl调节pH 7.4；
3、高盐缓冲溶液：121.2g Tris(1M),87.8g NaCl(1.5M),0.37g EDTA(1mM)及5g叠氮化钠(0.5％)溶于1L蒸馏水中，并用HCl调节pH8.0；
4、洗脱缓冲溶液(pH2.6)：将3.75g甘氨酸(50mM)溶解于1L蒸馏水中，用HCl调节pH 2.6；
5、0.2M碳酸盐缓冲液(pH9.5)，1.0mM HCL，1.0M甘氨酸溶液。
CNBr-actived Sepharose 4B-Cl，从GE购买。柱料储存液(0.1MPBS，含1％氨基己酸，pH 7.4)。
操作步骤
1、准备免疫亲和层析柱：将免疫使用的抗原与琼脂糖凝胶连接，做成亲和层析柱。具体为：将特异性的自身免疫性抗原用0.2M碳酸盐缓冲液(pH9.5)溶解稀释成1.0mg/ml。再用1.0mM HCL处理活化好的Sepharose 4B-Cl(CNBr-actived Sepharose 4B-Cl)，然后用0.2M碳酸盐缓冲液(pH9.5)稀释成1.0g/ml。再将这两部分按1：1的比例进行混合，在室温下反应16～20小时。然后离心，收集上清液。测上清液的蛋白浓度，再与最初投放的自身免疫性抗原的浓度和量进行比较，算出有多少抗原接在柱子上。剩下的Sepharose4B-Cl放入1.0M甘氨酸溶液，溶液的量为Sepharose4B-Cl：1.0M甘氨酸溶液＝1：1，反应4小时。用0.1M的HCl，0.1M NaOH和2M尿素溶液分别以3倍柱体积依次进行清洗，最后用储存液保存。
2、在容器中将等体积的亲和层析柱与过硫酸铵处理后的动物血清充分混合，轻摇2小时。将混合物缓慢加入玻璃柱中，利用泵控制填充速度为1ml/min～2ml/min，避免柱干，利用3～10倍于柱床体积缓冲溶液平衡柱子。
3、用TBS缓冲溶液清洗柱子至吸收值A在280nm<0.008后，再用高盐缓冲液洗去非特异结合蛋白。加pH2.6洗脱缓冲溶液，以0.5ml/min的速度洗脱至吸收值A在280nm<0.008。用已经加入100μL中和缓冲溶液的1.5ml EP管分管收集洗脱液，混匀后用pH试纸检查洗脱液的pH，如果pH低于7可利用中和缓冲液调至约pH7.4以防止抗体的变性；
利用分光光度计测定各管中蛋白质的含量。若蛋白浓度低于0.5mg/ml可加入10％的甘油以便保存，将纯化的IgG抗体分装后在2℃～8℃保存；
用含0.05％叠氮化钠的TBS缓冲溶液清洗柱子后，将柱子储存在2℃～8℃环境。
(三)IgG抗体与人源IgG Fc偶联
材料与仪器
1、人IgG Fc，由苏州浩欧博生物医药有限公司研制，以磷酸盐缓冲液保存；
2、木瓜蛋白酶消化液(Papain溶解液)：0.1M Tris，2mM EDTA，pH8.0。
3、Papain,Iodoacetamide,购自Sigma公司。Protein-A购自GE公司。
4、偶联剂4-(N-马来酰亚胺基甲基)环己烷-1-羧酸琥珀酰亚胺酯(SMCC)，2-亚胺四氢噻吩(2-IT)购自THERMO公司，三羟甲基氨基甲烷(TRIS)等化学试剂均达到化学纯；
5、G-25凝胶柱和Sephadex 200凝胶纯化柱为GE公司产品。
操作步骤
1、人IgG，纯度为95％，浓度为1mg/ml,先用Papain消化液(也叫溶解液)，pH＝8.0透析，然后加入浓度为Papain：IgG＝100:1(w/w)进行消化30min，再在消化液中加入Iodoacetamide终止反应，使用Protein A将IgG Fc部分纯化出来。
2、取1mg的IgG抗体溶液，加入5mg/ml的SMCC溶液15μL，室温静置30min，用G-25凝胶柱除游离SMCC，收集活化后抗体，4℃保存备用；
3、取1.5mg人源IgG Fc部分，加入10mg/ml的偶联剂2-IT溶液3μL，室温静置20min，加入0.1mol/L的甘氨酸溶液10μl，室温静置5min。用G-25凝胶柱除游离的2-IT，收集活化后抗体，4℃保存备用；
4、将上述活化的IgG抗体与活化的人源IgG Fc部分混合，在pH 7.3的条件下静置20h，用Sephadex 200凝胶纯化柱纯化偶联物，获得连接物浓溶液，4℃保存备用；
5、将IgG-IgG Fc连接物浓溶液用含0.5％牛血清白蛋白、pH 8.0、0.1mol/L 的TRIS缓冲液稀释到0.5μg/ml，即得PCNA自身免疫性抗原的阳性血清。
(四)用欧蒙公司生产的自免原(PCNA)IgG抗体检测盒对实施例2制备得到的阳性血清进行测定，结果如表6：
表6
Figure PCTCN2014091115-appb-000007
注：欧蒙自免抗体IgG(IgM,IgA)检测：cut off值为20RU/mL，即>20RU/mL判断为阳性，<20RU/mL判断为阴性；
从表6可见，3批次(LOT 140403、LOT 140517、LOT 140802)的阳性血清质控样本，用欧蒙自免原IgG检测试剂盒测定为阳性样本，3倍、9倍稀释后仍为阳性。另外从表格中可以看到，质控样本倍比稀释后，测定值也为倍比稀释的。综合说明我们的样本制备成功，可以作为样本用于试剂盒的质控。
以上对本发明做了详尽的描述，其目的在于让熟悉此领域技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并加以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围，凡根据本发明的精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种自身免疫性抗原阳性血清的纯化制备方法，包括用自身免疫性抗原对健康动物进行免疫、采血后获得抗血清的步骤和对所述的抗血清进行纯化获得阳性血清的步骤，其特征在于：所述的纯化的具体方法为：
    对所述的抗血清进行亲和纯化得到抗体IgG；将所述的抗体IgG和人源IgG Fc或人源IgM Fc或人源IgA Fc按质量比为1:1～2偶联后，经分离纯化获得IgG-IgG Fc连接物浓溶液或IgG-IgM Fc连接物浓溶液或IgG-IgA Fc连接物浓溶液，将所述的IgG-IgG Fc连接物浓溶液或所述的IgG-IgM Fc连接物浓溶液或所述的IgG-IgA Fc连接物浓溶液稀释至浓度为0.5～1μg/ml，即得所述的阳性血清。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的自身免疫性抗原阳性血清的纯化制备方法，其特征在于：采用琼脂糖亲和介质或者采用免疫亲和层析柱进行所述的亲和纯化。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的自身免疫性抗原阳性血清的纯化制备方法，其特征在于：所述的琼脂糖亲和介质为Protein-A sepharose CL-4B。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的自身免疫性抗原阳性血清的纯化制备方法，其特征在于：所述的免疫亲和层析柱为所述的自身免疫性抗原与琼脂糖凝胶连接成的亲和层析柱。
  5. 根据权利要求2或4所述的自身免疫性抗原阳性血清的纯化制备方法，其特征在于：所述的抗血清先经过硫酸铵处理后，再采用所述的免疫亲和层析柱进行所述的亲和纯化。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的自身免疫性抗原阳性血清的纯化制备方法，其特征在于：所述的人源IgG Fc或人源IgM Fc或人源IgA Fc，是将人源IgG或人源IgM或人源IgA溶解在木瓜蛋白酶消化液中，再用木瓜蛋白酶进行消化，然后用碘乙酰胺终止消化反应后，用琼脂糖亲和介质提取获得的。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的自身免疫性抗原阳性血清的纯化制备方法，其特征在于：所述的IgG抗体和所述的人源IgG Fc或人源IgM Fc或人源IgA Fc通过2-亚胺四氢噻吩偶联剂或4-(N-马来酰亚胺基甲基)环己烷-1-羧酸琥珀酰亚胺酯偶联剂活化后，在pH7.2～7.4的条件下进行所述的偶联。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的自身免疫性抗原阳性血清的纯化制备方法，其特征在于：所述的2-亚胺四氢噻吩偶联剂的浓度为9～11mg/ml，所述的4-(N-马来酰亚胺基甲基)环己烷-1-羧酸琥珀酰亚胺酯偶联剂的浓度为4～6mg/ml。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的自身免疫性抗原阳性血清的纯化制备方法，其特征在于：采用Sephadex 200凝胶纯化柱进行所述的分离纯化。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的自身免疫性抗原阳性血清的纯化制备方法，其特征在于：采用含质量比为0.4～0.6％的牛血清白蛋白、pH7.5～8.5、0.09～0.11mol/L的三羟甲基氨基甲烷缓冲液将所述的IgG-IgG Fc连接物浓溶液或IgG-IgM Fc连接物浓溶液或IgG-IgA Fc连接物浓溶液进行所述的稀释。
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