WO2015140468A1 - Boring and concreting equipment for producing a concrete pile in the ground, and corresponding method - Google Patents

Boring and concreting equipment for producing a concrete pile in the ground, and corresponding method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015140468A1
WO2015140468A1 PCT/FR2015/050659 FR2015050659W WO2015140468A1 WO 2015140468 A1 WO2015140468 A1 WO 2015140468A1 FR 2015050659 W FR2015050659 W FR 2015050659W WO 2015140468 A1 WO2015140468 A1 WO 2015140468A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
concrete
fluid
tool
tooling
injection port
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2015/050659
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Bruno DEMARCQ
Steve Ako
David EGGLESDEN
Original Assignee
Soletanche Freyssinet
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Soletanche Freyssinet filed Critical Soletanche Freyssinet
Priority to EP15715343.8A priority Critical patent/EP3119939B1/en
Priority to ES15715343T priority patent/ES2728132T3/en
Publication of WO2015140468A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015140468A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
    • E02D5/36—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making without use of mouldpipes or other moulds

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the production of concrete piles in the ground.
  • augers comprising a helical blade wound around a central core and provided with a cutting tool at their lower end.
  • the auger is first lowered into the ground and, once the perforation is complete, concrete is injected under pressure through the central core at the same time as the auger is raised.
  • a drilling and concreting tool for producing a concrete pile in the ground comprises a central core extending in an axial direction and surrounded by a helical blade, a cutting tool disposed at one end. tool, a concrete injection pipe provided with at least one concrete injection port and a treatment fluid injection circuit comprising at least one fluid injection port in the vicinity of the cutting tool.
  • the fluid injection circuit in order to limit the size of the tooling, communicates with the concrete injection conduit in order to be powered by said conduit.
  • the tool according to the invention allows a cleaning of the cutting tool throughout the perforation by injection of a pressure treatment fluid in the vicinity of the tool. Stuffing problems and untimely stops during the implementation are thus avoided.
  • cutting surface designates the ground surface marking the end of the perforation at a given moment.
  • the tool according to the invention makes it possible, thanks to the injection of treatment fluid, to clear the cuttings covering the cutting surface and to guide these cuttings upwards between the turns of the helical blade.
  • the cutting tool is thus brought into contact with uncut ground, improving the efficiency and thus the perforation speed.
  • the soil is lighter and generates less friction than the ground.
  • the torque of the tooling is therefore limited, improving the efficiency of the perforation.
  • a process fluid may be any fluid different from the concrete.
  • the treatment fluid may for example be air. It can also be a foam.
  • the fluid is injected in the vicinity of the cutting tool, for example when it is injected at a distance from the tool equivalent to less than 5% of the axial length of the drilling and concreting tool, said distance being measured in the axial direction of the tooling. Generally, this distance is less than the pitch of the helical blade.
  • the concrete injection port is also generally located near the lower end of the tool.
  • an axial direction is a direction parallel to the axis of the central core of the drilling and concreting tool.
  • a radial direction is a direction perpendicular to the axis of the central core and intersecting this axis.
  • a cutting direction of the tooling is also defined as the direction of rotation of the drilling and concreting tool during the drilling phase (when the tool is lowered into the ground).
  • the front and rear are defined with reference to this cutting direction, the front being directed in the cutting direction.
  • the helical blade extends over the entire axial length of the central core, forming a continuous auger. In this case, and as indicated in the introduction to the present application, all the cuttings are extracted once the auger is raised.
  • the injection of treatment fluid in the vicinity of the cutting tool makes it possible, at identical speed of rotation, to obtain a greater perforation speed than with the augers of the prior art.
  • the number of "screw" turns needed to reach a given depth is reduced. In the particular case of a continuous auger, this leads to a smaller amount of cuttings reassembled during the perforation, which is favorable to a greater compactness of the surrounding land, and therefore to a better bearing of the pile.
  • the injection of treatment fluid can allow a reduction of more than 30%, preferably 50%, of the total volume of cuttings excavated during drilling.
  • the helicoidal blade may extend over a limited axial portion of the central core, preferably from its lower end over an axial length representing less than 20% of the total axial length of the core.
  • This configuration is common in the realization of so-called recessed piles, wherein the soil is moved radially and compacted around the entire borehole.
  • the tool according to the invention is arranged to be able to pass from a first position in which the concrete injection orifice is at least partially closed and the fluid injection circuit is open at a second position. wherein the concrete injection port is open.
  • the concrete injection port generally has a larger section than that of the fluid injection port.
  • the concrete injection port has a minimum width at least two times greater than that of the fluid injection port.
  • the width of an orifice must be understood here as the distance separating two opposite faces of said orifice.
  • the minimum width is thus the smallest measurable width between two opposite faces of the orifice.
  • the width of the orifice corresponds to its diameter.
  • the width of the orifice corresponds to the distance between its two longest faces.
  • the concrete injection port has a minimum width greater than 60 mm, preferably greater than 80 mm, particularly allowing the passage of gravel contained in the concrete.
  • the fluid injection orifice advantageously has a minimum width of less than 30 mm, preferably less than 15 mm, allowing the injection of the treatment fluid at a sufficient pressure.
  • the treatment fluid injection circuit comprises at least one fluid supply orifice formed in the central core and opening in a radial direction of said core.
  • the fluid supply port is distinct from the concrete injection port.
  • the fluid supply port may open above or below the helical blade, preferably directly above or below the first turn of the blade.
  • the fluid supply port can open directly to the outside. It then constitutes a fluid injection orifice at which the flow of fluid is injected into the ground in a substantially radial direction.
  • the fluid injection circuit comprises a fluid deflection device disposed between the fluid supply port and the fluid injection port, the deflection device being configured such that at the level of the fluid injection port, the fluid flows in a direction substantially tangential to the central core while being oriented in the cutting direction. Thanks to these arrangements, the injection of fluid into the soil can be located optimally.
  • the cutting tool comprises, at the periphery of the central core, at least one cutting member comprising a series of cutting teeth distributed in a main direction of the cutting member extending substantially radially.
  • the deflection device is configured so that at the injection orifice, the fluid flow is distributed in the main direction of the cutting member, preferably distributed substantially regularly. over all its extent.
  • the deflection device thus makes it possible to distribute the flow of fluid over a maximum width of the cutting tool, optimizing the drilling efficiency, in particular in the case of tools of large diameter.
  • the deflection device is configured such that at the outlet of the injection orifice, the fluid flows so as to strike the cutting tool.
  • the deflection device comprises a housing provided with an inlet connected to the fluid supply orifice and a deflector wall, adapted to discharge the fluid coming from said inlet towards the cooling tool. chopped off.
  • the housing may for example be arranged at the rear of the cutting member. It can thus, in addition, fulfill a stiffener function of the body generally subjected to significant mechanical stresses.
  • the central core comprises a tubular rod carrying the helical blade and the concrete injection pipe is a dip tube comprising said at least one concrete injection port on its lower part, the dip tube being arranged to slide axially inside the tubular shaft between the first and second positions.
  • a dip tube of this type is already known from patent application FR 2 566 813 mentioned above.
  • the fluid supply orifice is advantageously formed in the tubular rod so as to communicate with the concrete injection port of said dip tube, in the first position of the tool (retracted state of the dip tube for example).
  • the fluid supply orifice may in particular be arranged facing the concrete injection port in said position.
  • the invention also relates to a drilling and concreting machine for producing a concrete pile in the ground, comprising drilling and concreting tools as defined above, means for supplying the concrete injection pipe with concrete, and means for supplying the fluid injection circuit with process fluid.
  • the concrete injection pipe is connected to means for storing and pumping concrete on the one hand, and to storage and pumping means for treatment fluid on the other hand, for can be fed alternately by one and the other, depending on the stage performed (drilling or concreting).
  • the drilling machine further comprises a frame provided with a longitudinal mast, the central core of the drilling and concreting tool extending parallel to the mast, and means for moving the drilling tool and concreting relative to the mast in translation in the longitudinal direction of the mast and in rotation about the axis of the central core.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing a concrete pile in the soil, into which a drilling and concreting tool is introduced into the ground comprising a central core surrounded by a helical blade and a cutting tool at one end. lowering said tooling, by turning it and injecting a pressurized treatment fluid in the vicinity of the cutting tool (50), whereby the soil is cut; during drilling, the treatment fluid and the concrete are injected through the same injection pipe of the drilling and concreting tool; and in a concreting step, the tooling is raised by injecting concrete into the ground by said tool, so as to form a concrete pile.
  • the tooling comprises a concrete injection pipe provided with at least one concrete injection port and a treatment fluid injection circuit comprising at least one fluid injection orifice at the near the cutting tool, at least part of the drilling step being performed with the tool in a first position in which the concrete injection port is at least partially closed and the injection circuit of fluid is opened and the concreting step is performed with the tooling in a second position in which the concrete injection port is open.
  • the injection of pressure treatment fluid into the soil can advantageously begin at the start of drilling. She may be continued throughout the drilling or, depending on the type of terrain encountered, be stopped before the end of drilling.
  • cuttings related to drilling are raised to the soil surface during drilling.
  • the cuttings are either reassembled during the ascent of the tooling, that is to say during concreting, or discharged radially out of the borehole and compacted.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a drilling machine according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 1 shows the lower end of the drilling and concreting tool of Figure 1, in front view
  • FIG. 3 is a view from below of the drilling and concreting tool of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4A is a sectional view along line IV-IV of Figure 3, wherein the dip tube is illustrated in the retracted position;
  • FIG. 4B is a partial sectional view along IV-IV of Figure 3, wherein the dip tube is illustrated in the deployed position;
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view, from below, of the drilling and concreting tool of FIG. 1;
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B respectively illustrate the drilling step and the concreting step, during the production of the concrete pile by means of the tool of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 7 is a detailed view of the upper end of the drilling and concreting tool of FIG. 1; - Figure 8 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the tool according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a drilling and concreting machine 10 according to the invention, which makes it possible to produce a concrete pile 100 in the ground S.
  • the drilling machine 10 comprises a frame 12 on which is mounted, generally in an articulated manner, a drillpole 14. On the frame 12 are usually mounted other equipment such as the control panel 16 of the drilling machine 10.
  • the drilling mast 14 serves as a guide rail for a drilling and concreting tool 18 according to the invention.
  • Means are provided, on the machine 10, for moving the tool 18 relative to the mast 16.
  • these means comprise a carriage 20 movable in the longitudinal direction of the mast 14, and a hydraulic rotation head 22 mounted on the carriage 20.
  • the hydraulic rotation head 22 is intended to be fixed to the drilling and concreting tool 18, and is adapted to rotate it to perform the perforation of the soil S.
  • the tooling 18 comprises a central core 24 extending in an axial direction X and surrounded by a helical blade 30, as well as a cutting tool 50 disposed at its lower end 18b and which allows the cutting of the ground during the operation. 'drilling step.
  • the central core 24 of the tooling 18 comprises a tubular shaft 26 preferably formed by a plurality of tubes such as 26i (see Figure 1) and extending in the longitudinal direction X.
  • the tubular rod 26 is fixed at its upper end to the hydraulic rotation head 22.
  • first helically shaped blade 30 extending here over its entire axial height, forming an auger continues.
  • it also comprises a second helical blade 32, shifted 180 degrees relative to the first continuous blade 30 and extending from the lower end of the rod 26 on a very short portion, equivalent to a turn.
  • a plunger tube 34 forming a concrete injection conduit extends longitudinally inside the tubular rod 26.
  • the inlet of the dip tube 34, projecting from the upper end of the tubular rod 26, is fixed to a support platform 36 mounted on the carriage 20.
  • the inlet of the tube is also connected, by a rotating connection 38, to a concrete supply line 40 connected to concrete storage and pumping means 42, in particular a concrete pump fed by a router.
  • the structure and operation of the plunger tube 34 are well known from FR 2 566 813.
  • the tube 34 is slidably mounted inside the tubular rod 26, between a first position or retracted position illustrated in particular in FIGS. 4A and 6A, and a second position or extended position as illustrated in FIGS. 4B and 6B.
  • the longitudinal translation of the plunger tube 34 with respect to the tubular rod 26 is for example carried out by means of a jack 44 mounted between the rotation head 22 and the support platform 36 of the plunger tube 34, as illustrated in FIG. 7.
  • the rod 26 and the dip tube 34 comprise complementary means for securing them in rotation.
  • the tube 34 On its lower part, the tube 34 is provided with lateral openings 46a, 46b forming concrete injection orifices.
  • lower part is meant here its lower half, usually an axial portion extending from its lower end on a length less than 5% of its total axial length.
  • the dip tube 34 In its retracted position, the dip tube 34 is contained inside the tubular rod 26. Its lateral openings 46a, 46b are closed by the tubular rod 26.
  • the tubular rod 26 is raised while the plunger tube 34 remains in position. in the ground.
  • the dip tube 34 is then in the deployed position: its lower portion, carrying the lateral openings 46a, 46b, is outside the tubular rod 26. Concrete introduced by the upper end of the drilling and concreting tool 18, can be injected into the ground S by these lateral openings 46a, 46b.
  • the cutting tool 50 comprises two substantially identical lateral cutting members 52a, 52b disposed on either side of the central core 24.
  • a first lateral cutter 52a is attached to the lower end of the first blade 30, and a second lateral cutter 52b is attached to the lower end of the second blade 32, the two cutters 52a, 52b are extending generally in the same radial direction of the tooling 18.
  • Each lateral cutting member 52a, 52b comprises a tooth support 54 extending from the periphery of the tubular stem in a substantially radial direction, said main direction Ba, Bb of the cutting member 52.
  • Each cutting member further comprises a series of cutting teeth 56 projecting from its support 54, distributed in said main direction and oriented substantially in the cutting direction and downwards.
  • the teeth 56 are arranged next to each other, in a row, and evenly distributed on the tooth support.
  • the cutting tool 50 further comprises a central cutting member 58 integral with the plunger tube 34, disposed below the lateral openings 46a, 46b of the latter, and which also comprises a plurality of teeth 60.
  • the drilling and concreting tooling 18 makes it possible to inject a pressurized treatment fluid into the soil S in the vicinity of the cutting tool 50.
  • the drilling machine 10 comprises a process fluid supply duct 64, itself connected to means for storing and pumping the treatment fluid. on the ground 66, and intended to feed the treatment fluid injection circuit 90.
  • the two diametrically opposite fluid supply ports 62a, 62b are positioned to face the concrete injection ports 46a, 46b of the dip tube 34 when the tube 34 is in its retracted position (Fig. 4A).
  • the treatment fluid injection circuit 90 thus communicates with the plunger tube 34, through which the fluid can be conveyed to the lower end of the tooling 18, where the openings are located. supply 62a, 62b.
  • the inlet of the plunger tube is thus connected, in addition to the concrete conduit 40, to the supply fluid supply line 64 mentioned above.
  • This insulation system may for example comprise a solenoid valve or a non-return valve, in particular integrated in the fluid supply line 64.
  • the fluid supply orifices 62a, 62b do not constitute fluid injection orifices.
  • the fluid at the outlet of each fluid supply port 62 is deflected to injection ports 76 by a fluid deflection device 70 described in more detail below.
  • Each fluid deflection device here comprises a distribution housing 72 provided with an inlet 73 connected by a connecting duct 74 to the supply orifice 62.
  • the housing 72 is disposed at the rear of a tooth support 54, forming a stiffener for this support 54. It is hollow, defining an interior chamber 78 delimited in part by the tooth support 54.
  • the housing 72 here comprises an inclined wall 71 72, forming a deflector for the fluid.
  • each tooth support 54 of the cutting tool 50 is further pierced with a plurality of through holes 76 of axes extending orthogonally to the main direction of the cutting member 52.
  • the inside of the distribution housing 72 associated with the tooth support 54 communicates with each hole 76 of the support 54, each hole thus forming an injection port for the treatment fluid.
  • tooling 18 is explained briefly below in connection with FIGS. 6A and 6B.
  • the drilling and concreting tool 18 is lowered into the ground S while rotating. It is so to speak “screwed" into the ground.
  • the cutting direction C of the tooling is defined as the direction of rotation of the tooling during drilling (see FIGS. 3 and 6A in particular).
  • the soil S is cut by the cutting tool 50.
  • the cuttings D fill the inter-turn space of the blade 30.
  • the treatment fluid is injected into the concrete injection pipe 34, and conveyed to the fluid supply ports 62.
  • the dip tube 34 is advantageously enclosed by a seal 80 carried by the tubular rod 26 and intended to seal with said rod 26.
  • the treatment fluid circulates through the duct 74, enters the distribution housing 72, where it is deflected by the ramp 71, and then escapes through the orifices.
  • the fluid flows in a direction substantially tangential to the central core 24 while being oriented in the cutting direction.
  • the injection ports 76 being distributed in the main direction of the cutting member, the fluid flow sweeps the entire extent of said member.
  • the cuttings covering the cutting surface are guided upwards between the turns of the helical blade 30.
  • the soil S becomes lighter and generates less friction with the tooling than the rough terrain.
  • the couple The rotation of the tooling 18 is therefore limited, improving the efficiency of the perforation.
  • a concrete pile 100 is finally obtained, after hardening of the concrete.
  • the fluid injection circuit can be fed independently of the concrete injection circuit, by a separate supply line.
  • the concrete injection pipe may be constituted by the tubular stem itself, or by a fixed duct extending inside said tubular stem.
  • the concrete injection port may open axially to the lower end of the central core and be, during the drilling operation , closed by means of a removable cap.
  • the deflection device may be omitted.
  • the fluid is injected directly into the soil as it leaves the central core.
  • the deflection device may also be in the form of a simple pipe (possibly divided into several pipes), connected to the fluid supply orifice and shaped and oriented to deflect the fluid in the most suitable direction, in particular towards the front of the cutting tool (in the cutting direction) or towards the cutting tool itself.
  • FIG. 8 A deflection device according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention is illustrated in FIG. 8. All elements identical or similar to those described above retain, in this figure, the same reference numerals, and are not described again.
  • the deflection device 70 always comprises a housing 72 disposed at the rear of a tooth support 74, connected to a fluid supply orifice 62.
  • a longitudinal opening 86 extending in the main direction of the cutting member 52 is formed in the housing 72, particularly in its inclined wall 71 forming a deflector for the fluid.
  • the fluid F from the housing 72 is thus injected at the rear of the cutting teeth 76 flowing in the cutting direction. Due to the elongate profile of the opening 86, the fluid flow furthermore scans the entire extent of the cutting member 52, and the cutting surface Se.

Abstract

The invention relates to boring and concreting equipment for producing a concrete pile (100) in the ground (S), said equipment comprising a central core (24) extending in an axial direction (X) and surrounded by a helicoidal blade (30), a cutting tool (50) arranged at a lower end of the equipment (24), a concrete-injecting conduit (34) provided with at least one concrete-injecting opening, and a circuit for injecting a treatment fluid comprising at least one opening for injecting the fluid in the vicinity of the cutting tool (50).

Description

OUTILLAGE DE FORAGE ET BETONNAGE POUR LA REALISATION D'UN PIEU EN BETON DANS LE SOL, ET PROCEDE CORRESPONDANT  TOOLING FOR DRILLING AND CONCRETE WORKING FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A CONCRETE PIEU IN SOIL, AND CORRESPONDING METHOD
Domaine technique Technical area
La présente invention concerne la réalisation de pieux en béton dans le sol.  The present invention relates to the production of concrete piles in the ground.
Arrière-plan de l'invention Background of the invention
Pour la réalisation de pieux en béton dans le sol, il est courant d'utiliser des tarières comprenant une lame hélicoïdale enroulée autour d'une âme centrale et munies d'un outil de coupe à leur extrémité inférieure.  For the production of concrete piles in the ground, it is common to use augers comprising a helical blade wound around a central core and provided with a cutting tool at their lower end.
La tarière est tout d'abord descendue dans le sol puis, une fois la perforation achevée, du béton est injecté sous pression à travers l'âme centrale en même temps que la tarière est remontée.  The auger is first lowered into the ground and, once the perforation is complete, concrete is injected under pressure through the central core at the same time as the auger is raised.
Un exemple de tarière continue est décrit dans la demande de brevet français FR 2 566 813.  An example of a continuous auger is described in French patent application FR 2 566 813.
Avec un tel outillage, tous les déblais ne sont pas extraits du sol au fur et à mesure de la perforation. Au moins une quantité de sol correspondant à l'encombrement de l'outillage remonte, de fait, durant la perforation, mais les espaces entre les spires de la lame hélicoïdale restent, elles, constamment remplies de déblais. Ces déblais ne sont extraits que lors de la remontée de la tarière, ce qui engendre un certain nombre de difficultés. Du fait du frottement entre les déblais et la lame hélicoïdale, le couple de rotation résistant de la tarière augmente avec la profondeur de sol perforé, diminuant progressivement l'efficacité de la perforation. En outre, notamment en cas de sol cohérent, l'outil de coupe situé à l'extrémité inférieure de la tarière reste entouré de déblais qui diminuent l'efficacité de la coupe du terrain.  With such tools, all the cuttings are not extracted from the ground as and when perforation. At least a quantity of soil corresponding to the size of the tool rises, in fact, during the perforation, but the spaces between the turns of the helical blade remain, they, constantly filled with cuttings. These excavations are extracted only during the recovery of the auger, which causes a number of difficulties. Due to friction between the cuttings and the helical blade, the auger's rotational torque increases with the depth of the perforated soil, gradually decreasing the perforation efficiency. In addition, especially in case of consistent soil, the cutting tool at the lower end of the auger remains surrounded by cuttings that reduce the effectiveness of cutting the land.
II existe donc un besoin de fournir un outillage et un procédé pour la réalisation d'un pieu en béton dans le sol, qui permettent de remédier aux problèmes de l'art antérieur énoncés ci-dessus.  There is therefore a need to provide a tool and a method for producing a concrete pile in the ground, which make it possible to overcome the problems of the prior art set forth above.
Objet et résumé de l'invention Object and summary of the invention
La présente invention vise à répondre à ce besoin. Selon l'invention, un outillage de forage et bétonnage pour la réalisation d'un pieu en béton dans le sol comprend une âme centrale s'étendant selon une direction axiale et entourée d'une lame hélicoïdale, un outil de coupe disposé à une extrémité inférieure de l'outillage, un conduit d'injection de béton muni d'au moins un orifice d'injection de béton et un circuit d'injection d'un fluide de traitement comprenant au moins un orifice d'injection de fluide au voisinage de l'outil de coupe. The present invention aims to meet this need. According to the invention, a drilling and concreting tool for producing a concrete pile in the ground comprises a central core extending in an axial direction and surrounded by a helical blade, a cutting tool disposed at one end. tool, a concrete injection pipe provided with at least one concrete injection port and a treatment fluid injection circuit comprising at least one fluid injection port in the vicinity of the cutting tool.
Selon l'invention, pour limiter l'encombrement de l'outillage, le circuit d'injection de fluide communique avec le conduit d'injection de béton pour pouvoir être alimenté par ledit conduit.  According to the invention, in order to limit the size of the tooling, the fluid injection circuit communicates with the concrete injection conduit in order to be powered by said conduit.
L'outillage selon l'invention permet un nettoyage de l'outil de coupe tout au long de la perforation par injection d'un fluide de traitement sous pression au voisinage de l'outil. Les problèmes de bourrage et les arrêts intempestifs lors de la mise en œuvre sont ainsi évités.  The tool according to the invention allows a cleaning of the cutting tool throughout the perforation by injection of a pressure treatment fluid in the vicinity of the tool. Stuffing problems and untimely stops during the implementation are thus avoided.
Dans le cadre de la présente invention, on désigne par surface de coupe la surface de terrain marquant la fin de la perforation à un instant donné.  In the context of the present invention, the term "cutting surface" designates the ground surface marking the end of the perforation at a given moment.
L'outillage selon l'invention permet, grâce à l'injection de fluide de traitement, de dégager les déblais recouvrant la surface de coupe et de guider ces déblais vers le haut, entre les spires de la lame hélicoïdale. L'outil de coupe est ainsi amené en contact avec du sol non coupé, améliorant l'efficacité et donc la vitesse de perforation.  The tool according to the invention makes it possible, thanks to the injection of treatment fluid, to clear the cuttings covering the cutting surface and to guide these cuttings upwards between the turns of the helical blade. The cutting tool is thus brought into contact with uncut ground, improving the efficiency and thus the perforation speed.
De plus, en se mélangeant avec le fluide de traitement, le sol s'allège et génère moins de frottement que le terrain brut. Le couple de rotation de l'outillage est donc limité, améliorant l'efficacité de la perforation.  In addition, by mixing with the treatment fluid, the soil is lighter and generates less friction than the ground. The torque of the tooling is therefore limited, improving the efficiency of the perforation.
Dans le présent exposé, un fluide de traitement peut être tout fluide différent du béton. Le fluide de traitement peut par exemple être de l'air. Il peut aussi être une mousse.  In the present disclosure, a process fluid may be any fluid different from the concrete. The treatment fluid may for example be air. It can also be a foam.
On dit que le fluide est injecté au voisinage de l'outil de coupe par exemple lorsqu'il est injecté à une distance de l'outil équivalent à moins de 5% de la longueur axiale de l'outillage de forage et bétonnage, ladite distance étant mesurée dans la direction axiale de l'outillage. Généralement, cette distance est inférieure au pas de la lame hélicoïdale.  It is said that the fluid is injected in the vicinity of the cutting tool, for example when it is injected at a distance from the tool equivalent to less than 5% of the axial length of the drilling and concreting tool, said distance being measured in the axial direction of the tooling. Generally, this distance is less than the pitch of the helical blade.
L'orifice d'injection de béton est, lui-aussi, généralement situé au voisinage de l'extrémité inférieure de l'outillage. Dans le présent exposé, sauf précision contraire, une direction axiale est une direction parallèle à l'axe de l'âme centrale de l'outillage de forage et bétonnage. En outre, une direction radiale est une direction perpendiculaire à l'axe de l'âme centrale et coupant cet axe. The concrete injection port is also generally located near the lower end of the tool. In the present description, unless otherwise specified, an axial direction is a direction parallel to the axis of the central core of the drilling and concreting tool. In addition, a radial direction is a direction perpendicular to the axis of the central core and intersecting this axis.
On définit également un sens de coupe de l'outillage comme le sens de rotation de l'outillage de forage et de bétonnage en phase de forage (lorsque l'outillage est descendu dans le sol). On définit, enfin, l'avant et l'arrière, en référence à ce sens de coupe, l'avant étant dirigé dans le sens de coupe.  A cutting direction of the tooling is also defined as the direction of rotation of the drilling and concreting tool during the drilling phase (when the tool is lowered into the ground). Finally, the front and rear are defined with reference to this cutting direction, the front being directed in the cutting direction.
Selon un exemple, la lame hélicoïdale s'étend sur toute la longueur axiale de l'âme centrale, formant une tarière continue. Dans ce cas, et comme indiqué dans l'introduction de la présente demande, tous les déblais sont extraits une fois la tarière remontée.  In one example, the helical blade extends over the entire axial length of the central core, forming a continuous auger. In this case, and as indicated in the introduction to the present application, all the cuttings are extracted once the auger is raised.
Comme indiqué précédemment, l'injection de fluide de traitement au voisinage de l'outil de coupe permet, à vitesse de rotation identique, d'obtenir une vitesse de perforation plus importante qu'avec les tarières de l'art antérieur. Le nombre de tours de « vis » nécessaires pour atteindre une profondeur donnée est réduit. Dans le cas particulier d'une tarière continue, cela conduit à une quantité moins importante de déblais remontés au cours de la perforation, ce qui est favorable à une plus grande compacité du terrain encaissant, et donc à une meilleure portance du pieu. L'injection de fluide de traitement peut permettre, dans ce cas, une diminution de plus de 30%, de préférence 50%, du volume total de déblais excavés au cours du forage.  As indicated above, the injection of treatment fluid in the vicinity of the cutting tool makes it possible, at identical speed of rotation, to obtain a greater perforation speed than with the augers of the prior art. The number of "screw" turns needed to reach a given depth is reduced. In the particular case of a continuous auger, this leads to a smaller amount of cuttings reassembled during the perforation, which is favorable to a greater compactness of the surrounding land, and therefore to a better bearing of the pile. In this case, the injection of treatment fluid can allow a reduction of more than 30%, preferably 50%, of the total volume of cuttings excavated during drilling.
Selon un autre exemple, au contraire, la lame hélicoïdale peut s'étendre sur une portion axiale limitée de l'âme centrale, de préférence depuis son extrémité inférieure sur une longueur axiale représentant moins de 20% de la longueur axiale totale de l'âme. Cette configuration est courante dans la réalisation de pieux dits refoulés, dans laquelle le sol est déplacé radialement et compacté sur tout le pourtour du trou de forage.  According to another example, on the contrary, the helicoidal blade may extend over a limited axial portion of the central core, preferably from its lower end over an axial length representing less than 20% of the total axial length of the core. . This configuration is common in the realization of so-called recessed piles, wherein the soil is moved radially and compacted around the entire borehole.
Selon un exemple, l'outillage selon l'invention est agencé pour pouvoir passer d'une première position dans laquelle l'orifice d'injection de béton est au moins partiellement obturé et le circuit d'injection de fluide est ouvert à une deuxième position dans laquelle l'orifice d'injection de béton est ouvert. L'orifice d'injection de béton présente généralement une section plus importante que celle de l'orifice d'injection de fluide. According to one example, the tool according to the invention is arranged to be able to pass from a first position in which the concrete injection orifice is at least partially closed and the fluid injection circuit is open at a second position. wherein the concrete injection port is open. The concrete injection port generally has a larger section than that of the fluid injection port.
De préférence, l'orifice d'injection de béton présente une largeur minimale au moins deux fois supérieure à celle de l'orifice d'injection de fluide.  Preferably, the concrete injection port has a minimum width at least two times greater than that of the fluid injection port.
La largeur d'un orifice doit s'entendre ici comme la distance séparant deux faces opposées dudit orifice. La largeur minimale est ainsi la plus petite largeur mesurable entre deux faces opposées de l'orifice. Dans le cas d'un orifice circulaire par exemple, la largeur de l'orifice correspond à son diamètre. Dans le cas d'un orifice de section rectangulaire, la largeur de l'orifice correspond à la distance entre ses deux faces les plus longues.  The width of an orifice must be understood here as the distance separating two opposite faces of said orifice. The minimum width is thus the smallest measurable width between two opposite faces of the orifice. In the case of a circular orifice for example, the width of the orifice corresponds to its diameter. In the case of an orifice of rectangular section, the width of the orifice corresponds to the distance between its two longest faces.
Par exemple, l'orifice d'injection de béton présente une largeur minimale supérieure à 60mm, de préférence supérieure à 80mm, permettant notamment le passage des gravillons contenus dans le béton.  For example, the concrete injection port has a minimum width greater than 60 mm, preferably greater than 80 mm, particularly allowing the passage of gravel contained in the concrete.
L'orifice d'injection de fluide présente avantageusement une largeur minimale inférieure à 30mm, de préférence inférieure àl5mm, permettant l'injection du fluide de traitement à une pression suffisante.  The fluid injection orifice advantageously has a minimum width of less than 30 mm, preferably less than 15 mm, allowing the injection of the treatment fluid at a sufficient pressure.
De préférence, le circuit d'injection de fluide de traitement comprend au moins un orifice d'amenée de fluide formé dans l'âme centrale et débouchant dans une direction radiale de ladite âme.  Preferably, the treatment fluid injection circuit comprises at least one fluid supply orifice formed in the central core and opening in a radial direction of said core.
Dans certains modes de réalisation, l'orifice d'amenée de fluide est distinct de l'orifice d'injection de béton.  In some embodiments, the fluid supply port is distinct from the concrete injection port.
L'orifice d'amenée de fluide peut déboucher au-dessus ou en- dessous de la lame hélicoïdale, avantageusement directement au-dessus ou en-dessous de la première spire de la lame.  The fluid supply port may open above or below the helical blade, preferably directly above or below the first turn of the blade.
L'orifice d'amenée de fluide peut déboucher directement à l'extérieur. Il constitue alors un orifice d'injection de fluide, au niveau duquel le flux de fluide est injecté dans le sol dans une direction sensiblement radiale.  The fluid supply port can open directly to the outside. It then constitutes a fluid injection orifice at which the flow of fluid is injected into the ground in a substantially radial direction.
De façon avantageuse cependant, le circuit d'injection de fluide comprend un dispositif de déviation de fluide disposé entre l'orifice d'amenée de fluide et l'orifice d'injection de fluide, le dispositif de déviation étant configuré de sorte qu'au niveau de l'orifice d'injection de fluide, le fluide s'écoule dans une direction sensiblement tangentielle à l'âme centrale en étant orienté dans le sens de coupe. Grâce à ces dispositions, l'injection de fluide dans le sol peut être localisée de manière optimale. Selon un exemple, l'outil de coupe comprend, à la périphérie de l'âme centrale, au moins un organe de coupe comportant une série de dents de coupe réparties dans une direction principale de l'organe de coupe s'étendant sensiblement radialement. Advantageously, however, the fluid injection circuit comprises a fluid deflection device disposed between the fluid supply port and the fluid injection port, the deflection device being configured such that at the level of the fluid injection port, the fluid flows in a direction substantially tangential to the central core while being oriented in the cutting direction. Thanks to these arrangements, the injection of fluid into the soil can be located optimally. In one example, the cutting tool comprises, at the periphery of the central core, at least one cutting member comprising a series of cutting teeth distributed in a main direction of the cutting member extending substantially radially.
Dans ce cas, de préférence, le dispositif de déviation est configuré de sorte qu'au niveau de l'orifice d'injection, l'écoulement de fluide est réparti dans la direction principale de l'organe de coupe, de préférence réparti sensiblement régulièrement sur toute son étendue. Le dispositif de déviation permet ainsi de répartir le flux de fluide sur une largeur maximale de l'outil de coupe, optimisant l'efficacité du forage, en particulier dans le cas d'outillages de grand diamètre.  In this case, preferably, the deflection device is configured so that at the injection orifice, the fluid flow is distributed in the main direction of the cutting member, preferably distributed substantially regularly. over all its extent. The deflection device thus makes it possible to distribute the flow of fluid over a maximum width of the cutting tool, optimizing the drilling efficiency, in particular in the case of tools of large diameter.
Encore plus préférentiellement, le dispositif de déviation est configuré de sorte qu'en sortie de l'orifice d'injection, le fluide s'écoule de façon à venir frapper l'outil de coupe.  Even more preferably, the deflection device is configured such that at the outlet of the injection orifice, the fluid flows so as to strike the cutting tool.
Selon un exemple, le dispositif de déviation comprend un boîtier muni d'une entrée reliée à l'orifice d'amenée de fluide et d'une paroi formant déflecteur, adaptée à refouler le fluide provenant de ladite entrée en direction de l'outil de coupe. Le boîtier peut par exemple être disposé à l'arrière de l'organe de coupe. Il peut ainsi, en plus, remplir une fonction de raidisseur de l'organe généralement soumis à d'importantes sollicitations mécaniques.  According to one example, the deflection device comprises a housing provided with an inlet connected to the fluid supply orifice and a deflector wall, adapted to discharge the fluid coming from said inlet towards the cooling tool. chopped off. The housing may for example be arranged at the rear of the cutting member. It can thus, in addition, fulfill a stiffener function of the body generally subjected to significant mechanical stresses.
Selon un exemple de réalisation, l'âme centrale comprend une tige tubulaire portant la lame hélicoïdale et le conduit d'injection de béton est un tube plongeur comportant ledit au moins un orifice d'injection de béton sur sa partie inférieure, le tube plongeur étant agencé pour pouvoir coulisser axialement à l'intérieur de la tige tubulaire entre la première et la deuxième position. Un tube plongeur de ce type est déjà connu de la demande de brevet FR 2 566 813 citée précédemment.  According to an exemplary embodiment, the central core comprises a tubular rod carrying the helical blade and the concrete injection pipe is a dip tube comprising said at least one concrete injection port on its lower part, the dip tube being arranged to slide axially inside the tubular shaft between the first and second positions. A dip tube of this type is already known from patent application FR 2 566 813 mentioned above.
Dans ce cas, l'orifice d'amenée de fluide est avantageusement formé dans la tige tubulaire de façon à communiquer avec l'orifice d'injection de béton dudit tube plongeur, dans la première position de l'outillage (état rétracté du tube plongeur par exemple). L'orifice d'amenée de fluide peut notamment être agencé en regard de l'orifice d'injection de béton, dans ladite position. L'invention concerne également une machine de forage et bétonnage pour réaliser un pieu en béton dans le sol, comportant un outillage de forage et bétonnage tel que défini précédemment, des moyens pour alimenter en béton le conduit d'injection de béton, et des moyens pour alimenter en fluide de traitement le circuit d'injection de fluide. In this case, the fluid supply orifice is advantageously formed in the tubular rod so as to communicate with the concrete injection port of said dip tube, in the first position of the tool (retracted state of the dip tube for example). The fluid supply orifice may in particular be arranged facing the concrete injection port in said position. The invention also relates to a drilling and concreting machine for producing a concrete pile in the ground, comprising drilling and concreting tools as defined above, means for supplying the concrete injection pipe with concrete, and means for supplying the fluid injection circuit with process fluid.
Selon une disposition préférée déjà évoquée, le conduit d'injection de béton est relié à des moyens de stockage et de pompage de béton d'une part, et à des moyens de stockage et de pompage de fluide de traitement d'autre part, pour pouvoir être alimenté alternativement par l'un et l'autre, selon l'étape réalisée (forage ou bétonnage).  According to a preferred arrangement already mentioned, the concrete injection pipe is connected to means for storing and pumping concrete on the one hand, and to storage and pumping means for treatment fluid on the other hand, for can be fed alternately by one and the other, depending on the stage performed (drilling or concreting).
Selon un exemple, la machine de forage comporte en outre un châssis muni d'un mât longitudinal, l'âme centrale de l'outillage de forage et bétonnage s'étendant parallèlement au mât, et des moyens pour déplacer l'outillage de forage et bétonnage par rapport au mât en translation selon la direction longitudinale du mât et en rotation autour de l'axe de l'âme centrale.  In one example, the drilling machine further comprises a frame provided with a longitudinal mast, the central core of the drilling and concreting tool extending parallel to the mast, and means for moving the drilling tool and concreting relative to the mast in translation in the longitudinal direction of the mast and in rotation about the axis of the central core.
L'invention concerne également un procédé de réalisation d'un pieu en béton dans le sol, dans lequel on introduit dans le sol un outillage de forage et bétonnage comprenant une âme centrale entourée d'une lame hélicoïdale et un outil de coupe à une extrémité inférieure dudit outillage, en le tournant et en injectant un fluide de traitement sous pression au voisinage de l'outil de coupe (50), ce par quoi le sol est découpé ; au cours du forage, le fluide de traitement et le béton sont injectés par un même conduit d'injection de l'outillage de forage et bétonnage ; et dans une étape de bétonnage, on remonte l'outillage en injectant du béton dans le sol par ledit outillage, de manière à former un pieu en béton.  The invention also relates to a method for producing a concrete pile in the soil, into which a drilling and concreting tool is introduced into the ground comprising a central core surrounded by a helical blade and a cutting tool at one end. lowering said tooling, by turning it and injecting a pressurized treatment fluid in the vicinity of the cutting tool (50), whereby the soil is cut; during drilling, the treatment fluid and the concrete are injected through the same injection pipe of the drilling and concreting tool; and in a concreting step, the tooling is raised by injecting concrete into the ground by said tool, so as to form a concrete pile.
Selon un exemple, l'outillage comprend un conduit d'injection de béton muni d'au moins un orifice d'injection de béton et un circuit d'injection d'un fluide de traitement comprenant au moins un orifice d'injection de fluide au voisinage de l'outil de coupe, au moins une partie de l'étape de forage étant réalisée avec l'outillage dans une première position dans laquelle l'orifice d'injection de béton est au moins partiellement obturé et le circuit d'injection de fluide est ouvert et l'étape de bétonnage est réalisée avec l'outillage dans une deuxième position dans laquelle l'orifice d'injection de béton est ouvert.  According to one example, the tooling comprises a concrete injection pipe provided with at least one concrete injection port and a treatment fluid injection circuit comprising at least one fluid injection orifice at the near the cutting tool, at least part of the drilling step being performed with the tool in a first position in which the concrete injection port is at least partially closed and the injection circuit of fluid is opened and the concreting step is performed with the tooling in a second position in which the concrete injection port is open.
L'injection de fluide de traitement sous pression dans le sol peut avantageusement débuter au démarrage du forage. Elle peut être poursuivie durant tout le forage ou, selon le type de terrain rencontré, être stoppée avant la fin du forage. The injection of pressure treatment fluid into the soil can advantageously begin at the start of drilling. She may be continued throughout the drilling or, depending on the type of terrain encountered, be stopped before the end of drilling.
Selon un exemple particulier de mise en œuvre, moins de 30%, de préférence moins de 15%, des déblais liés au forage sont remontés à la surface du sol lors du forage. Les déblais sont soit remontés lors de la remontée de l'outillage, c'est-à-dire pendant le bétonnage, soit refoulés radialement vers l'extérieur du trou de forage et compactés.  According to a particular example of implementation, less than 30%, preferably less than 15%, cuttings related to drilling are raised to the soil surface during drilling. The cuttings are either reassembled during the ascent of the tooling, that is to say during concreting, or discharged radially out of the borehole and compacted.
Plusieurs exemples de réalisation et de mise en uvre sont décrits dans le présent exposé. Toutefois, sauf précision contraire, les caractéristiques décrites en liaison avec un exemple de réalisation et de mise en œuvre quelconque peuvent être appliquées à un autre exemple de réalisation ou de mise en œuvre.  Several examples of implementation and implementation are described in this presentation. However, unless otherwise specified, the features described in connection with any exemplary embodiment and implementation may be applied to another embodiment or implementation.
Brève description des dessins Brief description of the drawings
L'invention sera bien comprise et ses avantages apparaîtront mieux, à la lecture de la description détaillée qui suit, de plusieurs exemples représentés à titre non limitatif. La description se réfère aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :  The invention will be better understood and its advantages will appear better, on reading the detailed description which follows, of several examples shown in a non-limiting manner. The description refers to the accompanying drawings in which:
- La figure 1 illustre une machine de forage selon un exemple de réalisation de la présente invention ;  - Figure 1 illustrates a drilling machine according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
- La figure 2 montre l'extrémité inférieure de l'outillage de forage et bétonnage de la figure 1, en vue de face ;  - Figure 2 shows the lower end of the drilling and concreting tool of Figure 1, in front view;
- La figure 3 est une vue de dessous de l'outillage de forage et bétonnage de la figure 1 ;  FIG. 3 is a view from below of the drilling and concreting tool of FIG. 1;
- La figure 4A est une vue en coupe selon IV-IV de la figure 3, sur laquelle le tube plongeur est illustré en position rétractée ; - Figure 4A is a sectional view along line IV-IV of Figure 3, wherein the dip tube is illustrated in the retracted position;
- La figure 4B est une vue en coupe partielle selon IV-IV de la figure 3, sur laquelle le tube plongeur est illustré en position déployée ; - Figure 4B is a partial sectional view along IV-IV of Figure 3, wherein the dip tube is illustrated in the deployed position;
- La figure 5 est une vue en perspective, de dessous, de l'outillage de forage et bétonnage de la figure 1 ;  FIG. 5 is a perspective view, from below, of the drilling and concreting tool of FIG. 1;
- Les figures 6A et 6B illustrent respectivement l'étape de forage et l'étape de bétonnage, lors de la réalisation du pieu en béton au moyen de l'outillage de la figure 1 ;  FIGS. 6A and 6B respectively illustrate the drilling step and the concreting step, during the production of the concrete pile by means of the tool of FIG. 1;
- La figure 7 est une vue de détail de l'extrémité supérieure de l'outillage de forage et bétonnage de la figure 1 ; - La figure 8 illustre une variante de réalisation de l'outillage selon l'invention. FIG. 7 is a detailed view of the upper end of the drilling and concreting tool of FIG. 1; - Figure 8 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the tool according to the invention.
Description détaillée d'exemples de réalisation Detailed description of exemplary embodiments
Sur la figure 1, on a représenté une machine de forage et bétonnage 10 selon l'invention, qui permet de réaliser dans le sol S un pieu 100 en béton.  FIG. 1 shows a drilling and concreting machine 10 according to the invention, which makes it possible to produce a concrete pile 100 in the ground S.
La machine de forage 10 comprend un châssis 12 sur lequel est monté, généralement de façon articulée, un mât de forage 14. Sur le châssis 12 sont habituellement montés d'autres équipements tels que le pupitre de commande 16 de la machine de forage 10.  The drilling machine 10 comprises a frame 12 on which is mounted, generally in an articulated manner, a drillpole 14. On the frame 12 are usually mounted other equipment such as the control panel 16 of the drilling machine 10.
De façon connue, le mât de forage 14 sert de glissière de guidage pour un outillage de forage et bétonnage 18 selon l'invention.  In known manner, the drilling mast 14 serves as a guide rail for a drilling and concreting tool 18 according to the invention.
Des moyens sont prévus, sur la machine 10, pour déplacer l'outillage 18 par rapport au mât 16. De manière connue, ces moyens comportent un chariot 20 mobile selon la direction longitudinale du mât 14, ainsi qu'une tête de rotation hydraulique 22 montée sur le chariot 20. La tête de rotation hydraulique 22 est destinée à venir se fixer à l'outillage de forage et bétonnage 18, et est adaptée à le mettre en rotation pour réaliser la perforation du sol S.  Means are provided, on the machine 10, for moving the tool 18 relative to the mast 16. In known manner, these means comprise a carriage 20 movable in the longitudinal direction of the mast 14, and a hydraulic rotation head 22 mounted on the carriage 20. The hydraulic rotation head 22 is intended to be fixed to the drilling and concreting tool 18, and is adapted to rotate it to perform the perforation of the soil S.
Pour la suite, on définit une extrémité inférieure 18b de l'outillage 18 dirigée vers le sol en position prêt à forer, et une extrémité supérieure 18a dudit outillage, dirigée vers le ciel dans la même position.  For the following, we define a lower end 18b of the tool 18 directed towards the ground in a position ready to drill, and an upper end 18a of said tool, directed towards the sky in the same position.
L'outillage 18 comprend une âme centrale 24 s'étendant selon une direction axiale X et entourée d'une lame hélicoïdale 30, ainsi qu'un outil de coupe 50 disposé à son extrémité inférieure 18b et qui permet le découpage du sol lors de l'étape de forage.  The tooling 18 comprises a central core 24 extending in an axial direction X and surrounded by a helical blade 30, as well as a cutting tool 50 disposed at its lower end 18b and which allows the cutting of the ground during the operation. 'drilling step.
Dans l'exemple particulier illustré, l'âme centrale 24 de l'outillage 18 comporte une tige tubulaire 26 formée de préférence par une pluralité de tubes tels que 26i (voir la figure 1) et s'étendant dans la direction longitudinale X.  In the particular example illustrated, the central core 24 of the tooling 18 comprises a tubular shaft 26 preferably formed by a plurality of tubes such as 26i (see Figure 1) and extending in the longitudinal direction X.
La tige tubulaire 26 est fixée par son extrémité supérieure à la tête de rotation hydraulique 22.  The tubular rod 26 is fixed at its upper end to the hydraulic rotation head 22.
Comme indiqué précédemment et comme illustré notamment sur les figures 1 et 2, elle porte, sur sa surface externe, une première lame de forme hélicoïdale 30 s'étendant ici sur toute sa hauteur axiale, formant une tarière continue. Dans l'exemple, elle comprend aussi une deuxième lame hélicoïdale 32, décalée de 180 degrés par rapport à la première lame continue 30 et s'étendant depuis l'extrémité inférieure de la tige 26 sur une portion très courte, équivalent à une spire. As indicated above and as illustrated in particular in Figures 1 and 2, it carries, on its outer surface, a first helically shaped blade 30 extending here over its entire axial height, forming an auger continues. In the example, it also comprises a second helical blade 32, shifted 180 degrees relative to the first continuous blade 30 and extending from the lower end of the rod 26 on a very short portion, equivalent to a turn.
Dans l'exemple, comme illustré sur les figures 1 et 4, un tube plongeur 34, formant conduit d'injection de béton, s'étend longitudinalement à l'intérieur de la tige tubulaire 26. Comme illustré sur les figures 1 et 7, l'entrée du tube plongeur 34, en saillie par rapport à l'extrémité supérieure de la tige tubulaire 26, est fixée à une plateforme support 36 montée sur le chariot 20.  In the example, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 4, a plunger tube 34 forming a concrete injection conduit extends longitudinally inside the tubular rod 26. As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 7, the inlet of the dip tube 34, projecting from the upper end of the tubular rod 26, is fixed to a support platform 36 mounted on the carriage 20.
L'entrée du tube est par ailleurs reliée, par un raccord tournant 38, à une conduite d'alimentation en béton 40 reliée à des moyens de stockage et de pompage de béton 42, notamment une pompe à béton alimentée par une toupie.  The inlet of the tube is also connected, by a rotating connection 38, to a concrete supply line 40 connected to concrete storage and pumping means 42, in particular a concrete pump fed by a router.
La structure et le fonctionnement du tube plongeur 34 sont bien connus du document FR 2 566 813.  The structure and operation of the plunger tube 34 are well known from FR 2 566 813.
De manière connue, le tube 34 est monté coulissant à l'intérieur de la tige tubulaire 26, entre une première position ou position rétractée illustrée notamment sur les figure 4A et 6A, et une deuxième position ou position déployée telle qu'illustrée sur les figures 4B et 6B.  In known manner, the tube 34 is slidably mounted inside the tubular rod 26, between a first position or retracted position illustrated in particular in FIGS. 4A and 6A, and a second position or extended position as illustrated in FIGS. 4B and 6B.
La translation longitudinale du tube plongeur 34 par rapport à la tige tubulaire 26 est par exemple réalisée au moyen d'un vérin 44 monté entre la tête de rotation 22 et la plateforme support 36 du tube plongeur 34, comme illustré sur la figure 7.  The longitudinal translation of the plunger tube 34 with respect to the tubular rod 26 is for example carried out by means of a jack 44 mounted between the rotation head 22 and the support platform 36 of the plunger tube 34, as illustrated in FIG. 7.
La tige 26 et le tube plongeur 34 comportent des moyens complémentaires permettant de les solidariser en rotation.  The rod 26 and the dip tube 34 comprise complementary means for securing them in rotation.
Sur sa partie inférieure, le tube 34 est muni d'ouvertures latérales 46a, 46b formant orifices d'injection de béton. Par partie inférieure on entend ici sa moitié inférieure, généralement une portion axiale s'étendant depuis son extrémité inférieure sur une longueur représentant moins de 5% de sa longueur axiale totale.  On its lower part, the tube 34 is provided with lateral openings 46a, 46b forming concrete injection orifices. By lower part is meant here its lower half, usually an axial portion extending from its lower end on a length less than 5% of its total axial length.
Dans sa position rétractée, le tube plongeur 34 est contenu à l'intérieur de la tige tubulaire 26. Ses ouvertures latérales 46a, 46b sont obturées par la tige tubulaire 26.  In its retracted position, the dip tube 34 is contained inside the tubular rod 26. Its lateral openings 46a, 46b are closed by the tubular rod 26.
Lors de la remontée de l'outillage 18 pour le bétonnage, la tige tubulaire 26 est remontée tandis que le tube plongeur 34 reste en position dans le sol. Le tube plongeur 34 est alors en position déployée : sa portion inférieure, portant les ouvertures latérales 46a, 46b, se trouve hors de la tige tubulaire 26. Du béton, introduit par l'extrémité supérieure de l'outillage de forage et bétonnage 18, peut être injecté dans le sol S par ces ouvertures latérales 46a, 46b. During the ascent of the tooling 18 for concreting, the tubular rod 26 is raised while the plunger tube 34 remains in position. in the ground. The dip tube 34 is then in the deployed position: its lower portion, carrying the lateral openings 46a, 46b, is outside the tubular rod 26. Concrete introduced by the upper end of the drilling and concreting tool 18, can be injected into the ground S by these lateral openings 46a, 46b.
Selon une configuration usuelle, et comme illustré sur les figures 2, 3 et 5, l'outil de coupe 50 comporte deux organes de coupe latéraux 52a, 52b, sensiblement identiques, disposés de part et d'autre de l'âme centrale 24. Un premier organe de coupe latéral 52a est fixé à l'extrémité inférieure de la première lame 30, et un deuxième organe de coupe latéral 52b est fixé à l'extrémité inférieure de la deuxième lame 32, les deux organes de coupe 52a, 52b s'étendant généralement selon une même direction radiale de l'outillage 18.  In a usual configuration, and as illustrated in FIGS. 2, 3 and 5, the cutting tool 50 comprises two substantially identical lateral cutting members 52a, 52b disposed on either side of the central core 24. A first lateral cutter 52a is attached to the lower end of the first blade 30, and a second lateral cutter 52b is attached to the lower end of the second blade 32, the two cutters 52a, 52b are extending generally in the same radial direction of the tooling 18.
Chaque organe de coupe latéral 52a, 52b comprend un support de dents 54 s'étendant depuis la périphérie de la tige tubulaire dans une direction sensiblement radiale dite direction principale Ba, Bb de l'organe de coupe 52. Chaque organe de coupe comporte en outre une série de dents de coupe 56 en saillie depuis son support 54, réparties dans ladite direction principale et orientées sensiblement dans le sens de coupe et vers le bas.  Each lateral cutting member 52a, 52b comprises a tooth support 54 extending from the periphery of the tubular stem in a substantially radial direction, said main direction Ba, Bb of the cutting member 52. Each cutting member further comprises a series of cutting teeth 56 projecting from its support 54, distributed in said main direction and oriented substantially in the cutting direction and downwards.
Dans l'exemple, les dents 56 sont disposées les unes à côté des autres, en rangée, et régulièrement réparties sur le support de dents.  In the example, the teeth 56 are arranged next to each other, in a row, and evenly distributed on the tooth support.
Dans l'exemple, l'outil de coupe 50 comprend, de plus, un organe de coupe central 58 solidaire du tube plongeur 34, disposé en-dessous des ouvertures latérales 46a, 46b de ce dernier, et qui comporte, lui aussi, une pluralité de dents 60.  In the example, the cutting tool 50 further comprises a central cutting member 58 integral with the plunger tube 34, disposed below the lateral openings 46a, 46b of the latter, and which also comprises a plurality of teeth 60.
Comme indiqué précédemment, l'outillage de forage et bétonnage 18 permet l'injection d'un fluide de traitement sous pression, dans le sol S, au voisinage de l'outil de coupe 50.  As indicated above, the drilling and concreting tooling 18 makes it possible to inject a pressurized treatment fluid into the soil S in the vicinity of the cutting tool 50.
II comporte, pour cela, un circuit d'injection de fluide de traitement It comprises, for this, a treatment fluid injection circuit
90 comprenant, entre autres, deux orifices d'amenée de fluide 62a, 62b, formés dans la tige tubulaire 26 et débouchant radialement, visibles sur les figures 4A et 4B. 90 comprising, inter alia, two fluid supply orifices 62a, 62b, formed in the tubular rod 26 and opening radially, visible in FIGS. 4A and 4B.
Comme illustré sur les figures 1 et 7, la machine de forage 10 comprend un conduit d'alimentation en fluide de traitement 64, relié lui- même à des moyens de stockage et de pompage de fluide de traitement au sol 66, et destinés à alimenter le circuit d'injection de fluide de traitement 90. As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 7, the drilling machine 10 comprises a process fluid supply duct 64, itself connected to means for storing and pumping the treatment fluid. on the ground 66, and intended to feed the treatment fluid injection circuit 90.
Les deux orifices d'amenée de fluide 62a, 62b, diamétralement opposés, sont positionnés de manière à faire face aux orifices d'injection de béton 46a, 46b du tube plongeur 34 lorsque le tube 34 est dans sa position rétractée (figure 4A).  The two diametrically opposite fluid supply ports 62a, 62b are positioned to face the concrete injection ports 46a, 46b of the dip tube 34 when the tube 34 is in its retracted position (Fig. 4A).
Dans l'exemple particulier représenté, le circuit d'injection de fluide de traitement 90 communique ainsi avec le tube plongeur 34, par lequel le fluide peut être acheminé jusqu'à l'extrémité inférieure de l'outillage 18, où se trouvent les orifices d'amenée 62a, 62b.  In the particular example shown, the treatment fluid injection circuit 90 thus communicates with the plunger tube 34, through which the fluid can be conveyed to the lower end of the tooling 18, where the openings are located. supply 62a, 62b.
L'entrée du tube plongeur est ainsi reliée, outre au conduit de béton 40, au conduit d'alimentation en fluide de traitement 64 mentionné précédemment.  The inlet of the plunger tube is thus connected, in addition to the concrete conduit 40, to the supply fluid supply line 64 mentioned above.
Comme illustré sur la figure 7, on peut avantageusement prévoir un système d'isolation 82 du circuit d'alimentation en fluide et du circuit d'alimentation en béton. Ce système d'isolation peut par exemple comprendre une électrovanne ou un clapet anti-retour, notamment intégré dans la conduite d'alimentation en fluide 64.  As illustrated in FIG. 7, it is advantageous to provide an isolation system 82 for the fluid supply circuit and the concrete supply circuit. This insulation system may for example comprise a solenoid valve or a non-return valve, in particular integrated in the fluid supply line 64.
Dans l'exemple, les orifices d'amenée de fluide 62a, 62b ne constituent pas des orifices d'injection de fluide. Le fluide en sortie de chaque orifice d'amenée de fluide 62 est dévié vers des orifices d'injection 76 par un dispositif de déviation de fluide 70 décrit plus en détail dans la suite.  In the example, the fluid supply orifices 62a, 62b do not constitute fluid injection orifices. The fluid at the outlet of each fluid supply port 62 is deflected to injection ports 76 by a fluid deflection device 70 described in more detail below.
Chaque dispositif de déviation de fluide comprend ici un boîtier de répartition 72 muni d'une entrée 73 reliée, par un conduit de liaison 74, à l'orifice d'amenée 62.  Each fluid deflection device here comprises a distribution housing 72 provided with an inlet 73 connected by a connecting duct 74 to the supply orifice 62.
Dans l'exemple, le boîtier 72 est disposé à l'arrière d'un support de dents 54, formant un raidisseur pour ce support 54. Il est creux, définissant une chambre intérieure 78 délimitée en partie par le support de dent 54.  In the example, the housing 72 is disposed at the rear of a tooth support 54, forming a stiffener for this support 54. It is hollow, defining an interior chamber 78 delimited in part by the tooth support 54.
Le boîtier 72 comprend ici une paroi inclinée 71 72, formant déflecteur pour le fluide.  The housing 72 here comprises an inclined wall 71 72, forming a deflector for the fluid.
Dans l'exemple particulier décrit, chaque support de dents 54 de l'outil de coupe 50 est en outre percé d'une pluralité de trous traversants 76 d'axes s'étendant orthogonalement à la direction principale de l'organe de coupe 52. Comme illustré sur la figure 5, l'intérieur du boîtier de répartition 72 associé au support de dents 54 communique avec chaque trou 76 du support 54, chaque trou formant ainsi un orifice d'injection pour le fluide de traitement. In the particular example described, each tooth support 54 of the cutting tool 50 is further pierced with a plurality of through holes 76 of axes extending orthogonally to the main direction of the cutting member 52. As illustrated in FIG. 5, the inside of the distribution housing 72 associated with the tooth support 54 communicates with each hole 76 of the support 54, each hole thus forming an injection port for the treatment fluid.
L'utilisation de l'outillage 18 est explicitée brièvement ci-dessous en liaison avec les figures 6A et 6B.  The use of tooling 18 is explained briefly below in connection with FIGS. 6A and 6B.
Dans une première étape dite de forage du sol, illustrée sur la figure 6A, l'outillage de forage et bétonnage 18 est descendu, dans le sol S, en tournant. Il est donc pour ainsi dire « vissé » dans le sol. On définit ici le sens de coupe C de l'outillage comme le sens de rotation de l'outillage lors du forage (voir figures 3 et 6A notamment).  In a first so-called ground drilling step, illustrated in FIG. 6A, the drilling and concreting tool 18 is lowered into the ground S while rotating. It is so to speak "screwed" into the ground. Here, the cutting direction C of the tooling is defined as the direction of rotation of the tooling during drilling (see FIGS. 3 and 6A in particular).
Durant la descente de l'outillage, le sol S est découpé par l'outil de coupe 50. A mesure que l'outillage 18 descend dans le sol S, les déblais D viennent remplir l'espace inter-spires de la lame 30.  During the descent of the tool, the soil S is cut by the cutting tool 50. As the tooling 18 descends into the soil S, the cuttings D fill the inter-turn space of the blade 30.
Dans l'exemple particulier représenté, le fluide de traitement est injecté dans le conduit d'injection de béton 34, et acheminé jusqu'aux orifices d'amenée de fluide 62.  In the particular example shown, the treatment fluid is injected into the concrete injection pipe 34, and conveyed to the fluid supply ports 62.
A noter que pour éviter que le fluide F ne remonte dans l'âme centrale 24 par l'interstice formé entre le tube plongeur 34 et la tige tubulaire 26, le tube plongeur 34 est avantageusement enserré par un joint 80 porté par la tige tubulaire 26 et destiné à assurer l'étanchéité avec ladite tige 26.  Note that to prevent the fluid F from rising in the central core 24 by the gap formed between the dip tube 34 and the tubular rod 26, the dip tube 34 is advantageously enclosed by a seal 80 carried by the tubular rod 26 and intended to seal with said rod 26.
En sortie de chaque orifice d'amenée de fluide, le fluide de traitement circule à travers le conduit 74, pénètre dans le boîtier de répartition 72, où il est dévié par la rampe 71, puis s'en échappe à travers les orifices d'injection 76 formés dans le support de dents.  At the outlet of each fluid supply orifice, the treatment fluid circulates through the duct 74, enters the distribution housing 72, where it is deflected by the ramp 71, and then escapes through the orifices. injection 76 formed in the tooth support.
En sortie du circuit d'injection, le fluide s'écoule dans une direction sensiblement tangentielle à l'âme centrale 24 en étant orienté dans le sens de coupe. De plus, les orifices d'injection 76 étant répartis dans la direction principale de l'organe de coupe, le flux de fluide vient balayer toute l'étendue dudit organe.  At the outlet of the injection circuit, the fluid flows in a direction substantially tangential to the central core 24 while being oriented in the cutting direction. In addition, the injection ports 76 being distributed in the main direction of the cutting member, the fluid flow sweeps the entire extent of said member.
Les déblais recouvrant la surface de coupe Se sont guidés vers le haut, entre les spires de la lame hélicoïdale 30.  The cuttings covering the cutting surface are guided upwards between the turns of the helical blade 30.
En se mélangeant avec le fluide de traitement, le sol S s'allège, et génère moins de frottements avec l'outillage que le terrain brut. Le couple de rotation de l'outillage 18 est donc limité, améliorant l'efficacité de la perforation. By mixing with the treatment fluid, the soil S becomes lighter and generates less friction with the tooling than the rough terrain. The couple The rotation of the tooling 18 is therefore limited, improving the efficiency of the perforation.
Ce gain d'efficacité de la perforation permet d'approcher la vitesse de vissage de la tarière (pénétration de la hauteur d'une spire par révolution), limitant le volume de déblais extraits lors de l'étape de forage. La décompression du sol entourant le pieu pouvant intervenir avant l'étape de bétonnage est donc limitée, ce qui est favorable à une meilleure portance du pieu.  This gain in perforation efficiency makes it possible to approach the screwing speed of the auger (penetration of the height of a turn per revolution), limiting the volume of cuttings extracted during the drilling step. Decompression of the soil surrounding the pile that may occur before the concreting step is limited, which is favorable to a better bearing pile.
Une fois la profondeur de forage souhaitée atteinte, l'alimentation en fluide de forage F est stoppée, le tube plongeur est amené dans sa position déployée, et du béton B est injecté, dans le trou de forage résultant du perçage, par le conduit d'injection de béton 34. Cette étape est illustrée sur la figure 6B.  Once the desired drilling depth is reached, the supply of drilling fluid F is stopped, the plunger tube is brought into its deployed position, and concrete B is injected into the borehole resulting from the drilling, through the conduit. Concrete injection 34. This step is illustrated in Figure 6B.
Un pieu en béton 100 est enfin obtenu, après durcissement du béton.  A concrete pile 100 is finally obtained, after hardening of the concrete.
L'exemple décrit précédemment n'est cependant pas limitatif. Ainsi, le circuit d'injection de fluide peut être alimenté indépendamment du circuit d'injection de béton, par une conduite d'amenée séparée.  The example described above is however not limiting. Thus, the fluid injection circuit can be fed independently of the concrete injection circuit, by a separate supply line.
De la même manière, le conduit d'injection de béton peut être constitué par la tige tubuiaire elle-même, ou par un conduit fixe s'étendant à l'intérieur de ladite tige tubuiaire.  In the same way, the concrete injection pipe may be constituted by the tubular stem itself, or by a fixed duct extending inside said tubular stem.
Dans le cas où le conduit d'injection de béton est constitué par la tige tubuiaire, notamment, l'orifice d'injection de béton peut déboucher axialement à l'extrémité inférieure de l'âme centrale et être, durant l'opération de forage, obturé au moyen d'un bouchon amovible.  In the case where the concrete injection pipe is constituted by the tubular stem, in particular, the concrete injection port may open axially to the lower end of the central core and be, during the drilling operation , closed by means of a removable cap.
Indépendamment de la configuration du conduit d'injection de béton, le dispositif de déviation peut être omis. Dans ce cas, le fluide est injecté directement dans le sol à sa sortie de l'âme centrale.  Regardless of the configuration of the concrete injection conduit, the deflection device may be omitted. In this case, the fluid is injected directly into the soil as it leaves the central core.
Le dispositif de déviation peut aussi se présenter sous la forme d'une simple conduite (éventuellement subdivisée en plusieurs conduites), reliée à l'orifice d'amenée de fluide et conformée et orientée pour dévier le fluide dans la direction la plus adaptée, notamment vers l'avant de l'outil de coupe (dans le sens de coupe) ou vers l'outil de coupe lui-même.  The deflection device may also be in the form of a simple pipe (possibly divided into several pipes), connected to the fluid supply orifice and shaped and oriented to deflect the fluid in the most suitable direction, in particular towards the front of the cutting tool (in the cutting direction) or towards the cutting tool itself.
Un dispositif de déviation selon un autre exemple de réalisation de l'invention est illustré sur la figure 8. Tous les éléments identiques ou similaires à ceux décrits précédemment conservent, sur cette figure, les mêmes références numériques, et ne sont pas décrits une nouvelle fois. A deflection device according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention is illustrated in FIG. 8. All elements identical or similar to those described above retain, in this figure, the same reference numerals, and are not described again.
Le dispositif de déviation 70 comprend toujours un boîtier 72 disposé à l'arrière d'un support de dents 74, relié à un orifice d'amenée de fluide 62.  The deflection device 70 always comprises a housing 72 disposed at the rear of a tooth support 74, connected to a fluid supply orifice 62.
Dans cet exemple, cependant, l'injection du fluide est réalisée à l'arrière des dents 76 et non pas à l'avant du support de dents 74. Le support de dents 74 est d'ailleurs dépourvu de trous.  In this example, however, fluid injection is performed behind the teeth 76 and not at the front of the tooth support 74. The tooth support 74 is also devoid of holes.
Comme illustré, une ouverture 86 longitudinale s'étendant dans la direction principale de l'organe de coupe 52, est formée dans le boîtier 72, en particulier dans sa paroi inclinée 71 formant déflecteur pour le fluide. Le fluide F issu du boîtier 72 est ainsi injecté à l'arrière des dents de coupe 76 en s'écoulant dans le sens de coupe. Du fait du profil allongé de l'ouverture 86, le flux de fluide balaye, en outre, toute l'étendue de l'organe de coupe 52, et la surface de coupe Se.  As illustrated, a longitudinal opening 86 extending in the main direction of the cutting member 52, is formed in the housing 72, particularly in its inclined wall 71 forming a deflector for the fluid. The fluid F from the housing 72 is thus injected at the rear of the cutting teeth 76 flowing in the cutting direction. Due to the elongate profile of the opening 86, the fluid flow furthermore scans the entire extent of the cutting member 52, and the cutting surface Se.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Outillage de forage et bétonnage (18) pour la réalisation d'un pieu en béton (100) dans le sol (S), l'outillage (18) comprenant une âme centrale (24) s'étendant selon une direction axiale (X) et entourée d'une lame hélicoïdale (30), un outil de coupe (50) disposé à une extrémité inférieure de l'outillage (24), et un conduit d'injection de béton muni d'au moins un orifice d'injection de béton (46a, 46b), et un circuit d'injection (90) d'un fluide de traitement comprenant au moins un orifice d'injection de fluide (76) au voisinage de l'outil de coupe (50), l'outillage étant caractérisé en ce que le circuit d'injection de fluide communique avec le conduit d'injection de béton (34) pour pouvoir être alimenté par ledit conduit. 1. Drilling and concreting tools (18) for producing a concrete pile (100) in the ground (S), the tool (18) comprising a central core (24) extending in an axial direction ( X) and surrounded by a helical blade (30), a cutting tool (50) disposed at a lower end of the tool (24), and a concrete injection conduit provided with at least one orifice of injection of concrete (46a, 46b), and an injection circuit (90) of a treatment fluid comprising at least one fluid injection port (76) in the vicinity of the cutting tool (50), tooling being characterized in that the fluid injection circuit communicates with the concrete injection conduit (34) to be powered by said conduit.
2. Outillage (18) selon la revendication 1, agencé pour pouvoir passer d'une première position dans laquelle l'orifice d'injection de béton (46a, 46b) est au moins partiellement obturé et le circuit d'injection de fluide (90) est ouvert à une deuxième position dans laquelle l'orifice d'injection de béton (46a, 46b) est ouvert. 2. Tooling (18) according to claim 1, arranged to be able to pass from a first position in which the concrete injection port (46a, 46b) is at least partially closed and the fluid injection circuit (90 ) is open at a second position in which the concrete injection port (46a, 46b) is open.
3. Outillage (18) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, dans lequel l'orifice d'injection de béton (46a, 46b) présente une largeur minimale au moins deux fois supérieure à celle de l'orifice d'injection de fluide (76). 3. Tooling (18) according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the concrete injection port (46a, 46b) has a minimum width at least two times greater than that of the injection port of fluid (76).
4. Outillage (18) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel l'orifice d'injection de béton (46a, 46b) présente une largeur minimale supérieure à 60mm, de préférence supérieure à 80mm. 4. Tooling (18) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the concrete injection port (46a, 46b) has a minimum width greater than 60mm, preferably greater than 80mm.
5. Outillage (18) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel l'orifice d'injection de fluide (76) présente une largeur minimale inférieure à 30mm, de préférence inférieure à 15mm. 5. Tooling (18) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the fluid injection port (76) has a minimum width of less than 30mm, preferably less than 15mm.
6. Outillage (18) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel l'âme centrale (24) comprend une tige tubulaire (26) portant la lame hélicoïdale (30) et le conduit d'injection de béton (34) est un tube plongeur comportant ledit au moins un orifice d'injection de béton sur sa partie inférieure, le tube plongeur étant agencé pour pouvoir coulisser axialement à l'intérieur de la tige tubulaire (26) entre une première position dans laquelle l'orifice d'injection de béton (46a,46b) est au moins partiellement obturé et le circuit d'injection de fluide (90) est ouvert, et une deuxième position dans laquelle l'orifice d'injection de béton (46a,46b) est ouvert. 6. Tooling (18) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the central core (24) comprises a tubular shaft (26) carrying the helical blade (30) and the concrete injection pipe (34). ) is a dip tube comprising said at least one concrete injection port on its lower part, the dip tube being arranged to be able to slide axially inside the tubular rod (26) between a first position in which the orifice of injecting concrete (46a, 46b) is at least partially closed and the fluid injection circuit (90) is open, and a second position in which the concrete injection port (46a, 46b) is open .
7. Outillage (18) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel le circuit d'injection de fluide de traitement comprend au moins un orifice d'amenée de fluide (62a, 62b) formé dans l'âme centrale (24) et débouchant dans une direction radiale de ladite âme. The tooling (18) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the process fluid injection circuit comprises at least one fluid supply port (62a, 62b) formed in the central core ( 24) and opening in a radial direction of said core.
8. Outillage (18) selon les revendications 6 et 7, dans lequel l'orifice d'amenée de fluide (62a, 62b) est formé dans la tige tubulaire (26) de façon à communiquer avec l'orifice d'injection de béton (46a, 46b) dudit tube plongeur (34), dans la première position de l'outillage. The tooling (18) according to claims 6 and 7, wherein the fluid supply port (62a, 62b) is formed in the tubular shaft (26) to communicate with the concrete injection port. (46a, 46b) of said dip tube (34) in the first position of the tool.
9. Outillage (18) selon la revendication 7 ou 8, dans lequel le circuit d'injection de fluide (90) comprend un dispositif de déviation de fluide (70) disposé entre l'orifice d'amenée de fluide (62a, 62b) et l'orifice d'injection de fluide, le dispositif de déviation (70) étant configuré de sorte qu'au niveau de l'orifice d'injection de fluide, le fluide s'écoule dans une direction sensiblement tangentielle à l'âme centrale (24) en étant orienté dans le sens de coupe (C). The tool (18) of claim 7 or 8, wherein the fluid injection circuit (90) comprises a fluid deflection device (70) disposed between the fluid supply port (62a, 62b). and the fluid injection port, the deflection device (70) being configured such that at the fluid injection port the fluid flows in a direction substantially tangential to the central core (24) being oriented in the cutting direction (C).
10. Outillage (18) selon la revendication 9, dans lequel l'outil de coupe (50) comprend, à la périphérie de l'âme centrale (24), au moins un organe de coupe (52) comportant une série de dents de coupe (56) réparties dans une direction principale (B) de l'organe de coupe (52) s'étendant sensiblement radialement, et le dispositif de déviation (70) est configuré de sorte qu'au niveau de l'orifice d'injection de fluide (76), l'écoulement de fluide est réparti dans la direction principale (B) de l'organe de coupe (52). The tooling (18) according to claim 9, wherein the cutting tool (50) comprises, at the periphery of the central core (24), at least one cutting member (52) having a series of teeth of cutting (56) distributed in a main direction (B) of the cutting member Radially extending, and the deflection device (70) is configured such that at the fluid injection port (76) the fluid flow is distributed in the main direction ( B) of the cutting member (52).
11. Outillage (18) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, dans lequel la lame hélicoïdale (30) s'étend sur toute la longueur axiale de l'âme centrale (24). 11. Tooling (18) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the helical blade (30) extends over the entire axial length of the central core (24).
12. Outillage (18) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, dans lequel la lame hélicoïdale (30) s'étend sur une portion axiale limitée de l'âme centrale (24). The tool (18) of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the helical blade (30) extends over a limited axial portion of the central core (24).
13. Machine de forage et bétonnage (10) pour réaliser un pieu en béton (100) dans le sol (S), ladite machine comportant : 13. Drilling and concreting machine (10) for producing a concrete pile (100) in the ground (S), said machine comprising:
- un outillage de forage et bétonnage (18) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12,  a drilling and concreting tool (18) according to any one of claims 1 to 12,
- des moyens (40, 42) pour alimenter en béton le conduit d'injection de béton (34), et  means (40, 42) for supplying the concrete injection pipe (34) with concrete, and
- des moyens (64, 66) pour alimenter en fluide de traitement le circuit d'injection de fluide (90).  means (64, 66) for supplying fluid to the fluid injection circuit (90).
14. Machine (10) selon la revendication 13, comprenant en outre un châssis (12) muni d'un mât longitudinal (14), l'âme centrale (24) de l'outillage de forage et bétonnage (18) s'étendant parallèlement au mât (14), et des moyens (20, 22) pour déplacer l'outillage de forage et bétonnage (18) par rapport au mât (14) en translation selon la direction longitudinale du mât (14) et en rotation autour de l'axe de l'âme centrale (24). Machine (10) according to claim 13, further comprising a frame (12) provided with a longitudinal mast (14), the central core (24) of the drilling and concreting tool (18) extending parallel to the mast (14), and means (20, 22) for moving the drilling and concreting tool (18) relative to the mast (14) in translation in the longitudinal direction of the mast (14) and in rotation around the axis of the central core (24).
15. Procédé de réalisation d'un pieu en béton (100) dans le sol (S), dans lequel : 15. A method of producing a concrete pile (100) in the ground (S), in which:
- on introduit dans le sol (S) un outillage de forage et bétonnage (18) comprenant une âme centrale (24) entourée d'une lame hélicoïdale (30) et un outil de coupe (50) à une extrémité inférieure dudit outillage (24), en le tournant et en injectant un fluide de traitement sous pression au voisinage de l'outil de coupe (50), ce par quoi le sol est découpé, et a drilling and concreting tool (18) is introduced into the ground (S) comprising a central core (24) surrounded by a helical blade (30) and a cutting tool (50) at a lower end of said tool (24). ), turning it and injecting a a pressure treatment fluid in the vicinity of the cutting tool (50), whereby the soil is cut, and
- dans une étape de bétonnage, on remonte l'outillage (18) en injectant du béton dans le sol (S) par ledit outillage, de manière à former un pieu en béton (100),  in a concreting step, the tooling (18) is raised by injecting concrete into the soil (S) by said tooling, so as to form a concrete pile (100),
le procédé étant caractérisé en ce que le fluide de traitement et le béton sont injectés par un même conduit d'injection (34) de l'outillage de forage et bétonnage (18).  the method being characterized in that the treatment fluid and the concrete are injected through the same injection pipe (34) of the drilling and concreting tool (18).
16. Procédé selon la revendication 15, dans lequel l'outillage (18) comprend un conduit d'injection de béton muni d'au moins un orifice d'injection de béton (46a, 46b) et un circuit d'injection (90) d'un fluide de traitement comprenant au moins un orifice d'injection de fluide (76) au voisinage de l'outil de coupe (50), au moins une partie de l'étape de forage étant réalisée avec l'outillage (18) dans une première position dans laquelle l'orifice d'injection de béton (46a, 46b) est au moins partiellement obturé et le circuit d'injection de fluide (90) est ouvert et l'étape de bétonnage est réalisée avec l'outillage (18) dans une deuxième position dans laquelle l'orifice d'injection de béton (46a, 46b) est ouvert. The method of claim 15, wherein the tooling (18) comprises a concrete injection conduit provided with at least one concrete injection port (46a, 46b) and an injection circuit (90). a treatment fluid comprising at least one fluid injection port (76) in the vicinity of the cutting tool (50), at least a portion of the drilling step being performed with the tool (18) in a first position in which the concrete injection port (46a, 46b) is at least partially closed and the fluid injection circuit (90) is opened and the concreting step is performed with the tool ( 18) in a second position in which the concrete injection port (46a, 46b) is open.
17. Procédé selon la revendication 15 ou 16, dans lequel le fluide de traitement est de l'air. 17. The method of claim 15 or 16, wherein the process fluid is air.
PCT/FR2015/050659 2014-03-21 2015-03-18 Boring and concreting equipment for producing a concrete pile in the ground, and corresponding method WO2015140468A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15715343.8A EP3119939B1 (en) 2014-03-21 2015-03-18 Boring and concreting equipment for producing a concrete pile in the ground, and corresponding method
ES15715343T ES2728132T3 (en) 2014-03-21 2015-03-18 Drilling and concreting tools for the realization of a concrete pile on the ground and corresponding procedure

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1452403 2014-03-21
FR1452403A FR3018834B1 (en) 2014-03-21 2014-03-21 TOOLING FOR DRILLING AND CONCRETE WORKING FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A CONCRETE PIEU IN SOIL, AND CORRESPONDING METHOD

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WO2015140468A1 true WO2015140468A1 (en) 2015-09-24

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ES (1) ES2728132T3 (en)
FR (1) FR3018834B1 (en)
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3051218A1 (en) * 2016-05-10 2017-11-17 Franki Fond TELESCOPABLE TOOL DRILLING DEVICE.
FR3101102A1 (en) * 2019-09-23 2021-03-26 Nge Fondations Drilling device comprising a telescopic pin plunger
EP4101987A1 (en) * 2021-06-08 2022-12-14 BAUER Spezialtiefbau GmbH Drilling tool and method for creating a hole in the soil

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2566813A1 (en) 1984-06-29 1986-01-03 Soletanche Device and method for producing concrete piles in the ground and piles obtained by this method
DE19503177C1 (en) * 1995-02-01 1996-07-18 Bauer Spezialtiefbau Method of mfr. of concrete posts submerged in ground
EP2631367A2 (en) * 2012-01-30 2013-08-28 Soletanche Freyssinet Drilling machine for manufacturing posts including a penetrometric probe

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IT1208123B (en) * 1983-04-19 1989-06-06 Fondedile Spa CONGLOMERATE COLUMN MADE IN THE GROUND IN SITU BY PLACING INERT MATERIALS DURING PERFORATION AND CONTEMPORARY OR SUBSEQUENT INJECTION WITH SUITABLE BINDERS, RELEVANT EXECUTION PROCEDURES

Patent Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2566813A1 (en) 1984-06-29 1986-01-03 Soletanche Device and method for producing concrete piles in the ground and piles obtained by this method
DE19503177C1 (en) * 1995-02-01 1996-07-18 Bauer Spezialtiefbau Method of mfr. of concrete posts submerged in ground
EP2631367A2 (en) * 2012-01-30 2013-08-28 Soletanche Freyssinet Drilling machine for manufacturing posts including a penetrometric probe

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3051218A1 (en) * 2016-05-10 2017-11-17 Franki Fond TELESCOPABLE TOOL DRILLING DEVICE.
FR3101102A1 (en) * 2019-09-23 2021-03-26 Nge Fondations Drilling device comprising a telescopic pin plunger
EP4101987A1 (en) * 2021-06-08 2022-12-14 BAUER Spezialtiefbau GmbH Drilling tool and method for creating a hole in the soil
WO2022258379A1 (en) * 2021-06-08 2022-12-15 Bauer Spezialtiefbau Gmbh Boring tool and method for producing a borehole in the ground

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3018834B1 (en) 2018-11-23
EP3119939A1 (en) 2017-01-25
EP3119939B1 (en) 2019-03-13
ES2728132T3 (en) 2019-10-22
HUE044288T2 (en) 2019-10-28
FR3018834A1 (en) 2015-09-25

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