WO2016023144A1 - 功率放大器、射频拉远单元及基站 - Google Patents

功率放大器、射频拉远单元及基站 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016023144A1
WO2016023144A1 PCT/CN2014/084069 CN2014084069W WO2016023144A1 WO 2016023144 A1 WO2016023144 A1 WO 2016023144A1 CN 2014084069 W CN2014084069 W CN 2014084069W WO 2016023144 A1 WO2016023144 A1 WO 2016023144A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power amplifier
envelope
voltage
main power
signal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/084069
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张立鹏
蔡中华
李珽
王开展
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to CA2956847A priority Critical patent/CA2956847C/en
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to ES14899825T priority patent/ES2710661T3/es
Priority to CN201480031944.3A priority patent/CN105518991B/zh
Priority to JP2017507733A priority patent/JP6501322B2/ja
Priority to AU2014403732A priority patent/AU2014403732B2/en
Priority to EP14899825.5A priority patent/EP3163746B1/en
Priority to EP18190168.7A priority patent/EP3490141B1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2014/084069 priority patent/WO2016023144A1/zh
Priority to KR1020177004562A priority patent/KR101936664B1/ko
Publication of WO2016023144A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016023144A1/zh
Priority to US15/429,660 priority patent/US9929695B2/en
Priority to US15/888,507 priority patent/US10230333B2/en
Priority to US16/284,489 priority patent/US10673384B2/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F1/02—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation
    • H03F1/0205—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers
    • H03F1/0211—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers with control of the supply voltage or current
    • H03F1/0216—Continuous control
    • H03F1/0222—Continuous control by using a signal derived from the input signal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F1/02—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F1/02—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation
    • H03F1/0205—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers
    • H03F1/0211—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers with control of the supply voltage or current
    • H03F1/0216—Continuous control
    • H03F1/0222—Continuous control by using a signal derived from the input signal
    • H03F1/0227—Continuous control by using a signal derived from the input signal using supply converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F1/02—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation
    • H03F1/0205—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers
    • H03F1/0288—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers using a main and one or several auxiliary peaking amplifiers whereby the load is connected to the main amplifier using an impedance inverter, e.g. Doherty amplifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F1/56—Modifications of input or output impedances, not otherwise provided for
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F3/189—High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers
    • H03F3/19—High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
    • H03F3/195—High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers with semiconductor devices only in integrated circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F3/20—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
    • H03F3/21—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
    • H03F3/211—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only using a combination of several amplifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F3/20—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
    • H03F3/24—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers of transmitter output stages
    • H03F3/245—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers of transmitter output stages with semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/06—Receivers
    • H04B1/16—Circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
    • H03F2200/198—A hybrid coupler being used as coupling circuit between stages of an amplifier circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
    • H03F2200/451—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers the amplifier being a radio frequency amplifier
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements covered by H03F3/00
    • H03F2203/20—Indexing scheme relating to power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
    • H03F2203/21—Indexing scheme relating to power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
    • H03F2203/211—Indexing scheme relating to power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only using a combination of several amplifiers
    • H03F2203/21106—An input signal being distributed in parallel over the inputs of a plurality of power amplifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements covered by H03F3/00
    • H03F2203/20—Indexing scheme relating to power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
    • H03F2203/21—Indexing scheme relating to power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
    • H03F2203/211—Indexing scheme relating to power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only using a combination of several amplifiers
    • H03F2203/21139—An impedance adaptation circuit being added at the output of a power amplifier stage

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a power amplifier, a radio remote unit, and a base station. Background technique
  • a power amplifier (PA, power amplifier) is an important component of a wireless base station.
  • the efficiency of the power amplifier determines the power consumption, size, and thermal design of the base station.
  • the peak-to-average ratio signal has higher requirements for the power amplifier in the base station.
  • one of the commonly used methods is to use the power back-off method, that is, let the power amplifier work in class A or AB.
  • the class state away from the saturation region, enters the linear working area, which improves the linearity of the power amplifier.
  • the disadvantage of this method is that it will cause a large drop in power amplifier efficiency. At the same output power, the power consumption of the base station will be greatly increased.
  • the prior art proposes to combine an envelope tracking (ET) envelope with a Doherty amplifier to utilize the back-off efficiency of the Doherty amplifier.
  • the peak efficiency is higher than the power amplifier efficiency of the signal.
  • the main power amplifier of the Doherty amplifier is connected to the envelope modulator, and the main power amplifier is envelope-tracked by the envelope modulator, and the auxiliary power amplifier is powered by a fixed voltage.
  • the amplifier is working, it is easy to make a successful loss of efficiency, and the efficiency is limited.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a power amplifier including an envelope modulator, a main power amplifier, and an auxiliary power amplifier, where
  • the envelope modulator is respectively connected to a drain of the main power amplifier and a drain of the auxiliary power amplifier, and is configured to obtain an envelope voltage according to the received envelope signal, respectively, to the main power amplifier and The drain of the auxiliary power amplifier outputs the envelope voltage;
  • the main power amplifier is connected to the envelope modulator for operating, in an operating state, the envelope voltage received from the envelope modulator as an operating voltage, for the main power amplifier
  • the signal input from the source is amplified
  • the auxiliary power amplifier is connected in parallel with the main power amplifier and is connected to the envelope modulator for operating the envelope voltage received from the envelope modulator as an operating voltage And amplifying the signal input from the source of the auxiliary power amplifier.
  • the envelope modulator is further connected to a gate of the main power amplifier and a gate of the auxiliary power amplifier, respectively; the envelope modulator is further used The envelope voltage is output to the gate of the main power amplifier and the gate of the auxiliary power amplifier, respectively.
  • the envelope voltage is a changing voltage, when the envelope signal reaches a maximum value allowed by the power amplifier, The envelope voltage has a corresponding maximum value; or, the envelope voltage is a fixed voltage.
  • the power amplifier further includes an upconverter; the upconverter is respectively connected to a source of the main power amplifier, and The source of the auxiliary power amplifier is connected to convert the radio frequency signal to the same operating frequency range as the main power amplifier and the auxiliary power amplifier, and output to the main power amplifier and the auxiliary power amplifier, respectively.
  • the fourth possible implementation in the first aspect wherein the power amplifier further includes an impedance transformation network connected to an output of the main power amplifier and an output of the auxiliary power amplifier, respectively, for providing a difference between the main power amplifier and the auxiliary power amplifier .
  • the power amplifier further includes a power splitter, respectively, and a source of the main power amplifier and the auxiliary power amplifier.
  • the source is connected to output the RF signal into two signals to the main power amplifier and the auxiliary power amplifier, respectively.
  • the envelope signal is obtained by processing an original envelope signal of the radio frequency signal by a predetermined function.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a power amplifier including: a first envelope modulator and a second envelope modulator, a main power amplifier, and an auxiliary power amplifier,
  • the first envelope modulator is connected to the drain of the main power amplifier for obtaining a corresponding first envelope voltage according to the received first envelope signal, and outputting the drain to the drain of the main power amplifier Describe the first envelope voltage;
  • the second envelope modulator is connected to the drain of the at least one power amplifier for obtaining a corresponding second envelope voltage according to the received second envelope signal, and outputting to the drain of the auxiliary power amplifier The second envelope voltage;
  • the main power amplifier is connected to the first envelope controller, and is configured to, in an operating state, the first envelope voltage received from the first envelope modulator as an operating voltage, The signal input from the source of the main power amplifier is amplified;
  • the auxiliary power amplifier is coupled in parallel with the main power amplifier and coupled to the second envelope modulator for use in the operating state to receive the second from the second envelope modulator
  • An envelope voltage is used as an operating voltage, and a signal input to a source of the auxiliary power amplifier is amplified;
  • the proportional relationship between the first envelope voltage and the second envelope voltage corresponds to the main The output power ratio of the power amplifier to the auxiliary power amplifier.
  • the first envelope modulator is connected to a gate of the main power amplifier, and the first envelope modulator is further configured to: a gate of the amplifier outputs the first envelope voltage; the second envelope modulator is coupled to a gate of the power amplifier, and the second envelope modulator is further configured to be coupled to the auxiliary power amplifier The gate outputs the second envelope voltage.
  • the power amplifier further includes an upconverter; the upconverter and the source of the main power amplifier respectively
  • the source of the auxiliary power amplifier is connected to convert the radio frequency signal to the same operating frequency range as the main power amplifier and the auxiliary power amplifier, and output to the main power amplifier and the auxiliary power amplifier, respectively.
  • the power amplifier further includes an impedance conversion network, and an output end of the main power amplifier and the auxiliary power amplifier respectively The outputs are connected to provide a phase difference between the main power amplifier and the auxiliary power amplifier.
  • the power amplifier further includes a power splitter, respectively, and a source of the main power amplifier and the auxiliary power amplifier.
  • the source is connected to output the RF signal into two signals to the main power amplifier and the auxiliary power amplifier, respectively.
  • the first envelope signal and the second envelope signal are the same as the original envelope signal of the radio frequency signal. Or different functions are processed.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a radio remote unit, including the power amplifier provided by the first aspect or the second aspect of the invention.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a base station, including the radio remote unit provided by the third aspect.
  • the envelope modulator of the power amplifier processes the envelope signal of the adjusted RF signal into an envelope voltage, and both the main power amplifier and the auxiliary power amplifier use an envelope of the envelope modulator output.
  • the voltage is used as the operating voltage. Since the operating voltages of the main power amplifier and the auxiliary power amplifier can be simultaneously adjusted, the symmetry of the power amplifier is improved, and the loss of efficiency is less likely to occur.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a power amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a power amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a power amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of still another power amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another power amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a radio remote unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • 2G Global System for Mobile
  • WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
  • TD-SCDMA time division-synchronization code division multiple access
  • 3G ffi letter system
  • LTE long-term evolution
  • Next-generation communication systems such as its subsequent evolution system.
  • the power amplifier provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be integrated into any network element device that needs to perform wireless signal power amplification, such as a base station.
  • the power amplifier provided by the embodiment of the present invention may work in the radio frequency part of the base station, for example, may be disposed in a radio remote unit (RRU) of the base station.
  • the base station may be a base transceiver station (BTS) in a GSM system or a CDMA system, or a Node B in a WCDMA system, or an evolved Node B in an LTE system (e-NodeB, evolved) NodeB) or a similar device in a LTE subsequently evolved communication system.
  • BTS base transceiver station
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the power amplifier provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: an envelope modulator 101, a main power amplifier 102, and an auxiliary power amplifier 103.
  • An envelope modulator 101 is respectively connected to a drain (D terminal) of the main power amplifier 102 and a drain of the power amplifier 103 for obtaining a corresponding envelope voltage according to an envelope signal, and the envelope voltage is They are output to the main power amplifier 102 and the auxiliary power amplifier 103, respectively.
  • the envelope signal is a signal that can be used to track the operating voltage of the main power amplifier 102, that is, when the amplitude of the envelope signal is greater than a certain threshold, the envelope modulator 101 can generate an envelope that can follow.
  • the envelope voltage of the signal size change instead of the fixed voltage, respectively supplies power to the main power amplifier and the auxiliary power amplifier, the operating voltage of the power amplifier follows the envelope signal change, so that the main power amplifier can always be in a near saturation state.
  • the envelope signal may be obtained by processing a raw envelope signal of a radio frequency signal awaiting signal amplification, wherein a function of converting the original envelope signal into an envelope signal may be based on an amplitude of the output envelope signal and
  • the phase and the like are set in advance, and may be, for example, a linear function, a quadratic function, a cubic function, or the like, which is not particularly limited in the present invention.
  • the envelope signal may be generated by ⁇ or the like and input to the envelope modulator 101.
  • the envelope modulator 101 can determine the magnitude of the envelope voltage described above based on the modulator control signal.
  • the parameters of the modulator control signal such as the type, the phase, the amplitude, and the like, can be determined according to the performance of the amplifier and can be adjusted according to the operation of the amplifier.
  • the embodiment of the present invention does not particularly limit this, and the modulator control signal can adopt a digital signal.
  • the modulator control signal may be generated by the RRU or the like and input to the envelope modulator 101, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
  • the RF signal to be amplified can be obtained by converting the baseband data signal.
  • the baseband data signal may be processed by the intermediate frequency module of the RRU and the transceiver module, and then transmitted to the main power amplifier 102 and the auxiliary power amplifier 103 in the power amplifier provided by the embodiment of the present invention. .
  • the envelope modulator 101 can compare the amplitude of the envelope signal with a signal threshold, and when the amplitude of the envelope signal is less than the signal threshold, set the envelope voltage to a fixed voltage, where The value of the fixed voltage may be determined and adjusted according to the modulator control signal; when the amplitude of the envelope signal is greater than the signal threshold, the envelope voltage is set to a varying voltage, the varying voltage following the envelope signal The amplitude varies, wherein the envelope voltage also has a corresponding voltage maximum when the envelope signal reaches a maximum allowed by the power amplifier.
  • the above signal threshold can be determined according to the pre-required requirements within the operating voltage range allowed by the amplifier.
  • the embodiment of the present invention does not specifically limit the adjustment according to the operation of the system.
  • the main power amplifier 102 is connected to the envelope modulator 101 for operating, in the operating state, the envelope voltage received from the envelope modulator 101 as an operating voltage, and amplifying the signal input from the source (S terminal). deal with.
  • the auxiliary power amplifier 103 is connected in parallel with the main power amplifier 102 and is connected to the envelope modulator 101 for operating the envelope voltage received from the envelope modulator 101 as an operating voltage to the source input in an operating state.
  • the signal is amplified.
  • the signals input to the sources of the main power amplifier 102 and the auxiliary power amplifier 103 may be the same radio frequency signal, or may be signals that can be used to represent the same radio frequency signal after being superimposed.
  • the main power amplifier 102 and the auxiliary power amplifier 103 input the same fixed voltage as the operating voltage.
  • the power amplifier provided by the embodiment of the present invention is equivalent to a standard Doherty. In this mode of operation, the power amplifier can realize power amplification of the RF signal with a wide modulation signal bandwidth; when the envelope signal is greater than the preset threshold, the main power amplifier 102 and the auxiliary power amplifier 103 input the same following envelope.
  • the varying voltage of the signal amplitude is used as the operating voltage.
  • the power amplifier is a Doherty amplifier using envelope tracking, that is, working in the common state of envelope tracking and Doherty amplifier.
  • the power amplifier has a good amplification effect on the modulated signal of high power and high peak-to-average ratio.
  • the envelope modulator 101 is connected to the drains of the main power amplifier 102 and the auxiliary power amplifier 103, respectively, and the envelope voltages processed by the envelope modulator 101 are respectively from the drains of the main power amplifier 102 and the auxiliary power amplifier 103.
  • the input, as the drain operating voltage supplies power to the main power amplifier ⁇ 02 and the auxiliary power amplifier 103.
  • the envelope modulator 101 may also be connected to the gates (G terminals) of the main power amplifier 102 and the auxiliary power amplifier 103, respectively, to the main power.
  • the gates of the amplifier 102 and the auxiliary power amplifier 103 output an envelope voltage, and the envelope voltage is used as a gate voltage to perform auxiliary control on the operating states of the main power amplifier 102 and the auxiliary power amplifier 103, thereby further adjusting the power amplifier gain and boosting the power amplifier. performance.
  • the envelope modulator 101 may be a unit circuit and is composed of circuit components known in the prior art.
  • the specific circuit configuration of the envelope modulator is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the power amplifier may further include an upconverter 105 connected to the main power amplifier 102 and the auxiliary power amplifier 103, respectively, for converting the radio frequency signal to The same operating frequency range as the main power amplifier 102 and the auxiliary power amplifier 103.
  • the power amplifier may further include a power splitter 106 connected to the up-converter 105, the main power amplifier 102, and the auxiliary power amplifier 103, respectively, for dividing the radio frequency signal into two equal energy sources.
  • the signals that are not equal are output to the main power amplifier 102 and the auxiliary power amplifier 103, respectively, for signal amplification.
  • the power amplifier may include an envelope modulator 101, a main power amplifier 102, an auxiliary power amplifier 103, and a power splitter 106, and the power splitter 106 directly receives the radio frequency signal.
  • the RF signals are branched and output to the main power amplifier 102 and the auxiliary power amplifier 103, respectively.
  • the output of the main power amplifier 102 and the output of the auxiliary power amplifier 103 may be connected to the impedance conversion network 104, and the signal amplified radio frequency signal is processed by the impedance transformation network 104 to reach the power amplifier.
  • the impedance transformation network 104 is used to perform impedance matching between the main power amplifier 102 and the auxiliary power amplifier 103, that is, to provide a phase difference between the two.
  • the impedance transformation network can include microstrip impedance transformation, bridge impedance transformation, and others The embodiment of the present invention does not specifically limit this.
  • the power amplifier includes an envelope modulator 101, a main power amplifier 102, an auxiliary power amplifier 103, an upconverter 105, and a power splitter 106, wherein The upconverter 105 and power splitter 106 are optional devices.
  • the power amplifier may further include: three quarter-wavelength ( ⁇ /4) transmission lines 104', wherein one is disposed between the main power amplifier 102 and the source of the auxiliary power amplifier 103, that is, the signal input end, and one is disposed in the main The other between the power amplifier 102 and the signal output of the auxiliary power amplifier 103 is disposed at the combined output of the main power amplifier 102 and the auxiliary power amplifier 103.
  • the effect of the in/4 transmission line 104' is similar to that of the impedance transformation network 104, which provides a phase difference between the main power amplifier 102 and the auxiliary power amplifier 103.
  • the above various connection forms may be arbitrarily used, so that the configuration of the power amplifier provided by the present invention has flexibility and can be System performance requirements are selected.
  • main power amplifier 102 and auxiliary power amplifier 103 may include one or more transistors or other similar circuit devices.
  • main power amplifier 102 and the auxiliary power amplifier 103 can be implemented by any other known semiconductor technology in the prior art, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the power amplifier includes an envelope modulator 101, a main power amplifier 102, an auxiliary power amplifier 103, an impedance conversion network 104, and an upconverter 105.
  • the impedance transformation network 104 can be replaced by three ⁇ /4 transmission lines. For details, refer to the description of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3.
  • the power amplifier may also include two independent signal transmission lines corresponding to the main power amplifier 102 and the auxiliary power amplifier 103, respectively.
  • the radio frequency signal can be divided into the first radio frequency signal and the second radio frequency signal in advance, and output to the main power amplifier 102 and the auxiliary power amplifier 103 through two independent signal transmission lines, respectively, and then the signals are amplified and then combined.
  • an upconverter 105 which is called a first upconverter and a second upconverter, can be disposed in each signal transmission line.
  • the first RF signal may be output to the main power amplifier 102 after being converted by the first up-converter, and the second RF signal is output to the auxiliary power amplifier 103 after being converted by the second up-converter.
  • the first radio frequency signal and the second radio frequency signal are related signals, and the same baseband data signal is characterized by the same delay.
  • the phases and/or amplitudes of the two signals may be different, and the amplitude and phase may be separate. control.
  • a person skilled in the art can select an appropriate signal splitting mode according to the system design requirements, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the main power amplifier and the auxiliary power amplifier both use the envelope voltage outputted by the envelope modulator as the operating voltage.
  • the envelope signal is less than the preset threshold, the envelope voltage is a fixed voltage.
  • the power amplifier operates in the normal Doherty amplifier mode; when the signal envelope is greater than the preset threshold, the envelope voltage changes according to the amplitude of the envelope signal, so that the power amplifier operates in the envelope following Doherty amplifier mode. under.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of still another power amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the power amplifier provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: an envelope modulator 201, a main power amplifier 202, and A auxiliary power amplifiers 203 (A is greater than or equal to 2, and A is an integer).
  • the power amplifier can also include an impedance transformation network 204, an upconverter 205, and a power splitter 206.
  • the impedance transformation network 204 can be replaced by multiple ⁇ /4 transmission lines, including A ⁇ /4 transmission line is disposed at each of the source of the main power amplifier 202 and the source of each of the auxiliary power amplifiers 203, and a ⁇ / is respectively disposed at the signal output ends of the main power amplifier 202 and each of the auxiliary power amplifiers 303.
  • the combined output of 202 and A auxiliary power amplifiers 203 is configured with a ⁇ /4 transmission line; the power divider 206 can be replaced by two independent signal transmission lines corresponding to the main power amplifier 202 and the auxiliary power amplifiers 203, respectively.
  • the main power amplifier 202 receives one radio frequency signal, and the A auxiliary power amplifiers 203 receive another radio frequency signal.
  • a person skilled in the art can select and use according to actual needs, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention, and the structure shown in FIG. 5 is only an optional embodiment.
  • the main power amplifier 202, the drains (D terminals) of the A auxiliary power amplifiers 203 are respectively connected to the envelope modulator 201, and respectively receive the same envelope voltage received from the envelope modulator 201 as the operating voltage, and the radio frequency.
  • the signal is amplified.
  • the envelope modulator 201 can also be connected to the gate (G terminal) of the main power amplifier 202 and the A auxiliary power amplifiers 203, respectively, to envelope the envelope voltage outputted by the modulator 201 as a gate voltage. Auxiliary control of the working state of the main power amplifier and the auxiliary power amplifier, further adjusting the power amplifier gain, and improving the performance of the power amplifier.
  • the number of auxiliary power amplifiers can be determined according to system requirements, that is, the Doherty amplifier portion in the power amplifier provided by the embodiment of the present invention may be a multi-channel Doherty power amplifier, as shown in FIG. 3, which may include two The above auxiliary power amplifier.
  • the implementation form of the Doherty amplifier part in the power amplifier provided by the embodiment of the present invention is not limited, and the multi-channel Doherty amplifier structure can also be designed as an anti-Doherty amplifier structure, and the present invention
  • the embodiment does not limit this.
  • the detailed structure of the power amplifier, the connection relationship and the function of the modules provided in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 can be referred to the related content of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, and details are not described herein.
  • the power amplifier provided by the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 since the number of auxiliary power amplifiers is increased, a larger output power can be generated, and the performance of the device can be further improved.
  • FIG. 5 since the number of auxiliary power amplifiers is increased, a larger output power can be generated, and the performance of the device can be further improved.
  • the power amplifier provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: a first envelope modulator 3011, a second envelope modulator 3012, a main power amplifier 302, and B (B is greater than or equal to 1, and B is an integer).
  • the auxiliary power amplifier 303 wherein the first envelope modulator 3011 is connected to the drain (D terminal) of the main power amplifier 302, and the second envelope modulator 3012 and the drains of the B auxiliary power amplifiers 303 are respectively connected, the main power The amplifier 302 is connected in parallel with the B auxiliary power amplifiers 303.
  • the first envelope modulator 3011 can also be connected to the gate (G terminal) of the main power amplifier 302, and the second envelope modulator 3012 can also be connected to the gates of the B auxiliary power amplifiers, respectively.
  • the envelope voltage output by the envelope modulator is used as the gate voltage, and the auxiliary power amplifier and the auxiliary power amplifier are auxiliaryly controlled to further adjust the power amplifier gain to improve the performance of the power amplifier.
  • the power amplifier may also include an impedance transformation network 304, an upconverter 305, and a power divider 306, the connection relationship being as shown in FIG. It can be understood that the optional functional modules listed in the embodiments shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 are also applicable to the structure of the embodiment shown in FIG. 6.
  • the impedance transformation network 304 can be replaced by a plurality of ⁇ /4 transmission lines, including A ⁇ /4 transmission line is disposed at each of the source of the main power amplifier 302 and the source of each of the auxiliary power amplifiers 303, and a ⁇ / is respectively disposed at the signal output ends of the main power amplifier 302 and each of the auxiliary power amplifiers 303.
  • the power divider 306 can be composed of two corresponding to the main power amplifier 302 and the auxiliary power amplifiers 303, respectively.
  • the circuit-independent signal transmission line is replaced by a person skilled in the art, and is not limited to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the structure shown in FIG. 6 is only an optional embodiment.
  • a first envelope modulator 3011 configured to receive a first envelope signal, obtain a first envelope voltage according to the first envelope signal, and output the signal to the main power amplifier 302; the first power amplifier 302 An envelope voltage is used as the operating voltage to amplify the signal input from the source (S terminal).
  • a second envelope modulator 3012 configured to receive a second envelope signal, according to the second envelope signal, A second envelope voltage is obtained and output to the B auxiliary power amplifiers 303.
  • the B auxiliary power amplifiers use the second envelope voltage as an operating voltage to amplify the signal input from the source.
  • the first envelope signal and the second envelope signal may be generated by an RRU or the like and input to the first envelope modulator 3011 and the second envelope modulator 3012, respectively.
  • the signals input at the source of the main power amplifier 302 and the auxiliary power amplifier 303 may be the same RF signal to be amplified or a signal that can be used to characterize the same RF signal to be amplified.
  • the first envelope modulator 3011 may process the first envelope signal into a first envelope voltage under control of the first modulator control signal; the second envelope modulator 3012 may be in the second modulator Under the control of the control signal, the second envelope signal is processed into a second envelope voltage.
  • the proportional relationship between the first envelope voltage and the second envelope voltage may be corresponding to the output power of the main power amplifier 302 and the auxiliary power amplifier 303.
  • ratio Specifically, according to the expected operating voltage ratio of the main power amplifier and the auxiliary power amplifier, a suitable first modulator control signal and a second modulator control signal are set, thereby controlling the main power output of the first envelope modulator 3011.
  • the ratio between the first envelope voltage of the amplifier 302 and the second envelope voltage outputted by the second envelope modulator 3012 to the auxiliary power amplifier 303 is the same as or corresponding to the output power ratio, and the main power amplifier and the auxiliary power are guaranteed.
  • the operating voltage between the amplifiers is maintained at a constant rate, and the RF signal is amplified at the same time to maintain the symmetry of the amplifier.
  • the first modulator control signal and the second modulator control signal may be generated by an RRU or the like.
  • first modulator control signal and the second modulator control signal may be the same or different, and parameters such as amplitude and phase may or may not be correlated, as long as the output is processed by the envelope modulator.
  • the embodiment of the present invention does not particularly limit the present invention.
  • the above output power ratio is selected by the power tube as the main power amplifier and the auxiliary power amplifier
  • the performance is determined, for example, the output power of the power tube as the main power amplifier is 100 watts (W), and the output power of the power tube as the auxiliary power amplifier is 200 watts (W), and the output power ratio is 1:2, according to the output.
  • the power ratio requirement determines a first modulator control signal and a second modulator control signal, the first envelope voltage obtained by the first envelope signal being processed by the first envelope modulator, and the second envelope signal passing through
  • the ratio of the second envelope voltage obtained after processing by the second envelope modulator is also equal to or approximately 1:2.
  • the first envelope modulator 3011 may process the first envelope signal into a fixed voltage or a varying voltage following the amplitude change of the first envelope signal according to the first signal threshold; the second envelope modulator 3012 may process the second envelope signal to a fixed voltage or a varying voltage that changes the amplitude of the second envelope signal according to the second signal threshold.
  • the first pre-set threshold and the second preset threshold may be independently set and adjusted, and may be set to the same threshold value or different threshold values according to the performance requirements of the amplifier, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
  • the first envelope signal and the second envelope signal may be related signals obtained by processing the original envelope signal of the same radio frequency signal through different functions, and then processing the first packet according to the first envelope signal.
  • the voltage of the complex and the second envelope voltage processed according to the second envelope signal are the associated envelope voltages.
  • the first envelope signal and the second envelope signal may also be the same envelope signal that the original envelope signal of the radio frequency signal is processed by a certain preset function, and output to the first envelope modulation separately.
  • the first envelope voltage and the second envelope voltage can be processed by the first envelope modulator 3011 and the second envelope modulator 3012, and the first envelope voltage and the second envelope voltage can be processed. Is the same or related envelope voltage. Regardless of whether the processing results in the same or related envelope voltage, the first envelope voltage and the second envelope voltage can always maintain a fixed proportional relationship under the action of the first modulator control signal and the second modulator control signal.
  • the detailed structure of the power amplifier and the connection relationship and function of each module provided in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 can be referred to the related content of other embodiments of the present invention, and details are not described herein.
  • the envelope channels of the main power amplifier and the auxiliary power amplifier are independently configured, and the envelope voltage can be separately set and adjusted, and the ratio of the envelope voltage is matched with the output power ratio of the amplifier, and the flexibility is good. , you can go a step further to improve the performance of the amplifier.
  • the number of the envelope modulator and the auxiliary power amplifier in the power amplifier provided by the embodiment of the present invention may be determined according to system requirements, and accordingly, the connection relationship between the modules may also change.
  • the embodiment of the invention is not particularly limited.
  • C (C is greater than or equal to 2) auxiliary power amplifiers and C+1 (C is greater than or equal to 2) envelope modulators may be set, wherein one of the C+1 envelope modulators and one of the envelope modulators The main power amplifiers are connected, and the remaining C envelope modulators are respectively connected with C auxiliary power amplifiers, that is, the envelope modulators are in one-to-one correspondence with the auxiliary power amplifiers, and each envelope modulator can be independently controlled.
  • C C is greater than or equal to 2
  • C+1 (C is greater than or equal to 2) envelope modulators may be set, wherein one of the C+1 envelope modulators and one of the envelope modulators The main power amplifiers are connected, and the remaining C envelope modulators are respectively connected with C auxiliary power amplifiers, that is, the envelope modulators are in one
  • C (C is greater than or equal to 2) auxiliary power amplifiers and two envelope modulators may be provided, wherein one envelope modulator is connected to the main power amplifier;
  • the network modulator is simultaneously connected to C auxiliary power amplifiers to supply operating voltages to the C auxiliary power amplifiers; or one envelope modulator is connected to the main power amplifier and part of the auxiliary power amplifier, and the other envelope modulator and the remaining auxiliary The power amplifiers are connected. That is, as long as the operating voltages of the main power amplifier and the auxiliary power amplifier are both provided by the envelope voltage output by the envelope modulator, and the operating voltage ratio of the main power amplifier and the auxiliary power amplifier corresponds to the output power ratio. As shown in FIG.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a radio remote unit, including a power amplifier 401, which may be a power amplifier or a device having the same function as any of the embodiments of FIG.
  • a power amplifier 401 which may be a power amplifier or a device having the same function as any of the embodiments of FIG.
  • the RRU may further include a processor 402, configured to extract an original envelope signal of the radio frequency signal to be amplified, and process the original envelope signal through a preset function to obtain an envelope signal and output the signal to the power amplifier 401.
  • the power amplifier 401 processes the envelope signal into an envelope voltage as an operating voltage of the power amplifier.
  • the processor 402 can also be configured to generate a modulator control signal and output to the power amplifier 402, which can be used to control the amplitude of the envelope voltage.
  • the processor 402 can be configured to generate a first envelope corresponding to the first envelope
  • the first modulator control signal of the modulator, and the second modulator control signal corresponding to the second envelope modulator refer to the description of the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, which is not described herein.
  • the processor 402 can communicate directly or indirectly with the power amplifier 401. It is to be understood that the foregoing processor 402 may be separately configured, or may be integrated into the existing functional modules of the RRU, such as an intermediate frequency module or a transceiver module, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention. In an actual implementation, the functionality of processor 402 can be integrated on a baseband chip.
  • the RRU may further include a communication interface 403 for directly or indirectly communicating with other devices in the base station, such as a baseband unit (BBU).
  • BBU baseband unit
  • the communication interface 403 may be a Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI) or an Open Base Station Architecture Initiative (OBA) interface.
  • CPRI Common Public Radio Interface
  • OBA Open Base Station Architecture Initiative
  • the power amplifier 401, the processor 402, and the communication interface 403 are not limited in connection. As shown in FIG. 7, the power amplifier 401, the processor 402, and the communication interface 403 can be connected via the communication bus 404 for signal transmission.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is described in the configuration of the power amplifier in the RRU. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the power amplifier can also be configured in other similar RF function modules. Make any restrictions.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a base station, including a radio remote unit 501, and a baseband unit 502.
  • the radio remote unit 501 can be a radio remote unit as shown in the embodiment of FIG.
  • the radio remote unit 501 and the baseband unit 502 can perform direct or indirect communication with the same or a device having the same function.
  • the radio remote unit or the base station provided by the embodiment of the present invention wherein the power amplifier part uses the main power amplifier and the auxiliary power amplifier to use the envelope voltage output by the envelope modulator as the working voltage, when the envelope signal is less than the preset threshold.
  • the envelope voltage is a fixed voltage, so that the power amplifier works in the normal Doherty amplifier mode; when the signal envelope is greater than the preset threshold, the envelope voltage changes according to the amplitude of the envelope signal, so that the power amplifier works
  • the envelope follows the Doherty amplifier mode.
  • the operating voltages of the main power amplifier and the auxiliary power amplifier can be adjusted at the same time, the symmetry of the power amplifier is improved, the efficiency loss phenomenon is not easy to occur, and the efficiency advantage of the Doherty amplifier under power retraction is utilized, and the envelope following technique is combined.
  • the saturation power of the power amplifier is improved, and the efficiency of the power amplifier is enhanced, especially in the working state in which the high power and the peak-to-average ratio signal are amplified, a higher efficiency can be achieved.
  • the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the modules is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple modules or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored, or not executed.
  • each functional module in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing module, and each module may exist physically separately, or two or more modules may be integrated into one module.

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Abstract

提供了一种功率放大器，包括包络调制器（101），主功率放大器（102）以及辅助功率放大器（103）；其中，所述包络调制器（101），分别与所述主功率放大器（102）的漏极以及所述辅助功率放大器（103）的漏极相连，用于根据接收到的包络信号得到包络电压，分别向所述主功率放大器（102）以及所述辅助功率放大器（103）的漏极输出所述包络电压；所述主功率放大器（102），与所述包络调制器（101）相连，用于在工作状态下，将从所述包络调制器（101）接收到的所述包络电压作为工作电压，对所述主功率放大器的源极输入的信号进行放大处理；所述辅助功率放大器（103），与所述主功率放大器（102）并联，且与所述包络调制器（101）相连，用于在工作状态下，将从所述包络调制器（101）接收到的所述包络电压作为工作电压，对所述辅助功率放大器（103）的源极输入的信号进行放大处理。

Description

功率放大器、 射频拉远单元及基站 技术领域 本发明涉及无线通信技术， 尤其涉及一种功率放大器、 射频拉远单元及 基站。 背景技术
功率放大器 （PA， power ampl ifier , 简称 "功放" ） 是无线基站中重要 的组成部分， 功率放大器的效率决定了基站的功耗、 尺寸、 热设计等参数。 特别是高峰均比的信号在基站中对功放有更高的要求， 为了不失真的放大这 些高峰均比的信号， 常用方法之一是采用功率回退法， 即让功放工作在 A类 或 AB类状态， 远离饱和区， 进入线性工作区， 从而改善了功放的线性度。 但 该方法的缺点在于会引起功放效率的大幅度下降， 在同样输出功率下， 基站 的能耗会大大增加。 为了提升在采用功率回退方法放大信号时的功放效率， 现有技术中提出 将包络跟踪 （ET， envelope tracking ) 放大器与多赫蒂 （Doherty ) 放大器 结合， 利用多赫蒂放大器的回退效率优势， 提升高峰均比信号在回退下的功 放效率。 该功率放大器中， 将多赫蒂放大器的主功率放大器与包络调制器相 连， 由包络调制器对主功率放大器进行包络跟踪， 同时， 辅助功率放大器采 用一个固定电压供电， 此种结构的放大器在工作时， 容易造成功放效率丢失， 效率提升有限。 发明内容 本发明实施例提供一种功率放大器、 收发信机、 基站及信号处理方法， 可以提升功率放大器的效率。
第一方面， 本发明实施例提供一种功率放大器， 包括包络调制器， 主功 率放大器以及辅助功率放大器， 其中，
所述包络调制器， 分别与所述主功率放大器的漏极以及所述辅助功率放 大器的漏极相连， 用于根据接收到的包络信号得到包络电压， 分别向所述主 功率放大器以及所述辅助功率放大器的漏极输出所述包络电压；
所述主功率放大器， 与所述至包络调制器相连， 用于在工作状态下， 将 从所述包络调制器接收到的所述包络电压作为工作电压， 对所述主功率放大 器的源极输入的信号进行放大处理；
所述辅助功率放大器， 与所述主功率放大器并联， 且与所述包络调制器 相连， 用于在工作状态下， 将从所述包络调制器接收到的所述包络电压作为 工作电压， 对所述辅助功率放大器的源极输入的信号进行放大处理。
在第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式中， 所述包络调制器还分别与所述 主功率放大器的栅极以及所述辅助功率放大器的栅极相连； 所述包络调制器 还用于， 分别向所述主功率放大器的栅极及所述辅助功率放大器的栅极输出 所述包络电压。
结合以上任意一种可能的实现方式， 在第一方面的第二种可能的实现方 式中， 所述包络电压是变化电压， 当所述包络信号达到所述功率放大器允许 的最大值时， 所述包络电压具有相应的最大值； 或者， 所述包络电压是固定 电压。
结合以上任意一种可能的实现方式， 在第一方面的第三种可能的实现方 式中， 所述功率放大器还包括上变频器； 所述上变频器分别与所述主功率放 大器的源极以及所述辅助功率放大器的源极相连， 用于将射频信号变频到与 所述主功率放大器以及所述辅助功率放大器相同的工作频率范围， 并分别输 出至所述主功率放大器以及所述辅助功率放大器。
结合以上任意一种可能的实现方式， 在第一方面的第四种可能的实现方 式中， 所述功率放大器还包括阻抗变换网络， 分别与所述主功率放大器的输 出端以及所述辅助功率放大器的输出端相连， 用于为所述主功率放大器与所 述辅助功率放大器提供相差。
结合以上任意一种可能的实现方式， 在第一方面的第五种可能的实现方 式中， 所述功率放大器还包括功率分配器， 分别与所述主功率放大器的源极 以及所述辅助功率放大器的源极相连， 用于将射频信号分成两路信号分别输 出至所述主功率放大器及所述辅助功率放大器。
结合以上任意一种可能的实现方式， 在第一方面的第六种可能的实现方 式中， 所述包络信号为将射频信号的原始包络信号经过预设的函数处理后得 到。
第二方面， 本发明实施例提供了一种功率放大器， 包括， 第一包络调制 器和第二包络调制器， 主功率放大器以及辅助功率放大器，
所述第一包络调制器与所述主功率放大器的漏极相连， 用于根据接收到 的第一包络信号得到对应的第一包络电压， 向所述主功率放大器的漏极输出 所述第一包络电压；
所述第二包络调制器与所述至少一个功率放大器的漏极相连， 用于根据 接收到的第二包络信号得到对应的第二包络电压， 向所述辅助功率放大器的 漏极输出所述第二包络电压；
所述主功率放大器， 与所述第一包络控制器相连， 用于在工作状态下， 将从所述第一包络调制器接收到的所述第一包络电压作为工作电压， 对所述 主功率放大器的源极输入的信号进行放大处理；
所述辅助功率放大器， 与所述主功率放大器并联， 且与所述第二包络调 制器相连， 用于在工作状态下， 将从所述第二包络调制器接收到的所述第二 包络电压作为工作电压， 对所述辅助功率放大器的源极输入的信号进行放大 处理；
其中， 所述第一包络电压与所述第二包络电压的比例关系对应于所述主 功率放大器与所述辅助功率放大器的输出功率比。
在第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式中， 所述第一包络调制器与所述主 功率放大器的栅极相连， 所述第一包络调制器还用于， 向所述主功率放大器 的栅极输出所述第一包络电压； 所述第二包络调制器与所述功率放大器的栅 极相连， 所述第二包络调制器还用于， 向所述辅助功率放大器的栅极输出所 述第二包络电压。
结合以上任意一种可能的实现方式， 在第二方面的第二种可能的实现方 式中， 所述功率放大器还包括上变频器； 所述上变频器分别与所述主功率放 大器的源极以及所述辅助功率放大器的源极相连， 用于将射频信号变频到与 所述主功率放大器以及所述辅助功率放大器相同的工作频率范围， 并分别输 出至所述主功率放大器以及所述辅助功率放大器。
结合以上任意一种可能的实现方式， 在第二方面的第三种可能的实现方 式中， 所述功率放大器还包括阻抗变换网络， 分别与所述主功率放大器的输 出端以及所述辅助功率放大器的输出端相连， 用于为所述主功率放大器与所 述辅助功率放大器提供相差。
结合以上任意一种可能的实现方式， 在第二方面的第四种可能的实现方 式中， 所述功率放大器还包括功率分配器， 分别与所述主功率放大器的源极 以及所述辅助功率放大器的源极相连， 用于将射频信号分成两路信号分别输 出至所述主功率放大器及所述辅助功率放大器。
结合以上任意一种可能的实现方式， 在第二方面的第五种可能的实现方 式中， 所述第一包络信号及所述第二包络信号为将射频信号的原始包络信号 经过相同或不同的函数处理后得到。
第三方面， 本发明实施例提供了一种射频拉远单元， 包括权利要求第一 方面或第二方面提供的功率放大器。
第四方面， 本发明实施例提供了一种基站， 包括第三方面提供的射频拉 远单元。 采用本发明实施例提供的技术方案， 功率放大器中包络调制器将经过 调整的射频信号的包络信号处理为包络电压， 主功率放大器和辅助功率放 大器均使用包络调制器输出的包络电压作为工作电压。 由于主功率放大器 及辅助功率放大器的工作电压可以同时调节， 提升了功率放大器的对称 性， 不易出现效率丢失现象。 因此， 可以通过利用多赫蒂放大器在功率回 退下的效率优势， 同时结合包络跟随技术， 提升功放的饱和功率， 增强了 功率放大器的效率， 特别是在放大高功率和高峰均比信号时， 可以达到较 高效率。 附图说明 为了更清楚地说明本发明实施中的技术方案， 下面将对实施例中所需要 使用的附图作简单地介绍， 显而易见地， 下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些 实施例， 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲， 在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下， 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1是本发明实施例提供的一种功率放大器的结构示意图；
图 2是本发明实施例提供的一种功率放大器的结构示意图；
图 3是本发明实施例提供的一种功率放大器的结构示意图；
图 4是本发明实施例提供的一种功率放大器的结构示意图；
图 5是本发明实施例提供的又一种功率放大器的结构示意图；
图 6是本发明实施例提供的另一种功率放大器的结构示意图；
图 7是本发明实施例提供的一种射频拉远单元的结构示意图；
图 8是本发明实施例提供的一种基站的结构示意图。 具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚， 下面将结合本发 明实施例中的附图， 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、 完整地描述， 显然， 所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例， 而不是全部的实施例。 基于 本发明中的实施例， 本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获 得的所有其他实施例， 都属于本发明保护的范围。
本文中描述的各种技术可用于各种通信系统， 包括 2G、 3G通信系统和下 一代通信系统， 例如全球移动通信 （GSM , global system for mobi le communication ) 等 2G通信系统， 宽带码分多址 ( WCDMA , wideband code division multiple access ) ， 时分同歩码分多址 （ TD-SCDMA， time division-synchronization code division multiple access ) 等 3G:ffi信系 统； 长期演进 （LTE， long-term evolution ) 通信系统及其后续演进系统等 下一代通信系统。
本发明实施例提供的功率放大器可集成在基站等任意需要进行无线信号 功率放大的网元设备中。 本发明实施例提供的功率放大器可以在基站的射频 部分工作， 例如可以布置在基站的射频拉远单元 （RRU， radio remote unit ) 中。 所述基站可以是 GSM系统或 CDMA系统中的基站收发台 （ BTS， base transceiver station ) 、 或者 WCDMA系统中的节点 B ( Node B) 、 或者 LTE系 统中的演进型节点 B ( e-NodeB , evolved NodeB ) 或者 LTE后续演进的通信系 统中的类似设备。
图 1是本发明实施例提供的一种功率放大器的结构示意图。
如图 1所示， 本发明实施例提供的功率放大器包括： 包络调制器 101， 主功率放大器 102以及辅助功率放大器 103。
包络调制器 101分别与所述主功率放大器 102的漏极 （D端） 以及所述 功率放大器 103的漏极相连， 用于根据包络信号得到对应的包络电压， 并将 该包络电压分别输出至主功率放大器 102与辅助功率放大器 103。 其中， 包络信号是可以用于跟踪主功率放大器 102的工作电压的信号， 即当包络信号的幅度大于一定阈值时， 由包络调制器 101产生可以跟随包络 信号大小变化的包络电压， 代替固定电压分别给主功率放大器及辅助功率放 大器供电， 则功率放大器的工作电压跟随包络信号变化， 使得主功率放大器 可以一直处于接近饱和的工作状态。 所述包络信号可以是将等待进行信号放大的射频信号的原始包络信号经 过函数处理得到， 其中， 将原始包络信号转换为包络信号的函数可以根据该 输出的包络信号的幅度及相位等需求预先设定， 例如可以是线性函数、 二次 函数、 三次函数等， 本发明对此不做特别限定。 可选地， 所述包络信号可以 由■等生成并输入到所述包络调制器 101。
可选地， 包络调制器 101可以根据调制器控制信号， 确定上述包络电压 的幅度。 该调制器控制信号的类型、 相位、 幅度等参数可以根据放大器性能 确定并且可以根据放大器运行情况作出调整， 本发明实施例对此不做特别限 定， 调制器控制信号可以采用数字信号。
可选地， 上述调制器控制信号可以由 RRU 等生成并输入至包络调制器 101， 本发明实施例对此不做特别限定。 待放大的射频信号可以由基带数据信号转换得到， 具体的转换过程可以 参考现有技术， 在此不做赘述。 例如在分布式基站中， 可以将基带数据信号 经过 RRU的中频模块、 以及收发信机模块处理后生成， 并分别传输至本发明 实施例提供的功率放大器中的主功率放大器 102以及辅助功率放大器 103。 可选地， 包络调制器 101可以将包络信号的幅度与信号门限做比较， 当 所述包络信号的幅度小于该信号门限时， 将所述包络电压设置为固定电压， 其中， 该固定电压的值可以根据上述调制器控制信号确定并调整； 当所述包 络信号的幅度大于该信号门限时， 将所述包络电压设置为变化电压， 该变化 电压跟随所述包络信号的幅度变化而变化， 其中， 当包络信号达到所述功率 放大器允许的最大值时， 所述包络电压也具有相应的电压最大值。
上述信号门限可以在放大器允许的工作电压范围内根据预先需求确定并 根据系统运行情况进行调整， 本发明实施例对此不做特别限定。
主功率放大器 102， 与包络调制器 101相连， 用于在工作状态下， 将从 包络调制器 101接收到的上述包络电压作为工作电压， 对源极 （S端） 输入 的信号进行放大处理。
辅助功率放大器 103， 与主功率放大器 102并联， 且与包络调制器 101 相连， 用于在工作状态下， 将从包络调制器 101接收到的上述包络电压作为 工作电压， 对源极输入的信号进行放大处理。
可以理解， 在上述主功率放大器 102以及辅助功率放大器 103的源极输 入的信号可以是同一个射频信号， 或者， 也可以为叠加后可以表征同一个射 频信号的信号。 可选地， 当包络信号小于预设门限时， 主功率放大器 102和辅助功率放 大器 103输入同一个固定电压作为工作电压， 此时本发明实施例提供的功率 放大器相当于一个标准的多赫蒂放大器， 在该种工作模式下， 功率放大器可 以实现调制信号带宽较宽的射频信号的功率放大； 当包络信号大于预设门限 时， 主功率放大器 102和辅助功率放大器 103输入同一个跟随包络信号幅度 变化的变化电压作为工作电压， 此时功率放大器为一个采用了包络跟踪的多 赫蒂放大器， 即工作于包络跟踪和多赫蒂放大器的共同状态下， 在该种工作 模式下， 功率发大器对高功率和高峰值均比的调制信号有良好的放大效果。 具体地，包络调制器 101分别与主功率放大器 102及辅助功率放大器 103 的漏极相连，经包络调制器 101处理得到的包络电压分别从主功率放大器 102 及辅助功率放大器 103 的漏极输入， 作为漏极工作电压为主功率放大器丄 02 及辅助功率放大器 103供电。 可以理解， 在栅压控制下， 无论漏极工作电压是固定电压或者是变化电 压， 主功率放大器 102始终偏置在 AB类工作状态， 辅助功率放大器始终偏置 在 C类工作状态。 可选地， 作为本发明的另一个实施例， 如图 2所示， 包络调制器 101还 可以分别与主功率放大器 102及辅助功率放大器 103的栅极 （G端） 相连， 分别向主功率放大器 102及辅助功率放大器 103的栅极输出包络电压， 以包 络电压作为栅压， 对主功率放大器 102及辅助功率放大器 103的工作状态进 行辅助性控制， 从而进一歩调节功放增益， 提升功放性能。 在实际实现中， 包络调制器 101可以是一个单元电路， 由现有技术中已 知的电路元器件构成， 本发明实施例对包络调制器的具体电路构成不做特别 限定。 可选地， 如图 2所示， 作为本发明的另一个实施例， 该功率放大器还可 以包括上变频器 105， 分别与主功率放大器 102 以及辅助功率放大器 103相 连， 用于将射频信号变频到与主功率放大器 102及辅助功率放大器 103相同 的工作频率范围。
可选地， 如图 2所示， 该功率放大器还可以包括功率分配器 106， 分别 与上变频器 105、 主功率放大器 102、 及辅助功率放大器 103相连， 用于将射 频信号分成两路能量相等或不相等的信号分别输出至主功率放大器 102及辅 助功率放大器 103， 进行信号放大。 可选地， 作为本发明的另一个实施例， 该功率放大器可以包括包络调制 器 101， 主功率放大器 102， 辅助功率放大器 103， 以及功率分配器 106， 由 功率分配器 106直接接收射频信号， 将射频信号分路后分别输出至主功率放 大器 102及辅助功率放大器 103。 可选地， 如图 2所示， 可以将主功率放大器 102输出端及辅助功率放大 器 103 的输出端连接阻抗变换网络 104， 经过信号放大的射频信号在经过阻 抗变换网络 104处理后达到功率放大器的合路输出端。 阻抗变换网络 104用 于进行主功率放大器 102以及辅助功率放大器 103之间的阻抗匹配， 即为两 者提供相差。 该阻抗变换网络可以包含微带阻抗变换， 电桥阻抗变换和其他 任意阻抗变换网络， 本发明实施例对此不做特别限定。
可选地， 在本发明的另一个实施例中， 如图 3所示， 功率放大器包括包 络调制器 101、 主功率放大器 102， 辅助功率放大器 103， 上变频器 105和功 率分配器 106， 其中， 上变频器 105和功率分配器 106是可选的器件。 该功 率放大器还可以包括： 三条四分之一波长 （λ /4 ) 传输线 104' ， 其中， 一 条配置在主功率放大器 102和辅助功率放大器 103的源极即信号输入端之间、 一条配置在主功率放大器 102和辅助功率放大器 103的信号输出端之间， 另 一条配置在主功率放大器 102和辅助功率放大器 103的合路输出端。 采用入 /4传输线 104' 的作用与阻抗变换网络 104类似， 可以为主功率放大器 102 和辅助功率放大器 103之间提供相差。 在实际实现中， 在设计本发明实施例提供的功率放大器中的多赫蒂功率 放大器部分时， 可以任意使用上述各种连接形式， 使得本发明提供的功率放 大器的构成形式具有灵活性， 可以根据系统性能需求进行选择。
在实际实现中， 主功率放大器 102和辅助功率放大器 103可以包括一个 或多个晶体管或其他类似的电路器件。 本领域普通技术人员可以认识到， 主 功率放大器 102和辅助功率放大器 103可以采用现有技术中其他任何已知的 半导体技术来实现， 本发明实施例对此不做任何限定。
可选地， 如图 4所示， 在本发明的另一个实施例中， 功率放大器包括包 络调制器 101、 主功率放大器 102， 辅助功率放大器 103， 阻抗变换网络 104， 上变频器 105。 其中， 阻抗变换网络 104可以由三条 λ /4传输线代替， 具体 可以参照图 3所示实施例的描述。
该功率放大器还可以包括分别对应于主功率放大器 102和辅助功率放大 器 103的两路独立的信号传输线路。 具体地， 可以预先将射频信号分为第一 射频信号和第二射频信号， 通过两路独立的信号传输线路分别输出至主功率 放大器 102及辅助功率放大器 103， 分别进行信号放大后再进行合路输出， 其中， 每路信号传输线路中可以设置一个上变频器 105， 称为第一上变频器 及第二上变频器。 具体地， 可以将第一射频信号经过第一上变频器变频后输 出至主功率放大器 102， 将第二射频信号经过第二上变频器变频后输出至辅 助功率放大器 103。 其中， 第一射频信号与第二射频信号是相关信号， 表征 同一个基带数据信号， 具有相同的时延， 在变频之后， 两路信号的相位和 / 或幅度可以不同， 且幅度与相位可以单独控制。 本领域技术人员可以根据系 统设计需求选择合适的信号分路方式， 本发明实施例对此不做特别限定。
采用本发明实施例提供的功率放大器， 主功率放大器和辅助功率放大器 均使用包络调制器输出的包络电压作为工作电压， 当包络信号小于预设门限 时， 包络电压为固定电压， 使功率放大器工作在普通的多赫蒂放大器模式下； 当信号包络大于预设门限时， 包络电压跟随包络信号的幅度变化而变化， 使 功率放大器工作在包络跟随的多赫蒂放大器模式下。 由于主功率放大器及辅 助功率放大器的工作电压可以同时调节， 提升了功率放大器的对称性， 不易 出现效率丢失现象， 利用多赫蒂放大器在功率回退下的效率优势， 同时结合 包络跟随技术， 提升了功放的饱和功率， 增强了功率放大器的效率， 特别是 在放大高功率和高峰均比信号的工作状态下， 可以达到较高效率。 图 5是本发明实施例提供的又一种功率放大器的结构示意图。
如图 5所示， 本发明实施例提供的功率放大器包括： 包络调制器 201， 主功率放大器 202， A个辅助功率放大器 203 (A大于或等于 2， A为整数) 。
该功率放大器还可以包括阻抗变换网络 204， 上变频器 205 以及功率分 配器 206。 可以理解， 在图 1-图 4所示实施例中所列举的可选的功能模块同 样适用于图 5所示实施例的结构， 例如阻抗变换网络 204可以由多条 λ /4传 输线代替， 包括， 分别在主功率放大器 202的源极和每一个辅助功率放大器 203的源极各配置一条 λ /4传输线、 分别在主功率放大器 202和每一个辅助 功率放大器 303的信号输出端各配置一条 λ /4传输线， 以及在主功率放大器 202和 A个辅助功率放大器 203的合路输出端配置一条 λ /4传输线； 功率分 配器 206可以由分别对应于主功率放大器 202和 Α个辅助功率放大器 203的 两路独立的信号传输线路代替， 主功率放大器 202接收一路射频信号， A个 辅助功率放大器 203接收另一路射频信号。 本领域的技术人员可以按照实际 需要选择使用， 本发明实施例对此不做特别限定， 图 5所示的结构仅是一种 可选的实施方案。
其中， 主功率放大器 202， A个辅助功率放大器 203的漏极 （D端） 分别 与包络调制器 201相连， 分别将从包络调制器 201接收的同一个包络电压作 为工作电压， 对射频信号进行放大处理。
在该功率放大器中， 包络调制器 201还可以分别与主功率放大器 202， A 个辅助功率放大器 203的栅极 ( G端） 相连， 以包络调制器 201输出的包络 电压作为栅压， 对主功率放大器和辅助功率放大器的工作状态进行辅助性控 制， 进一歩调节功放增益， 提升功放性能。
可以理解， 辅助功率放大器的数量可以根据系统需求确定， 即本发明实 施例提供的功率放大器中的多赫蒂放大器部分可以是多路多赫蒂功率放大 器， 如图 3所示， 可以包含两个以上的辅助功率放大器。
在实际应用过程中， 本发明实施例所提供的功率放大器中的多赫蒂放大 器部分的实现形式不限， 除了多路多赫蒂放大器结构， 还可以设计为反多赫 蒂放大器结构， 本发明实施例对此不做任何限定。 为描述之简略， 对图 5所示实施例提供的功率放大器的详细结构、 各模 块的连接关系及功能的描述可以参照图 1-图 4所示实施例的相关内容， 在此 不做赘述。 采用图 5所示实施例提供的功率放大器， 由于增加了辅助功率放大器的 数量， 可以产生更大的输出功率， 进一歩提升设备性能。 图 6是本发明实施例提供的另一种功率放大器的结构示意图。 如图 6 所示， 本发明实施例提供的功率放大器包括： 第一包络调制器 3011， 第二包络调制器 3012， 主功率放大器 302， B个 （B大于或等于 1， B 为整数） 辅助功率放大器 303， 其中， 第一包络调制器 3011与主功率放大器 302的漏极 （D端） 相连， 第二包络调制器 3012和 B个辅助功率放大器 303 的漏极分别相连， 主功率放大器 302与 B个辅助功率放大器 303并联。
在该功率放大器中，第一包络调制器 3011还可以与主功率放大器 302的 栅极 （G端） 相连， 第二包络调制器 3012还可以分别与 B个辅助功率放大器 的栅极相连， 以包络调制器输出的包络电压作为栅压， 对主功率放大器和辅 助功率放大器的工作状态进行辅助性控制， 进一歩调节功放增益， 提升功放 性能。
该功率放大器还可以包括阻抗变换网络 304， 上变频器 305 以及功率分 配器 306， 连接关系如图 6所示。 可以理解， 在图 1-图 4所示实施例中所列 举的可选的功能模块同样适用于图 6所示实施例的结构， 例如阻抗变换网络 304可以由多条 λ /4传输线代替， 包括， 分别在主功率放大器 302的源极和 每一个辅助功率放大器 303的源极各配置一条 λ /4传输线、 分别在主功率放 大器 302和每一个辅助功率放大器 303的信号输出端各配置一条 λ /4传输线， 以及在主功率放大器 302和 Β个辅助功率放大器 303的合路输出端配置一条 λ /4传输线； 功率分配器 306可以由分别对应于主功率放大器 302和 Β个辅 助功率放大器 303的两路独立的信号传输线路代替， 本领域的技术人员可以 按照实际需要选择使用， 本发明实施例对此不做特别限定， 图 6所示的结构 仅是一种可选的实施方案。
第一包络调制器 3011，用于接收第一包络信号，根据所述第一包络信号， 得到第一包络电压并输出至所述主功率放大器 302 ; 由主功率放大器 302将 该第一包络电压作为工作电压， 对源极 （S端） 输入的信号进行放大处理。
第二包络调制器 3012，用于接收第二包络信号，根据所述第二包络信号， 得到第二包络电压并输出至 B个辅助功率放大器 303， 由所述 B个辅助功率 放大器将所述第二包络电压作为工作电压，对源极输入的信号进行放大处理。
可选地， 所述第一包络信号及第二包络信号可以由 RRU等生成并分别输 入至第一包络调制器 3011以及第二包络调制器 3012。
可以理解， 在上述主功率放大器 302以及辅助功率放大器 303的源极输 入的信号可以是同一个待放大的射频信号或者叠加后可以表征同一个待放大 的射频信号的信号。
可选地， 第一包络调制器 3011可以在第一调制器控制信号的控制下， 将 第一包络信号处理为第一包络电压；第二包络调制器 3012可以在第二调制器 控制信号的控制下， 将第二包络信号处理为第二包络电压。
可选地， 通过调整第一调制器控制信号与第二调制器控制信号， 可以使 第一包络电压与第二包络电压的比例关系对应于主功率放大器 302及辅助功 率放大器 303的输出功率比。 具体地， 根据预期的主功率放大器及辅助功率 放大器的工作电压比， 设置合适的第一调制器控制信号与第二调制器控制信 号，进而可以控制第一包络调制器 3011输出的供给主功率放大器 302的第一 包络电压，与第二包络调制器 3012输出的供给辅助功率放大器 303的第二包 络电压之间的比值与上述输出功率比相同或相应， 保证主功率放大器与辅助 功率放大器之间的工作电压比维持衡定， 同歩放大射频信号， 保持放大器的 对称性。
可选地， 上述第一调制器控制信号与第二调制器控制信号可以由 RRU等 生成。
需要说明的是， 上述第一调制器控制信号与第二调制器控制信号的类型 可以相同也可以不同， 幅度、 相位等参数可以相关也可以不相关， 只要保证 经过包络调制器处理后输出的包络电压之间满足一定比例关系即可， 本发明 实施例对此不做特别限定。
上述输出功率比由选择作为主功率放大器和辅助功率放大器的功率管的 性能决定， 例如作为主功率放大器的功率管的输出功率为 100瓦（W) ， 作为 辅助功率放大器的功率管的输出功率为 200瓦 （W) ， 则输出功率比为 1： 2， 根据该输出功率比的要求，确定第一调制器控制信号与第二调制器控制信号， 使第一包络信号经过第一包络调制器处理后得到的第一包络电压， 以及第二 包络信号经过第二包络调制器处理后得到的第二包络电压的比值也等于或近 似于 1： 2。
可选地， 第一包络调制器 3011可以根据第一信号门限， 将上述第一包络 信号处理为固定电压或者跟随上述第一包络信号的幅度变化的变化电压； 第 二包络调制器 3012可以根据第二信号门限，将上述第二包络信号处理为固定 电压或者使该跟随上述第二包络信号的幅度变化的变化电压。 其中， 第一预 设门限与第二预设门限可以独立设置并调整， 可以根据放大器性能需求设置 为相同的门限值或不同的门限值， 本发明实施例对此不做特别限定。
可选地， 第一包络信号及第二包络信号可以是由同一个射频信号的原始 包络信号经过不同的函数处理得到的相关信号， 则根据第一包络信号处理得 到的第一包络电压以及根据第二包络信号处理得到的第二包络电压是相关的 包络电压。
可选地， 第一包络信号及第二包络信号也可以是一个射频信号的原始包 络信号经过某一个预设函数处理得到的同一个包络信号， 并分别输出至第一 包络调制器 3011及第二包络调制器 3012， 由于第一包络调制器 3011及第二 包络调制器 3012内可以独立设置信号门限，因此处理得到的第一包络电压和 第二包络电压可以是相同或相关的包络电压。 无论处理得到的是相同或相关 的包络电压， 在第一调制器控制信号与第二调制器控制信号的作用下， 第一 包络电压与第二包络电压始终可以维持固定的比例关系。
为了描述之简略， 对图 6所示实施例提供的功率放大器的详细结构及各 模块的连接关系及功能的描述可以参照本发明其他实施例的相关内容， 在此 不做赘述。 采用图 6实施例提供的功率放大器， 主功率放大器和辅助功率放大器的 包络通道独立配置， 可以单独设置并调节包络电压， 同时包络电压的比值与 放大器的输出功率比匹配， 灵活性好， 可以进一歩提升放大器的性能。
根据上述实施例的描述可知， 本发明实施例提供的功率放大器中的包络 调制器和辅助功率放大器的数量可以根据系统需求确定， 相应的， 各模块之 间的连接关系也会发生变化， 本发明实施例对此不做特别限定。 例如可以设 置 C个 （C大于或等于 2 ) 辅助功率放大器与 C+1个 （C大于或等于 2 ) 包络 调制器， 其中， C+1个包络调制器中的一个包络调制器与主功率放大器相连， 剩余的 C个包络调制器与 C个辅助功率放大器分别相连， 即包络调制器与辅 助功率放大器一一对应， 每个包络调制器都可以独立控制。 又例如， 与图 5 所示实施例类似， 可以设置 C个（C大于或等于 2 )辅助功率放大器和两个包 络调制器， 其中， 一个包络调制器与主功率放大器相连； 另一个包络调制器 同时与 C个辅助功率放大器相连， 向该 C个辅助功率放大器提供工作电压； 或者一个包络调制器与主功率放大器及部分辅助功率放大器相连， 另一个包 络调制器与剩余的辅助功率放大器相连。 即只要保证主功率放大器与辅助功 率放大器的工作电压均由包络调制器输出的包络电压提供， 同时主功率放大 器与辅助功率放大器的工作电压比与输出功率比对应即可。 如图 7所示， 本发明实施例还提供了一种射频拉远单元， 包括功率放大 器 401， 功率放大器 401可以是图 1-图 6任一实施例所示的功率放大器或者 具有相同功能的装置， 关于功率放大器 401的内部结构与功能描述可以参照 本发明其他实施例， 在此不做赘述。
该 RRU 内还可以包括处理器 402， 用于提取待放大的射频信号的原始包 络信号， 将所述原始包络信号经过预设的函数处理， 得到包络信号并输出至 功率放大器 401， 由功率放大器 401将该包络信号处理为包络电压， 作为功 率放大器的工作电压。 可选地， 处理器 402还可以用于生成调制器控制信号并输出至功率放大 器 402， 调制器控制信号可以用于控制上述包络电压的幅度。 可选地，当功率放大器 401包含与主功率放大器相连的第一包络调制器， 以及与辅助功率放大器相连的第二包络调制器时， 处理器 402可以用于生成 对应于第一包络调制器的第一调制器控制信号， 以及对应于第二包络调制器 的第二调制器控制信号， 具体可以参见图 6所示实施例的描述， 在此不做赘 述。 处理器 402可以与功率放大器 401进行直接或间接通信。 可以理解， 上述处理器 402可以单独设置， 也可以将其功能集成在 RRU 的现有功能模块中， 例如中频模块或者收发信机模块中， 本发明实施例对此 不做任何限制。 在实际实现中， 处理器 402的功能可以集成在基带芯片上。
RRU内还可以包括通信接口 403， 用于与基站内的其他装置， 例如基带单 元 （BBU， base band unit ) 进行直接或间接通信。
可选地， 通信接口 403可以是通用公共射频接口 （CPRI , Common Publ ic Radio Interface ) 或者开放式基站架构 （ 0BASI， Open Base Station Architecture Initiative ) 接口等。
功率放大器 401、 处理器 402以及通信接口 403的连接方式不限， 如图 7 所示， 功率放大器 401、 处理器 402以及通信接口 403可以通过通信总线 404 连接， 进行信号的传输。
为描述之清楚简洁，本发明实施例以功率放大器配置于 RRU内进行说明， 本领域的技术人员可以理解， 该功率放大器也可以配置于其他类似的射频功 能模块中， 本发明实施例对此不做任何限定。 如图 8所示， 本发明实施例还提供了一种基站， 包括射频拉远单元 501， 以及基带单元 502， 射频拉远单元 501可以是图 7实施例所示的射频拉远单 元或者具有相同功能的设备， 射频拉远单元 501与基带单元 502可以进行直 接或间接通信。
采用本发明实施例提供的射频拉远单元或基站， 其中的功放部分采用主 功率放大器和辅助功率放大器均使用包络调制器输出的包络电压作为工作电 压， 当包络信号小于预设门限时， 包络电压为固定电压， 使功率放大器工作 在普通的多赫蒂放大器模式下； 当信号包络大于预设门限时， 包络电压跟随 包络信号的幅度变化而变化， 使功率放大器工作在包络跟随的多赫蒂放大器 模式下。 由于主功率放大器及辅助功率放大器的工作电压可以同时调节， 提 升了功率放大器的对称性， 不易出现效率丢失现象， 利用多赫蒂放大器在功 率回退下的效率优势， 同时结合包络跟随技术， 提升了功放的饱和功率， 增 强了功率放大器的效率，特别是在放大高功率和高峰均比信号的工作状态下， 可以达到较高效率。 可以了解， 本领域的普通技术人员可以根据本发明实施例的描述， 对功 率放大器的包络调制器和辅助功率放大器的数量及相应的连接关系不需要付 出创造性努力做出各种合理的变化， 均将处于本发明的保护范围内。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中， 应该理解到， 所揭露的设备和方法， 可以通过其它的方式实现。例如， 以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的， 例如， 所述模块的划分， 仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分， 实际实现时可以有另外 的划分方式， 例如多个模块或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个设备中， 或一些特征可以忽略， 或不执行。
另外，在本发明各个实施例中的各功能模块可以集成在一个处理模块中， 可以是各个模块单独物理存在， 也可以两个或两个以上模块集成在一个模块 中。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实施上述实施例的全部或部分歩骤可 以通过硬件来完成， 也可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件完成， 所述的程序 可以存储于一种计算机可读介质中， 上述提到的存储介质可以是只读存储 器， 磁盘或光盘等。
最后应说明的是： 以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案， 而非对 其限制； 尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明， 本领域的普通 技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改， 或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换； 而这些修改或者替换， 并 不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种功率放大器， 其特征在于， 包括包络调制器， 主功率放大器以及 辅助功率放大器， 其中，
所述包络调制器， 分别与所述主功率放大器的漏极以及所述辅助功率放 大器的漏极相连， 用于根据接收到的包络信号得到包络电压， 分别向所述主 功率放大器以及所述辅助功率放大器的漏极输出所述包络电压；
所述主功率放大器， 与所述至包络调制器相连， 用于在工作状态下， 将 从所述包络调制器接收到的所述包络电压作为工作电压， 对所述主功率放大 器的源极输入的信号进行放大处理；
所述辅助功率放大器， 与所述主功率放大器并联， 且与所述包络调制器 相连， 用于在工作状态下， 将从所述包络调制器接收到的所述包络电压作为 工作电压， 对所述辅助功率放大器的源极输入的信号进行放大处理。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的功率放大器， 其特征在于，
所述包络调制器还分别与所述主功率放大器的栅极以及所述辅助功率放 大器的栅极相连；
所述包络调制器还用于， 分别向所述主功率放大器的栅极及所述辅助功 率放大器的栅极输出所述包络电压。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的功率放大器， 其特征在于，
所述包络电压是变化电压， 当所述包络信号达到所述功率放大器允许的 最大值时， 所述包络电压具有相应的最大值；
或者， 所述包络电压是固定电压。
4、 根据权利要求 1-3任一所述的功率放大器， 其特征在于，
所述功率放大器还包括上变频器；
所述上变频器分别与所述主功率放大器的源极以及所述辅助功率放大器 的源极相连， 用于将射频信号变频到与所述主功率放大器以及所述辅助功率 放大器相同的工作频率范围， 并分别输出至所述主功率放大器以及所述辅助 功率放大器。
5、 根据权利要求 1-4任一所述的功率放大器， 其特征在于，
所述功率放大器还包括阻抗变换网络， 分别与所述主功率放大器的输出 端以及所述辅助功率放大器的输出端相连， 用于为所述主功率放大器与所述 辅助功率放大器提供相差。
6、 根据权利要求 1-5任一所述的功率放大器， 其特征在于，
所述功率放大器还包括功率分配器， 分别与所述主功率放大器的源极以 及所述辅助功率放大器的源极相连， 用于将射频信号分成两路信号分别输出 至所述主功率放大器及所述辅助功率放大器。
7、 根据权利要求 1-6任一所述的功率放大器， 其特征在于，
所述包络信号为将射频信号的原始包络信号经过预设的函数处理后得 到。
8、 一种功率放大器， 其特征在于， 包括， 第一包络调制器和第二包络调 制器， 主功率放大器以及辅助功率放大器，
所述第一包络调制器与所述主功率放大器的漏极相连， 用于根据接收到 的第一包络信号得到对应的第一包络电压， 向所述主功率放大器的漏极输出 所述第一包络电压；
所述第二包络调制器与所述至少一个功率放大器的漏极相连， 用于根据 接收到的第二包络信号得到对应的第二包络电压， 向所述辅助功率放大器的 漏极输出所述第二包络电压；
所述主功率放大器， 与所述第一包络控制器相连， 用于在工作状态下， 将从所述第一包络调制器接收到的所述第一包络电压作为工作电压， 对所述 主功率放大器的源极输入的信号进行放大处理；
所述辅助功率放大器， 与所述主功率放大器并联， 且与所述第二包络调 制器相连， 用于在工作状态下， 将从所述第二包络调制器接收到的所述第二 包络电压作为工作电压， 对所述辅助功率放大器的源极输入的信号进行放大 处理；
其中， 所述第一包络电压与所述第二包络电压的比例关系对应于所述主 功率放大器与所述辅助功率放大器的输出功率比。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的功率放大器， 其特征在于，
所述第一包络调制器与所述主功率放大器的栅极相连， 所述第一包络调 制器还用于， 向所述主功率放大器的栅极输出所述第一包络电压；
所述第二包络调制器与所述功率放大器的栅极相连， 所述第二包络调制 器还用于， 向所述辅助功率放大器的栅极输出所述第二包络电压。
10、 根据权利要求 8或 9所述的功率放大器， 其特征在于，
所述功率放大器还包括上变频器；
所述上变频器分别与所述主功率放大器的源极以及所述辅助功率放大器 的源极相连， 用于将射频信号变频到与所述主功率放大器以及所述辅助功率 放大器相同的工作频率范围， 并分别输出至所述主功率放大器以及所述辅助 功率放大器。
11、 根据权利要求 8-10任一所述的功率放大器， 其特征在于，
所述功率放大器还包括阻抗变换网络， 分别与所述主功率放大器的输出 端以及所述辅助功率放大器的输出端相连， 用于为所述主功率放大器与所述 辅助功率放大器提供相差。
12、 根据权利要求 8-11任一所述的功率放大器， 其特征在于，
所述功率放大器还包括功率分配器， 分别与所述主功率放大器的源极以 及所述辅助功率放大器的源极相连， 用于将射频信号分成两路信号分别输出 至所述主功率放大器及所述辅助功率放大器。
13、 根据权利要求 8-12任一所述的功率放大器， 其特征在于，
所述第一包络信号及所述第二包络信号为将射频信号的原始包络信号经 过相同或不同的函数处理后得到。
14、一种射频拉远单元 RRU,包括权利要求 1-13任一所述的功率放大器。 种基站， 包括权利要求 14所述的射频拉远单元 RRU。
PCT/CN2014/084069 2014-08-11 2014-08-11 功率放大器、射频拉远单元及基站 WO2016023144A1 (zh)

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