WO2015168972A1 - 西部沙漠化矿区浅埋煤层的风积沙空场充填方法 - Google Patents

西部沙漠化矿区浅埋煤层的风积沙空场充填方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015168972A1
WO2015168972A1 PCT/CN2014/079202 CN2014079202W WO2015168972A1 WO 2015168972 A1 WO2015168972 A1 WO 2015168972A1 CN 2014079202 W CN2014079202 W CN 2014079202W WO 2015168972 A1 WO2015168972 A1 WO 2015168972A1
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Prior art keywords
sand
coal
mining
winch
filling
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PCT/CN2014/079202
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张农
潘东江
赵一鸣
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中国矿业大学
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Application filed by 中国矿业大学 filed Critical 中国矿业大学
Priority to AU2014393189A priority Critical patent/AU2014393189B2/en
Priority to RU2016120684A priority patent/RU2635927C1/ru
Publication of WO2015168972A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015168972A1/zh
Priority to ZA2016/03501A priority patent/ZA201603501B/en

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21FSAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F15/00Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21FSAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F15/00Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
    • E21F15/06Filling-up mechanically

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an aeolian sand empty field filling method for a shallow coal seam in a western desertification mining area, and is particularly suitable for a coal mining face with good self-stabilizing performance of the roof and a certain scale empty field.
  • the western desertification mining area has shallow coal seam burial, large mining thickness, thin bedrock thickness, and aeolian sand loose layer thickness as geological structural features, and there are localized thick hydrogeological features of the aquifer in the aeolian sand loose layer.
  • Mining under conditions is not only easy to cause overburden damage and surface subsidence, but also easily lead to major water inrush or sand collapse.
  • Engineering practice shows that burying water or sand to bury the working face or roadway is one of the main hidden dangers that threaten mine safety.
  • Filling mining is the most intuitive and effective method to solve the problems of overburden damage, surface subsidence, water inrush and sand collapse.
  • coal-filling mining at home and abroad is mainly divided into three categories according to different filling materials: solid filling technology such as vermiculite, fly ash and loess, paste, paste-like filling technology, high water and super high water material filling technology.
  • solid filling technology such as vermiculite, fly ash and loess, paste, paste-like filling technology, high water and super high water material filling technology.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the existing filling technology, and to provide an aeolian sand empty field filling method for a shallow buried coal seam in a western desertification mining area, which utilizes aeolian sand filling to solve overburden damage and surface subsidence. Problems such as water inrush and sand collapse, thereby increasing production efficiency, reducing input equipment, and reducing filling costs.
  • the aeolian sand empty field filling method of the shallow buried coal seam in the western desertification mining area of the present invention comprises the following steps: a. determining the technical parameters of the coal mining face and the quicksand well according to the occurrence characteristics of the coal seam and the mining technical conditions; b Distributed fixed-point drilling: Arranging a plurality of quicksand wells leading to the surface at intervals above the coal mining face and the open space formed after mining;
  • Quantitative transportation of surface surface Arrange the sand-sand winch around the surface of the sand-sand well, transport the surrounding aeolian sand to the quicksand well, control the flow of the aeolian sand, and ensure the stability and safety of the quick-sand well and its surroundings;
  • a movable shuttle leveling system is arranged to assist the filling operation; the movable shuttle
  • the flattening system includes a winch winch, a bucket, a pulley and a pulley track.
  • the bucket is connected to the sand winch and the pulley respectively through the wire rope.
  • the pulley track is placed on the roof of the roadway on both sides of the coal mining face, and the winch is arranged on the floor.
  • Orbital riding the winch winch on the winch track, with the coal mining face advancing, controlling the shuttle to reciprocate shuttle movement in the empty field, so that the sand pile formed by the bottom of the flow sand well is evenly leveled, and filled in time After filling the empty field, the winch winch moves closer to the coal mining face along the winch track, and the pulley moves closer to the coal mining face along the pulley track.
  • the drilling diameter of the quicksand well is not lower than the equivalent diameter when the aeolian sand falls, the equivalent diameter is 3 ⁇ 4, where 4 is the coal production capacity, the drilling diameter is generally 200 ⁇ 400mm, and the aeolian sand flow is generally 0.04 ⁇ 0.20m 3 /s
  • the length of the coal mining face is limited by the amount of the downhole winch winch, not exceeding 100m
  • the distance between the empty field and the strike is wider.
  • the temporary support is used to increase the strength of the top plate to prolong the self-stabilization time.
  • the spacing of the flow sand wells is limited by the capacity of the downhole winch winch, generally not exceeding 100m, not less than 5 ⁇ 15m.
  • the invention utilizes the characteristics of small amount of surface drilling to shallow buried coal seam engineering and good self-flow performance of surface aeolian sand, and arranges drilling above the empty field formed after mining coal mining face, directly pouring the aeolian sand into the empty field , to achieve filling.
  • the method opens up a new technical approach for green mining in the desertification mining area in western China, which has high production efficiency, low input equipment and low filling cost.
  • the movable shuttle leveling system is simple and easy to operate. After the flat sand is accumulated, the high-efficiency filling or partially filling the empty field, the void ratio is low, the compactness is large, and the filling effect is good;
  • FIG. 1 is a top plan view showing an aeolian sand empty field filling method for a shallow buried coal seam in a western desertification mining area according to the present invention.
  • 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an aeolian sand empty field filling method for a shallow coal seam in a western desertification mining area according to the present invention.
  • 3 is a schematic perspective view of an aeolian sand empty field filling method for a shallow buried coal seam in a western desertification mining area according to the present invention.
  • a. Determine the technical parameters of the coal mining face 8 and the quicksand well 1 according to the characteristics of the coal seam and the technical conditions of the mining; b. Distributed fixed-point drilling: arranged at intervals above the coal mining face 8 and the empty field 9 formed after mining Construction of multiple quicksand wells to the surface;
  • Quantitative transportation of surface surface Arrange the shoal winch around the surface of the quicksand well 1 and transport the surrounding aeolian sand to the quicksand well 1 to control the flow of the aeolian sand and ensure the stability and safety of the quicksand well 1 and its surroundings;
  • a movable shuttle leveling system is arranged to assist the filling operation;
  • the movable shuttle leveling system comprises a sand winch 2, a bucket 3, a pulley 4, and a pulley track 5,
  • the bucket 3 is connected to the sand winch 2 and the pulley 4 via the wire rope respectively, and the pulley track 5 is set on the top plate of the roadway 7 on both sides of the coal mining face 8, the winch track 6 is arranged on the floor, and the winch winch 2 is rided on the winch
  • the control bucket 3 reciprocates in the empty field 9, so that the sand pile formed under the streamhole well 1 is evenly leveled, and the empty field 9 is filled in time, filling After the empty field 9, the raking winch 2 moves closer to the coal mining face 8 along the winch track 6, while the pulley 4 moves closer to the coal mining face 8 along the pulley track 5.
  • the drilling diameter of the quicksand well 1 is not lower than the equivalent diameter when the aeolian sand falls, and the equivalent diameter is 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 , where the coal production capacity is, the diameter of the drilling is generally 200 ⁇ 400mm, and the flow of the aeolian sand is generally 0.04 ⁇ 0.20. m 3 /s.
  • the length of the coal mining face 8 is limited by the amount of the rope capacity of the downhole winch, and generally does not exceed 100 m.
  • the temporary support is used to increase the strength of the top plate to prolong the self-stabilization time.
  • the spacing of the quicksand wells 1 is limited by the amount of the ropes of the downhole winch, generally not exceeding 100 m and not less than 5 to 15 m.
  • the row spacing of the quicksand well 1 is consistent with the self-stabilizing span of the coal mining face 8 in the propulsion direction and the working surface period, generally not exceeding 10 ⁇ 40m, in order to minimize the accumulation of sand in the coal mining
  • the carrying distance in the direction of advancement of the working face; wherein: the working face period is determined by the formula L K / ⁇ /( 3 , where: ⁇ is the old top cycle to press the lay length; R T is the old The tensile strength of the top rock layer; the load of the old top rock beam; A is the single layer thickness of the old top rock layer.
  • a mine in the west is buried about 65m deep, the aeolian sand loose layer is about 45m thick, the bedrock is about 20m thick, and the coal bulk density y is 1.3t/m 3 .
  • the designed mining face 8 has a length L of 90 m and a mining height H of 5.2 m.
  • the empty field roof has better self-stability performance.
  • the average cycle is 15m, the row spacing is 15m, and the 1-1 is arranged, and a movable shuttle leveling system based on the shoal winch is arranged.
  • One shoal winch 2 is arranged on the roadway 7 on both sides of the coal mining face 8, the volume of the bucket 3 is 1.2m 3 , the total number of hoppers 3 is 2, and the capacity of the winch is 100m.
  • the average working speed of bucket 3 is 1.2m/s, the daily filling and filling operation time is 0.5d, the coal mining operation time is 0.5d, and the annual working day is 330d.
  • a pulley track 5 is erected on the top plate of the roadway 7 on both sides of the coal mining face 8, a winch track 6 is arranged on the floor, and the winch winch 2 is mounted on the winch track 6, with the coal mining face 8 advancing, Control the bucket 3 to reciprocate shuttle movement in the empty field 9, thereby evenly leveling the sand pile formed by the flow of the sand well 1 and filling the empty field 9 in time, after filling the empty field 9, the winch winch 2 along the winch track 6
  • the coal working face 8 is moved closer, and the pulley 4 is moved closer to the coal mining face 8 along the pulley track 5.

Abstract

一种西部沙漠化矿区浅埋煤层的风积沙空场充填方法,适用于顶板自稳性能较好、后方能形成一定尺度空场的采煤工作面。利用地表钻井到浅埋煤层工程量小和风积沙自流性能好的特征,在采煤工作面(8)开采后形成的空场(9)上方布置钻井,直接将风积沙灌入空场,在井下周期来压之前,分段充填空场,实现风积沙对空场的充填。由于西部煤层埋藏浅,上覆松散层厚,基岩薄,钻井工程量小,成本低,施工周期短。同时能够有效地解决覆岩破坏、地表沉陷问题,缓解突水溃沙,改善西部矿区环境。为我国西部沙漠化矿区绿色开采开辟了一条新的技术途径,其生产效率高,投入设备少,充填成本低。

Description

西部沙漠化矿区浅埋煤层的风积沙空场充填方法
技术领域
本发明涉及煤矿一种西部沙漠化矿区浅埋煤层的风积沙空场充填方法,尤其适用于顶板 自稳性能较好、 后方能形成一定尺度空场的采煤工作面。
背景技术
西部沙漠化矿区以煤层埋藏浅、 开采厚度大、 基岩厚度薄、 风积沙松散层厚为地质构造 特征,并有风积沙松散层内含水层局部较厚的水文地质特征,在这种条件下开采不仅容易引 起覆岩破坏和地表沉陷, 而且易导致重大突水或溃沙等灾害事故。工程实践表明, 突水或溃 沙掩埋工作面或巷道, 已是威胁矿井安全的主要隐患之一。而充填开采是解决覆岩破坏、地 表沉陷、 突水和溃沙等问题的最直观和有效的方法。
目前国内外煤矿充填开采按充填材料不同主要分为 3类: 矸石、 粉煤灰、 黄土等固体充 填技术, 膏体、 似膏体充填技术, 高水、 超高水材料充填技术。 这 3类方法在不同程度地解 决了上述问题。其中固体充填技术由于其机械化程度相对高、回采率高等优点而得到广泛地 推广。但是目前固体充填在工业广场设流沙井, 而部分采区离工业广场远, 造成井下运料路 线长, 运料能力不足, 运料系统可靠性大大受限, 且占用井下原本有限的空间和运料能力, 因此生产效率不高。 同时投入的设备较多, 成本较高。研究一种风积沙充填法, 在西部沙漠 化矿区具有重要的现实意义和广阔的应用前景。
发明内容
技术问题:本发明的目的是要解决现有充填技术中存在的问题,提供一种西部沙漠化矿 区浅埋煤层的风积沙空场充填方法, 利用风积沙充填来解决覆岩破坏、地表沉陷、突水和溃 沙等问题, 从而提高生产效率, 减少投入设备, 降低充填成本。
技术方案: 本发明的西部沙漠化矿区浅埋煤层的风积沙空场充填法, 包括如下步骤: a、 根据煤层赋存特征和开采技术条件, 确定采煤工作面和流沙井的技术参数; b、 分布式定点钻井: 在采煤工作面和开采后形成的空场上方间隔排列施工多个通向地 表的流沙井;
c、 地表定量运料: 在地表围绕流沙井布置耙沙绞车, 将周围风积沙耙运到流沙井中, 控制风积沙流量, 并保证流沙井及其周围的稳定、 安全;
d、 工作面循环作业: 随着采煤作业的推进, 在井下周期来压之前, 分段充填空场, 实 现风积沙对空场的充填;
若风积沙自流性较差时, 布置可移动梭式摊平系统, 辅助完成充填作业; 所述可移动梭 式摊平系统包括耙沙绞车、耙斗、滑轮、滑轮轨道, 耙斗经钢丝绳分别与耙沙绞车和滑轮相 连, 在采煤工作面两侧的沿空巷道顶板架设滑轮轨道, 在底板布设绞车轨道, 将耙沙绞车骑 于绞车轨道上, 随着采煤工作面推进, 控制耙斗在空场内往复梭式运动, 从而将流沙井下方 投料形成的沙堆均匀地摊平, 并及时充填空场, 充填空场后, 耙沙绞车沿绞车轨道向采煤工 作面移近, 同时滑轮沿滑轮轨道向采煤工作面移近。
所述流沙井的钻井直径不低于风积沙下落时的当量直径 , 当量直径 ¾ , 式中4为产煤能力, 钻井直径一般取 200~400mm, 风积沙流量一般取 0.04~0.20m3/s
所述采煤工作面的长度受井下耙沙绞车容绳量限制, 不超过 100m
所述空场沿走向的距离较宽, 顶板自稳性能较差时, 采用临时支护手段提高顶板强度, 以延长自稳时间。
所述流沙井的间距受井下耙沙绞车容绳量限制, 一般不超过 100m、 不低于 5~15m 所述流沙井的排距与空场在采煤工作面推进方向自稳跨距、 工作面周期来压歩距一致, 一般不超过 10~40m, 以尽量减少风积沙在采煤工作面推进方向上的搬运距离; 其中: 工作 面周期来压歩距由式 LK = /^7^/(3 确定, 式中: ^为老顶周期来压歩距; 7^为老顶岩 层抗拉强度; 为老顶岩梁所受载荷; A为老顶岩层的单层厚度。
有益效果: 本发明利用地表钻井到浅埋煤层工程量小和地表风积沙自流性能好的特征, 在采煤工作面开采后形成的空场上方布置钻井, 直接将风积沙灌入空场, 实现充填。本方法 为我国西部沙漠化矿区绿色开采开辟了一条新的技术途径, 其生产效率高, 投入设备少, 充 填成本低。 具体优点如下:
1、 采用风积沙充填法, 能够有效地解决覆岩破坏、 地表沉陷问题, 缓解突水溃沙, 改 善西部矿区环境;
2、 由于西部埋藏浅, 上覆松散层厚, 基岩薄, 钻井工程量小, 成本低, 周期短, 且极 大缩短了运料路线, 基本不占用井下空间, 大大提高了生产效率;
3、 西部沙漠化矿区风积沙广布, 便于就地取材, 降低了充填成本;
4、 可移动梭式摊平系统简单易操作, 摊平风积沙后, 高效充填或部分充填空场, 空隙 率低, 密实度大, 充填效果好;
5、 尤其适用于顶板自稳性能较好、 后方能形成一定尺度空场的采煤工作面; 顶板自稳 性能较差时, 采用临时支护手段后也可适用。
附图说明
图 1是本发明的西部沙漠化矿区浅埋煤层的风积沙空场充填法俯视示意图。 图 2是本发明的西部沙漠化矿区浅埋煤层的风积沙空场充填法剖面示意图。 图 3是本发明的西部沙漠化矿区浅埋煤层的风积沙空场充填法立体示意图。
图中: 1-流沙井, 2-耙沙绞车, 3-耙斗, 4-滑轮, 5-滑轮轨道, 6-绞车轨道, 7-沿空巷道,
8-采煤工作面, 9-空场。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的实施例作进一步的描述:
本发明的西部沙漠化矿区浅埋煤层的风积沙空场充填方法, 具体步骤如下:
a、 根据煤层赋存特征和开采技术条件, 确定采煤工作面 8和流沙井 1的技术参数; b、 分布式定点钻井: 在采煤工作面 8和开采后形成的空场 9上方间隔排列施工多个通 向地表的流沙井 1 ;
c、 地表定量运料: 在地表围绕流沙井 1布置耙沙绞车, 将周围风积沙耙运到流沙井 1 中, 控制风积沙流量, 并保证流沙井 1及其周围的稳定、 安全;
d、 工作面循环作业: 随着采煤作业的推进, 在井下周期来压之前, 分段充填空场(9), 实现风积沙对空场的充填;
若风积沙自流性较差时, 布置可移动梭式摊平系统, 辅助完成充填作业; 所述可移动梭 式摊平系统包括耙沙绞车 2、耙斗 3、滑轮 4、滑轮轨道 5, 耙斗 3经钢丝绳分别与耙沙绞车 2和滑轮 4相连, 在采煤工作面 8两侧的沿空巷道 7顶板架设滑轮轨道 5, 在底板布设绞车 轨道 6, 将耙沙绞车 2骑于绞车轨道 6上, 随着采煤工作面 8推进, 控制耙斗 3在空场 9内 往复梭式运动, 从而将流沙井 1下方投料形成的沙堆均匀地摊平, 并及时充填空场 9, 充填 空场 9后,耙沙绞车 2沿绞车轨道 6向采煤工作面 8移近, 同时滑轮 4沿滑轮轨道 5向采煤 工作面 8移近。
所述流沙井 1的钻井直径不低于风积沙下落时的当量直径 , 当量直径¾ ^ ¾ , 式 中 为产煤能力, 钻井直径一般取 200~400mm, 风积沙流量一般取 0.04~0.20m3/s。
所述采煤工作面 8的长度受井下耙沙绞车容绳量限制, 一般不超过 100m。
所述空场 9沿走向的距离较宽,顶板自稳性能较差时,采用临时支护手段提高顶板强度, 以延长自稳时间。
所述流沙井 1的间距受井下耙沙绞车容绳量限制, 一般不超过 100m、 不低于 5~15m。 所述流沙井 1的排距与空场 9在采煤工作面 8推进方向自稳跨距、工作面周期来压歩距 一致, 一般不超过 10~40m, 以尽量减少风积沙在采煤工作面推进方向上的搬运距离; 其中: 工作面周期来压歩距由式 LK = /^/(3 确定, 式中: ^为老顶周期来压歩距; RT为老 顶岩层抗拉强度; 为老顶岩梁所受载荷; A为老顶岩层的单层厚度。
实例 1、
(1)西部某矿埋深约 65m, 风积沙松散层厚约 45m, 基岩厚约 20m, 煤容重 y为 1.3t/m 3。 设计采煤工作面 8长度 L为 90m, 采高 H为 5.2m。 空场顶板自稳性能较好。 平均周期 来压步距 15m, 取流沙井排距 15m, 按 1-1布置, 并布置以耙沙绞车为主的可移动梭式摊平 系统。
(2)在采煤工作面 8两侧的沿空巷道 7各布置 1台耙沙绞车 2, 耙斗 3容积 =1.2m3, 耙斗 3总数 π为 2个, 绞车容绳量 100m, 耙斗 3平均工作速度 为 1.2m/s, 每日摊平充填作 业时间 0.5d, 采煤作业时间 0.5d, 年工作日 330d, 可推导出日摊平体积计算公式为 t½«m ¾ ¾¾>o 易知投料形成的沙堆体积 V=¾ ¾ »S , 其中 «Hrt«, «为风积沙 的自然堆积角, 取 =32°。 所以根据等体积部分充填原理, 令充填率 =0.8, 可以推导出工作
Figure imgf000006_0001
|» ; 1^ 。 代 入数据计算得到工作面理论产煤能力 Α=83.2万 t/a, 最大推进度¾=41^ 代入风积沙下落 时的当量直径计算公式 «織暴 得出其当量直径 =180mm。 代入风积沙下落流量计算 公式 得出其流量 Q=0.045mVs。 故流沙井钻井直径可取 250m, 流量控制 在 0.04~0.05m3/s。
(3) 在采煤工作面 8两侧的沿空巷道 7顶板架设滑轮轨道 5, 在底板布设绞车轨道 6, 将耙沙绞车 2骑于绞车轨道 6上, 随着采煤工作面 8推进,控制耙斗 3在空场 9内往复梭式 运动,从而将流沙井 1下方投料形成的沙堆均匀地摊平,并及时充填空场 9,充填空场 9后, 耙沙绞车 2沿绞车轨道 6向采煤工作面 8移近, 同时滑轮 4沿滑轮轨道 5向采煤工作面 8 移近。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种西部沙漠化矿区浅埋煤层的风积沙空场充填方法, 其特征在于: 包括如下步 骤:
a、 根据煤层赋存特征和开采技术条件, 确定采煤工作面 (8) 和流沙井 (1) 的技术参 数;
b、 分布式定点钻井: 在采煤工作面 (8) 和开采后形成的空场 (9) 上方间隔排列施工 多个通向地表的流沙井 (1);
c、 地表定量运料: 在地表围绕流沙井 (1) 布置耙沙绞车, 将周围风积沙耙运到流沙井 (1) 中, 控制风积沙流量, 并保证流沙井 (1) 及其周围的稳定、 安全;
d、 工作面循环作业: 随着采煤作业的推进, 在井下周期来压之前, 分段充填空场 (9), 实现风积沙对空场的充填;
若风积沙自流性较差时, 布置可移动梭式摊平系统, 辅助完成充填作业; 所述可移动梭 式摊平系统包括耙沙绞车 (2)、 耙斗 (3)、 滑轮 (4)、 滑轮轨道 (5), 耙斗 (3) 经钢丝绳 分别与耙沙绞车 (2) 和滑轮 (4) 相连, 在采煤工作面 (8) 两侧的沿空巷道 (7) 顶板架设 滑轮轨道 (5), 在底板布设绞车轨道 (6), 将耙沙绞车 (2) 骑于绞车轨道 (6) 上, 随着采 煤工作面 (8) 推进, 控制耙斗 (3) 在空场 (9) 内往复梭式运动, 从而将流沙井 (1) 下方 投料形成的沙堆均匀地摊平, 并及时充填空场 (9), 充填空场 (9) 后, 耙沙绞车 (2) 沿绞 车轨道 (6) 向采煤工作面 (8) 移近, 同时滑轮 (4) 沿滑轮轨道 (5) 向采煤工作面 (8) 移近。
2、 根据权利要求 1 所述的西部沙漠化矿区浅埋煤层的风积沙空场充填法, 其特征在 于: 所述流沙井 ( 1 ) 的钻井直径不低于风积沙下落时的当量直径 , 当量直径 《隱 , 式中 ^为产煤能力, 钻井直径取 200~400mm, 风积沙流量一般取
Figure imgf000007_0001
3、 根据权利要求 1 所述的西部沙漠化矿区浅埋煤层的风积沙空场充填方法, 其特征在 于: 所述采煤工作面 (8) 的长度受井下耙沙绞车容绳量限制, 一般不超过 100m。
4、 根据权利要求 1 所述的西部沙漠化矿区的浅埋煤层风积沙空场充填方法, 其特征在 于: 所述空场 (9) 沿走向的距离较宽, 顶板自稳性能较差时, 采用临时支护手段提高顶板 强度, 以延长自稳时间。
5、 根据权利要求 1 所述的西部沙漠化矿区浅埋煤层的风积沙空场充填方法, 其特征在 于: 所述流沙井 (1) 的间距受井下耙沙绞车容绳量限制, 一般不超过 100m、 不低于 5~ 15m。
6、 根据权利要求 1 所述的西部沙漠化矿区浅埋煤层的风积沙空场充填方法, 其特征在 于: 所述流沙井 (1 ) 的排距与空场 (9 ) 在采煤工作面 (8 ) 推进方向自稳跨距、 工作面周 期来压歩距一致, 不超过 10~40m, 以尽量减少风积沙在采煤工作面推进方向上的搬运距 离; 其中: 工作面周期来压歩距由式 LK = h^T/(3q)确定, 式中: LK为老顶周期来压歩 距; 7^为老顶岩层抗拉强度; g为老顶岩梁所受载荷; A为老顶岩层的单层厚度。
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