WO2015196896A1 - 对焦状态的提示方法和拍摄装置 - Google Patents

对焦状态的提示方法和拍摄装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015196896A1
WO2015196896A1 PCT/CN2015/080358 CN2015080358W WO2015196896A1 WO 2015196896 A1 WO2015196896 A1 WO 2015196896A1 CN 2015080358 W CN2015080358 W CN 2015080358W WO 2015196896 A1 WO2015196896 A1 WO 2015196896A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
edge
pixel
area
preview interface
edge detection
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PCT/CN2015/080358
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵蕴泽
苗雷
崔小辉
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努比亚技术有限公司
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Application filed by 努比亚技术有限公司 filed Critical 努比亚技术有限公司
Priority to US15/322,287 priority Critical patent/US10356308B2/en
Priority to EP15811809.1A priority patent/EP3148179A4/en
Publication of WO2015196896A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015196896A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/10—Segmentation; Edge detection
    • G06T7/13—Edge detection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/63—Control of cameras or camera modules by using electronic viewfinders
    • H04N23/633—Control of cameras or camera modules by using electronic viewfinders for displaying additional information relating to control or operation of the camera
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/64—Computer-aided capture of images, e.g. transfer from script file into camera, check of taken image quality, advice or proposal for image composition or decision on when to take image
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/67—Focus control based on electronic image sensor signals

Definitions

  • This document relates to the field of camera technology, and in particular to a method and a camera for prompting a focus state.
  • the touch panel when the photographing device performs photographing, the touch panel can be focused during the preview preview, or continuous autofocus can be turned on, and when the photographing is completed, the photograph with better effect can be photographed.
  • the related art camera cannot prompt the user after the focus is completed, and the user can judge the current focus state by himself. For the average user, in many cases, it is difficult to accurately determine whether the current focus is completed. If the focus is taken before the focus is completed, the shooting will be poor. If you wait for a long time to ensure the focus is completed, Affects shooting speed, especially under some snap shot scenes. Therefore, the user experience is not good.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a prompting method and a photographing device for a focus state, which can promptly and accurately perform a focus state prompt, and improve a shooting speed and a shooting effect.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for prompting a focus state, including the steps of:
  • edge detection algorithm to detect whether there is a clear area in the preview interface
  • the detecting, by using the edge detection algorithm, whether there is a clear area in the preview interface includes:
  • the pixel point is used as an edge pixel point
  • the area defined by the plurality of edge pixel points is identified as a clear area of the picture.
  • the calculating, by using the edge detection algorithm, the grayscale change value of the region where each pixel in the preview interface is located includes:
  • all the pixels in the preview interface are traversed to calculate the grayscale change value of the region where each pixel in the preview interface is located.
  • the prompting focus completion comprises: marking an edge of the clear area of the picture with a distinguishing color to prompt the focus to be completed.
  • the marking the edge of the clear area of the picture by using a distinguishing color comprises: deepening or reducing the color of the edge of the clear area of the picture to distinguish from the surrounding area, or replacing the edge of the clear area of the picture. A color that is different from the surrounding area.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a photographing device, comprising an edge detecting module and a prompting module, wherein:
  • the edge detection module is configured to detect whether there is a clear area in the preview interface by using an edge detection algorithm, and if yes, send a signal to the prompting module;
  • the prompting module is configured to prompt the user to complete the focusing according to the signal sent by the edge detecting module.
  • the edge detection module is configured to:
  • the pixel point is used as an edge pixel point
  • the area defined by the plurality of edge pixel points is identified as a clear area of the picture.
  • the edge detection module calculates an image in the preview interface by using an edge detection algorithm.
  • the value of the grayscale change in the area where the prime point is located including:
  • the edge detection module calculates a gray value of a plurality of pixel points around any pixel in the preview interface, and the area formed by the pixel point and the plurality of pixel points around the pixel is the area where the pixel is located. ;
  • the edge detecting module calculates an gradation change value of the region where the any pixel point is located by using an edge detection algorithm according to the gradation value;
  • the edge detection module traverses all the pixels in the preview interface to calculate the grayscale change value of the region where each pixel in the preview interface is located.
  • the prompting module is configured to: mark an edge of the clear area of the picture with a distinguishing color to prompt the focus to be completed.
  • the prompting module marks the edge of the clear area of the picture by using a distinguishing color, including: the prompting module deepens or reduces the color of the edge of the clear area of the picture to distinguish it from the surrounding area, or The edges of the clear areas of the picture change a color that is different from the surrounding area.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a computer readable storage medium storing program instructions, which can be implemented when the program instructions are executed.
  • a method for prompting a focus state in the focusing process, using an edge detection algorithm to perform edge detection on the preview interface, and determining, according to the detection result, whether there is a clear area in the preview interface, and if there is a clear area of the picture, Then it is determined that the focus is completed, and the user is prompted by a sound reminder, a light reminder, a color outline, and the like. This allows the user to shoot immediately after the focus is completed, which not only improves the shooting speed but also ensures the shooting effect and enhances the user experience. At the same time, the accuracy of the focus state is determined by performing edge detection on the preview interface.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing a method for prompting an in-focus state according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for prompting a focus state according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a block diagram showing the structure of a photographing apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a view showing the main electrical configuration of a photographing apparatus of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • the edge detection algorithm performs edge detection on the preview interface during the shooting process, and determines whether there is a clear area in the preview interface according to the detection result, and if there is a clear area of the image, the focus is completed. And promptly prompt the user, the user can shoot after receiving the prompt, which can achieve fast shooting, and can take better photos.
  • the edge detection algorithm may be a Sobel operator, a Prewitt operation, or a Roberts Cross operator. The flow is as shown in the following examples.
  • this embodiment provides a method for prompting a focus state, including the following steps:
  • Step S10 using an edge detection algorithm to detect whether there is a clear area in the preview interface
  • step S11 if it is detected that there is a clear area in the preview interface, the focus is completed.
  • the edge detection algorithm is used to detect the edge of the preview interface. According to the detection result, it is judged whether there is a clear area in the preview interface. If there is a clear area of the picture, the focus is completed, and the sound is reminded, the light is reminded, and the color is outlined. Wait for the user to prompt. This allows the user to shoot immediately after the focus is completed, which not only improves the shooting speed but also ensures the shooting effect and enhances the user experience. At the same time, the accuracy of the focus state is determined by performing edge detection on the preview interface.
  • Embodiment 2 of the present invention a method for prompting a focus state according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention is proposed based on Embodiment 1.
  • the method for prompting the focus state includes the following steps:
  • Step S101 start focusing
  • Step S102 calculating, by using an edge detection algorithm, a gray level change value of a region where each pixel point in the preview interface is located;
  • the gray value of a plurality of pixel points around or near a pixel point M in the preview interface is calculated, and the area formed by the pixel point M and a plurality of pixel points around the pixel is the area where the pixel point M is located;
  • the edge value detection algorithm calculates the horizontal gray value change value and the vertical gray level change value of the region where the pixel point M is located, and then calculates the area where the pixel point M is located according to the horizontal gray level change value and the vertical gray level change value.
  • Grayscale change value Accordingly, all the pixels in the preview interface are traversed to calculate the grayscale variation value of the region where each pixel in the preview interface is located.
  • Sobel edge detection algorithm suppose the coordinate value of pixel point A is (x, y), and its gray value function expression is f(x, y).
  • the Sobel convolution factor can be used to convolve the pixel point A and the eight points adjacent to the top, bottom, left and right of the surrounding area to obtain the gray level change of the area composed of the pixel A and the surrounding eight pixels. value.
  • Gx (-1)*f(x-1,y-1)+0*f(x,y-1)+1*f(x+1,y-1)+(-2)*f(x -1,y)+0*f(x,y)+2*f(x+1,y)+(-1)*f(x-1,y+1)+0*f(x,y+ 1) +1*f(x+1, y+1)
  • the calculation method of the longitudinal grayscale change value Gy is as follows:
  • Gy 1*f(x-1,y-1)+2*f(x,y-1)+1*f(x+1,y-1)+0*f(x-1,y)+ 0*f(x,y)+0*f(x+1,y)+(-1)*f(x-1,y+1)+(-2)*f(x,y+1)+ (-1)*f(x+1,y+1)
  • f(a, b) represents the gradation value of the pixel of the coordinate (a, b).
  • the grayscale variation value G of the region where the pixel point A is located is calculated:
  • Step S103 determining whether the gray level change value corresponding to the pixel point is greater than a preset threshold
  • step S103 If the grayscale change value G of the region where the pixel is located is greater than the preset threshold, the process proceeds to step S103; if not, the pixel is determined to be a non-edge pixel, and if all the pixels in the preview interface are non-edge pixels, Then it is determined that there is no clear area in the preview interface, that is, the focus has not been completed yet.
  • Step S104 using the pixel as an edge pixel
  • the pixel point is used as the edge pixel point.
  • Step S105 Identify an area defined by the plurality of edge pixel points as a clear area of the picture
  • the area within the ring shape is identified as a clear area of the picture, and the focus is determined to be completed.
  • the ring shape may be a circle, a square, an irregular shape, or the like.
  • edge pixels in the preview interface although there are edge pixels in the preview interface, but the number of edge pixels is less than a preset value, or the edge pixels are not circularly distributed, it is still determined that there is no clear area in the preview interface, and the focus is not completed.
  • Step S106 prompting that the focus is completed.
  • the prompt tone is prompted. It can also be illuminated by light, such as when the indicator light is illuminated by a certain color, or the indicator light flashes.
  • the edge of the clear area of the picture may be marked with a distinguishing color to prompt the completion of the focus, that is, each edge pixel of the clear area of the picture is marked with a distinguishing color.
  • the distinguishing color refers to a color that is different from the surrounding or nearby area, such as: deepening or lightening the color of the edge of the clear area to distinguish it from the surrounding area, or replacing the edge of the clear area with a surrounding area. The difference in color.
  • the color annotation can be processed by the GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), where the shader is used, and the shader can be understood as the instruction and data running in the GPU.
  • the complete shader includes a vertex shader and a fragment shader.
  • the most basic task of the vertex shader is to receive the coordinates of the points in the three-dimensional space, process them into coordinates in the two-dimensional space and output them; the fragment shader is the most The basic task is to output a color value for each pixel on the screen that needs to be processed.
  • the process of converting the point coordinates in the two-dimensional space output by the vertex shader into pixels to be processed and passing them to the fragment shader is called primitive rasterization. Edge pixels are output in a specified manner (such as deepening, lightening, or better color) or a specified color, and other pixels are output according to the original acquired color value.
  • edge detection can be performed using the Prewitt operation and the Roberts Cross operator to detect whether there is a clear area in the preview interface. Focus is complete.
  • the convolution factor of the Plitette edge detection algorithm is:
  • the convolution factor for the Roberts cross-edge detection algorithm is:
  • the method for prompting the in-focus state of the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the following scenarios: 1 determining the in-focus state by the edge detection algorithm after the touch panel is in focus; 2 determining the in-focus state by the edge detection algorithm during the manual focusing process; 3 presetting an ideal focal length
  • the edge detection algorithm is used to quickly determine whether the object is in a plane of focus.
  • an edge detection algorithm is used to perform edge detection on the preview interface, and according to the detection result, it is determined whether there is a clear area in the preview interface, and if there is a clear area, the focus is determined to be completed. And prompt the user by means of sound reminder, light reminder, color sketching, etc. This allows the user to shoot immediately after the focus is completed, which improves the shooting speed and ensures the shooting effect. At the same time, the accuracy of the focus state is determined by performing edge detection on the preview interface.
  • an imaging apparatus including an edge detection module 21 and a prompting module 22, wherein:
  • the edge detection module 21 is configured to detect whether there is a clear area in the preview interface by using an edge detection algorithm, and if so, send a signal to the prompting module 22.
  • the edge detection module 21 uses the edge detection algorithm to calculate the gray level change value of the region where each pixel point in the preview interface is located; if the gray level change value corresponding to the pixel point is greater than the preset threshold, the pixel point is used as the edge pixel. Point; the area defined by the plurality of edge pixels is identified as a clear area of the picture, and the focus is determined to be completed.
  • the edge detection module 21 may perform edge detection using a Sobel edge detection algorithm, a Privette edge detection algorithm, or a Roberts cross edge detection algorithm to obtain a grayscale variation value of a region where each pixel is located.
  • the edge detection module 21 first calculates a gray value of a plurality of pixel points around a pixel point M in the preview interface, and the area composed of the pixel point M and a plurality of pixel points around the pixel is the pixel. The area where the point M is located; then, according to the gray value, the edge detection algorithm is used to calculate the gray value of the area where the pixel M is located; accordingly, all the pixels in the preview interface are traversed to calculate each pixel in the preview interface. The value of the grayscale change in the area.
  • the edge detection module 21 determines the clear area of the screen
  • the area defined by the plurality of edge pixel points distributed in a ring shape may be selected as a clear area, and the ring may be a circle, a square, an irregular shape, or the like. If all the pixels in the preview interface are non-edge pixels, or if there are edge pixels in the preview interface, but the number of edge pixels is less than the preset value, or the edge pixels are not circularly distributed; There is no clear area of the picture, that is, it is determined that the focus has not been completed yet.
  • the prompting module 22 is configured to prompt the user to complete the focusing according to the signal sent by the edge detecting module 21.
  • the prompting module 22 can prompt the voice, such as the voice prompt "focus completion", and issue a "beep” or “beep” prompt tone to prompt. It can also be illuminated by light, such as when the indicator light is illuminated by a certain color, or the indicator light flashes.
  • the prompting module 22 may use the difference color to mark the edge of the clear area of the screen to prompt the focus to be completed, that is, use the distinguishing color to mark each edge pixel of the clear area of the picture.
  • the distinguishing color refers to a color that is different from the surrounding or nearby area, such as: deepening or lightening the color of the edge of the clear area to distinguish it from the surrounding area, or replacing the edge of the clear area with a surrounding area.
  • the difference in color refers to a color that is different from the surrounding or nearby area, such as: deepening or lightening the color of the edge of the clear area to distinguish it from the surrounding area, or replacing the edge of the clear area with a surrounding area.
  • the photographing apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention performs edge detection on the preview interface by using an edge detection algorithm during the focusing process, and determines whether there is a clear area in the preview interface according to the detection result, and if there is a clear area of the screen, the focus is completed. And prompt the user by means of sound reminder, light reminder, color sketching, etc. This allows the user to shoot immediately after the focus is completed, which improves the shooting speed and ensures the shooting effect. At the same time, the accuracy of the focus state is determined by performing edge detection on the preview interface.
  • the imaging device provided in the above embodiment is only exemplified by the division of the above-mentioned functional modules when the focus state is presented. In actual applications, the above-mentioned function assignment can be completed by different functional modules as needed.
  • the imaging device provided by the foregoing embodiment is the same as the embodiment of the method for prompting the in-focus state, and the implementation process thereof is described in detail in the method embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • Fig. 4 is a block diagram showing a main electrical configuration of an image pickup apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the lens 101 is composed of a plurality of optical lenses for forming an object image, and may be a single focus lens or a zoom lens.
  • the lens 101 is movable in the optical axis direction by the lens driver 111, and controls the focus position of the lens 101 in accordance with a control signal from the lens drive control circuit 112, and also controls the focus distance in the case of the zoom lens.
  • the lens drive control circuit 112 performs drive control of the lens driver 111 in accordance with a control command from the microcomputer 107.
  • an imaging element 102 is disposed in the vicinity of a position at which the subject image is formed by the lens 101.
  • the imaging element 102 functions as a method of capturing an image of a subject and acquiring an image signal.
  • Photodiodes constituting each pixel are two-dimensionally arranged in a matrix on the imaging element 102.
  • the photodiode generates a photoelectric conversion current corresponding to the amount of received light, and the photoelectric conversion current is charged by a capacitor connected to the photodiode.
  • the front surface of each pixel is provided with a Bayer-arranged RGB (Red Green Blue) color filter.
  • the imaging element 102 is connected to the imaging circuit 103.
  • the imaging circuit 103 performs charge accumulation control and image signal readout control in the imaging element 102, and performs waveform shaping after reducing the reset noise of the read image signal (analog image signal). Further, gain improvement or the like is performed to obtain an appropriate signal level.
  • the imaging circuit 103 is connected to an A/D (Analog-to-Digital) conversion unit 104 that performs analog-to-digital conversion on an analog image signal and outputs a digital image signal (hereinafter referred to as image data) to the bus 199.
  • A/D Analog-to-Digital
  • the bus 199 is a transmission path that is set to transmit a variety of data read or generated inside the photographing device.
  • the A/D conversion unit 104 is connected to the bus 199, and an image processor 105, a JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) processor 106, a microcomputer 107, and a SDRAM (Synchronous DRAM) are connected.
  • a memory 108, a memory interface 109, and an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) driver 110 is a transmission path that is set to transmit a variety of data read or generated inside the photographing device.
  • the A/D conversion unit 104 is connected to the bus 199, and an image processor 105, a JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) processor 106, a microcomputer 107, and a SDRAM (Synchronous DRAM) are connected.
  • a memory 108, a memory interface 109, and an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) driver 110 is a transmission path that is set to transmit
  • the image processor 105 performs image processing on image data based on the output of the imaging element 102, the image processing including one or more of the following processes: OB subtraction processing, white balance adjustment, color Matrix operation, gamma conversion, color difference signal processing, noise removal processing, simultaneous processing, edge processing.
  • the JPEG processor 106 compresses the image data read out from the SDRAM 108 in accordance with the JPEG compression method. Further, the JPEG processor 106 performs decompression of JPEG image data for image reproduction display. At the time of decompression, the file recorded on the recording medium 115 is read, and after the compression processing is performed in the JPEG processor 106, the decompressed image data is temporarily stored in the SDRAM 108 and displayed on the LCD 116.
  • the JPEG method is adopted as the image compression and decompression method.
  • the compression and decompression method is not limited thereto. Of course, MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group) and TIFF (Tagged Image File) can be used. Format, label image file format), other compression and decompression methods such as H.264.
  • the microcomputer 107 functions as a control unit of the entire imaging device, and collectively controls various processing sequences of the imaging device.
  • the microcomputer 107 is connected to the operation unit 113 and the flash memory 114.
  • the operation unit 113 includes, but is not limited to, a physical button or a virtual button, detects an operation state of the entity or the virtual button, and outputs the detection result to the microcomputer 107. Further, a touch panel is provided on the front surface of the LCD 116 as a display portion, and the touch position of the user is detected, and the touch position is output to the microcomputer 107. The microcomputer 107 executes a processing sequence corresponding to the user's operation based on the detection result of the button from the operation unit 113.
  • the flash memory 114 stores programs for executing various processing sequences of the microcomputer 107.
  • the program flow executed by the microcomputer 107 is the method steps S10-S11 in the above embodiment, and steps S101-S105.
  • the microcomputer 107 performs overall control of the imaging device in accordance with the program. Further, the flash memory 114 stores various adjustment values of the imaging device, and the microcomputer 107 reads the adjustment value, and controls the imaging device in accordance with the adjustment value.
  • the SDRAM 108 is an electrically rewritable volatile memory that is set to temporarily store image data or the like.
  • the SDRAM 108 temporarily stores image data output from the A/D conversion unit 104 and image data processed in the image processor 105, the JPEG processor 106, and the like.
  • the memory interface 109 is connected to the recording medium 115, and performs control for writing image data and a file header attached to the image data to the recording medium 115 and reading from the recording medium 115.
  • the recording medium 115 is, for example, a recording medium such as a memory card that can be detachably attached to the main body of the image pickup apparatus. It may also be a hard disk or the like built in the main body of the imaging device.
  • the LCD driver 110 is connected to the LCD 116, and stores image data processed by the image processor 105 in the SDRAM.
  • the image data stored in the SDRAM is read and displayed on the LCD 116, or the image data stored in the JPEG processor 106 is compressed.
  • the JPEG processor 106 reads the compressed image data of the SDRAM, decompresses it, and displays the decompressed image data on the LCD 116.
  • the LCD 116 is disposed on the back surface of the main body of the imaging device or the like to perform image display.
  • the LCD 116 is provided with a touch panel that detects a user's touch operation.
  • a liquid crystal display panel LCD 116 is disposed in the present embodiment, and another display panel such as an organic EL (Electronic Illumination) may be used.
  • an edge detection algorithm is used to perform edge detection on the preview interface, and according to the detection result, it is determined whether there is a clear area in the preview interface, and if there is a clear area, the focus is determined to be completed. And prompt the user by means of sound reminder, light reminder, color sketching, etc. This allows the user to shoot immediately after the focus is completed, which improves the shooting speed and ensures the shooting effect. At the same time, the accuracy of the focus state is determined by performing edge detection on the preview interface.

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Abstract

一种对焦状态的提示方法和拍摄装置，所述方法包括步骤：利用边缘检测算法检测预览界面中是否有画面清晰区域；若是，则提示对焦完成。

Description

对焦状态的提示方法和拍摄装置 技术领域
本文涉及摄像技术领域，尤其是涉及一种对焦状态的提示方法和拍摄装置。
背景技术
相关技术中，拍摄装置在进行拍摄时，可在取景预览时触屏对焦，或者开启连续自动对焦，当对焦完成后再进行拍摄，就能拍摄出效果较佳的照片。然而，相关技术的拍摄装置在对焦完成后不能提示用户，用户只能自己判断当前的对焦状态。对于一般用户而言，在很多情况下，很难准确判断当前对焦是否完成，若在对焦完成之前就进行拍摄，会导致拍摄效果不佳；若通过等待较长的时间来确保对焦完成，又会影响拍摄速度，特别是在一些抓拍场景之下。因此，用户体验不佳。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种对焦状态的提示方法和拍摄装置，能够快速、准确的进行对焦状态提示，提高拍摄速度和拍摄效果。
本发明实施例提供一种对焦状态的提示方法，包括步骤：
利用边缘检测算法检测预览界面中是否有画面清晰区域；
若是，则提示对焦完成。
可选地，所述利用边缘检测算法检测预览界面中是否有画面清晰区域包括：
利用边缘检测算法计算出预览界面中每一像素点所在区域的灰度变化值；
若所述像素点所对应的灰度变化值大于预设阈值，则将该像素点作为边缘像素点；
将多个所述边缘像素点所限定的区域认定为画面清晰区域。
可选地，所述利用边缘检测算法计算出预览界面中每一像素点所在区域的灰度变化值包括：
计算出预览界面中任一像素点周围多个像素点的灰度值，所述任一像素点及其周围多个像素点所组成的区域为所述任一像素点所在区域；
根据所述灰度值，利用边缘检测算法计算出所述任一像素点所在区域的灰度变化值；
据此遍历预览界面中的所有像素点，以计算出预览界面中每一像素点所在区域的灰度变化值。
可选地，所述提示对焦完成包括：利用区别颜色标注出所述画面清晰区域的边缘，以提示对焦完成。
可选地，所述利用区别颜色标注出所述画面清晰区域的边缘包括：加深或减浅所述画面清晰区域边缘的颜色以与周围区域相区别，或为所述画面清晰区域的边缘更换一种与周围区域相区别的颜色。
本发明实施例还提供一种拍摄装置，包括边缘检测模块和提示模块，其中：
所述边缘检测模块，设置为利用边缘检测算法检测预览界面中是否有画面清晰区域，若是，则向所述提示模块发送信号；
所述提示模块，设置为根据所述边缘检测模块发送的信号向用户提示对焦完成。
可选地，所述边缘检测模块是设置为：
利用边缘检测算法计算出预览界面中每一像素点所在区域的灰度变化值；
若所述像素点所对应的灰度变化值大于预设阈值，则将该像素点作为边缘像素点；
将多个所述边缘像素点所限定的区域认定为画面清晰区域。
可选地，所述边缘检测模块利用边缘检测算法计算出预览界面中每一像 素点所在区域的灰度变化值，包括：
所述边缘检测模块计算出预览界面中任一像素点周围多个像素点的灰度值，所述任一像素点及其周围多个像素点所组成的区域为所述任一像素点所在区域；
所述边缘检测模块根据所述灰度值，利用边缘检测算法计算出所述任一像素点所在区域的灰度变化值；
据此所述边缘检测模块遍历预览界面中的所有像素点，以计算出预览界面中每一像素点所在区域的灰度变化值。
可选地，所述提示模块是设置为：利用区别颜色标注出所述画面清晰区域的边缘，以提示对焦完成。
可选地，所述提示模块利用区别颜色标注出所述画面清晰区域的边缘，包括：所述提示模块加深或减浅所述画面清晰区域边缘的颜色以与周围区域相区别，或为所述画面清晰区域的边缘更换一种与周围区域相区别的颜色。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有程序指令，当该程序指令被执行时可实现上述方法。
本发明实施例所提供的一种对焦状态的提示方法，在对焦过程中，利用边缘检测算法对预览界面进行边缘检测，根据检测结果判断预览界面中是否有画面清晰区域，若有画面清晰区域，则确定对焦完成，并通过声音提醒、灯光提醒、颜色勾勒等方式向用户进行提示。使得用户可以在对焦完成后马上进行拍摄，既提高了拍摄速度又保证了拍摄效果，提升了用户体验。同时，通过对预览界面进行边缘检测来判断对焦状态的准确率更高。
附图概述
图1是本发明实施例1对焦状态的提示方法流程图；
图2是本发明实施例2对焦状态的提示方法流程图；
图3是本发明实施例3拍摄装置结构框图；
图4是本发明实施例4拍摄装置主要电气结构图。
本发明的实施方式
本发明实施例的对焦状态的提示方法，在拍摄过程中，利用边缘检测算法对预览界面进行边缘检测，根据检测结果判断预览界面中是否有画面清晰区域，若有画面清晰区域，则判定对焦完成，并立即向用户进行提示，用户收到提示后进行拍摄，既能实现快速拍摄，又能拍摄出效果较佳的照片。所述边缘检测算法可以为索贝尔边缘检测算法(Sobel operator)、普利维特边缘检测算法(Prewitt operate)或罗伯茨交叉边缘检测算法(Roberts Cross operator)等。流程如以下实施例所示。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本发明实施例以及实施例中的特征可以相互任意组合。
实施例1
如图1所示，本实施例提供一种对焦状态的提示方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤S10，利用边缘检测算法检测预览界面中是否有画面清晰区域；
步骤S11，若检测出预览界面中有画面清晰区域，则提示对焦完成。
在对焦过程中，利用边缘检测算法对预览界面进行边缘检测，根据检测结果判断预览界面中是否有画面清晰区域，若有画面清晰区域，则确定对焦完成，并通过声音提醒、灯光提醒、颜色勾勒等方式向用户进行提示。使得用户可以在对焦完成后马上进行拍摄，既提高了拍摄速度又保证了拍摄效果，提升了用户体验。同时，通过对预览界面进行边缘检测来判断对焦状态的准确率更高。
实施例2
参见图2，在实施例1基础上提出本发明实施例2的对焦状态提示方法，所述对焦状态的提示方法包括以下步骤：
步骤S101：开始对焦；
步骤S102：利用边缘检测算法计算出预览界面中每一像素点所在区域的灰度变化值；
首先计算出预览界面中一像素点M周围或附近多个像素点的灰度值，而该像素点M及其周围多个像素点所组成的区域即为该像素点M所在区域；然后根据灰度值，利用边缘检测算法计算出该像素点M所在区域的横向灰度变化值和纵向灰度变化值，再根据横向灰度变化值和纵向灰度变化值计算出该像素点M所在区域的灰度变化值。据此，遍历预览界面中的所有像素点，以计算出预览界面中每一像素点所在区域的灰度变化值。
以索贝尔边缘检测算法为例，假设像素点A的坐标值为(x,y),其灰度值函数表达式为f(x,y)。可以通过索贝尔卷积因子对像素点A以及其周围上下左右相邻的八个点做卷积，来获取以像素点A为中心、周围八个像素点为外围所组成的区域的灰度变化值。
索贝尔卷积因子如下图所示：
Figure PCTCN2015080358-appb-000001
其包含两组3*3的矩阵，分别是横向卷积因子和纵向卷积因子，通过以下计算公式可以分别得到像素点A所在区域横向和纵向的亮度差分近似值，即灰度变化值：
Figure PCTCN2015080358-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2015080358-appb-000003
其中，横向灰度变化值Gx的计算方法如下：
Gx＝(-1)*f(x-1,y-1)+0*f(x,y-1)+1*f(x+1,y-1)+(-2)*f(x-1,y)+0*f(x,y)+2*f(x+1,y)+(-1)*f(x-1,y+1)+0*f(x,y+1)+1*f(x+1,y+1)
＝[f(x+1,y-1)+2*f(x+1,y)+f(x+1,y+1)]-[f(x-1,y-1)+2*f(x-1,y)+f(x-1,y+1)]
纵向灰度变化值Gy的计算方法如下：
Gy＝1*f(x-1,y-1)+2*f(x,y-1)+1*f(x+1,y-1)+0*f(x-1,y)+0*f(x,y)+0*f(x+1,y)+(-1)*f(x-1,y+1)+(-2)*f(x,y+1)+(-1)*f(x+1,y+1)
＝[f(x-1,y-1)+2f(x,y-1)+f(x+1,y-1)]-[f(x-1,y+1)+2*f(x,y+1)+f(x+1,y+1)]
其中，f(a,b)表示坐标为(a,b)的像素点的灰度值。
最后，根据横向灰度变化值Gx和纵向灰度变化值Gy，计算得出像素点A所在区域的灰度变化值G：
Figure PCTCN2015080358-appb-000004
步骤S103：判断像素点所对应的灰度变化值是否大于预设阈值；
如果像素点所在区域的灰度变化值G大于预设阀值，则进入步骤S103；如果否，则判定该像素点为非边缘像素点，若预览界面中所有像素点均为非边缘像素点，则判定预览界面中没有画面清晰区域，即当前还没有完成对焦。
步骤S104：将该像素点作为边缘像素点；
若像素点A所在区域的灰度变化值G大于预设阈值，则将该像素点作为边缘像素点。
步骤S105：将多个边缘像素点所限定的区域认定为画面清晰区域；
可选地，当多个边缘像素点分布呈环形时，则将环形以内的区域认定为画面清晰区域，判定对焦完成。所述环形可以是圆形、方形、不规则形状等。
在其他实施例中，虽然预览界面中有边缘像素点，但边缘像素点的数量少于预设值，或边缘像素点不呈环形分布，仍然判定预览界面中没有画面清晰区域，对焦没有完成。
步骤S106：提示对焦完成。
可以以声音方式提示，如语音提示“对焦完成”，发出“嘀”或“嘟嘟” 的提示音进行提示等。还可以以灯光方式提示，如指示灯以某种颜色灯发光，或指示灯闪烁提示。
可选地，可利用区别颜色标注出画面清晰区域的边缘来提示对焦完成，即利用区别颜色标注出画面清晰区域的每一个边缘像素点。所述区别颜色，是指与周围或附近区域相区别的颜色，如：加深或减浅画面清晰区域边缘的颜色以与周围区域相区别，或为画面清晰区域的边缘更换一种与周围区域相区别的颜色。
其中，颜色标注可以由GPU(Graphics Processing Unit，图形处理器)进行处理，这里面用到了着色器，着色器可以理解为运行在GPU中的指令和数据。完整的着色器包括顶点着色器和片元着色器，其中，顶点着色器最基本的任务是接收三维空间中点的坐标，将其处理为二维空间中的坐标并输出；片元着色器最基本的任务是对需要处理的屏幕上的每个像素输出一个颜色值。将顶点着色器输出的二维空间中的点坐标，转化为需要处理的像素并传递给片元着色器的过程，称为图元光栅化。边缘像素点按照指定的方式(如加深、减浅或更好颜色的方式)或指定的颜色进行输出，其它像素点按原采集颜色值进行输出。
除了索贝尔边缘检测算法外，还可以利用普利维特边缘检测算法(Prewitt operate)、罗伯茨交叉边缘检测算法(Roberts Cross operator)等进行边缘检测，检测预览界面中是否有画面清晰区域，进而判定是否对焦完成。
其中，普利维特边缘检测算法的卷积因子为：
Figure PCTCN2015080358-appb-000005
罗伯茨交叉边缘检测算法的卷积因子为：
Figure PCTCN2015080358-appb-000006
本发明实施例对焦状态的提示方法可以应用于以下场景:①触屏对焦后通过边缘检测算法确定对焦状态；②手动对焦的过程中通过边缘检测算法确定对焦状态；③预先设定一个理想的焦距，通过边缘检测算法快速确定物体是否处于合焦的平面。
本发明实施例的对焦状态的提示方法，在对焦过程中，利用边缘检测算法对预览界面进行边缘检测，根据检测结果判断预览界面中是否有画面清晰区域，若有画面清晰区域，则确定对焦完成，并通过声音提醒、灯光提醒、颜色勾勒等方式向用户进行提示。使得用户可以在对焦完成后马上进行拍摄，既提高了拍摄速度又保证了拍摄效果。同时，通过对预览界面进行边缘检测来判断对焦状态的准确率更高。
实施例3
参见图3，提出本发明实施例拍摄装置，包括边缘检测模块21和提示模块22，其中：
边缘检测模块21：设置为利用边缘检测算法检测预览界面中是否有画面清晰区域，若是，则向提示模块22发送信号。
其中，边缘检测模块21利用边缘检测算法计算出预览界面中每一像素点所在区域的灰度变化值；若像素点所对应的灰度变化值大于预设阈值，则将该像素点作为边缘像素点；将多个边缘像素点所限定的区域认定为画面清晰区域，判定对焦完成。
边缘检测模块21可以利用索贝尔边缘检测算法、普利维特边缘检测算法或罗伯茨交叉边缘检测算法进行边缘检测，获取每一像素点所在区域的灰度变化值。其中，边缘检测模块21首先计算出预览界面中一像素点M周围多个像素点的灰度值，该像素点M及其周围多个像素点所组成的区域为该像素 点M所在区域；然后根据灰度值，利用边缘检测算法计算该像素点M所在区域的灰度变化值；据此，遍历预览界面中的所有像素点，以计算出预览界面中每一像素点所在区域的灰度变化值。
边缘检测模块21在认定画面清晰区域时，可选将呈环形分布的多个边缘像素点所限定的区域认定为画面清晰区域，所述环形可以是圆形、方形、不规则形状等。若预览界面中所有像素点均为非边缘像素点；或者虽然预览界面中有边缘像素点，但边缘像素点的数量少于预设值，或边缘像素点不呈环形分布；则认定预览界面中没有画面清晰区域，即判定当前还没有完成对焦。
提示模块22：设置为根据边缘检测模块21发送的信号，向用户提示对焦完成。
其中，提示模块22可以以声音方式提示，如语音提示“对焦完成”，发出“嘀”或“嘟嘟”的提示音进行提示等。还可以以灯光方式提示，如指示灯以某种颜色灯发光，或指示灯闪烁提示。
可选地，提示模块22可利用区别颜色标注出画面清晰区域的边缘来提示对焦完成，即利用区别颜色标注出画面清晰区域的每一个边缘像素点。所述区别颜色，是指与周围或附近区域相区别的颜色，如：加深或减浅画面清晰区域边缘的颜色以与周围区域相区别，或为画面清晰区域的边缘更换一种与周围区域相区别的颜色。
据此，本发明实施例的拍摄装置，在对焦过程中，利用边缘检测算法对预览界面进行边缘检测，根据检测结果判断预览界面中是否有画面清晰区域，若有画面清晰区域，则确定对焦完成，并通过声音提醒、灯光提醒、颜色勾勒等方式向用户进行提示。使得用户可以在对焦完成后马上进行拍摄，既提高了拍摄速度又保证了拍摄效果。同时，通过对预览界面进行边缘检测来判断对焦状态的准确率更高。
需要说明的是：上述实施例提供的拍摄装置在进行对焦状态提示时，仅以上述各功能模块的划分进行举例说明，实际应用中，可以根据需要而将上述功能分配由不同的功能模块完成。另外，上述实施例提供的拍摄装置与对焦状态的提示方法实施例属于同一构思，其实现过程详见方法实施例，这里不再赘述。
实施例4
图4是表示本发明实施例4的拍摄装置的主要电气结构的框图。镜头101由用于形成被摄体像的多个光学镜头构成，可以是单焦点镜头或变焦镜头。镜头101能够通过镜头驱动器111在光轴方向上移动，根据来自镜头驱动控制电路112的控制信号，控制镜头101的焦点位置，在变焦镜头的情况下，也控制焦点距离。镜头驱动控制电路112按照来自微型计算机107的控制命令进行镜头驱动器111的驱动控制。
在镜头101的光轴上，由镜头101形成被摄体像的位置附近配置有拍摄元件102。拍摄元件102发挥作为对被摄体像拍摄并取得图像信号的功能。在拍摄元件102上二维地呈矩阵状配置有构成每个像素的光电二极管。光电二极管产生与受光量对应的光电转换电流，该光电转换电流由与光电二极管连接的电容器进行电荷蓄积。每个像素的前表面配置有拜耳排列的RGB(红绿蓝)滤色器。
拍摄元件102与拍摄电路103连接，该拍摄电路103在拍摄元件102中进行电荷蓄积控制和图像信号读出控制，对该读出的图像信号(模拟图像信号)降低重置噪声后进行波形整形，进而进行增益提高等以成为适当的信号电平。
拍摄电路103与A/D(模数)转换部104连接，该A/D转换部104对模拟图像信号进行模数转换，向总线199输出数字图像信号(以下称之为图像数据)。
总线199是设置为传送在拍摄装置的内部读出或生成的多种数据的传送路径。在总线199连接着上述A/D转换部104，此外还连接着图像处理器105、JPEG(Joint Photographic Experts Group，联合图像专家小组)处理器106、微型计算机107、SDRAM(Synchronous DRAM，同步动态随机存储器)108、存储器接口109、LCD(Liquid Crystal Display，液晶显示器)驱动器110。
图像处理器105对基于拍摄元件102的输出的图像数据进行图像处理，所述图像处理包括以下处理的一种或多种：OB相减处理、白平衡调整、颜色 矩阵运算、伽马转换、色差信号处理、噪声去除处理、同时化处理、边缘处理。
JPEG处理器106在通过存储器接口109将图像数据记录于记录介质115时，按照JPEG压缩方式压缩从SDRAM108读出的图像数据。此外，JPEG处理器106为了进行图像再现显示而进行JPEG图像数据的解压缩。进行解压缩时，读出记录在记录介质115中的文件，在JPEG处理器106中实施了解压缩处理后，将解压缩的图像数据暂时存储于SDRAM108中并在LCD116上进行显示。另外，在本实施例中，作为图像压缩解压缩方式采用的是JPEG方式，然而压缩解压缩方式不限于此，当然可以采用MPEG(Moving Picture Experts Group，动态图像专家组)、TIFF(Tagged Image File Format，标签图像文件格式)、H.264等其他的压缩解压缩方式。
微型计算机107发挥作为该拍摄装置整体的控制部的功能，统一控制拍摄装置的多种处理序列。微型计算机107连接着操作单元113和闪存114。
操作单元113包括但不限于实体按键或者虚拟按键，检测该实体或虚拟按键的操作状态，将检测结果向微型计算机107输出。此外，在作为显示部的LCD116的前表面设有触摸面板，检测用户的触摸位置，将该触摸位置向微型计算机107输出。微型计算机107根据来自操作单元113的按键的检测结果，执行与用户的操作对应的处理序列。
闪存114存储用于执行微型计算机107的多种处理序列的程序。该微型计算机107执行的程序流程即为上述实施例中的方法步骤S10-S11，以及步骤S101-S105。微型计算机107根据该程序进行拍摄装置整体的控制。此外，闪存114存储拍摄装置的多种调整值，微型计算机107读出调整值，按照该调整值进行拍摄装置的控制。
SDRAM108是设置为对图像数据等进行暂时存储的可电改写的易失性存储器。该SDRAM108暂时存储从A/D转换部104输出的图像数据和在图像处理器105、JPEG处理器106等中进行了处理后的图像数据。
存储器接口109与记录介质115连接，进行将图像数据和附加在图像数据中的文件头等数据写入记录介质115和从记录介质115中读出的控制。记录介质115例如为能够在拍摄装置主体上自由拆装的存储器卡等记录介质， 也可以是内置在拍摄装置主体中的硬盘等。
LCD驱动器110与LCD116连接，将由图像处理器105处理后的图像数据存储于SDRAM，需要显示时，读取SDRAM存储的图像数据并在LCD116上显示，或者，JPEG处理器106压缩过的图像数据存储于SDRAM，在需要显示时，JPEG处理器106读取SDRAM的压缩过的图像数据，再进行解压缩，将解压缩后的图像数据通过LCD116进行显示。
LCD116配置在拍摄装置主体的背面等上，进行图像显示。该LCD116设有检测用户的触摸操作的触摸面板。另外，作为显示部，在本实施例中配置的是液晶表示面板(LCD116)，此外也可以采用有机EL(有机发光的电子版)等其他显示面板。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解上述方法中的全部或部分步骤可通过程序来指令相关硬件完成，上述程序可以存储于计算机可读存储介质中，如只读存储器、磁盘或光盘等。可选地，上述实施例的全部或部分步骤也可以使用一个或多个集成电路来实现。相应地，上述实施例中的各模块/单元可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。本发明实施例不限制于任何特定形式的硬件和软件的结合。
工业实用性
本发明实施例的对焦状态的提示方法，在对焦过程中，利用边缘检测算法对预览界面进行边缘检测，根据检测结果判断预览界面中是否有画面清晰区域，若有画面清晰区域，则确定对焦完成，并通过声音提醒、灯光提醒、颜色勾勒等方式向用户进行提示。使得用户可以在对焦完成后马上进行拍摄，既提高了拍摄速度又保证了拍摄效果。同时，通过对预览界面进行边缘检测来判断对焦状态的准确率更高。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种对焦状态的提示方法，包括：
    利用边缘检测算法检测预览界面中是否有画面清晰区域；
    若是，则提示对焦完成。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的对焦状态的提示方法，其中，所述利用边缘检测算法检测预览界面中是否有画面清晰区域包括：
    利用边缘检测算法计算出预览界面中每一像素点所在区域的灰度变化值；
    若所述像素点所对应的灰度变化值大于预设阈值，则将该像素点作为边缘像素点；
    将多个所述边缘像素点所限定的区域认定为画面清晰区域。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的对焦状态的提示方法，其中，所述利用边缘检测算法计算出预览界面中每一像素点所在区域的灰度变化值包括：
    计算出预览界面中任一像素点周围多个像素点的灰度值，所述任一像素点及其周围多个像素点所组成的区域为所述任一像素点所在区域；
    根据所述灰度值，利用边缘检测算法计算出所述任一像素点所在区域的灰度变化值；
    据此遍历预览界面中的所有像素点，以计算出预览界面中每一像素点所在区域的灰度变化值。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的对焦状态的提示方法，其中，所述提示对焦完成包括：利用区别颜色标注出所述画面清晰区域的边缘，以提示对焦完成。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的对焦状态的提示方法，其中，所述利用区别颜色标注出所述画面清晰区域的边缘包括：加深或减浅所述画面清晰区域边缘的颜色以与周围区域相区别，或为所述画面清晰区域的边缘更换一种与周围区域相区别的颜色。
  6. 一种拍摄装置，包括边缘检测模块和提示模块，其中：
    所述边缘检测模块，设置为利用边缘检测算法检测预览界面中是否有画面清晰区域，若是，则向所述提示模块发送信号；
    所述提示模块，设置为根据所述边缘检测模块发送的信号向用户提示对焦完成。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的拍摄装置，所述边缘检测模块是设置为：
    利用边缘检测算法计算出预览界面中每一像素点所在区域的灰度变化值；
    若所述像素点所对应的灰度变化值大于预设阈值，则将该像素点作为边缘像素点；
    将多个所述边缘像素点所限定的区域认定为画面清晰区域。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的拍摄装置，所述边缘检测模块利用边缘检测算法计算出预览界面中每一像素点所在区域的灰度变化值，包括：
    所述边缘检测模块计算出预览界面中任一像素点周围多个像素点的灰度值，所述任一像素点及其周围多个像素点所组成的区域为所述任一像素点所在区域；
    所述边缘检测模块根据所述灰度值，利用边缘检测算法计算出所述任一像素点所在区域的灰度变化值；
    据此所述边缘检测模块遍历预览界面中的所有像素点，以计算出预览界面中每一像素点所在区域的灰度变化值。
  9. 根据权利要求6-8任一项所述的拍摄装置，所述提示模块是设置为：利用区别颜色标注出所述画面清晰区域的边缘，以提示对焦完成。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的拍摄装置，所述提示模块利用区别颜色标注出所述画面清晰区域的边缘，包括：所述提示模块加深或减浅所述画面清晰区域边缘的颜色以与周围区域相区别，或为所述画面清晰区域的边缘更换一种与周围区域相区别的颜色。
  11. 一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有程序指令，当该程序指令被执行时可实现权利要求1-5任一项所述的方法。
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