WO2015151697A1 - レンズ素子、撮像装置、および撮像レンズ - Google Patents
レンズ素子、撮像装置、および撮像レンズ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015151697A1 WO2015151697A1 PCT/JP2015/056245 JP2015056245W WO2015151697A1 WO 2015151697 A1 WO2015151697 A1 WO 2015151697A1 JP 2015056245 W JP2015056245 W JP 2015056245W WO 2015151697 A1 WO2015151697 A1 WO 2015151697A1
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- lens
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- imaging lens
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Classifications
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
- G02B13/0015—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design
- G02B13/002—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface
- G02B13/0045—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface having five or more lenses
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
- G02B13/0015—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design
- G02B13/002—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface
- G02B13/0025—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface having one lens only
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- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/18—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below with lenses having one or more non-spherical faces, e.g. for reducing geometrical aberration
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- G02B27/0025—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for optical correction, e.g. distorsion, aberration
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- G02B7/02—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
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- G02B9/62—Optical objectives characterised both by the number of the components and their arrangements according to their sign, i.e. + or - having six components only
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- G02B7/08—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses with mechanism for focusing or varying magnification adapted to co-operate with a remote control mechanism
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a lens element, an imaging device, and an imaging lens.
- an image pickup apparatus As an example of an image pickup apparatus that is low in profile and small in size and has excellent resolving power, an image pickup apparatus including five or six lenses (lens elements) has been attracting attention.
- Examples of the imaging device including five or six lenses include the imaging devices disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2.
- a configuration is proposed in which a plano-concave lens having a concave surface on the object side (object side surface) and a flat surface on the image side (image side surface) is disposed in the vicinity of the imaging device.
- Examples of the imaging device include imaging devices disclosed in Patent Documents 3 and 4.
- Patent Documents 3 and 4 show that this configuration corrects aberrations satisfactorily.
- an image pickup apparatus As an example of an image pickup apparatus that is low in profile and small in size and has excellent resolving power, an image pickup apparatus including five or six lenses (lens elements) has been attracting attention.
- Examples of the imaging device including five or six lenses include the imaging devices disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2.
- a configuration is proposed in which a plano-concave lens having a concave surface on the object side (object side surface) and a flat surface on the image side (image side surface) is disposed in the vicinity of the imaging device.
- Examples of the imaging device include imaging devices disclosed in Patent Documents 3 and 4.
- Patent Documents 3 and 4 show that this configuration corrects aberrations satisfactorily.
- image pickup devices mounted on electronic devices are increasing in pixel (higher resolution) and smaller (lower profile).
- Patent Documents 3 and 4 describe using a lens having a concave surface on the object side and a flat surface on the image surface side.
- Japanese Patent Publication “JP 2012-163963 A Japanese Patent Publication “Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2014-29547 (Released on February 13, 2014)” Japanese Patent Publication “Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-302095 (published on October 28, 2004)” Japanese Patent Publication “Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2013-153537 (Released on August 8, 2013)”
- the external shape of the plano-concave lens according to Patent Documents 3 and 4 is usually a cylindrical shape. This is because, in general, since the concave surface is rotationally symmetric, it is preferable that the plano-concave lens has a cylindrical outer shape in order to perform various processes.
- the outer shape of the element housing part is relative to the optical axis of the plano-concave lens. Increases in the normal direction. As a result, there arises a problem that the imaging apparatus is increased in size.
- Patent Document 3 suggests that if a plano-concave lens is disposed immediately above the light receiving portion of the image sensor, the incident angle of light to the light receiving portion increases, which causes a problem of causing a reduction in the peripheral light amount ratio. Has been.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 have a problem that sufficient aberration correction performance cannot be obtained although the resolution can be increased by using 5 to 6 lenses.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a lens element capable of realizing a small-sized and excellent resolution imaging apparatus, and an imaging apparatus including the lens element. Is to provide.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to reduce various aberrations while suppressing a decrease in the peripheral light amount ratio in an imaging device including five or six lenses.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an imaging lens and an imaging apparatus that can be favorably corrected.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide an imaging lens that has high productivity, can be downsized, and has high aberration correction performance and a high peripheral light amount ratio. It is in.
- a lens element according to an aspect of the present invention is directed to an object side and is an aspherical and concave object side surface; and an image side surface and an image side surface that is substantially planar. And the outer shape of the image side surface is substantially rectangular.
- an imaging lens includes: From the object side to the image plane side, lenses are arranged in the order of the front lens and the rear lens, The front lens is Has positive refractive power, The central part of the surface facing the object side is convex, The peripheral part of the surface facing the object side is concave, The central part of the surface facing the image side is concave, The peripheral part of the surface facing the image surface side is convex, The latter lens is The surface facing the object is concave, The central part of the surface facing the object side, the farther away from the center of the lens surface, the larger the amount of change in shape of the lens surface toward the object side, It is an intermediate part of the surface facing the object side, and has a post-stage object-side intermediate region in which the shape change amount decreases as the distance from the center of the lens surface decreases.
- the surface facing the image surface side is a schematic plane
- the distance from the center of the lens surface to the boundary between the rear object side central region and the rear object side intermediate region is the distance from the center of the lens surface to the edge of the lens surface. More than 30% of Assuming that the distance between the image plane and the surface facing the image plane of the rear lens is CAV, and the optical total length of the imaging lens is OTLV, Equation (1) CAV / OTLV ⁇ 0.15 (1) It is characterized by satisfying.
- an imaging lens is an imaging lens that forms an image of an object on an image plane, the first lens having a positive refractive index that is convex on the object side, and the convex side on the object side.
- a second lens composed of a meniscus lens, a third lens having a positive refractive index that is convex on the image plane side, and a second lens having a positive refractive index and a shape having an inflection point on the image plane side.
- An upper lens in which four lenses are arranged in this order from the object side to the image plane side, and a lower portion arranged on the image plane side with respect to the upper lens, the object side being concave and the image plane side being a substantially flat surface
- the object side surface shape of the lower lens is from the lens center toward the effective diameter end side up to a predetermined distance set to 30% or more of the distance between the lens center and the effective diameter end.
- the amount of shape change to the side increases, and the predetermined distance Beyond a shape that decreases in shape variation amount to the object side, and wherein a distance between the lower lens and the image plane is less than 0.15 times the total optical length of the imaging lens.
- an imaging lens that has high productivity, can be miniaturized, and has high aberration correction performance and a high peripheral light amount ratio.
- (A) is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the principal part of the imaging device which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention
- (b) is a top view of a laminated substrate
- (c) is Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is the figure which looked at the lens element which concerns on from the image surface side.
- FIG. 9 It is a figure which contrasts the example which provides the lens element shown to (a) and (c) of FIG. 9 in an imaging device, and the normal example which provides a cylindrical lens in an imaging device.
- (A) is the figure which represented the positional relationship of an infrared cut glass, an object side surface, an image side surface, and a light-receiving part on the upper surface of a mounting board
- (b) and (c) are the shapes of the external shape of an object side surface
- (A) is a figure which shows the process of shape
- (b) is a figure which shows the process of shaping
- (C) is a figure which shows the process of cut
- (d) is a perspective view which shows the completed product of the lens element shown to (c) of FIG. is there.
- (A) And (b) is a figure which shows the process of shape
- (A) is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the imaging device which concerns on Embodiment 7 of this invention, (b) is sectional drawing which shows the structure of another imaging device which concerns on Embodiment 7 of this invention.
- (A) is a sectional view showing the lens element and the mold shown in (a) of FIG.
- (b) is a diagram showing the path of light incident on the lens element shown in (a)
- (C) is sectional drawing which shows the modification of a lens element, and a metal mold
- (d) is a figure which shows the path
- (A) And (b) is sectional drawing which shows an example of the structure which an image side surface and an image pick-up element contact
- (A) is a figure explaining the path
- (b) is a figure of chief rays when an image side surface and an image pick-up element are in contact. It is a figure explaining a path
- 20 is a graph comparing defocus MTFs (Modulation Transfer Function) between the case of FIG. 19A and the case of FIG. (A)
- (b) is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the principal part of the imaging device which concerns on Embodiment 10 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the principal part of the imaging device which concerns on Embodiment 11 of this invention.
- FIG. 12 It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the principal part of the imaging device which concerns on Embodiment 12 of this invention. It is a figure which compares the size of the opening part of the element adhesion part along a normal line direction, and the size of the external shape of a lens element.
- A)-(d) is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the principal part of the imaging device which concerns on Embodiment 13 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the 1st application example of a lens element.
- (A) is the top view and sectional drawing which show one of the 2nd application examples of a lens element
- (b) is a top view which shows another one of the 2nd application examples of a lens element. .
- FIG. 31 is a graph for explaining a shape change amount of a surface of the rear lens in the imaging lens illustrated in FIG. 30 facing the object side.
- FIG. It is a table
- FIG. 31 is a graph showing astigmatism and distortion of the imaging lens shown in FIG. 30.
- FIG. FIG. 31 is a graph showing spherical aberration of the imaging lens shown in FIG. 30.
- FIG. 31 is a graph showing lateral aberration of the imaging lens shown in FIG. 30.
- FIG. Fig. 31 is a graph showing the MTF characteristics with respect to the image height of the imaging lens shown in Fig. 30.
- FIG. 44 is a table showing lens data of the imaging lens shown in FIG. 43.
- 44 is a graph showing astigmatism and distortion of the imaging lens shown in FIG. 44 is a graph showing spherical aberration of the imaging lens shown in FIG. 44 is a graph showing lateral aberration of the imaging lens shown in FIG. 43.
- 44 is a graph showing the MTF characteristics with respect to the image height of the imaging lens shown in FIG.
- Fig. 62 is a table showing lens data of the imaging lens shown in Fig. 61. 62 is a graph showing astigmatism and distortion of the imaging lens shown in FIG. 61.
- FIG. 62 is a graph showing spherical aberration of the imaging lens shown in FIG. 61.
- FIG. Fig. 62 is a graph showing lateral aberration of the imaging lens shown in Fig. 61.
- FIG. 62 is a graph showing lateral aberration of the imaging lens shown in Fig. 61.
- FIG. 22 is a table for comparing imaging lenses according to Embodiments 14 to 22 of the present invention.
- FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of an imaging apparatus including an imaging lens and an imaging element according to Embodiments 14 to 22 of the present invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the imaging lens which concerns on Embodiment 20 of this invention.
- 70 is a table showing lens data of the imaging lens shown in FIG. 69.
- 70 is a graph showing astigmatism and distortion of the imaging lens shown in FIG. 69.
- FIG. 70 is a graph showing spherical aberration of the imaging lens shown in FIG. 69.
- 70 is a graph showing lateral aberration of the imaging lens shown in FIG. 69.
- 70 is a graph showing the MTF characteristics with respect to the image height of the imaging lens shown in FIG. 69.
- It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the imaging lens which concerns on Embodiment 21 of this invention.
- 76 is a table showing lens data of the imaging lens shown in FIG. 75.
- 76 is a graph showing astigmatism and distortion of the imaging lens shown in FIG. 75.
- 76 is a graph showing spherical aberration of the imaging lens shown in FIG. 75.
- 76 is a graph showing lateral aberration of the imaging lens shown in FIG. 75.
- 76 is a graph showing the MTF characteristics with respect to the image height of the imaging lens shown in FIG. 75.
- FIG. 87 is equipped.
- FIG. 88 is a diagram showing conditions of Embodiments 23 to 27 in a simulation performed for examining the optical characteristics of the imaging lens shown in FIG. 87.
- 27 shows design data of an imaging lens according to the twenty-third embodiment.
- 24 is a simulation result regarding the imaging lens according to the twenty-third embodiment.
- 27 shows design data of an imaging lens according to the twenty-fourth embodiment.
- 25 is a simulation result regarding the imaging lens according to the twenty-fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 26 is design data of an imaging lens according to the twenty-fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 27 is a simulation result regarding the imaging lens according to the twenty-fifth embodiment.
- 27 shows design data of an imaging lens according to the twenty-sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 27 is a simulation result regarding the imaging lens according to the twenty-sixth embodiment.
- 38 shows design data of an imaging lens according to the twenty-seventh embodiment.
- 28 is a simulation result regarding the imaging lens according to the twenty-seventh embodiment.
- 7 is design data of an imaging lens according to Comparative Example 1. It is a simulation result regarding the imaging lens concerning the comparative example 1.
- FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the outline of the other structural example of an imaging lens.
- (A)-(c) is sectional drawing which shows the outline of the structural example of a lower lens.
- the outer shape of the image side surface is a substantially rectangular shape.
- the “substantially rectangular” includes a rectangle and a shape other than a rectangle that can be regarded as a rectangle.
- An example of a shape other than such a rectangle is a rounded rectangle.
- each embodiment it is possible to suppress an increase in the distance between the lens element and the imaging element while suppressing the outer shape of the element storage portion from increasing in the direction normal to the optical axis of the lens element. . Therefore, it is possible to realize a small-sized imaging device with excellent resolution.
- the image side surface of the plano-concave lens is a flat surface
- the image side surface of the lens element according to each embodiment may be a flat surface or a minute (for example, on the order of nm) that reduces the reflectance of light.
- Concavities and convexities may be formed or slightly curved. These have a common feature that light is transmitted or a change in optical characteristics (refractive power, decentration, etc.) is sufficiently small to be negligible in the optical system of the imaging apparatus.
- Schematic plane in the present specification.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing various normal examples in which a cylindrical lens is provided in the imaging apparatus. Specifically, FIG. 2 illustrates cross-sectional views of the main part of the imaging device (a), (b), and (c) in association with each other.
- FIG. 2A shows a state where the cylindrical lens 101 is not provided.
- the image sensor 102 has a light receiving unit 103.
- the multilayer substrate (element storage unit) 104 stores the image sensor 102, and an opening 105 is formed above the light receiving unit 103 so that light is appropriately guided to the light receiving unit 103.
- An infrared cut glass 107 is placed on the upper surface 106 of the multilayer substrate 104 so as to cover the opening 105, and a lens 108 is further provided on the object side of the infrared cut glass 107.
- the lens 108 is one of five or six lenses constituting the optical system of the imaging apparatus.
- the image sensor 102 is connected to the multilayer substrate 104 from the back side of the multilayer substrate 104 by flip chip bonding 109.
- FIG. 2B shows a state in which the cylindrical lens 101 is fitted in the opening 105.
- the cylindrical lens 101 includes an object side surface L101 directed toward the object side and an image side surface L102 directed toward the image surface side.
- the object side surface L101 is a concave surface
- the image side surface L102 is a flat surface.
- FIG. 2A and 2B are compared, in FIG. 2B, in order to fit the cylindrical lens 101, the size of the opening 105 is larger than (a). Since the size of the opening 105 is increased, in (b), the outer shape of the laminated substrate 104 is larger than that in (a) (see width 110 in FIG. 2). This causes an increase in the size of the imaging device.
- the side surface of the cylindrical lens 101 is bonded to the inner side surface of the multilayer substrate 104 constituting the opening 105, a similar cross-sectional view is obtained, which causes the increase in the size of the imaging device.
- FIG. 2 shows a state in which the cylindrical lens 101 is placed on the upper surface 106 so as to cover the opening 105.
- the infrared cut glass 107 is placed on the cylindrical lens 101 because the cylindrical lens 101 is placed on the upper surface 106.
- FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a main part of the imaging device according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 1B is a top view of the multilayer substrate
- FIG. 1C is according to the present embodiment. It is the figure which looked at the lens element from the image surface side.
- a main part (hereinafter, simply referred to as “main part”) 100 of the imaging apparatus shown in FIG. 1A includes a lens element 1, an imaging element 2, a laminated substrate (element storage part) 4, an infrared cut glass 7, and a lens. 8, a flip chip bond 9 and a mounting component 10 are provided. From the side of the object 11 (hereinafter referred to as “object side”) that is the imaging target of the imaging apparatus toward the image plane side (hereinafter referred to as “image plane side”) of the lens element 1, the lens 8 and infrared rays The cut glass 7, the lens element 1, and the imaging element 2 are arranged in this order.
- the lens element 1 is fitted in the opening 5 or the side surface of the lens element 1 is bonded to the inner surface of the laminated substrate 4 constituting the opening 5.
- the lens element 1 includes an object side surface L1 that is a surface directed toward the object side, and an image side surface L2 that is a surface directed toward the image surface side.
- the object side surface L1 is aspheric and concave, and the image side surface L2 is a substantially flat surface.
- the image side surface L2 is not limited to a flat surface, and may be a surface that transmits light or is small enough that changes in optical characteristics (refractive power, eccentricity, and the like) that are caused can be ignored in the optical system of the imaging apparatus. That's fine.
- a surface on which minute unevenness (for example, nm order) for reducing the reflectance of light is formed, or a slightly curved surface is given.
- the imaging device 2 has a light receiving unit 3 that receives light that has passed through the lens device 1.
- Examples of the imaging device 2 include a CCD (Charge-Coupled Device) and a CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor).
- the multilayer substrate 4 accommodates the image pickup device 2, and an opening 5 is formed above the light receiving unit 3 so that light is appropriately guided to the light receiving unit 3.
- the multilayer substrate 4 has a predetermined wiring pattern, and can electrically connect the imaging device 2 and the mounting component 10 mounted on the multilayer substrate 4.
- the laminated substrate 4 has an upper surface 6.
- the infrared cut glass 7 is placed on the upper surface 6 so as to cover the opening 5.
- the infrared cut glass 7 has a function of protecting the light receiving unit 3 from infrared rays and suppressing moire.
- the lens 8 is one of five or six lenses constituting the optical system of the imaging apparatus. An example of lens arrangement will be described later.
- the imaging device 2 is connected to the multilayer substrate 4 from the back surface side of the multilayer substrate 4 by flip chip bonding 9.
- the flip chip bond 9 is capable of electrically connecting the image pickup device 2 and the laminated substrate 4 and includes bumps and the like.
- the mounting component 10 is disposed on the upper surface 6 and is electrically connected to the image sensor 2 via the multilayer substrate 4 and the flip chip bond 9.
- the mounting component 10 includes electronic components and the like for realizing an autofocus function in the imaging apparatus.
- the size SL2 of the outer shape of the image side surface L2 is smaller than the size SL1 of the outer shape of the object side surface L1.
- the lens element 1 further has a step portion 13 provided adjacent to the edge 12 of the image side surface L2.
- the step portion 13 protrudes from the flange portion 14 in the direction of the optical axis La of the lens element 1, and the end portion 15 closest to the image plane is located on the object side from the image side surface L2.
- the flange 14 includes a portion in which the object side face L1 protrudes in the normal direction Ln with respect to the optical axis La with respect to the image side face L2.
- the step 13 is placed on the upper surface 6. Accordingly, the image side surface L2 is disposed on the image surface side (inside the element storage portion) from the upper surface 6 and the object side surface L1 is disposed on the object side from the upper surface 6. In other words, the image side face L ⁇ b> 2 is disposed inside the laminated substrate 4. As a result, the flange portion 14 and the upper surface 6 are separated from each other, and the mounting component 10 is disposed in the separated space 16.
- the shape of the outer shape of the opening 5 and the upper surface 6 is rectangular in the top view of the multilayer substrate 4.
- the outer shape of the image side surface L2 is rectangular.
- the outer shape of the image side surface L2 is not limited to a rectangle, and may be a shape other than a rectangle that can be regarded as a rectangle.
- An example of a shape other than such a rectangle is a rounded rectangle. That is, the outer shape of the image side surface L2 may be a substantially rectangular shape.
- the size of the outer shape of the image side surface L2 is determined according to the shape of the light receiving unit 3. Further, the step portion 13 is provided so as to surround the image side surface L2.
- the outer shape of the object side face L1 is circular.
- the shape of the outer shape of the object side face L1 is not limited to a circle, and can be appropriately selected according to the design.
- the size of the opening 5 can be made smaller than the size of the outer shape of the object side face L1. Thereby, the external shape of the multilayer substrate 4 can be reduced. As a result, the image pickup apparatus can be downsized.
- the image side surface L2 can be arranged on the image surface side from the upper surface 6. Thereby, it can suppress that the space
- the image side face L2 is disposed in the vicinity of the light receiving part 3.
- the size of the outer shape of the image side surface L2 is determined according to the shape of the light receiving unit 3.
- the main part 100 can be configured so that the light receiving part 3 can receive light appropriately while suppressing the size of the outer shape of the image side face L2 from becoming unnecessarily large.
- the outer shape of the object side surface L1 is circular. Thereby, manufacture of the lens element 1 becomes easy. That is, for the object side surface L1, injection molding using a mold, thermosetting molding, or the like can be applied, and in addition, the mold can be easily processed. For example, by cutting with a cutting tool while rotating the core pin (the details are omitted because it is a well-known technique), the object side face L1 can be easily formed even if it has an aspherical shape. Needless to say, the image side surface L2 is easy to mold because it is not necessary to provide a lens surface.
- the image side surface L2 is a substantially flat surface, it is easily detached from the mold during molding. Utilizing this fact, if minute irregularities that reduce the reflectance of light are formed on the image side surface L2, reflection of light can be suppressed without coating the image side surface L2. Thereby, dust can be prevented from adhering to the coating portion at the time of coating, so that foreign matter appears in the captured image (the closer the image side surface L2 is to the light receiving portion 3, the more noticeable the reflection is). Can be suppressed.
- the flange part 14 and the upper surface 6 are separated from each other, and the mounting component 10 is arranged in the space 16.
- the mounting component 10 can be disposed inside the edge of the object side face L1.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a main part of the imaging apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 3 for the sake of simplicity of illustration, only the configuration different from the main part 100 shown in FIG.
- the infrared cut glass 7 is omitted. Thereby, it becomes possible to simplify the structure of an imaging device. Moreover, since the optical total length of the optical system of the imaging device can be shortened, the height of the imaging device can be reduced.
- the configuration necessary for omitting the infrared cut glass 7 is a configuration in which at least one of the object side surface L1 and the image side surface L2 is processed to block infrared rays (that is, a blocking shape is formed). It is.
- a thermosetting material as the material of the lens element 1, the processing can be easily performed. This is because thermosetting materials are excellent in heat resistance and can be processed by high temperature vapor deposition.
- the space for placing the mounting component 10 can be widened above the upper surface 6 (the mounting component 10 is not shown in FIG. 3). ).
- the lens element 1 shown in FIG. 3 does not include the step portion 13. Accordingly, in the main part 200, the flange part 14 and the upper surface 6 are in close contact with each other, and the space 16 does not exist.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a main part of the imaging apparatus according to the present embodiment. 4, in order to simplify the illustration, only the configuration different from the main part 100 shown in FIG. 1 and the configuration related thereto are mainly shown.
- the main part 300 has the protrusion 17 on the lens element 1.
- the protrusion 17 extends from the image side surface L2 in the direction along the optical axis La, in other words, from the object side to the image surface side. Further, the end portion 18 of the protruding portion 17 is in contact with the periphery of the light receiving portion 3 in the imaging device 2.
- the end 18 of the projecting part 17 extending in the direction along the optical axis La from the image side surface L 2 is in contact with the image sensor 2.
- the position of the image side surface L2 with respect to the image sensor 2 can be determined, and the distance between the image side surface L2 and the image sensor 2 can be controlled.
- the distance can be easily changed according to the length of the protrusion 17.
- the lens element 1 shown in FIG. 4 does not include the step portion 13.
- the side surface of the lens element 1 is shielded from light (that is, has a light shielding side surface).
- the lens element 1 has at least two side surfaces, a side surface corresponding to the collar portion 14 and a side surface not corresponding to the collar portion 14.
- the light shielding may be a part or all of the light shielding. Accordingly, it can be said that at least one of the plurality of side surfaces is preferably shielded from light.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an arrangement example of lenses in the imaging apparatus.
- the aperture stop M0, the first lens M1, the second lens M2, the third lens M3, the fourth lens M4, the lens 8, and infrared rays are sequentially arranged from the object side to the image plane side. Cut glass 7 and lens element 1 are arranged.
- the first lens M1 has a positive refractive power, and the surface facing the object side is convex.
- the second lens M2 is a so-called meniscus lens having negative refractive power, having a convex surface on the object side and a concave surface on the image surface side.
- the third lens M3 has a positive refractive power, and the surface facing the image surface side is a convex shape.
- the fourth lens M4 is a so-called meniscus lens having negative refractive power, having a concave surface on the object side and a convex surface on the image side.
- the lens 8 has a positive refractive power, and both the surface facing the object side and the surface facing the image surface side have inflection points.
- the inflection point is a point where a concave shape and a convex shape are switched within a certain lens surface.
- the first lens M1, the second lens M2, the third lens M3, and the fourth lens M4 may be referred to as lenses M1 to M4, respectively.
- FIG. 6 is a top view showing a modification of the lens element.
- FIG. 6 shows a state where the gate cut at the time of injection molding is performed on the lens element 1 shown in FIG.
- the illustration of the stepped portion 13 that is not particularly related to the present modification is omitted.
- the cut portion is the gate cut portion 19.
- the shape and size of the outer shape of the object side surface L1 include at least a general rectangle that matches the shape and size of the outer shape of the image side surface L2.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a main part of the imaging apparatus according to the present embodiment. 7, in order to simplify the illustration, only the configuration different from the main part 100 shown in FIG. 1 and the configuration related thereto are mainly shown.
- the electrical connection between the image sensor 2 and the multilayer substrate 4 ′ is realized by a wire bonding method using the bonding wires 20.
- the lens element 1 shown in FIG. 1 is the lens element 1 shown in FIG. 1
- the main part 400 includes a sensor cover (element storage part) 21.
- the sensor cover 21 houses the image pickup device 2, and an opening 22 is formed above the light receiving unit 3 so that light is appropriately guided to the light receiving unit 3.
- the sensor cover 21 includes a flange receiving portion 23 that protrudes from the inner side surface of the sensor cover 21 toward the center of the lens element 1, and the flange portion 14 of the lens element 1 is connected to the upper surface of the flange receiving portion 23 (the element housing portion). (Upper surface) 24.
- the image side surface L2 is disposed on the image surface side from the upper surface 24, and the object side surface L1 is disposed on the object side from the upper surface 24.
- the bonding wire 20 is a wire for electrically connecting the image sensor 2 and the multilayer substrate 4 ′ by a well-known wire bonding method.
- the surface of the image sensor 2 opposite to the light receiving unit 3 is bonded and fixed to the multilayer substrate 4 ′ with an adhesive 25.
- the technical idea according to the first embodiment can be applied to the wire bonding method.
- FIG. 8A is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a main part of the imaging apparatus according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 8B is a top view of the additional laminated substrate.
- FIG. 8 for the sake of simplicity, only the configuration different from the main part 100 shown in FIG.
- the main part 500 shown in FIG. 8 is different from the main part 100 in the following configuration.
- the additional laminated substrate 26 is placed on the laminated substrate 4.
- the additional laminated substrate 26 an opening 27 is formed above the light receiving unit 3 so that light is appropriately guided to the light receiving unit 3. Further, the additional laminated substrate 26 has a predetermined wiring pattern. The additional laminated substrate 26 is provided adjacent to the side surface 28 corresponding to the flange 14 in the lens element 1.
- the outer shapes of the opening 5 and the upper surface 6 are rectangular in the top view of the multilayer substrate 4.
- the outer shape of the upper surface 29 of the additional laminated substrate 26 is rectangular as the outer shape of the upper surface 6.
- the shape of the outer shape of the opening 27 is circular in the top view of the additional laminated substrate 26.
- the lens element 1 is fitted into the opening 5 on the side of the image side surface L2 or the side surface of the lens element 1 is bonded to the inner surface of the laminated substrate 4 constituting the opening 5.
- the side surface of the lens element 1 is bonded to the inner side surface of the additional laminated substrate 26 that is fitted into the opening 27 on the object side surface L ⁇ b> 1 or that forms the opening 27.
- the mounting component 10 (see FIG. 1 or the like) is provided in the main part 500, the mounting component 10 is disposed on the upper surface 29, for example.
- the lens element 1 shown in FIG. 8 does not include the step portion 13. Accordingly, in the main portion 500, the flange portion 14 and the upper surface 6 are in close contact with each other, and the space 16 does not exist.
- the main part 500 is provided with openings 5 and 27 that match the outer shapes of the image side surface L2 and the object side surface L1, respectively.
- FIG. 9A is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a main part of the imaging device according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 9B is a top view of the mounting substrate
- FIG. 9C is according to the present embodiment. It is the figure which looked at the lens element from the object side.
- a main part 600 shown in FIG. 9A includes a lens element 1, an image sensor 2, a mounting substrate 4 ′′, an infrared cut glass 7, a lens (lens constituting the front lens part) 8, a bonding wire 20, and a sensor cover. (Element storage portion) 21, lens barrel 30, and peripheral structure 31 are provided.
- the lens 8, the infrared cut glass 7, the lens element 1, and the imaging element 2 are arranged in this order from the object side to the image plane side.
- 9A and 9B has a flat plate shape and does not house the image pickup device 2 (not an element housing portion).
- the sensor cover 21 shown in FIG. 9A has a flange receiving portion 23 that protrudes from the inner surface of the sensor cover 21 toward the center of the lens element 1, and the flange portion 14 of the lens element 1 is the flange receiving portion. 23 is placed on the upper surface 24. As a result, the image side surface L2 is disposed closer to the image surface side than the upper surface 24.
- the lens 8 is disposed on the object side from the lens element 1, and has an inflection point 32 that is a boundary between the concave shape and the convex shape on both lens surfaces. is doing. That is, each lens surface of the lens 8 is switched between a concave shape and a convex shape with the inflection point 32 as a boundary.
- the inflection point 32 may be provided only on one lens surface of the lens 8.
- the distance between the upper surface of the image sensor 2 and the highest point (most object side position) of the bonding wire 20 along the optical axis La direction is 0.1 to 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, etc. It is less than 0.15 mm.
- the lens barrel 30 houses the lenses 8 and other lenses (front lens portions) arranged on the object side from the lens element 1.
- the lenses M1 to M4 and the lens 8 are housed in the lens barrel 30.
- the peripheral structure 31 is provided around the lens barrel 30.
- the peripheral structure 31 includes a housing of the imaging device and a moving mechanism.
- the moving mechanism is various mechanisms for moving each lens arranged on the object side from the lens element 1 by moving the lens barrel 30. Examples of the moving mechanism include an autofocus mechanism that moves the lens barrel 30 in the optical axis La direction, a camera shake correction mechanism that moves the lens barrel 30 in the normal direction Ln, and the like.
- the size of the opening 22 of the sensor cover 21 can be made smaller than the size of the outer shape of the object side face L1. Thereby, the external shape of the sensor cover 21 can be reduced. As a result, the image pickup apparatus can be downsized.
- the image side surface L2 can be arranged on the image surface side from the upper surface 24. Thereby, it can suppress that the space
- the distance between the upper surface of the image sensor 2 and the highest point (most object side position) of the bonding wire 20 along the optical axis La direction is generally less than 0.15 mm.
- the separation distance Z1 should be 0.15 mm or more.
- the lens element 1 is placed on the sensor cover 21.
- the collar part 14 is placed on the collar receiving part 23.
- the sensor cover 21 has a protruding portion 33 around the image side surface L2.
- the protruding portion 33 extends toward the image plane side in the direction of the optical axis La.
- the end surface of the protrusion part 33 is contact
- the distance between the image side surface L2 and the image sensor 2 is defined.
- the image side face L2 can be positioned with a simple configuration and high accuracy.
- the image side surface L2 has irregularities formed by nanoimprint.
- the lens element 1 is subjected to an antireflection treatment using an oxide thin film (so-called AR coating).
- AR coating oxide thin film
- the image side surface L2 is disposed near the light receiving unit 3, if a foreign object adheres to the image side surface L2, the foreign material shields the light receiving unit 3 over a wide area, and black flaws, spots, etc. occur in the imaging device. Is concerned.
- an antireflection effect can be obtained by forming irregularities of the order close to the wavelength, and this technique is applied to an antireflection treatment on the surface of a liquid crystal panel, for example.
- an antireflection treatment using an oxide thin film becomes unnecessary. As a result, a good antireflection effect can be obtained while reducing the possibility of foreign matter adhesion.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram comparing an example in which the imaging device is provided with the lens element 1 shown in FIGS. 9A and 9C and a normal example in which the imaging device is provided with the cylindrical lens 101.
- illustration of the lens 8 and the configuration on the object side therefrom is omitted.
- the size of the imaging element 102 when the cylindrical lens 101 is provided in the imaging apparatus is approximately twice the distance X1 in the normal direction Ln as compared to the size of the imaging element 2 when the lens element 1 is provided in the imaging apparatus. Only get bigger. This is because the bonding wire 120 needs to be provided sufficiently outside the cylindrical lens 101 in order to avoid the bonding wire 120 from hitting the cylindrical lens 101. As a result, when the cylindrical lens 101 is provided in the imaging apparatus, the imaging apparatus is increased in size as compared with the case where the lens element 1 is provided in the imaging apparatus.
- the size of the outer shape of the image side surface L2 is determined according to the shape of the light receiving unit 3. Accordingly, the main portion 600 can be configured so that the light receiving unit 3 can receive light appropriately while suppressing the size of the outer shape of the image side surface L2 from being increased unnecessarily.
- FIG. 11A is a diagram showing the positional relationship among the infrared cut glass 7, the object side surface L1, the image side surface L2, and the light receiving unit 3 on the upper surface of the mounting substrate 4 ′′, and FIG. c) is a figure which shows the modification of the external shape of the object side surface L1.
- the size of the outer shape is the order of the infrared cut glass 7 (largest), the object side surface L1, the image side surface L2, and the light receiving unit 3 (smallest). preferable.
- the outer shape of the object side face L1 is circular in FIG. 9C, but is not limited thereto.
- the outer shape of the object side face L1 is a shape formed by cutting the circle with one line inscribed in the circle in FIG. 9C (so-called D-shaped cut). ), Or a shape obtained by cutting the circle along the four lines (so-called quadrilateral cut) as shown in FIG.
- a shape obtained by cutting the circle with the two lines may be used.
- the outer shape of the object side face L1 may be a shape formed by cutting the circle with at least one line inscribed in the circle.
- the lens element 1 can be manufactured relatively easily. That is, for the object side surface L1, injection molding using a mold or thermosetting molding can be applied, and the mold can be easily processed. On the other hand, it is needless to say that the image side surface L2 is a substantially flat surface and thus can be easily molded.
- FIG. 12A is a diagram showing a process of molding the lens element 1 shown in FIG. 9C
- FIG. 12B is a diagram showing the molding of the lens element 1 shown in FIG. 11C. It is a figure which shows the process to perform
- (c) is a figure which shows the process of cut
- (d) is a figure of the lens element 1 shown to (c) of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows a finished product.
- the resin 35 (thermoplastic resin, thermosetting resin, etc.) is formed by the mold 34 having a shape opposite to the both surfaces of the lens element 1 shown in FIG.
- the lens element 1 can be manufactured by sandwiching (injection molding).
- the resin 35 is sandwiched by the mold 34 having a shape opposite to both surfaces of the cylindrical lens 101 (see FIG. 10) (FIG. 12B). ). And the resin molding 36 obtained by this is cut
- FIG. 13 (a) and 13 (b) are diagrams showing a process of molding the lens element 1 shown in FIG. 11 (c), which is different from FIG. 12 (b) and (c).
- the mold 34 was formed with a recess having a substantially flat bottom.
- molding die 37 has the flat plate which consists of glass instead of the metal mold
- the lens element 1 shown in FIG. 11C By manufacturing the lens element 1 shown in FIG. 11C using the molding die 37, it is possible to manufacture a plurality of lens elements 1 in an array. That is, the base plate 38 is provided on the flat plate, the resin 35 is supplied onto the base plate 38, the shape opposite to the object side face L1 is provided in an array on the mold opposite to the flat plate in the molding die 37, and the resin 35 Then, transfer by the mold 37 is performed.
- the base material 38 By using the base material 38, it becomes easy to manufacture the lens element 1 having a large thickness deviation ratio.
- the resin 35 can be irradiated with light through the flat plate, so that an ultraviolet curable resin can be used as the resin 35.
- Productivity can be improved by manufacturing a plurality of lens elements 1 in an array, but each lens element 1 is manufactured one by one using one lens element in the mold 37. May be.
- FIG. 14A is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of an imaging apparatus according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 14B is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of another imaging apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- the imaging device 601 shown in FIG. 14A includes a main part 600 (see FIG. 9A).
- the imaging device housing 39, the coil 40, the magnet 41, and the leaf spring 42 correspond to the peripheral structure 31 of the main part 600.
- the imaging device 601 includes an aperture stop M0 and lenses M1 to M4.
- 14A and 14B and FIG. 5 are different from each other in the shape of the surface of the lens M1 facing the image surface (a convex shape in FIG. 5, and FIGS. 14A and 14B).
- b) a concave shape a concave shape
- the shape of the surface of the lens M1 facing the image surface side is not particularly limited in the first place, and may be any shape. The same applies to the surface of the lens M3 facing the object side (a convex shape in FIG. 5 and a concave shape in FIGS. 14A and 14B).
- the lenses M1 to M4 are housed in the lens barrel 30 together with the lens 8.
- the coil 40 is provided on the outer wall of the lens barrel 30.
- the magnet 41 is provided on the inner wall of the imaging device housing 39.
- the leaf springs 42 connect the outer wall of the lens barrel 30 and the imaging device housing 39 and are provided at a plurality of locations so that the lens barrel 30 can be supported.
- an autofocus mechanism moving the coil 40 in the direction of the optical axis La
- a camera shake correction mechanism moving the coil 40 in the normal direction Ln
- the object side face L1 is sufficiently close to the light receiving part 3. For this reason, the distance between the lens 8 and the object side surface L1 can be sufficiently increased, and the change in contrast in the imaging device 601 with respect to the relative positional deviation between the lens 8 and the lens element 1 can be reduced. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the change in contrast with respect to various positional shifts that occur between the lenses M1 to M4 and 8 disposed on the object side of the lens element 1. Further, the size of the optical component increases as it goes from the aperture stop M0 toward the image plane side.
- the lens element 1 having the largest size among the lenses included in the imaging device 601 is not accommodated in the lens barrel 30, the total of each lens accommodated in the lens barrel 30 that is a movement target of the movement mechanism. Since the weight can be reduced, the performance of the moving mechanism can be improved.
- a main part 600 ′ in FIG. 14B is obtained by omitting the lens barrel 30 from the main part 600.
- the lenses M1 to M4 and 8 arranged on the object side with respect to the lens element 1 are attached to each other and constitute a front lens group 43.
- the coil 40 is provided on the side wall of the front lens group 43.
- the magnet 41 is provided on the inner wall of the imaging device housing 39.
- the leaf spring 42 connects the side wall of the front lens group 43 and the imaging device housing 39, and is provided at a plurality of locations so that the front lens group 43 can be supported.
- the lens barrel 30 is omitted, the lens barrel 30 is excluded from the movement target of the movement mechanism, and the weight of the movement target of the movement mechanism can be further reduced.
- the front lens group 43 When performing macro photography (close-up photography) with the imaging device 601, the front lens group 43 is moved to the object side during imaging of the object 11 at infinity. At this time, the F-number can be reduced by increasing the distance between the front lens group 43 and the lens element 1.
- the focal length of the front lens group 43 is f1
- the focal length of the lens element 1 is f2
- the distance between the lens 8 and the lens element 1 (distance between main planes) is d.
- the combined focal length f of the front lens group 43 and the lens element 1 is given by the following mathematical formula (a).
- the lens element 1 has negative refractive power because the object side surface L1 is concave and the image side surface L2 is substantially flat (that is, f2 ⁇ 0).
- the front lens group 43 and the lens element 1 constitute an imaging lens as a whole, the front lens group 43 has a positive refractive power (that is, f1> 0).
- the interval d increases, so the combined focal length f decreases.
- the imaging apparatus 601 that moves the front lens group 43 and fixes the lens element 1, it is possible to reduce the F number and obtain a bright image.
- FIG. 15A is a cross-sectional view showing the lens element 1 and the mold shown in FIG. 9A
- FIG. 15B is a path of light incident on the lens element 1 shown in FIG.
- C) is a sectional view showing a modified example of the lens element 1 and a mold
- (d) is a diagram showing a path of light incident on the lens element 1 shown in (c). It is.
- the side surface portion 44 of the lens element 1 extending from the edge of the image side surface L2 is substantially parallel to the optical axis La.
- the molded lens element 1 and the mold (lower) 45 are The molded lens element 1 is unlikely to be separated from the mold (lower) 45 due to the resistance between the two. As a result, the lens element 1 may be warped or distorted regardless of whether the mold (lower) 45 is fixed or movable. As shown in FIG.
- the stray light 46 when the stray light 46 is incident on the lens element 1 from the object side surface L1, the stray light 46 is reflected by the side surface portion 44 when the incident angle of the stray light 46 with respect to the optical axis La is small.
- the stray light 46 may be received by the light receiving unit 3.
- FIGS. 15 (c) and 15 (d) it is preferable to incline the side surface portion 44 with respect to the optical axis La as shown in FIGS. 15 (c) and 15 (d).
- FIG. 15C when molding is performed using a mold (lower) 45 having a shape opposite to the image side surface L ⁇ b> 2, the molded lens element 1 is removed from the mold (lower) 45. It becomes easy to leave. As a result, the possibility that the lens element 1 is warped or distorted can be reduced. Further, as shown in FIG.
- the stray light 46 when the stray light 46 is incident on the lens element 1 from the object side surface L1, the stray light 46 is reflected by the side surface portion 44 even if the incident angle of the stray light 46 with respect to the optical axis La is small. Since the light is transmitted through the lens element 1, the possibility that the stray light 46 is received by the light receiving unit 3 can be reduced.
- the lens element 1 has the side surface portion 44 (inclination) adjacent to the edge of the image side surface L2. Thereby, the lens element 1 can be manufactured with high accuracy.
- the inclination angle of the side surface portion 44 is preferably 40 ° or more with respect to the optical axis La.
- FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a main part of the imaging apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- a main portion 700 shown in FIG. 16 includes a flip chip substrate (element storage portion) 47 having a predetermined wiring pattern instead of the mounting substrate 4 ′′ and the sensor cover 21 with respect to the main portion 600. Yes. Further, the image pickup device 2 is not electrically connected to the mounting substrate 4 ′′ by the bonding wire 20, but is electrically connected to the flip chip substrate 47 by the bumps 48.
- the separation distance Z1 between the collar part 14 and the image side surface L2 should be 0.15 mm or more, but the main part 700 does not have this necessity.
- FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a main part of the imaging apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- 17 is such that the image side face L2 and the image sensor 2 are in contact with the main part 600 in the optical axis La direction.
- 18A and 18B are cross-sectional views illustrating an example of a configuration in which the image side surface L2 and the image sensor 2 are in contact with each other.
- the image side surface L2 and the light receiving unit 3 may be in direct contact with each other.
- the light receiving unit 3 is provided with a microlens group 49.
- the image side surface L2 and the microlens group 49 may be in direct contact with each other.
- FIG. 18B On the right side of FIG. 18B, a configuration in which the microlens group 49 is provided in the light receiving unit 3 and the image side face L2 and the microlens group 49 are separated from each other is shown for reference.
- the object side surface L1 can be further positioned on the image plane side, so that the height of the imaging apparatus can be further reduced.
- the light can be appropriately imaged by the light receiving unit 3 even when the incident angle of the principal ray on the lens element 1 is small.
- An imaging device with an excellent ratio can be realized.
- the peripheral light amount ratio is based on the light amount received by the light receiving unit 3 and is the ratio of the light amount other than the center of the image to the light amount at the center of the image. The same applies to light other than the chief ray. As a result, the depth of focus of the imaging device is widened, and an imaging device that can handle a wide range of object distances can be realized.
- FIG. 19A is a diagram illustrating the path of the principal ray when the image side surface L2 and the image sensor 2 are not in contact with each other
- FIG. 19B is a diagram illustrating the path of the principal ray when the image side surface L2 and the image sensor 2 are in contact with each other. It is a figure explaining the path
- FIG. 20 is a graph comparing defocus MTFs in the case of FIG. 19A and the case of FIG.
- FIGS. 21A and 21B are cross-sectional views showing the configuration of the main part of the imaging apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- the main part 900 shown in FIG. 21A has a protrusion 52 on the image side surface L2 with respect to the main part 600.
- a protrusion 52 is formed on the image side face L2 with respect to the main part 700.
- the protruding portion 52 protrudes toward the image plane side in the optical axis La direction.
- the distance between the image side surface L ⁇ b> 2 and the image sensor 2 is defined by the end of the protruding portion 52 coming into contact with the image sensor 2.
- FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a main part of the imaging apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- the lens element 1 includes a step part 13.
- the step portion 13 is placed on the upper surface 53 of the flip chip substrate 47.
- the flange part 14 and the upper surface 53 are separated from each other by the step part 13, and the mounting component 10 is arranged in the separated space 54.
- the mounting component 10 can be disposed inside the edge of the object side face L1.
- FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a main part of the imaging apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- the main part 1100 shown in FIG. 23 differs from the main part 900 shown in FIG.
- the sensor cover 21 has an element bonding portion 55 to which the lens element 1 is bonded from the image surface side.
- the element bonding portion 55 extends in the center direction of the lens element 1 along the normal direction Ln, and the size of the opening 56 of the element bonding portion 55 along the normal direction Ln is smaller than the size of the outer shape of the lens element 1. (See FIG. 24).
- the lens element 1 of the main portion 1100 is put into the sensor cover 21 from the image plane side.
- the main part 1100 has an internal structure of the sensor cover 21 so that the lens element 1 can be inserted into the sensor cover 21 from the image plane side.
- the size of the opening of the sensor cover 21 along the normal direction Ln other than the element bonding portion 55 is equal to or larger than the outer size of the lens element 1.
- the sensor cover 21 has an opening 56 that opens in the direction of the optical axis La and is smaller than the size of the object side L 1.
- the object side L 1 is imaged from the opening 56. It will be arranged on the surface side. Thereby, stray light is blocked by the element bonding portion 55. For this reason, invasion of stray light into the lens element 1 can be suppressed.
- a light shielding mask may be formed on the infrared cut glass 7.
- FIG. 25A to 25D are cross-sectional views showing the configuration of the main part of the imaging apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- the infrared cut glass 7 is omitted from the main part 600.
- the infrared cut glass 7 is omitted from the main part 700.
- a film for preventing foreign matter from mixing may be provided instead of the infrared cut glass 7.
- the main part 1300 shown in FIGS. 25C and 25D is obtained by providing a film 57 with respect to the main part 1200 shown in FIGS.
- the lens element 1 In order to omit the infrared cut glass 7, the lens element 1 needs to contain a material that absorbs infrared rays.
- materials that absorb infrared rays include indium tin oxide (ITO), antimony tin oxide (ATO), and organic boron compounds.
- ITO indium tin oxide
- ATO antimony tin oxide
- organic boron compounds organic boron compounds.
- the infrared cut glass 7 by omitting the infrared cut glass 7, it becomes easy to reduce the height and correct the aberration.
- the optical system having a relative refractive index of 1 or more when the optical system having a relative refractive index of 1 or more is provided, the total length of the optical system is increased.
- FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view showing a first application example of the lens element 1.
- the lens element 1 may have an inflection point 58 on the object side surface L1. Depending on the design of the lens element 1, it may be preferable to have the inflection point 58 on the object side face L1, but in each of the above-described embodiments, such a lens element 1 is applied without any problem. Can do.
- FIG. 27A is a plan view and a cross-sectional view showing one of the second application examples of the lens element 1.
- FIG. 27B is a plan view showing another one of the second application examples of the lens element 1.
- the protrusion 52 When the protrusion 52 is provided in the lens element 1, the protrusion 52 may be formed on the entire outer periphery of the image side surface L2, or may be formed only on a part of the outer periphery of the image side surface L2 (the outer periphery of the image side surface L2). (It may not be formed entirely).
- 27A is a plan view, an AA cross-sectional view, and a BB cross-sectional view of an example in which the protruding portion 52 is formed only on a part of the outer periphery of the image side surface L2, and FIG. A plan view of an example formed entirely is shown in FIG.
- the protrusion 52 is formed only on a part of the outer periphery of the image side surface L2, so that the distance between the image side surface L2 and the image sensor 2 (particularly, the light receiving unit 3) is constant. This is convenient when it is necessary to provide an interval of. That is, when the bonding wire 20 is provided, the bonding wire 20 may come into contact with the lens element 1 unless the predetermined interval is provided. However, the protrusion 52 is not provided at a place where this possibility is high. In this case, this fear can be suppressed.
- the protruding portion 52 is formed on the entire outer periphery of the image side surface L2, the light receiving portion 3 can be surrounded by the image side surface L2 and the protruding portion 52. The possibility of foreign matter adhering to 3 can be reduced.
- FIG. 28 is a plan view showing an example of the lens element 1 manufactured by injection molding.
- a gate 59 is formed at the end of the object side face L1.
- FIG. 29 is a plan view and a cross-sectional view showing a third application example of the lens element 1.
- the end of the image side surface L2 is in the same position as the end of the object side surface L1. Since the outer shape of the object side surface L1 is circular, and the outer shape of the image side surface L2 is substantially rectangular, a part of the image side surface L2 protrudes from the object side surface L1.
- a part of the image side surface L2 that protrudes from the object side surface L1 functions as, for example, a gate 59 when the lens element 1 is manufactured by injection molding.
- the image side surface L2 may be asymmetric with respect to the optical axis La so as to be advantageous for manufacturing the lens element 1.
- FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an imaging lens according to Embodiment 14 described later.
- the imaging lens 100V shown in FIG. 30 has an aperture stop L0V, a first lens L1V, a second lens L2V, a third lens L3V, a fourth lens L4V, a front lens L5V, an infrared ray in order from the object side to the image plane side.
- a cut glass CGV and a rear lens LOCV are disposed.
- the first lens L1V has a surface s1V directed toward the object side and a surface s2V directed toward the image surface side.
- the second lens L2V has a surface s3V directed toward the object side and a surface s4V directed toward the image surface side.
- the third lens L3V has a surface s5V directed toward the object side and a surface s6V directed toward the image surface side.
- the fourth lens L4V has a surface s7V directed toward the object side and a surface s8V directed toward the image surface side.
- the front lens L5V has a surface s9V directed toward the object side and a surface s10V directed toward the image surface side.
- the infrared cut glass CGV has a surface s11V directed to the object side and a surface s12V directed to the image surface side.
- the rear lens LOCV has a surface s13V directed to the object side and a surface s14V directed to the image surface side. Further, the surface defined by the aperture stop L0V is s0V, and the image surface is s15V.
- the aperture stop L0V limits the amount of light incident on the surface s1V.
- the first lens L1V has a positive refractive power. Further, the surface s1V has a convex shape.
- the first lens L1V is preferably made of a low dispersion material.
- the second lens L2V has a negative refractive power.
- the second lens L2V is a so-called meniscus lens (a lens having a convex surface on one side and a concave surface on the other side), and the surface s3V is a convex surface.
- the second lens L2V is preferably made of a highly dispersed material.
- the third lens L3V has a positive refractive power. Further, the surface s6V has a convex shape.
- the third lens L3V is preferably made of a low dispersion material.
- the fourth lens L4V has a negative refractive power.
- the fourth lens L4V is a so-called meniscus lens, and the surface s7V is a concave surface.
- the front lens L5V has a positive refractive power. Further, in the surface s9V, the central portion c9V has a convex shape, and the peripheral portion p9V located so as to surround the central portion c9V has a concave shape. On the other hand, in the surface s10V, the central portion c10V has a concave shape, and the peripheral portion p10V located so as to surround the central portion c10V has a convex shape.
- Both the planes s9V and s10V can be interpreted as planes having inflection points.
- An inflection point is a boundary where a convex shape and a concave shape are switched in the same lens surface.
- the infrared cut glass CGV has a function of protecting the image surface from infrared rays and suppressing moire.
- the surface s13V of the rear lens LOCV has a concave shape when viewed as a whole, but in order from the center ct13V of the lens surface to the edge ed13V of the lens surface, the rear object side central region c13V, the rear object side intermediate region m13V, and It is distinguished by a rear-stage object side peripheral region p13V.
- the post-stage side central region c13V is a central portion of the surface s13V including the center ct13V. Further, in the rear object side central region c13V, the shape change amount of the lens surface toward the object side increases as the distance from the center ct13V increases.
- the amount of change in shape is the amount of change in the height (position in the optical axis direction) of the unevenness of the lens surface with respect to the unit distance (however, the length in the normal direction relative to the optical axis) from the center of the lens surface to the edge. This is the amount shown.
- the post-stage object-side intermediate area m13V is an intermediate portion of the surface s13V located between the post-stage object-side central area c13V and the post-stage object-side peripheral area p13V.
- the shape change amount decreases as the distance from the center ct13V increases.
- the post-stage object side peripheral region p13V is a peripheral portion of the surface s13V including the edge ed13V.
- the distance from the center ct13V to the boundary between the rear article-side central area c13V and the rear article-side intermediate area m13V is 30% or more of the distance from the center ct13V to the edge ed13V. These distances are all along the normal direction LnV with respect to the optical axis LaV of the imaging lens 100V.
- the surface s13V may have an inflection point.
- the surface s14V is a schematic plane.
- the surface s14V is not limited to a flat surface, and may be a surface that transmits light or is sufficiently small that changes in optical characteristics (refractive power, eccentricity, etc.) that can be ignored can be ignored in the optical system of the imaging apparatus. Good.
- a surface on which minute unevenness (for example, nm order) for reducing the reflectance of light is formed, or a slightly curved surface is given.
- FIG. 31 is a graph for explaining the shape change amount of the surface s13V in the imaging lens 100V.
- the horizontal axis represents the position in the lens plane as a ratio, and the position of the center ct13V is “0.0” and the position of the edge ed13V is “1.0”.
- the vertical axis indicates the amount of change in shape.
- the height of the irregularities on the lens surface with respect to a displacement of 5.6 ⁇ m in the normal direction LnV.
- the amount of change is shown.
- the displacement 5.6 ⁇ m in the normal direction LnV corresponds to about 1/500 of the effective diameter of the surface s13V, and this value is smaller (for example, 1/1000, 1/50000). It is thought that almost the same graph can be obtained.
- the range from the position 0.0 to a position where the shape change amount shows the maximum value (position 0.4 slightly: shape change amount approximately 1.5 ⁇ m) is the rear object side central region. It corresponds to c13V.
- the shape change amount increases as the ratio increases, in other words, as the distance from the center ct13V increases.
- the range from the position where the shape change amount shows the maximum value to the position where the shape change amount shows the minimum value corresponds to the post-stage object-side intermediate region m13V.
- shape change amount decreases as the ratio increases in the rear-stage object-side intermediate region m13V.
- the range from the post-stage object side intermediate area m13V to the position 1.0 corresponds to the post-stage object side peripheral area p13V.
- the position where the above-mentioned shape change amount shows the maximum value is the boundary between the rear object side central region c13V and the rear object side intermediate region m13V, so the distance from the center ct13V to the boundary is the edge from the center ct13V. It is a little less than 40% of the distance to ed13V.
- the imaging lens 100V is expressed by the following formula (1).
- optical total length is the length of the entire optical system in the optical axis direction.
- the surface s14V and the image surface s15V be sufficiently close to each other.
- the surface s14V and the image surface s15V can be sufficiently close to each other.
- the incident angle of light from the rear lens LOCV to the image plane s15V is small, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the peripheral light amount ratio and to realize an optical system with a bright image with an F number of about 1.6. It becomes.
- digital correction is performed on shading characteristics at the time of output according to the peripheral light amount ratio. Since the dynamic range for sensitivity is narrowed by correction, wide sensitivity characteristics can be obtained by suppressing the decrease in the peripheral light amount ratio.
- the imaging lens 100V can be easily manufactured.
- the focal length of the imaging lens 100V is fV
- the focal length of the front lens L5V is f5V
- the focal length of the rear lens LOCV is fcV
- f5V / fV When f5V / fV is 5.2 or more, it is advantageous for reducing the height of the imaging lens 100V, but structurally, it is difficult to mount the rear lens LOCV. On the other hand, when f5V / fV is 3.4 or less, the front lens L5V is separated from the image plane s15V, and there is a possibility that correction of various aberrations is insufficient.
- fcV / fV is ⁇ 1.1 or more, it may be difficult to reduce the incident angle of light on the image plane s15V while properly correcting distortion and field curvature.
- fcV / fV is ⁇ 1.7 or less, the imaging lens 100V may be increased in size.
- an interval between the image surface s15V and the center ct10V of the surface s10V is 0.8 mm or more.
- the lens diameter of the front lens L5V can be reduced, thereby enabling downsizing of peripheral devices such as an AF (autofocus) mechanism. Therefore, it is possible to greatly reduce the size of the image pickup apparatus. Further, the larger the distance between the image plane s15V and the center ct10V, the larger the beam diameter. As a result, it is possible to reduce the possibility that a foreign object existing in the vicinity of the front lens L5V appears in the captured image. Since the rear lens LOCV has a great influence on the correction of the field curvature, the field curvature can be corrected sufficiently satisfactorily even if the front lens L5V is slightly separated from the image surface s15V.
- an imaging device including an imaging lens
- an imaging device is arranged on the image plane s15V (an imaging device 1V including an imaging lens 2V and an imaging device 3V described later, see FIG. 68).
- Equation (4) 0.7 ⁇ OTLV / SDV ⁇ 1.0 (4) Satisfied.
- OTLV / SDV When OTLV / SDV is 1.0 or more, the angle of view becomes narrow, and there may be cases where various aberrations can be corrected satisfactorily without using the rear lens LOCV. For this reason, an OTLV / SDV of 1.0 or higher cannot be said to be the best choice in view of the technical idea of the present invention. When OTLV / SDV is 0.7 or less, the angle of view becomes too wide, and it may be necessary to reconsider the conditions for correcting various aberrations.
- the column “element” indicates members that contribute to the optical characteristics.
- L0V aperture stop L0V
- L1V first lens L1V
- L2V second lens L2V
- L3V third lens L3V
- L4V The fourth lens L4V
- L5V front lens L5V
- CGV infrared cut glass CGV
- LOCV back lens LOCV
- the Abbe number is a constant of the optical medium that indicates the ratio of the refractive index to the dispersion. This is the degree of refracting light of different wavelengths in different directions, and a medium with a high Abbe number has little dispersion due to the degree of refraction of light rays for different wavelengths.
- the column “surface” indicates a surface s1V to a surface s14V and an image surface s15V.
- curvature indicates the curvature of the surface s1V to the surface s14V and the image surface s15V.
- the curvature is the reciprocal of the radius of curvature.
- the column “center thickness” indicates the distance in the optical axis LaV direction from the center of any one of the surfaces s1V to s14V to the center of the next surface (on the image surface s15V side).
- the column “radius” indicates the radius of a circular area in the surface s1V to the surface s14V and the image surface s15V that can regulate the range of the light flux.
- the column “Aspheric coefficient” indicates the i-th order aspheric coefficient Ai (i is an even number of 4 or more) from A4 to A16 in the aspheric formula (see FIG. 32) constituting the aspheric surface.
- Z is a coordinate in the optical axis LaV direction
- x is a coordinate in the normal direction LnV
- R is a radius of curvature (the reciprocal of the curvature)
- K is a Conic coefficient.
- optical characteristics were measured under the following conditions (A) to (C).
- Image height is the height from the center of the image.
- the center of the image is 0 mm.
- the image height is expressed as a ratio, the center of the image is 0% and the maximum image height is 100%.
- the S subscript indicates the sagittal image plane characteristic
- the T subscript indicates the tangential image plane characteristic
- the horizontal axis is the deviation of light rays in the normal direction LnV (-2% to + 2%), and the vertical axis is the image height (from the bottom, the image height is 0% to 100%).
- the horizontal axis is the deviation of the light beam in the normal direction LnV ( ⁇ 0.1 mm to +0.1 mm), and the vertical axis is the image height (from the bottom, the image height is from 0% to 100%. ).
- the horizontal axis Px is the position in the sagittal section ( ⁇ 20 ⁇ m to +20 ⁇ m)
- the horizontal axis Py is the position in the tangential section ( ⁇ 20 ⁇ m to +20 ⁇ m)
- the vertical axis ex is the position in the sagittal direction.
- the vertical axis ey is the position in the tangential direction ( ⁇ 20 ⁇ m to +20 ⁇ m).
- the number of light rays is 100.
- the correspondence between the value of IMA and the ratio of the image height is as follows.
- IMA 0.0000 mm ... center of the image (image height 0%)
- IMA 0.5867 mm: image height 20%
- IMA 1.1734 mm ... image height 40%
- IMA 1.7601 mm ... image height 60%
- IMA 2.3468 mm ... image height 80%
- IMA 2.9335 mm ... maximum image height (image height 100%)
- the horizontal axis is the image height (0 mm to 2.934 mm)
- the vertical axis is the MTF (0 to 1.0).
- S1, S2, and S3 are all characteristics on the sagittal image plane, and indicate characteristics when the spatial frequencies are Nyquist frequency / 4, Nyquist frequency / 2, and Nyquist frequency, respectively.
- T1, T2, and T3 are all characteristics on the tangential image plane, and the characteristics when the spatial frequencies are Nyquist frequency / 4, Nyquist frequency / 2, and Nyquist frequency, respectively. Show.
- the Nyquist frequency is a value corresponding to the Nyquist frequency of the image sensor, and is a resolvable spatial frequency value calculated from the pixel pitch of the image sensor.
- the imaging lens 100V shown in FIG. 30 is a typical design.
- the imaging lens 100V provides a bright image (F number is 1.60) and has a low profile.
- the configuration of the imaging lens 100V is as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 32 is a table showing lens data of the imaging lens 100V.
- FIG. 33 is a graph showing astigmatism and distortion of the imaging lens 100V.
- FIG. 34 is a graph showing the spherical aberration of the imaging lens 100V.
- FIG. 35 is a graph showing the lateral aberration of the imaging lens 100V.
- the imaging lens 100V corrects aberrations satisfactorily.
- FIG. 36 is a graph showing the MTF characteristics with respect to the image height of the imaging lens 100V.
- an MTF of 0.2 or more can be secured except for the characteristic T3 near the maximum image height (2.934 mm). From this, it can be seen that the resolving power of the imaging lens 100V is high.
- FIG. 37 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an imaging lens according to Embodiment 15.
- the imaging lens 200V shown in FIG. 37 has the same basic configuration as the imaging lens 100V, and can be said to have a design in which the imaging lens 100V is further reduced in height (details of further reduction in height will be described later).
- FIG. 38 is a table showing lens data of the imaging lens 200V.
- FIG. 39 is a graph showing astigmatism and distortion of the imaging lens 200V.
- FIG. 40 is a graph showing the spherical aberration of the imaging lens 200V.
- FIG. 41 is a graph showing the lateral aberration of the imaging lens 200V.
- FIG. 42 is a graph showing the MTF characteristics with respect to the image height of the imaging lens 200V.
- an MTF of 0.2 or more can be secured except for the characteristic T3 near the maximum image height and a part of the characteristic S3. From this, it can be seen that the resolving power of the imaging lens 200V is high.
- FIG. 43 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of an imaging lens according to Embodiment 16.
- the imaging lens 300V shown in FIG. 43 is an example in which the basic configuration is the same as that of the imaging lens 100V, and the rear lens LOCV is configured by a general plastic material.
- FIG. 44 is a table showing lens data of the imaging lens 300V.
- the rear lens LOCV of the imaging lens 300V has an Abbe number of 1.614 and a refractive index of 25.6, and that of the rear lens LOCV of the imaging lens 100V (Abbe number of 1.544, refractive index). Is different from 55.9).
- FIG. 45 is a graph showing astigmatism and distortion of the imaging lens 300V.
- FIG. 46 is a graph showing the spherical aberration of the imaging lens 300V.
- FIG. 47 is a graph showing the lateral aberration of the imaging lens 300V.
- FIG. 48 is a graph showing the MTF characteristics with respect to the image height of the imaging lens 300V.
- an MTF of 0.2 or more can be secured except for the characteristic T3 near the maximum image height. From this, it can be seen that the resolving power of the imaging lens 300V is high.
- FIG. 49 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of an imaging lens according to Embodiment 17.
- the infrared cut glass CGV is omitted from the imaging lens having the same basic configuration as the imaging lens 100V.
- the infrared cut glass CGV can be omitted.
- a thermosetting material as the material of the rear lens LOCV, the processing can be easily performed. This is because thermosetting materials are excellent in heat resistance and can be processed by high temperature vapor deposition.
- FIG. 50 is a table showing lens data of the imaging lens 400V.
- FIG. 51 is a graph showing astigmatism and distortion of the imaging lens 400V.
- FIG. 52 is a graph showing the spherical aberration of the imaging lens 400V.
- FIG. 53 is a graph showing the lateral aberration of the imaging lens 400V.
- the imaging lens 400V corrects the aberrations satisfactorily.
- FIG. 54 is a graph showing the MTF characteristics with respect to the image height of the imaging lens 400V.
- an MTF of 0.2 or more can be secured except for the characteristic T3 near the maximum image height. From this, it can be seen that the resolving power of the imaging lens 400V is high.
- FIG. 55 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of an imaging lens according to Embodiment 18.
- An imaging lens 500V shown in FIG. 55 is an example in which the basic configuration is the same as that of the imaging lens 100V, and the F number is further reduced from 1.60 (details regarding the small F number will be described later).
- FIG. 56 is a table showing lens data of the imaging lens 500V.
- FIG. 57 is a graph showing astigmatism and distortion of the imaging lens 500V.
- FIG. 58 is a graph showing the spherical aberration of the imaging lens 500V.
- FIG. 59 is a graph showing the lateral aberration of the imaging lens 500V.
- FIG. 60 is a graph showing the MTF characteristics with respect to the image height of the imaging lens 500V.
- an MTF of 0.2 or more can be secured except for the characteristic T3 in the vicinity of the maximum image height and a part of the characteristic S3. From this, it can be seen that the resolving power of the imaging lens 500V is high.
- FIG. 61 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of an imaging lens according to Embodiment 19.
- the imaging lens 600V shown in FIG. 61 is an example of an existing imaging lens.
- the imaging lens 600V has six lenses and an F number of about 1.80.
- each member of the imaging lens 600V is assigned the same reference numeral as each member of the imaging lens 100V.
- FIG. 62 is a table showing lens data of the imaging lens 600V.
- FIG. 63 is a graph showing astigmatism and distortion of the imaging lens 600V.
- FIG. 64 is a graph showing the spherical aberration of the imaging lens 600V.
- FIG. 65 is a graph showing the lateral aberration of the imaging lens 600V.
- the imaging lens 600V corrects aberrations satisfactorily.
- FIG. 66 is a graph showing the MTF characteristics with respect to the image height of the imaging lens 600V.
- an MTF of 0.2 or more can be secured except for the characteristic T3 in the vicinity of the maximum image height. From this, it can be seen that the resolution of the imaging lens 600V is high.
- FIG. 69 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of an imaging lens according to Embodiment 20.
- the infrared cut glass CGV is omitted from an imaging lens having a low profile and a low F number and having the same basic configuration as the imaging lens 100V.
- FIG. 70 is a table showing lens data of the imaging lens 700V.
- FIG. 71 is a graph showing astigmatism and distortion of the imaging lens 700V.
- FIG. 72 is a graph showing the spherical aberration of the imaging lens 700V.
- FIG. 73 is a graph showing the lateral aberration of the imaging lens 700V.
- FIG. 74 is a graph showing the MTF characteristics with respect to the image height of the imaging lens 700V.
- an MTF of 0.2 or more can be secured except for the characteristic T3 in the vicinity of the maximum image height and a part of the characteristics S3 and T2. From this, it can be seen that the resolving power of the imaging lens 700V is high.
- FIG. 75 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an imaging lens according to Embodiment 21.
- FIG. 75 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an imaging lens according to Embodiment 21.
- the imaging lens 800V has a low profile and a low F number
- the basic configuration is the same as that of the imaging lens 100V.
- FIG. 76 is a table showing lens data of the imaging lens 800V.
- FIG. 77 is a graph showing astigmatism and distortion of the imaging lens 800V.
- FIG. 78 is a graph showing the spherical aberration of the imaging lens 800V.
- FIG. 79 is a graph showing the lateral aberration of the imaging lens 800V.
- FIG. 80 is a graph showing the MTF characteristics with respect to the image height of the imaging lens 800V.
- an MTF of 0.2 or more can be secured except for the characteristic T3 in the vicinity of the maximum image height and a part of the characteristics S3 and T2. From this, it can be seen that the resolving power of the imaging lens 800V is high.
- FIG. 81 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an imaging lens according to Embodiment 22.
- the imaging lens 900V has a low profile and a low F number, and the basic configuration is the same as that of the imaging lens 100V.
- the imaging lens 900V uses a high dispersion material for the second lens L2V and the fourth lens L4V, and the distance between the surface s14V and the image surface s15V is larger than that of the imaging lens 800V.
- FIG. 82 is a table showing lens data of the imaging lens 900V.
- FIG. 83 is a graph showing astigmatism and distortion of the imaging lens 900V.
- FIG. 84 is a graph showing the spherical aberration of the imaging lens 900V.
- FIG. 85 is a graph showing the lateral aberration of the imaging lens 900V.
- FIG. 86 is a graph showing the MTF characteristics with respect to the image height of the imaging lens 900V.
- an MTF of 0.2 or more can be secured except for the characteristic T3 in the vicinity of the maximum image height and a part of the characteristics S3, T2, S2, and T1. From this, it can be seen that the resolution of the imaging lens 900V is high.
- the imaging lens 900V a material having a higher refractive index than the imaging lenses 700V and 800V is applied to the fourth lens L4V, so that the distance between the surface s14V and the image surface s15V is increased, and the height is low. Special characteristics can be obtained.
- FIG. 67 is a table for comparing the imaging lenses according to Embodiments 14 to 22.
- the row “F number” indicates the F number of the imaging lens.
- the F number of the imaging lens 100V, the imaging lens 200V, the imaging lens 300V, the imaging lens 400V, the imaging lens 700V, the imaging lens 800V, and the imaging lens 900V is 1.60.
- the F number of the imaging lens 500V is 1.54, which is smaller than 1.60.
- the F number of the imaging lens 600V is 1.80.
- the row “view angle (diagonal) / deg” indicates the view angle (diagonal direction) of the imaging lens.
- the row “focal length / mm” indicates the focal length.
- fV is the focal length of the entire imaging lens
- f5V is the focal length of the front lens L5V
- fcV is the focal length of the rear lens LOCV.
- the row “OTLV / mm” indicates the optical total length of the imaging lens.
- the optical total lengths of the imaging lens 100V, the imaging lens 300V, the imaging lens 400V, the imaging lens 500V, and the imaging lens 600V are all 5 mm or more.
- the optical total length of the imaging lens 200V, the imaging lens 700V, the imaging lens 800V, and the imaging lens 900V is on the order of 4 mm, and a low profile is realized.
- the row “CAV / mm” shows the distance between the image plane s15V and the plane s14V.
- the imaging lens 100V, imaging lens 200V, imaging lens 300V, imaging lens 400V, imaging lens 500V, imaging lens 600V, imaging lens 700V, imaging lens 800V, and imaging lens 900V are all included. It can be seen that Expression (1) is satisfied.
- the row “FBV / mm” shows the distance between the image plane s15V and the center ct10V of the plane s10V.
- the imaging lens 100V, imaging lens 200V, imaging lens 300V, imaging lens 400V, imaging lens 500V, imaging lens 600V, imaging lens 700V, imaging lens 800V, and imaging lens 900V are all 0.8 mm or more. I understand.
- the line “CGV thickness / mm” indicates the thickness of the infrared cut glass CGV. As described above, since the imaging lenses 400V and 700V do not include the infrared cut glass CGV, “None” is displayed in FIG.
- the line “f5V / fV” indicates the value of f5V / fV used in the above-described equation (2).
- Imaging lens 100V, imaging lens 200V, imaging lens 300V, imaging lens 400V, imaging lens 500V, imaging lens 600V, imaging lens 700V, imaging lens 800V, and imaging lens 900V all satisfy Expression (2). I understand.
- the line “fcV / fV” indicates the value of fcV / fV used in the above-described equation (3).
- Imaging lens 100V, imaging lens 200V, imaging lens 300V, imaging lens 400V, imaging lens 500V, imaging lens 600V, imaging lens 700V, imaging lens 800V, and imaging lens 900V all satisfy Expression (3). I understand.
- the line “OTLV / SDV” indicates the value of OTLV / SDV used in the above-described equation (4).
- Imaging lens 100V, imaging lens 200V, imaging lens 300V, imaging lens 400V, imaging lens 500V, imaging lens 600V, imaging lens 700V, imaging lens 800V, and imaging lens 900V all satisfy Expression (4). I understand.
- FIG. 68 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of an imaging apparatus including the imaging lens and the imaging element according to Embodiments 14 to 22.
- 68 includes an imaging lens 2V and an imaging element 3V.
- the imaging lens 2V may be any of the imaging lens 100V, the imaging lens 200V, the imaging lens 300V, the imaging lens 400V, the imaging lens 500V, the imaging lens 600V, the imaging lens 700V, the imaging lens 800V, and the imaging lens 900V.
- the imaging element 3V is disposed on the image plane s15V of the imaging lens 2V.
- the imaging element 3V receives light that has passed through the imaging lens 2V, and includes a CCD (Charge Coupled Device), a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor), and the like.
- CCD Charge Coupled Device
- CMOS Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
- All the imaging lenses described above are examples of six lenses, but five lenses may be used. However, even when there are five lenses, it is necessary to maintain the configuration of at least the front lens L5V and the rear lens LOCV.
- FIG. 87 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of the imaging lens 1W according to the present embodiment.
- the imaging lens 1W includes an upper lens 15W including a first lens 11W, a second lens 12W, a third lens 13W, and a fourth lens 14W, an IR cut glass (cover glass) 16W, and a lower portion. These members are arranged in this order from the object side (subject side, left side in FIG. 87) to the image plane 18W side (right side in FIG. 87).
- An aperture stop 10W is provided in the vicinity of the object side surface of the first lens 11W.
- the first lens 11W has a convex surface (convex shape) on the object side and a positive refractive index (positive power).
- the second lens 12W is composed of a meniscus lens (a lens having one convex surface and the other surface concave), and is disposed so that the object side is convex.
- the third lens 13W is convex on the image surface 18W side and has a positive refractive index.
- the fourth lens 14W has a positive refractive index, and the shape on the image plane 18W side has an inflection point.
- the aperture stop 10W is provided so as to surround the effective aperture of the surface on the object side of the first lens 11W, and the imaging lens 1W is provided so that the light incident on the imaging lens 1W appropriately passes through each lens. Limits the diameter of the beam of incident light.
- the IR cut glass (infrared cut glass) 16W is disposed between the lower lens 17W and the fourth lens 14W, and images are captured by shielding light in the infrared wavelength region from light incident from the object side.
- the image surface (light receiving surface) 18W of the element (image sensor, not shown) is protected from infrared rays, and moire is suppressed.
- the IR cut glass 16W may also have a function of protecting the surface of the lower lens 17W from physical damage or the like.
- the lower lens 17W is a lens having a concave surface on the object side and a flat surface on the image surface 18W side.
- the object side surface of the lower lens 17W has a concave shape at the center of the lens and has a negative refractive index, and the degree of the negative refractive index decreases from the lens center toward the lens effective diameter end.
- the shape of the object side surface of the lower lens 17W is a shape having an inflection point. That is, the object-side surface of the lower lens 17W has a concave shape in the vicinity of the center of the lens, and has a convex shape or a planar shape substantially parallel to the image-side surface in the vicinity of the peripheral edge.
- the lower lens 17W may be a lens on chip (LOC) formed integrally with the IR cut glass 16W.
- LOC lens on chip
- the influence of the eccentric error between the lens surfaces can be reduced by using a lens whose image surface 18W side is a flat surface as the lower lens 17W, aberration correction is performed compared with the case of using a double-sided aspheric lens.
- the aberration correction effect can be improved.
- the lower lens 17W whose image surface 18W side is a flat surface the lower lens 17W can be brought closer to the image surface 18W independently of the design conditions of the upper lens 15W.
- an easy configuration can be realized.
- FIG. 88 is a graph showing an example of the shape change of the object side surface of the lower lens 17W.
- the horizontal axis is a value representing the position on the lens as a ratio to the distance from the lens center to the lens effective diameter end (lens center).
- the vertical axis indicates the amount of change in shape in the optical axis direction (normal direction of the image plane 18W in the lower lens 17W) with respect to the lens center. .
- the shape of the object side surface of the lower lens 17W is a predetermined distance XW from the lens center toward the lens effective diameter end side (in the example of FIG. 88, the lens center and the lens).
- the amount of change in shape toward the object side with respect to the lens center increases until a position approximately 47% of the distance from the effective diameter end), and when the predetermined distance XW is exceeded, the amount of change in shape toward the object side with respect to the lens center decreases.
- the predetermined distance XW is preferably set to 30% or more of the distance between the lens center and the lens effective diameter end. That is, when the distance between the lens center and the lens effective diameter end is LW, the predetermined distance XW preferably satisfies the relationship XW / LW ⁇ 0.3. As a result, the peripheral light amount ratio can be kept in a range where no practical problem occurs.
- the imaging apparatus includes the imaging lens 1W having the above-described configuration, and an imaging element (not shown) that receives the light that has passed through the imaging lens 1W at the image plane 18W and converts it into an electrical signal.
- the configuration of the image sensor is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known image sensor can be used.
- the imaging lens 1W may include a mechanism for performing AF (autofocus) or the like.
- the applicable wavelength in the numerical calculation was set to 550 nm.
- the imaging lens 1W according to each of the above-described embodiments 23 to 27 forms an image of light on a substantially rectangular light receiving surface (sensor surface) of the image sensor (image sensor).
- the diagonal length DW was 5.867 mm and the pixel pitch was 1.12 ⁇ m.
- FIG. 90 shows design data of the imaging lens 1W according to the twenty-third embodiment.
- FIG. 91 is a simulation result of astigmatism, distortion, spherical aberration, lateral aberration, and MTF (Modulation Transfer Function) regarding the imaging lens 1W according to the twenty-third embodiment.
- MTF Modulation Transfer Function
- FIG. 91 As shown in FIG. 91, according to the design conditions shown in FIG. 90, it has a brightness of F number 1.8 and various aberrations (astigmatism, distortion aberration, spherical aberration, lateral aberration, and MTF).
- a well-corrected imaging lens can be realized.
- astigmatism can be ⁇ 0.1 mm or less
- distortion can be ⁇ 2% or less
- spherical aberration can be ⁇ 0.11 mm or less
- lateral aberration can be ⁇ 20 ⁇ m or less.
- FIG. 92 is design data of the imaging lens 1W according to the twenty-fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 93 is a simulation result of astigmatism, distortion, spherical aberration, lateral aberration, and MTF for the imaging lens 1W according to the twenty-fourth embodiment.
- a low dispersion material is applied to the fourth lens 14W.
- an imaging lens having F-number 1.8 brightness and having various aberrations corrected satisfactorily as in Embodiment 23 is realized by the design conditions shown in FIG. it can.
- FIG. 94 is design data of the imaging lens 1W according to the twenty-fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 95 is a simulation result of astigmatism, distortion, spherical aberration, lateral aberration, and MTF for the imaging lens 1W according to the twenty-fifth embodiment.
- the IR cut glass 16W and the lower lens 17W are integrally formed.
- an imaging lens having F-number 1.8 brightness and various aberrations corrected satisfactorily as in Embodiment 23 is realized by the design conditions shown in FIG. it can.
- FIG. 96 is design data of the imaging lens 1W according to the twenty-sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 97 is a simulation result of astigmatism, distortion, spherical aberration, lateral aberration, and MTF for the imaging lens 1W according to the twenty-sixth embodiment.
- an imaging lens having F-number 1.94 brightness and having various aberrations corrected satisfactorily as in Embodiment 23 is realized by the design conditions shown in FIG. it can.
- FIG. 98 is design data of the imaging lens 1W according to the twenty-seventh embodiment.
- FIG. 99 shows simulation results of astigmatism, distortion, spherical aberration, lateral aberration, and MTF for the imaging lens 1W according to the twenty-seventh embodiment.
- an imaging lens having F-number 1.8 brightness and various aberrations corrected satisfactorily as in Embodiment 23 is realized by the design conditions shown in FIG. it can.
- [Comparative Example 1] 100 shows design data of the imaging lens according to Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. in Comparative Example 1 as the lower lens 17W, a lens in which the object-side surface has a concave shape having no inflection point and the image-side surface is a flat surface is used.
- FIG. 101 shows simulation results of astigmatism, distortion, spherical aberration, lateral aberration, and MTF for the imaging lens according to Comparative Example 1.
- the ratio dW / OTLW between the lower lens proximity distance dW (the distance between the lower lens 17W and the image surface 18W) and the optical total length OTLW is preferably set to be less than 0.15 (dW / OTLW ⁇ 0.15). .
- the ratio OTLW / DW between the optical total length OTLW and the diagonal length DW of the light receiving surface of the light receiving element in a range of 0.7 ⁇ OTLW / DW ⁇ 0.9.
- the ratio f4W / fW between the focal length f4W of the fourth lens 14W and the focal length fW of the entire optical system (the entire imaging lens 1W) is too small, it is difficult to reduce the height, and if it is too large, the lower lens 17W contributes. Becomes small, and a sufficient aberration correction effect cannot be obtained. For this reason, it is preferable to set the ratio f4W / fW to ⁇ 5.7 ⁇ f4W / fW ⁇ 2.9 in order to reduce the height of the imaging lens 1W and improve the aberration correction performance.
- the ratio fcW / fW is set to ⁇ 1.8 ⁇ fcW / It is preferable to set fW ⁇ 1.2.
- the focal length FBW of the upper lens 15W is FBW> 0.8 mm.
- the focal length FBW of the upper lens 15W can be reduced, and the configuration of the imaging lens 1W including a mechanism system such as AF (autofocus) can be reduced in size.
- the farther from the image plane 18W the larger the beam diameter can be made, and the influence of reflection of foreign matter dust or the like on the upper lens 15W can be reduced.
- FIG. 102 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an outline of another configuration example of the imaging lens 1W.
- FIG. 102 shows only the upper lens 15W and the lower lens 17W in the configuration of the imaging lens 1W.
- the upper lens 15W has a positive refractive power and the lower lens 17W has a negative refractive power.
- the optical total length OTLW can be further shortened.
- 103 (a) to 103 (c) are cross-sectional views showing an outline of a configuration example of the lower lens 17W.
- the lower lens 17W may have a diffraction pattern on the object side surface.
- 103 (a) shows a configuration in which the object side surface of the lower lens 17W has a diffraction pattern
- FIG. 103 (b) shows a diffraction pattern with a concave aspherical lens shape on the object side surface of the lower lens 17W.
- Each of the configurations formed by combining patterns is shown.
- the surface of the lower lens 17W on the image surface side may have a Fresnel lens shape. Therefore, the chief ray incident angle with respect to the image sensor can be suitably adjusted.
- the lens element according to aspect 1 of the present invention includes an object side surface that is directed toward the object side and is aspheric and concave, and an image side surface that is directed toward the image surface side and is a substantially flat surface.
- the outer shape is generally rectangular.
- the image pickup apparatus can be downsized.
- the image side surface can be disposed closer to the image surface side than the upper surface of the element storage portion. Therefore, it can suppress that the space
- the size of the outer shape of the image side surface is determined according to the shape of the light receiving unit that receives light that has passed through the lens element.
- the imaging device so that the light receiving unit can receive light appropriately while suppressing the size of the outer shape of the image side surface from becoming unnecessarily large.
- the lens element according to aspect 3 of the present invention is the lens element according to aspect 1 or 2, wherein the shape of the outer shape of the object side surface is a circle or a shape formed by cutting the circle with at least one line inscribed in the circle. is there.
- the lens element can be manufactured relatively easily. That is, with respect to the object side surface, injection molding or thermosetting molding using a mold can be applied, and processing of the mold is facilitated.
- the image side surface is a substantially flat surface (no lens surface is required), and needless to say, molding is easy.
- the lens element according to aspect 4 of the present invention has an inclination (side surface portion 44) adjacent to the edge of the image side surface in any of the above aspects 1 to 3.
- the inclination angle of the inclination is 40 ° or more with respect to the optical axis of the lens element.
- the molded lens element when molding is performed using a mold (lower) having a shape opposite to the image side surface, the molded lens element is easily separated from the mold (lower). As a result, the possibility of warping or distortion of the lens element can be reduced. Further, when stray light is incident on the lens element from the object side surface, even if the incident angle of the stray light with respect to the optical axis is small, the stray light is not reflected by the inclination but is transmitted through the lens element, so that the stray light is received by the light receiving unit. The fear can be reduced. Thereby, a lens element can be manufactured with high accuracy.
- the lens element according to Aspect 6 of the present invention according to any one of Aspects 1 to 5 has unevenness formed by nanoimprinting on the image side surface.
- an antireflection treatment using an oxide thin film is not required by providing irregularities formed by nanoimprinting on the image side surface. As a result, a good antireflection effect can be obtained while reducing the possibility of foreign matter adhesion.
- a lens element according to aspect 7 of the present invention includes a material that absorbs infrared rays in any one of the above aspects 1 to 6.
- the lens element can block infrared rays.
- an image pickup apparatus with good image quality can be realized.
- by omitting the infrared cut glass in the image pickup apparatus it becomes easy to reduce the height and correct the aberration.
- An imaging device stores the lens element according to any one of the aspects 1 to 7, an imaging element having a light receiving unit that receives light that has passed through the lens element, and the imaging element. And the lens element is supported on the object side from the side surface of the image by the element storage part.
- the size of the opening of the element storage portion can be made smaller than the size of the outer shape of the object side surface.
- the outer shape of the element storage portion can be reduced.
- the image pickup apparatus can be downsized.
- the image side surface can be disposed closer to the image surface side than the upper surface of the element storage portion. Therefore, it can suppress that the space
- the imaging device according to Aspect 9 of the present invention is the imaging device according to Aspect 8, in which the imaging device fixes the front lens unit including at least one lens disposed on the object side with respect to the lens element, and the lens element.
- a moving mechanism that moves the front lens unit in a state where the front lens unit is moved, and at least one lens surface of the lens closest to the lens element among the lenses constituting the front lens unit has a concave shape and a convex shape. It has an inflection point that is the boundary.
- the imaging device according to aspect 10 of the present invention does not include the lens barrel that houses the preceding lens unit in aspect 9 described above.
- the lens barrel is omitted, the lens barrel is excluded from the moving target of the moving mechanism, and the moving target of the moving mechanism can be further reduced in weight.
- the lens element protrudes in the normal direction with respect to the optical axis of the lens element with respect to the image side.
- a flange portion is formed as a portion, and a separation distance between the flange portion and the image side surface along the optical axis direction of the lens element is 0.15 mm or more.
- the distance between the upper surface of the image sensor and the highest point of the bonding wire along the optical axis direction is about 0.15 mm.
- the separation distance between the collar portion and the image side surface along the optical axis direction should be 0.15 mm or more.
- the element storage portion may have a predetermined wiring pattern.
- the lens element is formed as a portion in which the object side surface protrudes in a direction normal to the optical axis of the lens element with respect to the image side surface. It has a collar part, and the collar part and the element storage part are separated from each other in the optical axis direction of the lens element.
- the mounting component it is possible to dispose the mounting component to be disposed on the upper surface of the element storage portion on the inner side of the edge of the object side surface.
- the outer shape of the element storage portion can be further reduced.
- the image side surface and the imaging element are in contact with each other in the optical axis direction of the lens element.
- the object side surface can be further positioned on the image plane side, so that the height of the imaging apparatus can be further reduced.
- the image side and the image sensor are in contact with each other, even if the incident angle of the chief ray on the lens element is small, the light can be appropriately imaged at the light receiving part, so the peripheral light quantity ratio is excellent.
- An imaging device can be realized. The same applies to light other than the chief ray. As a result, the depth of focus of the imaging device is widened, and an imaging device that can handle a wide range of object distances can be realized.
- the imaging device according to Aspect 15 of the present invention is the imaging apparatus according to any one of Aspects 8 to 13, wherein a protrusion is formed on the side surface of the image, and the end of the protrusion is in contact with the imaging element.
- the distance between the image side surface and the image sensor is defined.
- the imaging device according to Aspect 16 of the present invention is the imaging device according to any one of Aspects 8 to 13, wherein the lens element is mounted on the element storage portion, and the element storage portion is in the optical axis direction of the lens element.
- the distance between the image side surface and the image sensor is defined by contacting the image sensor.
- the image side surface can be positioned with a simple configuration and high accuracy.
- the imaging device is the imaging apparatus according to any one of the aspects 8 to 16, wherein the element storage portion has an opening that is open in the optical axis direction of the lens element and is smaller than the size of the outer shape of the object side surface. And the object side surface is disposed closer to the image plane than the opening.
- a lens element according to an aspect of the present invention includes an object side surface that is a concave surface that is directed toward the object side, and an image side surface that is directed toward the image surface side and is a substantially flat surface.
- the size of the outer shape of the image side surface is smaller than the size of the outer shape of the object side surface.
- the image pickup apparatus can be downsized.
- the image side surface can be disposed closer to the image surface side than the upper surface of the element storage portion. Therefore, it can suppress that the space
- the size of the outer shape of the image side surface is determined in accordance with the shape of the light receiving unit that receives light that has passed through the lens element.
- the light receiving unit can appropriately receive light while suppressing the size of the outer shape of the image side surface from becoming unnecessarily large.
- the outer shape of the object side surface is circular.
- the lens element can be easily manufactured. That is, with respect to the object side surface, injection molding or thermosetting molding using a mold can be applied, and in addition, the mold can be easily processed. Needless to say, since it is not necessary to provide a lens surface for the image side surface, molding is easy.
- a blocking shape that blocks infrared rays is formed on at least one of the object side surface and the image side surface.
- the infrared cut glass can be omitted in the imaging apparatus. Therefore, it becomes possible to simplify the structure of an imaging device. Moreover, since the optical total length of the optical system of the imaging device can be shortened, the height of the imaging device can be reduced.
- minute irregularities that reduce the reflectance of light are formed on the image side surface.
- the image side surface is a substantially flat surface, it is easily detached from the mold during molding. Utilizing this fact, if minute irregularities that reduce the reflectance of light are formed on the side surface of the image, reflection of light can be suppressed without coating the side surface of the image. Thereby, it is possible to prevent dust from adhering to the coating portion during the coating, and thus it is possible to suppress foreign matter from appearing in the captured image.
- the lens element has at least one light shielding side surface that is at least partially shielded from light.
- An imaging apparatus includes any one of the lens elements described above, an imaging element having a light receiving unit that receives light that has passed through the lens element, and an element that houses the imaging element.
- a storage section (laminated substrate 4 and sensor cover 21) is provided, and the image side surface is disposed inside the element storage section.
- the size of the opening of the element storage portion can be made smaller than the size of the outer shape of the object side surface.
- the outer shape of the element storage portion can be reduced.
- the image pickup apparatus can be downsized.
- the image side surface can be disposed closer to the image surface side than the upper surface of the element storage portion. Therefore, it can suppress that the space
- the lens element includes a step portion provided adjacent to an edge of the image side surface, and the object side surface of the lens element is And a step formed on a portion projecting in a direction normal to the optical axis, the stepped portion is placed on the element storage portion, and the flange portion and the element storage portion are separated from each other. Yes.
- the mounting component it is possible to dispose the mounting component to be disposed on the upper surface of the element storage portion on the inner side of the edge of the object side surface.
- the outer shape of the element storage portion can be further reduced.
- an imaging apparatus includes a protruding portion that extends from the image side surface in a direction along the optical axis of the lens element, and an end portion of the protruding portion is in contact with the imaging element. ing.
- the position of the image side surface with respect to the image sensor can be determined, and the distance between the image side surface and the image sensor can be controlled.
- the interval can be easily changed according to the length of the protrusion.
- An imaging lens includes: From the object side to the image plane side, lenses are arranged in the order of the front lens and the rear lens, The front lens is Has positive refractive power, The central part of the surface facing the object side is convex, The peripheral part of the surface facing the object side is concave, The central part of the surface facing the image side is concave, The peripheral part of the surface facing the image surface side is convex, The latter lens is The surface facing the object is concave, The central part of the surface facing the object side, the farther away from the center of the lens surface, the larger the amount of change in shape of the lens surface toward the object side, It is an intermediate part of the surface facing the object side, and has a post-stage object-side intermediate region in which the shape change amount decreases as the distance from the center of the lens surface decreases.
- the surface facing the image surface side is a schematic plane
- the distance from the center of the lens surface to the boundary between the rear object side central region and the rear object side intermediate region is the distance from the center of the lens surface to the edge of the lens surface. More than 30% of Assuming that the distance between the image plane and the surface facing the image plane of the rear lens is CAV, and the optical total length of the imaging lens is OTLV, Equation (1) CAV / OTLV ⁇ 0.15 (1) Satisfied.
- the image surface and the surface of the rear lens facing the image surface side be sufficiently close to each other.
- Expression (1) the image plane and the surface of the rear lens facing the image plane side can be made sufficiently close to each other.
- the incident angle of light from the rear lens to the image plane is small, it is possible to suppress a reduction in the peripheral light amount ratio, and it is possible to realize an optical system having a bright image with an F number of about 1.6. .
- a rear lens instead of an aspherical lens on both sides can prevent a decrease in resolution caused by decentration between both surfaces of the lens, and the rear lens can be brought closer to the image plane alone. It becomes. Therefore, it is possible to suppress variations in optical characteristics due to manufacturing tolerances of the imaging lens. In other words, the imaging lens can be easily manufactured.
- the imaging lens which concerns on different aspect 2 of this invention is the said different aspect 1,
- the focal length of the imaging lens is fV
- the focal length of the front lens is f5V
- the focal length of the rear lens is fcV
- Equations (2) and (3) 3.4 ⁇ f5V / fV ⁇ 5.2 (2) -1.7 ⁇ fcV / fV ⁇ -1.1 (3) Satisfied.
- f5V / fV When f5V / fV is equal to or greater than 5.2, it is advantageous for reducing the height of the imaging lens, but structurally, it is difficult to mount the rear lens. On the other hand, when f5V / fV is 3.4 or less, the front lens moves away from the image plane, and there is a possibility that correction of various aberrations becomes insufficient.
- fcV / fV is ⁇ 1.1 or more, it may be difficult to reduce the incident angle of light on the image plane while satisfactorily correcting distortion and curvature of field. On the other hand, if fcV / fV is ⁇ 1.7 or less, the imaging lens may be increased in size.
- the imaging lens which concerns on different aspect 3 of this invention is the said different aspect 1 or 2
- the distance between the image plane and the center of the front lens surface facing the image plane is 0.8 mm or more.
- the lens diameter of the front lens it is possible to reduce the lens diameter of the front lens, and thus it is possible to reduce the size of peripheral devices such as the AF mechanism. Therefore, it is possible to greatly reduce the size of the image pickup apparatus.
- the larger the interval the larger the light beam diameter.
- the rear lens greatly affects the correction of the field curvature, the field curvature can be corrected sufficiently satisfactorily even if the front lens is slightly separated from the image surface.
- An imaging device includes: The imaging lens according to any one of the different aspects 1 to 3, An imaging device including an imaging element disposed on an image plane of the imaging lens, In order from the object side to the image surface side, an aperture stop, a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, the front lens, and the rear lens are arranged,
- the first lens is Has positive refractive power, The surface facing the object is convex
- the second lens is A meniscus lens having negative refractive power, The surface facing the object is convex
- the third lens is Has positive refractive power, The surface facing the image side is convex
- the fourth lens is A meniscus lens having negative refractive power, The surface facing the object is concave, Assuming that the diagonal sensor size of the image sensor is SDV, Equation (4) 0.7 ⁇ OTLV / SDV ⁇ 1.0 (4) Satisfied.
- OTLV / SDV When OTLV / SDV is 1.0 or more, the angle of view becomes narrow, and there may be cases where various aberrations can be corrected satisfactorily without using a rear lens. For this reason, an OTLV / SDV of 1.0 or higher cannot be said to be the best choice in view of the technical idea of the present invention. When OTLV / SDV is 0.7 or less, the angle of view becomes too wide, and it may be necessary to reconsider the conditions for correcting various aberrations.
- the imaging device which concerns on different aspect 5 of this invention is the said different aspect 4,
- the Abbe number of the second lens is 30 or less,
- the refractive index of the fourth lens is 1.6 or more.
- An imaging lens 1W is an imaging lens 1W that forms an image of an object on an image plane 18W, and includes a first lens 11W having a positive refractive index that is convex on the object side, and an object A second lens 12W composed of a meniscus lens having a convex side, a third lens 13W having a positive refractive index which is convex on the image surface 18W side, and an inflection of the shape on the image surface 18W side having a positive refractive index.
- An upper lens 15W in which a fourth lens 14W having a point is arranged in this order from the object side toward the image plane 18W, and an object arranged on the image plane 18W side with respect to the upper lens 15W.
- Distance The shape change amount toward the object side increases until the predetermined distance XW set to 30% or more of the above, and the shape change amount toward the object side decreases when the predetermined distance XW is exceeded.
- the distance dW from the image plane 18W is less than 0.15 times the optical total length OTLW of the imaging lens 1W.
- the upper lens 15W has a double-sided aspheric surface.
- the aberration correction effect can be improved as compared with the case of correcting aberration by adding a lens.
- the lower lens 17W whose image plane 18W side is a substantially flat surface the lower lens 17W can be brought closer to the image plane independently of the design conditions of the upper lens 15W, so that the influence on the manufacturing error is small and the manufacturing is performed. Can be realized with a high productivity.
- the configuration of the imaging lens 1W can be reduced (downsized) by configuring the upper lens 15W to be composed of four lenses.
- the shape of the object side surface of the lower lens 17W is directed toward the object side up to a predetermined distance XW set to 30% or more of the distance between the lens center and the effective diameter end from the center toward the effective diameter end side.
- the shape change amount increases, and when the predetermined distance XW is exceeded, the shape change amount to the object side decreases, thereby increasing the incident angle of light with respect to the image plane 18W and suppressing the decrease in the peripheral light amount ratio. be able to.
- the lower lens 17W can effectively correct the field curvature.
- the imaging lens 1W that has high productivity, can be downsized, and has high aberration correction performance and high peripheral light amount ratio.
- An imaging lens 1W according to a further different aspect 2 of the present invention is the imaging lens 1W according to the further different aspect 1, in which the image surface 18W is a light receiving surface of an image sensor, and the light receiving surface has a substantially rectangular shape with a diagonal length of DW (mm).
- the overall optical length of the imaging lens 1W is OTLW (mm)
- the focal length of the entire imaging lens 1W is fW (mm)
- the focal length of the fourth lens 14W is f4W (mm)
- the lower lens When the focal length of 17 W is fcW (mm), 0.7 ⁇ OTLW / DW ⁇ 0.9, ⁇ 5.7 ⁇ f4W / fW ⁇ 2.9, and ⁇ 1.8 ⁇ fcW / fW ⁇ .
- the configuration satisfies the relationship 1.2.
- the imaging lens 1W can be reduced in height (downsized).
- the ratio f4W / fW to ⁇ 5.7 ⁇ f4W / fW ⁇ 2.9, it is possible to reduce the height of the imaging lens 1W and improve the aberration correction performance.
- the ratio fcW / fW to ⁇ 1.8 ⁇ fcW / fW ⁇ 1.2, the imaging lens 1W can be downsized, the field curvature correction performance can be improved, and the incident angle of light with respect to the image plane 18W. Can be reduced.
- the imaging lens 1W according to a further different aspect 3 of the present invention has a configuration in which the distance from the upper lens 15W to the image plane 18W is less than 0.8 mm.
- the lens diameter is reduced, and the imaging lens 1W can be further downsized. Further, since the light beam diameter can be increased as the distance from the image surface 18W increases, the influence of reflection of foreign particles on the upper lens 15W can be reduced.
- An imaging lens 1W according to a further different aspect 4 of the present invention is the imaging lens 1W according to any one of the further different aspects 1 to 3, wherein an aperture stop 10W is provided at a position surrounding the effective aperture of the object side surface of the first lens 11W. It is a configuration provided.
- the diameter of the beam bundle of the light incident on the imaging lens 1W can be limited by the aperture stop 10W so that the light incident on the imaging lens 1W appropriately passes through each lens.
- An imaging device includes the imaging lens 1W according to any one of the different aspects 1 to 4, and an imaging element that receives the light that has passed through the imaging lens 1W and converts it into an electrical signal. It is characterized by having.
- an imaging apparatus including the imaging lens 1W that has high productivity, can be downsized, and has high aberration correction performance and a high peripheral light amount ratio.
- the present invention can be used for a lens element, an imaging device, and an imaging lens.
- the present invention can be applied to an imaging lens and an imaging device, and can be particularly preferably applied to an imaging device mounted on an electronic device such as a mobile device.
Abstract
Description
物体側から像面側へと向かって、前段レンズ、後段レンズの順にレンズが配置されており、
上記前段レンズは、
正の屈折力を有しており、
物体側に向けた面の中央部分が凸形状であり、
物体側に向けた面の周辺部分が凹形状であり、
像面側に向けた面の中央部分が凹形状であり、
像面側に向けた面の周辺部分が凸形状であり、
上記後段レンズは、
物体側に向けた面が凹形状であり、
物体側に向けた面の中央部分であり、レンズ面の中心から離れるほど、該レンズ面の物体側への形状変化量が大きくなる後段物側中央領域と、
物体側に向けた面の中間部分であり、レンズ面の中心から離れるほど、上記形状変化量が小さくなる後段物側中間領域とを有しており、
像面側に向けた面が概略平面であり、
上記後段レンズの物体側に向けた面では、レンズ面の中心から上記後段物側中央領域と上記後段物側中間領域との境界までの距離が、レンズ面の中心からレンズ面の縁までの距離の3割以上であり、
像面と上記後段レンズの像面側に向けた面との間隔をCAV、撮像レンズの光学全長をOTLVとすると、数式(1)
CAV/OTLV<0.15 ・・・(1)
を満足することを特徴としている。
上述したとおり、物体側に向けた面(物側面)が凹面であり、像面側に向けた面(像側面)が平面である平凹レンズを、撮像素子の近傍に設ける構成によって、効果的に収差を補正することができる。凹面が非球面であれば、より効果的な補正が可能となる。
図2は、撮像装置に円筒形状のレンズを設ける各種通常例を示す断面図である。具体的に、図2は、(a)、(b)、および(c)の、撮像装置の要部断面図を、相互に関連付けて図示したものである。
図1において、(a)は本実施の形態に係る撮像装置の主要部の構成を示す断面図であり、(b)は積層基板の上面図であり、(c)は本実施の形態に係るレンズ素子を像面側から見た図である。
図3は、本実施の形態に係る撮像装置の主要部の構成を示す断面図である。図3では、図示を簡潔にするために、図1に示す主要部100と異なる構成およびそれに関連する構成のみを重点的に示している。
図4は、本実施の形態に係る撮像装置の主要部の構成を示す断面図である。図4では、図示を簡潔にするために、図1に示す主要部100と異なる構成およびそれに関連する構成のみを重点的に示している。
各実施の形態に係る撮像装置では、レンズ素子1の側面が遮光されている(すなわち、遮光側面を有している)のが好ましい。ここで、レンズ素子1は厳密には、鍔部14に該当する側面と、鍔部14に該当しない側面との、少なくとも2つの側面を有している。また、各側面に関し、遮光は一部であってもよいし、全部であってもよい。従って、複数の側面の少なくとも1つは、少なくとも一部が遮光されているのが好ましいと言える。
図5は、撮像装置におけるレンズの配置例を示す図である。
図6は、レンズ素子の変形例を示す上面図である。
図7は、本実施の形態に係る撮像装置の主要部の構成を示す断面図である。図7では、図示を簡潔にするために、図1に示す主要部100と異なる構成およびそれに関連する構成のみを重点的に示している。
図8において、(a)は本実施の形態に係る撮像装置の主要部の構成を示す断面図であり、(b)は追加積層基板の上面図である。図8では、図示を簡潔にするために、図1に示す主要部100と異なる構成およびそれに関連する構成のみを重点的に示している。
図9において、(a)は本実施の形態に係る撮像装置の主要部の構成を示す断面図であり、(b)は実装基板の上面図であり、(c)は本実施の形態に係るレンズ素子を物体側から見た図である。
図14において、(a)は本実施の形態に係る撮像装置の構成を示す断面図であり、(b)は本実施の形態に係る別の撮像装置の構成を示す断面図である。
ここで、レンズ素子1は、物側面L1が凹面、像側面L2が概略平面であるため、負の屈折力を有する(すなわち、f2<0)。一方、前段レンズ群43およびレンズ素子1が全体で結像レンズを構成するため、前段レンズ群43は、正の屈折力を有する(すなわち、f1>0)。マクロ撮影の際、間隔dは大きくなるので、合成焦点距離fは小さくなる。
開口径Dが一定である場合、FナンバーFは合成焦点距離fに比例する。
図16は、本実施の形態に係る撮像装置の主要部の構成を示す断面図である。
図17は、本実施の形態に係る撮像装置の主要部の構成を示す断面図である。
図21の(a)および(b)は、本実施の形態に係る撮像装置の主要部の構成を示す断面図である。
図22は、本実施の形態に係る撮像装置の主要部の構成を示す断面図である。
図23は、本実施の形態に係る撮像装置の主要部の構成を示す断面図である。
図25の(a)~(d)は、本実施の形態に係る撮像装置の主要部の構成を示す断面図である。
図26は、レンズ素子1の第1の応用例を示す断面図である。
図27の(a)は、レンズ素子1の第2の応用例の1つを示す平面図および断面図である。図27の(b)は、レンズ素子1の第2の応用例の別の1つを示す平面図である。
図28は、射出成形によって製造されたレンズ素子1の一例を示す平面図である。
撮像装置では、物体側に向けた面(物側面)が凹面であり、像面側に向けた面(像側面)が平面である平凹レンズを、撮像素子の近傍に配置した構成により、効果的に収差を補正することができる。
撮像レンズの基本構成について、図30を参照して説明する。
CAV/OTLV<0.15 ・・・(1)
を満足する。
3.4<f5V/fV<5.2 ・・・(2)
-1.7<fcV/fV<-1.1 ・・・(3)
を満足するのが好ましい。
0.7<OTLV/SDV<1.0 ・・・(4)
を満足する。
各実施の形態14~22に係る撮像レンズの各種特性について説明するが、説明に先立って、下記に注釈を述べる。
(B)撮像素子の画素ピッチ・・・1.12μm
(C)シミュレーション光源を構成する各波長およびそれらの混合割合・・・450nm:550nm(主波長):650nm=0.16:1:0.56
非点収差を示すグラフにおいて、横軸は法線方向LnVへの光線のズレ(-0.10mm~+0.10mm)であり、縦軸は像高(下から、像高0割~像高10割)である。
IMA:0.5867mm・・・像高2割
IMA:1.1734mm・・・像高4割
IMA:1.7601mm・・・像高6割
IMA:2.3468mm・・・像高8割
IMA:2.9335mm・・・最大像高(像高10割)
像高に対するMTF(Modulation Transfer Function:変調伝達関数)の特性を示すグラフにおいて、横軸は像高(0mm~2.934mm)であり、縦軸はMTF(0~1.0)である。また、該グラフ中、S1、S2、およびS3は、いずれもサジタル像面における特性であって、空間周波数がそれぞれ、ナイキスト周波数/4、ナイキスト周波数/2、およびナイキスト周波数である場合における特性を示している。また、該グラフ中、T1、T2、およびT3は、いずれもタンジェンシャル像面における特性であって、空間周波数がそれぞれ、ナイキスト周波数/4、ナイキスト周波数/2、およびナイキスト周波数である場合における特性を示している。
Nyq.=1/(撮像素子の画素ピッチ)/2
により算出される。撮像素子の画素ピッチが1.12μmである場合、ナイキスト周波数はおよそ446.42857cyc/mmとなるため、これの近似値であるナイキスト周波数=446.00cyc/mmとして光学特性を測定した。
図30に示す撮像レンズ100Vは、代表的な設計であると言える。撮像レンズ100Vは、明るい像が得られ(Fナンバーが1.60)、かつ低背である。
図37は、実施の形態15に係る撮像レンズの構成を示す断面図である。
図43は、実施の形態16に係る撮像レンズの構成を示す断面図である。
図49は、実施の形態17に係る撮像レンズの構成を示す断面図である。
図55は、実施の形態18に係る撮像レンズの構成を示す断面図である。
図61は、実施の形態19に係る撮像レンズの構成を示す断面図である。
図69は、実施の形態20に係る撮像レンズの構成を示す断面図である。
図75は、実施の形態21に係る撮像レンズの構成を示す断面図である。
図81は、実施の形態22に係る撮像レンズの構成を示す断面図である。
図67は、各実施の形態14~22に係る撮像レンズの比較を行う表である。
(B)撮像素子の画素ピッチ・・・1.12μm
(D)シミュレーション光源を構成する波長・・・550nm
行「Fナンバー」には、撮像レンズのFナンバーを示している。撮像レンズ100V、撮像レンズ200V、撮像レンズ300V、撮像レンズ400V、撮像レンズ700V、撮像レンズ800V、および撮像レンズ900VのFナンバーは、1.60となっている。一方、撮像レンズ500VのFナンバーは、1.54となっており、1.60より小さい。なお、撮像レンズ600VのFナンバーは、1.80となっている。
図68は、各実施の形態14~22に係る撮像レンズと撮像素子とを備えた撮像装置の概略構成を示す断面図である。
以上に説明した撮像レンズはいずれもレンズが6枚の例であるが、レンズが5枚であってもよい。但し、レンズが5枚である場合においても、少なくとも前段レンズL5Vおよび後段レンズLOCVの構成が維持されている必要がある。
図87は、本実施形態にかかる撮像レンズ1Wの概略構成を示す説明図である。この図に示すように、撮像レンズ1Wは、第1レンズ11W、第2レンズ12W、第3レンズ13W、および第4レンズ14Wからなる上部レンズ15Wと、IRカットガラス(カバーガラス)16Wと、下部レンズ17Wとを備えており、これら各部材が物体側(被写体側、図87の左側)から像面18W側(図87の右側)に向かってこの順で配置されている。また、第1レンズ11Wにおける物体側の面の近傍には開口絞り10Wが設けられている。
次に、撮像レンズ1Wの光学特性を調べるために行ったシミュレーション結果を以下に示す。このシミュレーションでは、図89に示す実施の形態23~27にかかる撮像レンズ1Wおよび比較例1にかかる撮像レンズについてその光学特性を調べた。
図90は実施の形態23にかかる撮像レンズ1Wの設計データである。また、図91は、実施の形態23にかかる撮像レンズ1Wに関する非点収差、歪曲収差、球面収差、横収差、およびMTF(Modulation Transfer Function)のシミュレーション結果である。
図92は、実施の形態24にかかる撮像レンズ1Wの設計データである。また、図93は、実施の形態24にかかる撮像レンズ1Wに関する非点収差、歪曲収差、球面収差、横収差、およびMTFのシミュレーション結果である。なお、実施の形態24では第4レンズ14Wに低分散材料を適用した。
図94は、実施の形態25にかかる撮像レンズ1Wの設計データである。また、図95は、実施の形態25にかかる撮像レンズ1Wに関する非点収差、歪曲収差、球面収差、横収差、およびMTFのシミュレーション結果である。なお、実施の形態25では、IRカットガラス16Wと下部レンズ17Wとを一体的に形成した。
図96は、実施の形態26にかかる撮像レンズ1Wの設計データである。また、図97は、実施の形態26にかかる撮像レンズ1Wに関する非点収差、歪曲収差、球面収差、横収差、およびMTFのシミュレーション結果である。
図98は、実施の形態27にかかる撮像レンズ1Wの設計データである。また、図99は、実施の形態27にかかる撮像レンズ1Wに関する非点収差、歪曲収差、球面収差、横収差、およびMTFのシミュレーション結果である。
図100は、比較例1にかかる撮像レンズの設計データである。比較例1では、下部レンズ17Wとして、物体側の面が変曲点を有さない凹形状であり、像面側の面が平面であるレンズを用いた。また、図101は、比較例1にかかる撮像レンズに関する非点収差、歪曲収差、球面収差、横収差、およびMTFのシミュレーション結果である。
図102は、撮像レンズ1Wのその他の構成例の概略を示す断面図である。説明を簡潔にするために、図102には、撮像レンズ1Wの構成のうち、上部レンズ15Wおよび下部レンズ17Wのみを示している。
本発明の態様1に係るレンズ素子は、物体側に向けられ、非球面かつ凹面である物側面と、像面側に向けられ、概略平面である像側面とを備えており、上記像側面の外形の形状が、概略矩形である。
本発明は、下記のように解釈することも可能である。
物体側から像面側へと向かって、前段レンズ、後段レンズの順にレンズが配置されており、
上記前段レンズは、
正の屈折力を有しており、
物体側に向けた面の中央部分が凸形状であり、
物体側に向けた面の周辺部分が凹形状であり、
像面側に向けた面の中央部分が凹形状であり、
像面側に向けた面の周辺部分が凸形状であり、
上記後段レンズは、
物体側に向けた面が凹形状であり、
物体側に向けた面の中央部分であり、レンズ面の中心から離れるほど、該レンズ面の物体側への形状変化量が大きくなる後段物側中央領域と、
物体側に向けた面の中間部分であり、レンズ面の中心から離れるほど、上記形状変化量が小さくなる後段物側中間領域とを有しており、
像面側に向けた面が概略平面であり、
上記後段レンズの物体側に向けた面では、レンズ面の中心から上記後段物側中央領域と上記後段物側中間領域との境界までの距離が、レンズ面の中心からレンズ面の縁までの距離の3割以上であり、
像面と上記後段レンズの像面側に向けた面との間隔をCAV、撮像レンズの光学全長をOTLVとすると、数式(1)
CAV/OTLV<0.15 ・・・(1)
を満足する。
上記撮像レンズの焦点距離をfV、上記前段レンズの焦点距離をf5V、上記後段レンズの焦点距離をfcVとすると、数式(2)および(3)
3.4<f5V/fV<5.2 ・・・(2)
-1.7<fcV/fV<-1.1 ・・・(3)
を満足する。
像面と上記前段レンズの像面側に向けた面の中心との間隔が、0.8mm以上である。
上記異なる態様1から3のいずれかの撮像レンズと、
上記撮像レンズの像面に配置されている撮像素子とを備えている撮像装置であって、
物体側から像面側へと向かって順に、開口絞り、第1レンズ、第2レンズ、第3レンズ、第4レンズ、上記前段レンズ、上記後段レンズが配置されており、
上記第1レンズは、
正の屈折力を有しており、
物体側に向けた面が凸形状であり、
上記第2レンズは、
負の屈折力を有しているメニスカスレンズであり、
物体側に向けた面が凸形状であり、
上記第3レンズは、
正の屈折力を有しており、
像面側に向けた面が凸形状であり、
上記第4レンズは、
負の屈折力を有しているメニスカスレンズであり、
物体側に向けた面が凹形状であり、
上記撮像素子の対角のセンササイズをSDVとすると、数式(4)
0.7<OTLV/SDV<1.0 ・・・(4)
を満足する。
上記第2レンズのアッベ数が30以下であり、
上記第4レンズの屈折率が1.6以上である。
2 撮像素子
3 受光部
4 積層基板(素子収納部)
4´´ 実装基板
5 開口部
6 積層基板の上面
7 赤外線カットガラス
8 レンズ
9 フリップチップボンド
10 実装部品
11 物体
12 像側面の縁
13 段差部
14 鍔部
15 段差部の端部
16 スペース
17 突出部
18 突出部の端部
19 ゲートカット部
20 ボンディングワイヤ
21 センサカバー(素子収納部)
22 開口部
23 鍔受け部
24 鍔受け部の上面(素子収納部の上面)
25 接着剤
26 追加積層基板
27 開口部
28 レンズ素子の側面
29 追加積層基板の上面
30 レンズバレル
31 周辺構造体
32 変曲点
33 突出部
34 金型
35 樹脂
36 樹脂被成形物
37 成形型
38 基材
39 撮像装置筐体
40 コイル
41 マグネット
42 板バネ
43 前段レンズ群
44 側面部分(傾斜)
45 金型(下)
46 迷光
47 フリップチップ基板(素子収納部)
48 バンプ
49 マイクロレンズ群
50 光線
51 空気
52 突出部
53 フリップチップ基板の上面
54 スペース
55 素子接着部
56 開口部
57 フィルム
58 変曲点
59 ゲート
601 撮像装置
L1 物側面
L2 像側面
La 光軸
Ln 法線方向
M0 開口絞り
M1 第1レンズ
M2 第2レンズ
M3 第3レンズ
M4 第4レンズ
SL1 物側面の外形のサイズ
SL2 像側面の外形のサイズ
Z1 離間距離
1V 撮像装置
2V、100V、200V、300V、400V、500V、600V、700V、800V、900V 撮像レンズ
3V 撮像素子
LOCV 後段レンズ
L1V 第1レンズ
L2V 第2レンズ
L3V 第3レンズ
L4V 第4レンズ
L5V 前段レンズ
c9V 中央部分
p9V 周辺部分
s9V 前段レンズの物体側に向けた面
c10V 中央部分
p10V 周辺部分
s10V 前段レンズの像面側に向けた面
ct10V 前段レンズの像面側に向けた面の中心
c13V 後段物側中央領域
m13V 後段物側中間領域
s13V 後段レンズの物体側に向けた面
ct13V 後段レンズの物体側に向けた面の中心
ed13V 後段レンズの物体側に向けた面の縁
s14V 後段レンズの像面側に向けた面
s15V 像面
1W 撮像レンズ
11W 第1レンズ
12W 第2レンズ
13W 第3レンズ
14W 第4レンズ
15W 上部レンズ
16W IRカットガラス
17W 下部レンズ
18W 像面
DW 撮像素子の受光面対角線長
FBW 上部レンズの焦点距離
OTLW 撮像レンズの光学全長
dW 下部レンズ近接距離
fW 撮像レンズ全体の焦点距離
f4W 第4レンズの焦点距離
fcW 下部レンズの焦点距離
Claims (26)
- 物体側に向けられ、非球面かつ凹面である物側面と、
像面側に向けられ、概略平面である像側面とを備えており、
上記像側面の外形の形状が、概略矩形であることを特徴とするレンズ素子。 - 上記レンズ素子を通過した光を受光する受光部の形状に応じて、上記像側面の外形のサイズが定められていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のレンズ素子。
- 上記物側面の外形の形状が、円形、または、該円形に内接する少なくとも1つの線で該円形を切断してなる形状であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のレンズ素子。
- 上記像側面の縁に隣接する傾斜を有していることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載のレンズ素子。
- 上記傾斜の傾斜角度は、上記レンズ素子の光軸に対して40°以上であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載のレンズ素子。
- 上記像側面に、ナノインプリントによって形成された凹凸を有していることを特徴とする請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載のレンズ素子。
- 請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載のレンズ素子と、
上記レンズ素子を通過した光を受光する受光部を有している撮像素子と、
上記撮像素子を収納する素子収納部とを備えており、
上記素子収納部によって、上記像側面より上記物体側で上記レンズ素子が支持されていることを特徴とする撮像装置。 - 上記撮像装置は、
上記レンズ素子より上記物体側に配置された、少なくとも1枚のレンズからなる前段レンズ部と、
上記レンズ素子を固定した状態で上記前段レンズ部を移動させる移動機構とを備えており、
上記前段レンズ部を構成するレンズのうち、最も上記レンズ素子に近いレンズの少なくとも1つのレンズ面は、凹形状と凸形状との境界である変曲点を有していることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の撮像装置。 - 上記前段レンズ部を収納するレンズバレルを備えていないことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の撮像装置。
- 上記レンズ素子は、上記像側面に対して上記物側面が、上記レンズ素子の光軸に対する法線方向に突出した部分として形成された鍔部を有しており、
上記レンズ素子の光軸方向に沿った、上記鍔部と上記像側面との離間距離が0.15mm以上であることを特徴とする請求項7から9のいずれか1項に記載の撮像装置。 - 上記素子収納部は、所定の配線パターンを有していることを特徴とする請求項7から9のいずれか1項に記載の撮像装置。
- 上記レンズ素子は、上記像側面に対して上記物側面が、上記レンズ素子の光軸に対する法線方向に突出した部分として形成された鍔部を有しており、
上記レンズ素子の光軸方向において、上記鍔部と上記素子収納部とが離間されていることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の撮像装置。 - 上記レンズ素子の光軸方向に、上記像側面と上記撮像素子とが接していることを特徴とする請求項7から12のいずれか1項に記載の撮像装置。
- 上記像側面に突出部が形成されており、
上記突出部の端部が上記撮像素子に当接することで、上記像側面と上記撮像素子との間隔が規定されていることを特徴とする請求項7から12のいずれか1項に記載の撮像装置。 - 上記レンズ素子が上記素子収納部に載せられており、
上記レンズ素子の光軸方向に、上記素子収納部が上記撮像素子に当接することで、上記像側面と上記撮像素子との間隔が規定されていることを特徴とする請求項7から12のいずれか1項に記載の撮像装置。 - 上記素子収納部は、上記レンズ素子の光軸方向に開口した、上記物側面の外形のサイズより小さい開口部を有しており、
上記物側面は、上記開口部より上記像面側に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項7から15のいずれか1項に記載の撮像装置。 - 物体側から像面側へと向かって、前段レンズ、後段レンズの順にレンズが配置されており、
上記前段レンズは、
正の屈折力を有しており、
物体側に向けた面の中央部分が凸形状であり、
物体側に向けた面の周辺部分が凹形状であり、
像面側に向けた面の中央部分が凹形状であり、
像面側に向けた面の周辺部分が凸形状であり、
上記後段レンズは、
物体側に向けた面が凹形状であり、
物体側に向けた面の中央部分であり、レンズ面の中心から離れるほど、該レンズ面の物体側への形状変化量が大きくなる後段物側中央領域と、
物体側に向けた面の中間部分であり、レンズ面の中心から離れるほど、上記形状変化量が小さくなる後段物側中間領域とを有しており、
像面側に向けた面が概略平面であり、
上記後段レンズの物体側に向けた面では、レンズ面の中心から上記後段物側中央領域と上記後段物側中間領域との境界までの距離が、レンズ面の中心からレンズ面の縁までの距離の3割以上であり、
像面と上記後段レンズの像面側に向けた面との間隔をCAV、撮像レンズの光学全長をOTLVとすると、数式(1)
CAV/OTLV<0.15 ・・・(1)
を満足することを特徴とする撮像レンズ。 - 上記撮像レンズの焦点距離をfV、上記前段レンズの焦点距離をf5V、上記後段レンズの焦点距離をfcVとすると、数式(2)および(3)
3.4<f5V/fV<5.2 ・・・(2)
-1.7<fcV/fV<-1.1 ・・・(3)
を満足することを特徴とする請求項17に記載の撮像レンズ。 - 像面と上記前段レンズの像面側に向けた面の中心との間隔が、0.8mm以上であることを特徴とする請求項17または18に記載の撮像レンズ。
- 請求項17から19のいずれか1項に記載の撮像レンズと、
上記撮像レンズの像面に配置されている撮像素子とを備えている撮像装置であって、
物体側から像面側へと向かって順に、開口絞り、第1レンズ、第2レンズ、第3レンズ、第4レンズ、上記前段レンズ、上記後段レンズが配置されており、
上記第1レンズは、
正の屈折力を有しており、
物体側に向けた面が凸形状であり、
上記第2レンズは、
負の屈折力を有しているメニスカスレンズであり、
物体側に向けた面が凸形状であり、
上記第3レンズは、
正の屈折力を有しており、
像面側に向けた面が凸形状であり、
上記第4レンズは、
負の屈折力を有しているメニスカスレンズであり、
物体側に向けた面が凹形状であり、
上記撮像素子の対角のセンササイズをSDVとすると、数式(4)
0.7<OTLV/SDV<1.0 ・・・(4)
を満足することを特徴とする撮像装置。 - 上記第2レンズのアッベ数が30以下であり、
上記第4レンズの屈折率が1.6以上であることを特徴とする請求項20に記載の撮像装置。 - 物体の像を像面に結像させる撮像レンズであって、
物体側が凸である正の屈折率を有する第1レンズと、物体側が凸であるメニスカスレンズからなる第2レンズと、像面側が凸である正の屈折率を有する第3レンズと、正の屈折率を有しかつ像面側の形状が変曲点を有する形状である第4レンズとが物体側から像面側に向かってこの順で配置された上部レンズと、
上記上部レンズに対して像面側に配置された、物体側が凹であり像面側が概略平面である下部レンズとを備え、
上記下部レンズにおける物体側の面の形状は、レンズ中心から有効径端側に向かって、レンズ中心と有効径端との距離の30%以上に設定される所定距離までは物体側への形状変化量が増加し、上記所定距離を超えると物体側への形状変化量が減少する形状であり、
上記下部レンズと上記像面との距離が当該撮像レンズの光学全長の0.15倍未満であることを特徴とする撮像レンズ。 - 上記像面は撮像素子の受光面であり、かつ上記受光面は対角線長がDW(mm)の略矩形形状を有しており、
当該撮像レンズの光学全長をOTLW(mm)、当該撮像レンズ全体の焦点距離をfW(mm)、上記第4レンズの焦点距離をf4W(mm)、上記下部レンズの焦点距離をfcW(mm)とすると、
0.7<OTLW/DW<0.9、かつ
-5.7<f4W/fW<-2.9、かつ
-1.8<fcW/fW<-1.2
の関係を満たすことを特徴とする請求項22に記載の撮像レンズ。 - 上記上部レンズから上記像面まで距離が0.8mm未満であることを特徴とする請求項22または23に記載の撮像レンズ。
- 上記第1レンズにおける物体側の面の有効口径の周りを取り囲む位置に開口絞りが備えられていることを特徴とする請求項22から24のいずれか1項に記載の撮像レンズ。
- 請求項22から25のいずれか1項に記載の撮像レンズと、
上記撮像レンズを通過した光を受光して電気信号に変換する撮像素子とを備えていることを特徴とする撮像装置。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN106164731A (zh) | 2016-11-23 |
CN106164731B (zh) | 2019-08-20 |
US10228536B2 (en) | 2019-03-12 |
JPWO2015151697A1 (ja) | 2017-04-13 |
JP6513779B2 (ja) | 2019-05-15 |
US20170023775A1 (en) | 2017-01-26 |
JP2018032052A (ja) | 2018-03-01 |
JP6254680B2 (ja) | 2018-01-10 |
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