WO2016047241A1 - 振動発生ユニット、振動体ユニット及び超音波処置具 - Google Patents
振動発生ユニット、振動体ユニット及び超音波処置具 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016047241A1 WO2016047241A1 PCT/JP2015/069762 JP2015069762W WO2016047241A1 WO 2016047241 A1 WO2016047241 A1 WO 2016047241A1 JP 2015069762 W JP2015069762 W JP 2015069762W WO 2016047241 A1 WO2016047241 A1 WO 2016047241A1
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- vibration
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- side fixing
- element unit
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- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 55
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 54
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 52
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 38
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000029052 metamorphosis Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 229910052451 lead zirconate titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000009429 electrical wiring Methods 0.000 description 2
- HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zirconate titanate Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Zr+4].[Pb+2] HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000737 Duralumin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000883 Ti6Al4V Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
- B06B1/0644—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a single piezoelectric element
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
- A61B17/320068—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
- A61B2017/320069—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic for ablating tissue
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
- A61B17/320068—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
- A61B2017/320071—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic with articulating means for working tip
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
- A61B17/320068—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
- A61B2017/320089—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic node location
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
- A61B17/320068—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
- A61B17/320092—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic with additional movable means for clamping or cutting tissue, e.g. with a pivoting jaw
- A61B2017/320095—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic with additional movable means for clamping or cutting tissue, e.g. with a pivoting jaw with sealing or cauterizing means
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a vibration generating unit including a piezoelectric element that generates ultrasonic vibration when electric power is supplied.
- the present invention also relates to a vibrating body unit including the vibration generating unit and an ultrasonic treatment instrument including the vibrating body unit.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an ultrasonic treatment instrument for treating a treatment target such as a living tissue using ultrasonic vibration.
- a plurality of piezoelectric elements that generate ultrasonic vibration when supplied with electric power are provided.
- the generated ultrasonic vibration is transmitted to the end effector through the waveguide.
- a back mass which is a proximal-side fixing member, abuts on the element unit including the piezoelectric element, and a front mass, which is a distal-side fixing member, abuts from the distal direction side. That is, the element unit (piezoelectric element) is sandwiched between the back mass and the front mass in the longitudinal direction.
- a vibration generating unit including a piezoelectric element (element unit), a proximal-side fixing member (back mass), and a distal-side fixing member (front mass).
- a probe (vibration transmission member) having a portion is connected.
- the physical properties (particularly Young's modulus) of the material are likely to vary. For this reason, the physical properties of the material vary for each manufactured probe.
- the resonance frequency of the vibration generating unit and the vibrating body unit formed from the probe changes according to the physical properties of the probe material in the state of vibrating by ultrasonic vibration. To do. That is, the vibration resonance frequency varies for each vibrator unit (component).
- the physical properties (acoustic characteristic impedance) of the material change at the boundary between the base end side fixing member and the element unit (piezoelectric element) and at the boundary between the element unit and the front end side fixing member. For this reason, in a state in which the vibrating body unit vibrates due to ultrasonic vibration, the amplitude of vibration changes between the proximal-side fixing member and the element unit, and the vibration amplitude between the element unit and the distal-side fixing member. Changes.
- the amplitude transformation ratio in the element unit with respect to the amplitude in the base end side fixing member, and the amplitude transformation ratio in the distal end side fixing member with respect to the amplitude in the element unit change in accordance with the resonance frequency of the vibrating body unit. .
- variation occurs in the resonance frequency of vibration for each vibrating body unit (component), so that for each vibrating body unit (component), the amplitude transformation ratio in the element unit with respect to the amplitude in the proximal-side fixing member, and The variation in the amplitude transformation ratio at the distal end side fixing member with respect to the amplitude at the element unit will vary.
- the amplitude of vibration at the probe (that is, the portion closer to the distal end than the distal-end-side fixing member) varies for each vibrator unit (component), and the treatment performance corresponds to the physical properties of the material forming the probe. It will change.
- the present invention has been made paying attention to the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to reduce variations in amplitude at the probe (treatment section) even when the resonance frequency of vibration varies for each vibrator unit. It is to provide a vibration generating unit. It is another object of the present invention to provide a vibrating body unit and an ultrasonic treatment instrument including the vibration generating unit.
- a vibration generating unit includes a piezoelectric element that generates ultrasonic vibration when supplied with electric power, and has a proximal end and a distal end.
- An element unit extending along the longitudinal axis to the distal end, a proximal-side fixing member that abuts the element unit from the proximal direction side, abuts the element unit from the distal direction side, and is parallel to the longitudinal axis
- the longitudinal direction is sandwiched between the element unit and the base end side fixing member, and the ultrasonic vibration generated in the element unit is transmitted toward the distal direction side, compared with the base end side fixing member.
- a distal end side fixing member having a large acoustic impedance.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a vibration generating unit in which variation in amplitude at the probe (treatment section) is reduced even when the resonance frequency of vibration varies for each vibrating body unit. Further, it is possible to provide a vibrating body unit and an ultrasonic treatment instrument that include the vibration generating unit.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a configuration of a vibrator unit according to the first embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the structure of the vibration generation unit which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is the schematic explaining the longitudinal vibration in a vibration generation unit in the state which the vibration body unit which concerns on 1st Embodiment is longitudinally vibrating in the predetermined frequency range. It is the schematic explaining the longitudinal vibration in the vibration generation unit in the state which the vibration body unit which concerns on a comparative example is longitudinally vibrating in the predetermined frequency range.
- 1st Embodiment and a comparative example it is the schematic which shows the relationship of the 2nd distance ratio with respect to a resonant frequency in case the resonant frequency changes in a predetermined frequency range. It is the schematic which shows the relationship of the 2nd metamorphosis ratio with respect to the 2nd distance ratio in 1st Embodiment and a comparative example.
- the relationship of the first distance ratio to the resonance frequency when the resonance frequency changes in the predetermined frequency range in the first embodiment, and the resonance frequency when the resonance frequency changes in the predetermined frequency range in the comparative example It is the schematic which shows the relationship of the comparison distance ratio with respect to.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an ultrasonic treatment system 1 of the present embodiment.
- the ultrasonic treatment system 1 includes an ultrasonic treatment tool 2.
- the ultrasonic treatment instrument 2 has a longitudinal axis C.
- two directions parallel to the longitudinal axis C are defined as the longitudinal direction.
- One of the longitudinal directions is the distal direction (the direction of the arrow C1 in FIG. 1), and the opposite direction to the distal direction is the proximal direction (the direction of the arrow C2 in FIG. 1).
- the ultrasonic treatment instrument 2 includes a transducer unit 3, a holding unit 5 that can be held by an operator, a sheath 6, a jaw (gripping member) 7, and a probe (tip-side vibration transmission member) 8. .
- the holding unit 5 includes a case main body 11 extending along the longitudinal axis C, a fixed handle 12 extending from the case main body 11 toward one direction intersecting the longitudinal axis C, And a movable handle 13 that is rotatably attached to the case body 11.
- the movable handle 13 is opened or closed with respect to the fixed handle 12 by rotating the movable handle 13 with respect to the case body 11.
- a rotation operation knob 15, which is a rotation operation input unit, is connected to the front end direction side of the case body 11.
- the rotation operation knob 15 is rotatable about the longitudinal axis C with respect to the case body 11.
- an energy operation button 16 that is an energy operation input unit is attached to the case body 11.
- the sheath 6 is connected to the holding unit 5 in a state of being inserted into the inside of the rotary operation knob 15 and the inside of the case main body 11 from the distal direction side.
- the jaw 7 is attached to the distal end portion of the sheath 6 so as to be rotatable.
- the probe 8 extends from the inside of the case main body 11 through the inside of the sheath 6 toward the distal direction side.
- the central axis of the probe 8 coincides with the longitudinal axis C, and the probe 8 extends along the longitudinal axis C from the proximal end to the distal end.
- a treatment portion 17 is provided at the distal end portion of the probe 8.
- the probe 8 is inserted through the sheath 6 with the treatment portion 17 protruding from the distal end of the sheath 6 toward the distal direction side.
- the movable handle 13 that is an opening / closing operation input portion with respect to the fixed handle 12
- the movable portion (not shown) of the sheath 6 moves along the longitudinal axis C, and the jaw 7 rotates.
- the jaw 7 opens or closes the treatment portion 17 of the probe 8.
- the sheath 6, the jaw 7 and the probe 8 can be rotated around the longitudinal axis C with respect to the case main body 11 together with the rotation operation knob 15.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of the vibrator unit 3.
- the vibrator unit 3 includes a vibrator case 21 that forms an exterior of the vibrator unit 3.
- the vibrator case 21 is connected to the holding unit 5 in a state of being inserted into the case main body 11 from the proximal direction side. Further, inside the case main body 11, the vibrator case 21 is detachably connected to the sheath 6.
- One end of a cable 18 is connected to the vibrator case 21. In the ultrasonic treatment system 1, the other end of the cable 18 is detachably connected to the energy source unit 10.
- the energy source unit 10 is, for example, a medical energy control device, and includes a power source, an AC conversion circuit (none of which are shown), and the like. Further, the energy source unit 10 includes a control unit (not shown) that controls output of electric power.
- the control unit includes a processor including a CPU (Central Processing Unit) or an ASIC (application specific integrated circuit), and a storage unit (not shown) such as a memory.
- CPU Central Processing Unit
- ASIC application specific integrated circuit
- a vibration generating unit (ultrasonic transducer) 22 is provided inside the vibrator case 21.
- the vibration generating unit 22 is supported by the vibrator case 21.
- the vibration generating unit 22 includes a rod-shaped member (base end side vibration transmission member) 23.
- the central axis of the rod-like member 23 coincides with the longitudinal axis C, and the rod-like member 23 extends along the longitudinal axis C from the proximal end to the distal end.
- the distal end of the rod-like member 23 is detachably connected to the proximal end of the probe 8.
- the probe 8 is coupled to the tip direction side of the vibration generating unit 22. In the state where the probe 8 is connected to the vibration generating unit 22, the vibration generating unit 22 can rotate about the longitudinal axis C with respect to the case main body 11 together with the probe 8.
- the rod-like member 23 is formed with a tapered horn (cross-sectional area reducing portion) 25 that decreases in cross-sectional area perpendicular to the longitudinal axis C as it goes in the tip direction. Further, the rod-shaped member 23 is provided with an element mounting portion 26 on the proximal end side from the horn 25. In the vibration generating unit 22, an element unit 31, a back mass 32 that is a base end side fixing member, and a front mass 33 that is a front end side fixing member are mounted on the element mounting portion 26.
- the element unit 31, the back mass 32, and the front mass 33 are formed in a ring shape, and the element mounting portion 26 is inserted through the front mass 33, the element unit 31, and the back mass 32 in this order, so that the element unit 31, the back mass 32, and The front mass 33 is attached to the element attachment portion 26.
- the element unit 31 has a proximal end and a distal end, and extends along the longitudinal axis C from the proximal end to the distal end.
- the element unit 31 is provided coaxially with the longitudinal axis C.
- a back mass 32 is in contact with the base end of the element unit 31, and a front mass 33 is in contact with the tip of the element unit 31. That is, the back mass 32 is in contact with the element unit 31 from the proximal direction side, and the front mass 33 is in contact with the element unit 31 from the distal direction side.
- the element unit 31 is sandwiched between the back mass (base end side fixing member) 32 and the front mass (front end side fixing member) 33 in the longitudinal direction parallel to the longitudinal axis C.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of the vibration generating unit 22.
- the element unit 31 includes a plurality (six in this embodiment) of piezoelectric elements 35A to 35F, a first electrode member 36, and a second electrode member 37. .
- each of the piezoelectric elements 35 A to 35 F is sandwiched between the first electrode member 36 and the second electrode member 37.
- One end of an electrical wiring portion 38A is connected to the first electrode member 36, and one end of an electrical wiring portion 38B is connected to the second electrode member 37.
- the electric wiring portions 38A and 38B extend through the inside of the cable 18, and the other end of the electric wiring portion 38A and the other end of the electric wiring portion 38B are electrically connected to an AC conversion circuit (not shown) of the energy source unit 10. Connected.
- a switch unit (not shown) is provided inside the holding unit 5.
- the open / closed state of the switch unit is switched in response to the input of the energy operation with the energy operation button 16.
- the switch unit is electrically connected to a control unit (not shown) of the energy source unit 10 via a signal path unit (not shown) extending through the transducer unit 3 and the cable 18. .
- the control unit detects an input of energy operation with the energy operation button 16 by detecting the open / closed state of the switch unit. By detecting the input of the energy operation, electric power is output from the energy source unit 10.
- power alternating current power
- a voltage is applied between the first electrode member 36 and the second electrode member 37.
- each of the piezoelectric elements 35A to 35F sandwiched between the first electrode member 36 and the second electrode member 37 is applied.
- a current (alternating current) flows, and each of the piezoelectric elements 35A to 35F converts the current into ultrasonic vibration. That is, in each of the piezoelectric elements 35A to 35F, ultrasonic vibration is generated by supplying electric power (electric energy).
- the generated ultrasonic vibration is transmitted from the element unit 31 through the front mass 33 toward the tip direction side. Then, the ultrasonic vibration is transmitted from the front mass 33 through the rod-shaped member 23 to the probe 8. At this time, the amplitude of vibration is expanded in the horn 25. Then, ultrasonic vibration is transmitted toward the treatment portion 17 in the probe 8.
- the treatment unit 17 treats a treatment target such as a living tissue using the transmitted ultrasonic vibration. In a state where the ultrasonic vibration is transmitted toward the treatment portion 17, the vibration generating unit 22 and the probe 8 form the vibrating body unit 20 that vibrates due to the ultrasonic vibration.
- the vibrating body unit 20 performs longitudinal vibration whose vibration direction is parallel to the longitudinal axis C (longitudinal direction).
- the base end of the vibrating body unit 20 is formed by the base end of the back mass 32 (the base end of the rod-shaped member 23), and the tip of the vibrating body unit 20 is formed by the tip of the probe 8.
- the center position between the distal end and the base end of the element unit 31 in the longitudinal direction is defined as an element center position M.
- the piezoelectric elements 35A to 35F are arranged symmetrically about the element center position M in the longitudinal direction. For this reason, in the element unit 31, three piezoelectric elements 35A to 35C are arranged on the distal direction side from the element center position M, and three piezoelectric elements 35D to 35F are arranged on the proximal direction side from the element center position M. Further, since the piezoelectric elements 35A to 35F are arranged symmetrically with respect to the element center position M, the dimension (first unit dimension) d1 from the element center position M to the tip of the element unit 31 is from the element center position M. It is the same (substantially the same) as the dimension (second unit dimension) d2 to the base end of the element unit 31.
- S0 is a cross-sectional area (element cross-sectional area) of the element unit 31 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis C (transmission direction of ultrasonic vibration).
- a cross-sectional area (first member cross-sectional area) perpendicular to the longitudinal axis C (transmission direction of ultrasonic vibration) of the front mass 33 is S1
- a longitudinal axis C (transmission direction of ultrasonic vibration) of the back mass 32 is taken as S1.
- a vertical sectional area (second member sectional area) is defined as S2.
- the cross-sectional area S0 of the element unit 31 is uniform (substantially the same) as the cross-sectional area S1 of the front mass 33, and is uniform (substantially the same) as the cross-sectional area S2 of the back mass 32. Therefore, in this embodiment, the cross-sectional area (first member cross-sectional area) S1 of the front mass 33 is uniform (substantially the same) as the cross-sectional area (second member cross-sectional area) S2 of the back mass 32.
- the dimension (first mounting dimension) L1 from the element central position M of the element unit 31 to the tip of the front mass 33 is the dimension (first dimension) from the element central position M to the base end of the back mass 32. 2 is smaller than L2).
- the dimension d1 from the element center position M to the tip of the element unit 31 is the same (substantially the same) as the dimension d2 from the element center position M to the base end of the element unit 31.
- the dimension (first member dimension) 11 of the front mass (front end side fixing member) 33 in the longitudinal direction is the dimension (second member dimension) of the back mass (base end side fixing member) 32 in the longitudinal direction. ) Smaller than l2.
- the material forming the piezoelectric elements 35A to 35F has an acoustic characteristic impedance (element acoustic characteristic impedance) ⁇ 0.
- the material forming the front mass 33 has an acoustic characteristic impedance (first member acoustic characteristic impedance) ⁇ 1
- the material forming the back mass 32 is an acoustic characteristic impedance (second member acoustic characteristic impedance) ⁇ 2.
- the acoustic characteristic impedance ⁇ of the material (substance) forming the part is a value determined by the density ⁇ of the material and the sound propagation speed c in the material, and the density ⁇ and the Young's modulus E of the material are used. , Defined as equation (1).
- the acoustic characteristic impedance (characteristic impedance) ⁇ is a physical property value determined by the material forming the part, and has a unique value for each material (substance).
- the acoustic characteristic impedance ⁇ 0 of the piezoelectric elements 33A to 35F (element unit 31) is larger than the acoustic characteristic impedance ⁇ 1 of the front mass 33 and the acoustic characteristic impedance ⁇ 2 of the back mass 32.
- the acoustic characteristic impedance ⁇ 1 of the material forming the front mass 33 is larger than the acoustic characteristic impedance ⁇ 2 of the material forming the back mass 32.
- the material forming the front mass 33 has at least one of the density ⁇ and the sound propagation speed c higher than that of the material forming the back mass 32.
- a material for forming the back mass 32 for example, super duralumin (A7075; density ⁇ is 2.8 ⁇ 103 kg / m 3, sound propagation velocity c is 5100 m / s, and acoustic characteristic impedance ⁇ is 1.4 ⁇ 10 7 Pa ⁇ s / m).
- a material for forming the front mass 33 for example, 64 titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V; density ⁇ is 4.4 ⁇ 103 kg / m 3, sound propagation velocity c is 4900 m / s, and acoustic characteristic impedance ⁇ is 2. 2 ⁇ 107 Pa ⁇ s / m), SUS420F which is a kind of stainless steel (density ⁇ is 7.8 ⁇ 103 kg / m 3, sound propagation velocity c is 5300 m / s, and acoustic characteristic impedance ⁇ is 4.1 ⁇ 10 7 Pa ⁇ s.
- the back mass 32 may be formed from 64 titanium alloy or lead zirconate titanate.
- the acoustic impedance (element acoustic impedance) in a cross section perpendicular to the transmission direction (longitudinal axis C) of the ultrasonic vibration of the element unit 31 (piezoelectric elements 35A to 35F) is defined as Z0.
- the acoustic impedance (first member acoustic impedance) in the cross section perpendicular to the transmission direction of the ultrasonic vibration of the front mass 33 is Z1
- the acoustic impedance in the cross section perpendicular to the ultrasonic transmission direction of the back mass 32 is Z2.
- the acoustic impedance Z in the cross section perpendicular to the transmission direction of the ultrasonic vibration is expressed by using the acoustic characteristic impedance ⁇ that is a physical property value and the cross sectional area S of the component perpendicular to the transmission direction of the ultrasonic vibration. It is defined as (2).
- the acoustic characteristic impedance ⁇ and the cross-sectional area S are set in the element unit 31, the back mass 32, and the front mass 33 as described above, the transmission direction of ultrasonic vibration of the element unit 31 (the respective piezoelectric elements 35A to 35F).
- the acoustic impedance Z0 in a cross section perpendicular to is larger than the acoustic impedance Z1 of the front mass 33 and the acoustic impedance Z2 of the back mass 32.
- the acoustic impedance Z1 in the cross section perpendicular to the transmission direction of the ultrasonic vibration of the front mass 33 is larger than the acoustic impedance Z2 in the cross section of the back mass 32 perpendicular to the transmission direction of the ultrasonic vibration.
- the acoustic characteristic impedance ⁇ matches the value of the acoustic impedance Z per unit area (unit cross-sectional area).
- the vibration generating unit 22, the vibrating body unit 20, and the ultrasonic treatment instrument 2 When performing a treatment using the ultrasonic treatment instrument 2, the sheath 6, the jaw 7 and the probe 8 are inserted into the body while the holding unit 5 is held. Then, a treatment target such as a biological tissue is disposed between the jaw 7 and the treatment portion 17 of the probe 8. In this state, the movable handle 13 is closed with respect to the fixed handle 12, and the jaw 7 is closed with respect to the treatment portion 17, thereby grasping the treatment target between the jaw 7 and the treatment portion 17.
- a treatment target such as a biological tissue
- the control unit of the energy source unit 10 adjusts the frequency, current value, voltage value, and the like of the electric power supplied to the piezoelectric elements 35A to 35F.
- the vibrating body unit 20 is designed to vibrate at a predetermined resonance frequency Frref (for example, 47 kHz) by ultrasonic vibration generated by the piezoelectric elements 35A to 35F.
- Frref for example, 47 kHz
- the vibration generating unit 22 including the expensive piezoelectric elements 35A to 35F is sterilized after use and reused.
- the probe 8 is discarded after use.
- the physical properties (particularly Young's modulus) of the material are likely to vary.
- the resonance frequency Fr in a vibrating state changes corresponding to the physical properties of the material of the probe 8 connected to the vibration generating unit 22. . That is, the vibrating body unit 20 varies in the resonance frequency Fr of vibration corresponding to the physical properties of the probe 8 and does not necessarily vibrate at the predetermined resonance frequency Frref.
- the vibrating body unit 20 vibrates in a predetermined frequency range ⁇ f that is not less than the minimum resonance frequency Frmin (eg, 46 kHz) and not more than the maximum resonance frequency Frmax (eg, 48 kHz). .
- the predetermined resonance frequency Frref is included in the predetermined frequency range ⁇ f.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining longitudinal vibration (vibration) in the vibration generating unit 22 in a state where the vibrating body unit 20 is longitudinally vibrating in a predetermined frequency range ⁇ f.
- FIG. 4 shows a graph of a state of longitudinal vibration at a predetermined resonance frequency Frref, a state of longitudinal vibration at the minimum resonance frequency Frmin, and a state of longitudinal vibration at the maximum resonance frequency Frmax.
- the horizontal axis indicates the position (X) in the longitudinal direction
- the vertical axis indicates the vibration state (V) of the longitudinal vibration.
- the distal end and the base end of the vibrating body unit 20 are free ends.
- one of the antinodes of the longitudinal vibration is located at the base end of the vibrator unit 20 (the base end of the back mass 32), and one of the antinodes of the longitudinal vibration is the tip of the vibrator unit 20 (the probe 8). Located at the tip).
- an antinode position A1 that is one of the antinode positions of the longitudinal vibration (indicated by A1ref, A1a, and A1b in FIG. 4). Is located at the base end of the back mass 32.
- the antinode position A1 is the most proximal antinode position located closest to the proximal direction among the antinode positions of longitudinal vibration.
- a node position positioned on the distal direction side by a quarter wavelength ( ⁇ / 4) of longitudinal vibration with respect to the antinode position A1 is defined as a node position N1, and half of the longitudinal vibration with respect to the antinode position A1.
- the antinode position A2 is the antinode position positioned on the distal direction side by the wavelength ( ⁇ / 2).
- the node position N1 (indicated by N1ref, N1a, and N1b in FIG. 4) is the most proximal node position that is located on the most proximal side among the longitudinal vibration node positions, and the antinode position A2 (in FIG.
- A2ref, A2a, and A2b are located second in the proximal direction among the antinodes of longitudinal vibration.
- the node position N1ref is located at the element center position M, which is the center position between the distal end and the proximal end of the element unit 31 in the longitudinal direction.
- the antinode position A2ref is located at the tip of the front mass 33.
- the wavelength ⁇ of longitudinal vibration in a state where the resonance frequency Fr becomes a predetermined reference frequency Frref is defined as a reference wavelength ⁇ ref.
- the wavelength ⁇ of longitudinal vibration increases from the reference wavelength ⁇ ref. Therefore, in the vibration of the vibrating body unit 20 in the predetermined frequency range ⁇ f, the wavelength ⁇ becomes the maximum wavelength ⁇ max when the resonance frequency Fr becomes the minimum resonance frequency Frmin. Therefore, in the state where the resonance frequency Fr becomes the minimum resonance frequency Frmin, the antinode position A1a is located at the proximal end of the back mass 32, but the node position N1a is located on the distal direction side from the element center position M, and the antinode position A2a. Is located closer to the front end side than the front end of the front mass 33.
- the node position N1a is located on the proximal direction side from the proximal end of the front mass 33 and is located in a range where the element unit 31 extends in the longitudinal direction. ing.
- the wavelength ⁇ of the longitudinal vibration decreases from the reference wavelength ⁇ ref. Therefore, in the vibration of the vibrating body unit 20 in the predetermined frequency range ⁇ f, the wavelength ⁇ becomes the minimum wavelength ⁇ min when the resonance frequency Fr becomes the maximum resonance frequency Frmax.
- the antinode position A1b is located at the proximal end of the back mass 32, but the node position N1b is located closer to the proximal direction than the element center position M, and the antinode position A2a is located on the proximal direction side of the front end of the front mass 33.
- the node position N1b is located on the tip direction side from the tip of the back mass 32 and is located in a range in which the element unit 31 extends in the longitudinal direction. .
- the vibrating body unit 20 vibrates in the predetermined frequency range ⁇ f
- a quarter wavelength ( ⁇ / 4) of longitudinal vibration with respect to the antinode position A1 located at the base end of the back mass 32 is obtained.
- a node position N1 (indicated by N1ref, N1a, and N1b in FIG. 4) is located on the distal direction side, and the node position N1 is located in a range in which the element unit 31 extends in the longitudinal direction.
- the half wavelength ( ⁇ / 2) of the longitudinal vibration is on the distal direction side with respect to the antinode position A1 located at the base end of the back mass 32.
- the antinode position A2 (indicated by A2ref, A2a, A2b in FIG. 4) is located, and the antinode position A2 is located on the distal direction side of the tip of the element unit 31 (the base end of the front mass 33). Therefore, in longitudinal vibration at any resonance frequency Fr in the predetermined frequency range ⁇ f, only the node position (reference node position) N1 among the antinodes and node positions of the longitudinal vibration is based on the element unit 31 in the longitudinal direction. It is located between the ends.
- the transmission direction of the ultrasonic vibration (longitudinal axis)
- the acoustic impedance Z in a cross section perpendicular to C) is larger at the front mass 33 than at the back mass 32.
- the acoustic impedance Z1 of the front mass 33 is larger than the acoustic impedance Z2 of the back mass 32, the longitudinal vibration at any resonance frequency Fr in the predetermined frequency range ⁇ f is between the antinode position A2 and the node position N1.
- the length ⁇ 1 / 4 (indicated by ⁇ 1ref / 4, ⁇ 1max / 4, and ⁇ 1min / 4 in FIG. 4) corresponding to a quarter wavelength of the longitudinal vibration is the longitudinal vibration between the antinode position A1 and the node position N1. It becomes smaller than the length ⁇ 2 / 4 corresponding to a quarter wavelength (indicated by ⁇ 2ref / 4, ⁇ 2max / 4, and ⁇ 2min / 4 in FIG. 4). That is, in a state where the vibrating body unit 20 vibrates in the predetermined frequency range ⁇ f, a length (first length) corresponding to a quarter wavelength of longitudinal vibration from the node position (reference node position) N1 to the distal direction side.
- a length (first length) ⁇ 1ref / 4 corresponding to a quarter wavelength of longitudinal vibration from the node position N1 to the distal direction side is: This corresponds to the dimension (first mounting dimension) L1 from the element center position M of the element unit 31 to the tip of the front mass 33, and corresponds to a quarter wavelength of longitudinal vibration from the node position N1 to the proximal direction side.
- the length (second length) ⁇ 2ref / 4 coincides with the dimension (second mounting dimension) L2 from the element center position M of the element unit 31 to the base end of the back mass 32.
- the amplitude of the longitudinal vibration is increased in the front mass 33 with respect to the element unit 31, and
- the amplitude transformation ratio (first transformation ratio) ⁇ 1 at the mass (tip-side fixing member) 33 is larger than 1.
- the acoustic impedance Z (acoustic characteristic impedance ⁇ ) is larger in the element unit 31 than in the back mass 32, the amplitude of longitudinal vibration is reduced in the element unit 31 with respect to the back mass 32, and the back mass (base end side) is reduced.
- the amplitude transformation ratio (second transformation ratio) ⁇ 2 in the element unit 31 with respect to the amplitude in the fixing member 32 is smaller than 1.
- the amplitude is reduced at the boundary (second boundary) B2 between the element unit 31 and the back mass 32, and the amplitude is expanded at the boundary (first boundary) B1 between the element unit 31 and the front mass 33.
- the amplitude of the longitudinal vibration in the front mass 33 is the same as the amplitude of the longitudinal vibration in the back mass 32.
- FIG. 5 shows longitudinal vibration in the vibration generating unit 22A in a state where the vibrating body unit (20A) formed of the vibration generating unit 22A and the probe 8 according to the comparative example vibrates longitudinally within a predetermined frequency range ⁇ f. Yes.
- FIG. 5 shows a graph of a state of longitudinal vibration at a predetermined resonance frequency Frref, a state of longitudinal vibration at the minimum resonance frequency Frmin, and a state of longitudinal vibration at the maximum resonance frequency Frmax.
- the horizontal axis indicates the position (X) in the longitudinal direction
- the vertical axis indicates the vibration state (V) of the longitudinal vibration.
- the vibration generating unit 22 ⁇ / b> A according to the comparative example is provided with a rod-shaped member 23, an element unit 31, and a back mass 32 having the same configuration as the vibration generating unit 22 of the first embodiment.
- a front mass 33A is provided instead of the front mass 33 of the first embodiment.
- the dimension l′ 1 in the longitudinal direction of the front mass (tip-side fixing member) 33A is the same as the dimension l2 in the longitudinal direction of the back mass 32. Therefore, the dimension L′ 1 from the element center position M of the element unit 31 to the front end of the front mass 33A is the same as the dimension L2 from the element center position M to the base end of the back mass 32.
- the acoustic characteristic impedance ⁇ of the material and the cross-sectional area S perpendicular to the longitudinal axis C are the same as those of the back mass 32. Therefore, the acoustic impedance Z′1 of the front mass 33A is the same as the acoustic impedance Z2 of the back mass 32.
- the antinode position A2 (indicated by A2ref, A2a, and A2b in FIG. 5) and the node position N1 in the longitudinal vibration at any resonance frequency Fr in the predetermined frequency range ⁇ f in the comparative example because of the above-described configuration.
- a length ⁇ ′1 / 4 ( ⁇ ′1ref / 4, ⁇ ′1max / 4 in FIG. 5) corresponding to a quarter wavelength of the longitudinal vibration between N1ref, N1a, and N1b in FIG.
- a length ⁇ 2 / 4 (indicated by ⁇ ′1 min / 4) corresponding to a quarter wavelength of the longitudinal vibration between the antinode position A1 (indicated by A1ref, A1a, A1b in FIG. 5) and the node position N1.
- ⁇ 2ref / 4, ⁇ 2max / 4, and ⁇ 2min / 4 it is the same as ⁇ 2ref / 4, ⁇ 2max / 4, and ⁇ 2min / 4).
- the length ⁇ ′1 / 4 corresponding to a quarter wavelength of the longitudinal vibration from the node position N1 to the distal direction side is The length ⁇ 2 / 4 corresponding to a quarter wavelength of vibration from the node position N1 toward the proximal direction is the same.
- the length ⁇ ′1ref / 4 corresponding to a quarter wavelength of the longitudinal vibration from the node position N1ref to the distal direction side is equal to the element unit 31.
- the length ⁇ 2ref / 4 corresponding to a quarter wavelength of longitudinal vibration from the element center position M to the front end of the front mass 33A and corresponding to the longitudinal vibration from the node position N1ref to the base end direction is It coincides with the dimension L2 from the element center position M of the unit 31 to the base end of the back mass 32.
- the element unit 31 and the front mass 33 correspond to a length ⁇ 1 / 4 corresponding to a quarter wavelength of longitudinal vibration from the node position (reference node position) N1 to the distal direction side.
- a ratio of a distance Y1 (indicated by Y1ref, Y1a, and Y1b in FIG. 4) from the node position N1 to the boundary B1 is a distance ratio (first distance ratio) ⁇ 1.
- the ratio of the distance Y′1 from the position N1 is the distance ratio (comparison distance ratio) ⁇ ′1.
- the ratio of the amplitude at the front mass (tip-side fixing member) 33A to the amplitude at the element unit 31 is defined as a transformation ratio (comparative transformation ratio) ⁇ ′1.
- the element unit 31 and the back mass for the length ⁇ 2 / 4 corresponding to a quarter wavelength of the longitudinal vibration from the node position (reference node position) N1 to the proximal direction side.
- a distance ratio (second distance ratio) ⁇ 2 is a ratio of a distance Y2 (indicated by Y2ref, Y2a, and Y2b in FIGS. 4 and 5) from the node position N1 to the boundary B2 with 32.
- FIG. 6 shows the relationship of the second distance ratio ⁇ 2 to the resonance frequency Fr when the resonance frequency Fr changes in the predetermined frequency range ⁇ f in the first embodiment and the comparative example.
- the relationship of 2nd metamorphosis ratio (epsilon) 2 with respect to 2nd distance ratio (xi) 2 in 1 embodiment and a comparative example is shown.
- the change in the second distance ratio ⁇ 2 in FIG. 6 and the change in the second metamorphosis ratio ⁇ 2 in FIG. 7 are the same in the first embodiment and the comparative example.
- the horizontal axis represents the resonance frequency (Fr)
- the vertical axis represents the second distance ratio ( ⁇ 2).
- FIG. 7 shows the relationship of the first distance ratio ⁇ 1 to the resonance frequency Fr when the resonance frequency Fr changes in the predetermined frequency range ⁇ f in the first embodiment, and the predetermined frequency range ⁇ f in the comparative example.
- FIG. 9 shows the relationship of the comparison distance ratio ⁇ ′1 with respect to the resonance frequency Fr when the resonance frequency Fr changes, and FIG. 9 shows the first transformation ratio ⁇ 1 with respect to the first distance ratio ⁇ 1 in the first embodiment.
- the relationship and the relationship of the comparative transformation ratio ⁇ ′1 with respect to the comparison distance ratio ⁇ ′1 in the comparative example are shown. In FIG.
- the horizontal axis represents the resonance frequency (Fr), and the vertical axis represents the first distance ratio ( ⁇ 1) and the comparative distance ratio ( ⁇ ′1).
- a change in the first distance ratio ⁇ 1 is indicated by a solid line, and a change in the comparison distance ratio ⁇ ′1 is indicated by a one-dot chain line.
- the horizontal axis indicates the first distance ratio ( ⁇ 1) and the comparative distance ratio ( ⁇ ′1), and the vertical axis indicates the first metamorphic ratio ( ⁇ 1) and the comparative metamorphic ratio ( ⁇ ′1). Show.
- a change in the first transformation ratio ⁇ 1 is indicated by a solid line, and a change in the comparative transformation ratio ⁇ ′1 is indicated by a one-dot chain line.
- the longitudinal vibration wavelength ⁇ increases as the resonance frequency Fr increases.
- the second distance ratio ⁇ 2 becomes smaller as the distance becomes smaller.
- the second distance ratio ⁇ 2 when oscillating at the maximum resonance frequency Frmax, the second distance ratio ⁇ 2 has a minimum value 4/9, and when oscillating at the minimum resonance frequency Frmin, the second distance ratio ⁇ 2 has a maximum value 4/7. It becomes.
- the second distance ratio ⁇ 2 when vibrating at a predetermined resonance frequency Frref, the second distance ratio ⁇ 2 is 1 ⁇ 2.
- the maximum value of the second distance ratio ⁇ 2 is indicated by ⁇ 2max
- the minimum value is indicated by ⁇ 2min.
- the node position (reference node position) N1 moves away from the boundary B2 between the back mass 32 and the element unit 31, and the second transformation ratio ⁇ 2 is Close to 1. Since the second transformation ratio ⁇ 2 is a value smaller than 1, the second transformation ratio ⁇ 2 increases as the second distance ratio ⁇ 2 increases.
- the resonance frequency Fr changes, the antinode position (most proximal antinode position) A1 of the longitudinal vibration is located at the proximal end of the back mass 32. For this reason, even when the resonance frequency Fr changes corresponding to the probe 8 to be connected, the variation in the second distance ratio ⁇ 2 is reduced. By reducing the variation in the second distance ratio ⁇ 2, the variation in the second transformation ratio ⁇ 2 at the boundary B2 between the back mass 32 and the element unit 31 can also be reduced.
- the longitudinal vibration is increased as the resonance frequency Fr increases.
- the wavelength ⁇ decreases, and the first distance ratio ⁇ 1 and the comparison distance ratio ⁇ ′1 increase.
- the antinode Z (the most proximal antinode position) A1 of the longitudinal vibration is located at the proximal end of the back mass 32, so that the acoustic impedance Z is different between the back mass 32 and the front mass 33A.
- the variation of the comparison distance ratio ⁇ ′1 is larger than the variation of the second distance ratio ⁇ 2.
- the comparison distance ratio ⁇ ′1 when oscillating at the maximum resonance frequency Frmax, the comparison distance ratio ⁇ ′1 has a maximum value of 4/5, and when oscillating at the minimum resonance frequency Frmin, the comparison distance ratio ⁇ ′1 has a minimum value of 3. It becomes. Further, for example, when vibrating at a predetermined resonance frequency Frref, the comparison distance ratio ⁇ ′1 is 1 ⁇ 2. In FIG. 8, the maximum value of the comparison distance ratio ⁇ ′1 is indicated by ⁇ ′1max, and the minimum value is indicated by ⁇ ′1min.
- the comparative distance ratio ⁇ ′1 increases, the node position (reference node position) N1 moves away from the boundary B′1 between the front mass 33A and the element unit 31, and the comparative transformation ratio ⁇ ′. 1 is close to 1. Since the comparative transformation ratio ⁇ ′1 is a value greater than 1, the comparative transformation ratio ⁇ ′1 decreases as the comparative distance ratio ⁇ ′1 increases.
- the variation of the comparison distance ratio ⁇ ′1 since the variation of the comparison distance ratio ⁇ ′1 is large, the variation of the comparative transformation ratio ⁇ ′1 at the boundary B′1 between the front mass 33A and the element unit 31 is also large. Due to the variation in the comparative transformation ratio ⁇ ′1, the variation in the amplitude of the longitudinal vibration at the probe 8 (that is, the portion on the tip side from the front mass 33A) also becomes large.
- the acoustic impedance Z1 of the front mass 33 is made larger than the acoustic impedance Z2 of the back mass 32, and the configuration is changed from the comparative example.
- the node position (reference node position) N1 moves away from the boundary B1 between the front mass 33 and the element unit 31, and the first transformation ratio ⁇ 1 becomes closer to 1. . Since the first transformation ratio ⁇ 1 is a value larger than 1, the first transformation ratio ⁇ 1 decreases as the first distance ratio ⁇ 1 increases.
- the ratio of the acoustic impedance (Z1; Z′1) of the front mass (33; 33A) to the acoustic impedance Z0 of the element unit 31 is defined as an impedance ratio ⁇ .
- the acoustic impedance Z (acoustic characteristic impedance ⁇ ) is made larger at the front mass 33 than the back mass 32.
- the acoustic impedance Z′1 of the front mass 33A is the acoustic impedance Z2 of the back mass 32. Is the same.
- the acoustic impedance Z1 of the front mass 33 is larger than the acoustic impedance Z′1 of the front mass 33A in the comparative example, and the impedance ratio ⁇ is larger in the first embodiment than in the comparative example.
- the change amount ratio is defined as a change amount ratio ⁇ .
- the change amount ratio ⁇ indicates the absolute value of the slope in each of the change in the first transformation ratio ⁇ 1 and the change in the comparison transformation ratio ⁇ ′1 in FIG.
- the change rate ratio ⁇ decreases as the impedance ratio ⁇ increases, that is, as the difference between the acoustic impedance (Z1; Z′1) of the front mass (33; 33A) and the acoustic impedance Z0 of the element unit 31 decreases. Become.
- the change ratio ⁇ 1 of the change amount of the first shift ratio ⁇ 1 with respect to the change amount of the first distance ratio ⁇ 1 in the present embodiment is the comparison shift ratio with respect to the change amount of the comparison distance ratio ⁇ ′1 in the comparative example. It becomes smaller than the change amount ratio ⁇ ′1 of the change amount of ⁇ ′1.
- the slope ( ⁇ 1) of the change in the first transformation ratio ⁇ 1 is closer to 0 than the slope ( ⁇ ′1) of the change in the comparative transformation ratio ⁇ ′1.
- the acoustic impedance Z (acoustic characteristic impedance ⁇ ) is made larger at the front mass 33 than at the back mass 32, whereby the first transformation ratio ⁇ 1 with respect to the change amount of the first distance ratio ⁇ 1.
- the change amount ratio ⁇ 1 of the change amount becomes small. Therefore, even when the first distance ratio ⁇ 1 varies due to the change of the resonance frequency Fr corresponding to the connected probe 8, the first transformation at the boundary B1 between the front mass 33 and the element unit 31 is performed. Variations in the ratio ⁇ 1 can be reduced.
- the acoustic impedance Z of the front mass 33 is larger than that of the back mass 32, so that in the longitudinal vibration at any resonance frequency Fr in the predetermined frequency range ⁇ f, the antinode position A2 and the node position N1 From the length ⁇ 1 / 4 corresponding to the quarter wavelength of the longitudinal vibration between the antinode position A1 and the node position N1, the length ⁇ 1 / 4 corresponding to the quarter wavelength of the longitudinal vibration between Get smaller. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, in the longitudinal vibration at any resonance frequency Fr in the predetermined frequency range ⁇ f, the first distance change rate ⁇ 1 of the present embodiment is the comparison distance change rate ⁇ ′ of the comparative example. It becomes larger than 1.
- the region in which the first distance change rate ⁇ 1 changes corresponding to the change in the resonance frequency Fr in the predetermined frequency range ⁇ f is a value compared to the region in which the comparative distance change rate ⁇ ′1 in the comparative example changes. Becomes close to 1 (value increases). For example, when oscillating at the maximum resonance frequency Frmax, the first distance ratio ⁇ 1 has a maximum value of 9/10, and when oscillating at the minimum resonance frequency Frmin, the first distance ratio ⁇ 1 has a minimum value of 1 ⁇ 2. It becomes. Further, for example, when vibrating at a predetermined resonance frequency Frref, the first distance ratio ⁇ 1 is 2/3.
- the region where the first distance change rate ⁇ 1 changes corresponding to the change of the resonance frequency Fr in the predetermined frequency range ⁇ f approaches 1, so that the comparison distance change rate ⁇ ′1 of the comparative example
- the variation of the first distance ratio ⁇ 1 is smaller than the variation.
- the comparative distance ratio ⁇ ′1 of the comparative example varies in the range of 1/3 to 4/5
- the first distance ratio ⁇ 1 of the present embodiment is in the range of 1/2 to 9/10. It varies.
- the resonance frequency Fr changes corresponding to the physical properties of the probe 8 to be connected
- variation in 2nd metamorphosis ratio (epsilon) 2 in the boundary B2 of the back mass 32 and the element unit 31 becomes small.
- the variation in the first transformation ratio ⁇ 1 and the second transformation ratio ⁇ 2 the variation in the amplitude of the longitudinal vibration in the probe 8 (that is, the portion on the distal direction side from the front mass 33) is reduced.
- the resonance frequency Fr changes corresponding to the physical properties of the probe 8 to be connected
- the variation in the amplitude of the longitudinal vibration can be suppressed in the treatment portion 17 of the probe 8, and stable treatment performance is ensured. be able to.
- the acoustic mass impedance ⁇ (at least one of the sound propagation speed c and the density ⁇ ) of the front mass 33 is made larger than that of the back mass 32 so that the acoustic impedance of the front mass 33 is increased.
- Z1 is made larger than the acoustic impedance Z of the back mass 32, it is not restricted to this.
- the cross-sectional area S1 of the front mass 33 perpendicular to the transmission direction (longitudinal axis C) of the ultrasonic vibration is changed to the back mass 32 perpendicular to the transmission direction of the ultrasonic vibration. It may be larger than the cross-sectional area S2.
- the front mass 33 and the back mass 32 are formed of the same material and have the same acoustic characteristic impedance ⁇ (sound propagation speed c and density ⁇ ).
- the acoustic impedance Z changes in accordance with the cross-sectional area S perpendicular to the ultrasonic vibration transmission direction in addition to the acoustic characteristic impedance ⁇ . Therefore, also in this modified example, the acoustic impedance Z is larger than that of the back mass 32 in the front mass 33.
- the cross-sectional area S0 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis C of the element unit 31 is the same as the cross-sectional area S2 of the back mass 32. For this reason, in the front mass 33, the cross-sectional area S perpendicular to the transmission direction of the ultrasonic vibration is enlarged with respect to the element unit 31.
- the dimension l1 of the front mass 33 in the longitudinal direction is smaller than the dimension l2 of the back mass 32 in the longitudinal direction. Therefore, also in this modification, the dimension (first mounting dimension) L1 from the element central position M of the element unit 31 to the tip of the front mass 33 is the dimension (first dimension) from the element central position M to the base end of the back mass 32. 2 is smaller than L2). Also in the present modification, the acoustic impedance Z becomes larger than that of the back mass 32 in the front mass 33, so that the operations and effects described above in the first embodiment are achieved.
- the first distance ratio ⁇ 1 and the amplitude first transformation ratio ⁇ 1 are defined as in the first embodiment.
- an index value indicating the influence on the amplitude of the change in the physical property (acoustic characteristic impedance ⁇ ) of the material at the boundary B1 (tip of the element unit 31) between the front mass 33 and the element unit 31 is defined as a physical property modifying element ⁇ a1.
- An index value indicating the influence on the amplitude of the change in the cross-sectional area S at the boundary B1 between the mass 33 and the element unit 31 is defined as a cross-sectional area modifying element ⁇ b1.
- the first modification ratio ⁇ 1 is determined.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the relationship of the first modification ratio ⁇ 1, the physical property modification element ⁇ a1, and the cross-sectional area modification element ⁇ b1 with respect to the first distance ratio ⁇ 1 in the first modification.
- the horizontal axis represents the first distance ratio ⁇ 1
- the vertical axis represents the first transformation ratio ⁇ 1, the physical property transformation element ⁇ a1, and the cross-sectional area transformation element ⁇ b1.
- the change in the first modification ratio ⁇ 1 is indicated by a solid line
- the change in the physical property modification element ⁇ a1 is indicated by a one-dot chain line
- the change in the cross-sectional area modification element ⁇ b1 is indicated by a broken line.
- the node position (reference node position) N1 moves away from the boundary B1 between the front mass 33 and the element unit 31, and the first transformation ratio ⁇ 1 and physical property transformation occur.
- the element ⁇ a1 and the cross-sectional area modifying element ⁇ b1 are close to 1.
- the acoustic characteristic impedance ⁇ is smaller in the front mass 33 than in the element unit 31
- the acoustic characteristic impedance ⁇ material property
- the physical property modifying element ⁇ a1 becomes a value larger than 1.
- the physical property modifying element ⁇ a1 decreases.
- the cross-sectional area S of the front mass 33 is larger than that of the element unit 31, the cross-sectional area S changes to a state where the amplitude of the longitudinal vibration is reduced at the boundary B1. Therefore, the cross-sectional area modifying element ⁇ b1 has a value smaller than 1. For this reason, as the first distance ratio ⁇ 1 increases, the cross-sectional area transformation element ⁇ b1 increases.
- the influence on the amplitude of the physical property modifying element ⁇ a1 is larger than the influence on the amplitude of the cross-sectional area modifying element ⁇ b1 at the boundary B1. Therefore, at the boundary B1, the amplitude of the longitudinal vibration is expanded, and the first transformation ratio ⁇ 1 becomes larger than 1. For this reason, as the first distance ratio ⁇ 1 increases, the first metamorphic ratio ⁇ 1 decreases.
- a change amount ratio ⁇ that is a ratio of the change amount of the first transformation ratio ⁇ 1 to the change amount of the first distance ratio ⁇ 1 is defined.
- the change amount ratio ⁇ indicates the absolute value of the slope in the change of the first transformation ratio ⁇ 1 in FIG.
- the acoustic mass impedance ⁇ is smaller than that of the element unit 31 at the front mass 33, whereas the cross-sectional area S is larger than that of the element unit 31 at the front mass 33.
- the physical property modifying element ⁇ a1 that decreases as the first distance ratio ⁇ 1 increases and the cross-sectional area modifying element ⁇ b1 that increases as the first distance ratio ⁇ 1 increases affect the change in amplitude at the boundary B1.
- the first modification ratio ⁇ 1 is affected by the physical property modifying element ⁇ a1 and the cross-sectional area modifying element ⁇ b1 whose change characteristics in FIG. 11 are opposite to each other. Therefore, the change rate ratio ⁇ of the change amount of the first shift ratio ⁇ 1 with respect to the change amount of the first distance ratio ⁇ 1 in the present modification is small.
- the acoustic impedance Z (cross-sectional area S) is made larger at the front mass 33 than at the back mass 32, whereby the change in the first transformation ratio ⁇ 1 with respect to the variation in the first distance ratio ⁇ 1.
- the change amount ratio ⁇ of the quantity becomes small. Therefore, even when the resonance frequency Fr changes corresponding to the probe 8 to be connected, the variation in the first transformation ratio ⁇ 1 at the boundary B1 between the front mass 33 and the element unit 31 can be reduced.
- the element unit 31 is provided with six (even) piezoelectric elements 35A to 35F.
- piezoelectric elements 35A to 35E may be provided as shown in FIG. (Odd number) piezoelectric elements 35A to 35E.
- the element center position M which is the center position of the element unit 31 in the longitudinal direction, coincides with the center position in the thickness direction of the piezoelectric element 35C.
- the piezoelectric elements 35A and 35B are located on the distal direction side from the element center position M, and the piezoelectric elements 35D and 35E are located on the proximal direction side from the element center position M.
- the acoustic characteristic impedance ⁇ of the material is larger than the back mass 32 and the acoustic impedance Z is larger than the back mass 32 in the front mass 33.
- the dimension l1 of the front mass 33 in the longitudinal direction is smaller than the dimension l2 of the back mass 32 in the longitudinal direction. Therefore, also in this modification, the dimension (first mounting dimension) L1 from the element central position M of the element unit 31 to the tip of the front mass 33 is the dimension (first dimension) from the element central position M to the base end of the back mass 32. 2 is smaller than L2).
- the acoustic mass impedance ⁇ of the material is made larger than that of the back mass 32 in the front mass 33, and the cross-sectional area S perpendicular to the transmission direction of the ultrasonic vibration is set. It may be larger than the back mass 32. Also in this case, the acoustic impedance Z is larger in the front mass 33 than in the back mass 32 from the equation (2) described above in the first embodiment.
- ultrasonic vibrations are transmitted to the treatment portion 17 of the probe 8, and high-frequency power (high-frequency electrical energy) is supplied from the energy source unit 10 to the treatment portion 17 and the jaw 7.
- 17 and jaw 7 may function as electrodes for high-frequency power.
- a high-frequency current flows through the treatment target grasped between the jaw 7 and the treatment portion 17, the treatment subject is denatured, and coagulation is promoted.
- high-frequency power is supplied to the treatment portion 17 through the rod-shaped member 23 and the probe 8, but the rod-shaped member 23 and the piezoelectric elements (35 A to 35 F) are electrically insulated and supplied to the treatment portion 17.
- the high frequency power to be applied is not supplied to the piezoelectric elements (35A to 35F).
- the current (alternating current) that generates the ultrasonic vibration is supplied to the piezoelectric elements (35A to 35F).
- the jaw 7 may not be provided in the ultrasonic treatment instrument 2.
- the treatment portion 17 protruding from the distal end of the sheath 6 is formed in a hook shape. In a state where the treatment target is hooked on the hook, the treatment target 17 is excised by vibrating the treatment portion 17 by ultrasonic vibration.
- the vibration generating unit (22) includes the element unit (31), and the element unit (31) is a piezoelectric that generates ultrasonic vibration when supplied with electric power. Elements (35A to 35F; 35A to 35E) are provided.
- the element unit (31) is in contact with the proximal end side fixing member (32) from the proximal direction side, and is in contact with the distal end side fixing member (33) from the distal direction side. Is sandwiched between the proximal-side fixing member (32) and the distal-side fixing member (33).
- the ultrasonic vibration generated in the element unit (31) is transmitted toward the distal direction side through the distal end side fixing member (33).
- the acoustic impedance (Z) is larger than that in the proximal end side fixing member (32).
Abstract
Description
本発明の第1の実施形態について、図1乃至図9を参照して説明する。
成比ε´1の変化の傾き(-α´1)より、0に近くなる。
なお、第1の実施形態では、フロントマス33において物性値である音響特性インピーダンスζ(音の伝播速度c及び密度ρの少なくとも一方)をバックマス32より大きくすることにより、フロントマス33の音響インピーダンスZ1をバックマス32の音響インピーダンスZより大きくしているが、これに限るものではない。例えば、第1の変形例として図10に示すように、超音波振動の伝達方向(長手軸C)に垂直なフロントマス33の断面積S1を、超音波振動の伝達方向に垂直なバックマス32の断面積S2より大きくしてもよい。本変形例では、フロントマス33及びバックマス32で、形成する材料が同一であり、音響特性インピーダンスζ(音の伝播速度c及び密度ρ)は同一である。第1の実施形態の式(2)で示すように、音響インピーダンスZは、音響特性インピーダンスζに加えて、超音波振動の伝達方向に垂直な断面積Sに対応して変化する。したがって、本変形例も、フロントマス33において、音響インピーダンスZがバックマス32より大きくなる。なお、素子ユニット31の長手軸Cに垂直な断面積S0は、バックマス32の断面積S2と同一である。このため、フロントマス33では、超音波振動の伝達方向に垂直な断面積Sが、素子ユニット31に対して拡大される。
Claims (11)
- 電力が供給されることにより超音波振動を発生する圧電素子を備えるとともに、基端及び先端を有し、前記基端から前記先端まで長手軸に沿って延設される素子ユニットと、
前記素子ユニットに基端方向側から当接する基端側固定部材と、
前記素子ユニットに先端方向側から当接し、前記長手軸に平行な長手方向について前記基端側固定部材との間で前記素子ユニットを挟むとともに、前記素子ユニットで発生した前記超音波振動を前記先端方向側に向かって伝達し、前記基端側固定部材に比べて音響インピーダンスが大きい先端側固定部材と、
を具備する、振動発生ユニット。 - 前記圧電素子は、前記超音波振動を発生することにより、節位置の1つが前記素子ユニットに位置する所定の周波数範囲で前記素子ユニット、前記基端側固定部材及び前記先端側固定部材を振動させる、請求項1の振動発生ユニット。
- 前記素子ユニット、前記基端側固定部材及び前記先端側固定部材が前記所定の周波数範囲で振動する状態において、前記素子ユニットに位置する節位置である基準節位置から前記先端方向側への振動の4分の1波長に相当する第1の長さは、前記基準節位置から前記基端方向側への前記振動の4分の1波長に相当する第2の長さより、小さい、請求項2の振動発生ユニット。
- 前記所定の周波数範囲に含まれる所定の共振周波数で前記素子ユニット、前記基端側固定部材及び前記先端側固定部材が振動する状態において、前記長手方向について前記基準節位置と前記先端側固定部材の先端との間の寸法が前記第1の長さと一致するとともに、前記長手方向について前記基準節位置と前記基端側固定部材の基端との間の寸法が前記第2の長さと一致する、請求項3の振動発生ユニット。
- 前記素子ユニット、前記基端側固定部材及び前記先端側固定部材が前記所定の周波数範囲で振動する状態において、振動の腹位置の中で最も基端方向側の最基端腹位置は、前記基端側固定部材の前記基端に位置する、請求項4の振動発生ユニット。
- 前記長手方向について前記素子ユニットの前記先端と前記基端との間の中央位置を素子中央位置とした場合に、前記圧電素子は、前記長手方向について前記素子中央位置を中心として対称に配置されている、請求項2の振動発生ユニット。
- 前記所定の周波数範囲に含まれる所定の共振周波数で前記素子ユニット、前記基端側固定部材及び前記先端側固定部材が振動する状態において、前記素子ユニットに位置する節位置である基準節位置は、前記素子中央位置と一致する、請求項6の振動発生ユニット。
- 前記先端側固定部材は、前記基端側固定部材に比べて、密度及び音の伝播速度の少なくとも一方が大きい、請求項1の振動発生ユニット。
- 前記先端側固定部材は、前記基端側固定部材に比べて、前記長手軸に垂直な断面積が大きい、請求項1の振動発生ユニット。
- 請求項1の振動発生ユニットと、
先端部に処置部を備え、前記振動発生ユニットの前記先端方向側に連結されるとともに、前記素子ユニットで発生した前記超音波振動が前記先端側固定部材を通して伝達され、前記振動発生ユニットから伝達された前記超音波振動を前記処置部に向かって伝達するプローブと、
を具備する振動体ユニット。 - 請求項10の振動体ユニットと、
内部から前記プローブが前記先端方向側に向かって延設され、保持可能な保持ユニットと、
を具備する超音波処置具。
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CN201580022467.9A CN106457308B (zh) | 2014-09-22 | 2015-07-09 | 振动产生单元、振动体单元以及超声波处置器具 |
EP15843669.1A EP3199250B1 (en) | 2014-09-22 | 2015-07-09 | Vibration-generating unit, vibration component unit, and ultrasonic wave processing implement |
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CN106457308A (zh) | 2017-02-22 |
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US20170020777A1 (en) | 2017-01-26 |
CN106457308B (zh) | 2019-07-30 |
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EP3199250A4 (en) | 2018-05-02 |
US10182963B2 (en) | 2019-01-22 |
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