WO2016059853A1

WO2016059853A1 - Power control device and power control system provided with same

Info

Publication number: WO2016059853A1
Application number: PCT/JP2015/072165
Authority: WO
Inventors: 晋吾加藤
Original assignee: シャープ株式会社
Priority date: 2014-10-17
Filing date: 2015-08-05
Publication date: 2016-04-21
Also published as: JPWO2016059853A1; JP6386579B2

Abstract

A power control system is provided with a circuit breaker, a distribution unit, a power load, a power control device, and a current measurement unit. The circuit breaker breaks a current carrying passage when a current equal to or more than a breaking current value flows. The distribution unit distributes reception power received from a power source via the circuit breaker. The power control device supplies supply power to the power load by using power output from the distribution unit. The current measurement unit measures a current value of the reception power. When the current value of the reception power exceeds a target current value less than the breaking current value, the power control device suppresses the supply power.

Description

Power control apparatus and power control system including the same

The present invention relates to a power control system including a power control device.

Generally, the power that can be used by power consumers is limited according to the contract with the power supplier. Therefore, when the current value of the received power of the power consumer exceeds the cutoff current value according to the contract with the power supplier, the breaker connected between the power consumer's power system and the commercial power system is activated. As a result, power supply to the power consumer is interrupted. At this time, the electric power consumer cannot use any electrical equipment that uses the received electric power as a power source, which is very inconvenient and sometimes loses the work result until it is shut off. For example, in a desktop PC, data that was being worked on before being shut off may be lost. In addition, during the period until the total current value of power used by the power consumer becomes less than the cutoff current value, the breaker cannot be recovered to stop the cutoff. Moreover, since the recovery of the breaker is usually performed manually, the recovery work is troublesome, especially at night or when the breaker is installed in a dark place.

An example of a conventional technique for avoiding such breaker interruption is the energy management system disclosed in Patent Document 1. In this system, the received power value of a power consumer is measured and compared with the upper limit power value, and the power consumption of the electric device is limited when the received power value exceeds the upper limit power value.

JP 2008-104310 A

However, as described above, the breaker operates to cut off the received power when the current value of the received power exceeds the cutoff current value. Therefore, if it is attempted to prevent the breaker from being interrupted by limiting the power consumption based on the measurement result of the power value as in Patent Document 1, the breaker may operate even if the received power value does not exceed the upper limit power value. For example, if the voltage of the received power is lowered due to voltage fluctuations in the commercial power system, the current value of the received power may exceed the cutoff current value even if the received power value does not exceed the upper limit power value. In such a case, the breaker operates to cut off the received power while the power consumption of the electric device is not limited. Therefore, the technique of Patent Document 1 cannot sufficiently prevent the breaker from being cut off.

In general, the breaking characteristics of breakers vary depending on the specifications, usage environment, and characteristics of the electrical equipment that consumes the received power. Therefore, in order to prevent the breaker from being cut off, it is necessary to minimize the excess amount of current value and the excess time thereof. However, Patent Document 1 makes no mention of these.

In view of the above situation, an object of the present invention is to provide a power control device capable of sufficiently reducing the frequency with which a circuit breaker cuts off received power, and a power control system including the same.

In order to achieve the above object, a power control apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention distributes received power received from a power source via a circuit breaker that interrupts an energization path when a current greater than or equal to a cutoff current value flows. Whether the current value of the received power measured by the current measurement unit exceeds the target current value less than the cut-off current value, wherein the power control device supplies power to the power load using the power output from the power distribution unit A determination unit that determines whether or not, and a power adjustment unit that suppresses supply power when the determination unit determines that the current value exceeds the target current value.

In the above power control device, the power adjustment unit may be configured to change the current value of the received power toward a predetermined value less than the cutoff current value by suppressing the supplied power.

In the above power control device, when the current value of the received power is larger than the target current value and exceeds the upper limit set value below the breaking current value, the power adjustment unit is much larger than when the current value is less than or equal to the upper limit set value. Alternatively, the power supply may be suppressed. Alternatively, the power adjustment unit may be configured to reduce the supplied power to zero.

In the above-described power control device, the power adjustment unit may be configured to suppress the supplied power when the number of times that the current value of the received power exceeds the target current value exceeds the set number.

The above power control apparatus may further include a temperature detection unit that detects the temperature of the circuit breaker, and the power adjustment unit may further suppress supply power based on a detection result of the temperature detection unit.

The power control apparatus may further include a condition setting unit that sets a supply power adjustment condition, and the condition setting unit may be configured to lower the target current value in accordance with a temperature rise of the circuit breaker. Alternatively, the condition setting unit may be configured to reduce the set number of times according to the temperature rise of the circuit breaker. Alternatively, the condition setting unit may be configured to increase the suppression amount of the supplied power in accordance with the temperature rise of the circuit breaker.

In the above power control device, the power control unit further includes a history storage unit that stores, in the storage unit, cutoff history information that records conditions relating to suppression of supplied power every time the circuit breaker cuts off the received power, and the power adjustment unit further includes a cutoff history The structure which suppresses supply electric power based on information may be sufficient.

In the above power control apparatus, the interruption history information may record a cutoff date and time when the circuit breaker cuts off the received power, and the power adjustment unit may further suppress supply power based on the cutoff date and time.

In order to achieve the above object, a power control system according to an aspect of the present invention includes a circuit breaker that cuts off an energization path when a current equal to or greater than a breaking current value flows, and a power reception that receives power from a power source via the circuit breaker. A power distribution unit that distributes power; a power load; a power control device that supplies power to the power load using power output from the power distribution unit; and a current measurement unit that measures a current value of received power When the current value of the received power exceeds the target current value less than the cut-off current value, the power control device is configured to suppress the supplied power.

In the above power control system, there may be a configuration in which there are a plurality of power control devices and power loads whose supply power is adjusted by the power control devices, and the adjustment conditions of the supply power are different for each power control device. .

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a power control device that can sufficiently reduce the frequency with which a circuit breaker cuts off received power, and a power control system including the power control device.

It is a schematic structure figure showing an example of a V2H system concerning a 1st embodiment. It is a flowchart for demonstrating an example of the power control process of PCS in the case of electrically storing EV in 1st Embodiment. It is a graph which shows an example of electric power control in a 1st embodiment. It is a flowchart for demonstrating an example of the power control method of PCS in the 1st modification of 1st Embodiment. It is a graph which shows an example of electric power control in the 1st modification of a 1st embodiment. It is a flowchart for demonstrating another example of the power control method of PCS in the 1st modification of 1st Embodiment. It is a flowchart for demonstrating an example of the power control method of PCS in the 2nd modification of 1st Embodiment. It is a schematic block diagram which shows an example of the V2H system which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a graph which shows an example of electric power control in case detection temperature is 10 ° C in a 3rd embodiment. It is a graph which shows an example of electric power control in case detection temperature is 40 ° C in a 3rd embodiment. It is a schematic block diagram which shows an example of the V2H system which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a schematic block diagram which shows another example of the V2H system which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a schematic block diagram which shows another example of the V2H system which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a graph which shows the target electric current value set with respect to the frequency | count of interruption | blocking in the latest unit time. It is a schematic block diagram which shows an example of the V2H system which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is a graph which shows an example of electric power control in a 4th embodiment.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

<First Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of a V2H (Vehicle to Home) system 100 according to the first embodiment. The V2H system 100 is an electric power system that can supply electric power stored in a power storage device included in an automobile to another electric power load L in the system. Examples of such vehicles include EV (Electric Vehicle: electric vehicle), PHV (Plug-in Hybrid Vehicle), FCV (Fuel Cell Vehicle: fuel cell vehicle), etc., which are indicated by reference numeral L1 in FIG. Can be mentioned.

Further, the V2H system 100 is connected to the commercial power system E (that is, an external power source) via a power receiving point (not shown), and supplies the power Wa received from the commercial power system E to the power load L. Hereinafter, the power Wa received from the commercial power system E and its current Ia (or its value) are referred to as the received power Wa and the received current Ia (or the received current value Ia), respectively. Moreover, the electric power load L is comprised including EV L1 and the electric power consumption load L2. The EV L1 is a power variable load in which setting of power consumption (that is, power required for power storage) is variable, and includes a power storage device (not shown) having a power storage / discharge function. The power consumption load L2 is an electric device that performs only power consumption, such as a home electric device.

A current sensor 101 is attached to the main energizing path P1 connecting the commercial power system E and the V2H system 100. The current sensor 101 is a current measurement unit that measures a received current value Ia received from the commercial power system E, and outputs a current measurement signal indicating the measurement result to the power conditioner 1. Hereinafter, the power conditioner 1 is referred to as PCS (Power Conditioning System) 1. In addition, the current sensor 101 is not particularly limited, but a CT (Current Transfer), a Hall element, a shunt (current shunt), or the like can be used.

The received power Wa received through the main energization path P1 is divided by the distribution board 102 and distributed to the power load L through the branch energization path P2. The distribution board 102 is a power distribution unit that includes a main breaker 103 and a branch breaker 104.

The main breaker 103 is a circuit breaker connected to the main energization path P1, and includes a tripping device (not shown) having an open / close mechanism for electrically connecting the main energization path P1. In this trip device, the main energization path P1 is turned on when the received current value Ia is equal to or less than the threshold value Ic, but the main energization path P1 is turned off when the received current value Ia exceeds the threshold value Ic. The received power Wa is cut off. Hereinafter, the threshold value Ic of the main breaker 103 is referred to as a cut-off current value Ic. This cut-off current value Ic is a specific current value depending on the specifications of the main breaker 103. The specifications of the main breaker 103 are determined according to the contract contents between the owner of the V2H system 100 (that is, the electric power consumer) and the electric power supplier.

The branch breaker 104 is a distribution breaker connected to the branch energization path P <b> 2 through which the electric power divided in the distribution board 102 flows. The branch breaker 104 cuts off the electric power when the current value of the electric power flowing through the branch energization path P2 exceeds a threshold value. This threshold value is also a specific current value depending on the specifications of the branch breaker 104.

Further, a part of the power divided in the distribution board 102 is supplied to the EV L1 through the PCS1. The PCS 1 is a power control device that controls the power supplied to the EV L1, the storage / discharge function of the power storage device provided in the EV L1, and the like. Hereinafter, the electric power Ws supplied to the EV L1 and the current Is (or the value thereof) are referred to as the supplied electric power Ws and the supplied electric current Is, respectively.

Next, a specific configuration of the PCS 1 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the PCS 1 includes a bidirectional inverter 11, a bidirectional DC / DC converter 12, an input unit 13, a memory 14, and a control unit 15. In addition, the PCS 1 may include a display unit (not shown).

The bidirectional inverter 11 is a bidirectional power converter that performs AC / DC power conversion or DC / AC power conversion based on a control signal output from the control unit 15, and is bidirectional DC / DC via the bus line BL. Connected to the converter 12. A smoothing capacitor (not shown) is connected to the bus line BL. For example, when the bidirectional inverter 11 performs power conversion in the direction A of FIG. 1, the AC power distributed from the distribution board 102 is converted into DC power and output to the bus line BL. When the bidirectional inverter 11 performs power conversion in the direction B, the direct-current power flowing through the bus line BL is converted into alternating current power and output to the distribution board 102 through the branch energization path P2. Switching of the power conversion directions A and B of the bidirectional inverter 11 and the amount of power conversion in each direction A and B are controlled by the control unit 15.

The bidirectional DC / DC converter 12 is a DC power conversion unit that performs DC / DC power conversion based on a control signal output from the control unit 15, and is connected between the bus line BL and the EV L1. For example, when the bidirectional DC / DC converter 12 performs power conversion in the direction a in FIG. 1, the direct current power flowing through the bus line BL is converted into direct current power having a voltage value or a current value according to the specification of the EV L1, and the EV L1. Output to. In addition, when the bidirectional DC / DC converter 12 performs power conversion in the direction b, the discharge power output from the EV L1 is converted into direct current power having a voltage value or a current value according to the specification of the bidirectional inverter 11, and a bus. Output to line BL. Switching of the power conversion directions a and b of the bidirectional DC / DC converter 12 and the amount of power conversion in each direction a and b are controlled by the control unit 15.

The input unit 13 receives a user operation input and outputs an input signal based on the operation input to the control unit 15.

The memory 14 is a non-volatile storage medium that stores data non-temporarily. The memory 14 stores, for example, programs and control information used by the components of the PCS 1 (particularly the control unit 15). Further, the memory 14 stores information related to the components of the V2H system 100, for example, information related to the control of the cutoff current value Ic of the main breaker 103, the threshold value of the branch breaker 104, and the received power Wa (a target current value It described below, the number n of excesses). The threshold value m) is also stored.

The control unit 15 is a control unit that controls each component of the PCS 1 using a program and control information stored in the memory 14. The control unit 15 includes a determination unit 151 and a power adjustment unit 152 as functional components.

The determination unit 151 performs various determinations by comparing the received current value Ia indicated by the current measurement signal with the comparison value. This comparison value is a value stored in the memory 14 (target current value It, upper limit set value Iu, cutoff current value Ic, etc. described later), EV L1 allowable supply current value (that is, maximum value or rated value of supply current Is) ) Etc. For example, the determination unit 151 compares the received current value Ia with the target current value It, and determines whether or not the received current value Ia exceeds the target current value It.

The power adjustment unit 152 adjusts the supplied power Ws supplied to the EV L1 by PWM control of the bidirectional inverter 11 based on the received current value Ia in order to prevent the main breaker 103 from being cut off. In response to the adjustment of the supplied power Ws, the received current value Ia of the received power Wa is controlled and continuously changes within a range less than the cutoff current value Ic.

For example, the power adjustment unit 152 adjusts the supply current Is and proportionally controls the received current value Ia according to the adjustment amount. By this proportional control, the received current value Ia is controlled so as to change toward the target current value It within a numerical range that is less than the cut-off current value Ic and the target current value It is the central value. That is, the received current value Ia continuously decreases within the numerical range according to the suppression amount of the supply current Is, and continuously within the numerical range according to the increase amount (reduced suppression amount) of the supply current Is. Increase. This target current value It is set to a value obtained by multiplying the breaking current value Ic by the first safety factor S1 (0 <S1 <1.0). Therefore, when the received current value Ia is higher than the target current value It, the supply current Is is reduced according to the difference between the received current value Ia and the target current value It so as to suppress the supply power Ws to the EV L1. When the received current value Ia is lower than the target current value It, the supply current Is is increased in order to increase the supply power Ws to the allowable supply power value of EV L1 (that is, the maximum or rated supply power Ws).

Next, power control processing by the PCS 1 will be described. FIG. 2 is a flowchart for explaining an example of the power control process of the PCS 1 when the EV L1 is stored in the first embodiment.

First, the received current value Ia is measured by the current sensor 101 (step S101), and it is determined whether or not the received current value Ia exceeds the target current value It (step S102). On the other hand, when it is determined that the received current value Ia exceeds the target current value It (YES in step S102), the supplied current Is to the EV L1 is decreased to proportionally control the received current Ia (step S104). Then, the process returns to step S101.

On the other hand, when it is not determined that the received current value Ia exceeds the target current value It (NO in step S102), it is determined whether the received current value Ia is lower than the target current value It (step 110). If it is not determined that the received current value Ia is lower than the target current value It (NO in step S110), the process returns to step S101. On the other hand, when it is determined that the received current value Ia is lower than the target current value It (YES in step S110), it is determined whether or not the supply power Ws of the EV L1 is lower than the allowable supply power value (step S111). This determination may be made based on whether or not the value of the supply current Is is lower than the allowable supply current value, or may be determined by the PCS 1 based on the value of the supply power Ws.

If it is not determined that the supplied power Ws is lower than the allowable supply power value (NO in step S111), the process returns to step S101. On the other hand, when it is determined that the supplied power Ws is lower than the allowable supply power value (YES in step S111), the supply current Is to the EV L1 is increased to proportionally control the received current Ia (step S112). Then, the process returns to step S101.

Next, an example of power control according to the process of FIG. 2 will be described. FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating an example of power control in the first embodiment. In FIG. 3, the received current value Ia is monitored every predetermined time, but the time interval of this monitoring is not particularly limited. Moreover, it is not limited to this illustration, The received electric current value Ia may be monitored continuously. These are the same in other figures (for example, FIG. 5, FIG. 9A, FIG. 9B, and FIG. 14 described later).

In FIG. 3, the power consumption of the power consumption load L2 increases between time points t1 and t6. From time t1 to time t3, the received current value Ia is lower than the target current value It, but the supply current Is has not increased because it has reached the allowable supply current value of EV L1 corresponding to the allowable supply power value.

When the received current value Ia exceeds the target current value It at time t4, the PCS 1 decreases the supply current Is to suppress the supply power Ws. If the state of Ia> It continues at time t5 and t6, the PCS1 further decreases the supply current Is. When the received current value Ia becomes less than the target current value It at time t7, the PCS 1 increases the supply current Is in order to reduce the suppression of the supply power Ws. When the received current value Ia again exceeds the target current value It at time t8, the PCS 1 decreases the supply current Is in order to suppress the supply power Ws. From time t9 to t11 thereafter, similar proportional control is performed, and the received power Wa is controlled so that the received current value Ia changes in the vicinity of the target current value It or converges to the target current value It.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the power control device 1 distributes the received power Wa received from the power source E via the circuit breaker 103 that cuts off the energization path P1 when a current greater than or equal to the cutoff current value Ic flows. The power control device 1 supplies the supply power Ws to the power load L1 using the power output from the power distribution unit 102, and the current value Ia of the received power Wa measured by the current measurement unit 101 is the cutoff current value A determination unit 151 that determines whether or not a target current value It that is less than Ic is exceeded, and a power adjustment unit that suppresses the supplied power Ws when the determination unit 151 determines that the current value Ia exceeds the target current value It. 152.

In addition, according to the present embodiment, the power control system 100 receives power from the power source E via the circuit breaker 103 and the circuit breaker 103 that breaks the energization path P <b> 1 when a current greater than or equal to the breaking current value Ic flows. The power distribution unit 102 that divides the received power Wa, the power load L1, the power control device 1 that supplies the supplied power Ws to the power load L1 using the power output from the power distribution unit 102, and the received power Wa A current measuring unit 101 that measures the current value Ia, and when the current value Ia of the received power Wa exceeds a target current value It that is less than the cutoff current value Ic, the power control device 1 suppresses the supplied power Ws. Is done.

According to these configurations, when the current value Ia of the received power Wa exceeds the target current value It, the supplied power Ws supplied to the power load L1 is suppressed. Therefore, the current value Ia of the received power Wa can be reduced so as not to exceed the cutoff current value Ic. Alternatively, the current excess time during which the current value Ia exceeds the breaking current value Ic can be minimized. Therefore, the breaking operation of the circuit breaker 103 can be suppressed or prevented. In addition, since such power adjustment is performed based on the current value Ia of the received power Wa, even if the power source E fluctuates in voltage or the power factor of the received power Wa decreases, the power adjustment becomes the power value. It is possible to suppress or prevent the circuit breaker 103 from being interrupted more accurately than in the case where it is performed based on the above. Therefore, the frequency with which the circuit breaker 103 interrupts the received power Wa can be sufficiently reduced.

Furthermore, the power control apparatus 1 can suppress the supplied power Ws by acquiring the current value Ia of the received power Wa through the shortest path without using a HEMS (Home Energy Management System) or the like. Therefore, the response time from the acquisition of the current value Ia to the suppression of the supplied power Ws can be shortened as much as possible.

In the power control device 1 described above, the power adjustment unit 152 may be configured to change the current value Ia of the received power Wa toward the predetermined value It less than the cut-off current value Ic by suppressing the supplied power Ws.

According to this configuration, it is possible to prevent the current value Ia of the received power Wa from changing over the vicinity of the predetermined value It or to converge to the predetermined value It so as not to exceed the cut-off current value Ic. In addition, hunting of the current value Ia of the received power Wa can be suppressed and smoothly changed.

(First modification of the first embodiment)
Note that the power control process by the PCS 1 may be performed using the target current value It and a current value Iu that is set to be larger than the target current value It and equal to or less than the cutoff current value Ic. Hereinafter, this current value Iu is referred to as an upper limit set value Iu. That is, this power control process may be performed according to a comparison result between the received current value Ia, the target current value It, and the upper limit set value Iu. In this case, the upper limit set value Iu is set to a value obtained by multiplying the breaking current value Ic by the second safety coefficient S2 (S1 <S2 <1). Alternatively, it may be a current value corresponding to the contract power (that is, the cutoff current value Ic of the main breaker 103 and S2 = 1.0).

FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining an example of the power control method of the PCS 1 in the first modification of the first embodiment. In FIG. 4, the same processes as those in FIG. 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof may be omitted.

In FIG. 4, when it is determined that the received current value Ia measured by the current sensor 101 exceeds the target current value It (YES in step S102), it is determined whether the received current value Ia exceeds the upper limit set value Iu. If it is not determined that the received current value Ia exceeds the upper limit set value Iu (NO in step S103), the supply current Is to the EV L1 is decreased to proportionally control the received current Ia (step S104). ). Then, the process returns to step S101.

On the other hand, when it is determined that the received current value Ia exceeds the upper limit set value Iu (YES in step S103), the supply current Is is set to 0 (step S107). Then, the process returns to step S101.

Next, an example of power control according to the process of FIG. 4 will be described. FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating an example of power control in the first modification of the first embodiment. In FIG. 5, the power consumption of the power consumption load L2 increases from the time point t1 to the time point t6. When the received current value Ia exceeds the upper limit set value Iu at time t4, the PCS 1 sets the supply current Is to 0 and sets the supply power Ws to 0. When Ia <It as at time points t5 and t6, the PCS1 increases the supply current Is in order to reduce the suppression of the supply power Ws. When the received current value Ia exceeds the target current value It at time t7, the PCS 1 decreases the supply current Is to suppress the supply power Ws. Similar power control is performed at subsequent times t8 to t11, and the received power Wa is controlled so that the received current value Ia changes in the vicinity of the target current value It or converges to the target current value It.

Note that the current adjustment amount (that is, the current suppression amount) subtracted from the supply current Is when the power reception current value Ia exceeds the upper limit set value Iu is the same current as the supply current Is at step S107 in FIG. 4 and time t5 in FIG. Although the reduction amount ΔIu (= Is) is set, the current reduction amount ΔIu is not limited to this example. The current reduction amount ΔIu may be set to a current reduction amount that is greater than 0 and less than the supply current Is (that is, 0 <ΔIu <Is). Further, the current reduction amount ΔIu is larger than the current adjustment amount in the case of It <Ia <Iu. In this way, when the power reception current value Ia exceeds the upper limit set value Iu, the supply current Is can be more significantly suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to more reliably suppress or prevent the power reception current value Ia from exceeding the cutoff current value Ic.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining another example of the power control method of the PCS 1 in the first modification of the first embodiment. In FIG. 6, the same processes as those in FIG. 3 or FIG. 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof may be omitted.

In FIG. 6, when it is determined that the received current value Ia exceeds the upper limit set value Iu (YES in step S103), the supply current Is is decreased according to the current reduction amount ΔIu (step S108), and the process proceeds to step S101. Return.

According to the first modification described above, when the current value Ia exceeds the upper limit set value Iu that is larger than the target current value It and less than or equal to the cut-off current value Ic, the power control unit 152 It is good also as a structure which suppresses supply electric power Ws significantly compared with the case where Ia is below upper limit setting value Iu. Alternatively, the power adjustment unit 152 may be configured to reduce the supplied power Ws to zero.

According to this configuration, when the current value Ia of the received power Wa exceeding the target current value It further exceeds the upper limit set value Iu and approaches the cutoff current value Ic, the supply power Ws is further reduced or reduced to 0, The current value Ia of the received power Wa can be greatly reduced. Therefore, the frequency with which the circuit breaker 103 interrupts the received power Wa can be further reduced.

(Second modification of the first embodiment)
In the first modified example, suppression of the supplied power Ws by the PCS 1 is performed immediately when the current value of the received power Ia exceeds the upper limit set value Iu. In other words, the suppression is performed when the excess number n in which the power receiving current value Ia exceeds the upper limit set value Iu is one, but may be performed when the excess number n is a plurality of times. FIG. 7 is a flowchart for explaining an example of the power control method of the PCS 1 in the second modification of the first embodiment. The excess number n is set to 0 at the start of FIG. In FIG. 7, the same processing as that in FIG. 3, FIG. 4, or FIG.

In FIG. 7, when it is determined that the received current value Ia measured by the current sensor 101 exceeds the upper limit set value Iu (YES in step S103), 1 is added to the excess number n (step S105), and the excess number n Whether or not has reached a preset number of times m (m is an integer of 2 or more) is determined (step S106). If it is not determined that the excess number n has reached the set number m (NO in step S106), the process returns to step S101 after step S104 is performed.

On the other hand, when it is determined that the excess number n has reached the set number m (YES in step S106), the supply current Is is set to 0 in step S107. Instead of step S107, the same processing as step S108 in FIG. 6 may be performed until Ia <Iu. Thereafter, the excess number n is reset and set to 0 (step S109), and the process returns to step S101.

According to the second modification described above, in the power control apparatus 1, the power adjustment unit 152 causes the supplied power Ws to be supplied when the excess number n determined that the current value Ia exceeds the target current value It exceeds the set number m. It is good also as a structure which suppresses.

According to this configuration, the possibility that the circuit breaker 103 cuts off the received power Wa increases with an increase in the numerical value of the set number m, but the frequency at which the supplied power Ws is suppressed can be reduced. Therefore, stable power can be supplied to the power variable load L1 while suppressing interruption of the received power Wa.

Second Embodiment
Next, a second embodiment will be described. In the second embodiment, the V2H system 100 further includes a temperature sensor 105 that detects the temperature of the main breaker 103. Based on the detection result of the temperature sensor 105, the power control condition of the supply power Ws (adjustment condition of the supply current Is by the PCS 1) is determined. The rest is the same as in the first embodiment. Hereinafter, a configuration different from the first embodiment will be described. Moreover, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the structure part similar to 1st Embodiment, and the description may be abbreviate | omitted.

FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of the V2H system 100 according to the second embodiment. In the V2H system 100, a temperature sensor 105 is arranged in the casing (not shown) of the main breaker 103 or in the vicinity thereof inside the distribution board 102. The temperature sensor 105 is a temperature detection unit that detects the temperature of the main breaker 103, and outputs the detection result to the PCS 1 as a temperature detection signal.

Further, the memory 14 stores a data table in which the adjustment condition of the supplied power Ws is set for each temperature of the main breaker 103, and the control unit 15 of the PCS 1 includes a condition setting unit 153 as a functional element. The condition setting unit 153 determines an adjustment condition for the supplied power Ws based on the temperature detection signal and the data table. The adjustment condition determined by the condition setting unit 153 becomes stricter as the detected temperature indicated by the temperature detection signal becomes higher.

Note that the operating characteristics of the shut-off operation of the main breaker 103 change according to the structure of the trip device due to the influence of temperature change. For example, if the tripping device is a thermal type, the cutoff threshold value Ic of the main breaker 103 decreases as the ambient temperature increases and increases as the ambient temperature decreases. If the tripping device is electromagnetic, the operation time from the time when the receiving current Ia exceeds the cutoff threshold Ic to the time when the tripping device cuts off the receiving current Ia becomes shorter as the ambient temperature becomes higher. The lower the temperature, the longer. Further, in the semiconductor tripping device, the influence of the temperature change is less than that in the thermal type and the electromagnetic type, but the cutoff threshold value Ic and the operation time change according to the circuit configuration in the device. In order to cope with such a change in operating characteristics of the main breaker 103, the power control condition (adjustment condition) of the supplied power Ws is changed according to the detection result of the temperature sensor 105.

For example, the target current value It is set low as the temperature of the main breaker 103 increases. FIG. 9A is a graph showing an example of power control when the detected temperature is 10 ° C. in the third embodiment. FIG. 9B is a graph showing an example of power control when the detected temperature is 40 ° C. in the third embodiment. The received current value Ia is controlled so as to shift or converge around the target current value It1 set to 55 [A] in FIG. 9A, and transition around the target current value It2 set to 45 [A] in FIG. 9B. Or it is controlled to converge. That is, when the temperature of the main breaker 103 rises, the difference between the cut-off current value Ic and the target current value It is expanded, but as shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, the received current value Ia changes around a lower current value. Or it converges to a lower current value. Therefore, the higher the temperature of the main breaker 103, the more difficult the received current value Ia exceeds the cutoff current value Ic of the main breaker 103.

9A and 9B, the target current value It is changed according to the temperature change, but the adjustment condition to be changed is not limited to this example. For example, the current adjustment amount for one time of the supply current Is may be increased in accordance with the temperature rise. Alternatively, when the upper limit set value Iu is set, the upper limit set value Iu may be set so as to decrease as the temperature rises. When the power control of the supplied power Ws is started when the excess number n reaches a plurality of times, the threshold value m for the excess number n may be set to decrease as the temperature rises. Note that any of these adjustment conditions can be selected or combined.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the power control device 1 further includes the temperature detection unit 105 that detects the temperature of the circuit breaker 103, and the power adjustment unit 152 further supplies power based on the detection result of the temperature detection unit 105. It is set as the structure which suppresses Ws.

According to this configuration, it is possible to reduce the breaking frequency of the circuit breaker 103 due to the change in the operating characteristics according to the temperature rise. When the temperature of the circuit breaker 103 or its surroundings increases, the operating characteristics such as the breaking time and the breaking current value Ic change according to the type of the circuit breaker 103. Therefore, it is possible to suppress or prevent the circuit breaker 103 from being interrupted due to a change in operating characteristics by suppressing the supply power Ws under more severe conditions in accordance with the temperature rise of the circuit breaker 103.

The power control apparatus 1 may further include a condition setting unit 153 that sets an adjustment condition for the supplied power Ws, and the condition setting unit 153 may be configured to reduce the target current value It according to the temperature rise of the circuit breaker 103. Good. Further, the condition setting unit 153 may be configured to reduce the set number m in accordance with the temperature rise of the circuit breaker 103. In addition, the condition setting unit 153 may be configured to increase the suppression amount of the supplied power Ws according to the temperature rise of the circuit breaker 103.

According to these configurations, the target current value It can be lowered, the set number m can be reduced, or the amount of suppression of the supplied power Ws can be increased in accordance with the temperature rise of the circuit breaker 103.

<Third Embodiment>
Next, a third embodiment will be described. In the third embodiment, the power control condition of the supply power Ws (adjustment condition of the supply current Is by the PCS 1) is determined according to the number of times that the main breaker 103 is interrupted. The rest is the same as in the first embodiment. Hereinafter, a configuration different from the first embodiment will be described. Moreover, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the component similar to 1st and 2nd embodiment, and the description may be abbreviate | omitted.

FIG. 10 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of the V2H system 100 according to the third embodiment. In the V2H system 100, a power reception monitoring unit 106 that monitors the power reception state of the received power Wa is arranged in the front stage of the main circuit breaker 103 in the main power supply path P <b> 1. The PCS 1 is provided with a timer 16. The timer 16 is a time measuring unit that measures an elapsed time from a predetermined time, a current time, and the like.

The power reception monitoring unit 106 detects a power failure (including a momentary power failure) in the commercial power system E, and outputs a power failure detection signal indicating the detection result to the PCS 1. The power reception monitoring unit 106 may be a power failure detector or a voltmeter that detects the potential of a power reception point. Further, the power reception monitoring unit 106 may be externally attached to the PCS 1 as illustrated in FIG. 10 or may be incorporated in the PCS 1.

The determination unit 151 of the PCS 1 determines whether or not the main breaker 103 has performed the operation of cutting off the received power Wa based on the power failure detection signal and the current measurement signal. For example, when the power failure detection signal does not indicate a power failure and the current measurement signal is not 0, the determination unit 151 determines that the main breaker 103 is not performing a cutoff operation. Moreover, when the power failure detection signal does not indicate a power failure and the current measurement signal is 0, the determination unit 151 determines that the main breaker 103 is performing a shut-off operation. When the power failure detection signal indicates a power failure, the determination unit 151 determines that the commercial power system E has a power failure.

Note that the configuration for monitoring the power receiving state of the received power Wa is not limited to the example shown in FIG. 11A and 11B are schematic configuration diagrams illustrating another example of the V2H system 100 according to the third embodiment. For example, as shown in FIG. 11A, the power reception monitoring unit 106 may be connected to the front stage and the rear stage of the main breaker 103, and the individual power reception monitoring unit 106 is provided in each of the front stage and the rear stage of the main breaker 103. Also good. In this way, in addition to the received power Wa input to the main breaker 103, the received power Wa output from the main breaker 103 can also be monitored. Alternatively, as illustrated in FIG. 11B, the V2H system 100 may include a cutoff monitoring unit 107 that monitors the cutoff operation of the main breaker 103. The interruption monitoring unit 107 has an auxiliary contact unit (not shown) linked to the tripping device, and determines the interruption operation of the main breaker 103 based on the state of the auxiliary contact unit (whether it is in a conductive state or the like). The discrimination result is output to PCS1. Moreover, the interruption | blocking monitoring part 107 may be externally attached to PCS1 like FIG. 11B, and may be incorporated in PCS1. In this way, even if other power sources (not shown) such as a solar power generation unit and a gas power generation unit are connected to the V2H system 100 (particularly the main power supply path P1), a power failure (instantaneous power failure) of the commercial power system E can be achieved. Can be detected more reliably. Therefore, it can be more accurately determined whether or not the main breaker 103 has performed the shut-off operation regardless of whether or not the commercial power system E has a power failure.

Next, the control unit 15 of the PCS 1 includes a condition setting unit 153 and a history storage unit 154 as functional elements. When the determination unit 151 determines that the main breaker 103 has performed a blocking operation, the history storage unit 154 stores the blocking history information of the main breaker 103 in the memory 14. The shut-off history information includes the date and time when the main breaker 103 is shut off, the state of the V2H system 100 (for example, the adjustment conditions of the supplied power Ws such as the target current value It and the upper limit set value Iu, and the temperature of the main breaker 103). Is recorded at each shut-off time.

When the main breaker 103 is restored and the reception of the received power Wa is started again, the condition setting unit 153 resets the adjustment condition (for example, the target current value It) of the supplied power Ws based on the cutoff history information. FIG. 12 is a graph showing the target current value It set for the number of interruptions within the latest unit time. The unit time is not particularly limited, and can be set to one year, one month, one week, etc., for example. In FIG. 12, the unit time is set to one year, and the target current value It of the receiving current value Ia is set according to the number of times of interruption within one year from the most recent interruption time of the main breaker 103. As shown in FIG. 12, the target current value It is set lower as the number of interruptions is larger, and is set higher as the number of interruptions is smaller.

As the target current value It is set lower, the supplied power Ws is controlled so that the received current value Ia changes or converges to a lower value. Therefore, if the target current value It is reset to a lower value as the number of interruptions increases, the reception current value Ia will not easily exceed the interruption current value Ic of the main breaker 103, so that the interruption of the incoming electric power Wa by the main breaker 103 is suppressed. can do.

Further, as the target current value It is set higher, the supplied power Ws is controlled so that the received current value Ia changes or converges to a higher value. Accordingly, if the target current value It is reset to a higher value in accordance with the decrease in the number of interruptions, the possibility of the main breaker 103 performing the interruption operation is increased, but the received electric power Wa that can be received and used in the V2H system 100 is contracted. It can be increased closer to the power.

Note that the content of the resetting is not limited to the example of FIG. For example, the adjustment condition (power control condition) of the supplied power Ws may be reset according to the length of the time interval from the most recent interruption time point to the previous time point. Further, the adjustment condition of the supplied power Ws to be reset may be the upper limit set value Iu, a single current adjustment value, or the excess of the power control process for the supplied power Ws being started. It may be a threshold value m of the number of times n. These conditions can be reset by selecting or combining any of these conditions.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the power control device 1 stores the history information for storing the interruption history information that records the conditions regarding the suppression of the supplied power Ws every time the circuit breaker 103 interrupts the received power Wa in the storage unit 14. The power adjustment unit 152 is further configured to suppress the supplied power Ws based on the cutoff history information.

According to this configuration, it is possible to reduce the breaking frequency of the circuit breaker 103 without being greatly affected by the difference in environment that differs for each power consumer. For example, the specifications and usage environment of the circuit breaker 103 and the variable power load L1 are different for each power consumer. For this reason, the circuit breaker 103 has a non-uniform shut-off characteristic (for example, the ease of occurrence of a shut-off operation) with respect to the suppression condition of the supplied power Ws. Therefore, the frequency of interruption of the circuit breaker 103 can be more effectively reduced by suppressing the supplied power Ws corresponding to the interruption characteristic of the circuit breaker 103 based on the interruption history information.

In the power control apparatus 1 described above, the interruption history information may record the cutoff date and time when the circuit breaker 103 cuts off the received power Wa, and the power adjustment unit 152 may further suppress the supplied power Ws based on the cutoff date and time. .

According to this configuration, the supplied power Ws can be suppressed based on, for example, the number of interruptions within the latest unit time or the time interval of the most recent interruption date and time.

<Fourth embodiment>
Next, a fourth embodiment will be described. In the fourth embodiment, a plurality of PCSs 1 capable of communicating with each other and a variable power load controlled by the PCS 1 are arranged in the V2H system 100. The rest is the same as in the first embodiment. Hereinafter, a configuration different from the first to third embodiments will be described. The same components as those in the first to third embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof may be omitted.

FIG. 13 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of the V2H system 100 according to the fourth embodiment. Two PCSs 1a and 1b are arranged in the V2H system 100, and each PCS 1a and 1b is provided with a communication unit 17 that performs wired communication or wireless communication with each other. In addition, ranks are set for the PCSs 1a and 1b, and the PCSs 1a and 1b determine the adjustment condition of the supplied power Ws according to the ranks. For example, in FIG. 13, the PCS 1a to which the EV L1 is connected is set to the top (1st), and the PCS 1b to which the power storage unit L3 having a power storage / discharge function is connected is set to the next (2nd). . Stricter adjustment conditions are applied to the 2nd PCS 1b than to the 1st PCS 1a.

FIG. 14 is a graph showing an example of power control in the fourth embodiment. In FIG. 14, the target current value Itb (45 [A]) of the PCS 1 b is set to a value smaller than the target current value Ita (55 [A]) of the PCS 1 a. In addition, the power consumption of the power consumption load L2 increases from time t1 to t6, but does not vary much from time t6 to t11.

First, at time t1, the received current value Ia does not exceed the target current values Ita and Itb. Therefore, each PCS 1a, 1b can be supplied to the variable power load (EV L1, power storage unit L3 without limiting the supplied power Ws. Therefore, the supply current Is to these is not adjusted, and the variable power loads L1, L3 are not adjusted respectively. The current value corresponds to each allowable supply power value.

From time t2 to t4, the received current value Ia is less than the target current value Ita, and Ia> Ita at time t5. Therefore, since the PCS 1a can supply the EV L1 without limiting the supply power Ws between the time points t2 and t5, the supply current Is is not adjusted. On the other hand, since the received current value Ia exceeds the target current value Itb at the time point t2, the PCS 1b starts limiting the supply power Ws to the power storage unit L3 and decreases the supply current Is. When the state of Itb <Ia <It is continued at time t3, the PCS 1b further reduces the supply current Is to the power storage unit L3. When the received current value Ia becomes equal to or less than the target current value Itb at time t4, the PCS 1b increases the supply current Is at time t5.

Further, at time t5, since Ia> Ita is satisfied due to the increase in the power consumption of the power consumption load L2 and the supply current Is of the power storage unit L3, the PCS 1a starts suppressing the supply power Ws.

At time t6, the PCSs 1a and 1b decrease the supply current Is, whereby Itb <Ia <It. Accordingly, at time t7, the PCS 1a increases the supply current Is, and the PCS 1b decreases the supply current Is. When the state of Itb <Ia <Ita continues at time t7, PCS1a further increases the supply current Is and PCS1b further decreases the supply current Is. At time t8, since Ia> Ita> Itb, each PCS 1a, 1b decreases each supply current Is.

From time t9 to t11, Itb <Ia <Ita, so the PCS 1a further increases the supply current Is to reduce the suppression of the supply power Ws to the EV L1, and the PCS 1b further decreases the supply current Is.

As described above, when ranks are set for the PCSs 1a and 1b, a plurality of variable power loads (EV L1 and power storage units L3) arranged in the V2H system 100 are prioritized according to the ranks of the PCSs 1 connected to the PCSs 1a and 1b. Attached. For example, in FIG. 14, EV L1 is ranked 1st, and power storage unit L3 is ranked 2nd. Accordingly, each of the variable power loads L1 and L3 is subjected to power control in an order corresponding to its own priority. Therefore, the V2H system 100 can realize a stable operation. On the other hand, for example, if no order is set for each of the PCSs 1a and 1b, the target current values It may be the same for the PCSs 1a and 1b. In this case, since the PCSs 1a and 1b perform power control at the same time, the adjustment amount of the received current value Ia is doubled and increased. Therefore, there arises a problem that the power control of the V2H system 100 becomes unstable.

In FIG. 14, the target current value It of the supplied power Ws is reset, but the resetting conditions are not limited to these examples. For example, the reset condition may be the upper limit set value Iu (see FIG. 5) or the magnitude of the current adjustment value. These conditions can be reset by selecting or combining any of them.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, in the power control system 100, the power control apparatuses 1a and 1b and the power variable loads L1 and L3 whose supply power Ws is adjusted by the power control apparatuses 1a and 1b are plural. The adjustment conditions for the supplied power Ws are different for each of the power control devices 1a and 1b.

According to this configuration, even if a plurality of variable power loads L1 and L3 are arranged, each variable power load L1 and L3 is adjusted under different conditions for each power control device 1a and 1b connected to itself. Therefore, each power variable load L1, L3 can realize a stable operation. In addition, since the power control device 1 with stricter adjustment conditions adjusts the supply power Ws earlier, it is possible to prioritize the power variable loads L1 and L3 whose supply power Ws is adjusted.

The embodiment of the present invention has been described above. The above-described embodiment is an exemplification, and various modifications can be made to the combination of each component and each process, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that it is within the scope of the present invention.

For example, in the above-described first to fourth embodiments, the EV L1 including the power storage device is cited as an example of the variable power load, but the present invention is not limited to this example. The power variable load may be any device that can variably set the power consumption. Moreover, the power variable load may not have a storage / discharge function.

In the first to fourth embodiments described above, proportional control is cited as an example of control of the received current value Ia and the supply current Is, but the present invention is not limited to this example. The control of the received current value Ia and the supply current Is may be a control that changes around or converges to a predetermined value (for example, the target current value It or the upper limit set value Iu in the case of the received current value Ia). For example, PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) control including differential control and integral control may be used. When the received current value Ia is PID-controlled, the received current value Ia changes based on the received current value Ia after control and the deviation, integration, and differentiation of the predetermined value. Even in this case, the power reception current value Ia and the supply current Is can be changed toward the predetermined value. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the received current value Ia from exceeding the breaking current value Ic by controlling the vicinity of the predetermined value so as to change or converge to the predetermined value. In addition, hunting of the current value Ia of the received power Wa can be suppressed and smoothly changed.

In the first to fourth embodiments described above, at least some or all of the functional components of the control unit 15 are realized by physical components (for example, electric circuits, elements, devices, etc.). It may be.

Further, in the third embodiment described above, the cutoff history information is stored in the memory 14 built in the PCS 1, but the present invention is not limited to this example. The blocking history information may be stored in a non-transitory storage medium externally attached to the PCS 1.

In the first to fourth embodiments described above, the present invention is applied to the PCS 1 of the V2H system 100, but the present invention is not limited to this example. The present invention can be applied to power storage systems other than the V2H system 100, and may be applied to, for example, a system including an EV charger, a PHEV charger, a quick charger, and the like, and a stationary lithium ion storage battery system. Further, the present invention may be applied to a system that adjusts the power supply Ws supplied to electric appliances for home use (especially electric appliances that can adjust power consumption). Or it is applicable also to the electric equipment in general with which the circuit breaker was connected.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 V2H system 101 Current sensor 102 Distribution board 103 Main breaker 104 Branch breaker 105 Temperature sensor 106 Power receiving monitoring part 107

Interruption monitoring part

1, 1a, 1b Power conditioner 11 Bidirectional inverter 12 Bidirectional DC / DC converter 13 Input part 14 Memory 15 Control unit 151 Determination unit 152 Power adjustment unit 153 Condition setting unit 154 History storage unit 16 Timer 17 Communication unit P1 Main energization path P2 Branch energization path L Power load L1 EV
L2 Power consumption load L3 Power storage unit BL Bus line E Commercial power system Ia Receiving current value Ic Breaking current value It Target current value Iu Upper limit set value

Claims

Supplying supply power to the power load using the power output from the power distribution unit that divides the received power received from the power source via the circuit breaker that cuts off the energization path when a current greater than the cutoff current value flows A power control device,
A determination unit that determines whether or not the current value of the received power measured by a current measurement unit exceeds a target current value less than the breaking current value;
A power adjustment unit that suppresses the supplied power when the determination unit determines that the current value exceeds the target current value;
A power control apparatus comprising:
A temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature of the circuit breaker;
The power control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the power adjustment unit further suppresses the supplied power based on a detection result of the temperature detection unit.
Each time the circuit breaker cuts off the received power, it further comprises a history storage unit that stores interruption history information that records conditions relating to suppression of the supplied power in a storage unit,
The power control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the power adjustment unit further suppresses the supplied power based on cutoff history information.
A circuit breaker that shuts off the energization path when a current greater than the breaking current value flows;
A power distribution unit that distributes received power received from a power source via the circuit breaker;
Power load,
A power control device that supplies power to the power load using power output from the power distribution unit;
A current measuring unit for measuring a current value of the received power;
With
The power control system, wherein the power control device suppresses the supplied power when the current value of the received power exceeds a target current value less than the cut-off current value.
Each of the power control device and the power load to which the power supply is adjusted by the power control device are plural,
The power control system according to claim 4, wherein an adjustment condition of the supplied power is different for each power control device.