WO2016004698A1 - Oled显示器件及其制备方法、显示装置和蒸镀用掩模板 - Google Patents

Oled显示器件及其制备方法、显示装置和蒸镀用掩模板 Download PDF

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WO2016004698A1
WO2016004698A1 PCT/CN2014/088790 CN2014088790W WO2016004698A1 WO 2016004698 A1 WO2016004698 A1 WO 2016004698A1 CN 2014088790 W CN2014088790 W CN 2014088790W WO 2016004698 A1 WO2016004698 A1 WO 2016004698A1
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sub
pixel
pixels
vapor deposition
display device
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PCT/CN2014/088790
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English (en)
French (fr)
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马利飞
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京东方科技集团股份有限公司
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Priority to EP14882154.9A priority Critical patent/EP3168891B1/en
Priority to US14/762,641 priority patent/US10186557B2/en
Publication of WO2016004698A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016004698A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/35—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/35—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels
    • H10K59/353—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels characterised by the geometrical arrangement of the RGB subpixels
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/04—Coating on selected surface areas, e.g. using masks
    • C23C14/042—Coating on selected surface areas, e.g. using masks using masks
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
    • C23C14/12—Organic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/35—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels
    • H10K59/352—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels the areas of the RGB subpixels being different
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K71/10—Deposition of organic active material
    • H10K71/191—Deposition of organic active material characterised by provisions for the orientation or alignment of the layer to be deposited
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/1201—Manufacture or treatment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K71/10—Deposition of organic active material
    • H10K71/16—Deposition of organic active material using physical vapour deposition [PVD], e.g. vacuum deposition or sputtering
    • H10K71/166—Deposition of organic active material using physical vapour deposition [PVD], e.g. vacuum deposition or sputtering using selective deposition, e.g. using a mask

Definitions

  • At least one embodiment of the present invention is directed to an OLED display device, a method of fabricating the same, a display device, and a mask for vapor deposition.
  • OLED organic light emitting diode
  • OLED organic light emitting diode
  • the full color display of the OLED display device generally includes R (red) G (green) B (blue) sub-pixel independent illumination, or white OLED combined with color filter film.
  • RGB sub-pixel independent illumination is currently the most used color mode, which utilizes the organic light-emitting material in the sub-pixel unit to independently emit light.
  • At least one embodiment of the present invention provides an OLED display device, a method for fabricating the same, a display device, and a mask for vapor deposition, which can reduce the difficulty in fabricating the vapor deposition opening of the mask at the same resolution, and in the vapor deposition opening The minimum accuracy that can be achieved can solve the problem that the resolution is difficult to improve.
  • At least one embodiment of the present invention provides an OLED display device including a plurality of pixel units, each of the pixel units including five sub-pixels, wherein the five sub-pixels include at least one red sub-pixel, at least a green sub-pixel and at least one blue sub-pixel; four of the five sub-pixels are distributed at four vertex angles and have the same shape size, wherein one sub-pixel is surrounded by the four sub-pixels, and the four sub-pixels The pixel and the one sub-pixel surrounded by the four sub-pixels are different color sub-pixels; any one of the sub-pixels located at a top corner of the pixel unit and each of the other three of the pixel unit vertices
  • the sub-pixels form a regular pattern in which all of the sub-pixels are the same color sub-pixels and each occupy a quarter pattern; the sub-pixels each include an anode, a cathode, and an organic material light-emitting layer.
  • At least one embodiment of the present invention provides a preparation method of an OLED display device.
  • the OLED display device includes a plurality of pixel units, and the method includes: on a substrate on which an anode is formed, four sub-pixels and a plurality of sub-pixels at each of the four corners of each of the pixel units are deposited by an evaporation method.
  • a region of one sub-pixel surrounded by four sub-pixels forms an organic material light-emitting layer; a cathode is formed on a substrate on which the organic material light-emitting layer is formed; and the four sub-pixels of the pixel unit at four vertex angles have the same shape size Any one of the sub-pixels located at a top corner of the pixel unit and each of the sub-pixels located at an apex angle of the other three of the pixel units form a regular pattern in which all of the sub-pixels are The same color sub-pixels each occupying a quarter pattern; at least one red sub-pixel, at least one green sub-pixel, and at least one blue sub-pixel are included in five sub-pixels of the pixel unit, and are distributed at four vertex angles The four sub-pixels and one sub-pixel surrounded by the four sub-pixels are different color sub-pixels.
  • At least one embodiment of the present invention provides a mask for vapor deposition of an OLED display device, including a first mask body and a first vapor deposition opening disposed on the first mask body,
  • the first vapor deposition opening is circular or elliptical; the first vapor deposition openings are arranged at intervals; in any one of the first directions passing through the center of all the first vapor deposition openings, any two adjacent a distance of the first vapor deposition opening is equal to a diameter of the two first vapor deposition openings in the first direction; in any one of the second directions passing through the center of all the first vapor deposition openings, any adjacent two The distance of the first vapor deposition openings is equal to the diameter of the two first vapor deposition openings in the second direction.
  • At least one embodiment of the present invention provides a mask for evaporation of an OLED display device, including a second mask body and a second vapor deposition opening disposed on the second mask body, a portion of the reticle body except the second vapor deposition opening includes a plurality of occlusion regions, each of the occlusion regions being circular or elliptical, and the second vapor deposition opening is spaced apart by the occlusion region a portion; in the row or column direction, any two adjacent occlusion regions are tangent; the centers of all of the occlusion regions on any row or column are in a straight line.
  • At least one embodiment of the present invention provides a display device including the above OLED display device.
  • 1 is a schematic diagram of a sub-pixel arrangement of each pixel unit of an OLED display device
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sub-pixel arrangement of each pixel unit of an OLED display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a sub-pixel arrangement of each pixel unit of an OLED display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a sub-pixel arrangement of each pixel unit of an OLED display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of distribution of color sub-pixels in each pixel unit of an OLED display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an OLED display device including a thin film transistor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 7-9 are schematic diagrams of processes for preparing each color sub-pixel of an OLED display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 10a is a schematic structural view 1 of a mask for vapor deposition of an OLED display device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 10b is a second schematic structural diagram of a mask for vapor deposition of an OLED display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 11a is a schematic structural view 3 of a mask for vapor deposition of an OLED display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11b is a schematic structural diagram 4 of a mask for vapor deposition of an OLED display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 10-pixel unit 101-sub-pixel; 101a-first sub-pixel; 101b-second sub-pixel; 101c-third sub-pixel; 102-thin film transistor; 103-anode; 104-organic material luminescent layer; 20-first mask body; 201-first vapor deposition opening; 30-second mask body; 301-second evaporation opening; 302-blocking area.
  • the inventors of the present application have noticed that, as shown in FIG. 1, the RGB sub-pixels of the OLED display device adopt a collocated pixel arrangement, and the FMM (Fine Metal Mask) technology is mainly used in preparation, that is: When evaporating one organic luminescent material in RGB, the other two pixels are shielded by the shielding effect of the occlusion region of the mask, and then the other two organic luminescent materials are evaporated by using the high-precision alignment system to move the reticle or the substrate.
  • the size of the RGB light-emitting area depends on the size of the evaporation opening of the mask.
  • the evaporation opening of the mask cannot be arbitrarily small, which limits the resolution of the display. .
  • the OLED display device includes a plurality of pixel units 10, each of which includes five sub-pixels 101.
  • the five sub-pixels 101 include at least one red sub-pixel, at least one green sub-pixel, and at least one blue sub-pixel.
  • Four of the sub-pixels 101 of the five sub-pixels 101 are distributed at four vertex angles and have the same shape and size, wherein one sub-pixel 101 is surrounded by the four sub-pixels 101, and the four sub-pixels 101 and the four sub-pixels 101 are The one sub-pixel 101 surrounded by the pixel 101 is a different color sub-pixel.
  • any one of the sub-pixels 101 located at the top corner of the pixel unit 10 and each of the sub-pixels 101 located at the apex angles of the other three of the pixel units 10 form a regular pattern in which all of the said The sub-pixels 101 are the same color sub-pixels 101 and each occupy a quarter pattern.
  • the sub-pixels 101 each include an anode, a cathode, and an organic material light-emitting layer (none of which are not identified in FIGS. 2 to 4).
  • the five sub-pixels 101 include at least one red sub-pixel, at least one green sub-pixel, and at least one blue sub-pixel.
  • the five sub-pixels 101 include two red sub-pixels. a pixel, two green sub-pixels, and one blue sub-pixel; or two green sub-pixels, two blue sub-pixels, and one red sub-pixel; or two blue sub-pixels, two red sub-pixels, and one a green sub-pixel; or a white sub-pixel in addition to the above-mentioned three color sub-pixels; in this case, there are two sub-pixels of one color; or two other color sub-pixels may be included Color sub-pixels; specific settings can be made according to actual conditions, and will not be described here.
  • one of the sub-pixels 101 is surrounded by the four sub-pixels 101 distributed in four vertex angles, that is, one of the sides and one of the four sub-pixels 101 for the one sub-pixel 101 Contact, and each of the four sub-pixels 101 is in contact with an edge of the one sub-pixel 101.
  • the four sub-pixels 101 and one sub-pixel 101 surrounded by the four sub-pixels 101 are different color sub-pixels, that is, regardless of the color sub-pixels of the four sub-pixels 101 located at the four vertex angles.
  • One of the sub-pixels 101 surrounded by the above and the four sub-pixels 101 are different in color.
  • the regular patterns formed by the sub-pixels 101 are formed. It is a non-notched closed pattern, such as a circle filled with diagonal lines in FIG. 2, an elliptical shape filled with oblique lines in FIG. 3, a diamond filled with oblique lines in FIG.
  • the principle of illumination is that when a working voltage is applied to the anode and the cathode, holes in the anode and electrons in the cathode are injected into the light-emitting layer of the organic material; holes and electrons Meeting in the organic material luminescent layer, the two are combined to form an electron-hole pair and release energy; the energy is emitted in the form of light, which is displayed in different colors through different luminescent molecules in the luminescent layer The light is uniformly emitted from both sides of the luminescent layer of the organic material.
  • the red sub-pixel referred to in the embodiment of the present invention actually means that the color of the light emitted from the organic material light-emitting layer is red, and the same is the green sub-pixel and the blue sub-pixel, that is, the red sub-pixel and the green sub-pixel.
  • the difference between the blue sub-pixels is the difference in the material of the organic material light-emitting layer.
  • the OLED display device can be classified into a single-sided light-emitting type and a double-sided light-emitting type OLED display device. That is, when the material of one of the anode and the cathode is an opaque material, the OLED display device is a single-sided light-emitting type; when the materials of the anode and the cathode are both transparent materials and/or translucent, the OLED display device It is a double-sided light type.
  • the single-sided light-emitting type OLED display device can be further classified into a top emission type and a bottom emission type depending on the materials of the anode and the cathode.
  • the cathode when the anode is close to the substrate, the cathode is disposed away from the substrate, and the anode is a transparent conductive material, and the cathode is an opaque conductive material, since the light is emitted from one side of the substrate, it may be referred to as a bottom emission type;
  • the anode is an opaque conductive material, and when the cathode is a transparent or translucent conductive material, since the light is emitted from the encapsulating layer disposed opposite to the substrate, it may be referred to as a top emission type.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide an OLED display device including a plurality of pixel units 10, each Each of the pixel units 10 includes five sub-pixels 101 including at least one red sub-pixel, at least one green sub-pixel, and at least one blue sub-pixel.
  • any one of the sub-pixels 101 located at the top corner of the pixel unit 10 and each of the sub-pixels around the other three corners of the pixel unit 10 101 forms a regular pattern in which all of the sub-pixels 101 are the same color sub-pixels 101 and each occupy a quarter pattern; the sub-pixels 101 each include an anode, a cathode, and an organic material light-emitting layer.
  • the sub-pixel 101 located at the top corner of the pixel unit 10 forms a regular pattern with each of the sub-pixels 101 located at the top corners of the other three of the pixel units 10, and all of the regular patterns
  • the sub-pixel 101 is a sub-pixel of the same color, so that the same evaporation opening can be used to simultaneously evaporate the organic material luminescent layer of all the sub-pixels 101 in the regular pattern, based on which, for all luminescent layers having the same organic material
  • the sub-pixel 101 in the regular pattern is vapor-deposited by using a mask and having the vapor deposition opening in one-to-one correspondence with the regular patterns; on the basis of the above, for any of the pixel units 10 which are located at the top corner
  • the evaporation of the organic material light-emitting layer of the one sub-pixel 101 surrounded by the four sub-pixels 101 is only required to make the masking region of the mask plate an evaporation opening corresponding to all the regular patterns described above, and may be used in the process.
  • one vapor deposition opening can be used to simultaneously evaporate the organic material light-emitting layers of the four sub-pixels 101 located in one regular pattern, on the one hand, the same resolution as the juxtaposed pixel arrangement as shown in FIG. In this case, the difficulty in processing the vapor deposition opening is made small, and on the other hand, the resolution can be improved while ensuring the minimum precision that the vapor deposition opening can achieve.
  • any two opposite sub-pixels 101 are the same color sub-pixels. Therefore, for any of the five sub-pixels 101 of the pixel unit 10, it may include two red sub-pixels, two green sub-pixels, and one blue sub-pixel; or two green sub-pixels and two blue sub-pixels. a pixel and a red sub-pixel; or two blue sub-pixels, two red sub-pixels, and one green sub-pixel.
  • the organic material light-emitting layer forming the two sub-pixels 101 in any one of the pixel units 10 can be simultaneously vapor-deposited by using one mask.
  • the sub-mask process that is, the evaporation of the organic material light-emitting layers of all the sub-pixels 101 using up to three masks, makes the fabrication process relatively simple and saves the number of masks.
  • the regular pattern is circular or elliptical.
  • all of the circular or elliptical regions having the same organic material luminescent layer can be evaporated by simply setting the evaporation opening of the reticle to a circular or elliptical shape so as to be the same color in each pixel unit 10.
  • An organic material light-emitting layer corresponding to the color sub-pixel is formed in the sub-pixel.
  • the fabrication of the vapor deposition opening of the mask is made less difficult, that is, the vapor deposition opening can be made relatively larger.
  • the regular pattern is a diamond shape.
  • all the diamond-shaped regions having the same organic material light-emitting layer can be evaporated by simply setting the vapor deposition opening of the mask to a diamond shape, thereby forming the color sub-pixels in the same color sub-pixel of each pixel unit 10.
  • one vapor deposition opening corresponds to four sub-pixels, the fabrication of the vapor deposition opening of the mask is made less difficult, that is, the vapor deposition opening can be made relatively larger.
  • the OLED display device provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention may be an active matrix OLED display device, that is, as shown in the figure.
  • each of the sub-pixels 101 of the OLED display device may further include a thin film transistor 102, and a drain of the thin film transistor 102 is electrically connected to the anode 103.
  • an organic material light-emitting layer 104 and a cathode 105 are sequentially positioned above the anode 103.
  • the thin film transistor includes a gate, a gate insulating layer, a semiconductor active layer, a source, and a drain.
  • the OLED display device further includes a gate line electrically connected to the gate, a gate line lead (not shown), and the like, and a data line and a data line lead electrically connected to the source ( Not shown in the figure).
  • the thin film transistor 102 may be of a top gate type or a bottom gate type. Further, it is considered that the light-emitting area of the light-emitting OLED display device is affected by the thin film transistor, and therefore, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the OLED display device is of a top emission type.
  • At least one embodiment of the present invention also provides a method of fabricating an OLED display device, the OLED display device comprising a plurality of pixel units 10, the method comprising the following steps S101 to S103, which are specifically described below.
  • each pixel unit 10 includes five sub-pixels 101, four of which are located at the top corner, and the other is surrounded by the four sub-pixels 101 located at the top corner, and are located The four sub-pixels 101 at the four vertex angles are the same in size.
  • the five sub-pixels include at least one red sub-pixel, at least one green sub-pixel, and at least one blue sub-pixel, and the four sub-pixels 101 distributed at four vertex angles are surrounded by the four sub-pixels 101
  • One sub-pixel 101 is a different color sub-pixel.
  • any one of the sub-pixels 101 located at the top corner of the pixel unit 10 and each of the sub-pixels 101 located at the apex angles of the other three of the pixel units 10 form a regular pattern in which all The sub-pixels 101 are sub-pixels of the same color and each occupy a quarter pattern.
  • the substrate may be a base substrate, or may be a substrate on which a corresponding pattern layer such as the thin film transistor 102 is formed on the base substrate.
  • the sub-pixel 101 located at any vertex of the pixel unit 10 forms a regular pattern with each of the sub-pixels 101 located at the top corners of the other three of the pixel units 10, and in the All of the sub-pixels 101 in the regular pattern are the same color sub-pixels. Therefore, for the evaporation of the organic material light-emitting layer 104 of all the sub-pixels 101 in the regular pattern, the same vapor deposition opening can be used for vapor deposition.
  • the vapor deposition of the same organic material light-emitting layer is performed only for the sub-pixels 101 of all the regular pattern regions.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method of fabricating an OLED display device, the OLED display device including a plurality of pixel units 10, the method comprising: using an evaporation method on each of the pixels on a substrate on which the anode 102 is formed An area of four sub-pixels 101 of the unit 10 at four vertices and one sub-pixel 101 surrounded by the four sub-pixels 101 form an organic material luminescent layer 104; a cathode is formed on the substrate on which the organic material luminescent layer 104 is formed 105; the bit of the pixel unit 10
  • the four sub-pixels 101 at the four apex angles have the same shape and size; any one of the sub-pixels 101 located at the apex angle of the pixel unit 10 and each of the sub-pixels located at the apex angles of the other three of the pixel units 10 101 forms a regular pattern in which all of the sub-pixels 101 are the same color sub-pixels and each occupy a quarter pattern;
  • the sub-pixel 101 located at the top corner of the pixel unit 10 forms a regular pattern with each of the sub-pixels 101 located at the top corners of the other three of the pixel units 10, and all of the regular patterns
  • the sub-pixel 101 is a sub-pixel of the same color, so that the same evaporation opening can be used to simultaneously vapor-deposit the organic material light-emitting layer 104 of all the sub-pixels 101 in the regular pattern, based on which the light-emitting layer 104 having the same organic material is used.
  • the sub-pixel 101 in all the regular patterns can be evaporated by using a mask and having the vapor deposition opening in one-to-one correspondence with the regular patterns; on the basis of this, for any pixel unit 10 which is located at the top corner
  • the evaporation of the organic material light-emitting layer 104 of the one sub-pixel 101 surrounded by the four sub-pixels 101 is only required to make the masking region of the mask plate an evaporation opening corresponding to all the regular patterns described above, in the process.
  • the evaporation opening can be formed using a method opposite to the above without considering the size of the one sub-pixel 101.
  • one vapor deposition opening can be used to simultaneously vapor-deposit the organic material light-emitting layer 104 of the four sub-pixels 101 located in one regular pattern, on the one hand, it has the same resolution as the juxtaposed pixel arrangement as shown in FIG. In the case of the rate, the difficulty in processing the vapor deposition opening is made small, and on the other hand, the resolution can be improved while ensuring the minimum precision that the vapor deposition opening can achieve.
  • the organic material light-emitting layers 104 of any two opposite sub-pixels 101 are the same material. Therefore, for any five sub-pixels of the pixel unit 10, it may include two red sub-pixels, two green sub-pixels and one blue sub-pixel; or two green sub-pixels and two blue sub-pixels And a red sub-pixel; or two blue sub-pixels, two red sub-pixels, and one green sub-pixel.
  • the organic material light-emitting layer 104 forming the two sub-pixels 101 in any one of the pixel units 10 can be simultaneously vapor-deposited by using one mask.
  • the template can be vapor-deposited to form the organic material light-emitting layer 104 of all the sub-pixels 101, which makes the fabrication process relatively simple and saves the number of masks.
  • the first vapor deposition opening of the first mask and the first sub-pixel 101a located at the top corner of any one of the pixel units 10 may be
  • Each of the sub-pixels 101 located at the apex angles of the other three of the pixel units 10 around the first sub-pixel 101a is aligned, and the first organic material light-emitting layer is evaporated.
  • the first sub-pixel 101a is a sub-pixel 101 located at a relative vertex angle in the pixel unit 10.
  • the first sub-pixel 101a is, for example, a red sub-pixel.
  • the second sub-pixel 101b is a sub-pixel 101 of the pixel unit 10 except the first sub-pixel 101a and located at a relative vertex angle.
  • the second sub-pixel 101b is, for example, a green sub-pixel.
  • the second vapor deposition opening of the second mask may be the third surrounded by the first sub-pixel 101a and the second sub-pixel 101b in any one of the pixel units 10.
  • the sub-pixel 101c is aligned, and a third organic material light-emitting layer is vapor-deposited.
  • the third sub-pixel 101c is, for example, a blue sub-pixel.
  • the order of the above three steps is not limited.
  • the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel are respectively a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel, and a blue sub-pixel, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel may be red sub-pixels, green sub-pixels, and blue sub-pixels, that is, the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and
  • the color of the third sub-pixel may be any combination of three colors of red, green, and blue, such as red, blue, green, blue, red, blue, red, green, and the like.
  • the first vapor deposition opening is circular or elliptical.
  • the first vapor deposition opening is a diamond shape.
  • the OLED display device provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention may be an active matrix type OLED display device, that is, referring to FIG. 6 , in view of the insufficiency of the passive matrix applied to the large-size display.
  • the method may further include forming a thin film transistor 102 in each of the sub-pixels 101, and a drain of the thin film transistor 102 is electrically connected to the anode 103.
  • an organic material light-emitting layer 104 and a cathode 105 are sequentially positioned above the anode 103.
  • At least one embodiment of the present invention further provides a mask for vapor deposition of an OLED display device, by which a first organic material light-emitting layer located in a region of the first sub-pixel 101a can be vapor-deposited, of course,
  • the vapor deposition forms, for example, a second organic material light-emitting layer located in the region of the second sub-pixel 101b.
  • the mask includes: a first mask body 20 and a first vapor deposition opening 201 disposed on the first mask body 20, the first vapor deposition opening 201 is circular Or oval.
  • the first vapor deposition openings 201 are arranged in a row spacing; the distance between any two adjacent first vapor deposition openings 201 in a first direction passing through the center of all of the first vapor deposition openings 201 in any row L1 is equal to the diameter of the two first vapor deposition openings 201 in the first direction; in any one of the second directions passing through the center of all the first vapor deposition openings 201, any two adjacent ones
  • the distance L2 of one of the vapor deposition openings 201 is equal to the diameter of the two first vapor deposition openings 201 in the second direction.
  • the first vapor deposition opening 201 is passed through the mask and the sub-pixel 101 located at the top corner of the pixel unit 10 and the periphery of the other three pixel units 10 are
  • the regular patterns formed by the sub-pixels 101 correspond one-to-one, and the vapor deposition of the corresponding organic material light-emitting layer can be performed.
  • the reticle provided by the embodiment of the present invention on the one hand, has the same resolution as the collocated pixel arrangement as shown in FIG. 1 , so that the difficulty of processing the vapor deposition opening becomes small, and on the other hand, the evaporation opening is ensured.
  • the resolution can be improved with the minimum accuracy that can be achieved.
  • At least one embodiment of the present invention also provides another OLED display device evaporation mask through which a third organic material light-emitting layer located, for example, in the region of the third sub-pixel 101c can be formed by evaporation.
  • the mask includes: a second mask body 30 and a second vapor deposition opening 301 disposed on the second mask body 30, wherein the mask body 30 is
  • the portion of the second vapor deposition opening 301 includes a plurality of occlusion regions 302, each of which is circular or elliptical, and the second vapor deposition opening 301 is a portion that is spaced apart by the occlusion region 302.
  • any two adjacent occlusion regions 302 are tangent; in either row Or the center of all of the occluded regions 302 on either column is in a straight line.
  • the reticle region 302 is passed through the reticle and the sub-pixel 101 located at the apex angle of the pixel unit 10 and each of the sub-pixels 101 located at the apex angles of the other three of the pixel units 10
  • the formed regular patterns correspond one-to-one, and the organic material light-emitting layer of the one sub-pixel 101 surrounded by the four sub-pixels 101 located at the vertex of any one of the pixel units 10 can be vapor-deposited.
  • the occlusion region 302 can be formed into a circular shape or an elliptical shape by using a method opposite to the above, as compared with the case where the first vapor deposition opening 201 is circular or elliptical. Thereby, a second vapor deposition opening 301 which is spaced apart by a circle or an ellipse is formed.
  • the reticle provided by the embodiment of the present invention on the one hand, has the same resolution as the collocated pixel arrangement as shown in FIG. 1 , so that the difficulty of processing the vapor deposition opening becomes small, and on the other hand, the evaporation opening is ensured.
  • the resolution can be improved with the minimum accuracy that can be achieved.
  • At least one embodiment of the present invention also provides a display device comprising the OLED display device provided by any of the above embodiments.
  • the display device can be any product or component having a display function such as an electronic paper, an OLED panel, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a display, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator, and the like.

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Abstract

一种OLED显示器件及其制备方法、显示装置和蒸镀用掩模板，该显示器件的像素单元（10）中的五个子像素（101）包括至少一个红色、至少一个绿色和至少一个蓝色子像素；五个子像素（101）的四个分布在四个顶角且形状尺寸相同，另一个被四个子像素（101）包围，且四个子像素（101）与一个子像素（101）为不同颜色子像素；位于像素单元（10）顶角的任一个子像素（101）与周围位于其他三个像素单元（10）顶角的各一个子像素形成规则图形，在规则图形中所有子像素为同种颜色子像素且各占1/4。该显示器件可降低掩模板蒸镀开口的制作难度，提高显示分辨率。

Description

OLED显示器件及其制备方法、显示装置和蒸镀用掩模板 技术领域
本发明的至少一个实施例涉及一种OLED显示器件及其制备方法、显示装置和蒸镀用掩模板。
背景技术
有机发光二极管(Organic Light Emitting Diode，简称OLED)显示器件是一种有机薄膜电致发光器件，其具有易形成柔性结构、视角宽等优点；因此，利用有机发光二极管的显示技术已成为一种重要的显示技术。
OLED显示器件的全彩显示一般包括R(红)G(绿)B(蓝)子像素独立发光、或白光OLED结合彩色滤光膜等方式。RGB子像素独立发光是目前采用最多的彩色模式，其是利用子像素单元中的有机发光材料独立发光。
发明内容
本发明的至少一个实施例提供一种OLED显示器件及其制备方法、显示装置和蒸镀用掩模板，可在同等分辨率情况下，降低掩模板蒸镀开口的制作难度，并且在蒸镀开口能达到的最小精度情况下，可解决分辨率难以提高的问题。
一方面，本发明的至少一个实施例提供一种OLED显示器件，其包括多个像素单元，每个所述像素单元均包括五个子像素，所述五个子像素中包括至少一个红色子像素、至少一个绿色子像素和至少一个蓝色子像素；所述五个子像素的其中四个子像素分布在四个顶角且形状尺寸相同，其中一个子像素被所述四个子像素包围，且所述四个子像素与被所述四个子像素包围的所述一个子像素为不同颜色子像素；位于所述像素单元顶角的任一个子像素与周围位于其他三个所述像素单元顶角的各一个所述子像素形成一个规则图形，在所述规则图形中，所有所述子像素为同种颜色子像素且各占1/4图形；所述子像素均包括阳极、阴极和有机材料发光层。
另一方面，本发明的至少一个实施例提供一种OLED显示器件的制备方 法，所述OLED显示器件包括多个像素单元，所述方法包括：在形成有阳极的基板上，采用蒸镀方法在每个所述像素单元的位于四个顶角的四个子像素和被所述四个子像素包围的一个子像素的区域形成有机材料发光层；在形成所述有机材料发光层的基板上形成阴极；所述像素单元的位于四个顶角的所述四个子像素形状尺寸相同；位于所述像素单元顶角的任一个子像素与周围位于其他三个所述像素单元顶角的各一个所述子像素形成一个规则图形，在所述规则图形中，所有所述子像素为同种颜色子像素且各占1/4图形；在所述像素单元的五个子像素中包括至少一个红色子像素、至少一个绿色子像素和至少一个蓝色子像素，且分布在四个顶角的所述四个子像素与被所述四个子像素包围的一个子像素为不同颜色子像素。
再一方面，本发明的至少一个实施例提供一种OLED显示器件蒸镀用掩模板，其包括第一掩模板本体和设置在所述第一掩模板本体上的第一蒸镀开口，所述第一蒸镀开口为圆形或椭圆形；所述第一蒸镀开口成行间隔排列；在任意一行通过所有所述第一蒸镀开口圆心的第一方向上，任意相邻的两个所述第一蒸镀开口的距离等于两个所述第一蒸镀开口在所述第一方向的直径；在任意一列通过所有所述第一蒸镀开口圆心的第二方向上，任意相邻的两个所述第一蒸镀开口的距离等于两个所述第一蒸镀开口在所述第二方向的直径。
又一方面，本发明的至少一个实施例提供一种OLED显示器件蒸镀用掩模板，其包括第二掩模板本体和设置在所述第二掩模板本体上的第二蒸镀开口，所述掩模板本体上除所述第二蒸镀开口的部分包括多个遮挡区域，每个所述遮挡区域为圆形或椭圆形，且所述第二蒸镀开口为被所述遮挡区域间隔出的部分；在行或列方向上，任意相邻的两个所述遮挡区域相切；位于任一行或任一列上的所有所述遮挡区域的圆心在一条直线上。
再一方面，本发明的至少一个实施例提供了一种显示装置，其包括上述OLED显示器件。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例， 而非对本发明的限制。
图1为一种OLED显示器件的每个像素单元的子像素排布示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的一种OLED显示器件的每个像素单元的子像素排布示意图一；
图3为本发明实施例提供的一种OLED显示器件的每个像素单元的子像素排布示意图二；
图4为本发明实施例提供的一种OLED显示器件的每个像素单元的子像素排布示意图三；
图5为本发明实施例提供的一种OLED显示器件的每个像素单元中各颜色子像素的分布示意图；
图6为本发明实施例提供的一种包括薄膜晶体管的OLED显示器件的结构示意图；
图7-9为本发明实施例提供的一种制备OLED显示器件的各颜色子像素的过程示意图；
图10a为本发明实施例提供的一种OLED显示器件蒸镀用掩模板的结构示意图一；
图10b为本发明实施例提供的一种OLED显示器件蒸镀用掩模板的结构示意图二；
图11a为本发明实施例提供的一种OLED显示器件蒸镀用掩模板的结构示意图三；
图11b为本发明实施例提供的一种OLED显示器件蒸镀用掩模板的结构示意图四。
附图标记：
10-像素单元；101-子像素；101a-第一子像素；101b-第二子像素；101c-第三子像素；102-薄膜晶体管；103-阳极；104-有机材料发光层；105-阴极；20-第一掩模板本体；201-第一蒸镀开口；30-第二掩模板本体；301-第二蒸镀开口；302-遮挡区域。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发 明实施例的附图，对本发明实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本发明的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本申请的发明人注意到，如图1所示，OLED显示器件的RGB子像素采用并置像素排列方式，在制备时主要是采用FMM(Fine Metal Mask，高精度金属掩模)技术，即：在蒸镀RGB中的一种有机发光材料时，利用掩模板的遮挡区域的屏蔽作用将另外两个像素遮蔽，然后利用高精度对位系统移动掩模板或基板蒸镀另外两种有机发光材料。RGB发光面积的大小取决于掩模板的蒸镀开口的大小，但受FMM制作工艺(通常是刻蚀工艺)的物理限制，掩模板的蒸镀开口不能任意小，这就限制了显示器的分辨率。
本发明的至少一个实施例提供了一种OLED显示器件，如图2至图4所示，该OLED显示器件包括多个像素单元10，每个所述像素单元10均包括五个子像素101，所述五个子像素101中包括至少一个红色子像素、至少一个绿色子像素和至少一个蓝色子像素。所述五个子像素101的其中四个子像素101分布在四个顶角且形状尺寸相同，其中一个子像素101被所述四个子像素101包围，且所述四个子像素101与被所述四个子像素101包围的所述一个子像素101为不同颜色子像素。位于所述像素单元10顶角的任一个子像素101与周围位于其他三个所述像素单元10顶角的各一个所述子像素101形成一个规则图形，在所述规则图形中，所有所述子像素101为同种颜色子像素101且各占1/4图形。所述子像素101均包括阳极、阴极和有机材料发光层(图2至图4中均未标识出)。
需要说明的是，第一，所述五个子像素101中包括至少一个红色子像素、至少一个绿色子像素和至少一个蓝色子像素，例如可以是：所述五个子像素101包括两个红色子像素、两个绿色子像素和一个蓝色子像素；或者包括两个绿色子像素、两个蓝色子像素和一个红色子像素；或者包括两个蓝色子像素、两个红色子像素和一个绿色子像素；或者除上述三种颜色子像素外还可以包括白色子像素，在此情况下，有一种颜色的子像素为两个；或者除上述三种颜色子像素外还可以包括其他两种颜色子像素；具体可根据实际情况进行设定，在此不再赘述。
第二，其中一个子像素101被分布在四个顶角的所述四个子像素101包围，即为：对于该一个子像素101来说，其任一个边与所述四个子像素101中的一个接触，且所述四个子像素101中的每一个均会与该一个子像素101的边接触。在此基础上，所述四个子像素101与被所述四个子像素101包围的一个子像素101为不同颜色子像素，即为：不管位于四个顶角的四个子像素101为何种颜色子像素，上述被包围的一个子像素101与四个子像素101中任一个颜色都不同。在此基础上，对于位于任一个像素单元10顶角的一个子像素101来说，由于其周围只有三个子像素101是位于其他各像素单元10中的，因而这几个子像素101形成的规则图形是无缺口的闭合图形，例如图2中斜线填充的圆形，图3中斜线填充的椭圆形，图4中斜线填充的菱形等。
第三，对于任一个子像素101，其发光原理为：当向阳极和阴极施加工作电压时，阳极中的空穴和阴极中的电子均注入到所述有机材料发光层中；空穴和电子在所述有机材料发光层中相遇，二者复合在一起形成电子-空穴对、并释放出能量；该能量以光的形式发出，经过所述发光层中的不同发光分子而显示为不同颜色的光，并从所述有机材料发光层的两侧均匀的射出。因此，本发明实施例中所指的红色子像素实际上是指从有机材料发光层发出的光的颜色为红色，同理绿色子像素和蓝色子像素，即：红色子像素、绿色子像素、蓝色子像素的区别在于有机材料发光层材料的不同。
第四，根据阳极和阴极材料的不同，可以分为单面发光型和双面发光型OLED显示器件。即：当阳极和阴极中其中一个电极的材料为不透明材料时，所述OLED显示器件为单面发光型；当阳极和阴极的材料均为透明材料和/或半透明时，所述OLED显示器件为双面发光型。对于单面发光型OLED显示器件，根据阳极和阴极的材料的不同，又可以分为顶发光型和底发光型。例如，当阳极靠近衬底基板、阴极远离衬底基板设置，且阳极为透明导电材料，阴极为不透明导电材料时，由于光从衬底基板一侧出射，因此，可以称为底发光型；当阳极为不透明导电材料，阴极为透明或半透明导电材料时，由于光从与衬底基板相对设置的封装层出射，因此，可以称为顶发光型。
第五，本发明所有实施例的附图均示意性的绘示出与发明点有关的图案层，对于与发明点无关的图案层不进行绘示或仅绘示出部分。
本发明实施例提供了一种OLED显示器件，其包括多个像素单元10，每 个所述像素单元10均包括五个子像素101，所述五个子像素101中包括至少一个红色子像素、至少一个绿色子像素和至少一个蓝色子像素。所述五个子像素101的其中四个子像素101分布在四个顶角且形状尺寸相同，其中一个子像素101被所述四个子像素101包围，且所述四个子像素101与被所述四个子像素101包围的所述一个子像素101为不同颜色子像素；位于所述像素单元10顶角的任一个子像素101与周围位于其他三个所述像素单元10顶角的各一个所述子像素101形成一个规则图形，在所述规则图形中，所有所述子像素101为同种颜色子像素101且各占1/4图形；所述子像素101均包括阳极、阴极和有机材料发光层。
由于位于所述像素单元10顶角的任一个所述子像素101与周围位于其他三个所述像素单元10顶角的各一个所述子像素101形成一个规则图形，且该规则图形中的所有子像素101为同种颜色子像素，因此可以使用同一个蒸镀开口来同时蒸镀位于该规则图形中的所有子像素101的有机材料发光层，基于此，对于具有相同有机材料发光层的所有规则图形中的子像素101，使用一个掩模板并使其蒸镀开口与这些规则图形一一对应即可进行蒸镀；在此基础上，对于任一个像素单元10中被位于顶角的所述四个子像素101包围的所述一个子像素101的有机材料发光层的蒸镀，只需使掩模板的遮挡区域为与上述所有规则图形对应的蒸镀开口即可，在此过程中可以使用与上述相反的方法来形成蒸镀开口，而无需考虑该一个子像素101的尺寸。
基于上述，由于可以使用一个蒸镀开口来同时蒸镀位于一个规则图形中的4个子像素101的有机材料发光层，一方面，在与如图1所示的并置像素排列方式具有同等分辨率的情况下，使得蒸镀开口加工难度变小，另一方面，在保证蒸镀开口能达到的最小精度情况下，可以提高分辨率。
在一个实施例中，如图5所示，在所述像素单元10的分布在四个顶角的所述四个子像素101中，任意相对的两个子像素101为同种颜色子像素。因此，对于任一个所述像素单元10的五个子像素101，其可以包括两个红色子像素、两个绿色子像素和一个蓝色子像素；或者包括两个绿色子像素、两个蓝色子像素和一个红色子像素；或者包括两个蓝色子像素、两个红色子像素和一个绿色子像素。这样，采用一个掩模板便可同时蒸镀形成任一个像素单元10中的两个子像素101的有机材料发光层，在此情况下，只需最多采用三 次掩模工艺，即使用最多三个掩模板便可蒸镀形成所有子像素101的有机材料发光层，这使得制作工艺相对简单，并且节省了掩模板的个数。
在至少一个实施例中，如图2和图3所示，所述规则图形为圆形或椭圆形。这样，只需将掩模板的蒸镀开口设置为圆形或椭圆形，即可对具有相同有机材料发光层的所有圆形或椭圆形区域进行蒸镀，从而在每个像素单元10的相同颜色子像素中形成与该颜色子像素对应的有机材料发光层。在此过程中由于一个蒸镀开口对应4个子像素101，使得掩模板的蒸镀开口的制作难度减小，即可以将蒸镀开口制作的相对较大一些。
或者，如图4所示，所述规则图形为菱形。这样，只需将掩模板的蒸镀开口设置为菱形，即可对具有相同有机材料发光层的所有菱形区域进行蒸镀，从而在每个像素单元10的相同颜色子像素中形成与该颜色子像素对应的有机材料发光层。在此过程中由于一个蒸镀开口对应4个子像素，使得掩模板的蒸镀开口的制作难度减小，即可以将蒸镀开口制作的相对较大一些。
在上述基础上，考虑到无源矩阵应用于大尺寸显示器时有其不足的一面，因此，本发明的至少一个实施例提供的OLED显示器件可以为有源矩阵型OLED显示器件，即，如图6所示，所述OLED显示器件的每个子像素101还可以包括薄膜晶体管102，且所述薄膜晶体管102的漏极与所述阳极103电连接。在图6中，有机材料发光层104和阴极105依次位于所述阳极103上方。
所述薄膜晶体管包括栅极、栅绝缘层、半导体有源层、源极和漏极。在此基础上，所述OLED显示器件还包括与所述栅极电连接的栅线、栅线引线(图中未标识出)等，与所述源极电连接的数据线、数据线引线(图中未标识出)等。
需要说明的是，所述薄膜晶体管102可以是顶栅型，也可以是底栅型。此外，考虑到底发光型OLED显示器件的发光面积会受到薄膜晶体管的影响，因此，在本发明的至少一个实施例中，所述OLED显示器件为顶发光型。
本发明的至少一个实施例还提供了一种OLED显示器件的制备方法，所述OLED显示器件包括多个像素单元10，该方法包括如下步骤S101至步骤S103，下面具体介绍这些步骤。
S101、在基板上的每个像素单元10的子像素101区域形成阳极103。
在此步骤中，每个像素单元10均包括五个子像素101，所述五个子像素101中的四个位于顶角处，另一个被位于顶角处的所述四个子像素101包围，且位于四个顶角处的所述四个子像素101形状尺寸相同。
所述五个子像素中包括至少一个红色子像素、至少一个绿色子像素和至少一个蓝色子像素，且分布在四个顶角的所述四个子像素101与被所述四个子像素101包围的一个子像素101为不同颜色子像素。
此外，位于所述像素单元10顶角的任一个所述子像素101与周围位于其他三个所述像素单元10顶角的各一个子像素101形成一个规则图形，在所述规则图形中，所有所述子像素101为同种颜色子像素且各占1/4图形。
这里，所述基板可以是衬底基板，也可以是在衬底基板上形成相应图案层例如薄膜晶体管102的基板。
S102、在形成有所述阳极103的基板上，采用蒸镀方法在每个所述像素单元10的位于四个顶角的四个子像素101和被所述四个子像素101包围的一个子像素101的区域形成有机材料发光层104。
在此步骤中，由于位于所述像素单元10任一个顶角的所述子像素101与周围位于其他三个所述像素单元10顶角的各一个子像素101形成一个规则图形，且在所述规则图形中所有子像素101为同种颜色子像素，因此，对于规则图形中的所有子像素101的有机材料发光层104的蒸镀，可以采用同一个蒸镀开口进行蒸镀。
需要说明的是，根据位于顶角的不同颜色子像素的有机材料发光层材料的不同，每次只对所有规则图形区域的子像素101进行同种有机材料发光层的蒸镀。
同样，对于被位于顶角的所述四个子像素101包围的一个子像素101，也需采用独立的一次蒸镀工艺进行蒸镀。
S103、在形成所述有机材料发光层104的基板上形成阴极105。
本发明实施例提供了一种OLED显示器件的制备方法，所述OLED显示器件包括多个像素单元10，该方法包括：在形成有阳极102的基板上，采用蒸镀方法在每个所述像素单元10的位于四个顶角的四个子像素101和被所述四个子像素101包围的一个子像素101的区域形成有机材料发光层104；在形成所述有机材料发光层104的基板上形成阴极105；所述像素单元10的位 于四个顶角的所述四个子像素101形状尺寸相同；位于所述像素单元10顶角的任一个子像素101与周围位于其他三个所述像素单元10顶角的各一个所述子像素101形成一个规则图形，在所述规则图形中，所有所述子像素101为同种颜色子像素且各占1/4图形；在所述像素单元10的五个所述子像素101中包括至少一个红色子像素、至少一个绿色子像素和至少一个蓝色子像素，且分布在四个顶角的所述四个子像素101与被所述四个子像素101包围的一个子像素101为不同颜色子像素。
由于位于所述像素单元10顶角的任一个所述子像素101与周围位于其他三个所述像素单元10顶角的各一个所述子像素101形成一个规则图形，且该规则图形中的所有子像素101为同种颜色子像素，因此可以使用同一个蒸镀开口来同时蒸镀位于该规则图形中的所有子像素101的有机材料发光层104，基于此，对于具有相同有机材料发光层104的所有规则图形中的子像素101，使用一个掩模板并使其蒸镀开口与这些规则图形一一对应即可进行蒸镀；在此基础上，对于任一个像素单元10中被位于顶角的所述四个子像素101包围的所述一个子像素101的有机材料发光层104的蒸镀，只需使掩模板的遮挡区域为与上述所有规则图形对应的蒸镀开口即可，在此过程中可以使用与上述相反的方法来形成蒸镀开口，而无需考虑该一个子像素101的尺寸。
基于上述，由于可以使用一个蒸镀开口来同时蒸镀位于一个规则图形中的4个子像素101的有机材料发光层104，一方面，在与如图1所示的并置像素排列方式具有同等分辨率的情况下，使得蒸镀开口加工难度变小，另一方面，在保证蒸镀开口能达到的最小精度情况下，可以提高分辨率。
在一个实施例中，在所述像素单元10的位于四个顶角的所述四个子像素101中，任意相对的两个子像素101的有机材料发光层104为相同材料。因此，对于任一个所述像素单元10的五个子像素，其可以包括两个红色子像素、两个绿色子像素和一个蓝色子像素；或者包括两个绿色子像素、两个蓝色子像素和一个红色子像素；或者包括两个蓝色子像素、两个红色子像素和一个绿色子像素。这样，采用一个掩模板便可同时蒸镀形成任一个像素单元10中的两个子像素101的有机材料发光层104，在此情况下，只需最多采用三次掩模工艺，即使用最多三个掩模板便可蒸镀形成所有子像素101的有机材料发光层104，这使得制作工艺相对简单，并且节省了掩模板的个数。
在此基础上，对于S102，例如可以通过如下步骤S201至步骤S203所述的方式实现，下面具体介绍这些步骤。
S201、如图7所示，在形成有所述阳极103的基板上，可以使第一掩模板的第一蒸镀开口与位于任一个所述像素单元10顶角的第一子像素101a和所述第一子像素101a周围位于其他三个所述像素单元10顶角的各一个子像素101对位，蒸镀第一有机材料发光层。
所述第一子像素101a为所述像素单元10中位于相对顶角的子像素101。这里，所述第一子像素101a例如为红色子像素。
S202、如图8所示，移动所述第一掩模板，使所述第一蒸镀开口与位于任一个所述像素单元10顶角的第二子像素101b和所述第二子像素101b周围位于其他三个所述像素单元10顶角的各一个子像素101对位，蒸镀第二有机材料发光层。
所述第二子像素101b为所述像素单元10中除所述第一子像素101a外且位于相对顶角的子像素101。这里，所述第二子像素101b例如为绿色子像素。
S203、如图9所示，可以使第二掩模板的第二蒸镀开口与位于任一个所述像素单元10中被所述第一子像素101a和所述第二子像素101b包围的第三子像素101c对位，蒸镀第三有机材料发光层。这里，所述第三子像素101c例如为蓝色子像素。
需要说明的是，不对上述三个步骤的顺序进行限定。并且，上述实施例仅是以第一子像素、第二子像素和第三子像素分别为红色子像素、绿色子像素和蓝色子像素为例进行说明，但本发明实施例不限于此。在至少一个实施例中，所述第一子像素、第二子像素和第三子像素可以互为红色子像素、绿色子像素和蓝色子像素，即第一子像素、第二子像素和第三子像素的颜色可以为红、绿、蓝这三种颜色的任意组合，例如红蓝绿、绿红蓝、蓝红绿等。
在至少一个实施例中，所述第一蒸镀开口为圆形或椭圆形。或者，所述第一蒸镀开口为菱形。
在上述基础上，考虑到无源矩阵应用于大尺寸显示器时有其不足的一面，本发明的至少一个实施例提供的OLED显示器件可以为有源矩阵型OLED显示器件，即，参考图6所示，所述方法还可以包括在每个所述子像素101中形成薄膜晶体管102，且所述薄膜晶体管102的漏极与所述阳极103电连接。 在图6中，有机材料发光层104和阴极105依次位于所述阳极103上方。
本发明的至少一个实施例还提供了一种OLED显示器件蒸镀用掩模板，通过该掩模板便可以蒸镀形成例如位于上述第一子像素101a区域的第一有机材料发光层，当然也可以蒸镀形成例如位于上述第二子像素101b区域的第二有机材料发光层。
如图10a或10b所示，该掩模板包括：第一掩模板本体20和设置在所述第一掩模板本体20上的第一蒸镀开口201，所述第一蒸镀开口201为圆形或椭圆形。
例如，所述第一蒸镀开口201成行间隔排列；在任意一行通过所有所述第一蒸镀开口201圆心的第一方向上，任意相邻的两个所述第一蒸镀开口201的距离L1等于两个所述第一蒸镀开口201在所述第一方向的直径；在任意一列通过所有所述第一蒸镀开口201圆心的第二方向上，任意相邻的两个所述第一蒸镀开口201的距离L2等于两个所述第一蒸镀开口201在所述第二方向的直径。
这样，通过该掩模板并使其第一蒸镀开口201与位于所述像素单元10顶角的任一个所述子像素101与周围位于其他三个所述像素单元10顶角的各一个所述子像素101形成的规则图形一一对应，即可进行相应有机材料发光层的蒸镀。
本发明实施例提供的掩模板一方面，在与如图1所示的并置像素排列方式具有同等分辨率的情况下，使得蒸镀开口加工难度变小，另一方面，在保证蒸镀开口能达到的最小精度情况下，可以提高分辨率。
本发明的至少一个实施例还提供了另一种OLED显示器件蒸镀用掩模板，通过该掩模板便可以蒸镀形成例如位于上述第三子像素101c区域的第三有机材料发光层。
如图11a和图11b所示，该掩模板包括：第二掩模板本体30和设置在所述第二掩模板本体30上的第二蒸镀开口301，所述掩模板本体30上除所述第二蒸镀开口301的部分包括多个遮挡区域302，每个所述遮挡区域302为圆形或椭圆形，且所述第二蒸镀开口301为被所述遮挡区域302间隔出的部分。
在行或列方向上，任意相邻的两个所述遮挡区域302相切；位于任一行 或任一列上的所有所述遮挡区域302的圆心在一条直线上。
这样，通过该掩模板并使其遮挡区域302与位于所述像素单元10顶角的任一个所述子像素101与周围位于其他三个所述像素单元10顶角的各一个所述子像素101形成的规则图形一一对应，即可对任一个像素单元10中被位于顶角的所述四个子像素101包围的所述一个子像素101的有机材料发光层进行蒸镀。
需要说明的是，与上述第一蒸镀开口201为圆形或椭圆形相比，本发明实施例中只需采用与上述相反的方法便可以制备形成所述遮挡区域302为圆形或椭圆形，从而形成被圆形或椭圆形间隔出的第二蒸镀开口301。
本发明实施例提供的掩模板一方面，在与如图1所示的并置像素排列方式具有同等分辨率的情况下，使得蒸镀开口加工难度变小，另一方面，在保证蒸镀开口能达到的最小精度情况下，可以提高分辨率。
本发明的至少一个实施例还提供了一种显示装置，其包括上述任一实施例提供的OLED显示器件。该显示装置可以为：电子纸、OLED面板、手机、平板电脑、电视机、显示器、笔记本电脑、数码相框、导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。
本申请要求于2014年7月9日递交的中国专利申请第201410324701.0号的优先权，在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本申请的一部分。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种OLED显示器件，包括多个像素单元，其中，
    每个所述像素单元均包括五个子像素，所述五个子像素中包括至少一个红色子像素、至少一个绿色子像素和至少一个蓝色子像素；
    所述五个子像素的其中四个子像素分布在四个顶角且形状尺寸相同，其中一个子像素被所述四个子像素包围，且所述四个子像素与被所述四个子像素包围的所述一个子像素为不同颜色子像素；
    位于所述像素单元顶角的任一个子像素与周围位于其他三个所述像素单元顶角的各一个所述子像素形成一个规则图形，在所述规则图形中，所有所述子像素为同种颜色子像素且各占1/4图形；
    所述子像素均包括阳极、阴极和有机材料发光层。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的OLED显示器件，其中，在所述像素单元的分布在四个顶角的所述四个子像素中，任意相对的两个子像素为同种颜色子像素。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的OLED显示器件，其中，所述规则图形为圆形或椭圆形。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的OLED显示器件，其中，所述规则图形为菱形。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一所述的OLED显示器件，其中，所述子像素还包括薄膜晶体管，且所述薄膜晶体管的漏极与所述阳极电连接。
  6. 一种OLED显示器件的制备方法，其中，所述OLED显示器件包括多个像素单元，所述方法包括：
    在形成有阳极的基板上，采用蒸镀方法在每个所述像素单元的位于四个顶角的四个子像素和被所述四个子像素包围的一个子像素的区域形成有机材料发光层；
    在形成所述有机材料发光层的基板上形成阴极；
    其中，所述像素单元的位于四个顶角的所述四个子像素形状尺寸相同；
    位于所述像素单元顶角的任一个子像素与周围位于其他三个所述像素单元顶角的各一个所述子像素形成一个规则图形，在所述规则图形中，所有所 述子像素为同种颜色子像素且各占1/4图形；
    在所述像素单元的五个子像素中包括至少一个红色子像素、至少一个绿色子像素和至少一个蓝色子像素，且分布在四个顶角的所述四个子像素与被所述四个子像素包围的一个子像素为不同颜色子像素。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其中，在所述像素单元的位于四个顶角的所述四个子像素中，任意相对的两个子像素的有机材料发光层为相同材料。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其中，
    使第一掩模板的第一蒸镀开口与位于任一个所述像素单元顶角的第一子像素和所述第一子像素周围位于其他三个所述像素单元顶角的各一个子像素对位，蒸镀第一有机材料发光层；其中，所述第一子像素为所述像素单元中位于相对顶角的子像素；
    移动所述第一掩模板，使所述第一蒸镀开口与位于任一个所述像素单元顶角的第二子像素和所述第二子像素周围位于其他三个所述像素单元顶角的各一个子像素对位，蒸镀第二有机材料发光层；其中，所述第二子像素为所述像素单元中除所述第一子像素外且位于相对顶角的子像素；
    使第二掩模板的第二蒸镀开口与位于任一个所述像素单元中被所述第一子像素和所述第二子像素包围的第三子像素对位，蒸镀第三有机材料发光层。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中，所述第一子像素、第二子像素和第三子像素互为红色子像素、绿色子像素和蓝色子像素。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的方法，其中，所述第一蒸镀开口为圆形或椭圆形。
  11. 根据权利要求8或9所述的方法，其中，所述第一蒸镀开口为菱形。
  12. 根据权利要求6-11任一项所述的方法，还包括：在每个所述子像素中形成薄膜晶体管，且所述薄膜晶体管的漏极与所述阳极电连接。
  13. 一种OLED显示器件蒸镀用掩模板，包括第一掩模板本体和设置在所述第一掩模板本体上的第一蒸镀开口，其中，所述第一蒸镀开口为圆形或椭圆形；
    所述第一蒸镀开口成行间隔排列；
    在任意一行通过所有所述第一蒸镀开口圆心的第一方向上，任意相邻的两个所述第一蒸镀开口的距离等于两个所述第一蒸镀开口在所述第一方向的 直径；
    在任意一列通过所有所述第一蒸镀开口圆心的第二方向上，任意相邻的两个所述第一蒸镀开口的距离等于两个所述第一蒸镀开口在所述第二方向的直径。
  14. 一种OLED显示器件蒸镀用掩模板，包括第二掩模板本体和设置在所述第二掩模板本体上的第二蒸镀开口，其中，所述掩模板本体上除所述第二蒸镀开口的部分包括多个遮挡区域，每个所述遮挡区域为圆形或椭圆形，且所述第二蒸镀开口为被所述遮挡区域间隔出的部分；
    在行或列方向上，任意相邻的两个所述遮挡区域相切；
    位于任一行或任一列上的所有所述遮挡区域的圆心在一条直线上。
  15. 一种显示装置，包括如权利要求1-5任一所述的OLED显示器件。
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