WO2015165313A1 - Procédé et appareil de processus de déshumidification par adsorption - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil de processus de déshumidification par adsorption Download PDF

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WO2015165313A1
WO2015165313A1 PCT/CN2015/074579 CN2015074579W WO2015165313A1 WO 2015165313 A1 WO2015165313 A1 WO 2015165313A1 CN 2015074579 W CN2015074579 W CN 2015074579W WO 2015165313 A1 WO2015165313 A1 WO 2015165313A1
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gas
adsorption
dehumidification
regeneration
dehumidifier
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PCT/CN2015/074579
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
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黄海涛
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广东工业大学
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a dehumidification technology applicable to industries such as thermal energy, chemical industry, metallurgy, electronics, machinery and light industry, and more particularly to a process and device for adsorption and dehumidification.
  • Dehumidification techniques are commonly used to treat wet gases to obtain a dry gas.
  • air dehumidification in various facilities such as factory floors and warehouses
  • many industrial sectors often require chemical feed gas, energy gases such as natural gas and gas, and various industrial gases for various purposes.
  • Dehumidification treatment is carried out.
  • the raw material gas needs to be dehumidified to below -60 ° C dew point to prevent moisture from degrading the activity of the catalyst.
  • dehumidification of compressed natural gas is mainly to prevent the formation of natural gas hydrate, which needs to be in the steel industry.
  • Blast furnace blasting uses air to dehumidify to improve the quality of steel products.
  • the compressed air produced by compressed air stations commonly used in electronics and machinery industries must be dehumidified before use.
  • the purpose of treating the moisture-containing gas by the dehumidification technique is sometimes to collect moisture from the moisture-containing gas.
  • Freezing and dehumidification is to cool the gas below the dew point to cause moisture to coagulate and precipitate.
  • the advantage of freezing and dehumidification is that the amount of dehumidification is large, and the disadvantage is that the price of the refrigeration equipment is high and the power consumption is large.
  • the temperature is lower than about 15 ° C, the dehumidification capacity is obviously decreased, the frost is easy to be formed, and the refrigeration compressor is operated with a large noise.
  • Absorption and dehumidification is to absorb water with a liquid hygroscopic agent such as triethylene glycol or lithium chloride solution, and the disadvantage is that the corrosion is large.
  • Adsorption dehumidification is the adsorption of moisture from a gas by a solid hygroscopic agent.
  • Silica gel is the most commonly used moisture absorbent with a moisture absorption of up to 40% of its own weight.
  • Other moisture absorbents include zeolite molecular sieves, activated alumina, calcium chloride, potassium chloride, lithium chloride, etc., which are usually in the form of granules or bonded to a substrate or a support material by bonding, sol-gel or the like. Layered and so on.
  • the adsorption dehumidifier is a dehumidification device containing a solid moisture absorbent, and the solid moisture absorbent can be loaded in the range of several kilograms to several hundred kilograms, and the basic forms thereof are a fixed bed type, a moving bed type, a fluidized bed type, and a rotating bed type (such as dehumidification conversion). Wheels, etc., its special form has multi-stage moving bed type, multi-stage fluidized bed type, double fluidized bed type and so on.
  • industrial-scale fixed bed adsorption dehumidification devices have been used in air and industrial gas dehumidification applications.
  • rotary bed adsorption dehumidification devices began to be used for air humidity conditioning in residential and industrial facilities.
  • the advantage of adsorption dehumidification is that the equipment cost is low, and the dehumidification effect is better when the temperature is lower.
  • the disadvantage is that the heating regeneration process after the moisture absorption agent is saturated has a large energy consumption.
  • Desorption heat heat required for moisture to be desorbed into the gas phase from the moisture absorbent
  • latent heat of vaporization heat required for evaporation of liquid water
  • the moisture absorbent is a poor conductor of heat.
  • the thermal conductivity of silica gel is only 0.14 W/m ⁇ K (corresponding to the thermal conductivity of asbestos insulation material). Heating the temperature of the moisture absorbent particles is a relatively slow process.
  • the moisture absorbent is a microporous material.
  • the average pore diameter of silica gel is The microporous pore volume is 0.6-1 cm 3 /g, and the internal surface area is 600-800 m 2 /g.
  • the moisture adsorbed by the moisture absorbent is retained in these pores. When heated for regeneration, this moisture must diffuse out of the micropores to enter the gas phase. Micropore diffusion is an extremely slow process, usually a rate controlling step in the desiccant dehydration regeneration process.
  • the regeneration temperature is generally higher than 100 ° C and lower than the heat resistant temperature of the moisture absorbent.
  • the regeneration temperature of silica gel is about 100-150 ° C
  • the heat-resistant temperature is about 200-250 ° C (the regeneration temperature and heat-resistant temperature of different moisture absorbent products are different). Try to be even when regenerative heating. If the local overheating exceeds the heat resistant temperature, the structure of the moisture absorbent will be destroyed and the performance will be degraded.
  • the regenerative heating method commonly used in the industry is the hot air regeneration method (or hot air regeneration method, hot gas regeneration method).
  • the regeneration process of the fixed bed air dehumidifier is generally: passing air heated to about 150 ° C into the dehumidifier to gradually increase the temperature of the moisture absorbent bed to a regeneration temperature of about 100 ° C, and the preheating heating process generally requires 0.5 to 1 hour; after the hygroscopic agent bed reaches the regeneration temperature, the hot air of 150 ° C is continuously supplied to provide the heat required for moisture desorption, and the hot air of 150 ° C releases the sensible heat to the moisture absorbent bed and then cools to about 80 ° C, the hygroscopic agent.
  • the moisture desorbed from the bed is carried to the outside by hot air at about 80 ° C, and the desorption process generally takes more than 2 hours.
  • the advantage of the hot air regeneration method is that the moisture absorbent bed can obtain relatively uniform heating.
  • the disadvantage is that a large amount of hot air must be supplied to provide sufficient heat, and the exhaust gas is continuously discharged throughout the regeneration process, so that the energy consumption is large.
  • the present invention provides an adsorption dehumidification scheme with low energy consumption for removing moisture from a gas in order to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art.
  • This solution has the necessary technical features of circulating heating, circulating dehydration regeneration, moisture removal, and cooling.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an adsorption dehumidification process, firstly introducing a moisture-containing gas into an adsorption dehumidifier for dehumidification treatment, and then dehydrating the moisture absorbent adsorbed inside the dehumidifier.
  • the regeneration is characterized in that the dehydration regeneration of the moisture adsorbing moisture adsorbing inside the dehumidifier comprises the following steps:
  • Step 1 circulating heating to increase the temperature, so that the gas circulates between the moisture absorbent and the regenerative heater, and transfers the heat provided by the regenerative heater to the moisture absorbent, thereby heating the moisture absorbent to reach the regeneration temperature;
  • Step 2 Circulating dehydration regeneration, continuing to circulate the gas between the adsorption dehumidifier and the regenerative heater, transferring the heat provided by the regenerative heater to the moisture absorbent to maintain the regeneration temperature of the moisture absorbent, and the moisture diffusing to the gas phase after being heated by the moisture absorbent
  • the moisture content of the circulating gas circulating between the moisture absorbent and the regenerative heater is gradually increased;
  • Step 3 Drain the water.
  • Step 4 Cool and cool the moisture absorbent to room temperature.
  • step 3 is carried out intermittently or continuously.
  • the moisture content of the circulating gas reaches 60 g/kg-dry gas or more, that is, when the moisture content is ⁇ 60 g/kg-dry gas, it is carried out in step one or step two. At the same time, start the operation of step three.
  • the operation of the third step is started while the first step or the second step is performed.
  • the water is discharged in one of the following ways: (a) condensed drainage mode: condensing a part of the circulating gas in the regeneration circuit, the condensed water is collected or discharged outward; (b) directly Emission method: a part of the circulating gas in the regeneration circuit is discharged to the outside.
  • condensed drainage mode condensing a part of the circulating gas in the regeneration circuit, the condensed water is collected or discharged outward
  • directly Emission method a part of the circulating gas in the regeneration circuit is discharged to the outside.
  • the present invention also discloses the following adsorption dehumidification device: an adsorption dehumidification device comprising a dehumidification gas path, the dehumidification gas line connected with an inlet to be dehumidified gas, an adsorption dehumidifier, a dehumidified gas outlet, the dehumidification gas There are also several valves on the road.
  • a dehumidifying fan is generally disposed on the dehumidifying gas path, and the humid gas is sent to the dehumidifying gas path through the dehumidifying fan and flows through the adsorption dehumidifier.
  • the moisture-containing gas can be dried, and the moisture-containing gas is dried and dehumidified, and then discharged from the dehumidified gas outlet to the outside, and further includes a regeneration circuit, a regenerative heater, a circulation fan, and a drainage device, and the circulation fan and the regenerative heater are disposed.
  • the circulation fan can cause the gas on the regeneration circuit to flow, and the regeneration heater enables the flowing gas on the regeneration circuit to be heated by the regeneration heater.
  • the moisture absorbent in the adsorption dehumidifier With the continuous operation of the dehumidification gas path, the moisture absorbent in the adsorption dehumidifier is gradually saturated, and in order to heat-regenerate the moisture absorbent, it can be heated by the hot gas in the regeneration circuit, and therefore, the regeneration circuit turns on the adsorption.
  • gas can circulate between the regeneration circuit and the adsorption dehumidifier and exchange heat, and finally the moisture absorbent inside the adsorption dehumidifier can be dehydrated and regenerated.
  • the dehumidification gas path is further provided with a plurality of valves
  • the dehumidification gas path and the regeneration circuit may be separated by a valve, and the regeneration circuit does not work; when the adsorption dehumidification device performs regeneration work
  • the valve is opened, the regeneration circuit is connected to the adsorption dehumidifier, so that the gas can be circulated between the regeneration circuit and the adsorption dehumidifier.
  • the gas in the adsorption dehumidifier can be blocked by the valve to be discharged through the dehumidification gas path.
  • the dehumidified gas outlet ensures that the adsorption dehumidifier can be fully recirculated and dehydrated.
  • the gas circulates between the moisture absorbent and the regenerative heater to transfer the heat provided by the regenerative heater to the moisture absorbent to maintain the regeneration temperature of the moisture absorbent.
  • the moisture absorbing agent particles are heated to diffuse moisture to the gas phase, and the moisture absorbent and the regenerative heater are The moisture content of the circulating gas flowing in between is gradually increased.
  • the "adsorption dehumidifier” includes all types of adsorption dehumidifiers.
  • the adsorption dehumidification device is an intermittent dehumidification device alternately performed by dehumidification and regeneration; and when the adsorption dehumidifier is a rotary bed type, the adsorption dehumidification device It is a continuous dehumidification device.
  • the drainage device is in communication with the regeneration circuit, and further, the drainage device includes an exhaust port or a condenser, the exhaust port or condenser is connected to a regeneration circuit, and the condenser is further provided with condensed water discharge Therefore, during the cyclic dehydration, when the moisture content of the circulating gas reaches a certain level, the opening degree of the valve can be adjusted, and the humid hot gas circulating in the regeneration circuit is intermittently or continuously flowed into the condenser, and the hot humid gas is contained.
  • the regeneration circuit After flowing through the condenser, the water vapor of the gas is condensed, the condensed water is discharged/collected from the condensed water discharge port, and the humid hot gas is thus dried; the regeneration circuit continues to perform the above-mentioned operation of circulating dehydration regeneration and discharge of water until After the non-condensed water is discharged, the next cooling operation is performed.
  • the adsorption dehumidifier is heated and regenerated, the heat transfer operation of the regenerative heater can be stopped, and the gas in the regeneration circuit can continue to flow between the condenser and the adsorption dehumidifier.
  • the adsorption dehumidifier is cooled, or the cooling gas is directly introduced into the dehumidification gas path, and the adsorption dehumidifier is directly cooled and sucked. After the dehumidifier is cooled to normal temperature, it will enter the next operation cycle.
  • the "drainage device" in the present invention means a device that discharges moisture or water vapor.
  • the interior of the adsorption dehumidifier is composed of a plurality of mutually separated absorbent absorbent beds
  • the regenerative heater comprises a heat exchange tube
  • the heat exchange tube passes through the interior of the adsorption dehumidifier and avoids A bed of absorbent.
  • the heating medium can be introduced into the heat exchange tube.
  • the cooling medium can be introduced into the heat exchange tube, so that a heating regeneration and cooling treatment method for the adsorption dehumidifier can be additionally provided. To make the adsorption dehumidification device more practical.
  • the regeneration circuit is disposed inside the adsorption dehumidifier, that is, the regeneration circuit turns on the input end and the output end of the adsorption dehumidifier from the inside of the adsorption dehumidifier, and is composed of two interconnected cavities inside the adsorption dehumidifier,
  • the dehumidification fan drives a gas to circulate between the two cavities, wherein the two cavities are provided with a moisture absorbent bed, and the regenerative heater comprises a heat exchange tube, and the heat exchange tube passes through the The interior of the dehumidifier is adsorbed and the bed of absorbent is avoided.
  • the beneficial effect is that the external circulation pipe and the valve are omitted, thereby reducing the heat loss.
  • the regenerative heater includes a heat exchange tube, and the heat exchange tube passes through the inside of the adsorption dehumidifier and avoids the In the moisture absorbent bed, the heating medium can be introduced into the heat exchange tube during the heating regeneration operation, and the cooling medium can be introduced into the heat exchange tube during the dehumidification operation.
  • the valve since the working mode of the adsorption dehumidification device is intermittent, that is, since only one adsorption dehumidification device and one dehumidification gas path are disposed in the dehumidification device, when the adsorption dehumidifier needs to be heated and regenerated, the valve must pass through the valve first.
  • the air outlet of the dehumidifier fan and the dehumidified gas outlet are closed, so that the dehumidification gas path cannot be dehumidified, and the adsorption dehumidifier can be heated and regenerated by the regeneration circuit, and the dehumidification device is adsorbed during the heating regeneration, so that the dehumidification operation cannot be performed, so the
  • the number of dehumidification paths is at least two, and each dehumidification gas path is connected in parallel with each other and separated by the plurality of valves, and the regeneration circuit respectively turns on the adsorption dehumidifiers on the respective dehumidification gas paths, and the gas can be separately Circulating flow and heat exchange between any one of the adsorption dehumidifiers and the regeneration circuit.
  • the other dehumidification gas path can be temporarily closed by the valve, and the dehumidification gas path is isolated from each other, that is, the adsorption dehumidifiers are also isolated from each other.
  • each of the adsorption dehumidifiers can alternately perform the dehumidification work and the heating regeneration, so that the adsorption dehumidification device can continuously perform the dehumidification work without interruption, and is more progressive.
  • the above-mentioned adsorption dehumidification device capable of continuously performing the dehumidification work is still lacking in environmental protection and energy conservation.
  • the adsorption dehumidifier performs dehumidification work and gradually reaches saturation. After that, the temperature is not high, and in the subsequent heating and regeneration process, the temperature is raised from normal temperature to 100 ° C.
  • Each heating regeneration operation requires the regenerative heater to consume a large amount of energy; on the other hand, after the regeneration is completed
  • the adsorption dehumidifier has a temperature of about 100 ° C, and needs to be cooled to normal temperature to be put into the dehumidification operation.
  • the cooling air is passed to the adsorption dehumidifier after the regeneration is completed, and the generated hot air is directly discharged to the outside.
  • the sensible heat of the adsorption dehumidifier is completely wasted; in combination with the above reasons, the dehumidification gas path is at least three, and each of the adsorption dehumidifiers is connected with a regenerative gas path.
  • the regenerative gas path can be Providing a circulation fan to cause gas to circulate between the two adsorption dehumidifiers through the regenerative gas path, so that the two suctions Dehumidifier can exchange heat. Therefore, by switching the two adsorption dehumidifiers through the regenerative gas path, heat exchange between the two adsorption dehumidifiers can be performed, especially for the adsorption dehumidifier just after the heating regeneration is completed and the heating regeneration is ready.
  • the heat exchange between the adsorption dehumidifiers transfers the high heat of the adsorption dehumidifier that has just completed the heating regeneration to the adsorption dehumidifier to be heated and regenerated, and the adsorption dehumidifier to be heated and regenerated is sufficiently preheated before the heating regeneration.
  • the remaining dehumidification gas path continues to perform the dehumidification work. Therefore, more than three dehumidification gas paths can be alternately switched in the above manner, so that the waste heat can be fully utilized while ensuring that the dehumidification device can continuously perform dehumidification work.
  • the energy required for the regenerative heater is reduced, the energy consumption for regenerative heating of the dehumidification device is reduced, and the device is environmentally friendly and energy-saving.
  • the adsorption dehumidifier is a dehumidification runner
  • the dehumidification gas path is connected to the moisture absorption zone of the dehumidification runner
  • the regeneration circuit is connected to the regeneration zone of the dehumidification runner.
  • the interface of one end of the dehumidification wheel moisture absorption zone is connected to the air supply port of the dehumidification fan, and the interface of the other end is connected to the dehumidified gas outlet, thus forming Dehumidification road.
  • the circulation fan in the regeneration circuit is continuously operated to circulate the regeneration gas between the regeneration heater and the regeneration zone to maintain the regeneration temperature of the regeneration zone.
  • the part of the runner that has absorbed the moisture into the regeneration zone is first heated by circulating heating, and then regenerated by circulating dehydration. Then, the part of the gas that has been dehydrated and regenerated is returned to the moisture absorption zone as the rotor rotates, and the rotary dehumidification device.
  • the adsorption and dehumidification apparatus of the present invention can also introduce a heat pump system of the prior art, and the heat pump system is a refrigerant liquid circulation system, and a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator are usually installed in the system. Wait.
  • the regenerative heater is a condenser disposed on the heat pump system, so for the regeneration circuit,
  • the condenser on the heat pump system functions as a regenerative heater;
  • the condenser of the regeneration circuit is a first evaporator disposed on the heat pump system, and thus, for the condensation branch of the dehumidification gas path and the regeneration circuit, Played a role as a cooler.
  • the prior art dehumidification rotor and refrigeration cycle coupling operation scheme is to set the evaporator on the dehumidification gas path before the dehumidification zone of the dehumidification runner, because the dehumidified gas at the place is normal temperature, so in the evaporator The temperature of the refrigerant liquid must be lower than about 10 ° C, thus causing a large load on the compressor. Therefore, further, the heat pump system is further provided with a second evaporator, and the second evaporator is connected in series with the first evaporator or Connected in parallel, the second evaporator is disposed on the dehumidifying gas path and between the adsorption dehumidifier and the dehumidified gas outlet.
  • the second evaporator is located between the adsorption dehumidifier and the dehumidified gas outlet, and can be absorbed from the adsorption dehumidifier or dehumidified on the dehumidifying gas path.
  • the heat of the runner and the heat is returned to the heat pump system. Since the temperature of the gas after passing through the adsorption dehumidifier or the dehumidification wheel will rise, the gas continues to flow through the second evaporator and exchange heat with it, so that the refrigerant
  • the liquid temperature can be higher than 10 ° C, so the compressor load is small.
  • the outlet end of the second evaporator is connected to the intake end of the adsorption dehumidifier, and the dehumidified gas flowing through the second evaporator can be returned to the adsorption dehumidifier to reduce the adsorption dehumidifier.
  • the temperature is effective to improve the dehumidification effect.
  • the regeneration circuit is provided with an air inlet for replenishing the regeneration circuit or adding a cooling gas.
  • the valve on the inflation channel may be opened, and a part of the gas to be dehumidified or dehumidified from the external gas or other gas source or the dehumidification gas path may be intermittently or continuously through the inflation channel.
  • the ground is replenished into a regenerative circuit that is heated by circulation.
  • an exhaust port for reducing the air pressure of the regeneration circuit is connected to the regeneration circuit.
  • the dehumidification operation is generally atmospheric pressure, and is used for dehumidification treatment of energy gas, chemical raw material gas and industrial gas
  • the dehumidification operation is generally operated under pressurized conditions, and the regeneration circuit is circulated during regeneration operation.
  • the heated gas is the same kind of gas during the dehumidification operation, and the pressure in the adsorption dehumidifier and the regeneration circuit may increase during the regeneration operation due to the pressure rise caused by the increase in the temperature of the gas during regenerative heating, and the water in the adsorbed state.
  • the pressure rise caused by the conversion to water vapor depends on the pressure level of the equipment such as the adsorption dehumidifier, the regenerative heater, the circulation fan, etc., and the adsorption dehumidifier and/or the regeneration circuit may be under pressure and need to be decompressed.
  • the regenerative circuit can be connected to the outside by using a pressure regulating tube.
  • the exhaust pipe is provided with a regulating valve, and the regulating valve can be opened to discharge part of the circulating gas.
  • the available forms include a manual valve, a solenoid valve, a self-operated pressure regulating valve or A valve controlled by a PLC that operates according to a pressure and/or humidity sensor signal.
  • the present invention also discloses another adsorption and dehumidification device, including a dehumidification gas path, and the dehumidification gas line is connected with an inlet to be dehumidified gas and an adsorption dehumidifier.
  • the dehumidified gas outlet, the dehumidification gas path is also provided with a plurality of valves, and also includes a regeneration circuit, regeneration plus a heat exchanger, and a regenerative heater disposed on the regeneration circuit, the regeneration circuit turning on an input end and an output end of the adsorption dehumidifier, the regeneration circuit being arranged to generate heat through the regenerative heater
  • the gas is driven to circulate on the regeneration circuit, that is, the air pressure difference is formed on the regeneration circuit, so that the gas can be controlled to flow from a position where the air pressure is relatively large to a position where the air pressure is small, thereby realizing a natural convection heat exchange mode, thereby not only eliminating the need for
  • the circulation fan has the function of heating and regenerating the adsorption dehumidifier.
  • the internal pressure of the adsorption dehumidifier can be increased, and the gas is discharged and sent to the condensation branch connected to the regeneration circuit. And condensing and drying the mixture through a condenser.
  • the drainage device since the drainage device is in communication with the regeneration circuit, the drainage device includes an exhaust port or a condenser that is connected to the regeneration circuit, thus during circulation dehydration, when the circulating gas is contained
  • the opening degree of the valve can be adjusted, and the humid hot gas circulating in the regeneration circuit is intermittently or continuously flowed into the condenser, and the moisture containing the humidified hot gas flows through the condenser, and the vapor of the gas is condensed.
  • the condensed water is discharged/collected from the condensate discharge port of the condenser, and the humid hot gas is thus dried; the regeneration circuit continues to perform the above-mentioned operation of circulating dehydration regeneration and draining water until the condensed water is discharged, and then proceeds to the next step.
  • the heat transfer operation of the regenerative heater can be stopped, and the gas in the regeneration circuit can continue to circulate between the condenser and the adsorption dehumidifier to cool the adsorption dehumidifier, or directly to
  • the dehumidification device is directly cooled by the cooling gas, and the dehumidifier is cooled to the normal temperature and then enters the next step. Operation cycle.
  • the regeneration circuit is composed of two interconnected cavities inside the adsorption dehumidifier, wherein the two chambers are provided with a moisture absorbent bed, and the regenerative heaters are respectively disposed in the two cavities And avoiding the moisture absorbent bed.
  • the present invention also discloses another adsorption dehumidification device, including a moisture removal gas inlet, an adsorption dehumidifier, a dehumidified gas outlet, and a regeneration circuit.
  • a regenerative heater a circulation fan, a drainage device, and an annular gas path
  • the number of the adsorption dehumidifiers being several and serially connected to the annular gas path
  • the exhaust ends of the respective adsorption dehumidifiers respectively turn on the dehumidified a gas outlet
  • an inlet end of each adsorption dehumidifier is respectively connected to the inlet of the moisture to be dehumidified
  • a valve is arranged between each adsorption dehumidifier
  • the circulation fan and the regenerative heater are disposed on the regeneration circuit
  • the regeneration The circuit respectively turns on the input end and the output end of each of the adsorption dehumidifiers
  • the circulation fan drives the gas to circulate on the regeneration circuit
  • the drainage device is connected to the regeneration circuit
  • the drainage device includes an exhaust port or a condenser.
  • the exhaust port or condenser is connected to the regeneration circuit.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the sensible heat loss of the prior art hot air regeneration method in the preheating temperature rise period accounts for about 40% of the heat supplied by the regenerative heater.
  • the adsorption dehumidification device of the invention it is not necessary to discharge the exhaust gas outward, and the sensible heat loss of the exhaust gas is avoided.
  • the only heat loss during the heating process of the circulating heating is the heat loss of the outer surface of the device. When the device has good heat preservation, the heat loss is small. Therefore, almost all of the heat supplied by the regenerative heater in the preheating and warming phase of the present invention is effectively utilized.
  • the exhaust gas temperature in the dehydration regeneration stage after reaching the regeneration temperature is generally 60-80 ° C, and the exhaust gas moisture content is generally below 45 g / kg - dry air. That is to say, each time 50 g of moisture is discharged, 1 kg of 60-80 ° C exhaust gas is discharged, and heat loss is large. This is mainly because the heat supplied to the desiccant bed by the sensible heat of the air is not sufficient to desorb more moisture.
  • 25 ° C, moisture content of 15g / kg, relative humidity of 75% of the outside air is heated to 150 ° C with a regenerative heater and then into the absorbent bed, 150 ° C hot air to release the sensible heat to the absorbent bed to about 80 After °C, the moisture desorbed from the moisture absorbent is discharged to the outside.
  • the sensible heat of air from 150 ° C to 80 ° C is about 70 kJ / kg - dry air (heat loss of the outer surface of the equipment accounts for about 2.5%), and the desorption heat of water is 2500 kJ / kg - water, therefore, the above parameter status
  • the sensible heat released by 1 kg of hot air to the moisture absorbent bed is sufficient to desorb 27 g of water, and the moisture contained in the hot air is 15 g/kg, and the moisture content of the exhaust gas is 42 g/kg.
  • the sensible heat of the air from 150 ° C to 80 ° C is effectively utilized, and the sensible heat of air below 80 ° C is wasted as waste heat to the atmosphere, and the energy utilization efficiency is only 56%.
  • the invention considers that: since the hot air regenerates the moisture absorbent after the hot air regenerates the moisture, the moisture desorbed from the moisture absorbent is less, so that it is not required to be discharged to the atmosphere immediately, and the gas can be circulated between the moisture absorbent and the regenerative heater to regenerate and heat.
  • the heat supplied by the device is transferred to the moisture absorbent, which is discharged (or condensed) only when the circulating gas reaches a high moisture content, thus reducing exhaust gas emissions and sensible heat loss.
  • the circulating gas When the circulating gas reaches a temperature of 80 ° C, a moisture content of 150 g / kg, and a relative humidity of 40%, it is discharged to the atmosphere, and 1 kg of hot air is discharged to the atmosphere every time 135 g of moisture is removed.
  • the present invention significantly reduces the sensible heat loss of the exhaust gas as compared with the prior art hot air regeneration method in which 1 kg of hot air is discharged while removing 27 g of moisture.
  • Another advantage of using the present invention is that the recycle gas contains a relatively high concentration of water vapor, and the recovery of latent heat of condensation is relatively easy.
  • the heat of adsorption generated during the dehumidification operation can raise the temperature of the moisture absorbent bed by about 5-10 ° C, which reduces the dehumidification effect, especially in the case of high temperature and high humidity, the adsorption dehumidification ability may be significantly reduced.
  • the examples 2, 7, and 9 given in the specific embodiment can remove the heat of adsorption to make the dehumidification effect more stable.
  • the regenerative exhaust parameters of the prior art hot air regeneration method are generally: a temperature of 60-80 ° C, a moisture content of 45 g / kg or less, and a dew point of less than 39 ° C.
  • the conventional waste heat recovery equipment can only recover about 30% of the sensible heat of the regenerative exhaust gas, and it is difficult to recycle the latent heat.
  • the heat transfer temperature difference is small, and a large heat exchange area is required, which is not economically feasible.
  • the parameters of the circulating gas in the regeneration circuit of the present invention at the outlet of the adsorption dehumidifier are generally: a temperature of 80 ° C, a moisture content of 150 g / kg or more, and a dew point of more than 60 ° C. It is easier to recover the latent heat of condensation of the circulating gas by conventional waste heat recovery equipment.
  • Embodiments 5, 6, 7, and 9 of the present invention have the advantage of recovering sensible heat and latent heat of the circulating gas in the regeneration circuit.
  • the adsorption dehumidifier after the completion of the heating and regeneration has a temperature of about 100 ° C, and needs to be cooled to a normal temperature to be put into the dehumidification operation.
  • cold air is introduced into the adsorption dehumidifier after the regeneration is completed, and the hot air thus generated is directly discharged to the atmosphere, and the sensible heat of the adsorption dehumidifier is completely wasted.
  • Embodiments 5 and 9 of the present invention can recover the sensible heat of the adsorption dehumidifier (or the portion of the regenerator just after regeneration) which has just been regenerated to preheat the next adsorption dehumidifier to be heated and regenerated (or to be heated and regenerated). The part of the runner) saves the heat required for regenerative heating.
  • the heat of adsorption causes the temperature rise of the dehumidified gas to be small, and is generally difficult to utilize.
  • the temperature difference between the refrigerant/heat pump cycle working medium and the dehumidified gas can reach 20 ° C, and part of the heat of adsorption can be recovered.
  • the heat of adsorption increases the indoor air temperature, and in fact, the heat of adsorption is also recycled.
  • the adsorption dehumidifier is coupled with the refrigeration or heat pump cycle:
  • the prior art dehumidification rotor and refrigeration or heat pump cycle coupling operation scheme is to arrange the evaporator on the dehumidification gas path before the dehumidification zone of the dehumidification runner. Since the dehumidified gas at this point is normal temperature, the working fluid temperature in the evaporator must be lower than about 10 ° C, and the compressor load is large.
  • the invention is to set the evaporator on the dehumidified gas path after the dehumidification zone of the dehumidification rotor, where the gas temperature is higher than the gas temperature before the dehumidification zone of the dehumidification rotor, so the working medium temperature in the evaporator can be higher than 10 ° C.
  • the compressor load is small and the adjustable range is large.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a batch type dehumidifying apparatus equipped with a condenser in the regeneration circuit of the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing a batch type dehumidifying apparatus incorporating a heat exchange tube in the second embodiment.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic illustration of an intermittent dehumidification apparatus incorporating a heat exchange tube and a circulation fan of Embodiment 3.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing a batch type dehumidifying apparatus of the natural convection heat exchange method of the fourth embodiment.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a rotary continuous dehumidification apparatus having a heat recovery in the embodiment 5.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the continuous dehumidification apparatus of the embodiment 6 rotor and the refrigeration/heat pump cycle coupling operation.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the continuous dehumidification apparatus of the embodiment 7 having a return air rotor and a refrigeration/heat pump cycle coupling operation.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic illustration of a continuous dehumidification apparatus consisting of two adsorption dehumidifiers in Example 8.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic illustration of a continuous dehumidification apparatus of Embodiment 9 operated by three adsorption dehumidifiers coupled to a refrigeration/heat pump cycle.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic illustration of a continuous dehumidification apparatus constructed in series of three adsorption dehumidifiers in embodiment 10.
  • FIG. 1 it is a schematic diagram of a batch dehumidification device equipped with a condenser in a regeneration circuit of the present invention, the dehumidification device
  • the adsorption dehumidifier 1 (the moisture absorbent bed 101 composed of the moisture absorbent particles therein), the dehumidification gas inlet 10, the dehumidified gas outlet 11, the dehumidification fan 2, the circulation fan 3, the regenerative heater 6, and the condenser 7 are included.
  • the dehumidification gas inlet 10, the dehumidification fan 2, the adsorption dehumidifier 1, and the dehumidified gas outlet 11 are connected by a pipe to constitute a dehumidification gas path.
  • the adsorption dehumidifier 1, the circulation fan 3, and the regenerative heater 6 are connected by a pipeline to form a regeneration circuit; both ends of the condenser 7 are connected to the regeneration circuit through a pipeline to form a condensation branch, and the valves 301, 701, and 702 can be adjusted to flow through
  • the flow rate of the condensed gas of the condenser 7, the one operation cycle of the intermittent dehumidification device includes a dehumidification and regeneration step:
  • the next regeneration operation is performed.
  • Circulating heating and heating stop running the dehumidifying fan 2, open the valves 301, 602, close other valves, and operate the circulating fan 3 to circulate the gas between the adsorption dehumidifier 1 and the regenerative heater 6, and the regenerative heater 6
  • the supplied heat is transferred to the adsorption dehumidifier 1 to gradually warm the moisture absorbent bed 101 to the regeneration temperature.
  • Circulating dehydration regeneration the circulation fan 3 is continuously operated to circulate a gas between the adsorption dehumidifier 1 and the regenerative heater 6, and the heat supplied from the regenerative heater 6 is transferred to the adsorption dehumidifier 1 to maintain the moisture absorbent bed 101.
  • Regeneration temperature The moisture absorbing agent particles in the moisture absorbent bed 101 are heated to generate a higher partial pressure of water vapor inside the particles, and the partial pressure of the water vapor is higher than the partial pressure of water vapor in the circulating gas. Driven by the partial pressure difference of water vapor, the moisture in the moisture absorbent particles diffuses into the gas phase, and the moisture content in the circulating gas gradually increases.
  • the regenerative heater 6 stops heating, opens the valves 108, 109, closes other valves, runs the dehumidifying fan 2, and supplies cold gas to the adsorption dehumidifier 1 for cooling; or opens the valves 602, 701, 702, and closes the other
  • the valve which operates the circulation fan 3, causes the gas to circulate between the adsorption dehumidifier 1 and the condenser 7 to cool the adsorption dehumidifier 1.
  • the adsorption dehumidifier 1 is cooled to normal temperature and then enters the next operation cycle.
  • the dehumidifying operation is generally atmospheric pressure, and when used for dehumidifying treatment of energy gas, chemical raw material gas, and industrial gas, the dehumidifying operation is generally an operation under pressurized conditions.
  • the gas that is circulated and heated in the regeneration circuit during the regeneration operation is the same gas at the time of the dehumidification operation.
  • the pressure in the adsorption dehumidifier and the regeneration circuit during regeneration operation may increase because (a) the pressure rise caused by the increase in gas temperature during regenerative heating, and (b) the conversion of the adsorbed water into water vapor
  • the pressure rises depending on the pressure level of the equipment such as adsorption dehumidifier, regenerative heater, circulating fan, etc.
  • the dehumidifier and/or regeneration circuit may be under pressure and require reduced pressure.
  • the apparatus of Figure 1 and all embodiments of the invention may be provided with a row for discharging a portion of the circulating gas and/or water vapor.
  • the gas port 16, may also be provided with a regulating valve 8 in the exhaust port 16, and the regulating valve 8 may take the form of a valve controlled by a PLC according to a pressure and/or humidity sensor signal, a self-operating pressure regulating valve,
  • the solenoid valve or the manual valve can also omit the regulating valve 8, and only the exhaust port 16 of a suitable diameter is provided to discharge part of the circulating gas and/or water vapor (at this time, the amount of exhaust gas is controlled by the gas pressure in the regeneration circuit).
  • the exhaust port 16 When the air is dehumidified, the exhaust port 16 is open to the atmosphere; when the energy gas, the chemical raw material gas, and the industrial gas are dehumidified, the exhaust port 16 leads to the (condensation) recovery device.
  • cycle heating and heating stage when the temperature of the moisture absorbent bed 101 reaches about 60 ° C, a small amount of moisture may start to desorb, but the heat supplied from the regenerative heater 6 is mainly used for the temperature required for the temperature rise of the moisture absorbent bed 101.
  • the sign of heat, cycle heating, and temperature rise is that the temperature of the moisture absorbent bed 101 continues to rise.
  • the temperature of the moisture absorbent bed 101 is substantially stabilized at the regeneration temperature, and the heat supplied from the regenerative heater 6 is mainly used for the desorption heat of the moisture, and the circulating air is heated by the regenerative heater 6 when the air dehumidifier is heated and regenerated.
  • the adsorption dehumidifier 1 After reaching about 150 ° C, the adsorption dehumidifier 1 is introduced.
  • the hot air at 150 ° C releases the sensible heat to the moisture absorbent bed 101 to about 80 ° C, and then is discharged from the adsorption dehumidifier 1 , and then circulated into the regenerative heater 6 and is again heated to 150.
  • °C is a cycle.
  • the heating amount of the regenerative heater 6 to the circulating gas in each cycle is 70 kJ/kg-dry air, and the heat loss on the outer surface of the device accounts for about 2.5% of the heating amount, and the desorption heat of the water is 2500 kJ/kg-water.
  • the sensible heat released per kilogram of circulating air to the absorbent bed per cycle is only sufficient to desorb 27 grams of moisture.
  • Increasing the temperature of the gas heated by the regenerative heater 6 to 150 ° C or more can increase the amount of dehydration per cycle, but the increase in the heating temperature is limited by the heat-resistant temperature of the moisture absorbent.
  • the moisture absorbent is silica gel, zeolite molecular sieve or activated alumina
  • the maximum gas temperature at which the regeneration heater 6 is heated is about 180, 400, and 300 ° C, respectively.
  • the partial pressure of water vapor inside the moisture absorbent particles can reach 1 atmosphere; when the temperature of the absorbent bed 101 is higher than 100 ° C, moisture absorption
  • the water vapor partial pressure inside the agent particles may be greater than 1 atmosphere.
  • the partial pressure of water vapor in the circulating gas circulating between the adsorption dehumidifier 1 and the regenerative heater 6 is of the order of 0.01 - 0.1 atmospheres. Therefore, a small amount of moisture in the circulating gas has little effect on the moisture desorption process of the moisture absorbent particles.
  • the moisture content of the circulating gas will gradually increase.
  • the circulating gas reaches a moisture content of 60 g/kg-dry gas, and preferably, after 150 g/kg-dry gas (temperature 80 ° C, relative humidity 40%, dew point 60 ° C) or more, the water discharge operation is started.
  • the gas flow rate through the condenser 7 is about 20% of the total flow rate of the cycle gas.
  • the above-mentioned circulating fan 3 can also adopt an axial flow fan, and the axial flow fan can be disposed in the adsorption dehumidifier 1 Inside.
  • the prior art generally adopts a manner in which the flow of the dehumidified airflow is reversed to the flow of the regenerated airflow, it is not important for the present invention whether the flow of the dehumidified airflow and the flow of the regenerated airflow are reversed.
  • the circulating fan 3 can be a bi-directional axial fan, and the alternating fan drum 3 alternately rotates and reverses during regenerative heating to provide more uniform heating of the moisture absorbent bed 101.
  • the regenerative heater 6 may be any type of heating device such as an electric heater, a heat exchanger, a combustion gas, a heater for liquid or solid fuel, a heater using a new energy source or a renewable energy source such as a solar collector, or the like.
  • the single tower intermittent dehumidification device described in this embodiment is suitable for the occasion of non-continuous use of dry gas in the thermal energy, chemical, metallurgical and other industries.
  • FIG. 2 it is another intermittent adsorption dehumidification device of the present invention.
  • the adsorption dehumidifier 1 has a moisture absorbent bed 101, 102 composed of moisture absorbent particles and heat exchange tubes 105, 106 spaced apart from the moisture absorbent beds 101, 102, and the moisture absorbent beds 101, 102 are not connected to the heat exchange tubes 105.
  • the heat exchange surfaces of 106 are in contact to avoid local overheating of the moisture absorbent beds 101, 102;
  • the circulating fan 3 is a bidirectional axial flow fan; the heat exchange medium enters from the inlet 12 and is discharged from the outlet 13.
  • One cycle of operation of the device includes dehumidification and regeneration steps:
  • Circulating heating and heating opening the valves 301, 302, closing other valves, the heating medium is introduced into the heat exchange tubes 105, 106, and the circulating fan 3 is operated to circulate the gas in the regeneration circuit, and the heat exchange tubes 105 are The heat provided by 106 is transferred to the moisture absorbent beds 101, 102 such that the moisture absorbent beds 101, 102 are gradually warmed up to the regeneration temperature.
  • Recirculating dehydration regeneration continue to operate the circulation fan 3 to circulate the gas in the regeneration circuit, and transfer the heat provided by the heat exchange tubes 105, 106 to the moisture absorbent beds 101, 102 to maintain the moisture absorbent beds 101, 102.
  • Regeneration temperature The moisture absorbing agent particles in the moisture absorbent bed 101, 102 are heated to diffuse into the gas phase, and the moisture content of the circulating gas is gradually increased.
  • the dehumidifying fan 2 is operated, and the cold dehumidifier 1 is passed through a cold gas for cooling, while a part of the cold gas is passed through the circulating fan 3 to be dried; or the heat exchange tubes 105 and 106 are cooled.
  • the medium, running the circulation fan 3, cools the moisture absorbent beds 101, 102.
  • the adsorption dehumidifier 1 is cooled to normal temperature and then enters the next operation cycle.
  • the cooling medium introduced into the heat exchange tubes 105, 106 during the dehumidification operation may be cold water, cold air, etc.; the heating medium introduced into the heat exchange tubes 105, 106 during the regeneration operation may be high temperature steam, hot air, heat Any gas or liquid with appropriate temperature, such as flue gas or heat transfer oil.
  • the function of introducing a cooling medium into the heat exchange tubes 105, 106 in the above dehumidification operation is to remove the heat of adsorption.
  • Most of the kinetic energy of gas molecule movement during gas adsorption is converted into heat energy. Therefore, adsorption is an exothermic process, and the heat released is called heat of adsorption. Due to the heat of adsorption, the temperature rise of the moisture absorbent bed and the dehumidified gas during the dehumidification operation can generally reach 5-10 ° C (or even higher, depending on the temperature, humidity, moisture absorption performance and other factors of the gas), and the temperature rise is constant. To a lesser extent, the dehumidification effect is reduced.
  • the heat transfer tube 105, 106 is passed through a cooling medium to remove the heat of adsorption to improve the dehumidification effect. If the temperature rise of the moisture absorbent bed 101, 102 is too large during the dehumidifying operation, while the dehumidifying fan 2 is operated to pass the dehumidifying gas to the adsorption dehumidifier 1 to perform the dehumidifying operation, the valves 301 and 302 are opened, and the circulating fan 3 is operated to make part The dehumidified gas is refluxed to further improve the cooling effect.
  • the moisture absorbent beds 101 and 102 can be combined into one fluidized bed, and the heat exchange tubes 105 and 106 are directly placed in the fluidized bed, which can greatly improve dehumidification cooling and regenerative heating.
  • the heat transfer efficiency between the heat exchange tubes 105, 106 and the moisture absorbent bed 101, 102, and the moisture absorbent particles are in a fluidized state, the moisture absorbent particles are in contact with the heat exchange tubes 105, 106, and local portions are not present. overheat.
  • the regulator valve 8 discharges a mixture of a circulating gas and a water vapor at a temperature of about 60 to 80 ° C. Therefore, the higher the moisture content of the discharged circulating gas, the regenerative energy consumption. The lower. Generally, after the moisture content of the circulating gas reaches 60 g/kg-dry gas or more, preferably, after 150 g/kg-dry gas or more is reached, the water discharge operation is started. After the regulating valve 8 discharges the mixture of the circulating gas and the water vapor outward, the amount of the circulating gas in the regeneration circuit is gradually decreased, the water vapor concentration is gradually increased, and the water vapor partial pressure difference between the inside of the moisture absorbent particles and the circulating gas is gradually reduced.
  • the moisture absorbent cannot be completely dehydrated and regenerated.
  • the moisture absorbent does not need to be completely regenerated, and as long as most of the moisture is desorbed, it can be put into the dehumidification operation.
  • the valve 108 can be opened while the dehydration regeneration operation is being performed, and the dehumidification fan 2 can be operated to replenish the regeneration circuit with the circulating gas.
  • the apparatus shown in Embodiment 2 can also be provided with a condensation branch to discharge moisture similarly to the apparatus of Embodiment 1.
  • the device shown in Embodiment 1 adopts a condensed drainage mode, and the main function of the regulating valve 8 is decompression; the device shown in Embodiment 2 uses direct discharge of water vapor to discharge moisture, and the regulating valve 8 functions mainly to discharge water vapor. .
  • All embodiments of the invention may use condensed drainage or direct discharge to vent moisture.
  • the advantage of the condensate drainage method is that there is no need to erect the intake and exhaust ducts; the advantage of the direct discharge method is that there is no need to install a condenser.
  • the regulating valve 8 for discharging water vapor in all embodiments of the present invention may adopt any type of valve, or the regulating valve 8 may be omitted, and only a vent 16 of a suitable diameter may be provided (at this time)
  • the amount of exhaust is controlled by the gas pressure in the regeneration circuit).
  • a higher regenerative operating temperature should be used to provide a temperature above 100 °C at the lowest temperature of the regeneration loop.
  • FIG. 3 it is another intermittent adsorption dehumidification device of the present invention.
  • the adsorption dehumidifier 1 has a moisture absorbent bed 101, 102, 103, 104 composed of moisture absorbent particles, a heat exchange tube 105, and a circulation fan 107.
  • the partition 100 divides the inside of the adsorption dehumidifier 1 into two cavities.
  • the circulation fan 107 is operated to circulate the gas in the adsorption dehumidifier 1.
  • An operation cycle of the dehumidification device also includes a dehumidification and regeneration step. When it is necessary to discharge the water, the valve 701 can be opened.
  • the dehumidification device with built-in heat exchange tubes and circulating fans has the advantage of eliminating external circulation pipes and valves, thus reducing heat loss.
  • the apparatus shown in Fig. 3 is only a preferred embodiment, and those skilled in the art can easily make various changes, for example, changing the form of the adsorption dehumidifier, the form, number and installation position of the regenerative heater and the circulation fan, and the separation.
  • the microporous structure of the moisture absorbent itself determines the heat and mass transfer inside the moisture absorbent is extremely slow during the heating regeneration of the moisture absorbent, it is usually a rate control step for heating regeneration, and the external conditions of the moisture absorbent such as circulating gas
  • the flow rate generally has little effect. Therefore, it is feasible to cancel the circulation fan and rely only on the natural convection caused by the temperature difference caused by heating the partial circulation gas with the regenerative heater to make the gas circulate between the regenerative heater and the moisture absorbent bed.
  • FIG. 4 it is a batch adsorption dehumidification device of a natural convection heat exchange method of the present invention.
  • the adsorption dehumidifier 1 has moisture absorbent beds 101 and 102 composed of moisture absorbent particles and regenerative heaters 105 and 106.
  • the separator 100 separates the inside of the adsorption dehumidifier 1 into two left and right cavities.
  • the regeneration heating is started, all the valves are closed, and the regeneration heaters 105, 106 are alternately heated.
  • the regenerative heater 105 is heated and the regenerative heater 106 stops heating, the density of the gas in the right cavity is less than the density of the gas in the left cavity. Therefore, the gas in the right cavity moves upward, and the gas in the left cavity moves downward.
  • the gas in the adsorption dehumidifier 1 is caused to circulate.
  • the regeneration heater 105 stops heating and the regeneration heater 106 heats up, the direction of the circulation flow is reversed.
  • the moisture content of the circulating gas reaches 60 g/kg-dry gas or more, the water discharge operation can be started: the valves 110, 701, 702 are opened and the flow rate of the gas flowing through the condenser 7 is adjusted, and the regeneration heaters 105, 106 are simultaneously heated.
  • the gas inside the adsorption dehumidifier 1 moves upward, the gas in the external pipe flows downward, and part of the circulating gas flows through the condenser 7, and the moisture is condensed and discharged.
  • the natural deconvolution heat removal dehumidification device has the advantages of uniform heating, low heat loss, and omits the equipment after the circulating fan The cost and power consumption are lower, and it is safer for dehumidification treatment of energy gas, chemical raw material gas and industrial gas.
  • the apparatus shown in Fig. 4 is only a preferred embodiment, and those skilled in the art can easily make various changes, such as changing the form of the adsorption dehumidifier, the form, number and mounting position of the regenerative heater, and the form and shape of the partition.
  • the amount (or cancellation of the baffle) can be similarly effected by the natural convection generated by the heating of the gas causing the gas to circulate between the regenerative heater and the bed of absorbent.
  • only one absorbent bed and one regenerative heater are disposed in the adsorption dehumidifier.
  • the regenerative heater is located below the moisture absorbent bed and is not in contact with the moisture absorbent bed. When the regenerative heater is heated, the heat is transferred to the natural convection of the gas. Inside the moisture absorbent bed, the moisture absorbent bed is heated to generate water vapor to raise the gas pressure, and the water vapor enters the condenser to be condensed and discharged.
  • the flat-plate solar collector can be used as a regenerative heater to heat the circulating gas in the regeneration circuit, and the adsorption dehumidifier is made into a rectangular shape and mounted on one side of the backlight of the flat-plate solar collector, in the solar collector.
  • the highest end and the lowest end are respectively connected to the highest end and the lowest end of the adsorption dehumidifier, and the gas in the solar collector is heated by the solar radiation to rise and then moves upward to flow into the adsorption dehumidifier, and the cold gas in the dehumidifier is sucked downward.
  • the utility model circulates into the solar collector to realize the solar heating regeneration adsorption dehumidifier by means of natural convection heat exchange. It is to be understood that it is not possible to list all the embodiments of the present invention, and any other embodiments that are designed according to the principles and the substance of the present invention are included in the scope of the claims.
  • FIG. 5 it is a regenerative rotary continuous dehumidification device of the present invention.
  • dehumidification runner 1 dehumidification gas path, regenerative gas path and regeneration circuit.
  • the surface of the slowly rotating dehumidification rotor 1 mainly made of a hygroscopic material is sequentially divided into a moisture absorption zone 111, a preheating zone 112, a regeneration zone 113, and a cooling zone 114.
  • the dehumidified gas entering from the inlet 10 in the dehumidifying gas path is sent to the dehumidifying zone 111 by the dehumidifying fan 2 to dehumidify, and the dehumidified gas is discharged from the outlet 11.
  • the portion of the wheel that has absorbed moisture in the dehumidification zone 111 is transferred to the preheating zone 112.
  • this portion of the wheel is transferred to the regeneration zone 113.
  • the circulation fan 3 in the regeneration circuit continuously operates to circulate the gas between the regeneration heater 6 and the regeneration zone 113, maintaining the regeneration temperature of the regeneration zone 113, so that the portion of the runner that has been transferred to the regeneration zone 113 to adsorb moisture is firstly
  • the heating is heated by circulating heating and then regenerated by circulating dehydration.
  • the portion of the regenerator that has been dehydrated is transferred to the cooling zone 114 for cooling and then returned to the moisture absorption zone 111.
  • the gas from the outside enters the cooling zone 114 of the dehumidification rotor 1 from the air inlet 15 to recover the sensible heat of the part of the runner just after the dehydration regeneration is completed, and then
  • the cooling medium enters the condenser 7, recovers the sensible heat and latent heat of the circulating gas in the condensation branch of the regeneration circuit, and the heat-absorbing gas enters the preheating zone 112 of the dehumidification rotor 1 to heat the portion located in the preheating zone 112.
  • the runner is then discharged to the outside through the air outlet 17 of the blower 4.
  • the above-described dehumidification operation and regeneration operation are continuously performed, which is an outstanding advantage of the rotary dehumidification apparatus.
  • the existing dehumidification runners are mostly divided into two zones: a moisture absorption zone and a regeneration zone.
  • the regeneration of the dehumidification runners of these two zones can utilize the regeneration circuit of the present invention; some dehumidification runners are divided into three zones: moisture absorption Zone, preheating zone and regeneration zone, this
  • the regeneration of the dehumidification runners of the three zones may be provided with a regenerative gas path in addition to the regeneration circuit of the present invention.
  • the regenerative air path can use indoor air.
  • the regeneration zone 113 in this embodiment has only one regeneration gas inlet and one regeneration gas outlet connected to the regeneration circuit, and the regeneration zone 113 in Fig. 5 can be regarded as any type of moisture absorbent loaded with regeneration.
  • the regeneration zone of the adsorption dehumidifier or the adsorption dehumidifier for example, a regeneration section of a multi-stage moving bed adsorption dehumidifier, a regeneration section of a multi-stage fluidized bed adsorption dehumidifier, and a regeneration tower of a dual fluidized bed dehumidifier.
  • the same embodiment as the regeneration circuit of Fig. 5 can also be used for the cyclic heating regeneration of the regeneration zone (or regeneration section, regeneration section, regeneration tower, regenerator, etc.) of other types of adsorption dehumidification equipment.
  • the regeneration circuit and condensation branch of the apparatus of Figure 5 are the same as those of the apparatus of Figure 1, the description of which can be seen in the relevant part of the apparatus of Figure 1.
  • This embodiment is suitable for continuous dehumidification of air.
  • the parts not mentioned in this embodiment are similar to the embodiment 1, and are not described herein again.
  • the refrigeration/heat pump cycle (ie, the refrigerant circuit) includes a compressor 901, a condenser 902, an expansion valve 903, a first evaporator 905, and a second evaporator 906.
  • the refrigerant liquid in the refrigeration/heat pump cycle is compressed by the compressor 901 into a high temperature and high pressure state, and then released in the condenser 902 (for the regeneration circuit, functions as a regenerative heater), and then throttled to a low temperature and low pressure state via the expansion valve 903.
  • the first evaporator 905 and the second evaporator 906 absorb heat (for the dehumidification gas path and the condensation branch of the regeneration circuit, function as a cooler), and then enter the compressor 901 for compression, that is, the refrigeration/heat pump One cycle of the loop.
  • the adjusting expansion valve 903 can adjust the temperature of the refrigerant liquid in the first evaporator 905 such that the gas temperature of the outlet 11 is significantly lower than the gas temperature of the inlet 10, which can be referred to as a refrigeration cycle; when the gas temperature of the outlet 11 is equivalent to the inlet 10 When the gas temperature is called, it can be called a heat pump cycle.
  • the regenerative heater 6 in Fig. 6 is used for starting heating and auxiliary heating.
  • the device recovers most of the heat of adsorption of the dehumidification gas path and the latent heat of vapor condensation of the regeneration circuit and the sensible heat of the gas for regenerative heating, thereby greatly reducing the energy consumption for regenerative heating.
  • the parts that are not mentioned in this embodiment are similar to the embodiment 5.
  • the working principle and application are the same as those in the embodiment 5, and are not described here.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a continuous dehumidification device with a return air rotor and a refrigeration/heat pump cycle coupled operation designed according to the present invention.
  • the first evaporator 905 and the second evaporator 906 are operated in parallel, and the expansion valves 903 and 904 are respectively adjusted to independently adjust the temperature of the refrigerant liquid in the first evaporator 905 and the second evaporator 906.
  • the circulation fan 5 returns a part of the gas cooled by the first evaporator 905 to the dehumidification zone, thereby reducing the temperature of the dehumidification zone and improving the dehumidification effect.
  • a valve 109 may be provided in the dehumidification gas path for regulating the flow rate and pressure of the dehumidification gas path.
  • an intake port 15 having a valve 301 and a valve 302 may also be disposed in the regeneration circuit, and the opening degrees of the adjustment valves 301, 302 may be obtained by using the circulation fan 3
  • a portion of the outside gas, or other gas source, or the dehumidified gas path to be dehumidified or dehumidified, is replenished intermittently or continuously through the intake port 15 into the regeneration circuit.
  • the apparatus shown in Fig. 7 discharges moisture by discharging water vapor to the outside of the regeneration circuit. See the description of the apparatus for directly discharging water vapor in the apparatus of Fig. 2.
  • the parts that are not mentioned in this embodiment are similar to the embodiment 6.
  • the working principle and application are the same as those in the embodiment 6, and are not described here.
  • a continuous dehumidification device can be constructed by operating two or more adsorption dehumidifiers of any of the embodiments 1 to 4 in parallel or in series.
  • a continuous dehumidification apparatus comprising two intermittent adsorption dehumidifiers connected in parallel and sharing a regenerative circuit of the present invention is shown in FIG.
  • the valves 18-25 By the switching of the valves 18-25, the adsorption dehumidifiers A and B are alternately dehumidified and regenerated, and the apparatus is suitable for dehumidification of various gases in industrial and domestic applications.
  • the indoor humid air enters through the inlet 10, and the dry air is introduced into the room through the outlet 11.
  • the heating regeneration of the adsorption dehumidifier has the following two modes:
  • condenser 7 is used to discharge moisture during cyclic heating regeneration, and the cooling medium of condenser 7 uses indoor air to simultaneously increase indoor air temperature.
  • the role of heat In the above process, the heat of the regenerative heater 6 is first used to desorb moisture from the moisture absorbent into water vapor, and then the latent heat of condensation of the water vapor is used to heat the indoor air, so that the heat of the regenerative heater 6 is all effective. use.
  • the heat of adsorption generated during the dehumidification operation of the device is actually used to increase the indoor temperature. In the season when heating and dehumidification are required at the same time, the device is applied to indoor air humidity regulation with the outstanding advantages of high energy utilization.
  • FIG. 1 Another dehumidification device of the present invention in which three adsorption dehumidifiers connected in parallel are coupled to a refrigeration/heat pump cycle is shown in FIG.
  • the apparatus includes adsorption dehumidifiers A, B, and C towers and a dehumidification gas path, a regeneration circuit, a regenerative circuit, and a refrigeration/heat pump cycle.
  • the A, B, and C towers perform dehumidification and regeneration operations in turn.
  • 3, 4, and 5 are circulating fans, and both are bidirectional axial fans.
  • Valves 26 and 29, 27 and 30, 28 and 31 are dehumidification gas path valves of columns A, B and C, respectively; valves 34, 33 and 32 are return air valves of columns A, B and C, respectively; valves 37 and 38, 36 and 39, 35 and 40 are the regenerative circuit valves of the A, B and C towers respectively; valves 41 and 44 are the regenerative circuit valves between the A and B towers, and valves 43 and 46 are the backs between the B and C towers.
  • the hot circuit valve, valves 42 and 45 are the regenerative circuit valves between the A and C towers.
  • the valves 26 and 29 are opened, and the dehumidifying fan 2 sends the dehumidified gas entering from the inlet 10 to the A tower, and the dehumidified gas is cooled by the first evaporator 905 and then discharged from the outlet 11; If it is too large, the valve 34 is opened, and the circulation fan 3 is operated to return a part of the gas after the first evaporator 905 is cooled, thereby lowering the temperature of the A tower.
  • the C tower performs a regeneration operation, the dehumidification gas path valves 28, 31 are closed, the regeneration circuit valves 35, 40 are opened, and the circulation fan 5 is operated, and the C column is supplied with heat dehydration regeneration by the condenser 902.
  • the regeneration circuit valves 34, 40 are closed, the regenerative circuit valves 43, 46 between the B and C towers are opened, and the circulation fans 4 and/or 5 are operated, and the next B tower to be regenerated and just completed regeneration is completed.
  • a regenerative circuit is formed between the C towers, the B tower is warmed up by preheating, and the C tower is cooled and cooled. After the reheating is completed, the B column enters the regeneration operation, and the C column enters the dehumidification operation.
  • This embodiment is applicable to dehumidification treatment of various gases.
  • the parts that are not mentioned in this embodiment are similar to the first embodiment, and the working principle is the same as that of the first embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • FIG. 1 Another continuous dehumidification device of the present invention consisting of three adsorption dehumidifiers connected in series is shown in FIG.
  • the annular gas path 66 is connected to the adsorption dehumidifiers A, B, and C towers in turn, and is provided with partition valves 47, 48, 49.
  • the intake manifold 64 is connected to the dehumidification gas inlet 10, and the branch pipes of the intake manifold 64 are respectively The intake ends of the respective towers are connected, the exhaust manifold 65 is connected to the dehumidified gas outlet 11, and at the same time, the branch pipes of the exhaust manifold 65 are connected to the exhaust ends of the respective columns, valves 56 and 57, 58 and 59, 60 and 61, respectively. They are the inlet and exhaust valves of the A, B and C towers respectively.
  • the valves 50 and 51, 52 and 53, 54 and 55 are the regenerative circuit valves of the A, B and C towers, respectively.
  • the operation steps of the device are as follows: in the initial state, all valves are closed, the valves 56, 47, 48, 61 are opened at the beginning of the dehumidification operation, and the dehumidification fan 2 is operated, and the dehumidified gas entering from the inlet 10 is dehumidified by the A, B, and C towers. Discharged from the outlet 11; when the A tower is near saturation, the valve 58 is opened, the valve 56 is closed, the dehumidification is continued with the B and C towers, the valves 50, 51 are opened, the A tower is regenerated by the regeneration circuit, and the gas entering from the intake port 15 is used.
  • the A tower is cooled; when the A tower completes the regeneration to the dehumidification operation, the valves 49, 57 are opened, and the valve 61 is closed.
  • the dehumidification operation sequence at this time is the B, C, and A towers, that is, the A tower that has just completed regeneration is placed. The last bit of the dehumidification operation sequence.
  • the valve 60 is opened, the valve 58 is closed, the dehumidification is continued with the C and A towers, the valves 52, 53 are opened, the B tower is regenerated by the regeneration circuit, and the B tower is regenerated to a dehumidification operation.
  • the valves 47, 59 are opened, and the valve 57 is closed.
  • the dehumidification operation sequence at this time is C, A, and B towers.
  • the other steps are similar.
  • the device has the advantages of stably producing a dry gas having a very low dew point temperature, and can prevent the adsorption dehumidifier which has just completed regeneration from coming into contact with moist gas to prolong the service life of the moisture absorbent.
  • the device can also be equipped with a regenerative gas path for use with a refrigeration/heat pump cycle.
  • This embodiment is applicable to dehumidification treatment of various gases.
  • the parts that are not mentioned in this embodiment are similar to the first embodiment, and the working principle is the same as that of the first embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • the implementation of the present invention relates only to an adsorption dehumidifier, an electric heater or a heat exchanger, a centrifugal or axial flow of a common material housing.
  • Conventional equipment such as fans, the dehumidification runners also referred to in Embodiments 5 to 6 are relatively mature technical products, and the refrigeration/heat pump cycles also involved in Embodiments 6, 7 and 9 are also relatively mature technical products. Therefore, the present invention can be easily manufactured into industrial products, for example, a civil dehumidifier for dehumidification in a living environment, an industrial dehumidifier for industrial facility air humidity adjustment, and a product for various industrial gases, chemical raw materials, and energy gases.
  • Dehumidification treatment devices such as compressed air, compressed natural gas adsorption dryers, and the like.
  • Dehumidifying the air using a dehumidifying device and collecting the condensed water is actually taking water from the air.
  • the apparatus of Figures 1, 3 to 9 of the present invention can be used for air extraction, and the apparatus of Figures 2 and 10 can be used for this purpose after the condenser 16 is installed in the exhaust port 16.
  • the use of the invention in the field of air abstraction technology is encompassed within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
  • Dehumidification can be considered a basic unit operation. Dehumidification technology is widely used in thermal energy, chemical, metallurgy, electronics, machinery, light industry, food, pharmaceutical and other industries. Dehumidification technology can also be combined with other prior art techniques to form systems for a variety of uses.
  • the present invention can constitute a room temperature drying system in the following manner: the dehumidified gas outlet of any one of the dehumidifying devices shown in FIGS. 1 to 10 is connected to a gas inlet of a container loaded with a material to be dried, and a container loaded with the material to be dried.
  • the gas outlet is connected to the gas inlet of the dedusting device, and the gas outlet of the dedusting device is connected to the dehumidification gas inlet of the dehumidifying device.
  • the present invention can constitute a refrigerating and air-conditioning system in the following manner: the dehumidified gas outlets of any one of the dehumidifying devices shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 and FIGS. 8 and 10 are sequentially connected to a surface cooler and an isotherm humidifier. Device.
  • the application of the present invention in various industrial fields and its combined use with other prior art are included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Drying Of Gases (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé et appareil de processus de déshumidification par adsorption. Premièrement, un gaz contenant de l'humidité est injecté dans un déshumidificateur par adsorption (1) pour déshumidification, et ensuite, une régénération par déshydratation est effectuée sur un absorbant d'humidité à l'intérieur du déshumidificateur par adsorption (1) qui a absorbé de l'eau. La régénération par déshydratation comprend les étapes suivantes : étape 1 : chauffage cyclique; étape 2 : régénération par déshydratation cyclique; étape 3 : décharge d'eau; et étape 4 : refroidissement. L'étape 3 est conduite de façon intermittente ou en continu, et lorsque le gaz de circulation contient 60 grammes ou plus d'eau par kilogramme de gaz sec, le fonctionnement de l'étape 3 commence tandis que l'étape 1 ou l'étape 2 est effectuée. L'appareil de déshumidification par adsorption comprend un trajet de gaz de déshumidification ayant une entrée de gaz à déshumidifier (10), un déshumidificateur par adsorption (1), une sortie de gaz déshumidifié (11) et une pluralité de vannes reliées à celle-ci, et comprend en outre une boucle de régénération, un dispositif de chauffage de régénération (6), un ventilateur de circulation (3) et un dispositif de drainage. Le ventilateur de circulation (3) et le dispositif de chauffage de régénération (6) sont disposés sur la boucle de régénération, la boucle de régénération relie l'extrémité d'entrée et l'extrémité de sortie du déshumidificateur par adsorption (1), le ventilateur de circulation (3) entraîne le gaz à s'écouler de façon cyclique sur la boucle de régénération, et le dispositif de drainage est en communication avec la boucle de régénération.
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WO2023135406A1 (fr) * 2022-01-14 2023-07-20 Johnson Matthey Catalysts (Germany) Gmbh Système et procédé de traitement de gaz comprenant un déshumidificateur, un catalyseur d'oxydation et une unité adsorbante
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