WO2015143878A1 - 一种金属切削液及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种金属切削液及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2015143878A1
WO2015143878A1 PCT/CN2014/090785 CN2014090785W WO2015143878A1 WO 2015143878 A1 WO2015143878 A1 WO 2015143878A1 CN 2014090785 W CN2014090785 W CN 2014090785W WO 2015143878 A1 WO2015143878 A1 WO 2015143878A1
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parts
cutting fluid
metal cutting
water
amide
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PCT/CN2014/090785
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French (fr)
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傅士超
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南通科星化工有限公司
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
    • C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M177/00—Special methods of preparation of lubricating compositions; Chemical modification by after-treatment of components or of the whole of a lubricating composition, not covered by other classes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/105—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing three carbon atoms only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/107—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of two or more specified different alkylene oxides covered by groups C10M2209/104 - C10M2209/106
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/08—Amides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/02—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds
    • C10M2219/022—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds of hydrocarbons, e.g. olefines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2227/06—Organic compounds derived from inorganic acids or metal salts
    • C10M2227/061—Esters derived from boron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/22—Metal working with essential removal of material, e.g. cutting, grinding or drilling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of metal processing, in particular to a metal cutting fluid containing no oil and fat raw materials and a preparation method thereof.
  • Metal processing in the molding process requires different processes such as boring, drilling, tapping, grinding, cutting, etc.
  • cutting fluid oil-based materials with excellent lubricity, such as oils such as cutting oil and emulsified oil, have been used.
  • the present invention provides a metal cutting fluid and a preparation method thereof, which do not contain a grease raw material, can meet the lubrication requirements in the processing of the metal material, and at the same time, have cutting debris of the cutting process. It has high speed and anti-corrosion effect on various metal materials. It does not add any bactericidal preservative, and its oil-water separation performance is extremely strong.
  • the invention provides a metal cutting fluid comprising the following components by weight: 35-45 parts of rust inhibitor, 10-20 parts of polymer polyether lubricating additive, 2-8 parts of modified sulfur base pressure agent , amide 15-25 parts, settling agent 1-3 parts, water 15-22 parts.
  • the above metal cutting fluid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of rust inhibitor, 15 parts of polymer polyether lubricating additive, 5 parts of modified sulfur-based extreme pressure agent, 20 parts of amide, 2 parts of sedimentation agent, water 18 copies.
  • the polymeric polyether lubricating additive is a reverse EO/PO block copolymer.
  • the rust inhibitor is a high performance borate.
  • the high performance borate is triethanolamine borate.
  • the amide is a fatty acid diethanolamide.
  • the preparation method of the above metal cutting fluid is carried out as follows: firstly, the modified sulfur-based extreme pressure agent is mixed with the amide, and then heated to 80° C.-96° C. for preheating for 20-30 minutes, and then the rust inhibitor and the polymer are added. The polyether lubricating additive, the settling agent and the water are uniformly mixed, and finally the finished metal cutting fluid is obtained.
  • the metal cutting fluid can still remain clear and transparent, without stinking or mildew. Extend the service life of cutting fluid several times, reduce the waste of cutting fluid, reduce pollution, protect the environment and save costs.
  • the improved sulfur-based extreme pressure agent was purchased by Shenyang Guangda Chemical Co., Ltd. (the same below);
  • the reverse EO/PO block copolymer is purchased by BASF AG (the same below);
  • the metal cutting fluid was obtained by filtration.
  • the maximum unclutched load value P B of the metal cutting fluid was determined to be 87 kg by the GB-T 3142-1982 lubricant bearing capacity measurement method (four-ball method), and the sintering load value P D was 122 kg.
  • the metal cutting fluid does not rust during use. After one year of continuous use, the metal cutting fluid is still clear and transparent, and no mildew has occurred.
  • the invention provides that the maximum non-biting load value P B of the metal cutting fluid can reach 88 kg, and the sintering load value P D can reach 126 kg, indicating that the metal cutting fluid has excellent lubricity and extreme pressure.
  • the metal cutting fluid does not undergo mildew and has a service life of more than one year.
  • the applicant has found through long-term research that after dissolving the amide in water, it will absorb water molecules and hydrate the groups of the cross-linked polymer, dissociate a large amount of cations, and make the cations move relatively freely, and dissociate.
  • the polymer ions are in a relatively static state, and there is a strong electrostatic repulsion between the two, which can cause the polymer chain to stretch and eventually cause the entire network structure to expand in space, and the water molecules and the network structure are dissociated.
  • Ionic hydration, hydration constitutes an environment different from free water, and there is a strong osmotic pressure inside and outside the environment, which improves the structure of ordinary water, and cooperates with other components to obtain lubricity and extreme pressure of the cutting fluid. Excellent performance, good metal chip sedimentation, and good separation of oil and water.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种金属切削液及其制备方法，该切削液按重量份包括以下组分：防锈剂35-45份，高分子聚醚润滑添加剂10-20份，改进型硫基极压剂2-8份，酰胺15-25份，沉降剂1-3份，水15-22份。制备时先将改进型硫基极压剂与酰胺混合后升温至80℃-96℃预热20-30分钟，然后加入防锈剂、高分子聚醚润滑添加剂、沉降剂和水混合均匀，最后过滤及得金属切削液成品。

Description

一种金属切削液及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及金属加工领域，特别是一种不含油脂原料的金属切削液及其制备方法。
背景技术
金属加工在成型过程中需按不同的要求进行镗、钻、攻、磨、切削加工等诸多工艺，在这些加工工艺的进行中必须要有润滑冷却介质，俗称“切削液”。对于高难度的切削、攻丝、钻孔、挤压、加工一直采用润滑性特别好的油基材料，如切削油、乳化油等油性产品。此类油性产品消耗大量的油品资源，浓郁的刺鼻气味严重影响操作工的身心健康；产生大量废液，不易沉降，很难处理，废水处理费用高；细菌繁殖快，使用周期短，为了控制它的变质往往必须添加一些杀菌防腐剂，这些杀菌防腐剂多少又会对操作工身体和周围环境污染造成危害。
因此，如何研制一种替代油基材料金属加工切削液，以克服现有切削液产品存在的不足，是本领域技术人员所需解决的技术问题。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术中存在的不足，本发明提供了一种金属切削液及其制备方法，该切削液中不含油脂原料，能满足金属材料加工中的润滑要求，同时又有切削加工屑沉降速度快，对各种金属材料有防腐防锈作用，不添加任何杀菌防腐剂，油水分离性能极强。
本发明提供的一种一种金属切削液，按重量份包括以下组分：防锈剂35-45份，高分子聚醚润滑添加剂10-20份，改进型硫基极压剂2-8份，酰胺15-25份，沉降剂1-3份，水15-22份。
优选地，上述金属切削液按重量份包括以下组分：防锈剂40份，高分子聚醚润滑添加剂15份，改进型硫基极压剂5份，酰胺20份，沉降剂2份，水18份。
优选地，所述高分子聚醚润滑添加剂为反向EO/PO嵌段共聚物。
优选地，所述防锈剂为高性能硼酸酯。
优选地，所述高性能硼酸酯为三乙醇胺硼酸酯。
优选地，所述酰胺为脂肪酸二乙醇酰胺。
一种上述金属切削液的制备方法，按如下步骤进行：先将改进型硫基极压剂与酰胺混合后升温至80℃-96℃预热20-30分钟，然后加入防锈剂、高分子聚醚润滑添加剂、沉降剂和水混合均匀，最后过滤及得金属切削液成品。
本发明提供的一种金属切削液及制备方法，具有如下有益效果：
(1)润滑性、极压性能优异，金属屑沉降快、油水分离速度快；
(2)对各种金属防锈防腐性好；
(3)长期使用后金属切削液仍能保持清澈透明，不发臭、不霉变。延长切削液使用寿命数倍，减少废切削液的排放，降低污染，极好地保护环境并节约了成本。
(4)制备工艺快捷高效，节省了生产工序和成本。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案，下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
实施例1
向反应釜中加入改进型硫基极压剂2份与脂肪酸二乙醇酰胺25份，混合后升温至80℃预热20分钟，然后加入三乙醇胺硼酸酯35份、反向EO/PO嵌段共聚物20份、沉降剂1份和水22份混合均匀，最后过滤及得金属切削液成品。采用GB-T 3142-1982润滑剂承载能力测定法(四球法)测定金属切削液的最大无卡咬负荷值PB为82kg、烧结负荷值PD为124kg。金属切削液在使用过程中金属未有生锈现象，持续使用一年后金属切削液仍清澈透明、未发生霉变，仍可继续使用。
其中改进型硫基极压剂由沈阳广达化工有限公司购得(下同)；
反向EO/PO嵌段共聚物由巴斯夫股份公司购得(下同)；
上述“份”均为重量份(其他实施例相同)。
实施例2
向反应釜中加入改进型硫基极压剂8份与脂肪酸二乙醇酰胺15份，混合后升温至96℃预热30分钟，然后加入三乙醇胺硼酸酯45份、反向EO/PO嵌段共聚物10份、沉降剂3份和水15份混合均匀，最后过滤及得金属切削液成品。采用GB-T 3142-1982润滑剂承载能力测定法(四球法)测定金属切削液的最大无卡咬负荷值PB为83kg、烧结负荷值PD为122kg。金属切削液在使用过程中金属未有生锈现象，持续使用一年后金属切削液仍清澈透明、未发生霉变，仍可继续使用。
实施例3
向反应釜中加入改进型硫基极压剂5份与脂肪酸二乙醇酰胺20份，混合后升温至85℃预热25分钟，然后加入三乙醇胺硼酸酯40份、反向EO/PO嵌段共聚物15份、沉降剂2份和水18份混合均匀，最后过滤及得金属切削液成品。采用GB-T 3142-1982润滑剂承载能力测定法(四球法)测定金属切削液的最大无卡咬负荷值PB为88kg、烧结负荷值PD为126kg。金属切削液在使用过程中金属未有生锈现象，持续使用一年后金属切削液仍清澈透明、未发生霉变，仍可继续使用。
实施例4
向反应釜中加入改进型硫基极压剂3份与脂肪酸二乙醇酰胺22份，混合后升温至90℃预热25分钟，然后加入三乙醇胺硼酸酯38份、反向EO/PO嵌段共聚物17份、沉降剂2份和水20份混合均匀，最后过滤及得金属切削液成品。采用GB-T 3142-1982润滑剂承载能力测定法(四球法)测定金属切削液的最大无卡咬负荷值PB为87kg、烧结负荷值PD为122kg。金属切削液在使用过程中金属未有生锈现象，持续使用一年后金属切削液仍清澈透明、未 发生霉变，仍可继续使用。
实施例5
向反应釜中加入改进型硫基极压剂6份与脂肪酸二乙醇酰胺18份，混合后升温至88℃预热30分钟，然后加入三乙醇胺硼酸酯42份、反向EO/PO嵌段共聚物12份、沉降剂1份和水21份混合均匀，最后过滤及得金属切削液成品。采用GB-T 3142-1982润滑剂承载能力测定法(四球法)测定金属切削液的最大无卡咬负荷值PB为86kg、烧结负荷值PD为123kg。金属切削液在使用过程中金属未有生锈现象，持续使用一年后金属切削液仍清澈透明、未发生霉变，仍可继续使用。
本发明提供金属切削液的最大无卡咬负荷值PB可达88kg、烧结负荷值PD可达126kg，说明金属切削液具有优异的润滑性和极压性。金属切削液不发生霉变，使用寿命在一年以上。
申请人经长期研究发现，将酰胺溶于水中后,会吸收水分子与交联聚合物的基团发生水合,解离出了大量的阳离子,使得阳离子做相对自由的运动,而解离出的聚合物离子则处于相对静止状态,上述两者间存在很强的静电斥力,可以使聚合物链的伸展并最终导致整个网状结构在空间上的扩张,水分子与网状结构中解离出离子水合,水合后构成了与自由水不相同的环境,环境内外存在很强的渗透压，从而改善了普通水的结构，并与其他组分一起相互协同使切削液获得了润滑性、极压性能优异，金属屑沉降快、油水分离速度快的良好效果。
以上对本发明所提供的一种金属切削液及其制备方法进行了详细介绍。本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的核心思想。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以对本发明进行若干改进和修饰。这些改进和修饰也应当落入本发明权利要求的保护范围内。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种金属切削液，其特征在于，按重量份包括以下组分：防锈剂35-45份，高分子聚醚润滑添加剂10-20份，改进型硫基极压剂2-8份，酰胺15-25份，沉降剂1-3份，水15-22份。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种金属切削液，其特征在于，按重量份包括以下组分：防锈剂40份，高分子聚醚润滑添加剂15份，改进型硫基极压剂5份，酰胺20份，沉降剂2份，水18份。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种金属切削液，其特征在于，所述高分子聚醚润滑添加剂为反向EO/PO嵌段共聚物。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种金属切削液，其特征在于，所述防锈剂为高性能硼酸酯。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种金属切削液，其特征在于，所述高性能硼酸酯为三乙醇胺硼酸酯。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种金属切削液，其特征在于，所述酰胺为脂肪酸二乙醇酰胺。
  7. 一种权利要求1所述金属切削液的制备方法，其特征在于，按如下步骤进行：先将改进型硫基极压剂与酰胺混合后升温至80℃-96℃预热20-30分钟，然后加入防锈剂、高分子聚醚润滑添加剂、沉降剂和水混合均匀，最后过滤及得金属切削液成品。
PCT/CN2014/090785 2014-03-26 2014-11-11 一种金属切削液及其制备方法 WO2015143878A1 (zh)

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