WO2015189991A1 - 発電量推定装置および発電量推定方法 - Google Patents
発電量推定装置および発電量推定方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015189991A1 WO2015189991A1 PCT/JP2014/065767 JP2014065767W WO2015189991A1 WO 2015189991 A1 WO2015189991 A1 WO 2015189991A1 JP 2014065767 W JP2014065767 W JP 2014065767W WO 2015189991 A1 WO2015189991 A1 WO 2015189991A1
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- power generation
- load
- power
- generation amount
- voltage
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000012384 transportation and delivery Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012880 independent component analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R21/00—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
- G01R21/133—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor by using digital technique
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/26—Measuring inductance or capacitance; Measuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance method; Measuring loss factor; Measuring dielectric constants ; Measuring impedance or related variables
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power generation amount estimation device and a power generation amount estimation method.
- the distribution system is generally composed of a high-voltage system (usually 6600 V) and a low-voltage system (for example, 100 V to 200 V), and the receiving end of general consumers is connected to this low-voltage system.
- the electric power company is obliged to maintain the voltage at the receiving end of the general consumer within an appropriate range (for example, in the case of receiving 100V, the voltage is 95V to 107V).
- the electric power company uses a voltage control device (for example, LRT (Load Ratio Control Transformer) or SVR (Step Voltage Regulator)) connected to the high voltage system.
- LRT Low Ratio Control Transformer
- SVR Step Voltage Regulator
- Patent Document 1 discloses a method of measuring active power and reactive power upstream of a solar power generation apparatus and estimating the solar power generation output by independent component analysis.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above, and obtains a power generation amount estimation apparatus and a power generation amount estimation method capable of accurately estimating a solar power generation amount while suppressing an increase in measurement facilities and communication facilities. With the goal.
- the present invention provides a power generation amount estimation method for estimating a solar power generation amount in a distribution line of a high-voltage system in which a plurality of loads and one or more solar power generation facilities are connected.
- a first voltage value that is a measurement voltage at a first position of the distribution line; a first active power that is a measurement value of an active power at the first position; and a first voltage value of the distribution line.
- a communication unit that receives a second voltage value that is a measured voltage at the position 2 and a second active power that is a measured value of the active power at the second position, and a connection position and contract information for each load.
- a storage unit that holds the first voltage value, the second voltage value, the first active power, and the second active power, and for each load read from the storage unit Based on the connection position and the contract information, the impedance of the load center point is obtained.
- a power generation amount calculation unit that estimates the solar power generation amount based on the first and second voltage values and the first and second active powers.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a configuration of a distribution system voltage control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the distribution system management apparatus.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a computer system according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the power generation amount estimation procedure.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the concept of the relationship among the load center point, the power generation center point, the delivery voltage, and the terminal voltage.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of contract information.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the concept of the average value of the power consumption profile for each contract type.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a configuration of a distribution system voltage control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a voltage control device 7 is, for example, an LRT (Load Ratio Control Transformer) as a distribution transformer installed in a substation.
- a bus 8 is connected to the secondary side of the voltage control device 7.
- two distribution lines 9-1 and 9-2 are connected to the bus 8 in parallel.
- Distribution lines 9-1 and 9-2 are distribution lines of a high voltage system (voltage level is 6600V).
- One end of the distribution line 9-1 is connected to the bus 8 via the circuit breaker 6-1.
- voltage flow measuring devices (measuring devices) 5-1 and 5-3 for measuring the voltage and power flow of the distribution line 9-1 are respectively installed.
- One end of the distribution line 9-2 is connected to the bus 8 via the circuit breaker 6-2.
- voltage flow measuring devices (measurement devices) 5-2 and 5-4 for measuring the voltage and power flow of the distribution line 9-2 are installed.
- the voltage flow measuring devices 5-1 and 5-2 are arranged at the delivery (upstream end point) of the distribution lines 9-1 and 9-2, respectively.
- the voltage flow measuring devices 5-3 and 5-4 are arranged at the ends (downstream end points) of the distribution lines 9-1 and 9-2, respectively.
- the voltage flow measuring devices 5-1 to 5-4 measure the voltage, the power flow, etc., for example, at regular intervals (for example, every second), and use the average value of the measured results for a predetermined time (for example, 1 minute) as measurement information Send.
- the voltage flow measuring devices 5-1 to 5-4 have a communication function and are connected to the communication network 2.
- the voltage flow measuring devices 5-1 to 5-4 for example, periodically transmit measurement information to the distribution system management device 1 via the communication network 2.
- the distribution line 9-1 is connected to loads 3-1 to 3-3, solar power generation equipment 4-1 to 4-3, and a capacitor 100.
- the load 3-1 indicates, for example, a load for each customer. Alternatively, it may be a load of a group of one or more consumers such as a pole transformer. Note that the number of loads, photovoltaic power generation facilities, and capacitors connected to the distribution line 9-1 are not limited to the example of FIG.
- the capacitor 100 is also a load on the distribution line 9-1. Further, capacitors may be included in the loads 3-1 to 3-3. In FIG. 1, the load, the photovoltaic power generation equipment, and the capacitor connected to the distribution line 9-2 are omitted for the sake of simplification. A capacitor is connected.
- the distribution system management device 1 (power generation amount estimation device) is a device that manages the distribution system, and can be installed in a sales office or a control center that has jurisdiction over the system range to be managed.
- voltage control is performed to maintain an appropriate voltage of the distribution system. Any method may be used as the voltage control method.
- a form in which the central control device connected to the communication network 2 performs voltage control is conceivable.
- the voltage flow measuring devices 5-1 to 5-4 are installed for the above voltage control.
- the active power (P) and voltage (V) measured by the voltage flow measuring devices 5-1 to 5-4 are used for the voltage control.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the distribution system management apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment.
- the distribution system management device 1 of the present embodiment includes a load / power generation center calculation unit 11, a load / power generation amount calculation unit 12, a power generation efficiency calculation unit 13, a power generation amount estimation unit 14, and a communication unit 15.
- the power distribution system management device 1 is specifically a computer system (computer).
- the computer system functions as the power distribution system management device 1 by executing the supply and demand planning program on the computer system.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a computer system according to this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 3, the computer system includes a control unit 101, an input unit 102, a storage unit 103, a display unit 104, a communication unit 105, and an output unit 106, which are connected via a system bus 107. Yes.
- the control unit 101 is, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) or the like, and executes the supply and demand planning program of the present embodiment.
- the input unit 102 includes, for example, a keyboard and a mouse, and is used by a computer system user to input various information.
- the storage unit 103 includes various memories such as RAM (Random Access Memory) and ROM (Read Only Memory), and storage devices such as a hard disk, and is obtained in the course of the program and processing to be executed by the control unit 101. Memorize data, etc.
- the storage unit 103 is also used as a temporary storage area for programs.
- the display unit 104 is configured by an LCD (liquid crystal display panel) or the like, and displays various screens for the computer system user.
- the communication unit 105 has a function of connecting to the communication network 2 and receives measurement data from the voltage flow measuring devices 5-1 to 5-4 via the communication network 2.
- FIG. 3 is an example, and the configuration of the computer system is not limited to the example of FIG.
- the computer system having the above-described configuration includes, for example, a power generation amount estimation from a CD-ROM / DVD-ROM set in a CD (Compact Disc) -ROM / DVD (Digital Versatile Disc) -ROM drive (not shown).
- the program is installed in the storage unit 103.
- the power generation amount estimation program is executed, the power generation amount estimation program read from the storage unit 103 is stored in a predetermined location in the storage unit 103.
- the control unit 101 executes the power generation amount estimation process according to the present embodiment in accordance with the program stored in the storage unit 103.
- a program (power generation amount estimation program) describing a power generation amount estimation process is provided using a CD-ROM / DVD-ROM as a recording medium.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the configuration of the computer system Depending on the capacity of the program to be provided, for example, a program provided by a transmission medium such as the Internet via the communication unit 105 may be used.
- the load / power generation center calculation unit 11, the load / power generation amount calculation unit (power generation amount calculation unit) 12, the power generation efficiency calculation unit 13, and the power generation amount estimation unit 14 of FIG. 2 are included in the control unit 101 of FIG.
- the storage unit 16 in FIG. 2 is a part of the storage unit 103 in FIG.
- the communication unit 15 in FIG. 2 corresponds to the communication unit 105 in FIG.
- the load / power generation center calculation unit 11 is configured to have a function as a load center point calculation unit for obtaining the load center point and a function as a power generation center point calculation unit for obtaining the power generation center point.
- a point calculation unit and a power generation center point calculation unit may be provided separately.
- the storage unit 16 of the distribution system management device 1 stores distribution system facility data, system configuration data, contract data, and sensor measurement data.
- Distribution system equipment data includes load utilization characteristics, loads 3-1 to 3-3, capacitor 100 and solar power generation equipment 4-1 to 4-3 connection location, solar power generation equipment 4-1 to 4-3.
- Information such as the capacity of the panel (power generation panel), distribution line resistance information, distribution line reactance information, and the like.
- the system configuration data includes information such as whether the circuit breakers 6-1 and 6-2 are open or closed.
- Distribution system facility data and system configuration data are stored in the storage unit 16 in advance. When the facility is changed, the operator or the like inputs the changed information from the input unit 102 of the computer system. Data in the storage unit 16 is updated.
- the contract data includes information such as contract power, contract type, and type of industry for each customer or for each unit (for example, on-pillar transformer) that aggregates one or more customers.
- the contract data may be stored in advance in the storage unit 16 in the same manner as the distribution system facility data and the system configuration data.
- the distribution system management apparatus 1 may acquire contract data from the contract management apparatus 10 that manages contract contents and store the contract data in the storage unit 16 as shown in FIG.
- the sensor measurement data is measurement data received from the voltage flow measuring devices 5-1 to 5-4 via the communication network 2, or an average value for a certain time (for example, 30 minutes) of the received measurement data.
- the average processing unit 17 obtains an average value of the measurement data received from the communication unit 15 for a certain period of time for each measurement point (voltage flow measuring devices 5-1 to 5-4), Stored in the storage unit 16 as measurement data.
- active power and voltage are used for estimating the amount of power generation. For this reason, measurement data other than these may not be stored in the storage unit 16.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of the power generation amount estimation procedure of the present embodiment.
- the power distribution system management apparatus 1 may perform the power generation amount estimation according to the procedure shown in FIG. 4 at a constant cycle (for example, a cycle of 30 minutes), or when it is necessary to grasp the power generation amount by maintenance work or the like. It may be carried out and can be carried out at an arbitrary timing.
- a constant cycle for example, a cycle of 30 minutes
- It may be carried out and can be carried out at an arbitrary timing.
- the load is distributed and connected to each part of the distribution line 9-1, their power factor can be regarded as almost uniform. For this reason, the voltage drop due to the load can be calculated by a model in which all loads are concentrated at the load center point (the center of gravity of the load on the distribution line).
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the concept of the relationship among the load center 20, the power generation center 21, the delivery voltage, and the terminal voltage.
- the load / power generation amount estimation unit 11 calculates a load center point and a power generation center point based on distribution system facility data, system configuration data, and contract data (step S1). Specifically, with respect to the load center point, the connection point of the load (loads 3-1 to 3-3, capacitor 100) connected to the distribution line 9-1 (from the measurement point of the voltage flow measuring device 5-1). The load center point is calculated based on the resistance (impedance or distance from the loads 3-1 to 3-3), the contract capacity for each load connected to the distribution line 9-1, and the load utilization characteristic.
- the measurement voltage at the measurement point (first position) of the voltage flow measuring device 5-1 of the distribution line 9-1 is set as the sending voltage Va, and the measurement voltage at the measurement point (second position) of the voltage flow measurement device 5-3. Is the terminal voltage Vb. Further, the measured value of the active power at the measurement point of the voltage flow measuring device 5-1 is Pa, and the measured value of the active power at the measurement point of the voltage flow measuring device 5-3 is Pb.
- the contract power of the i-th load among the loads connected to the distribution line 9-1 is PI i
- the impedance is I i
- the sending voltage Va The distance Lc from the measurement point (installation position of the voltage flow measuring device 5-1) to the load center point can be calculated by the following equation (1).
- Lc ⁇ (PI i ⁇ I i ) / ⁇ (PI i ) (1)
- the impedance I i is calculated based on distribution line resistance information and distribution line reactance information held as distribution system facility data and the connection position of each load.
- Distribution line resistance information is a proportional constant for obtaining the resistance value from the length of the distribution line when the resistance value is approximated to the length of the distribution line.
- Distribution line reactance information is the reactance value of the distribution line. This is a proportional constant for obtaining reactance from the length of the distribution line when approximated to be proportional to the length.
- the resistance and reactance for each load may be held.
- the point where the distance from the measurement point of the delivery voltage Va is Lc is the load center point.
- the resistance RL and reactance XL at the load center point can be calculated based on the distribution line resistance information, distribution line reactance information, and Lc.
- the power generation center in the distribution line 9-1 generates power from the measurement point of the sending voltage Va, where R i is the i-th resistance of the solar power generation equipment 4-1 to 4-3 and the panel capacity is Ps i.
- the distance Lg to the center point can be calculated by the following equation (2).
- Lg ⁇ (Ps i ⁇ R i ) / ⁇ (Ps i ) (2)
- R i is calculated based on distribution line resistance information and distribution line reactance information held as distribution system facility data, and connection positions of the solar power generation facilities 4-1 to 4-3.
- the point where the distance from the measurement point of the delivery voltage Va to the load center point is Lg is the power generation center point.
- the resistance RG at the power generation center point can be calculated based on the distribution line resistance information and Lg.
- the load and the power generation amount are obtained based on the load center point, the power generation center point, the delivery voltage, and the terminal voltage (step S2). More specifically, the load power PL and the power generation amount PG for each distribution line 9-1 are obtained by formulating the following three quantities and solving the three formulas as simultaneous equations.
- Vdiff defines that the terminal voltage rise side is positive.
- Vqc is the voltage increase due to the capacitor of distribution line 9-1
- Vdiff PG ⁇ RG ⁇ (PG + Pa ⁇ Pb) ⁇ (RL + ⁇ ⁇ XL) (6)
- PG (Vdiff ⁇ (Pb ⁇ Pa) ⁇ (RL + ⁇ ⁇ XL)) / (RG ⁇ RL ⁇ ⁇ XL) (7)
- Vqc is obtained in advance based on, for example, nighttime measurement data without solar power generation. Since the amount of capacitor connection does not change between day and night, the voltage rise due to the capacitor is constant. When there is no capacitor in the distribution line 9-1, Vqc need not be considered in the above equation (3).
- said formula is a formula when the average power factor of photovoltaic power generation is set to 100%, when the average power factor is not set to 100%, the power generation center point is the same as XL of the load center point.
- the reactance XG is obtained and the reactance and reactive power are considered in the same manner as the load center point.
- Va, Vb, Pa, and Pb you may make it hold
- an average value for a predetermined time is obtained based on the measurement data held before the calculation in step S2, and these average values are used as Va, Vb, Pa, and Pb. it can.
- the power generation efficiency calculation unit 13 obtains the power generation efficiency by taking the ratio of the power generation amount and the total panel capacity (step S3).
- the power generation efficiency calculation unit 13 corrects the power generation efficiency to be in the range of 0% to 100%.
- power generation other than solar power generation is included in the load.
- the distribution system management device 1 performs the above steps S1 to S3 for the distribution wires in which the voltage flow measuring device is installed among all the distribution wires managed by the distribution system management device 1 (for example, all the distribution wires under the jurisdiction of the same substation). Implement and similarly calculate the power generation amount and power generation efficiency for each distribution line.
- the power generation amount estimation unit 14 obtains the average power generation efficiency by the weighted average of the panel capacity using the power generation efficiency for each distribution line. And the electric power generation amount estimation part 14 estimates the electric power generation amount about the distribution line in which the voltage tide measuring device is not installed (step S4). Specifically, the power generation amount estimation unit 14 obtains an estimated value of the power generation amount by multiplying the panel capacity of the solar power generation facility in the distribution line where the voltage flow measuring device is not installed and the average power generation efficiency.
- steps S3 and S4 need not be performed.
- a new measurement / communication equipment such as a pyranometer Installation / management becomes unnecessary, and capital investment can be suppressed.
- the amount of photovoltaic power generation is estimated in units of distribution lines.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and measurement data at two arbitrary measurement points are used in a distribution line in which a voltage flow measuring device is installed.
- the amount of photovoltaic power generation between measurement points can be estimated. For example, when the voltage flow measuring device is installed for each distribution section, the amount of photovoltaic power generation can be estimated for each distribution section.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of contract information.
- the contract type there are, for example, a normal contract, a late-night power contract, a contract with different rates depending on the time zone, and the power consumption for each time zone in a day tends to be constant depending on the contract type.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the concept of the average value of the power consumption profile for each contract type.
- the contract information for each customer can be used as it is. However, when considering one load per pole transformer, each connected to the pole transformer The average value of customer contract information is used.
- the average value of the power consumption profile is obtained as a function Pf j (t) at time t for each contract type.
- j is a number for identifying the contract type.
- a i is the contract power of the i-th load.
- j (i) indicates the contract type number of the i-th load.
- Lc ⁇ (A i ⁇ Pf j (i) (t) ⁇ I i ) / ⁇ (A i ⁇ Pf i (i) (t)) ...
- Pf i (t) may be obtained as a function of time t, or values in increments of a fixed time (for example, 1 hour) are held as a table, and the value of Pf i (t) is obtained by referring to the table. You may do it.
- seasonal changes may be considered as Pf j (t). For example, if M is the month (any of January to December), and the seasonal correction coefficient for each month is S (M), the above denominator and numerator A i ⁇ Pf i (i) (t) Each may be multiplied by S (M).
- the average value of the power consumption profile is obtained as a function Ph j (t) at time t, and j (i) indicates the number of the industry of the i-th load.
- Ph j (i) indicates the number of the industry of the i-th load.
- the type of industry can be classified into factories, houses, and commerce. Moreover, you may make it multiply a seasonal correction coefficient similarly to contract classification.
- Lc ⁇ (A i ⁇ Ph j (i) (t) ⁇ I i ) / ⁇ (A i ⁇ Ph i (i) (t)) ... (9)
- both the contract type and the business type may be considered.
- Pf i (i) of (t) instead of the (8) Pf i (i) of (t), may be used Pf i (i) (t) ⁇ Ph j (i) (t).
- a seasonal correction coefficient may be further multiplied.
- the load center point and the power generation center point are calculated using the facility data, and the measurement data, the load center point, and the power generation point of the two voltage flow measuring devices where the distribution lines are installed are calculated.
- the amount of photovoltaic power generation was estimated based on the center point. This eliminates the need to install / manage new measurement / communication equipment such as a pyranometer, and can suppress capital investment. Furthermore, the amount of photovoltaic power generation can be estimated more accurately by calculating the load center point in consideration of the time variation of the utilization rate for each contract type and type of business.
- the power generation amount estimation device and the power generation amount estimation method according to the present invention are useful for the distribution system voltage control system.
- 1 Distribution system management device 2 communication network, 3-1 to 3-3 load, 4-1 to 4-3 solar power generation system, 5-1 to 5-4 voltage flow measuring device, 6-1 and 6-2 Circuit breaker, 7 Voltage control device, 8 Bus, 9-1, 9-2 Distribution line, 10 Contract management device, 11 Load / power generation center calculation unit, 12 Load / power generation calculation unit, 13 Power generation efficiency calculation unit, 14 Power generation Quantity estimation unit, 15, 105 communication unit, 16, 103 storage unit, 20 load center, 21 power generation center, 100 capacitor, 101 control unit, 102 input unit, 104 display unit, 106 output unit.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明にかかる実施の形態の配電系統電圧制御システムの構成の一例を示した図である。図1において、電圧制御機器7は、例えば変電所に設置された配電用変圧器としてのLRT(Load Ratio Control Transformer:負荷時タップ切替器付変圧器)である。電圧制御機器7の二次側には母線8が接続されている。母線8には例えば2本の配電線9-1,9-2が並列に接続されている。配電線9-1,9-2は、高圧系統(電圧レベルが6600V)の配電線である。
Lc=Σ(PIi×Ii)/Σ(PIi) …(1)
Lg=Σ(Psi×Ri)/Σ(Psi) …(2)
(a)配電線の送り出し電圧と末端電圧の計測値の電圧差Vdiff
Vdiff=Vb-Va-Vqc …(3)
ただし、Vdiffは末端電圧の上昇側をプラスと定義する。Vqcは、配電線9-1のコンデンサによる電圧上昇分
(b)負荷による電圧降下および発電による電圧上昇
Vdiff=PG×RG -(PL×RL + QL×XL)
= PG×RG - PL×(RL + α×XL) …(4)
ただし、α=QL/PLであるとし、あらかじめ数値を定めておく(例えば、α=0..1)
(c)負荷電力と発電量の合計と計測した有効電力
Pb-Pa=PG-PL …(5)
Vdiff=PG×RG
- (PG+Pa-Pb)×(RL + α×XL) …(6)
PG=(Vdiff-(Pb-Pa)×(RL + α×XL))/(RG-RL - α×XL) …(7)
Lc=Σ(Ai×Pfj(i)(t)×Ii)/Σ(Ai×Pfi(i)(t))
…(8)
Lc=Σ(Ai×Phj(i)(t)×Ii)/Σ(Ai×Phi(i)(t))
…(9)
Claims (12)
- 複数の負荷と1つ以上の太陽光発電設備が接続された高圧系統の配電線における太陽光発電量を推定する発電量推定装置であって、
前記配電線の第1の位置の計測電圧である第1の電圧値と、前記第1の位置の有効電力の計測値である第1の有効電力と、前記配電線の第2の位置の計測電圧である第2の電圧値と、前記第2の位置の有効電力の計測値である第2の有効電力とを受信する通信部と、
前記負荷ごとの接続位置および契約情報と、前記第1の電圧値と、前記第2の電圧値と、前記第1の有効電力と、前記第2の有効電力とを保持する記憶部と、
前記記憶部から読み出した前記負荷ごとの前記接続位置および前記契約情報に基づいて、負荷中心点のインピーダンスを求める負荷中心算出部と、
前記太陽光発電設備ごとの接続位置および発電容量に基づいて、発電中心点のインピーダンスを求める発電中心算出部と、
前記負荷中心点のインピーダンスと、前記発電中心点のインピーダンスと、前記第1および前記第2の電圧値と、前記第1および前記第2の有効電力とに基づいて前記太陽光発電量を推定する発電量算出部と、
を備えることを特徴とする発電量推定装置。 - 前記契約情報は、契約電力を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の発電量推定装置。
- 前記契約情報は、契約種別を含むことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の発電量推定装置。
- 前記契約種別ごとの利用率の時間特性を保持し、
前記負荷中心算出部は、前記時間特性と契約電力に基づいて前記負荷ごとの負荷電力を求め、前記負荷ごとの前記接続位置および前記負荷電力に基づいて、前記負荷中心点のインピーダンスを求めることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の発電量推定装置。 - 前記契約情報は、業種を含むことを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれか1つに記載の発電量推定装置。
- 前記業種ごとの利用率の時間特性を業種時間特性として保持し、
前記負荷中心算出部は、前記業種時間特性と契約電力に基づいて前記負荷ごとの負荷電力を求め、前記負荷ごとの前記接続位置および前記負荷電力に基づいて、前記負荷中心点のインピーダンスを求めることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の発電量推定装置。 - 前記第1の位置を前記配電線の上流側の端点とし、前記第2の位置を前記配電線の下流側の端点とすることを特徴とする請求項1から6のいずれか1つに記載の発電量推定装置。
- 前記第1の位置を前記配電線の配電区間の上流側の端点とし、前記第2の位置を前記配電区間の下流側の端点とすることを特徴とする請求項1から6のいずれか1つに記載の発電量推定装置。
- 前記負荷を需要家単位の負荷とすることを特徴とする請求項1から8のいずれか1つに記載の発電量推定装置。
- 前記負荷を柱上トランス単位の負荷とすることを特徴とする請求項1から8のいずれか1つに記載の発電量推定装置。
- 複数の前記配電線の太陽光発電量を推定対象とし、
前記配電線ごとに前記太陽光発電量を推定し、推定した前記太陽光発電量と前記太陽光発電設備の発電容量とに基づいて発電効率を求め、2つ以上の前記配電線の前記発電効率の平均値である平均発電効率を求め、前記複数の前記配電線のうち前記第1の電圧値、前記第1の有効電力、前記第2の電圧値および前記第2の有効電力を計測しない前記配電線については、該配電線に接続する太陽光発電設備の発電容量と前記平均発電効率とに基づいて太陽光発電量を推定することを特徴とする請求項1から10のいずれか1つに記載の発電量推定装置。 - 複数の負荷と1つ以上の太陽光発電設備が接続された高圧系統の配電線における太陽光発電量を推定する発電量推定方法であって、
前記配電線の第1の位置の計測電圧である第1の電圧値と、前記第1の位置の有効電力の計測値である第1の有効電力と、前記配電線の第2の位置の計測電圧である第2の電圧値と、前記第2の位置の有効電力の計測値である第2の有効電力とを受信する通信ステップと、
前記負荷ごとの接続位置および契約情報と、前記第1の電圧値と、前記第2の電圧値と、前記第1の有効電力と、前記第2の有効電力とを保持する記憶ステップと、
前記負荷ごとの前記接続位置および前記契約情報に基づいて、負荷中心点のインピーダンスを求める負荷中心算出ステップと、
前記太陽光発電設備ごとの接続位置および発電容量に基づいて、発電中心点のインピーダンスを求める発電中心算出ステップと、
前記負荷中心点のインピーダンスと、前記発電中心点のインピーダンスと、前記第1および前記第2の電圧値と、前記第1および前記第2の有効電力とに基づいて前記太陽光発電量を推定する発電量ステップと、
を含むことを特徴とする発電量推定方法。
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