WO2016030869A1 - Répartiteur général sans fil multi-paramétrique pouvant être porté pour une surveillance de niveau d'hydratation - Google Patents

Répartiteur général sans fil multi-paramétrique pouvant être porté pour une surveillance de niveau d'hydratation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016030869A1
WO2016030869A1 PCT/IB2015/056603 IB2015056603W WO2016030869A1 WO 2016030869 A1 WO2016030869 A1 WO 2016030869A1 IB 2015056603 W IB2015056603 W IB 2015056603W WO 2016030869 A1 WO2016030869 A1 WO 2016030869A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
impedance
bio
measurement
electrodes
skin
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Application number
PCT/IB2015/056603
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English (en)
Inventor
Mihai Adrian Ionescu
Hoël GUERIN
Original Assignee
Ecole Polytechnique Federale De Lausanne (Epfl)
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Publication date
Application filed by Ecole Polytechnique Federale De Lausanne (Epfl) filed Critical Ecole Polytechnique Federale De Lausanne (Epfl)
Publication of WO2016030869A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016030869A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves 
    • A61B5/053—Measuring electrical impedance or conductance of a portion of the body
    • A61B5/0531—Measuring skin impedance
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves 
    • A61B5/053—Measuring electrical impedance or conductance of a portion of the body
    • A61B5/0537—Measuring body composition by impedance, e.g. tissue hydration or fat content
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
    • A61B5/14507—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue specially adapted for measuring characteristics of body fluids other than blood
    • A61B5/14517—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue specially adapted for measuring characteristics of body fluids other than blood for sweat
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/42—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the gastrointestinal, the endocrine or the exocrine systems
    • A61B5/4261—Evaluating exocrine secretion production
    • A61B5/4266—Evaluating exocrine secretion production sweat secretion
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2560/00—Constructional details of operational features of apparatus; Accessories for medical measuring apparatus
    • A61B2560/02—Operational features
    • A61B2560/0242—Operational features adapted to measure environmental factors, e.g. temperature, pollution
    • A61B2560/0247—Operational features adapted to measure environmental factors, e.g. temperature, pollution for compensation or correction of the measured physiological value
    • A61B2560/0252—Operational features adapted to measure environmental factors, e.g. temperature, pollution for compensation or correction of the measured physiological value using ambient temperature
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0002—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/01—Measuring temperature of body parts ; Diagnostic temperature sensing, e.g. for malignant or inflamed tissue
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
    • A61B5/683—Means for maintaining contact with the body
    • A61B5/6832—Means for maintaining contact with the body using adhesives
    • A61B5/6833—Adhesive patches

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wearable system enabling monitoring of the hydration status of a living being. It more precisely relates to the topical monitoring of physiological parameters reflecting the hydration status.
  • Dehydration hyperhydration
  • hypohydration is a condition that occurs when the loss of body fluids, mostly water, exceeds the amount of the water intake. Therefore, more water is moving out of the cells and body than what an individual takes in through drinking. With dehydration, the excessive loss of body water could result in more severe effect such as disruption of metabolic processes.
  • dehydration can refer to the following two conditions:
  • hypernatremia defined by an elevated sodium level in the blood (loss/deficit of free water and the attendant "excess” concentration of salt). This is related to a disruption of the body's electrolyte- water balance (osmolarity).
  • hypovolemia which is a state of decreased blood volume; more specifically, decrease in volume of blood plasma (loss of blood volume, particularly plasma).
  • the volume loss can be isotonic and preserve the electrolyte-water balance or not (for instance hypotonic state: salt depletion).
  • Hypovolemia is reported to be the most common dehydration form. Hypernatremia and hypovolemia can co-exist or occur independently; therefore it is important that the measurement principle of the hydration can cover both of them.
  • the method used for hydration estimation should be able to quantify the body water loss with an order of magnitude of a few percents (%) variations that reflect different levels of dehydration and different symptoms (see Table below).
  • Body mass is often used to assess the rapid changes of hydration in both laboratory and field environments.
  • the level of dehydration is expressed as a percentage of starting body mass.
  • body mass may be a sufficiently stable physiological marker for monitoring daily fluid balance, even over longer periods (1-2 weeks).
  • changes in body composition fat and lean mass
  • This technique is not 100% robust and cannot be used for a real-time assessment of dehydration.
  • Experts acknowledge the difficultly in attempting to assess this true hydration and promote the use of a number of the more established methods to ensure the best representation of hydration status.
  • An objective of the invention is to fulfill the need and demand mentioned in the previous section.
  • a wearable system for the topical monitoring of at least one physiological parameter reflecting the hydration status such as skin conductivity, ion concentration in sweat or red blood cell characteristics
  • said system comprising a flexible substrate adapted to be directly or indirectly fixed to the skin and comprising plurality of conductive electrodes designed to be in contact with the body, said electrodes being set in an at least four-terminal sensing configuration to detect voltages and/or currents, and determine the bio-impedance of tissue at one or more precisely defined tissue sites.
  • the invention also relates to a method for using the above-cited system.
  • the system is used with a flexible substrate, temperature co-monitoring and wireless communication of the data, which advantageously provide an almost-continuous measurement of the bio-impedance and temperature, which is necessary for real-time detection of dehydration.
  • An essential aspect of the invention is the evaluation of the body tissue impedance at various frequencies based on a four-probe impedance measurement removing the parasitic effect of the electrode-to-tissue contact resistance and by co-monitoring the environmental, skin and/or core body temperature.
  • the proposed impedance measurement is particularly valuable as it can reflect both hypernatremia and hypovolemia conditions, generated by variable sodium level (ionic concentration) and volume loss, respectively.
  • the method according to the present invention is much more accurate than any existing skin DC resistance measurements and can be flexibly adapted for both transdermal and subcutaneous electrode measurements.
  • the present invention offers in particular the following advantages:
  • the systems is able to perform a multi-parameter measurement based on robust measurement principle.
  • the cross analysis of multiple parameters enables to characterize and extract dehydration level related to both hypernatremia and hypovolemia.
  • the system is non or minimally invasive, for instance with an embodiment being a flexible and bio-compatible electronic stamp with an area of the order of a few cm 2 .
  • the system is quasi-disposable, a few days to a week
  • the system is quasi-autonomous from the energy point of view, it has low power consumption and an energy source integrated.
  • the system can wirelessly communicate with a personal portable hub serving as display interface.
  • the proposed system-in-patch (or electronic stamp) is used to non-invasively evaluate in real time the hydration level of a person by a low power multi-parameter extraction from bio-impedance measurements following well defined novel procedure and can be extended for other applications exploiting skin and sweat bio-impedance measurements.
  • the data measured by the system may be advantageously wirelessly collected by a smart hub (smart phone, smart watch or any other personal mobile device) that can perform more complex signal processing and serve as interactive display interface with an end-user.
  • a smart hub smart phone, smart watch or any other personal mobile device
  • the systems is able to perform a multi-parameter bio-impedance measurement based on robust measurement principle.
  • the cross analysis of multiple parameters enables to characterize and extract dehydration level related to both hypernatremia and hypovolemia.
  • the system-in-a-patch embodiment permits low power consumption, autonomy and wireless connectivity. Detailed description of the invention
  • FIG. 1 (a) shows the principle of a conventional 4-probe measurement for resistivity measurement of a substrate.
  • FIG. 1 (b) represents a system according to the invention in accordance with a single-site bio- impedance measurement, multi-parameter extraction and wireless communication to a smart hub (e.g. a mobile device).
  • a smart hub e.g. a mobile device
  • FIG. 2 is a local partial cross-sectional view of a sensor of the system of FIG. 1
  • FIG. 1 In the principle shown on FIG. 1 (a) four metal electrodes are patterned on a substrate: between two external electrodes a DC current source is applied while the voltage drop is recorded between the middle (inner) electrodes, with the goal of removing the influence of the contact resistances and extracting the resistivity of a semiconductor substrate (typically).
  • the method is exploiting a circular design of the electrodes and an impedance measurement by an AC signal, which permits to extract skin impedance by removing the effect of the series resistances.
  • the metal thin layer electrodes 1 are designed in a concentric manner and placed on the bottom face of a flexible substrate, in contact with the skin.
  • the control and measurement circuit 2 includes the current source, the voltage measurement unit as well as a control measurement unit and the readout for the temperature sensor, the signals processed in this unit that is an integrated circuit placed on the top of the flexible substrate and connected by vertical metallic vias (processed through the insulating flexible substrate) to the electrodes 1 are supplied to the radio circuit.
  • the temperature sensor 3 is included on the same flexible substrate 6 with double role: monitoring of the core body and/or skin temperature and temperature correction of the impedance measurements.
  • the radio circuit 4, placed on the top surface of the flexible surface 6, is used to wirelessly communicate the sensor data to a smart hub.
  • the printed antenna 5 allows a radio link.
  • a local energy source 7 may consist of a thin-film rechargeable battery, a solar cell or a thermo-electric energy harvester with appropriate power management circuitry integrated on the flexible substrate, and, external to our smart patch embodiment.
  • the smart hub 8 may be a mobile smart phone, a smart watch or a similar hand-held device with communication and local processing capability.
  • FIG. 2 is a local partial cross-sectional view of a sensor of the system of FIG. 1, which represents only the part concerning the time- or frequency- variable bio-impedance, Z(t), measurement, free of parasitic contact resistances between the skin and electrodes.
  • the inset depicts two possible embodiments of the electrodes of important relevance for this invention: (i) a transdermal electrode embodiment, corresponding to non-invasive metal electrodes capable of measuring the impedance by a surface metal-skin contact, and, (ii) a subcutaneous embodiment, corresponding to semi-invasive 3D-patterned conductive electrodes, capable of superficially penetrating the skin in order to improve the metal-skin contact and, also, access the deeper skin layers (of the order of millimeters) for improved impedance measurement (less contact variability) and access to deeper tissue levels.
  • the system performs a smart bio-impedance measurement based on robust four-point measurement principle at different signal frequencies, Z(f), from which multiple parameters able to characterize both hypernatremia and hypovolemia, therefore levels of any type of body (de)hydration, can be extracted.
  • the current applied between the outer electrodes has both DC and AC components, which allows extracting all the information concerning the impedance equivalent circuit (resistive and reactive components).
  • our four-electrode circular design and method permits to remove the effect of the contact resistances (due to imperfect contacts and variability in skin surface, typical to all electronic patches.
  • the circular design allows to collect all the current flow lines by the outer contact (no fringing effects), which results in a precise estimation of the form factor of the equivalent impedance (equivalent width versus length).
  • Such a system can be directly applied on the skin of a person and/or inside any type of garment. Its embodiment can be based on any type of insulating thin flexible substrates on which thin metal electrodes can be processed.
  • the system-in-patch principle can be both implemented in fully non-invasive or minimally invasive embodiments and includes temperature sensing for accurate calibration and decorrelation from any external temperature influences, on the same substrate.
  • the system is quasi-disposable, and can be operated for a few days to few weeks because the sensing principle require low power consumption and the embodiment on the flexible substrate includes flexible batteries and other energy harvesting devices (such as solar cells, thermoelectric, etc.) and a local power management circuit.
  • the embodiment on the flexible substrate includes flexible batteries and other energy harvesting devices (such as solar cells, thermoelectric, etc.) and a local power management circuit.
  • a device on patch harvests energy from the environment, therefore the system-in-patch is autonomous from the energy point of view, having both low power consumption and an integrated energy source.
  • the system-in-patch is designed to wirelessly communicate with a personal portable hub serving as display interface and offers full information for hydration but also for some biological parameters characterizing body fluids and skin features. It can therefore be used for other classes of applications in health, sport and fitness exploiting these parameters.
  • the system comprises a flexible substrate (e.g. liquid crystal polymers, paper, polyimide, PEN, PET, PU, Silicone, Teflon, etc.) and protective insulating material, a plurality of electrodes to sense signals in a way adapted to contact human body (skin), electronics and radio to locally condition and transmit signals to a nearby mobile hub, an energy source to power the sensing device and a dual temperature sensor for sensing both the core-body temperature and the environment temperature.
  • a flexible substrate e.g. liquid crystal polymers, paper, polyimide, PEN, PET, PU, Silicone, Teflon, etc.
  • protective insulating material e.g. liquid crystal polymers, paper, polyimide, PEN, PET, PU, Silicone, Teflon, etc.
  • protective insulating material e.g. liquid crystal polymers, paper, polyimide, PEN, PET, PU, Silicone, Teflon, etc.
  • a plurality of electrodes to sense signals in
  • the system includes a patch with a plurality of conductive electrodes, to make contact with the body, are set in a four-terminal sensing configuration to detect currents and/or voltages and determine the bio-impedance of tissue at one tissue site (in the described embodiment) but extendable to multiple body sites.
  • the four terminal sensing configuration eliminates the impedance contribution of the wiring and contact resistances of the electrodes with the body.
  • the electrodes, as well as a temperature sensor in contact with the body, are connected to electronics and a radio that in turn condition and transmit wirelessly the signals to a data acquisition module of a nearby mobile device.
  • This mobile device is equipped with an adequate processing unit to treat the signals, extract physiological parameters such as the water fraction of the tissue, the cardiac output, the red blood cell content and determine the hydration level. 3 ' 4
  • a fully non-invasive embodiment with electrodes presenting a flat surface for transdermal measurement of the bio-impedance.
  • a semi-invasive embodiment with electrodes surface being patterned with three- dimensional (3D) microelectrode array, enabling the superficial penetration of the skin for subcutaneous measurement of the bio-impedance.
  • This embodiment has the advantage of providing well-conditioned local impedance measurement conditions and higher accuracy of the data for hydration estimation.
  • An integrated current source generates a low amplitude current i(t) which is composed a DC component and an AC component with a plurality of possible frequencies.
  • the current runs through the tissue between the outer electrodes and generates a voltage v(t) between the inner electrodes.
  • the ratio v(t)/i(t) represents the complex bio-impedance Z(t) of the tissue between these two electrodes.
  • Performing the measurement at least at two different frequencies: a low and a high frequency provides information related to the extracellular bio-impedance of the tissue and the whole (intra and extracelluUar) bio-impedance of the tissue respectively.
  • a more accurate analysis could be based on multiple-frequency measurements and an optimal combination of the results followed by appropriate signal processing.
  • the bio-impedance Z(t) can be divided in two components Zl(t) and Z2(t).
  • Zl(t) contains the impedances of the tissue which can be considered as constant during the acquisition time of a single measurement point.
  • Zl(t) varies slowly with time as a function of the tissue fluid content.
  • Z2(t) contains a pulsatile time-varying impedance correlated with the fluid volume variation within the tissue represented by the blood flow.
  • Each of these impedances is complex and provides two parameters: resistance and reactance, which are measured at two or more frequencies to decorrelate intra and extra cellular information. Adequate processing analysis of the waveforms of these signals enables to determine the water fraction of the tissue, the cardiac output and the red blood cell content.
  • the water fraction is to be extracted from the signals corresponding to Zl(t) whereas the cardiac output is to be determined from the signals corresponding to Z2(t) with adequate calculations including Zl as a local constant.
  • the decorr elation of intra and extracellular contributions using multiple measurement frequencies and the adequate analysis and processing of the real and imaginary part of the bio-impedance at all measured frequencies will enable accurate determination of the previously mentioned parameters as well as the red blood cell content.
  • the temperature sensor is a dual temperature sensor, allows taking into account and correcting the thermal drift and/or other calibrations needed, exploiting the body core temperature and the environment temperature.
  • the invention may be used in different fields; the following examples being of particular interest:
  • First responder e. firefighters:
  • Glucose is the gas of the body and glycogen is made of three molecules of water. Thus, without water, an athlete will not be able to use its reserves of glucose. It is estimated that a water loss of 1% to 2% leads to a drop in performance of 10%.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système pouvant être porté, qui est basé sur une mesure d'impédance à quatre sondes in-situ à différentes fréquences de signal pour la surveillance topique d'au moins un paramètre physiologique reflétant l'état d'hydratation, tel que la conductivité de peau, une concentration ionique dans la sueur ou des caractéristiques de globules rouges. Ledit système comprend un substrat souple conçu pour être fixé directement ou indirectement à la peau et une pluralité d'électrodes conductrices conçues pour être en contact avec le corps et permettre des mesures à quatre sondes de la bio-impédance de tissu et/ou la peau à un ou plusieurs sites de tissu. Un mode de réalisation comprend au moins un capteur de température servant à la fois à l'étalonnage des mesures d'impédance et à l'estimation de l'effet de température sur l'état d'hydratation, permettant le réglage précis de l'évaluation d'état d'hydratation.
PCT/IB2015/056603 2014-08-29 2015-08-31 Répartiteur général sans fil multi-paramétrique pouvant être porté pour une surveillance de niveau d'hydratation WO2016030869A1 (fr)

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IB2014064149 2014-08-29

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WO2018052559A1 (fr) * 2016-09-15 2018-03-22 Intel Corporation Appareil et procédé de détection de composition corporelle et de corrélation de celle-ci avec une efficacité cognitive
JP2018159581A (ja) * 2017-03-22 2018-10-11 Tdk株式会社 状態検出装置
CN110727344A (zh) * 2019-09-18 2020-01-24 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 虚拟现实系统、交互控制方法
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WO2020227665A1 (fr) * 2019-05-08 2020-11-12 The Texas A&M University System Systèmes et procédés de surveillance d'un ou plusieurs paramètres physiologiques à l'aide d'une bio-impédance
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US11719668B2 (en) 2018-03-06 2023-08-08 Xsensio SA Functionalized field-effect transistor comprising a molecularly imprinted polymer or a probe material for sensing biomarkers

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Cited By (15)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018052559A1 (fr) * 2016-09-15 2018-03-22 Intel Corporation Appareil et procédé de détection de composition corporelle et de corrélation de celle-ci avec une efficacité cognitive
JP2018159581A (ja) * 2017-03-22 2018-10-11 Tdk株式会社 状態検出装置
US11579116B2 (en) 2017-06-11 2023-02-14 Peter Seitz Chip-based multi-channel electrochemical transducer and method of use thereof
US11331009B2 (en) 2017-10-16 2022-05-17 Xsensio SA Apparatus for non-invasive sensing of biomarkers in human sweat
US11719668B2 (en) 2018-03-06 2023-08-08 Xsensio SA Functionalized field-effect transistor comprising a molecularly imprinted polymer or a probe material for sensing biomarkers
US11712181B2 (en) 2018-03-06 2023-08-01 Xsensio SA System for collection and analysis of biofluid from skin and method of using the same
WO2020102439A1 (fr) * 2018-11-13 2020-05-22 Nix, Inc. Systèmes portables, dispositifs et procédés de mesure et d'analyse de fluides corporels
WO2020227665A1 (fr) * 2019-05-08 2020-11-12 The Texas A&M University System Systèmes et procédés de surveillance d'un ou plusieurs paramètres physiologiques à l'aide d'une bio-impédance
CN110727344B (zh) * 2019-09-18 2022-05-17 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 虚拟现实系统、交互控制方法
CN110727344A (zh) * 2019-09-18 2020-01-24 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 虚拟现实系统、交互控制方法
WO2021194987A1 (fr) * 2020-03-23 2021-09-30 Nix, Inc. Systèmes et dispositifs portables, et procédés de mesure et d'analyse de fluides corporels
US11123011B1 (en) 2020-03-23 2021-09-21 Nix, Inc. Wearable systems, devices, and methods for measurement and analysis of body fluids
WO2022069550A1 (fr) 2020-09-30 2022-04-07 Mode Sensors As Dispositif de mesure de liquide tissulaire
CN112315445A (zh) * 2020-11-11 2021-02-05 深圳市因特迈科技有限公司 穿戴式汗液监测装置
IT202100021185A1 (it) 2021-08-04 2023-02-04 Aisan Srl Sistema per la misura della bioimpedenza in modalità wireless

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