WO2016033902A1 - 导光板、导光板的制造方法及背光模组 - Google Patents

导光板、导光板的制造方法及背光模组 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016033902A1
WO2016033902A1 PCT/CN2014/093771 CN2014093771W WO2016033902A1 WO 2016033902 A1 WO2016033902 A1 WO 2016033902A1 CN 2014093771 W CN2014093771 W CN 2014093771W WO 2016033902 A1 WO2016033902 A1 WO 2016033902A1
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Prior art keywords
guide plate
light guide
light
protrusion
layer
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
许怀书
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Shenzhen TCL New Technology Co Ltd
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Shenzhen TCL New Technology Co Ltd
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  • the present invention relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a light guide plate, a method of manufacturing the light guide plate, and a backlight module.
  • the backlight module commonly used in liquid crystal displays has a basic optical structure of a reflection sheet, a light guide plate, a diffusion sheet, a brightness enhancement sheet, and a reflective brightness enhancement film.
  • the backlight module using the above optical basic structure has at least the following defects in the production process: First, the optical basic structure has five layers, the assembly complexity is high, and the gap between the multiple layers makes the backlight mode The overall light efficiency of the group is low; secondly, the light guide plate is easy to rub with the reflection sheet and the diffusion sheet during assembly, resulting in poor appearance; further, the reflection sheet has poor stiffness and is easy to produce a wave shape after assembly. bad. Thus, it is necessary to simplify the optical basic architecture of the current backlight module.
  • the main object of the present invention is to solve the technical problem of high complexity of assembly of a conventional backlight module.
  • the present invention provides a light guide plate
  • the light guide plate includes a light guide plate body, the light guide plate body has an opposite bottom surface and a light exit surface, and the light guide plate is provided with a diffusion layer on the light exit surface.
  • the diffusion layer is configured to uniformly transmit light from a light emitting surface of the light guide plate body
  • the light guide plate is provided with a diffuse reflection layer on the bottom surface
  • the diffused reflection layer is configured to make light from the light guide plate body
  • the bottom surface is diffusely reflected to the light-emitting surface
  • the light guide plate is provided with a reflective layer on a side of the diffuse reflection layer facing away from the light guide plate body, the reflective layer is for preventing light from being transmitted from the diffuse reflection layer And out.
  • the light guide plate is provided with a protrusion on the light-emitting surface, and the protrusion is filled with the light-emitting surface to form the diffusion layer.
  • the protrusion is granular, the protrusion includes a first protrusion and a second protrusion, the size of the first protrusion is different from the size of the second protrusion, and/or The height of the first protrusion is different from the height of the second protrusion.
  • the diffuse reflection layer of the light guide plate is a dot layer.
  • the light guide plate body further has a light incident side adjacent to the bottom surface and the light exit surface, and a density of the dots of the diffuse reflection layer is away from an end closer to the light incident side toward the light incident side. One end gradually increases.
  • the reflective layer is a film layer that is heat-pressed to the diffuse reflection layer.
  • the light guide plate is made of PMMA or MS, and the raw material of the reflective layer is PET.
  • the present invention further provides a method for fabricating a light guide plate, comprising the steps of: drying, melting, and hot-pressing a first light guide plate body having opposite bottom and light exiting surfaces; The light-emitting surface of the light guide body is hot pressed to form a diffusion layer; a diffuse reflection layer is formed by hot pressing on a bottom surface of the light guide plate body; and a reflective layer is formed on a side of the diffuse reflection layer facing away from the light guide plate body.
  • the first material is PMMA or MS.
  • the step of thermally forming a diffusion layer on the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate body comprises: performing a first hot pressing on the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate body to form a first height of the granular protrusion; a light-emitting surface of the light guide plate body is subjected to a second hot pressing to form a second height of the granular protrusion; wherein the first height is smaller than the second height, the first height of the granular protrusion and the first The positions of the two highly granular projections are staggered.
  • the diffuse reflection layer is a mesh layer
  • the light guide plate body further has a light incident side adjacent to the bottom surface and the light exit surface, and the density of the mesh point is away from an end near the light incident side. One end of the light incident side gradually increases.
  • the step of forming a reflective layer on a side of the diffuse reflection layer facing away from the light guide plate body comprises: drying, melting, and then stretching the second raw material into a reflective film; A heat press is applied to the diffuse reflection layer to form a reflective layer.
  • the second raw material is PET.
  • the present invention further provides a backlight module including a light guide plate
  • the light guide plate includes a light guide plate body
  • the light guide plate body has an opposite bottom surface and a light exit surface
  • the light guide plate is in the a light-emitting surface is disposed on the light-emitting surface for uniformly transmitting light from the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate body
  • the light guide plate is provided with a diffuse reflection layer on the bottom surface, and the diffused reflection layer is used for And diffusing light from the bottom surface of the light guide plate body to the light emitting surface
  • the light guide plate is provided with a reflective layer on a side of the diffuse reflection layer facing away from the light guide plate body, wherein the reflective layer is used for preventing Light is transmitted from the diffuse reflection layer.
  • the light guide plate is provided with a protrusion on the light-emitting surface, and the protrusion is filled with the light-emitting surface to form the diffusion layer.
  • the protrusion is granular, the protrusion includes a first protrusion and a second protrusion, the size of the first protrusion is different from the size of the second protrusion, and/or The height of the first protrusion is different from the height of the second protrusion.
  • the diffuse reflection layer of the light guide plate is a dot layer.
  • the light guide plate body further has a light incident side adjacent to the bottom surface and the light exit surface, and a density of the dots of the diffuse reflection layer is away from an end closer to the light incident side toward the light incident side. One end gradually increases.
  • the reflective layer is a film layer that is heat-pressed to the diffuse reflection layer.
  • the light guide plate is made of PMMA or MS, and the raw material of the reflective layer is PET.
  • the light guide plate provided by the present invention is provided with a diffusion layer on the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate body, and a diffuse reflection layer is disposed on the bottom surface, and a reflective layer is further disposed on a side of the diffuse reflection layer facing away from the light guide plate body, wherein the diffusion layer
  • the layer can diffuse the light emerging from the light-emitting surface, that is, the diffusion layer can function as a diffusion sheet in the optical basic structure of the conventional backlight module, and the diffuse reflection layer can uniformly diffuse light from the bottom surface to the light-emitting surface, and the reflective layer
  • the light source can be prevented from being transmitted from the diffuse reflection layer, that is, the combination of the diffuse reflection layer and the reflective layer can function as a reflection sheet in the optical basic structure of the conventional backlight module, that is, the light guide plate provided by the invention integrates the traditional backlight The function of the reflective sheet, the light guide plate and the diffusion sheet in the module, so that the backlight module using the light guide plate provided by the invention can save the reflection sheet and
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a light guide plate according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion II of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a method for manufacturing a light guide plate according to the present invention.
  • the invention provides a light guide plate.
  • the light guide plate includes a light guide plate body 10 , and the light guide plate body 10 has an opposite bottom surface 12 and a light exit surface 11 , and the light guide plate is provided with a diffusion layer 20 on the light exit surface 11 .
  • the diffusion layer 20 is configured to uniformly transmit light from the light-emitting surface 11 of the light guide plate body 10.
  • the light guide plate is provided with a diffuse reflection layer 30 on the bottom surface 12 for allowing light to pass from the light guide plate body 10.
  • the bottom surface 12 is diffusely reflected to the light exit surface 11.
  • the light guide plate is provided with a reflective layer 40 on the side of the diffuse reflection layer 30 facing away from the light guide plate body 10 for preventing light from being transmitted from the diffuse reflection layer 30.
  • the light guide plate can be made of PMMA (Poly Methyl Methacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate or MS (Methyl Methacrylate-styrene) Copolymer, methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer;
  • the raw material of the reflective layer 40 can be PET (Poly ethylene) Terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate).
  • the light guide plate provided in this embodiment is provided with a diffusion layer 20 on the light-emitting surface 11 of the light guide plate body 10, and a diffuse reflection layer 30 is disposed on the bottom surface 12, and the side of the diffuse reflection layer 30 facing away from the light guide plate body 10 is further provided.
  • a reflective layer 40 is disposed, wherein the diffusion layer 20 can diffuse the light emitted from the light-emitting surface 11, that is, the diffusion layer 20 can function as a diffusion sheet in the optical basic structure of the conventional backlight module, and the diffuse reflection layer 30 can The light is uniformly diffused from the bottom surface 12 to the light exit surface 11.
  • the reflective layer 40 can prevent light from being transmitted from the diffuse reflection layer 30.
  • the combination of the diffuse reflection layer 30 and the reflective layer 40 can serve as an optical basic structure of the conventional backlight module.
  • the function of the reflective sheet in the embodiment is that the light guide plate provided in the embodiment integrates the functions of the reflective sheet, the light guide plate and the diffusion sheet in the conventional backlight module, so that the backlight module of the light guide plate provided by the embodiment can be omitted.
  • the reflection sheet and the diffusion sheet are removed, thereby simplifying the assembly process of the backlight module, avoiding the appearance of the light guide plate and the reflection sheet and/or the diffusion sheet during assembly, resulting in poor appearance and reduced light efficiency, and avoiding the reflection sheet in the Wave generated after assembly The appearance of the form is poor and the light effect is lowered.
  • the light guide plate is provided with a protrusion 23 on the light-emitting surface 11 , and the protrusion 23 is filled with the light-emitting surface 11 to form the diffusion layer 20 .
  • the protrusion 23 is granular, and the protrusion 23 includes a first protrusion 21 and a second protrusion 22, wherein the size of the first protrusion 21 is different from the size of the second protrusion 22, and/or The height of the first protrusion 21 is different from the height of the second protrusion 22.
  • the height of the first protrusion 21 is lower than the height of the second protrusion 22; during the process of assembling the backlight module, the light guide plate may be rubbed and diffused with the brightness enhancement sheet or other items in contact with the light guide plate.
  • the protrusions 23 of the layer 20 have two different heights, which can enhance the anti-wear ability of the diffusion layer 20 of the light guide plate, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the light energy of the light-emitting surface 11.
  • the protrusions 23 include the first protrusions 21 and the second protrusions 22 of different sizes and/or heights, but the category range of the protrusions 23 is not limited herein; other in the present invention
  • the types of the protrusions 23 may be one type or three or more types.
  • the diffuse reflection layer 30 of the light guide plate is a dot layer, and the dot 31 is a pit; further, the light guide plate body 10 further has a light incident side 13 adjacent to the bottom surface 12 and the light exit surface 11, and the diffuse reflection layer 30
  • the density of the dots 31 gradually increases from one end close to the light incident side 13 toward the end farther from the light incident side 13.
  • the density of the dots 31 refers to the ratio of the area of the dots 31 to the area of the bottom surface 12.
  • the light guide plate when the light guide plate is used in the backlight module, the light emitted by the light source of the backlight module enters the light guide plate from the light-incident side 13 due to the light near the light-incident side 13 and the end away from the light-incident side 13
  • the light intensity is gradually weakened compared with the light, so in order to ensure the uniformity of the overall light of the light-emitting surface 11 of the light guide plate, the density of the dots 31 gradually increases from the end near the light-incident side 13 toward the end farther from the light-incident side 13 so that Light rays at the end remote from the light entering side 13 can provide better diffuse reflection.
  • the reflective layer 40 of the light guide plate is a film layer that is heat-pressed and adhered to the diffuse reflection layer 30.
  • the heat-pressure bonding means that the reflective layer 40 and the light guide plate body 10 are firmly fixed on the one hand. Together, on the other hand, it is possible to avoid a gap between the reflective film and the bottom surface 12 of the light guide plate body 10 that affects the light reflection effect.
  • the invention also provides a backlight module.
  • the backlight module includes the light guide plate in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the invention also provides a method of manufacturing a light guide plate.
  • a method for fabricating the light guide plate includes the steps of:
  • step S10 the first raw material is dried, melted, and then hot pressed to form a light guide plate body having opposite bottom surfaces and a light exiting surface.
  • the first raw material may be PMMA (Poly methyl Methacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate or MS (Methyl Methacrylate-styrene) Copolymer, methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer).
  • PMMA Poly methyl Methacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate or MS (Methyl Methacrylate-styrene) Copolymer, methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer
  • Step S20 forming a diffusion layer by hot pressing on the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate body
  • step S20 specifically includes:
  • Step S201 performing a first hot pressing on the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate body to form a first height of the granular protrusion
  • Step S202 performing a second hot pressing on the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate body to form a second height of the granular protrusion
  • the first height is smaller than the second height, and the position of the granular protrusion of the first height and the position of the granular protrusion of the second height are staggered.
  • the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate body is hot-pressed by the hot pressing process of the roller, so that the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate body is covered with a protrusion to form a diffusion layer, and the diffusion layer can diffuse the light emitted from the light-emitting surface.
  • the protrusion of the diffusion layer is granular, and the granular protrusion of the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate body has two different sizes and heights in the hot-pressing roller
  • the first hot pressing The lower height protrusion is obtained by the second hot pressing treatment, and the higher height protrusion is obtained by the second hot pressing treatment.
  • the diffusion layer of the present embodiment has a granular shape.
  • the protrusions have two different heights, which can enhance the anti-wear ability of the diffusion layer of the light guide plate, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the light energy of the light exit surface.
  • step S30 a diffuse reflection layer is formed by hot pressing on the bottom surface of the light guide plate body.
  • the diffuse reflection layer is a mesh layer
  • the light guide plate body further has a light incident side adjacent to the bottom surface and the light exiting surface, and the density of the dot layer dot is gradually increased from an end near the light incident side to an end farther from the light incident side. Increase.
  • the bottom surface of the light guide plate body is filled with a mesh point by using a halftone roller to heat-press the bottom surface of the light guide plate body, and the diffuse reflection layer can uniformly diffuse light from the bottom surface to the light exit surface;
  • the density of the dots is from the end closer to the light-incident side in order to ensure uniformity of the overall light on the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate.
  • the end away from the light-incident side is gradually increased so that the light at the end far from the light-incident side can be more diffusely reflected.
  • step S30 can be performed simultaneously with step S201 or step S202 to reduce the processing time of the light guide plate and shorten the length of the processing device of the light guide plate, thereby improving the efficiency of manufacturing the light guide plate.
  • step S40 a reflective layer is formed on a side of the diffuse reflection layer facing away from the light guide body.
  • the reflective layer has a high reflectivity for preventing light from being transmitted from the diffuse reflection layer, that is, the presence of the reflective layer can further enhance the ability of the light guide plate to reflect light at the bottom surface, thereby reducing The loss of light energy improves the overall light efficiency of the backlight module using the light guide plate.
  • the light guide plate produced in this embodiment is provided with a diffusion layer on the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate body, a diffuse reflection layer is disposed on the bottom surface, and a reflective layer is further disposed on a side of the diffuse reflection layer facing away from the light guide plate body, wherein
  • the diffusion layer can diffuse the light emitted from the light-emitting surface, that is, the diffusion layer can function as a diffusion sheet in the optical basic structure of the conventional backlight module, and the diffuse reflection layer can uniformly diffuse the light from the bottom surface to the light-emitting surface, and the reflection
  • the layer can prevent light from being transmitted from the diffuse reflection layer, that is, the combination of the diffuse reflection layer and the reflection layer can function as a reflection sheet in the optical basic structure of the conventional backlight module, that is, the light guide plate manufactured in the embodiment is integrated.
  • the function of the reflective sheet, the light guide plate and the diffusion sheet in the conventional backlight module so that the backlight module using the light guide plate manufactured by the embodiment can save the reflection sheet and the diffusion sheet, thereby simplifying the assembly process of the backlight module and avoiding During the assembly process, the light guide plate and the reflection sheet and/or the diffusion sheet are rubbed to cause poor appearance and reduced light efficiency, and the appearance of the wave form due to the reflection sheet after assembly is poor and the light is avoided. Reduced efficiency.
  • step S40 include:
  • Step S401 drying, melting, and stretching the second raw material into a reflective film
  • step S402 the reflective film is thermocompression bonded to the diffuse reflection layer to form a reflective layer.
  • the second raw material may be PET (Poly ethylene) Terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate);
  • the light guide plate produced in this embodiment is also heat-pressed and adhered to the reflective layer on the bottom surface, and the reflective film can be made on the one hand by thermocompression bonding. It is firmly fixed on the bottom surface of the light guide body, and on the other hand, it can avoid the gap between the reflective film and the bottom surface of the light guide body that affects the light reflection effect.

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Abstract

一种导光板及其制造方法，以及使用该导光板的背光模组。该导光板包括导光板本体（10），其具有相对的底面（12）和出光面（11），在出光面（11）上设有扩散层（20），用于使光从导光板本体（10）的出光面（11）均匀透射而出，导光板在底面（12）上设有漫反射层（30），用于使光从导光板本体（10）的底面（12）漫反射至出光面（11），导光板在漫反射层（30）的背离导光板本体（10）的一侧设有反射层（40），用于防止光从漫反射层（30）透射而出。使用该导光板可以起到简化背光模组的组装工艺，避免外观不良的缺陷。

Description

导光板、导光板的制造方法及背光模组
技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及导光板、导光板的制造方法及背光模组。
背景技术
目前液晶显示器常用的背光模组，其光学基本架构为反射片、导光板、扩散片、增光片及反射式增亮膜。然而，使用以上光学基本架构的背光模组在生产过程中至少会存在以下几个方面的缺陷：首先，该光学基本架构有五层，组装复杂程度高，且多个层间的缝隙使得背光模组的整体光效较低；其次，组装过程中导光板易与反射片和扩散片产生摩擦，导致外观不良的产生；再者，反射片的挺性较差，组装后易产生波浪形态的外观不良。如此，简化目前背光模组的光学基本架构实为必要。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于解决传统背光模组的组装复杂程度高的技术问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供一种导光板，所述导光板包括导光板本体，所述导光板本体具有相对的底面和出光面，所述导光板在所述出光面上设有扩散层，该扩散层用于使光从所述导光板本体的出光面均匀透射而出，所述导光板在所述底面上设有漫反射层，该漫反射层用于使光从所述导光板本体的底面漫反射至所述出光面，所述导光板在所述漫反射层的背离所述导光板本体的一侧设有反射层，所述反射层用于防止光从所述漫反射层透射而出。
优选地，所述导光板在所述出光面设有凸起，所述凸起满布所述出光面而形成所述扩散层。
优选地，所述凸起为颗粒状，所述凸起包括第一凸起和第二凸起，所述第一凸起的大小与所述第二凸起的大小不同，及/或，所述第一凸起的高度与所述第二凸起的高度不同。
优选地，所述导光板的漫反射层为网点层。
优选地，所述导光板本体还具有邻接于所述底面和所述出光面的入光侧，所述漫反射层的网点的密度自靠近所述入光侧的一端向远离所述入光侧的一端逐渐增大。
优选地，所述反射层为热压贴合于所述漫反射层上的薄膜层。
优选地，所述导光板由PMMA或者MS所制成，所述反射层的原材料为PET。
此外，为实现上述目的，本发明还提供一种导光板的制作方法，包括步骤：将第一原材料烘干、熔融，再热压成型一具有相对的底面和出光面的导光板本体；在所述导光板本体的出光面热压形成扩散层；在所述导光板本体的底面热压形成漫反射层；在所述漫反射层的背离所述导光板本体的一侧成型反射层。
优选地，所述第一材料为PMMA或者MS。
优选地，所述在导光板本体的出光面热压形成扩散层的具体步骤包括：在所述导光板本体的出光面进行第一次热压形成第一高度的颗粒状凸起；在所述导光板本体的出光面进行第二次热压形成第二高度的颗粒状凸起；其中，所述第一高度小于所述第二高度，所述第一高度的颗粒状凸起与所述第二高度的颗粒状凸起的位置错开。
优选地，所述漫反射层为网点层，所述导光板本体还具有邻接于所述底面和所述出光面的入光侧，所述网点的密度自靠近所述入光侧的一端向远离所述入光侧的一端逐渐增大。
优选地，所述在所述漫反射层的背离所述导光板本体的一侧成型反射层的具体步骤包括：将第二原材料烘干、熔融，再拉伸成反射薄膜；将所述反射薄膜热压贴合于所述漫反射层上而形成反射层。
优选地，所述第二原材料为PET。
此外，为实现上述目的，本发明还提供一种背光模组，包括导光板，所述导光板包括导光板本体，所述导光板本体具有相对的底面和出光面，所述导光板在所述出光面上设有扩散层，该扩散层用于使光从所述导光板本体的出光面均匀透射而出，所述导光板在所述底面上设有漫反射层，该漫反射层用于使光从所述导光板本体的底面漫反射至所述出光面，所述导光板在所述漫反射层的背离所述导光板本体的一侧设有反射层，所述反射层用于防止光从所述漫反射层透射而出。
优选地，所述导光板在所述出光面设有凸起，所述凸起满布所述出光面而形成所述扩散层。
优选地，所述凸起为颗粒状，所述凸起包括第一凸起和第二凸起，所述第一凸起的大小与所述第二凸起的大小不同，及/或，所述第一凸起的高度与所述第二凸起的高度不同。
优选地，所述导光板的漫反射层为网点层。
优选地，所述导光板本体还具有邻接于所述底面和所述出光面的入光侧，所述漫反射层的网点的密度自靠近所述入光侧的一端向远离所述入光侧的一端逐渐增大。
优选地，所述反射层为热压贴合于所述漫反射层上的薄膜层。
优选地，所述导光板由PMMA或者MS所制成，所述反射层的原材料为PET。
本发明所提供的导光板在导光板本体的出光面上设有扩散层，在底面上设有漫反射层，在漫反射层的背离导光板本体的一侧还设有反射层，其中，扩散层能扩散从出光面的出射的光，即扩散层能起到传统背光模组的光学基本架构中的扩散片的作用，漫反射层能使光从底面均匀的漫反射至出光面，反射层能防止光从漫反射层透射而出，即漫反射层和反射层的组合能起到传统背光模组的光学基本架构中的反射片的作用，即本发明所提供的导光板集成了传统背光模组中反射片、导光板和扩散片的功能，故使用本发明所提供的导光板的背光模组可省去反射片和扩散片，从而简化了背光模组的组装工艺，避免了组装过程中导光板与反射片和/或扩散片产生摩擦所导致外观不良及光效降低，还避免了因反射片在组装后产生的波浪形态的外观不良及光效降低。
附图说明
图1为本发明导光板一实施例的结构示意图；
图2为图1中II处的放大示意图；
图3为本发明导光板的制造方法一实施例的流程示意图。
本发明目的的实现、功能特点及优点将结合实施例，参照附图做进一步说明。
具体实施方式
应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
本发明提供一种导光板。
参照图1和图2，在一实施例中，该导光板包括导光板本体10，该导光板本体10具有相对的底面12和出光面11，导光板在出光面11上设有扩散层20，该扩散层20用于使光从导光板本体10的出光面11均匀透射而出，导光板在底面12上设有漫反射层30，该漫反射层30用于使光从导光板本体10的底面12漫反射至出光面11，导光板在漫反射层30的背离导光板本体10的一侧设有反射层40，该反射层40用于防止光从漫反射层30透射而出。本实施例中，导光板可以由PMMA（Poly methyl Methacrylate，聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯）或者MS（Methyl Methacrylate-styrene copolymer，甲基丙烯酸甲酯-苯乙烯共聚物）所制成；反射层40的原材料可以为PET（Poly ethylene Terephthalate，聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯）。
本实施例所提供的导光板在导光板本体10的出光面11上设有扩散层20，在底面12上设有漫反射层30，在漫反射层30的背离导光板本体10的一侧还设有反射层40，其中，扩散层20能扩散从出光面11的出射的光，即扩散层20能起到传统背光模组的光学基本架构中的扩散片的作用，漫反射层30能使光从底面12均匀的漫反射至出光面11，反射层40能防止光从漫反射层30透射而出，即漫反射层30和反射层40的组合能起到传统背光模组的光学基本架构中的反射片的作用，即本实施例所提供的导光板集成了传统背光模组中反射片、导光板和扩散片的功能，故使用本实施例所提供的导光板的背光模组可省去反射片和扩散片，从而简化了背光模组的组装工艺，避免了组装过程中导光板与反射片和/或扩散片产生摩擦所导致外观不良及光效降低，还避免了因反射片在组装后产生的波浪形态的外观不良及光效降低。
在本实施例中，导光板在出光面11设有凸起23，该凸起23满布出光面11而形成扩散层20。具体的，该凸起23为颗粒状，该凸起23包括第一凸起21和第二凸起22，其中，第一凸起21的大小与第二凸起22的大小不同，及/或，第一凸起21的高度与第二凸起22的高度不同。本实施例中，第一凸起21的高度低于第二凸起22的高度；在组装背光模组的过程中，导光板可能会与增光片或者其他与导光板接触的物品产生摩擦，扩散层20的凸起23具有两种不同的高度，可增强导光板的扩散层20的抗磨损能力，从而保证出光面11光能的均匀性。
需要强调的是，在本实施例中凸起23包括大小和/或高度不同的第一凸起21和第二凸起22，但这里并非要限定凸起23的种类范围；在本发明的其他实施例中，凸起23的种类还可以是一种或者三种以上。
在本实施例中，导光板的漫反射层30为网点层，网点31为凹点；进一步地，导光板本体10还具有邻接于底面12和出光面11的入光侧13，漫反射层30的网点31的密度自靠近入光侧13的一端向远离入光侧13的一端逐渐增大。此处，网点31的密度是指网点31的面积与底面12的面积之比。本实施例中，导光板在使用于背光模组中时，背光模组的光源所发出的光从入光侧13进入导光板，由于靠近入光侧13一端的光线与远离入光侧13一端的光线相比，光线强度逐渐减弱，所以为了保证导光板出光面11整体光线的均匀性，网点31的密度自靠近入光侧13的一端向远离入光侧13的一端逐渐增大，以使在远离入光侧13的一端的光线能得到更好的漫反射。
在本实施例中，导光板的反射层40为热压贴合于漫反射层30上的薄膜层，通过热压贴合的方式一方面可确保反射层40与导光板本体10牢固的固定在一起，另一方面可避免反射薄膜与导光板本体10的底面12之间存在影响光线反射效果的缝隙。
本发明还提供一种背光模组。
在一实施例中，该背光模组包括前述实施例中的导光板。
本发明还提供一种导光板的制造方法。
参照图3，在一实施例中，该导光板的制作方法，包括步骤：
步骤S10，将第一原材料烘干、熔融，再热压成型一具有相对的底面和出光面的导光板本体。
在本实施例中，第一原材料可以为PMMA（Poly methyl Methacrylate，聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯）或者MS（Methyl Methacrylate-styrene copolymer，甲基丙烯酸甲酯-苯乙烯共聚物）。
步骤S20，在导光板本体的出光面热压形成扩散层；
在本实施例中，步骤S20具体包括：
步骤S201，在导光板本体的出光面进行第一次热压形成第一高度的颗粒状凸起；
步骤S202，在导光板本体的出光面进行第二次热压形成第二高度的颗粒状凸起；
其中，第一高度小于第二高度，第一高度的颗粒状凸起与第二高度的颗粒状凸起的位置错开。
本实施例中，通过滚筒热压工艺在导光板本体的出光面进行热压，从而使得导光板本体的出光面满布凸起而形成扩散层，该扩散层能扩散从出光面的出射的光，以使从出光面出射的光更加柔和均匀；具体的，该扩散层的凸起为颗粒状，导光板本体的出光面的颗粒状凸起具有两种不同的大小和高度，在热压滚筒的设计上，由于一滚筒通常只有一种大小和高度的粒子，因此需要使用具有不同大小和高度粒子的滚筒对导光板本体的出光面进行两次滚筒热压处理；其中，第一次热压处理得到高度较低的凸起，第二次热压处理得到高度较高的凸起，若调换两次热压处理的顺序，高度较低的凸起无法成型；本实施的扩散层的颗粒状凸起具有两种不同的高度，可增强导光板的扩散层的抗磨损能力，从而保证出光面光能的均匀性。
步骤S30，在导光板本体的底面热压形成漫反射层。
在本实施例中，该漫反射层为网点层，导光板本体还具有邻接于底面和出光面的入光侧，网点层网点的密度自靠近入光侧的一端向远离入光侧的一端逐渐增大。具体的，通过使用网点滚筒在导光板本体的底面进行热压，从而使得导光板本体的底面满布网点而形成漫反射层，该漫反射层能使光从底面均匀的漫反射至出光面；实际中，由于靠近入光侧一端的光线与远离入光侧一端的光线相比，光线强度逐渐减弱，所以为了保证导光板出光面整体光线的均匀性，网点的密度自靠近入光侧的一端向远离入光侧的一端逐渐增大，以使在远离入光侧的一端的光线能得到更好的漫反射。
在本实施例中，步骤S30可以与步骤S201或者步骤S202同时进行，以减少导光板的加工工时和减短导光板的加工设备的长度，从而提高制造导光板的效率。
步骤S40，在漫反射层的背离导光板本体的一侧成型反射层。
在本实施例中，该反射层具有较高的反射率，用于防止光从漫反射层透射而出，即该反射层的存在可以进一步加强导光板在底面处对光线的反射能力，从而减少光能的损失，提高使用该导光板的背光模组的整体光效。
本实施例制造所得的导光板在导光板本体的出光面上设有扩散层，在底面上设有漫反射层，在漫反射层的背离导光板本体的一侧还设有反射层，其中，扩散层能扩散从出光面的出射的光，即扩散层能起到传统背光模组的光学基本架构中的扩散片的作用，漫反射层能使光从底面均匀的漫反射至出光面，反射层能防止光从漫反射层透射而出，即漫反射层和反射层的组合能起到传统背光模组的光学基本架构中的反射片的作用，即本实施例制造所得的导光板集成了传统背光模组中反射片、导光板和扩散片的功能，故使用本实施例制造所得的导光板的背光模组可省去反射片和扩散片，从而简化了背光模组的组装工艺，避免了组装过程中导光板与反射片和/或扩散片产生摩擦所导致外观不良及光效降低，还避免了因反射片在组装后产生的波浪形态的外观不良及光效降低。
在本实施例中，步骤S40的具体步骤包括：
步骤S401，将第二原材料烘干、熔融，再拉伸成反射薄膜；
步骤S402，将该反射薄膜热压贴合于漫反射层上而形成反射层。
本实施例中，第二原材料可以为PET（Poly ethylene Terephthalate，聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯）；本实施例制造所得的导光板在底面上还热压贴合有薄膜型的反射层，通过热压贴合的方式可使得一方面反射薄膜能牢固的固定在导光板本体的底面上，另一方面能避免反射薄膜与导光板本体的底面之间存在影响光线反射效果的缝隙。
以上仅为本发明的优选实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种导光板，其特征在于，所述导光板包括导光板本体，所述导光板本体具有相对的底面和出光面，所述导光板在所述出光面上设有扩散层，该扩散层用于使光从所述导光板本体的出光面均匀透射而出，所述导光板在所述底面上设有漫反射层，该漫反射层用于使光从所述导光板本体的底面漫反射至所述出光面，所述导光板在所述漫反射层的背离所述导光板本体的一侧设有反射层，所述反射层用于防止光从所述漫反射层透射而出。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的导光板，其特征在于，所述导光板在所述出光面设有凸起，所述凸起满布所述出光面而形成所述扩散层。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的导光板，其特征在于，所述凸起为颗粒状，所述凸起包括第一凸起和第二凸起，所述第一凸起的大小与所述第二凸起的大小不同，及/或，所述第一凸起的高度与所述第二凸起的高度不同。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的导光板，其特征在于，所述导光板的漫反射层为网点层。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的导光板，其特征在于，所述导光板本体还具有邻接于所述底面和所述出光面的入光侧，所述漫反射层的网点的密度自靠近所述入光侧的一端向远离所述入光侧的一端逐渐增大。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的导光板，其特征在于，所述反射层为热压贴合于所述漫反射层上的薄膜层。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的导光板，其特征在于，所述导光板由PMMA或者MS所制成，所述反射层的原材料为PET。
  8. 一种导光板的制作方法，其特征在于，所述导光板的制作方法包括步骤：
    将第一原材料烘干、熔融，再热压成型一具有相对的底面和出光面的导光板本体；
    在所述导光板本体的出光面热压形成扩散层；
    在所述导光板本体的底面热压形成漫反射层；
    在所述漫反射层的背离所述导光板本体的一侧成型反射层。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的导光板的制作方法，其特征在于，所述第一材料为PMMA或者MS。
  10. 如权利要求8所述的导光板的制作方法，其特征在于，所述在导光板本体的出光面热压形成扩散层的具体步骤包括：
    在所述导光板本体的出光面进行第一次热压形成第一高度的颗粒状凸起；
    在所述导光板本体的出光面进行第二次热压形成第二高度的颗粒状凸起；
    其中，所述第一高度小于所述第二高度，所述第一高度的颗粒状凸起与所述第二高度的颗粒状凸起的位置错开。
  11. 如权利要求8所述的导光板的制作方法，其特征在于，所述漫反射层为网点层，所述导光板本体还具有邻接于所述底面和所述出光面的入光侧，所述网点的密度自靠近所述入光侧的一端向远离所述入光侧的一端逐渐增大。
  12. 如权利要求8所述的导光板的制作方法，其特征在于，所述在所述漫反射层的背离所述导光板本体的一侧成型反射层的具体步骤包括：
    将第二原材料烘干、熔融，再拉伸成反射薄膜；
    将所述反射薄膜热压贴合于所述漫反射层上而形成反射层。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的导光板的制作方法，其特征在于，所述第二原材料为PET。
  14. 一种背光模组，其特征在于，所述背光模组包括导光板，所述导光板包括导光板本体，所述导光板本体具有相对的底面和出光面，所述导光板在所述出光面上设有扩散层，该扩散层用于使光从所述导光板本体的出光面均匀透射而出，所述导光板在所述底面上设有漫反射层，该漫反射层用于使光从所述导光板本体的底面漫反射至所述出光面，所述导光板在所述漫反射层的背离所述导光板本体的一侧设有反射层，所述反射层用于防止光从所述漫反射层透射而出。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的背光模组，其特征在于，所述导光板在所述出光面设有凸起，所述凸起满布所述出光面而形成所述扩散层。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的背光模组，其特征在于，所述凸起为颗粒状，所述凸起包括第一凸起和第二凸起，所述第一凸起的大小与所述第二凸起的大小不同，及/或，所述第一凸起的高度与所述第二凸起的高度不同。
  17. 如权利要求14所述的背光模组，其特征在于，所述导光板的漫反射层为网点层。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的背光模组，其特征在于，所述导光板本体还具有邻接于所述底面和所述出光面的入光侧，所述漫反射层的网点的密度自靠近所述入光侧的一端向远离所述入光侧的一端逐渐增大。
  19. 如权利要求14所述的背光模组，其特征在于，所述反射层为热压贴合于所述漫反射层上的薄膜层。
  20. 如权利要求14所述的背光模组，其特征在于，所述导光板由PMMA或者MS所制成，所述反射层的原材料为PET。
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