WO2015186687A1 - ヒューズ素子 - Google Patents

ヒューズ素子 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015186687A1
WO2015186687A1 PCT/JP2015/065857 JP2015065857W WO2015186687A1 WO 2015186687 A1 WO2015186687 A1 WO 2015186687A1 JP 2015065857 W JP2015065857 W JP 2015065857W WO 2015186687 A1 WO2015186687 A1 WO 2015186687A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuse element
electrode
fuse
battery
terminal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2015/065857
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
吉弘 米田
和征 榊原
裕治 古内
幸市 向
利顕 荒木
貴史 藤畑
Original Assignee
デクセリアルズ株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by デクセリアルズ株式会社 filed Critical デクセリアルズ株式会社
Priority to CN201580028921.1A priority Critical patent/CN106463315B/zh
Priority to KR1020167033080A priority patent/KR102378642B1/ko
Publication of WO2015186687A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015186687A1/ja

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/055—Fusible members
    • H01H85/06—Fusible members characterised by the fusible material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/055—Fusible members
    • H01H85/12—Two or more separate fusible members in parallel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fuse element that is melted by Joule heat when an electric current larger than the rated value flows and opens an electric circuit.
  • lithium ion secondary batteries have been adopted in many mobile phones, notebook PCs, and the like. Since lithium ion secondary batteries have high weight energy density, in order to ensure the safety of users and electronic devices, in general, many protection circuits such as overcharge protection and overdischarge protection are built in the battery pack. It has a function of shutting off the output of the battery pack in a predetermined case. However, if the positive / negative electrode insulation fitting portion of the battery corrodes due to water wetting, the pressure inside the battery leaks, and there is a risk that the safety valve does not function correctly and leads to an explosion accident.
  • Attaching a sticker that detects wet traces against water wetting and issuing a warning does not limit the use of the battery, so migration due to water on the circuit board There is a risk of circuit malfunction due to (insulation deterioration) or a short circuit. Moreover, there is a possibility that the same defect as described above may occur even when the electrolyte leaks due to battery abnormality.
  • the present invention has been proposed in view of such conventional circumstances, and provides a fuse element that can safely open an electric circuit against abnormalities such as water wetting and battery fluid leakage.
  • a fuse element according to the present invention includes a fuse element and an electrode made of a metal that is disposed in the vicinity of the fuse element and has a smaller ionization tendency than the fuse element.
  • the electric resistance of the fuse element increases due to the electrolytic corrosion action, and the rated current value decreases, so that the electric circuit can be safely opened. Can do.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration example of a fuse element.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing the fuse element before electrolytic corrosion.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view schematically showing the fuse element after electrolytic corrosion.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a configuration example of a fuse element in which a plurality of fuse elements are arranged in parallel.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a fuse element in which a plurality of fuse elements are arranged in parallel.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an application example in which the fuse element is used in a circuit in a battery pack of a lithium ion secondary battery.
  • the fuse element according to the present embodiment includes a fuse element and an electrode made of a metal that is arranged close to the fuse element and has a smaller ionization tendency than the fuse element. Since the fuse element and the electrode are close to each other, the liquid enters between the fuse element and the electrode when there is an abnormality such as water wetting or battery fluid leakage, and the fuse element is eroded. As a result, the electrical resistance increases and the rated current value decreases, so that the electrical circuit can be safely opened by self-interruption by the energization current to the fuse element.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration example of a fuse element.
  • the fuse element 10 includes a flat fuse element 11 and electrodes 12 ⁇ / b> A and 12 ⁇ / b> B arranged to face both surfaces of the central portion of the fuse element 11.
  • the fuse element 11 and the electrode 12 are close to each other so that water can enter, and the distance is preferably 0.01 mm to 10 mm.
  • the fuse element 11 has a predetermined rated current value and blows when a current exceeding the rated current value is energized.
  • the fuse element 11 is preferably composed mainly of any one selected from aluminum, iron, nickel, tin, and lead.
  • the main component refers to a component that is 50 wt% or more based on the total mass of the material.
  • the electrodes 12 ⁇ / b> A and 12 ⁇ / b> B are disposed to face both surfaces of the center portion of the fuse element 11.
  • the electrodes 12A and 12B are preferably arranged so as to cover the entire surface of the central portion of the fuse element 11 so that the amount of the substance that erodes the fuse element 11 increases.
  • the electrodes 12A and 12B are made of a metal having a smaller ionization tendency than the fuse element, and it is preferable that any one selected from gold, platinum, silver, copper, and palladium be a main component.
  • the fuse element 11 made of a base metal is ionized (corroded) as a positive electrode, and the fuse element 11 is thinned or a pinhole is generated.
  • the conductor resistance of the fuse element 11 increases, and the rated current value can be decreased.
  • a separator between the fuse element 11 and the electrode 12.
  • a separator consists of insulators, such as a mesh form and a porous form. Thereby, while suppressing the direct short circuit between the fuse element 11 and the electrode 12, the retainability of water and electrolyte solution can be ensured.
  • the separator preferably supports an electrolyte such as NaCl. Thereby, the electrical conductivity of water and electrolyte solution can be improved, and electrolytic corrosion can be promoted.
  • a water-absorbing or hygroscopic insulator may be disposed between the fuse element 11 and the electrode 12. Further, an insulator made of sol, gel, or solid may be disposed between the fuse element 11 and the electrode 12, and conductivity may be expressed by water. Further, when an electrolyte made of sol or gel enters between the fuse element 11 and the electrode 12, the electrolytic corrosion action of the fuse element 11 may be exhibited.
  • the fuse element 11 is connected as a positive electrode and the electrode 12 is connected as a negative electrode. Thereby, the electrolytic corrosion reaction can be promoted, and the rated current value of the fuse element 11 can be quickly reduced.
  • the fuse element 10 is composed of a fuse element 11 connected in series as a positive electrode to a DC power source, and a metal that is arranged close to the fuse element 11 and has a lower ionization tendency than the fuse element 11, and is connected as a negative electrode.
  • blocking circuit provided with the electrode 12 which becomes is comprised.
  • a first terminal and a second terminal for energizing the fuse element 11 and a third terminal connecting the electrode 12 as a negative electrode are provided, and the first terminal and the second terminal are connected to a positive electrode energization path. Are connected in series, and the third terminal is connected to the negative electrode or grounded.
  • FIG. 2 and 3 are perspective views schematically showing fuse elements before and after electrolytic corrosion, respectively.
  • the fuse element 11 before electrolytic corrosion maintains a short shape.
  • the fuse element 11 made of a base metal is ionized (corroded) as a positive electrode as shown in FIG. May occur.
  • the conductor resistance of the fuse element 11 increases, and the rated current value decreases.
  • heat and electrolyte between the fuse element 11 and the electrode 12 may evaporate due to heat generation due to the increase in the conductor resistance, the rated current value is reduced, so It can be shut off and the electrical circuit can be opened safely.
  • the fuse element is not limited to the configuration example described above, and for example, a plurality of fuse elements may be arranged in parallel, and electrodes may be arranged between the fuse elements.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a configuration example of a fuse element in which a plurality of fuse elements are arranged in parallel
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of the fuse element in which a plurality of fuse elements are arranged in parallel.
  • the fuse element includes a first electrode 22A, a first separator 23A, a first fuse element 21A, a second separator 23B, a second electrode 22B, and a third electrode.
  • Separator 23C, second fuse element 21B, fourth separator 23D, third electrode 22C, fifth separator 23E, third fuse element 21C, sixth separator 23F, 4 electrodes 22D are stacked in this order.
  • the first to third fuse elements 21A, 21B, 21C, the first to fourth electrodes 22A, 22B, 22C, 22D, and the first to sixth separators 23A, 23B, 23C, 23D, 23E, 23F are These are the same as the above-described fuse element 11, electrode 12, and separator, respectively, and description thereof is omitted here.
  • the rated current can be increased and the electrolytic corrosion of the fuse elements when water enters between the fuse elements and the electrodes can be promoted.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an application example in which the fuse element is used in a circuit in a battery pack of a lithium ion secondary battery. As shown in FIG. 6, for example, the fuse element 10 is used by being incorporated in a battery pack 30 having a battery stack 35 including battery cells 31 to 34 of a total of four lithium ion secondary batteries.
  • the battery pack 30 includes a battery stack 35, a charge / discharge control circuit 40 that controls charging / discharging of the battery stack 35, a fuse element 10 that shuts off the output of the battery stack 35 in the event of an abnormality, and the voltages of the battery cells 31 to 34. And a detection circuit 36 for detection.
  • the battery stack 35 is a series of battery cells 31 to 34 that need to be controlled to protect against overcharge and overdischarge states, and is detachable via the positive terminal 30a and the negative terminal 30b of the battery pack 30. Are connected to the charging device 45, and a charging voltage from the charging device 45 is applied thereto. By connecting the battery pack 30 charged by the charging device 45 to the positive terminal 30a and the negative terminal 30b to an electronic apparatus that operates with a battery, the electronic apparatus can be operated.
  • the charge / discharge control circuit 40 includes two current control elements 41 and 42 connected in series to a current path flowing from the battery stack 35 to the charging device 45, and a control unit 43 that controls the operation of these current control elements 41 and 42. Is provided.
  • the current control elements 41 and 42 are configured by, for example, field effect transistors (hereinafter referred to as FETs), and control of the gate voltage by the control unit 43 to control conduction and interruption of the current path of the battery stack 35. To do.
  • FETs field effect transistors
  • the control unit 43 operates by receiving power supply from the charging device 45 or the battery stack 35, and cuts off the current path when the battery stack 35 is overdischarged or overcharged according to the detection result by the detection circuit 36. In addition, the operation of the current control elements 41 and 42 is controlled.
  • the fuse element 10 includes a first terminal and a second terminal for energizing the fuse element 11, and a third terminal connecting the electrode 12 as a negative electrode.
  • the first terminal and the second terminal Is connected on the charge / discharge current path between the battery stack 35 and the charge / discharge control circuit 40, and the third terminal is connected to the negative electrode side.
  • the detection circuit 36 is connected to each of the battery cells 31 to 34, detects the voltage value of each of the battery cells 31 to 34, outputs a signal to the current control element 38 in the event of an abnormality, energizes, and is charged by the operation of the protection element 37. Breaks the discharge current path.
  • the protection element 37 is connected to, for example, a charge / discharge current path between the battery stack 35 and the charge / discharge control circuit 40, and its operation is controlled by the current control element 38.
  • the protective element 10 has, for example, a circuit configuration including a soluble conductor and a heating element that melts the soluble conductor by energizing and generating heat through a connection point of the soluble conductor, and the soluble conductor is filled with the soluble element.
  • the heating element is connected to the current control element 38 in series on the discharge current path.
  • the current control element 38 operates the protection element 37 when the voltage value of the battery cells 31 to 34 exceeds a predetermined overdischarge or overcharge state by the detection signal output from the detection circuit 36, Control is performed so that the charge / discharge current path of the battery stack 35 is cut off regardless of the switching operation of the current control elements 31 and 32.
  • water enters between the fuse element 11 and the electrode 12 at the time of abnormality such as water leakage, and the fuse element 11 is eroded.
  • the rated current value is lowered, so that the current can be shut off by the energizing current to the fuse element 11 and the electric circuit can be opened safely.
  • the connection destination of the third terminal of the fuse element 10 is particularly limited. It is not something.
  • the third terminal is connected to the detection circuit 36, it is possible to detect that water has entered between the fuse element 11 and the electrode 12.
  • the positive electrode side may be connected to the fuse element 11 and the negative electrode side may be connected to the third terminal.
  • the third terminal may be grounded.
  • the metal having a large ionization tendency is eroded simply by immersing two metals having different ionization tendencies in the electrolyte, the third terminal may be opened.

Landscapes

  • Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
PCT/JP2015/065857 2014-06-03 2015-06-02 ヒューズ素子 WO2015186687A1 (ja)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201580028921.1A CN106463315B (zh) 2014-06-03 2015-06-02 熔丝单元
KR1020167033080A KR102378642B1 (ko) 2014-06-03 2015-06-02 퓨즈 소자

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2014-114535 2014-06-03
JP2014114535A JP6406881B2 (ja) 2014-06-03 2014-06-03 ヒューズ素子

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015186687A1 true WO2015186687A1 (ja) 2015-12-10

Family

ID=54766757

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP2015/065857 WO2015186687A1 (ja) 2014-06-03 2015-06-02 ヒューズ素子

Country Status (5)

Country Link
JP (1) JP6406881B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR102378642B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN106463315B (zh)
TW (1) TWI670743B (zh)
WO (1) WO2015186687A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10964495B2 (en) * 2015-10-07 2021-03-30 Dexerials Corporation Switch device, electronic component, and battery system

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6708388B2 (ja) * 2015-10-07 2020-06-10 デクセリアルズ株式会社 液濡れセンサー、スイッチ素子、バッテリシステム

Citations (2)

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JP2002150918A (ja) * 2000-11-08 2002-05-24 Daito Communication Apparatus Co Ltd 保護素子
JP2009037935A (ja) * 2007-08-03 2009-02-19 Uchihashi Estec Co Ltd 抵抗付き温度ヒューズ

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JP3475060B2 (ja) 1997-11-12 2003-12-08 三洋電機株式会社 水没判定シールを内装したパック電池
JP3793359B2 (ja) 1998-11-30 2006-07-05 株式会社オートネットワーク技術研究所 水濡れセンサ及び水濡れセンサを備えた電子制御回路基板
CN1259684C (zh) * 2003-08-25 2006-06-14 比亚迪股份有限公司 合金型温度保险丝的制造方法
CN101277009A (zh) * 2007-03-30 2008-10-01 卢浩义 汽车电源电路及电器电子设备的半导体保护控制系统
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EP2573790A1 (en) * 2011-09-26 2013-03-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Fuse element
KR101811379B1 (ko) * 2011-10-19 2017-12-26 에스케이이노베이션 주식회사 센싱 어셈블리의 과전류 차단을 위한 퓨즈가 포함된 배터리 팩 시스템

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JP2002150918A (ja) * 2000-11-08 2002-05-24 Daito Communication Apparatus Co Ltd 保護素子
JP2009037935A (ja) * 2007-08-03 2009-02-19 Uchihashi Estec Co Ltd 抵抗付き温度ヒューズ

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10964495B2 (en) * 2015-10-07 2021-03-30 Dexerials Corporation Switch device, electronic component, and battery system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN106463315B (zh) 2019-12-24
JP6406881B2 (ja) 2018-10-17
JP2015228354A (ja) 2015-12-17
TWI670743B (zh) 2019-09-01
KR20170013245A (ko) 2017-02-06
CN106463315A (zh) 2017-02-22
TW201601180A (zh) 2016-01-01
KR102378642B1 (ko) 2022-03-24

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