WO2015186870A1 - 신호전달경로의 활성화 상태 분석방법 및 이를 이용한 개인 맞춤형 치료제의 선정방법 - Google Patents
신호전달경로의 활성화 상태 분석방법 및 이를 이용한 개인 맞춤형 치료제의 선정방법 Download PDFInfo
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- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/5005—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells
- G01N33/5008—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells for testing or evaluating the effect of chemical or biological compounds, e.g. drugs, cosmetics
- G01N33/5011—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells for testing or evaluating the effect of chemical or biological compounds, e.g. drugs, cosmetics for testing antineoplastic activity
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/6428—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes"
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
- G01N21/78—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a change of colour
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/5005—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells
- G01N33/5008—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells for testing or evaluating the effect of chemical or biological compounds, e.g. drugs, cosmetics
- G01N33/502—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells for testing or evaluating the effect of chemical or biological compounds, e.g. drugs, cosmetics for testing non-proliferative effects
- G01N33/5041—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells for testing or evaluating the effect of chemical or biological compounds, e.g. drugs, cosmetics for testing non-proliferative effects involving analysis of members of signalling pathways
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/58—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving labelled substances
- G01N33/582—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving labelled substances with fluorescent label
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/6428—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes"
- G01N2021/6439—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes" with indicators, stains, dyes, tags, labels, marks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2800/00—Detection or diagnosis of diseases
- G01N2800/52—Predicting or monitoring the response to treatment, e.g. for selection of therapy based on assay results in personalised medicine; Prognosis
Definitions
- the present invention provides a method for analyzing the activation state of a singal ing pathway in a cell or tissue isolated from a subj ect through real-time monomolecular protein-protein interaction analysis, and a personalized therapeutic agent using the same. To select or predict therapeutic responsiveness to a therapeutic agent.
- the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) method uses fluorescence transfer as an adjacent part.
- FRET fluorescence resonance energy transfer
- the present inventors have provided a method for analyzing the activation state of a signal transduction pathway in a cell or tissue based on an analytical method capable of simultaneously analyzing protein-protein interactions between a target protein and another protein on a signal transduction pathway in real time.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a method for analyzing the activation state of a signaling pathway in a cell or tissue isolated from an individual.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for selecting a personalized therapeutic agent.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for predicting the therapeutic responsiveness to a therapeutic agent.
- the present invention provides a method for analyzing the activation state of a s ignal ing pathway in a cell or tissue isolated from a subject (subj ect) comprising the following steps:
- the inventors of the present invention provide a method for analyzing the activation state of a signal transduction pathway in a cell or tissue based on an analysis method capable of simultaneously analyzing protein-protein interactions between a target protein and another protein on a signal transduction pathway in real time and a personalized therapeutic agent using the same Developed a selection method.
- step (a) a lysate of cells or tissues containing a first protein, which is a protein on a signal transduction pathway to be analyzed, is treated on a substrate to fix the first protein to the substrate.
- the immobilization of the first protein can be achieved by immobilizing the first protein on an anti-first protein antibody previously immobilized on a substrate.
- the epitope of the first protein which is the site to which the antibody binds, is preferably separated by a predetermined distance from the binding site of the first protein and the second protein.
- the substrate is a quartz slide coated with a polyethylene glycol (Quartz Sl ide).
- the cells or tissues comprising the first protein may be normal cells or normal tissues, or cells or tissues in which a specific disease develops.
- the lysate of the cells or tissue is a lysate of cancer cells or cancer tissue.
- the present invention provides an analysis using a cell or tissue lysate obtained by lysing cancer cells or cancer tissues isolated from an individual (eg, a cancer patient) without a complicated pretreatment process. Can reduce the cost.
- the cell lysate may mean not only the cell stock, but also the diluted cytoplasm stock or the diluted stock.
- physical, chemical and enzymatic methods can be used without limitation.
- a washing procedure is performed before the step (b) to remove the first protein that is not immobilized on the substrate. Washing can be performed using conventional wash buffers (eg, PBS).
- wash buffers eg, PBS
- the first protein is a membrane protein.
- the membrane protein is a receptor.
- the present invention can determine which signaling pathway is activated by analyzing the interaction between the receptor, which is the starting point of the signaling pathway, and various types of proteins interacting with the receptor.
- receptors examples include receptor tyrosine kinases, toll-like receptors and G protein-coupled receptors.
- the tyrosine kinase receptor is EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor, HERD, HER2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2), HER3 (Human e idermal growth factor receptor 3), HER4 (Human e idermal) growth factor receptor 4) and HGFR (Hepatocyte growth factor receptor, c-MET).
- EGFR Epidermal growth factor receptor
- HER2 Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2
- HER3 Human e idermal growth factor receptor 3
- HER4 Human e idermal growth factor receptor 4
- HGFR Hepatocyte growth factor receptor, c-MET
- the second protein to be described later may be selected from the group consisting of p85a, STAT3, Grb2 and PLCy.
- the first protein is EGFR
- the second protein may be selected from the group consisting of p85a, STAT3, Grb2 and PLCy
- the first protein is HER2 or HGFR
- the second protein may be p85a, Grb2 and It may be selected from the group consisting of PLCy
- the second protein may be ⁇ 85 ⁇ when the first protein is HER3.
- step (b) inducing complex formation between the first protein and the fluorescently labeled second protein in step (b), by supplying a fluorescently labeled second protein to the substrate as a protein interacting with the first protein, Induces complex formation between labeled second proteins.
- the second protein is a protein located downstream of the first protein.
- the second protein may be supplied to the substrate in the form of lysate of cells.
- a cell lysate obtained by lysing a cell expressing a second protein, which is a protein located below the first protein in a fluorescently labeled form can be supplied to the substrate.
- the cells may be genetically engineered to express the fluorescently labeled second protein in the cells.
- a recombinant vector is prepared by inserting a full length 0RF of a second protein or a polynucleotide encoding a partial domain into a vector encoding a fluorescent gene, and then transfecting a suitable host cell (eg, a mammalian cell) with the recombinant vector. Conversion is made to express the fluorescently labeled second protein.
- a suitable host cell eg, a mammalian cell
- Transformation methods include electroporation, plasma fusion, calcium phosphate (CaP0 4 ) precipitation, calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) precipitation, agitation with silicon carbide fibers, agro bacterial mediated transformation, PEG, textlan sulfate, Lipofectamine and a dry / inhibitory mediated transformation method and the like.
- the second protein may be fluorescently labeled by physicochemical methods.
- Fluorescent labels usable in the present invention include, for example, green fluorescent protein (GFP), yellow fluorescent protein (YFP), blue fluorescent protein (BFP) and green fluorescent protein. and cyan fluorescent protein.
- GFP green fluorescent protein
- YFP yellow fluorescent protein
- BFP blue fluorescent protein
- cyan fluorescent protein cyan fluorescent protein.
- the interaction between the first protein and the second protein can be analyzed in the same environment as the cellular environment by detecting the fluorescence signal in a specific wavelength band labeled with the second protein. Since the first protein and the second protein are proteins that interact with each other and are adjacent to each other on the signaling pathway, It is possible to analyze the activation state of the signal transduction pathways in the body.
- step (c) the fluorescent signal of the fluorescent label of the second protein is analyzed and the
- the interaction between the first protein and the second protein is analyzed, and the activation state of the signaling pathway is analyzed through the analysis results.
- Analysis of the interaction between the first protein and the second protein can be carried out by measuring the fluorescence signal of a specific wavelength generated by the fluorescent label provided in the second protein using an optical device for generating a near field.
- an optical device for generating a near field such as a total reflection microscope, and the interaction between the first protein and the fluorescently labeled second protein on the surface of the substrate is analyzed at a single molecule level. As a result, the interaction between the first protein and the second protein can be confirmed.
- the analysis of the interaction between the first protein and the second protein is carried out using a total reflection microscope (Tot al Interna l Ref l ec i on F l uorescence Mi croscope).
- the analysis of can be performed in real time at the step of forming a complex between the first protein and the second protein.
- a method for analyzing real-time monomolecular protein-protein interactions used in the present invention, which combines immunoprecipitation and fluorescence imaging
- the monomolecular imaging of cells or tissue lysates that are not purified as such is differentiated from conventional immunoprecipitation in that it is performed in a reaction chamber in real time, and binding can be confirmed in real time at the monomolecular level.
- the analysis of the fluorescence signal may measure the fluorescence signal of a specific wavelength indicated by the fluorescent label for a specific time. That is, when measuring the wavelength change on the surface of the substrate through a total reflection microscope, the wavelength change may be integrally measured for a predetermined time.
- the present invention may use not only one kind of protein interacting with the first protein but also various kinds of proteins interacting with the first protein as in Experimental Example 3 below.
- various types of second proteins may be supplied to the substrate simultaneously or sequentially.
- the second protein is sequentially supplied to the substrate, first, after the analysis of the interaction between the supplied second protein and the first protein is completed, the second protein that has been analyzed is removed through a washing process, and then the other protein is removed. 2 can be carried out through the process of supplying the protein to the substrate.
- the method of the present invention in the case of sequentially supplying a plurality of second proteins to the substrate, after step (c), through step (b) and (c) (D) repeating steps (b) and (c) using the second protein analyzed for the interaction and another type of protein (interacting with the first protein) as the second protein.
- the washing process is performed to remove the first second protein, and then another type of second protein is supplied to the substrate to You can further analyze the interaction of.
- the process of immobilizing the first protein on the substrate is performed only once, and then the interaction with various types of second proteins can be analyzed. Analysis is possible, which is not much available for human tissue,
- the present invention can perform steps (a) to (c) using various kinds of first proteins and various kinds of second proteins.
- the present invention is directed to a plurality of types of second proteins (candidate proteins) that are immobilized on a substrate and then interact with them (e.g., beneath the first protein).
- the treatment can analyze the interaction between the first protein and the second protein. For example, after immobilizing various types of first proteins on a substrate on which various kinds of antibodies are attached to the substrate, the interaction between the proteins is fluoresced by using the first proteins as the X axis and the second proteins as the Y axis. Analyze by signal.
- the microfluidic channel is formed by aligning the number of the first proteins with parallel lines so that the number of the first proteins is fixed to the substrate using antibodies.
- the vertical lines try to form channels by the number of second proteins.
- a dilution structure can be used, and a second microfluidic channel can be stacked on top of the first channel to be used as cross reactions. Alternatively, it may be applied after mounting of the second channel to enable attachment and detachment of the first channel.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the interaction analysis method
- FIG. 10 is a fluorescence signal analyzing the interaction between the first protein and the second protein, and the red signal shows the binding between the most activated proteins.
- the invention provides a method of selecting a personalized therapeutic agent comprising the following steps:
- step (b) searching for a therapeutic agent that targets the activated signaling pathway identified in step (a), and selecting the personalized therapeutic agent for the searched therapeutic agent.
- Step (a) is omitted because it is duplicated by using a method of analyzing the activation state of a signaling pathway in a cell or tissue isolated from the above-described individual.
- step (b) the therapeutic agent that targets the activated signaling pathway is searched based on the analysis result of step (a). For example, a method of analyzing the activation state of a signaling pathway in a cell or tissue isolated from the above-described individual is performed using various first proteins and various second proteins, and then separated from the individual. Specific signaling pathways activated in cells or tissues, after confirming the binding between specific proteins, can search for a therapeutic agent that targets it and select it as a personalized therapeutic agent.
- a personalized therapeutic agent is selected from known therapeutic agents known to target the activated signaling pathway identified in step ( a ), or After treating the test substance to the cell line or tissue in which the signaling pathway identified in step (a) is activated, whether the test substance inhibits the activation of the signaling pathway, and the candidate drug is grown in the cell line or tissue. Through the screening process to determine whether or not to inhibit the personalized treatment can be selected.
- the test substance low molecular weight compounds, high molecular weight compounds, nucleic acid molecules (eg, DNA, RNA, PNA and aptamers), proteins, sugars, lipids and natural substances can be used.
- the therapeutic agent is an anticancer agent.
- the present invention provides a method for predicting treatment response to a therapeutic agent comprising the following steps:
- step (b) predicting treatment response to a therapeutic agent targeted to the signaling pathway, based on the analysis of the activation state of the signaling pathway identified in step (a).
- step (a) the cells or tissues are separated from the predicted human, and then the activation state of the signaling pathway in the isolated cells or tissues is analyzed. Since the method of analyzing the activation state of the signal transmission path in step (a) has been described above, it will be omitted.
- treatment with an anticancer agent targeting a specific signaling pathway eg, the EGFR pathway, the HER2 pathway, etc.
- a specific signaling pathway eg, the EGFR pathway, the HER2 pathway, etc.
- the signaling pathway targeted by the anticancer agent is inactivated or the activation degree is low, there is a problem that it is difficult to obtain a therapeutic effect on the anticancer agent. Therefore, it is important to predict the treatment response to the anticancer agent before administration of the anticancer agent, and to select an appropriate treatment and drug according to the anticancer agent.
- the method of the present invention can predict the treatment response to the anticancer agent in advance.
- step (b) based on the analysis of the activation state of the signaling pathway, the treatment response to the therapeutic agent targeting the signaling pathway is predicted.
- Experimental Example 6 there was a difference in the degree of activation of the signaling pathways for each cancer cell line, it was confirmed that there is also a difference in sensitivity to the anticancer agent targeting the signaling pathway.
- the therapeutic response of the individual to the target anticancer agent targeting the signaling pathway can be predicted in advance based on the activation information of the signaling pathway analyzed according to the method of the present invention.
- the therapeutic agent is an anticancer agent, and for the purposes of the present invention, the anticancer agent is a target anticancer agent that targets a specific signaling pathway.
- the present invention provides a method for analyzing the activation state of the ignal ing pathway in a cell or tissue isolated from a subject, and selects a personalized therapeutic agent or predicts treatment response to the therapeutic agent. It is about how to.
- the method of the present invention is a novel method for personalized diagnosis and medical treatment, which enables analysis of what changes the targeted therapeutic agent will make in the signaling pathway and how it will respond to the patient.
- the present invention not only helps to understand the signaling pathway as a whole by analyzing how the signaling of a specific disease diverges and converges, but also develops a customized therapeutic agent by confirming which signal transmission of the entire signaling network is distorted. Available as a flat for the.
- the resistance of cancer tissue to a target anticancer agent is a problem, but according to this platform, it is expected that the recurrence of cancer can be greatly reduced by detecting the resistance in advance and designing a second therapeutic agent accordingly.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an experiment used in the following experimental example.
- FIG. 2 shows a structural diagram of an observation system used in the following example.
- Figure 3 shows the results for the observation and quantification of single molecule fluorescent molecules.
- Figure 4 shows the fluorescence signal intensity according to the exchange of EGFR and its sub-proteins and detection proteins.
- 5 shows the fluorescence signal intensity of activated and inactivated EGFR.
- FIG. 6 shows the degree of interaction between EGFR and ⁇ 85 ⁇ in 12 lung cancer cell lines.
- Figure 7 shows the interaction between EGFR and its subproteins in each cell line Show the relative strength of the degree.
- FIG. 10 shows a fluorescence signal of a signal transmission path measured by the method of FIG. 9. '
- 11 shows the relative intensity of HER2 and its subproteins, and the degree of interaction between HER3 and its subproteins in each breast cancer cell line.
- 12 shows the relative intensity of the degree of interaction between HGFR (c-MET) and its subproteins in each lung cancer cell line.
- 13A shows the relative intensity of the degree of interaction between EGFR and its subproteins, HGFR and its subproteins, and HER2 and its subproteins in each cell line.
- Figure 13b shows the response to Gef i t ini b, an EGFR target anticancer agent of each cell line.
- FIG. 13C shows the degree of interaction of EGFR with Grb2 shown in FIG. 13A and the sensitivity of the target anticancer agent of each cell line measured in FIG. 13B.
- Cell lysis buffer (Lys is buf fer) was prepared by dissolving 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA and l% (vo l / vol) Triton X-100 in distilled water. A 2-fold concentrated thrust buffer was prepared and stored in 4 ° C. storage. Cel l extract The cell lysis buffer was ammonia at the final concentration described previously using a two-fold concentrated buffer. At this time, protease inhibitors (Sigma P8340, Sigma) and dephosphorase inhibitors (P5726, Sigma) are added to inhibit the function of protease and dephosphorylation enzyme present in the cell lysate. It was.
- Each inhibitor per 5 mg / ml of cell lysate was diluted to a concentration of 1: 100.
- the amount of lysate was determined so that the final concentration of cell line lysate or tissue lysate was 5-10 mg / i.
- Usually 5 x 10 6 cells . 6-10 when dissolved in 200 ⁇ cell lysis buffer When a total amount of protein is made and 20 mg of human lung tissue is dissolved in 1 cell lysis buffer, a total protein concentration of 10—13 mg / m ⁇ is formed.
- Example 2 Preparation of Target Protein (First Protein)
- the target protein means a protein that is a target for analyzing (identifying) properties through the present invention.
- one of the oncoproteins (EGFR, HER2, HER3 or HGFR) was used as the target protein.
- the cell line black was directly extracted from the patient's tissue sample.
- the appropriate amount of the lysis buffer prepared in Example 1 was added to the cell line, and the process of homogeneously releasing the aggregated cell lines was repeated using a 100-200 ⁇ pipette. All reactions were carried out in cold blocks on ice. Thereafter, the prepared sample was dissolved in ice for 30 minutes.
- the tissue was cut finely using surgical scissors to increase the cross-sectional area between the tissue and the lysis buffer so that cell lysis can easily occur.
- An appropriate amount of lysis buffer was added thereto and homogenized using 1 pipette.
- the tissue was then finely chopped using a homogenizer (mechanical homogenizer; IKA, cat. No. 3737000). After 30 minutes of reaction, centrifugation was performed at 10,000 g X 10 minutes at 4 ° C. The pellet was removed and only the solution portion (supernatant) was taken. This solution portion contains the target protein and other proteins to be observed. Afterwards, the solution is kept on ice for all the experiments, It could be stored in a stable state.
- DC protein assay kit Bio-Rad, # 500-0111
- the total protein content of lysates of cells or tissues prepared using the black protein quantification kit was measured.
- the detection protein was a partner protein that interacts with the target protein as a fluorescent protein labeled protein. Plasmids were prepared in the form of eGFP-detecting proteins by placing the entire detection protein (full length 0RF) or a specific domain in an eGFP vector (pEGFP-Cl vector, Clontech) with good fluorescence properties. It was injected into HEK293 cells by the electroporation method to express the detection protein, and the cells were obtained and then stored at -80 ° C. Preparation of the detection protein was performed in the same manner as the preparation of the target protein of Example 2.
- the amount of the detected protein was measured by measuring the amount of the fluorescent protein expressed using a fluorescence intensity meter (FlLiorotneter; Perkin Elmer Ens ire 2300) to measure the amount of the detected protein.
- Fluorescence intensity meter Fluorescence intensity meter
- Example 4 Target Protein I (obi 1 ization) Observation was performed using a Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscope (TIRFM).
- TIRFM Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscope
- a polymer (PolyEthylene Glycol (PEG)) coating and a biotin-PEG coating for capturing were applied onto a substrate made of quartz slide.
- the chambers made on the substrates were washed twice consecutively with 200 ⁇ PBS for washing, and neutravidin was injected into the chambers at 50 ⁇ for each chamber.
- This neutravidin protein binds to and adheres to biotin on the substrate surface.
- the washing was performed in the same manner as described above.
- Antibodies to the target protein EGFR Ab-10, clone 111.6 biotin-labeled mouse monoclonal antibody for EGFP; Thermo Scientific, # MS-378—B
- the lysate (cell or tissue lysate) containing the target protein was then injected into the substrate (concentration range: 0.1 mg / m £ -10 mg / mi; reaction time: at least 10 to 30 minutes). Then, two consecutive times using 200 id PBS Washed (FIG. 1).
- Example 5 Probe protein inject ion & detect ion
- the cell lysate containing the fluorescently labeled detection protein was injected into the substrate to which the target protein of Example 4 was fixed at an appropriate concentration.
- 50 nM eGFP is the limit value for normal observation. This may change depending on the observation optics and substrate type (last step in FIG. 1).
- the substrate was observed using a total reflection fluorescence microscope.
- a signal occurring in a short time was measured using an exposure time of 50 ms.
- 2 is a structural diagram of an observation system including a substrate, a microscope, and an analysis program.
- the substrate to which the detection protein was injected was recorded in real time for about 5 seconds (100 frames wi th 0.05 sec exposure t ime) using a fluorescence microscope.
- the monomolecular fluorescence protein observation algorithm was used to observe how many detection proteins bound to the target protein on the surface in a particular frame. Usually one to three images are averaged to produce an image, and the image is analyzed to measure the number of monomolecular signals.
- the process of determining the number of frames first analyzes how the kinetic constant (kinet i cs) of the two protein interactions is analyzed through real-time monomolecular protein interaction analysis (first panel of FIG. 3). By weighing how long the two proteins are bound together and then dropping, you determine the frame number to average.
- 5 frames 250 ms was measured as the most suitable average number of frames (second panel of FIG. 3), and frames were skipped in units of 25 frames.
- 1-5 frame average, 25-29 frame average, 50-54 frame average, 75-79 frame average, and a total of four data points were formed.
- the present invention has the advantage of being able to simply apply various detection proteins (second proteins) on one prepared substrate. Since proteins such as EGFR have a variety of downstream signaling pathways, measuring multiple signaling pathways will play an important role in identifying biological information. Furthermore, since the preparation of the target protein only needs to be performed once, a small amount of cell or tissue lysate can be used.
- the detection protein exchange process is described as follows. After the detection of one detection protein, the remaining protein was removed from the chamber through a washing process, and then the previous measurement was repeated by injecting another detection protein.
- EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor
- EGFR Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor
- the prepared sample is known as a lung cancer cell line expressing normal EGFR with a cell line called NCI-H1666.
- EGFR activates EGFR by a ligand called EGF, which interacts with downstream signaling proteins.
- EGF a ligand
- eGFP-p85 a form with eGFP attached to ⁇ 85 ⁇ , a subunit of Phosphoinos iti de 3-kinase (PI3K), a representative subsignal protein of EGFR, was used as a detection protein.
- PI3K Phosphoinos iti de 3-kinase
- the cells stop the growth activity, and EGFR is known to exist in an unphosphorylated state. Thereafter, one group of cells was treated with EGF 100 ng / mi for 3 minutes. It is an external factor that gives EGFR and an activation signal, making EGFR phosphorylated. After collecting two groups of cell lines, the state of EGFR was observed.
- NSCUXNon Small Cell Lung Cancer cell lines H1975, H1650, HCC827, H4006, H358, H1666, H2291 and A549 were obtained from American Type Culture Collection; HCC827-GR, H4006-ER, PC9 and PC9-GR are Yonsei University EGFR status (obtained from school hospital) was quantified using eGFP-p85a detection protein.
- EGFR is known to be present in always activated form through axon 19 deletion mutation or exon 21 point mutation (L858R), causing cancer.
- H1975, H1650, HCC827, HCC827-GR, H4006, H4006-ER, PC9 and PC9-GR are cancer cell lines with EGFR mutations, and the remaining four cell lines are cancer cell lines with normal EGFR. .
- the reactivity between EGFR and p85a was measured as described above to quantify the state of EGFR in each cell line. Representatively, the reactivity of the H4006 (exxon 19 deletion) and H1975 (exon 21 mutants) and H229K normal EGFR) cell lines was measured and graphed. As a result, as shown in the top panel of Figure 6, it was confirmed that the activation degree of EGFR is higher in the other two cell lines with mutated EGFR than the H2291 cell line with normal EGFR. In addition, the difference was found between H4006 and H1975. A total of 12 NSCLC cancer cell lines measured the degree of activation of EGFR and expressed it as a heatmap. As a result, as shown in the lower panel of Figure 6, the signal generated in the H1975 cell line was quantified by 1 to obtain a graph showing the signal strength of the remaining cell lines as a relative value.
- the present invention can measure the intensity of the interaction between EGFR, a kind of RTK, and ⁇ 85 ⁇ , a sub-protein thereof.
- the present invention can be applied to various RTKs in addition to EGFR to measure the signal of the target protein occurring in each cell line and the degree of interaction between the target protein and the detection protein.
- Experimental Example 3 Analysis of EGFR activation level of non-small cell lung cancer cell lines using four EGFR subproteins
- Experimental Example 2 The signal strength quantified in Experimental Example 2 was extended to analyze the relative signal strength of EGFR using a plurality of detection proteins. As a result, as shown in Figure 7, through this it was confirmed how the various signaling pathways started in EGFR changes in each cell line and what the difference between each cell line. These results show that the present invention can be used to help select anticancer agents that target specific signaling pathways. Similarly, the relative signal values of each cell line were measured based on the H1975 cell line. Experimental Example 4. Characterization of Human Tumor Tissue
- HER2 / HER3 a total of 10 breast cancer cell lines (S BR3, T47D, MDAMB231, MDAMB453, H1419, H1954, and MCF7 were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection; SKBR3 LR9, SKBR3 HR30 and SNU21 were obtained from Seoul University Hospital) The degree of HER2 and HER3 activation was measured and expressed as a heatmap (FIG. 11). 11 is a result of measuring the signal strength of the remaining cell lines as a relative value after quantifying the signal measured in the SKBR3 cell line with 1.
- HGFR a total of 15 NSCLC cancer cell lines (HCC827, H4006, H1650,
- H1975, H358, H1666, H2291 and A549 are obtained from the American Type Culture Collection; PC9, HCC827-GR # 13, H4006-ER, YU-01, YU— 06, HCC827-GR # 5 and PC9-GR were obtained from Yonsei University Hospital) and the HCC827 cell line was set to 1 as well. After quantification, the signal intensities of the remaining cell lines are shown as relative values (FIG. 12).
- FIGS. 11 and 12 show that the present invention is not limited to a specific RTK, and can be applied to all receptors including RTK.
- Experimental Example 6 Analysis of Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) and Drug Responses A total of 15 NSCLC cancer cell lines were applied to this technique.
- FIG. 13C Correlation between protein-protein interacting ion (PPI) and Gef itinib, an EGFR target anticancer drug, was analyzed.
- the interaction degree (signal strength) of EGFR with Grb2 shown in FIG. 13A and the sensitivity of the target anticancer agent of each cell line measured in FIG. 13B are summarized in FIG. 13C.
- the horizontal axis of Figure 13c means that the signal transmission of EGFR increases toward the right side, the vertical axis means that the sensitivity to the target anticancer agent increases toward the top. 13C shows that the measured signal transduction intensity of EGFR has a positive correlation with susceptibility to the target anticancer agent (pos it ive corre l at i on).
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