WO2016041353A1 - 适合于硼硅酸盐玻璃的大型熔窑 - Google Patents

适合于硼硅酸盐玻璃的大型熔窑 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016041353A1
WO2016041353A1 PCT/CN2015/077769 CN2015077769W WO2016041353A1 WO 2016041353 A1 WO2016041353 A1 WO 2016041353A1 CN 2015077769 W CN2015077769 W CN 2015077769W WO 2016041353 A1 WO2016041353 A1 WO 2016041353A1
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zone
melting
glass
area
melting furnace
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PCT/CN2015/077769
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English (en)
French (fr)
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彭寿
刘清
江龙跃
曹艳平
王晓龙
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中国建材国际工程集团有限公司
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Priority to US15/511,840 priority Critical patent/US20180208492A1/en
Publication of WO2016041353A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016041353A1/zh
Priority to US16/752,629 priority patent/US20200223733A1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
    • C03B5/02—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating
    • C03B5/027—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating by passing an electric current between electrodes immersed in the glass bath, i.e. by direct resistance heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
    • C03B5/02—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating
    • C03B5/027—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating by passing an electric current between electrodes immersed in the glass bath, i.e. by direct resistance heating
    • C03B5/03—Tank furnaces
    • C03B5/031—Cold top tank furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
    • C03B5/02—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating
    • C03B5/033—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating by using resistance heaters above or in the glass bath, i.e. by indirect resistance heating
    • C03B5/0332—Tank furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
    • C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
    • C03B5/18—Stirring devices; Homogenisation
    • C03B5/183—Stirring devices; Homogenisation using thermal means, e.g. for creating convection currents
    • C03B5/185—Electric means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
    • C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
    • C03B5/18—Stirring devices; Homogenisation
    • C03B5/193—Stirring devices; Homogenisation using gas, e.g. bubblers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
    • C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
    • C03B5/20—Bridges, shoes, throats, or other devices for withholding dirt, foam, or batch
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
    • C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
    • C03B5/225—Refining
    • C03B5/2252—Refining under reduced pressure, e.g. with vacuum refiners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
    • C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
    • C03B5/235—Heating the glass
    • C03B5/2353—Heating the glass by combustion with pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air, e.g. using oxy-fuel burners or oxygen lances
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of glass melting equipment, in particular to a melting furnace suitable for borosilicate glass.
  • the melting furnace has the characteristics of combination of electrofusion melting and flame melting and special structural design, and is a borosilicate glass melting furnace with large production capacity.
  • Borosilicate glass has the characteristics of high viscosity, high melting temperature, boron volatility and borosilicate. If a single flame melting method is used, relying on space radiation heating, not only the thermal efficiency is low, but also the melting effect is poor for melting the more refractory glass, and the disturbance of the flame increases the amount of boron volatilization.
  • the full fused technology is used in small glass melting furnaces below 15t/d. It is an economical and suitable melting process, especially suitable for some high volatile component glass, high melting temperature glass and special glass. At present, for borosilicate glass, this small all-electric melting furnace is mainly used to produce some glass products such as glassware, glass tubes and glass rods which are not very high in output. From the actual production experience, the total electric melting furnace with a production capacity of more than 20t/d, due to the increase of the electrode, the current distribution is complicated during the melting process, the uniformity of the molten glass is poor, and the stripes in the glass product are more .
  • Borosilicate glass especially borosilicate glass, has a wider range of applications due to its excellent thermal properties.
  • flat borosilicate glass is used in various glass substrates, instrument glass, and heat-resistant glass windows. Fire-resistant glass and other fields. In order to meet the high-yield flat glass forming process requirements, the production capacity of the furnace should be matched.
  • the boron-containing compound in the process of converting powdery compound into glass, the boron-containing compound is thermally decomposed and is mixed with other materials. The oxide reacts to form various compounds having a higher melting point. During this process, a large amount of gas and water are discharged from the batch with the increase of temperature and the reaction proceeds, and boron oxide is also volatilized. The amount of boron oxide volatilized accounts for about 91% of the total volatile amount.
  • the invention aims to be suitable for a large melting furnace of borosilicate glass, combining the advantages of flame melting and electrofusion melting technology, and is a melting furnace with a production capacity of 20 t/d or more.
  • a large melting furnace suitable for borosilicate glass which is provided with a melting zone, a strengthening zone, a rising zone, and a clarification zone.
  • the melting zone and the strengthening zone are separated by a partition wall, and the lower end of the partition wall penetrates below the glass surface, but does not touch the bottom of the melting furnace to ensure that the glass liquid in the two areas is in communication.
  • the strengthening zone is in a mixed heating manner, wherein the surface of the molten glass is heated by a flame, and the bottom of the molten pool is heated by an electrode.
  • the flame heating can be oxy-combustion, oxygen-assisted combustion, or air combustion.
  • the electrode heating comprises providing a heating electrode at the bottom of the melting zone.
  • the molten glass enters the ascending zone through a fluid hole at the bottom of the end of the strengthening zone.
  • the riser zone is provided with a homogenization device.
  • the homogenizing device can be bubbling, mechanical agitation, or ultrasonication.
  • the clearing zone has a pool depth that is shallower than the melting zone, the strengthening zone, and the riser zone.
  • an electric heating and vacuum system is provided in the space above the liquid level of the molten glass.
  • the electric heating and negative pressure system of the clarification zone is heated on the surface of the molten glass using a silicon carbon rod, and the negative pressure state of the clarification zone is ensured by mechanical exhaust.
  • the structure can also improve the problem of boron volatilization during the melting process of the borosilicate glass caused by flame melting.
  • the molten glass flows out of the fluid hole in the strengthening zone, passes through the rising zone, and enters the clarification zone where the depth of the pool is shallow.
  • the molten glass is sufficiently homogenized and clarified by the electric heating and vacuum systems provided in the homogenization unit and the clarification zone provided in the ascending zone.
  • FIG. 1 is an elevational view of a borosilicate glass melting furnace in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of a borosilicate glass melting furnace in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the furnace is provided with a melting zone, a strengthening zone, a rising zone, and a clarification zone.
  • the melting zone and the strengthening zone are separated by a partition wall, and the lower end of the partition wall penetrates below the glass surface, but does not touch the bottom of the melting furnace to ensure that the glass liquid in the two areas is in communication.
  • the strengthening zone is in a mixed heating manner, wherein the surface of the molten glass is heated by a flame, and the bottom of the molten pool is heated by an electrode.
  • the flame heating can be oxy-combustion, oxygen-assisted combustion, or air combustion.
  • the electrode heating includes providing a heating electrode at the bottom of the melting zone.
  • the molten glass enters the ascending zone through a fluid hole at the bottom of the end of the strengthening zone.
  • the rising zone is provided with a homogenizing device.
  • the homogenizing device can be bubbling, mechanical agitation, or ultrasound wave.
  • the depth of the clarification zone is shallower than the melting zone, the strengthening zone, and the rise zone.
  • an electric heating and vacuum system is provided in the space above the liquid level of the molten glass.
  • the electric heating and negative pressure system of the clarification zone is heated on the surface of the molten glass by using a silicon carbon rod, and the negative pressure state of the clarification zone is ensured by mechanical exhaust.
  • the flame melting part adopts an all-oxygen combustion mode.
  • the melting furnace is divided into a melting zone, a strengthening zone, a rising zone and a clarification zone, wherein two exhaust pipes are arranged on both sides of the kiln body in the strengthening zone. Road.
  • the melting zone and the strengthening zone of the present invention are separated by a partition wall 1 near the liquid level line 7, and the partition wall 1 can adjust the depth of insertion into the glass liquid level line 7. Below the partition wall 1, the melting zone and the strengthening zone are connected.
  • the melting zone is an open feed port, and the powdered batch material is uniformly sent to the molten glass liquid in the melting zone through the feeder, and the heating electrode 3 is arranged at the bottom of the melting zone, and the power of the heating electrode 3 must ensure the surface of the melting zone. Covering the thick powdery batch layer, the temperature of the surface of the powder batch layer is as low as possible, so that the boron oxide volatilized from the glass in the melting zone is condensed and refluxed into the glass liquid in the coating layer, thereby reducing boron oxide. Volatilization.
  • the bottom of the kiln in the strengthening zone is heated from the bottom of the pool by electrodes 4, and the flame burning lance 2 is arranged on the side wall of the kiln for erecting an all-oxygen lance.
  • the space above the liquid level line 7 is heated by flame.
  • the combination of electrode heating and flame heating can improve the quality of molten glass, increase the uniformity of the molten glass, and is suitable for a furnace with a large production capacity. Since the partition wall 1 separates the flame space from the powder batch, the disturbance of the flame mixture to the powder batch is reduced, thereby reducing the volatilization of the oxidation.
  • the flue on both sides of the kiln is used to discharge the exhaust gas generated by the flame combustion.
  • the molten glass in the strengthening zone passes through the fluid hole 5 between the strengthening zone and the rising zone, and enters the rising zone.
  • the fluid hole 5 is located near the bottom of the furnace.
  • a bubbling device 6 is arranged at the bottom of the rising zone for reducing the concentration of the aluminum element which is heavier in the flow of the molten glass in the dead zone of the rising zone, and increasing the uniformity of the molten glass.
  • the ascending zone and the clarification zone are in a relatively closed space, and the depth of the clarification zone is shallow.
  • a pressure reducing device is arranged at the mechanical exhaust vent 10 on the side wall of the clarification zone to reduce the rise zone and the clarification zone liquid level line 7
  • the pressure in the upper space accelerates the discharge of bubbles in the glass.
  • a partition 8 is arranged in the space above the rising zone and the clarification zone liquid level line 7.
  • the silicon carbide rod 9 is used above the separator 8 to radiantly heat the molten glass to lower the viscosity of the glass liquid to accelerate the discharge of bubbles in the glass.
  • a large melting furnace suitable for borosilicate glass, the melting zone and the strengthening zone structure can also improve the problem of boron volatilization during the melting process of the borosilicate glass by flame melting.
  • the molten glass flows out of the fluid hole in the strengthening zone, passes through the rising zone, and enters the clarification zone where the depth of the pool is shallow.
  • the molten glass is sufficiently homogenized and clarified by the electric heating and vacuum systems provided in the homogenization unit and the clarification zone provided in the ascending zone.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Glass Melting And Manufacturing (AREA)

Abstract

一种适合于硼硅酸盐玻璃的大型熔窑，设有熔制区，强化区，上升区，及澄清区。所述熔制区和所述强化区用隔墙分隔，所述隔墙的下端深入玻璃液面以下，但不触及熔窑池底，以保证两个区域的玻璃液是连通。熔制区和强化区结构可以改善火焰熔化带来的硼硅酸盐玻璃在熔制过程中硼挥发的问题。熔融玻璃液从强化区流液洞流出，经上升区，进入池深较浅的澄清区。通过在上升区设置的均化装置和澄清区设置的电加热和负压系统，熔制的玻璃液得到充分的均化和澄清。

Description

适合于硼硅酸盐玻璃的大型熔窑 技术领域
本发明涉及玻璃熔制装备技术领域，具体涉及一种适合于硼硅酸盐玻璃的熔窑。该熔窑具有电熔熔化和火焰熔化结合的特点及特殊的结构设计，是一种生产能力较大的硼硅酸盐玻璃熔窑。
背景技术
硼硅酸盐玻璃具有粘度大、熔制温度高、硼易挥发及硼硅分相等特点。如果使用单一的火焰熔制方式，依靠空间辐射加热，不仅热效率较低，对于熔制这种较难熔的玻璃来说，熔制效果不佳，且火焰的扰动会增加硼的挥发量。
全电熔技术用于15t/d以下的小型玻璃熔窑，是经济且适用的熔制工艺，尤其适用于一些高挥发组分玻璃，高熔制温度的玻璃和特种玻璃。目前，对于硼硅酸盐玻璃来说，这种小型的全电熔窑主要用于生产一些玻璃器皿、玻璃管材和玻璃棒材等产量不是很高的玻璃产品。从实际生产经验来看，生产能力超过20t/d的全电熔窑，由于电极增多，熔制过程中，电流分布比较复杂，熔制出的玻璃液均匀性较差，玻璃产品中条纹较多。
硼硅酸盐玻璃，尤其是高硼硅玻璃，由于热学性能优良，其应用领域越来越广，特别是平板硼硅酸盐玻璃被用于各种玻璃基板，仪器玻璃、耐热玻璃视窗，防火玻璃等领域。要满足高产的平板玻璃成形工艺要求，窑炉的生产能力就要与之相匹配。
然而，关于减少火焰燃烧带来的硼挥发的问题，从硼挥发的机理来看：在粉状配合料转化成玻璃液的过程中，含硼的配合料遇热分解，并与配合料中其它氧化物发生反应，形成各种具有较高熔点的化合物。这一过程中大量的气体和水分随着温度的升高、反应的进行从配合料中排出，氧化硼也随之挥发，氧化硼的挥发量占全程挥发量的91％左右。然而，当大量玻璃液的生成时，高粘 度的玻璃液使氧化硼向表面的扩散速度变得很小，此阶段氧化硼的挥发量只占全程挥发量的9％左右。因此，为了减少氧化硼的挥发熔制区应采用冷顶方式，而火焰燃烧就要与粉状配合料完全隔离。
由上可知，只要采用一种合适的熔窑结构形式，避免在硼硅酸盐配合料转化成玻璃液的过程中氧化硼的挥发，增加玻璃液的均匀性，就可以采用大型熔窑熔制出优质的硼硅酸盐玻璃液。
发明内容
本发明旨在适合于硼硅酸盐玻璃的大型熔窑，结合了火焰熔化和电熔熔化技术的优点，是一种生产能力在20t/d以上的熔窑。
为了达成上述目的，提供了一种适合于硼硅酸盐玻璃的大型熔窑，所述熔窑设有熔制区，强化区，上升区，及澄清区。所述熔制区和和所述强化区用隔墙分隔，所述隔墙的下端深入玻璃液面以下，但不触及熔窑池底，以保证两个区域的玻璃液是连通。
一些实施例中，所述强化区采用混合加热的方式，其中所述玻璃液表面采用火焰加热，所述熔窑池底采用电极加热。
一些实施例中，所述火焰加热可为全氧燃烧，氧气助燃，或空气燃烧。
一些实施例中，所述电极加热包括在所述熔制区池底设置加热电极。
一些实施例中，所述玻璃液经过所述强化区末端底部的流液洞进入所述上升区。
一些实施例中，所述上升区设有均化装置。
一些实施例中，所述均化装置可为鼓泡，机械搅拌，或超声波。
一些实施例中，所述澄清区的池深较所述熔制区，所述强化区，及所述上升区浅。
一些实施例中，在所述玻璃液的液面上方空间内设置电加热和负压系统。
一些实施例中，所述澄清区的电加热和负压系统采用硅碳棒在玻璃液表面加热，并且用机械排风方式保证所述澄清区的负压状态。
根据本发明实施例的适合于硼硅酸盐玻璃的大型熔窑，熔制区和强化区结 构也可以改善火焰熔化带来的硼硅酸盐玻璃在熔制过程中硼挥发的问题。熔融玻璃液从强化区流液洞流出，经上升区，进入池深较浅的澄清区。通过在上升区设置的均化装置和澄清区设置的电加热和负压系统，熔制的玻璃液得到充分的均化和澄清。
以下结合附图，通过示例说明本发明主旨的描述，以清楚本发明的其他方面和优点。
附图说明
结合附图，通过下文的详细说明，可更清楚地理解本发明的上述及其他特征和优点，其中：
图1为根据本发明实施例的硼硅酸盐玻璃熔窑的立面图；及
图2为根据本发明实施例的硼硅酸盐玻璃熔窑的平面图。
具体实施方式
参见本发明具体实施例的附图，下文将更详细地描述本发明。然而，本发明可以以许多不同形式实现，并且不应解释为受在此提出之实施例的限制。相反，提出这些实施例是为了达成充分及完整公开，并且使本技术领域的技术人员完全了解本发明的范围。
现参考图1和图2，详细说明根据本发明实施例的适合于硼硅酸盐玻璃的大型熔窑。
如图1和2所示，所述熔窑设有熔制区，强化区，上升区，及澄清区。所述熔制区和和所述强化区用隔墙分隔，所述隔墙的下端深入玻璃液面以下，但不触及熔窑池底，以保证两个区域的玻璃液是连通。
一些实施例中，所述强化区采用混合加热的方式，其中所述玻璃液表面采用火焰加热，所述熔窑池底采用电极加热。所述火焰加热可为全氧燃烧，氧气助燃，或空气燃烧。所述电极加热包括在所述熔制区池底设置加热电极。
一些实施例中，所述玻璃液经过所述强化区末端底部的流液洞进入所述上升区。所述上升区设有均化装置。所述均化装置可为鼓泡，机械搅拌，或超声 波。所述澄清区的池深较所述熔制区，所述强化区，及所述上升区浅。
一些实施例中，在所述玻璃液的液面上方空间内设置电加热和负压系统。所述澄清区的电加热和负压系统采用硅碳棒在玻璃液表面加热，并且用机械排风方式保证所述澄清区的负压状态
本实施例中火焰熔化部分选取全氧燃烧方式，如图所示，这种熔窑分为熔制区、强化区、上升区和澄清区，其中强化区窑体两侧设置两个排烟烟道。
本发明的熔窑熔制区和强化区，在液面线7附近通过隔墙1隔开，隔墙1可以调整插入玻璃液面线7的深度。隔墙1下方，熔制区和强化区是连通的。
熔制区上方为开放式投料口，粉状配合料经投料机均匀投至熔制区熔融的玻璃液上方，熔制区底部设置加热电极3，加热电极3的功率必须确保熔制区的表面覆盖较厚的粉状配合料层，粉状配合料层表面的温度尽量低，使从熔制区玻璃液中挥发的氧化硼在配合料覆盖层中冷凝回流至玻璃液中，从而减少氧化硼的挥发。
强化区窑炉池底采用电极4从池底加热，窑炉侧墙上设置火焰燃烧喷枪口2，用于架设全氧喷枪，在液面线7上方空间，采用火焰加热。电极加热和火焰加热结合的方式，能使玻璃液熔制质量提高，增加玻璃液的均匀性，适合于生产能力较大的熔窑。由于隔墙1将火焰空间和粉状配合料隔开，减少了火焰燃烧对粉状配合料的扰动，从而减少了氧化的挥发。窑炉两侧的烟道，用于排放火焰燃烧产生的废气。
强化区的玻璃液通过强化区和上升区之间的流液洞5，进入上升区。流液洞5位于靠近熔窑池底的地方。上升区底部设置鼓泡装置6，用于减小玻璃液在流动过程中比重较重的铝元素在上升区的死角位置聚集，增加玻璃液的均匀性。
上升区和澄清区处于一个较密闭的空间，且澄清区池深较浅，在澄清区熔窑侧墙上的机械排风口10处设置减压装置，降低上升区和澄清区液面线7上方空间的压力，加快玻璃液中气泡的排出。另外在上升区和澄清区液面线7上方空间设置隔板8，隔板8上方在用硅碳棒9，对玻璃液进行辐射加热，降低玻璃液的粘度来加快玻璃中气泡的排出。
根据本发明实施例的适合于硼硅酸盐玻璃的大型熔窑，熔制区和强化区结构也可以改善火焰熔化带来的硼硅酸盐玻璃在熔制过程中硼挥发的问题。熔融玻璃液从强化区流液洞流出，经上升区，进入池深较浅的澄清区。通过在上升区设置的均化装置和澄清区设置的电加热和负压系统，熔制的玻璃液得到充分的均化和澄清。
以上详细描述了本发明的较佳具体实施例。应当理解，本领域的普通技术人员无需创造性劳动就可以根据本发明的构思做出诸多修改和变化。凡本技术领域中技术人员依本发明的构思在现有技术的基础上通过逻辑分析、推理或者有限的实验可以得到的技术方案，皆应在由权利要求书所确定的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种适合于硼硅酸盐玻璃的大型熔窑，其特征在于，所述熔窑设有熔制区，强化区，上升区，及澄清区，其中，
    所述熔制区和和所述强化区用隔墙分隔，所述隔墙的下端深入玻璃液面以下，但不触及熔窑池底，以保证两个区域的玻璃液是连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的熔窑，其特征在于，所述强化区采用混合加热的方式，其中所述玻璃液表面采用火焰加热，所述熔窑池底采用电极加热。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的熔窑，其特征在于，所述火焰加热可为全氧燃烧，氧气助燃，或空气燃烧。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的熔窑，其特征在于，所述电极加热包括在所述熔制区池底设置加热电极。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的熔窑，其特征在于，所述玻璃液经过所述强化区末端底部的流液洞进入所述上升区。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的熔窑，其特征在于，所述上升区设有均化装置。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的熔窑，其特征在于，所述均化装置可为鼓泡，机械搅拌，或超声波。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的熔窑，其特征在于，所述澄清区的池深较所述熔制区，所述强化区，及所述上升区浅。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的熔窑，其特征在于，在所述玻璃液的液面上方空间内设置电加热和负压系统。
  10. 根据如权利要求9所述的熔窑，其特征在于，所述澄清区的电加热和负压系统采用硅碳棒在玻璃液表面加热，并且用机械排风方式保证所述澄清区的负压状态。
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