WO2016041023A1 - Luminaire en mousse acoustique à cellules ouvertes - Google Patents

Luminaire en mousse acoustique à cellules ouvertes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016041023A1
WO2016041023A1 PCT/BE2015/000043 BE2015000043W WO2016041023A1 WO 2016041023 A1 WO2016041023 A1 WO 2016041023A1 BE 2015000043 W BE2015000043 W BE 2015000043W WO 2016041023 A1 WO2016041023 A1 WO 2016041023A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
foam
open cell
melamine
preferred
cell acoustic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/BE2015/000043
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2016041023A4 (fr
Inventor
Thierry Vereecke
Original Assignee
Isomo N.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Isomo N.V. filed Critical Isomo N.V.
Priority to EP15805378.5A priority Critical patent/EP3194847B1/fr
Publication of WO2016041023A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016041023A1/fr
Publication of WO2016041023A4 publication Critical patent/WO2016041023A4/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V15/00—Protecting lighting devices from damage
    • F21V15/01—Housings, e.g. material or assembling of housing parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
    • F21K9/90—Methods of manufacture
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V3/00—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses
    • F21V3/04—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings
    • F21V3/06—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings characterised by the material
    • F21V3/063—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings characterised by the material comprising air or water bubbles, e.g. foamed materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V33/00—Structural combinations of lighting devices with other articles, not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a lamp or light fixture made of open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing a lamp or light fixture made of open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam.
  • the invention also relates to the use of open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam for producing a lamp or light fixture.
  • Lamps and light fixtures play an important role in a space, for example in a room, office, commercial space, or multi-use space.
  • the shape and the material from which a lamp is made are usually only selected to perform a decorative function. In most instances in which the shape and/or the material serve more than a decorative purpose, the choice is usually determined by the effect that the shape and the material have on the diffusion and dispersion of the light. For an object that often takes up an appreciable amount of space within an area and can be somewhat expensive, such a one-sided application appears to represent an inefficient use of materials and space.
  • lamps and light fixtures are associated with certain limitations: for example, a ceiling lamp must not weigh too much.
  • the luminous element such as an incandescent bulb or a halogen bulb
  • the construction of the lamp or of the light fixture is limited by what is technically and financially feasible, so that unconventional forms can soon become considerably more expensive.
  • the invention and preferred embodiments thereof offer a solution for one or more of the above- mentioned needs.
  • the invention comprises an object that is suitable for housing one or more light sources. More specifically, the object or a part thereof comprises open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam.
  • the object according to the first aspect or according to preferred embodiments thereof lead to objects that perform a dual function in a space.
  • the objects not only have an illuminating function, but at the same time improve the acoustics in the space.
  • the open cell acoustic foam preferably melamine foam
  • the object can deaden sound by absorption and/or filtering.
  • the object according to the present invention comprises an internal space, wherein optionally the internal space is connected with the external environment via one or more openings.
  • the object according to the present invention is a milled object. In some preferred embodiments, the object according to the present invention is a sanded object. In some embodiments, the object according to the present invention is a milled and sanded object. In a preferred embodiment, the object according to the present invention is a directly flocked object, preferably by means of an electrostatic field.
  • the object according to the current invention is made of two or more semifinished articles which are connected together, preferably with adhesive.
  • the object according to the present invention is covered by a membrane or coating, preferably wherein the membrane or the coating comprises a knitted tube, a flocked cloth, and/or paint.
  • the object is flocked directly. For fire safety reasons a flocked fabric can provide an additional benefit.
  • the open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam, in the object according to the present invention comprises a pigment, wherein preferably the object comprises two or more parts of open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam, of which at least two parts of open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam, comprise different types of pigment and/or different quantities of pigment.
  • the open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam, in the object according to the present invention comprises a filler material.
  • the invention comprises a method for producing an object according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • the method for producing an object suitable for housing a light source comprises the following steps: a) the production of an open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam; and b) the processing of the open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam, into an object that is suitable for housing a light source.
  • the method according to the second aspect permits fabrication in a large selection of shapes and dimensions in a simple and cost-efficient manner.
  • the object also has improved resistance to bending forces and impact forces.
  • step b) is performed by milling.
  • a robot milling machine or a traditional cutter milling machine can be used.
  • step b) is carried out by means of sanding.
  • step b) is carried out by means of milling and sanding.
  • the object is directly flocked, preferably by means of an electrostatic field.
  • the method according to the present invention further comprises: c) the provision of an internal space in the object; and d) optionally, the provision of one or more openings in the object, which connect the
  • the method according to the present invention further comprises: e) the addition of electrical wiring and one or more light bulb sockets; and f) optionally, the addition of one or more light sources.
  • the method according to the present invention comprises the coupling together of two or more semifinished articles, optionally with adhesive.
  • the method according to the present invention provides for the production of an object according to the present invention.
  • the invention comprises the use of open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam, for producing an object according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • the invention also comprises the use of open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam, for producing a housing for a light source.
  • open cell acoustic foam preferably melamine foam
  • open cell acoustic foam is excellently suited for producing objects of this type.
  • FIG. 1 A is a schematic drawing of a preferred embodiment of the object (100) according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 B is a cross section of the object (100) in FIG. 1A.
  • FIG. 2A is a schematic drawing of a preferred embodiment of the object (100) according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2B is a cross section of the object (100) in FIG. 2A.
  • FIG. 3A is a front view of a preferred embodiment of the object (100) according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3B is a schematic drawing of a preferred embodiment of the object (100) according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3C is a cross section of the object (100) in FIG. 3A and 3B.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic drawing of a preferred embodiment of the object (100) according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5A is a schematic drawing of a preferred embodiment of the object (100) according to the invention from two different perspectives.
  • FIG. 5B and 5C are cross sections of the object (100) in FIG. 5A, with indication of some typical dimensions (in mm).
  • FIG. 6A is a schematic drawing of a preferred embodiment of the object (100) according to the invention.
  • FIG. 6B shows two cross sections and a front view of the object (100) in FIG. 6A, with indication of some typical dimensions (in mm).
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic drawing of the electrical configuration of an object (100) according to a preferred embodiment.
  • a measurable value such as a parameter, a quantity, a time period, etc.
  • a measurable value such as a parameter, a quantity, a time period, etc.
  • the invention comprises an object (100), preferably a three-dimensional object (100), that is suitable for housing one or more light sources (144).
  • the object (100) is made of polymer foam.
  • the object (100) is preferably suitable for housing one or more light sources (144), wherein the object (100) or a part thereof comprises open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam.
  • the object (100) is made of melamine foam, preferably obtained from melamine-formaldehyde condensation.
  • Melamine foam has the advantages of being a flexible, sound-absorbing, duroplastic polymer foam that is easy to mold.
  • melamine foam has a very low density, around 11 kg/m 3 , while other foams have a density around 30 kg/m 3 .
  • the fire behavior of melamine foam is also an advantage as melamine foam will char rather than melt.
  • the polymer foam comprises felt, polyurethane foam (for example open- cell polyurethane foam or reticulated polyurethane foam), polypropylene (preferably injection molded), polyethylene (preferably injection molded), polyester (for example polyester wool), or a combination thereof.
  • the polymer foam comprises felt, polyurethane foam (e.g., open-cell polyurethane foam or reticulated polyurethane foam), polypropylene (preferably in spray form), polyethylene (preferably in spray form), polyester (e.g., polyester wool), polyether foam, polyimide foam, or a combination thereof.
  • the polymer foam comprises polyether foam due to a higher degree of uniformity in the cell distribution.
  • the polymer foam comprises melamine foam and one or more components selected from the list comprising: felt, polyurethane foam (for example open-cell polyurethane foam or reticulated polyurethane foam), polypropylene (preferably injection molded), polyethylene (preferably injection molded), and polyester (for example polyester wool).
  • the polymer foam comprises melamine foam and one or more components selected from the list comprising: felt, polyurethane foam (e.g., open-cell polyurethane foam or reticulated polyurethane foam), polypropylene (preferably in spray form), polyethylene (preferably in spray form), polyester (e.g., polyester wool ), polyether foam, and polyimide foam.
  • three-dimensional object means an object (100) that occupies a substantial volume in three dimensions or an object (100) that exhibits substantial variation in at least one dimension.
  • the three-dimensional object (100) is characterized in that the smallest dimension has a size of at least 5% of the size of the largest dimension, preferably of at least 10%, preferably of at least 20%, preferably of at least 30%, for example of at least 40%, for example of at least 50%. Examples of such three-dimensional objects (100) are shown in FIG. 1 , 2, 4, 5 and 6.
  • the three-dimensional object (100) is characterized in that at least one dimension has a variation in size of at least 5% of the size, preferably of at least 10%, preferably of at least 20%, preferably of at least 30%, for example of at least 40%, for example of at least 50%.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a ceiling tile in which a halogen spotlight or LED spotlight is placed.
  • An example of a two-dimensional object that does not correspond to the above definition of a "three-dimensional object" is a flat plate or panel: one dimension is much smaller than the others, and the plate has little or no variation in size in all 3 dimensions.
  • the object (100) has a free flowing shape or a free-form structure. This is intended to give the object (100) an irregular and/or asymmetric shape or structure, preferably a flowing irregular and/or asymmetric shape or structure.
  • a free-form structure refers to a three- dimensional geometric object characterized by a lack of rigid radial measurements, in contrast to regular shapes such as cylinders, plates and conical shapes. Free-form structures are primarily known in engineering design disciplines. Free-form structures are often described by "nonuniform rational B-spline (NURBS)" models, but other methods are also known, such as Gorden or Coons surfaces. The free form structure can have better acoustic properties.
  • NURBS nonuniform rational B-spline
  • the object (100) is not a flat plate. In some embodiments the object (100) is not cuboidal. In some embodiments the object (100) does not have the shape of a parallelepiped.
  • melamine foam in this document is used to designate a polymer foam obtained on the basis of melamine, preferably using melamine-formaldehyde condensation, wherein melamine functions as a thermosetting molding agent.
  • the melamine foam of the present invention preferably comprises an open-cell scaffolding structure of foam material.
  • the scaffolding structure typically comprises a plurality of interconnected three-dimensionally branched scaffoldings which together form a pore structure.
  • the melamine foam can be formed from melamine-formaldehyde precondensate.
  • the precondensate used for the production of melamine foam suitable for the present invention preferably has a molar ratio of formaldehyde to melamine in the range of 5:1 to 1.3:1 ; and more preferably in the range of 3.5:1 to 1.5:1.
  • the precondensate for the melamine foam comprises thermosetting molding agents other than melamine, for example of 0% to 50 wt-% other thermosetting molding agents, preferably of 0% to 40 wt-% other thermosetting molding agents, more preferably of 0% to 30 wt.-% other thermosetting molding agents, and most preferably from 0% to 20 wt.-% other thermosetting molding agents, with the wt.-% being based on the total weight of all
  • thermosetting molding agents thermosetting molding agents.
  • the precondensate for the melamine foam contains aldehydes other than formaldehyde, for example from 0% to 50 wt.-% other aldehydes, preferably from 0% to 40 wt.- % other aldehydes, more preferably from 0% to 30 wt.-% other aldehydes, and most preferably from 0% to 20 wt.-% other aldehydes, with wt.-% being based on the total weight of all aldehydes.
  • aldehydes other than formaldehyde for example from 0% to 50 wt.-% other aldehydes, preferably from 0% to 40 wt.- % other aldehydes, more preferably from 0% to 30 wt.-% other aldehydes, and most preferably from 0% to 20 wt.-% other aldehydes, with wt.-% being based on the total weight of all aldehydes.
  • the precondensate for the melamine foam contains no other thermosetting molding agents and no other aldehydes.
  • thermosetting molding agents are selected from the list comprising: alkyl and aryl substituted melamine, urea, urethanes, carboxamides, dicyandiamide, guanidine, sulfurylamide, sulfonamides, aliphatic amines, glycols, phenol of derivatives thereof, or mixtures thereof.
  • the other aldehydes are selected from the list comprising: acetaldehyde, trimethylolacetaldehyde, acrolein, benzaldehyde, furfural, glyoxal, glutaraldehyde,
  • the precondensate comprises an emulsifier or dispersant. In some preferred embodiments the precondensate comprises a blowing agent.
  • the precondensate comprises added substances, for example selected from the list comprising: fibers, flame retardants, UV stabilizers, agents for reducing the toxicity of combustion gases, fragrances or optical brighteners.
  • the open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam can, for example, be impregnated with an ammonium salt or with sodium silicate to improve the fire resistance of the open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam.
  • the precondensate comprises from 0.1 % to 20%, preferably 0.1% to 10 wt.-% (based on the total weight of the precondensate) of these added substances.
  • These added substances preferably form a homogeneous distribution in the open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam.
  • the polymer foam preferably open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam
  • the polymer foam comprises one or more fillers or pigments. These fillers or pigments are typically located in the pore structure of the foam.
  • the polymer foam, preferably open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam comprises one or more fillers. In some embodiments, the polymer foam, preferably open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam, comprises no fillers.
  • the fillers in the polymer foam preferably open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam
  • the filler can be embedded in the pore structure of the melamine foam.
  • the polymer foam comprises a filler material such as glass beads with, for example, a diameter in the range of 0.1 to 1 mm.
  • the particulate fillers are preferably located in the pore structure of the open-cell foam and thus immobilized.
  • a structure of this type can be produced by subsequent impregnation of the foamed material with fillers, since in this way the particle size of the fillers is always selected such that the particle size is smaller than the pore size of the foam material so that distribution throughout the foam material can be ensured.
  • the polymer foam preferably open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam
  • the polymer foam comprises one or more pigments.
  • Pigments that may be used comprise, for example, the usual organic pigments. These pigments are preferably mixed with fillers in advance.
  • the exact color of the polymer foam, for example open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam, can be difficult to control. Since the resulting color variations are unacceptable in some uses, pigments may be added to the polymer foam.
  • different parts of the object (100) can be made of polymer foam to which different pigments have been added.
  • the heterogeneous addition of pigments results in light fixtures with one or more colors.
  • the pigments can also mask any color variations in the starting material.
  • the invention comprises two or more objects (100).
  • the object (100) comprises polyethylene or polycarbonate.
  • the polyethylene or polycarbonate can be used to functionally provide extra light between two or more objects (100).
  • the polymer foam preferably open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam
  • the polymer foam preferably open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam
  • the polymer foam, preferably open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam has a tensile strength of at least 90 kPa, as measured according to the ISO 1798 standard.
  • the polymer foam preferably open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam, has an elongation at break of at least 10%, as measured according to the ISO 1798 standard.
  • the polymer foam preferably open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam
  • the polymer foam, preferably open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam has a maximum use temperature (as defined in ISO 3386-1) of 200°C, as measured over a period of 5000h according to the DIN EN ISO 2578 standard.
  • the polymer foam preferably open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam
  • the polymer foam, preferably open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam preferably has an open-cell structure with a content of open cells, measured according to ISO 4590 DIN, of more than 50% and more preferably of more than 80%.
  • the mean pore diameter of the polymer foam preferably open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam, preferably falls in the range of 10 to 1000 ⁇ and more particularly in the range of 50 to 600 pm.
  • Sound damping is one of the possible benefits of polymer foams such as open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam. Moreover such materials can have good thermal insulation, fire resistance, temperature resistance, and plastic memory. Some products based on melamine foam have a sound absorption of more than 90% (for sound waves with a frequency of 2000 Hz, with a 50 mm thick panel, according to ISO 10534). This sound-absorbing effect can be a significant advantage of the use of melamine foam in light fixtures, since it can improve the acoustics of the space in which the light fixture hangs.
  • the low weight of light fixtures made of polymer foam for example open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam, can be advantageous in various uses, for example for use in light fixtures.
  • the object (100) comprises electrical wiring (140) and one or more light bulb sockets (142).
  • the one or more light bulb sockets (142) are preferably connected to the electrical wiring (140), so that the assembly consisting of the object (100), electrical wiring (140) and one or more light bulb sockets (142) can serve as a light fixture.
  • the object (100) is a light fixture.
  • the electrical wiring (140) is connected to the object (100) by means of one or more cable mounts (146), as illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • the object (100) comprises one or more light sources (144), for example lamps.
  • the one or more light sources (144) make electrical contact with the one or more light bulb sockets (142), for example by means of clamps.
  • the one or more light sources (144) are selected from the list comprising: an LED light, a halogen lamp, an incandescent bulb, a neon tube lamp, a xenon lamp, an energy saving bulb, or an induction lamp.
  • the one or more light sources (144) are LED lights.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates an example of an electrical configuration of an object (100) according to a preferred embodiment. In a preferred embodiment one or more internal spaces (1 10) are hollowed out in the object (100), for example one or more cavities.
  • these one or more internal spaces (1 10) can be connected with the external environment via one or more openings (112), for example perforations or channels.
  • the above-named one or more light bulb sockets (142) can be fitted into the one or more internal spaces (110).
  • space is created for the light sources (144) as well as space for the output of the light coming from the light sources (144), so that the light released by the object (100) is optimally distributed and dispersed without excessive light loss occurring. In this way the light generated is distributed optimally and efficiently over the space.
  • the three-dimensional object (100) is a hollow ball-shaped or ellipsoidal shell with a perforation (112) in the shell.
  • one or more light bulb sockets (142) and one or more light bulbs (or light sources) (144) may be located inside the shell.
  • the light bulb (144) When the light bulb (144) is on, the light can escape from the shell through the perforation (112) in the shell. Examples of possible preferred shapes of the object (100) are shown FIG. 1-7.
  • the one or more light sources (144) are placed in the one or more light bulb sockets (142) so that the light source (144) makes electrical contact with the terminals in the one or more light bulb sockets (142), wherein the one or more light sources (144) are selected from the list comprising: an LED light, a halogen lamp, an incandescent bulb, a neon tube lamp, a xenon lamp, an energy-saving bulb, or an induction light bulb.
  • a battery system can be used to supply energy for the operation of the light source (144).
  • the one or more light sources (144) are dimmable.
  • the object (100) is shaped by milling, contour cutting (for example using a wire saw or a band knife), or stamping. In the most preferred embodiments the object (100) is shaped by milling.
  • the milled objects can assume any shape and ensure a uniform, even, high- quality, and/or fine finishing of the object.
  • the object (100) according to the present invention is a milled object (100).
  • the object (100) according to the present invention is a sanded object (100).
  • the object (100) according to the present invention is a milled and sanded object (100). With sanding, milling lines can be eliminated.
  • the sanding can be used in order to reduce the production cost of milling through the use of coarse milling, and by afterwards eliminating possible flaws by sanding the object (100).
  • the sanding is performed by mounting the whole on a turntable / lathe, rotating the object (100) and sanding the object (100).
  • the object (100) comprises revolution figures.
  • the object (100) comprises non-rotation figures.
  • the object (100) is manufactured from one piece of foam.
  • such an object (100) is milled out when the milling machine has sufficient axes.
  • such an object (100) is milled out from a block of foam with a maximum dimension of 500 mm.
  • An object (100) made of one piece of foam has the advantage that there is no glue or seam, which is also easier and can be flocked more cheaply.
  • the object (100) can be made from two or more semifinished articles (101-106); for example 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 , 12, 13, 14, 15 or more semifinished articles that are assembled together.
  • the semifinished articles (101-106) are three- dimensional semifinished articles (101-106). By working with semifinished articles the object can be assembled efficiently.
  • standard semifinished articles can be produced which, when they are assembled, form a unique object (100).
  • the two or more semifinished articles (101-106) are complementary to one another. The fact that the semifinished articles (101-106) to be assembled are complementary to one another makes the assembly of the object (100) simpler, faster and/or more efficient.
  • the semifinished articles (101-106) can be assembled together by bonding.
  • the adhesive (120) is a fire-retardant adhesive (120).
  • At least one of the two or more semifinished articles (101 -106) is a three- dimensional semifinished article, wherein the term three-dimensional is used as previously described.
  • the one or more internal spaces (1 10) that are cut out in the object (100) are formed by recesses in at least two semifinished articles (101 , 102), which are mounted relative to one another.
  • one of the at least two semifinished articles (101 , 102) comprises an internal space (1 10), wherein the second semifinished article provides for the connection with the external environment via one or more openings (1 12).
  • the object (100) comprises 1 piece of open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam.
  • such an object (100) is made by robotic milling.
  • the object (100) has an open structure, for example by means of perforations, and it is filled with open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam.
  • the open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam, in the object (100) according to the present invention comprises a pigment.
  • the object (100) comprises two or more parts of open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam
  • it is preferred that at least two parts of open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam. comprise different types of pigment and/or different quantities of pigment.
  • the provision of different parts of open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam, for the object with different types of pigment and/or different quantities of pigment offers a large number of possible variations for the object (100) so that each object (100) can be personalized.
  • the object (100) can be covered by a membrane or coating.
  • the membrane or the coating can, for example, be a knitted tube, a flocked cloth, or one or more layers of paint.
  • the object (100) is flocked directly.
  • the membrane is braided or woven, preferably woven.
  • the membrane comprises polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, polyimide, or a combination thereof, preferably in the form of fibers.
  • the flocked cloth or direct flocking is applied with adhesive, preferably fire-retardant adhesive. More preferably, a direct flock is applied with glue.
  • adhesive preferably fire-retardant adhesive.
  • a direct flock is applied with glue.
  • the flock fibers preferably have a length of 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm, more preferably from 0.7 to 2.0 mm.
  • the adhesive is flexible. This causes less transport damage or damage by pushing the object (100).
  • the adhesive comprises a flame retardant.
  • the adhesive may comprise a one-component adhesive system or a two-component adhesive system.
  • the adhesive comprises a pigment, preferably in the same color as the flock fiber.
  • the thickness of the flock fiber is at least 1.0 dtex and ay most 80 dtex, for example at least 2.5 dtex and at most 50 dtex, for example at least 8 dtex and at most 20 dtex.
  • the thickness is preferably at least 2.5 dtex and at most 8 dtex.
  • the thickness is preferably at least 20 dtex and at most 50 dtex. This ensures that the fiber does not sag too much.
  • the material of the fiber is preferably polyamide, which is readily available in all colors and sizes.
  • the fiber is a polyamide fiber of at leasts 0.5 and at most 2.0 mm in length.
  • the fiber is a polyamide fiber having a thickness of at least 2 dtex and at most 60 dtex.
  • the fiber is a polyamide fiber of at least 0.5 and at most 2.0 mm long with a thickness of at least 2 dtex and at most 60 dtex.
  • the fiber is a viscose fiber, a cotton fiber, or a polyester fiber.
  • the fiber is a modacrylic fiber, such as a modacrylic fiber of 17 dtex, 2 mm in length.
  • a modacrylic fiber such as a modacrylic fiber of 17 dtex, 2 mm in length.
  • the difference with polyamide is that this is inherently fire retardant.
  • the modacrylic fiber is a fiber of at least 0.5 and at most 2.0 mm in length. In some embodiments, the fiber is a modacrylic fiber having a thickness of at least 2 dtex and at most 60 dtex. In some embodiments, the modacrylic fiber is a fiber of at least 0.5 and at most 2.0 mm long with a thickness of at least 2 dtex and at most 60 dtex. In some embodiments, the fiber is a polyester fiber, preferably a polyester fiber with flame retardants.
  • the adhesive may be applied with a brush, a roller, or preferably by spraying the adhesive (spray). If some parts of the object (100) may not be flocked, they can be covered with tape.
  • the thickness of the dried adhesive layer is preferably at least 1 / 10th of the length of the flock fiber.
  • a primer is first applied. In some embodiments, instead of a primer, a thicker layer of adhesive is applied.
  • the flock fiber is applied directly onto the still wet adhesive.
  • the flock fiber is applied by a manual electrostatic flocking apparatus or an electrostatic flock machine.
  • the flock fibers are preferably charged, preferably between 50 kV and 100 kV.
  • the portion of the object (100) with the adhesive is grounded.
  • the adhesive layer itself is grounded.
  • the adhesive is dried at room temperature. Excess flock fibers are then preferably removed, for example by blowing, vacuuming, brushing, or washing.
  • flock fibers are used with different colors on one and the same object in order to obtain color effects.
  • one can make a basic color seem darker or lighter.
  • this effect is achieved by the use of a flocked cloth, in that it has a smooth surface, all fibers are at the same height and provide a sleek additional color and gloss effect. Without the use of a cloth , the surface will be rougher by the occurrence of pores, whereby a part of the fibers will be oriented in different directions.
  • a flocked cloth compared with direct flocking is that a flocked cloth is less expensive.
  • the flocked fibers of the flocked cloth may be shorter, for example around 0.7 mm.
  • the flocked fibers have a length of at least 0.2 and at most 1.5 mm, for example at least 0.4 and at most 1.0 mm, for example at least 0.6 and at most 0.8 mm.
  • the object (100) can be connected to one or more hanging mechanisms (150).
  • the one or more hanging mechanisms (150) can for example comprise one or more cords and/or one or more hooks.
  • the object (100) is hung on a ceiling.
  • a possible hanging mechanism is illustrated in FIG. 7.
  • the hanging mechanism (150) comprises electrical wiring (140).
  • the object (100) is reinforced, for example by aluminum foil or strips of wood. In this way the object (100) can be hung from a ceiling in a more rigid manner.
  • the object (100) contains a motion sensor.
  • the motion sensor can be used to turn on the lighting.
  • the invention comprises a method for producing an object (100), preferably a three-dimensional object (100), that is suitable for housing a light source (144).
  • the method comprises the following steps: a) the preparation of a polymer foam, preferably open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam; and b) the processing of the polymer foam, preferably open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam, into an object (100) that is suitable for housing a light source (144).
  • the preparation of melamine foam in step a) can be performed as described below.
  • the melamine-formaldehyde precondensate and, optionally, solvent can preferably be foamed with an acid, a dispersant, a blowing agent, and optionally inorganic fillers at temperatures above the boiling point of the blowing agent, then dried.
  • a precondensate comprising melamine and formaldehyde, and optionally other substances as described above, is foamed. This can be done by heating the suspension of melamine-formaldehyde precondensate, optionally in the presence of a blowing agent, preferably to a temperature above the boiling point of the blowing agent and preferably in a closed mold.
  • a preferred embodiment of the method for producing the foam of the present invention comprises the steps of: (1 ) producing a suspension comprising a melamine-formaldehyde precondensate, and possibly other added constituents such as a blowing agent;
  • the melamine-formaldehyde precondensate can be prepared in the presence of alcohols, for example methanol, ethanol or butanol, so that partially or completely etherified condensates can be obtained.
  • alcohols for example methanol, ethanol or butanol
  • the formation of the ether groups influences the solubility of the melamine- formaldehyde precondensate and the mechanical properties of the cured material.
  • Anionic, cationic and nonionic surface-active substances and also mixtures thereof can be used as dispersants and/or emulsifiers in the precondensate.
  • Usable anionic surface-active substances comprise, for example, diphenylene oxide sulfonates, alkane and alkylbenzene sulfonates, alkylnaphthalene sulfonates, olefin sulfonates, alkyl ether sulfonates, fatty alcohol sulfates, ether sulfates, [alpha] sulfo-fatty acid esters, acylaminoalkane sulfonates, acyl isethionates, alkyl ether carboxylates, N acyl sarcosinates, alkyl and alkyl ether phosphates.
  • Usable ionic surface-active substances are alkylphenol polyglycol ethers, fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers, fatty acid polyglycol ethers, fatty acid alkanolamides, ethylene oxide- propylene oxide block copolymers, amine oxides, glycerol fatty acid esters, sorbitan esters and alkylpolyglycosides.
  • Usable cationic emulsifiers are, for example, alkyltriammonium salts, alkyl benzyl dimethyl ammonium chloride salts and alkylpyridinium salts.
  • the dispersants/emulsifiers are added in a range of 0.2% to 5 wt.-%, with wt.-% based on the total weight of the melamine-formaldehyde precondensate.
  • both physical and chemical blowing agents can be used in the method according to the present invention.
  • the mixture contains a blowing agent.
  • the quantity of blowing agent in the mixture generally depends on the desired density of the foam.
  • Preferred "physical" blowing agents comprise, for example, hydrocarbons, such as pentane, hexane, halogenated, particularly chlorinated and/or fluorinated, hydrocarbons, such as methylene chloride, chloroform, trichloroethane,
  • chlorofluorocarbons chlorofluorohydrocarbons (CFHCs)
  • alcohols for example methanol, ethanol, n-propanol or isopropanol
  • ethers ketones and esters, such as methyl formate, ethyl formate, methyl acetate or ethyl acetate, in liquid form, or air, nitrogen or carbon dioxide as gases.
  • Preferred "chemical" blowing agents comprise for example isocyanates mixed with water, which release carbon dioxide as an active foaming agent.
  • the precondensate contains at least one blowing agent.
  • the blowing agent is preferably present in the mixture in a quantity of 0.5% to 60% by weight, preferably 1% to 40 wt.-% and more preferably 1.5% to 30 wt.-%, with wt.-% being based on the total weight of the melamine-formaldehyde precondensate.
  • acid compounds are used to catalyze the further condensation of the melamine resin. These acid compounds are preferably added in a range of 0.01 % to 20% by weight and more preferably in a range of 0.05% to 5 wt.-%, with wt.-% based on the total weight of the melamine-formaldehyde precondensate.
  • Usable acid compounds can be selected from the list comprising: organic and inorganic acids, for example chosen from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, oxalic acid, toluenesulfonic acid, sulfamic acid, acid anhydrides, and mixtures thereof.
  • Heating can be performed with electromagnetic radiation, for example via high-frequency radiation of 5 to 400 kW, preferably of 5 to 200 kW and more preferably of 9 to 120 kW per kg of the mixture, in a frequency range of 0.2 to 100 GHz, preferably of 0.5 to 10 GHz.
  • Magnetrons are a useful source of electromagnetic radiation.
  • the foamed material is preferably dried, wherein residual water and foaming agent are removed from the foam.
  • After-treatment may be used to make the foam hydrophobic.
  • This after-treatment preferably provides a hydrophobic coating with a high thermal stability and low flammability, for example a coating comprising silicones, siliconates or fluorinated compounds.
  • the method described typically results in blocks or plates of foam material, which can be cut to size.
  • the foam in blocks or plates
  • Thermocompression often provides for better fixation of the particulate filler materials in the open-cell structure of the foam.
  • step b) is performed by milling.
  • step b) is carried out by means of sanding.
  • step b) is carried out by means of milling and sanding.
  • a complete block of polymer foam preferably open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam
  • a milling head preferably rotatable around multiple axes, then processes the block into the desired shape.
  • the milling head is preferably specially selected for milling foams, for example by choosing a milling head with a fine structure.
  • An exhaust system and dust masks are recommended when milling open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam.
  • a membrane or coating is applied.
  • the membrane or the coating is applied before milling. In some embodiments the membrane or the coating is applied after milling. In some embodiments the membrane or the coating is applied to parts of the object before milling. In some embodiments the membrane or the coating is applied to parts of the object after milling.
  • the flocked cloth or direct flocking is applied before milling. In some embodiments the flocked cloth or direct flocking is applied after milling. In some embodiments the flocked cloth or direct flocking is applied to parts of the object before milling. In some embodiments the flocked cloth or direct flocking is applied to parts of the object after milling.
  • the object (100) directly flocked, preferably by means of an electrostatic field.
  • step b) is performed by contour cutting and/or stamping. In some embodiments step b) is performed partly by milling and partly by contour cutting and/or stamping.
  • one or more internal spaces (110) are provided in the object (100) and, optionally, the one or more internal spaces (110) are connected with the external environment through one or more openings (112).
  • electrical wiring (140) and one or more light bulb sockets (142) are added.
  • the electrical wiring (140) also functions as a mechanism for hanging (150).
  • the method comprises the coupling together of two or more semifinished articles (101-106), preferably by bonding the two or more semifinished articles
  • the two or more semifinished articles (101-106) are connected reversibly to one another. In some embodiments the two or more semifinished articles (101-106) are connected irreversibly to one another.
  • a metal plate (130) provides additional rigidity and/or provides for the fastening of a light bulb socket (142).
  • the object (100) is packaged.
  • the invention comprises the use of open cell acoustic foam, preferably melamine foam for producing a housing of a light source (144).
  • the invention comprises the use of an object (100) according to the first aspect of the invention as a housing for one or more light sources (144).
  • the object (100) is used in a space selected from the list comprising: a residential space, a professional space, a commercial space, a utility space, an office, a sound studio, an athletic facility, a school building or auditorium, an athletic facility, a meeting room, a catering business, or a hotel.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une lampe ou un luminaire constitué de mousse de mélamine. L'invention concerne également un procédé de production d'une lampe ou d'un luminaire constitué de mousse de mélamine. L'invention concerne en outre l'utilisation de mousse de mélamine pour produire une lampe ou un luminaire.
PCT/BE2015/000043 2014-09-15 2015-09-15 Luminaire en mousse acoustique à cellules ouvertes WO2016041023A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15805378.5A EP3194847B1 (fr) 2014-09-15 2015-09-15 Luminaire en mousse acoustique à cellules ouvertes

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BEBE2014/0691 2014-09-15
BE2014/0691A BE1021608B1 (nl) 2014-09-15 2014-09-15 Lichtarmatuur uit melamineschuim

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WO2016041023A1 true WO2016041023A1 (fr) 2016-03-24
WO2016041023A4 WO2016041023A4 (fr) 2016-05-19

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EP (1) EP3194847B1 (fr)
BE (1) BE1021608B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016041023A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018215695A1 (fr) 2017-05-24 2018-11-29 Aurinkopuro Oy Élément de lumière acoustique
US11211040B2 (en) 2017-09-15 2021-12-28 Focal Point, Llc Modular fixture with integrated acoustic sound absorbing housing

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5209562A (en) * 1990-09-20 1993-05-11 Glassford Joseph B Utility light
DE202008008896U1 (de) * 2008-10-27 2010-03-18 Pinta Acoustic Gmbh Schaumstoffteil sowie hängend befestigter Schallabsorber
WO2012156060A1 (fr) * 2011-05-18 2012-11-22 Bosig Gmbh Luminaire à absorption acoustique
WO2013190447A2 (fr) * 2012-06-20 2013-12-27 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Panneau acoustique ayant des propriétés d'éclairage
DE102012013266A1 (de) * 2012-07-04 2014-01-09 Bosig Gmbh Schallabsorbierende Leuchte

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2633223A1 (fr) * 2010-10-26 2013-09-04 David Peter Bolliger Accessoire de dispositif informatique

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5209562A (en) * 1990-09-20 1993-05-11 Glassford Joseph B Utility light
DE202008008896U1 (de) * 2008-10-27 2010-03-18 Pinta Acoustic Gmbh Schaumstoffteil sowie hängend befestigter Schallabsorber
WO2012156060A1 (fr) * 2011-05-18 2012-11-22 Bosig Gmbh Luminaire à absorption acoustique
WO2013190447A2 (fr) * 2012-06-20 2013-12-27 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Panneau acoustique ayant des propriétés d'éclairage
DE102012013266A1 (de) * 2012-07-04 2014-01-09 Bosig Gmbh Schallabsorbierende Leuchte

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018215695A1 (fr) 2017-05-24 2018-11-29 Aurinkopuro Oy Élément de lumière acoustique
EP3631109A4 (fr) * 2017-05-24 2020-11-25 Aurinkopuro OY Élément de lumière acoustique
US11211040B2 (en) 2017-09-15 2021-12-28 Focal Point, Llc Modular fixture with integrated acoustic sound absorbing housing
US11380296B2 (en) 2017-09-15 2022-07-05 Focal Point, Llc Modular fixture with integrated acoustic sound absorbing housing
US11887572B2 (en) 2017-09-15 2024-01-30 Focal Point, Llc Modular fixture with integrated acoustic sound absorbing housing

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE1021608B1 (nl) 2015-12-18
EP3194847B1 (fr) 2019-08-07
WO2016041023A4 (fr) 2016-05-19
EP3194847A1 (fr) 2017-07-26

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