WO2015196632A1 - Procédé et circuit pour supprimer un courant de surcharge d'une source d'alimentation en courant continu - Google Patents

Procédé et circuit pour supprimer un courant de surcharge d'une source d'alimentation en courant continu Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015196632A1
WO2015196632A1 PCT/CN2014/088519 CN2014088519W WO2015196632A1 WO 2015196632 A1 WO2015196632 A1 WO 2015196632A1 CN 2014088519 W CN2014088519 W CN 2014088519W WO 2015196632 A1 WO2015196632 A1 WO 2015196632A1
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Prior art keywords
circuit
voltage
energy storage
power supply
constant current
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PCT/CN2014/088519
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
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严永红
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2015196632A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015196632A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communication power supply devices, and in particular to a method and circuit for suppressing surge current of a DC power supply.
  • the power supply is a system device that supplies power to the secondary power source in different ways, and an energy storage unit is connected between the secondary power supply and the power supply, and the energy storage unit is connected to the power supply circuit.
  • an inrush current will be generated transiently. The transient change of this current will cause the input power supply voltage to drop, or the arcing phenomenon occurs when the secondary device is connected to the power supply, causing an impact on the internal components of the power supply, such as a slow start switch. The transient power is too large.
  • the inrush current analog circuit of the power input is widely used in communication equipment.
  • the power supply input starts the capacitive load current suppression circuit is an important part of the power supply front-end circuit.
  • the inrush current suppression circuit can slow down the impact of the power supply on the input port and the internal circuit, input the slow-start switch transient power suppression, and make the current as much as possible. Slowly rise to protect it.
  • Solution 1 In the input low-power circuit, a thermistor with a negative temperature coefficient is inserted to suppress the inrush current, so that the input current changes as the temperature of the thermistor rises and the resistance decreases, but the application range of this solution is too Small, heat-sensitive resistors have a large heat loss and have a large impact on the efficiency of the system.
  • the NTC in the circuit suppresses the inrush current at the moment of the switch closing, and the suppression effect of the scheme on the inrush current Very good, but in the normal load of the system, with the increase of temperature, the resistance of NTC drops to about 1 ohm (temperature is less than 100 degrees), the power consumption of this resistor increases with the increase of load current, the thermal stress of the resistor Very large, so it is limited to low-power circuit applications, and NTC has a greater impact on line efficiency.
  • MOSFET Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor
  • the MOSFET By controlling the gate voltage rise time of the MOSFET, the MOSFET is high impedance. The region slowly changes to the switching state. The MOSFET generates a large amount of heat loss during the turn-on transient, which increases the stress transient of the MOSFET and even damages the avalanche energy of the device.
  • the delay charging circuit composed of resistors R1, R2, and C2 causes Vgs of Q1 to rise slowly, and Vgs is greater than the Vth (switching threshold voltage) voltage of the MOSFET.
  • the storage capacitor C1 When entering the switch state, the storage capacitor C1 is charged during this process, at Vgs Before rising to Vth, the MOSFET passes through the amplification region, because the Miller capacitance of the semiconductor device will rise during the Vgs rise process, during which the MOSFET passes a very short time of high current (maximum inrush current) and maximum voltage (basic and The current and voltage of the input power supply voltage are equal to each other.
  • the transient power of the MOSFET at this time may exceed the safe working area or avalanche energy, which greatly reduces the reliability of the circuit.
  • Solution 3 On the basis of the second scheme, the DS in Q1 is connected to the shunt resistor R3. As shown in Figure 3, at the instant of K1 closing, Q1 exhibits high impedance before Vgs rises to Vth. Part of the charging current is charged by R3 for C1. When Q1 rises to Vth after Vgs, Q1 is fully turned on, Q1 continues to charge large current for C1, and the DC on-resistance of Q1 is milliohm level. The actual charging current basically passes through Q1 switch. . This process is very good to reduce the input surge current. Q1 starts with the transient voltage or the input power supply voltage is basically the same, so that the inrush current is reduced and the transient power of the tube is also reduced.
  • the resistance of the Q1 GS parallel connection is unexpectedly damaged in Q1 when the system is under normal load current.
  • Q1 When the Vgs voltage changes, Q1 exhibits high impedance, and the load current is supplied through the resistor. At this time, the parallel heat dissipation is very large. A serious failure occurs in which the resistor body is burned out and the PCB is burnt.
  • the inrush current suppression circuit between the input power source and the secondary power source and reducing the switching transient power firstly, the input current can be slowly changed, and the impact and malfunction of the interface and other devices of the circuit are reduced, and the reliability of the circuit operation is provided. .
  • the heat consumption should be reduced as much as possible. If the above scheme is adopted, the demand of the high current circuit cannot be met, and the system efficiency is seriously affected, the reliability of the system is lowered, and the energy saving of the system cannot be satisfied. demand.
  • the invention provides a method for suppressing a surge current of a DC power source, comprising: a secondary power source connected to a power supply source, and charging the energy storage unit through a constant current source circuit; and the voltage detection circuit detecting the energy storage capacitor in the energy storage unit After the voltage reaches the predetermined voltage value, the delay circuit is driven; the delay circuit drives the switch unit to slowly open until the switch unit is completely turned on; the switch unit bypasses the constant current source circuit and charges the energy storage unit.
  • the secondary power source is connected to the power supply, and the secondary power source is directly connected to the power supply, or the secondary power is connected to the power supply through the control of the switch.
  • the delay circuit drives the switch unit to be slowly turned on until the fully turned on the switch unit specifically includes: the delay circuit drives the Vgs voltage of the switch unit to rise slowly, and completely turns on the switch unit after the Vgs voltage is greater than the turn-on voltage of the switch unit. .
  • the delay circuit comprises: an electronic delay switch;
  • the constant current source circuit comprises: a constant current source circuit composed of a semiconductor, a resistor, and a capacitor, or a constant current source circuit composed of an integrated chip and an operational amplifier; and voltage detection
  • the circuit includes: an inspection circuit composed of a resistor, a semiconductor device, and an operational amplifier.
  • the switching unit is a transistor.
  • the invention also provides a surge current suppression circuit of a DC power source, comprising: a constant current source circuit, connected in series with the energy storage unit, configured to charge the energy storage unit after the secondary power source is connected to the power supply; the voltage detection circuit Parallel to the energy storage unit, configured to detect the voltage of the storage capacitor in the energy storage unit, and drive the delay circuit after the voltage reaches a predetermined voltage value; the delay circuit is connected in parallel with the energy storage unit to be set as the drive switch unit Slowly open until the switch unit is fully turned on; the switch unit, in series with the energy storage unit, in parallel with the constant current source circuit, is configured to bypass the constant current source circuit after full conduction and to charge the energy storage unit.
  • the secondary power source is directly connected to the power supply, or the secondary power source is connected to the power supply through the switch.
  • the delay circuit is configured to: the Vgs voltage of the driving switch unit is slowly increased, and the switching unit is completely turned on after the Vgs voltage is greater than the turn-on voltage of the switching unit.
  • the delay circuit comprises: an electronic delay switch;
  • the constant current source circuit comprises: a constant current source circuit composed of a semiconductor, a resistor, and a capacitor, or a constant current source circuit composed of an integrated chip and an operational amplifier; and voltage detection
  • the circuit includes: an inspection circuit composed of a resistor, a semiconductor device, and an operational amplifier.
  • the switching unit is a transistor.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
  • the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention improves the slow start process of the serial switch unit into a segmented charging.
  • the constant current source circuit is charged first, and then the voltage of the storage capacitor is detected.
  • the delay circuit is turned on to drive the switching power supply in series to be charged.
  • the inrush current can be suppressed, and the voltage drop when the slow start switch is turned on is reduced, and the circuit is simple to implement. Easy to select, does not affect the efficiency of the system, is not affected by the load current, so that the reliability and efficiency of the circuit work is greatly improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a first scheme in the prior art
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a circuit of the third method in the prior art
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for suppressing a surge current of a DC power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a constant current source circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a voltage detecting circuit and a delay driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a first schematic structural diagram of a circuit of a surge current suppression circuit of a DC power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a second schematic structural diagram of a circuit of a surge current suppression circuit of a DC power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a third schematic structural diagram of a circuit of a surge current suppression circuit of a DC power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a block diagram showing the structure of a surge current suppressing circuit of a DC power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the circuit first charges the storage capacitor.
  • the peak current of charging which is about the input maximum supply voltage / (line impedance + DC equivalent resistance of the capacitor), the impedance of the line and the electrolytic capacitor in the -48V system.
  • Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR) is milliohm.
  • the present invention provides a method and a circuit for suppressing a surge current of a DC power source caused by an excessive transient power of the switch, and the secondary power source is connected to the power supply or is connected to the power supply through a switch. After the power is supplied, the energy storage unit is charged through the constant current source circuit.
  • the constant current source circuit charges the energy storage unit, when the storage capacitor voltage rises to a certain voltage (this voltage can be set), the voltage detection circuit drives the delay circuit to operate, and the driving switch device is slowly opened to switch to the switching device pair. The storage capacitor is charged.
  • the switching unit is fully turned on, the constant current source circuit is bypassed by the switching device, and the energy storage unit is shorted to the circuit by the switching unit.
  • the process of suppressing the inrush current of the storage capacitor and the transient power consumption of the switching device at the time of starting the power supply is completed.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for suppressing a surge current of a DC power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the inrush current suppression method of the DC power supply of the example includes the following processing:
  • Step 401 The secondary power source is connected to the power supply source, and the energy storage unit is charged by the constant current source circuit; wherein the secondary power source can directly access the power supply, or the secondary power source can also be connected to the power supply through the control of the switch.
  • the constant current source circuit may be: a constant current source circuit composed of a semiconductor, a resistor, and a capacitor, or may be a constant current source circuit composed of an integrated chip and an operational amplifier;
  • Step 402 after detecting that the voltage of the storage capacitor in the energy storage unit reaches a predetermined voltage value, driving the delay circuit;
  • the delay circuit may be an electronic delay switch;
  • the voltage detection circuit may be a resistor, a semiconductor device, and An inspection circuit consisting of an operational amplifier.
  • Step 403 the delay circuit drives the switch unit to slowly open until the switch unit is completely turned on; the delay circuit drives the Vgs voltage of the switch unit to rise slowly, and completely turns on the switch unit after the Vgs voltage is greater than the turn-on voltage of the switch unit.
  • the above switching unit is a transistor. Where Vgs is the voltage between the gate and source of the transistor;
  • step 404 the switching unit bypasses the constant current source circuit and charges the energy storage unit.
  • the constant current source circuit, the voltage detecting circuit, and the delay circuit of the embodiment of the present invention have various circuit configurations, as long as the circuit structure can perform the above corresponding functions.
  • the structure of each of the above circuits will be exemplified below with reference to the drawings.
  • R1, R2, Q2, and Q3 form a constant current source circuit, and the storage capacitor C2 is charged, and R1 is connected to the base of Q2 and The emitter, the voltage across R1 is clamped by the PN junction voltage between the base and the emitter, so that the current that can pass through R1 is limited to the PN junction voltage divided by R1, and the storage capacitor C2 is charged with the maximum PN junction voltage. Divided by the current of R1.
  • the e pole of Q2 can also clamp the voltage of the input ground, and also clamp the Vds of the slow-up MOSFET, reducing the voltage of the slow-start switch during the main switch or hot plugging.
  • the stress suppresses the inrush current of the circuit when the switch is turned on or hot-swapped. Since the charging current is limited, the parallel power consumption of the device can be controlled within the range that the circuit can withstand.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a voltage detecting circuit and a delay driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • R4, D1, and Q4 form a storage capacitor C2 voltage detecting circuit.
  • the switch When the switch is closed, the storage capacitor C2 is charged.
  • Q4 turns on and the drive delay circuit is turned on.
  • R3, R5, R8, C1, and Q5 form a delay driving circuit.
  • the circuit charges capacitor C1 through R5 and Q5.
  • the Vgs voltage of Q1 rises slowly until Vgs is greater than its turn-on voltage. Turning on, during this process, the secondary charging of the storage capacitor is completed.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a preferred circuit configuration of a surge current suppressing circuit of a DC power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a preferred circuit configuration of a surge current suppressing circuit of a DC power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a preferred circuit structure of a surge current suppression circuit of a DC power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 7, 8, and 9 a constant current source circuit in a surge current suppression circuit of a DC power supply is provided.
  • the voltage detection circuit and the various circuit structures of the delay circuit can achieve the corresponding functions.
  • the following is a detailed description of the circuit structure of FIG. 7 as an example:
  • the R1, R2, Q2, and Q3 constant current sources start to charge C1.
  • the set value is composed of R3, Q4, and D1.
  • Q4 is turned on, and R6, Q5, and C2 form a pair of Q1 to the gate-source charging circuit.
  • the Q1-Vds voltage decreases with the charging time, and Q1 starts to conduct and charges.
  • Switching from the constant current source circuit to the Q1-Id current charges the capacitor C1 until Q1 is fully turned on.
  • the input DC power supply starts the capacitive load inrush current, which can be well suppressed to a low level. In the range, and the transient power of Q1 is reduced a lot, it has a good protection for the circuit, does not affect the efficiency of the circuit, and improves the reliability of the circuit.
  • circuit structure shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 and the circuit structure shown in FIG. 7 are different, the functions realized by the respective circuits are the same as those realized by the circuit structure shown in FIG. 7, and are no longer used here.
  • the circuit structure of Figs. 8 and 9 will be described in detail.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a surge current suppression circuit of a DC power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the inrush current suppression circuit of the DC power supply of the example includes a constant current source circuit 10, a voltage detection circuit 12, a delay circuit 14, and a switching unit 16.
  • the constant current source circuit 10 is connected in series with the energy storage unit, and is configured to charge the energy storage unit after the secondary power source is connected to the power supply; wherein the secondary power source is directly connected to the power supply, or the secondary power source is switched and powered. Power connection.
  • the constant current source circuit 10 includes: a constant current source circuit 10 composed of a semiconductor, a resistor, and a capacitor, or a constant current source circuit 10 composed of an integrated chip and an operational amplifier;
  • the voltage detecting circuit 12 is arranged in parallel with the energy storage unit, and is configured to detect the voltage of the storage capacitor in the energy storage unit, and after the voltage reaches a predetermined voltage value, drive the delay circuit 14; the voltage detecting circuit 12 includes: a resistor, a semiconductor device And an inspection circuit composed of an operational amplifier.
  • the delay circuit 14 is connected in parallel with the energy storage unit, and is arranged to drive the switch unit 16 to slowly open until the switch unit 16 is completely turned on; the delay circuit 14 is set to: the Vgs voltage of the drive switch unit 16 rises slowly, and the Vgs voltage is greater than After the turn-on voltage of the switching unit 16, the switching unit 16 is completely turned on.
  • the delay circuit 14 includes: an electronic delay switch;
  • the switching unit 16 in series with the energy storage unit, is connected in parallel with the constant current source circuit 10, and is arranged to bypass the constant current source circuit 10 after fully conducting, and to charge the energy storage unit.
  • the switching unit 16 is a transistor.
  • the above-mentioned various circuits of the embodiments of the present invention may have various circuit configurations, and the preferred three circuit configurations are as shown in FIG. 7 , FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 , and can be understood by referring to the contents of the above embodiments, and details are not described herein again.
  • the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention can suppress the inrush current and reduce the voltage drop when the slow start switch is turned on, the circuit is simple to implement, the switching device is easy to select, and the efficiency of the system is not affected. Unaffected by the load current, the reliability and efficiency of the circuit operation are greatly improved.
  • the inrush current can be suppressed, and the voltage drop when the slow start switch is turned on is reduced, the circuit is simple to implement, the switching device is easily selected, the efficiency of the system is not affected, and the load is not affected.
  • the influence of current greatly improves the reliability and efficiency of circuit operation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Continuous-Control Power Sources That Use Transistors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un circuit pour supprimer un courant de surcharge d'une source d'alimentation en courant continu. Le procédé consiste : à accéder, par une source d'alimentation secondaire, à une source d'alimentation d'approvisionnement, et charger une unité de stockage d'énergie par l'intermédiaire d'un circuit de source de courant constant (10) ; à entraîner, par un circuit de détection de tension (12), un circuit de retard (14) après détection du fait qu'une tension d'un condensateur de stockage d'énergie (C2) dans l'unité de stockage d'énergie atteint une valeur de tension prédéterminée ; à amener, par le circuit de retard (14), une unité de commutateur (16) à s'ouvrir lentement jusqu'à ce que l'unité de commutateur (16) soit complètement conductrice ; et à mettre en dérivation, par l'unité de commutateur (16), le circuit de source de courant constant (10), et à charger l'unité de stockage d'énergie. Au moyen de la solution technique mentionnée ci-dessus, un courant d'impulsion peut être supprimé, et une chute de tension lors de l'ouverture d'un commutateur à démarrage souple est également réduite.
PCT/CN2014/088519 2014-06-24 2014-10-13 Procédé et circuit pour supprimer un courant de surcharge d'une source d'alimentation en courant continu WO2015196632A1 (fr)

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CN201410286851.7 2014-06-24
CN201410286851.7A CN105322522A (zh) 2014-06-24 2014-06-24 直流电源的浪涌电流抑制方法及电路

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CN111435785B (zh) * 2019-01-12 2023-08-08 上海航空电器有限公司 一种航空机载设备上电浪涌电流抑制电路结构及方法
CN112491257A (zh) * 2020-11-17 2021-03-12 北京精密机电控制设备研究所 集成式直流电源调理装置
CN113687197A (zh) * 2021-08-23 2021-11-23 常州华威电子有限公司 一种开关电源整机中电解电容耐冲击电流检测方法
CN114629096A (zh) * 2022-05-13 2022-06-14 河南新太行电源股份有限公司 一种恒流防浪涌的启动电路
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