WO2015143948A1 - 一种现场足迹的拍照提取方法及提取装置 - Google Patents

一种现场足迹的拍照提取方法及提取装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015143948A1
WO2015143948A1 PCT/CN2015/071926 CN2015071926W WO2015143948A1 WO 2015143948 A1 WO2015143948 A1 WO 2015143948A1 CN 2015071926 W CN2015071926 W CN 2015071926W WO 2015143948 A1 WO2015143948 A1 WO 2015143948A1
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Prior art keywords
image
footprint
grazing
light source
photographing
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PCT/CN2015/071926
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李博
谭重建
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大连恒锐科技股份有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN201410117440.5A external-priority patent/CN103838059B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201410116889.XA external-priority patent/CN103886601B/zh
Application filed by 大连恒锐科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 大连恒锐科技股份有限公司
Priority to EP15768081.0A priority Critical patent/EP3054419B1/en
Publication of WO2015143948A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015143948A1/zh
Priority to US15/187,755 priority patent/US9990545B2/en

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T5/00Image enhancement or restoration
    • G06T5/90Dynamic range modification of images or parts thereof
    • G06T5/92Dynamic range modification of images or parts thereof based on global image properties
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T5/00Image enhancement or restoration
    • G06T5/50Image enhancement or restoration using two or more images, e.g. averaging or subtraction
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06VIMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V10/00Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding
    • G06V10/10Image acquisition
    • G06V10/12Details of acquisition arrangements; Constructional details thereof
    • G06V10/14Optical characteristics of the device performing the acquisition or on the illumination arrangements
    • G06V10/145Illumination specially adapted for pattern recognition, e.g. using gratings
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06VIMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V10/00Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding
    • G06V10/40Extraction of image or video features
    • G06V10/60Extraction of image or video features relating to illumination properties, e.g. using a reflectance or lighting model
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06VIMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V20/00Scenes; Scene-specific elements
    • G06V20/20Scenes; Scene-specific elements in augmented reality scenes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06VIMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/117Identification of persons
    • A61B5/1171Identification of persons based on the shapes or appearances of their bodies or parts thereof
    • A61B5/1174Identification of persons based on the shapes or appearances of their bodies or parts thereof using footprinting
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/10Image acquisition modality
    • G06T2207/10141Special mode during image acquisition
    • G06T2207/10152Varying illumination
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/20Special algorithmic details
    • G06T2207/20212Image combination
    • G06T2207/20221Image fusion; Image merging

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of data acquisition and extraction technologies, and in particular, to a method and a device for extracting photographs of a scene footprint.
  • the shooting angle is tilted, resulting in deformation of the ingested footprint image
  • the purpose of the present application is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a photographing method and an extracting device for a scene footprint.
  • a method for extracting a scene footprint pattern includes the following steps:
  • the first image and the second image are converted to an HSV mode before acquiring the luminance component V1 of the first image and the luminance component V2 of the second image.
  • the angle ⁇ between the grazing light and the footprint bearing object includes: 0° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 10°.
  • the first image is the same as the shooting area corresponding to the second image.
  • the grazing source forming the grazing light comprises at least two and respectively located on both sides of the width direction of the footprint, and the length direction of the grazing source is consistent with the length direction of the footprint; the grazing source can compensate each other to obtain all the footprints. Corresponding lighting.
  • the grazing source forming the grazing light takes a strip structure.
  • the grazing source forming the grazing light employs a collimating mirror or a collimating mirror system.
  • the diffuse reflection light source illuminates the environment
  • the surface light source is used to form the diffuse reflection light
  • the surface light source that emits the diffuse reflection light includes at least two, and is respectively located on both sides of the width direction of the footprint, the length direction of the surface light source and the length of the footprint. The direction is the same.
  • the grazing light source and the diffuse light source alternately illuminate the area to be photographed.
  • the light sources forming the grazing light and the diffuse reflection light each use a white light source.
  • the angle ⁇ formed by the diffuse reflection surface for forming the diffuse reflection light and the surface of the bearing object includes: 45° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 90°.
  • a device for extracting footprint patterns comprising:
  • a first acquiring module configured to capture part or all of the illumination range of the grazing light source under illumination of the grazing light source, to obtain a first image, the first image having a part or all of the footprint pattern, and the bearing of the footprint Trace object pattern;
  • a second acquiring module configured to capture part or all of the illumination range of the diffuse reflection light source under illumination of the diffuse reflection light source, to obtain a second image, the second image having a bearing object pattern;
  • An analysis module configured to analyze a luminance component V1 of the first image and a luminance component V2 of the second image, and divide a luminance component V1 of the first image and a luminance component V2 of the second image Operation, obtaining the brightness distribution ratio V3 of the two;
  • an extraction module configured to extract a third image corresponding to the brightness distribution ratio V3, wherein the third image has only a footprint pattern.
  • a conversion module is included for converting the first image and the second image into an HSV mode before acquiring the luminance component V1 of the first image and the luminance component V2 of the second image.
  • the utility model has the beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present application: the photographing method and the extracting device for the scene footprint of the present application can utilize the illumination of the grazing light to form an image with a footprint and a bearing object at a fixed angle, in a diffuse reflection lighting environment.
  • the image of the footprint bearing object without the footprint is formed at a medium angle, and two images can be obtained by subtracting the layer to obtain the footprint image, and then the footprint bearing object pattern is removed, leaving only a clearly distinguishable footprint pattern;
  • the shooting position of the secondary image is the same, so that the acquired footprint image is more accurate.
  • the method for extracting the scene footprint provided by the present application is simple in algorithm, obvious in effect, and fast in pattern extraction.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for extracting a footprint pattern according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2a is a schematic diagram of an image taken under irradiation of a grazing light source according to an embodiment of the present application
  • 2b is a schematic diagram of an image with a cut-out portion of an image taken under illumination by a grazing light source according to an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an image taken by a diffuse light source according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an image after removing the acquired footprint image bearing object pattern according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an extraction device for a footprint pattern according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • a photographing method and an extracting apparatus for a scene footprint are provided.
  • the extraction method includes:
  • the equipment taken for photographing the on-site footprint includes a chassis, a camera, four groups of LED light sources, two sets of white LED sidelights forming a grazing source, and two sets of diffuse light sources.
  • the high-pixel camera is fixed at the top of the chassis, and is shot at a fixed angle to form a standardized footprint for easy retrieval and identification.
  • Each time the footprint is taken two sets of pictures under the illumination environment of grazing light and diffuse reflection light are respectively taken to form an image under different light sources, which is convenient for removing the background for footprint identification.
  • the angle ⁇ between the grazing light and the object of the footprint bearing is in the range of 0° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 10°, and the angle of the angle can obtain a better shooting effect in the range, and the grazing light is formed.
  • the light source is located on both sides of the width direction of the footprint, and the length direction of the light source is consistent with the length direction of the footprint.
  • the grazing source is relatively disposed on both sides of the chassis, and the bottom of the chassis is open.
  • the chassis is placed on the footprint to be photographed, and the grazing source that forms the grazing light is located on both sides of the width direction of the footprint, and the length direction of the light source is consistent with the length direction of the footprint.
  • the grazing light is guaranteed to be grazing in the target area and the grazing light on both sides of the footprint can compensate each other so that all of the footprint can be illuminated accordingly.
  • the target area is the footprint enclosed by the enclosure and the area of the bearing object that bears the footprint.
  • the grazing source forming the grazing light adopts a strip structure and adopts a collimating mirror or a collimating mirror system.
  • the collimating mirror may be a cylindrical mirror, a convex lens or a concave mirror
  • the collimating mirror system may be a combination of a cylindrical mirror, a convex lens or a concave mirror.
  • a cylindrical mirror is used.
  • the grazing light is grazing in the target area and the grazing light on both sides of the footprint can compensate each other so that all the footprints can be correspondingly illuminated. Since the width of the footprint is less than the length, the light gradually decays with the increase of the propagation distance, thus forming
  • the grazing source of the grazing light is located on both sides of the width of the footprint, the length of the light source
  • the degree direction is consistent with the length direction of the footprint, that is, the grazing source is disposed on both sides of the width direction of the footprint, and is directed from one side of the footprint to the other side along the width of the footprint.
  • the grazing light on both sides can be compensated for each other, so that the footprint in the middle of the two glancing light sources is not insufficiently illuminated.
  • the glancing light source is disposed on both sides of the length of the footprint, due to the large length of the footprint, the glancing light may be excessively attenuated, resulting in insufficient footprint illumination.
  • a grazing source may be disposed on both sides of the footprint width direction to ensure the shooting needs, and a grazing source is provided on both sides of the length direction of the footprint to enhance the illumination to further improve the shooting effect.
  • the surface light source is used to form diffuse reflection light.
  • the surface light sources are located on both sides of the width of the footprint, and the length direction of the light source is consistent with the length direction of the footprint.
  • the image of the footprint-free object of the footprint is taken at a fixed angle, and the background image is formed by two shots in the grazing light and the diffuse light. Two images. Using the images taken twice, the background is removed to obtain a footprint image.
  • the source of the grazing source and the diffusely reflected light are both white light sources, because the light of the white light is shorter and the imaging effect is better.
  • the diffuse reflection light is provided by the surface light source, and the light emitted by the LED is emitted to the emitting plate with the matte surface to scatter, and the footprint and the object of the bearing are illuminated.
  • the diffuse reflection light source is oppositely arranged on both sides of the chassis, and the diffuse reflection light source is plucked. Above the light source. In the present embodiment, the diffuse reflection light sources are located on both sides in the width direction of the footprint.
  • a plurality of high-pixel cameras are located at the top of the chassis, and the footprint and the object of the bearing are photographed vertically downward.
  • the camera is two, and the two cameras are arranged along the length of the footprint.
  • the image taken under the illumination of the grazing light source has a footprint pattern and a footprint object pattern of the footprint, and the matrix elements obtained by performing brightness analysis on the image are more clear for clarity.
  • the ground indicates the luminance component of the image, and a part of the image is intercepted as an example.
  • 2b1 is the captured partial image
  • Table 1 is the result of extracting the luminance component of the portion:
  • the image taken under the illumination of the diffuse light source has only the pattern of the object of the bearing, and since the matrix element is obtained by performing brightness analysis on the image, only the image is intercepted.
  • the analysis results of the partial images are shown in Table 2:
  • the luminance component at the (1, 1) position is 0.2510
  • the luminance component at the (2, 1) position is 0.2588, and the like.
  • the luminance component at the position (1, 1) is 0.6875, which is the luminance component value at the position (1, 1) in Table 1 and the luminance component at the (1, 1) position in Table 2.
  • the result of the division operation is obtained;
  • the luminance component at the position of (2., 1) is 0.7121, which is the luminance component value at the position (2, 1) in Table 1 and the luminance at the (2, 1) position in Table 2.
  • the result of dividing the component value, and so on is a certain range of errors may be generated for some reasons, but these errors do not have much influence on the image processing result.
  • first image and the second image are converted into the HSV mode before the luminance component V1 of the first image and the luminance component V2 of the second image are acquired.
  • the method of footprint extraction according to the present application is such that a fixed camera shoots an area to be photographed under different light sources, it is photographed. a shooting area corresponding to the first image and the second image The fields are the same, which ensures that the results of the footprint extraction are more accurate and the effect is more obvious.
  • the grazing light source and the diffuse light source alternately illuminate the area to be photographed.
  • the range of the angle ⁇ between the grazing light and the surface of the bearing object includes: 0° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 10°.
  • the grazing light source includes at least two light-emitting areas to be photographed from both sides.
  • the range of the angle ⁇ formed by the diffuse reflecting surface for forming the diffusely reflected light and the surface of the bearing object includes: 45° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 90°.
  • the diffusely reflected light source includes at least two light-emitting areas to be photographed from both sides.
  • an extraction device for a footprint pattern is also provided.
  • the device includes:
  • a first obtaining module 51 configured to capture part or all of the illumination range of the grazing light source under illumination of the grazing light source, to obtain a first image, the first image having part or all of the footprint pattern, and the bearing pattern of the footprint ;
  • the second obtaining module 52 is configured to capture part or all of the illumination range of the diffuse reflection light source under illumination of the diffuse reflection light source to obtain a second image, and the second image has a bearing object pattern;
  • the analyzing module 53 is configured to analyze the luminance component V1 of the first image and the luminance component V2 of the second image, and divide the luminance component V of the first image and the luminance component V2 of the second image to obtain the brightness of the two Distribution ratio V3;
  • the extraction module 54 is configured to extract a third image corresponding to the brightness distribution ratio V3, and the third image only has a footprint pattern.
  • a conversion module (not shown) is configured to convert the first image and the second image into an HSV mode before acquiring the luminance component V1 of the first image and the luminance component V2 of the second image.
  • the photographing method and the extracting device for the scene footprint of the present application can use the illumination of the grazing light to form an image with a footprint and a bearing object at a fixed angle, and to take a footprint without a footprint in a diffuse light illumination environment.
  • the image of the object forms two images that can be compared and subtracted to obtain the footprint image, and then the footprint bearing object pattern is removed, leaving only a clearly identifiable footprint pattern; since the two images are captured at the same position, the calculation is performed.
  • the captured footprint image is more accurate; in addition, this
  • the photo extraction method of the on-site footprint provided by the application is simple, the effect is obvious, and the footprint pattern extraction speed is fast.

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Abstract

本申请涉及一种现场足迹图案的拍摄提取方法及提取装置,方法包括:在掠射光照射下,定角度拍照获取足迹第一图像;在漫反射光照射下,定角度拍照获取足迹第二图像;将第一图像的亮度分量V1与以及第二图像的亮度分量V2作除运算,得到二者的亮度分布比V3;提取亮度分布比V3所对应的第三图像。根据本申请的技术方案,能够使得图像采集效果更好,从而为之后的足迹获取认定提供更好的图像材料,能够实现将足迹承痕客体图案去除,只留下清晰可辨的足迹图案;并且,算法简单,结果也更加精确。

Description

一种现场足迹的拍照提取方法及提取装置 技术领域
本申请涉及数据采集及提取技术领域,并且特别地,涉及一种现场足迹的拍照提取方法及提取装置。
背景技术
目前对于提取室内常见的地砖、地板等硬质平整地面上、或者桌面上的足迹图像,还没有专用的一体化便携设备,只有沿袭多年的相机加照明灯的传统人工操作方法,并且,现有室内现场足迹照相提取的方式主要采用警用强光灯从不同角度照明加照相机拍照的方式,需要对足迹图像进行两次采集,一次采集的图像为有足迹及承痕客体的图像,一次采集的图像为没有足迹的足迹承痕客体的图像,全由人工操作,摄制的图像因现场操作人而异,常见的问题有:
1、拍摄角度倾斜,导致摄取的足迹图像变形;
2、现场室内的正常照明会让地板花纹也同时清晰成像,干扰有效足迹图像;
3、由于是由人工操作,使用照相机对足迹图像区域进行至少两次拍摄,得到的图像的取景位置很难保证完全相同。上述问题都会干扰正常的足迹图像信息,降低足迹图像质量,为后期辨识分析带来障碍。
实用新型内容
本申请的目的为克服现有技术的不足,提供一种现场足迹的拍照提取方法及提取装置。
本申请采用如下技术方案:
一种现场足迹图案的拍摄提取方法,包括以下步骤:
S1:在掠射光光源的照射下,定角度拍摄所述掠射光光源照射范围的部分或全部,获取第一图像,所述第一图像具有部分或全部足迹图案、以及该足迹的承痕客体图案;
S2:在漫反射光光源的照射下,定角度拍摄所述漫反射光光源照射范围内的部分或全部,获取第二图像,所述第二图像具有无足迹的足迹承痕客体图案;
S3:分析所述第一图像的亮度分量V1、以及所述第二图像的亮度分量V2,并将所述第一图像的亮度分量V1与所述第二图像的亮度分量V2作除运算,得 到二者的亮度分布比V3;
S4:提取亮度分布比V3所对应的第三图像,所述第三图像仅具有足迹图案。
优选的,在获取所述第一图像的亮度分量V1、以及所述第二图像的亮度分量V2之前,将所述第一图像和所述第二图像转换为HSV模式。
优选的,掠射光照明环境中,掠射光与足迹承痕客体之间所成夹角α取值范围包括:0°≤α≤10°。
优选的,所述第一图像与所述第二图像所对应的拍摄区域相同。
优选的,形成掠射光的掠射光源包括至少两个,且分别位于足迹宽度方向两侧,掠射光源的长度方向与足迹的长度方向一致;掠射光源能够相互补偿使足迹的全部都能得到相应的照明。
优选的,形成掠射光的掠射光源采取条状结构。
优选的,形成掠射光的掠射光源采取准直镜或准直镜系统。
优选的,漫反射光光源照射环境中,采取面光源形成漫反射光,作为发出漫反射光的面光源包括至少两个,且分别位于足迹宽度方向两侧,面光源的长度方向与足迹的长度方向一致。
优选的,所述掠射光光源和所述漫反射光光源交替照射欲拍摄的区域。
优选的,形成掠射光及漫反射光的光源均采用白光光源。
优选的,用于形成漫反射光的漫反射面与承痕客体表面所成的角度β的取值范围包括:45°<β<90°。
一种足迹图案的提取装置,包括:
第一获取模块,用于在掠射光光源的照射下,拍摄所述掠射光光源照射范围的部分或全部,获取第一图像,所述第一图像具有部分或全部足迹图案、以及该足迹的承痕客体图案;
第二获取模块,用于在漫反射光光源的照射下,拍摄所述漫反射光光源照射范围内的部分或全部,获取第二图像,所述第二图像具有承痕客体图案;
分析模块,用于分析所述第一图像的亮度分量V1、以及所述第二图像的亮度分量V2,并将所述第一图像的亮度分量V1与所述第二图像的亮度分量V2作除运算,得到二者的亮度分布比V3;
提取模块,用于提取亮度分布比V3所对应的第三图像,所述第三图像仅具有足迹图案。
优选的,包括转换模块,用于在获取所述第一图像的亮度分量V1、以及所述第二图像的亮度分量V2之前,将所述第一图像和所述第二图像转换为HSV模式。
采用本申请的技术方案的有益效果:本申请一种现场足迹的拍照提取方法及提取装置,利用掠射光的光照,可以定角度拍摄形成有足迹及承痕客体的图像,在漫反射光照明环境中定角度拍摄无足迹的足迹承痕客体的图像,形成可以进行减层对比进而获得足迹图像的两幅图像,然后将足迹承痕客体图案去除,只留下清晰可辨的足迹图案;由于两次图像的拍摄位置相同,从而通过计算获取的足迹图像更加精确;另外,本申请提供的现场足迹的拍照提取方法算法简单,效果明显,足迹图案提取速度快。
附图说明
图1:根据本申请实施例的足迹图案的提取方法流程图;
图2a:根据本申请实施例的掠射光光源照射下所拍摄的图像示意图;
图2b:根据本申请实施例的掠射光光源照射下所拍摄的图像带有截取部分的图像示意图;
图3:根据本申请实施例的漫反射光光源照射写所拍摄的图像示意图;
图4:根据本申请实施例经过处理将所获取的足迹图像承痕客体图案去除后的图像示意图;
图5:根据本申请实施例的足迹图案的提取装置框图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂,下面结合附图对本申请的具体实施方式做详细的说明。
在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本申请,但是本申请还可以采用其他不同于在此描述的其它方式来实施,本领域技术人员可以在不违背本申请内涵的情况下做类似推广,因此本申请不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
其次,本申请结合示意图进行详细描述,在详述本申请实施例时,为便于说明,表示装置结构的剖面图会不依一般比例作局部放大,而且所述示意图只是示例,其在此不应限制本申请保护的范围。此外,在实际制作中应包含长度、宽度及深度的三维空间尺寸。
根据本申请的实施例,提供了一种现场足迹的拍照提取方法及提取装置。
如图1所示,该提取方法包括:
S1:在掠射光光源的照射下,定角度拍摄所述掠射光光源照射范围的部分或全部,获取第一图像,所述第一图像具有部分或全部足迹图案、以及该足迹的承痕客体图案;
S2:在漫反射光光源的照射下,定角度拍摄所述漫反射光光源照射范围内的部分或全部,获取第二图像,所述第二图像具有无足迹的足迹承痕客体图案;
S3:分析所述第一图像的亮度分量V1、以及所述第二图像的亮度分量V2,并将所述第一图像的亮度分量V1与所述第二图像的亮度分量V2作除运算,得到二者的亮度分布比V3;
S4:提取亮度分布比V3所对应的第三图像,所述第三图像仅具有足迹图案。
其中,对现场足迹进行拍照所采取的设备,包括机箱、摄像头、四组LED光源,两组白光LED侧光灯形成掠射光源,两组漫反射光源。高像素摄像头固定在机箱顶端,定角度拍摄,形成标准化足迹拍照,便于后期检索鉴定。每次采集足迹分别拍摄掠射光和漫反射光两种光照环境下的两组图片,形成不同光源下的图像,便于去除背景进行足迹鉴定。
优选的,掠射光与足迹承痕客体之间所成夹角α取值范围为:0°≤α≤10°,夹角角度在此范围内可以获得较好的拍摄效果,形成掠射光的掠射光源位于足迹宽度方向两侧,光源的长度方向与足迹的长度方向一致。
其中,掠射光源在机箱两侧相对设置,机箱底部开放。拍照时,将机箱罩在需要拍摄的足迹上,将形成掠射光的掠射光源位于足迹的宽度方向两侧,光源的长度方向与足迹的长度方向一致。掠射光要保证掠射在目标区域且足迹两侧的掠射光能够相互补偿使足迹的全部都能得到相应的照明。目标区域指由机箱围括的足迹及承受足迹的承痕客体的区域。
其中,形成掠射光的掠射光源采取条状结构,并采取准直镜或准直镜系统。准直镜可以为柱面镜、凸透镜或凹面反射镜,准直镜系统可以为柱面镜、凸透镜或凹面反射镜的组合结构。本实施例中选用柱面镜。
其中,掠射光掠射在目标区域且足迹两侧的掠射光能够相互补偿使足迹的全部都能得到相应的照明,由于足迹的宽度小于长度,光随传播距离的增大逐渐衰减,因此,形成掠射光的掠射光源位于足迹的宽度方向的两侧,光源的长 度方向与足迹的长度方向一致,即掠射光源设于足迹宽度方向两侧,从足迹一侧沿足迹宽度方向射向另一侧。这样,能使两侧的掠射光相互补偿,不至于使位于两个掠射光源中间的足迹发生照明不足的现象。若两个掠射光设于足迹的足尖和足跟位置,即掠射光源设于足迹长度方向两侧,由于足迹的长度较大,则可能发生掠射光衰减过大,致使足迹照明不足。在其他实施例中,也可以在足迹宽度方向两侧设置掠射光源保证拍摄需要,并在足迹长度方向两侧设置掠射光源加强光照进一步提高拍摄效果。
优选的,漫反射光照明环境中,采取面光源形成漫反射光。面光源位于足迹宽度方向的两侧,光源的长度方向与足迹的长度方向一致。在漫反射光照明环境中定角度拍摄无足迹的足迹承痕客体的图像即背景图,通过在掠射光及漫反射光两种光照环境下的两次拍摄形成可以进行减层对比进而获得足迹图像的两幅图像。利用两次拍摄的图像,去除背景获得足迹图像。
其中,掠射光源与漫反射光的光源均采用白光光源,是因为白光的光波较短,成像效果更好。
其中,漫反射光采取面光源提供,LED发出的光射到具有毛面的发射板后散射出去,对足迹及承痕客体进行照明,漫反射光源在机箱两侧相对设置,漫反射光源在掠射光光源的上方。在本实施例中,漫反射光源位于足迹宽度方向两侧。
其中,多个高像素摄像头位于机箱顶部,竖直向下对足迹及承痕客体进行拍摄,在本实施例中,摄像头为两个,两个摄像头沿足迹长度方向排列。
本实施例中,如图2a所示,为掠射光光源照射下所拍摄的图像,该图像具有足迹图案和足迹的承痕客体图案,由于对该图像进行亮度分析所得矩阵元素较多,为了清楚地表示该图像的亮度分量,截取该图像的一部分作为示例,如图2b所示,2b1为所截取的部分图像,表1为对该部分进行亮度分量提取的结果:
表1
  1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 0.1725 0.1843 0.1804 0.1765 0.1804 0.1725 0.1686 0.1647
2 0.1922 0.1843 0.1843 0.1843 0.1882 0.1804 0.1725 0.1765
3 0.2039 0.1961 0.2000 0.2039 0.2000 0.1882 0.1843 0.1882
4 0.2078 0.2078 0.2118 0.2078 0.2039 0.2039 0.2000 0.1961
5 0.2118 0.2118 0.2157 0.2157 0.2118 0.2118 0.2078 0.2039
6 0.2118 0.2157 0.2235 0.2235 0.2235 0.2235 0.2196 0.2118
7 0.2196 0.2235 0.2196 0.2235 0.2235 0.2235 0.2196 0.2157
8 0.2157 0.2157 0.2118 0.2196 0.2235 0.2235 0.2196 0.2157
9 0.2039 0.2078 0.2039 0.2118 0.2196 0.2196 0.2235 0.2235
10 0.2078 0.2078 0.2039 0.2118 0.2196 0.2157 0.2196 0.2275
11 0.2000 0.2000 0.2078 0.2157 0.2196 0.2157 0.2157 0.2235
12 0.1922 0.1961 0.2039 0.2039 0.2078 0.2078 0.2078 0.2118
13 0.1765 0.1804 0.1882 0.1882 0.1882 0.1882 0.1882 0.1922
14 0.1647 0.1647 0.1725 0.1725 0.1725 0.1765 0.1765 0.1804
15 0.1490 0.1451 0.1490 0.1490 0.1647 0.1686 0.1725 0.1765
16 0.1373 0.1373 0.1373 0.1412 0.1529 0.1529 0.1569 0.1686
17 0.1333 0.1333 0.1333 0.1373 0.1373 0.1373 0.1451 0.1569
18 0.1294 0.1294 0.1294 0.1333 0.1333 0.1373 0.1451 0.1451
19 0.1373 0.1373 0.1373 0.1373 0.1373 0.1412 0.1451 0.1451
20 0.1529 0.1490 0.1451 0.1412 0.1412 0.1412 0.1451 0.1490
21 0.1608 0.1569 0.1608 0.1569 0.1451 0.1451 0.1451 0.1490
不难理解,在表1中,(1,1)位置处的亮度分量是0.1725,(2,1)位置处的亮度分量是0.1843,等等。
如图3所示,为漫反射光光源照射下所拍摄的图像,该图像仅具有承痕客体的图案,由于对该图像进行亮度分析所得矩阵元素较多,所以,仅示出该图像中截取的部分图像的分析结果中作为示例,如表2所示:
Figure PCTCN2015071926-appb-000001
并且,需要说明的是,图3中所截取的部分与图2b中所示出的截取的部 分为两图像中的同一位置部分。
同样,在表2中,(1,1)位置处的亮度分量是0.2510,(2,1)位置处的亮度分量是0.2588,等等。
如图4所示,为经过步骤S105、和步骤S107处理得到的图像,该图像已将承痕客体图案去除,仅保留足迹图像,表3为对上述两幅图像中截取的部分进行亮度分析后,将两部分结果进行除所得的结果:
Figure PCTCN2015071926-appb-000002
同理,在表3中,(1,1)位置处的亮度分量是0.6875,为表1中(1,1)位置处的亮度分量值和表2中(1,1)位置处的亮度分量值做除运算得到的结果;(2.,1)位置处的亮度分量是0.7121,为表1中(2,1)位置处的亮度分量值和表2中(2,1)位置处的亮度分量值做除运算得到的结果,等等,当然,在计算过程中,可能会因为某些原因产生一定范围内的误差,但这些误差并不会对图片处理结果产生太大影响。
此外,在获取第一图像的亮度分量V1、以及第二图像的亮度分量V2之前,将第一图像和第二图像转换为HSV模式。
此外,由于本申请所涉及的足迹提取的方法,是固定的摄像头对欲拍摄的区域在不同光源照射下进行拍摄,所以。第一图像与第二图像所对应的拍摄区 域相同,从而可以保证足迹提取的结果更加精确,效果更加明显。
并且,掠射光光源和漫反射光光源交替照射欲拍摄的区域。
容易理解,由于在掠射光光源照射下和在漫反射光光源照射下,相机拍摄得到的图像内容有所不同,所以,需要两种光源交替照射,对欲拍摄的区域进行拍摄,当然,掠射光光源照射和漫反射光光源照射的先后顺序并无限制。
优选地,掠射光与承痕客体的表面所成角度α的取值范围包括:0°≤α≤10°。
并且,掠射光光源包括至少两个,分别从两侧对欲拍摄区域进行照射。
优选地,用于形成漫反射光的漫反射面与承痕客体表面所成的角度β的取值范围包括:45°<β<90°。
并且,漫反射光光源包括至少两个,分别从两侧对欲拍摄区域进行照射。
根据本申请的实施例,还提供了一种足迹图案的提取装置。
如图5所示,该装置包括:
第一获取模块51,用于在掠射光光源的照射下,拍摄掠射光光源照射范围的部分或全部,获取第一图像,第一图像具有部分或全部足迹图案、以及该足迹的承痕客体图案;
第二获取模块52,用于在漫反射光光源的照射下,拍摄漫反射光光源照射范围内的部分或全部,获取第二图像,第二图像具有承痕客体图案;
分析模块53,用于分析第一图像的亮度分量V1、以及第二图像的亮度分量V2,并将第一图像的亮度分量V与第二图像的亮度分量V2作除运算,得到二者的亮度分布比V3;
提取模块54,用于提取亮度分布比V3所对应的第三图像,第三图像仅具有足迹图案。
转换模块(未示出),用于在获取第一图像的亮度分量V1、以及第二图像的亮度分量V2之前,将第一图像和第二图像转换为HSV模式。
本申请一种现场足迹的拍照提取方法及提取装置,利用掠射光的光照,可以定角度拍摄形成有足迹及承痕客体的图像,在漫反射光照明环境中定角度拍摄无足迹的足迹承痕客体的图像,形成可以进行减层对比进而获得足迹图像的两幅图像,然后将足迹承痕客体图案去除,只留下清晰可辨的足迹图案;由于两次图像的拍摄位置相同,从而通过计算获取的足迹图像更加精确;另外,本 申请提供的现场足迹的拍照提取方法算法简单,效果明显,足迹图案提取速度快。
虽然本申请已以较佳实施例披露如上,然而并非用以限定本申请。任何熟悉本领域的技术人员,在不脱离本申请技术方案范围情况下,都可利用上述揭示的方法和技术内容对本申请技术方案作出许多可能的变动和修饰,或修改为等同变化的等效实施例。因此,凡是未脱离本申请技术方案的内容,依据本申请的技术实质对以上实施例所做的任何简单修改、等同变化及修饰,均仍属于本申请技术方案保护的范围内。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种现场足迹图案的拍摄提取方法,其中,该方法包括以下步骤:
    S1:在掠射光光源的照射下,定角度拍摄所述掠射光光源照射范围的部分或全部,获取第一图像,所述第一图像具有部分或全部足迹图案、以及该足迹的承痕客体图案;
    S2:在漫反射光光源的照射下,定角度拍摄所述漫反射光光源照射范围内的部分或全部,获取第二图像,所述第二图像具有无足迹的足迹承痕客体图案;
    S3:分析所述第一图像的亮度分量V1、以及所述第二图像的亮度分量V2,并将所述第一图像的亮度分量V1与所述第二图像的亮度分量V2作除运算,得到二者的亮度分布比V3;
    S4:提取亮度分布比V3所对应的第三图像,所述第三图像仅具有足迹图案。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种现场足迹图案的拍摄提取方法,其中,在获取所述第一图像的亮度分量V1、以及所述第二图像的亮度分量V2之前,将所述第一图像和所述第二图像转换为HSV模式。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种现场足迹图案的拍摄提取方法,其中:掠射光照明环境中,掠射光与足迹承痕客体之间所成夹角α取值范围包括:0°≤α≤10°。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种现场足迹图案的拍摄提取方法,其中,所述第一图像与所述第二图像所对应的拍摄区域相同。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种现场足迹图案的拍摄提取方法,其中:形成掠射光的掠射光源包括至少两个,且分别位于足迹宽度方向两侧,掠射光源的长度方向与足迹的长度方向一致;掠射光源能够相互补偿使足迹的全部都能得到相应的照明。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种现场足迹图案的拍摄提取方法,其中:形成掠射光的掠射光源采取条状结构。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种现场足迹图案的拍摄提取方法,其中:形成掠射光的掠射光源采取准直镜或准直镜系统。
  8. 根据权利要求1、2、7任一所述的一种现场足迹图案的拍摄提取方法,其中: 漫反射光光源照射环境中,采取面光源形成漫反射光,作为发出漫反射光的面光源包括至少两个,且分别位于足迹宽度方向两侧,面光源的长度方向与足迹的长度方向一致。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种现场足迹图案的拍摄提取方法,其中,所述掠射光光源和所述漫反射光光源交替照射欲拍摄的区域。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的一种现场足迹图案的拍摄提取方法,其中:形成掠射光及漫反射光的光源均采用白光光源。
  11. 根据权利要求8所述的一种现场足迹图案的拍摄提取方法,其中,用于形成漫反射光的漫反射面与承痕客体表面所成的角度β的取值范围包括:45°<β<90°。
  12. 一种足迹图案的提取装置,其中,包括:
    第一获取模块,用于在掠射光光源的照射下,拍摄所述掠射光光源照射范围的部分或全部,获取第一图像,所述第一图像具有部分或全部足迹图案、以及该足迹的承痕客体图案;
    第二获取模块,用于在漫反射光光源的照射下,拍摄所述漫反射光光源照射范围内的部分或全部,获取第二图像,所述第二图像具有承痕客体图案;
    分析模块,用于分析所述第一图像的亮度分量V1、以及所述第二图像的亮度分量V2,并将所述第一图像的亮度分量V1与所述第二图像的亮度分量V2作除运算,得到二者的亮度分布比V3;
    提取模块,用于提取亮度分布比V3所对应的第三图像,所述第三图像仅具有足迹图案。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的一种足迹图案的提取装置,其中,包括转换模块,用于在获取所述第一图像的亮度分量V1、以及所述第二图像的亮度分量V2之前,将所述第一图像和所述第二图像转换为HSV模式。
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