WO2015135471A1 - 水上平台结构水底固定用空心筒墩及其安装施工方法 - Google Patents
水上平台结构水底固定用空心筒墩及其安装施工方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015135471A1 WO2015135471A1 PCT/CN2015/073980 CN2015073980W WO2015135471A1 WO 2015135471 A1 WO2015135471 A1 WO 2015135471A1 CN 2015073980 W CN2015073980 W CN 2015073980W WO 2015135471 A1 WO2015135471 A1 WO 2015135471A1
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- hollow tubular
- pier
- steel cylinder
- tubular pier
- water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
- E02B17/0008—Methods for grouting offshore structures; apparatus therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
- E02B17/02—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto
- E02B17/027—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto steel structures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
- E02D27/525—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water using elements penetrating the underwater ground
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
- E02B2017/0039—Methods for placing the offshore structure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
- E02B2017/0039—Methods for placing the offshore structure
- E02B2017/0043—Placing the offshore structure on a pre-installed foundation structure
Definitions
- the present invention generally relates to a water platform structure, in particular, a submarine fixed hollow tubular pier for offshore platforms such as a waterborne building, an offshore wind turbine seat, an offshore bridge, and the like, and a mounting and construction method thereof.
- the hollow tubular pier installed and constructed according to the present invention combines the advantages of both the large-diameter friction pile installation construction method and the caisson installation construction method of the buried seabed.
- the construction process of the present invention is similar to that of the bored pile construction, but the large-scale construction is adopted.
- the seabed has the advantage of the present invention, which greatly reduces the manufacturing cost of the water platform foundation in the construction of the thick soft soil layer on the seabed; furthermore, according to the invention, the cylinder pier acts as a pile foundation without an underwater cap.
- the hollow tubular pier can be prefabricated in sections on the land, and then spliced into a hollow hollow pier on the water, and these hollow tubular piers are divided into Segment volume and weight are reduced by dispersion, significantly reducing the transportation and hoisting costs of large reinforced concrete members; furthermore, according to the present invention, the hollow structure of the tubular pier provides buoyancy
- the space in the hollow tubular pier can be fully utilized, for example, storing rainwater for drinking by offshore platform workers, solving the problem of freshwater supply of the offshore platform, and adopting such a sea The platform is very helpful in developing marine resources.
- any ideas related to offshore platforms in this application can be extended to the water platform, and the terms "sea bottom" and "water bottom” mean the same.
- the base can be a floating base or a base fixed to the bottom of the water or the seabed.
- the floating base is not easy to anchor in the shallow water near the shore, and once the anchor chain breaks, the base will float without purpose, posing a danger to other marine users.
- a fixed base should be adopted for the near shore support base.
- the foundation foundation of the existing cross-sea bridge structure is generally divided into a gravity foundation and a pile foundation foundation, and the gravity foundation of the large structure is divided into a caisson type (back cover) foundation and a sinking type (non-back cover) foundation.
- the adoption of the caisson foundation requires that the bearing layer be close to the seabed surface.
- the construction process is mainly dredging, the lower sandstone layer is used as a leveling layer, and then the sinking cauldron sits on the sandstone layer.
- the sinking well can be regarded as a caisson without a back cover.
- the bearing capacity of the rock-socketed pile consists of two parts, namely the end bearing capacity and the pile side clamping force embedded in the rock section.
- the friction pile relies on the friction between the pile side and the sand as the bearing capacity.
- the application of the friction pile is used when the bearing layer is in a deep position.
- the rock-socketed pile is applied to the case where the bedrock is reachable. When the bedrock is unreachable, only friction piles can be used.
- the various foundations mentioned above are mostly derived from the development of the cross-sea bridge.
- the gravity load of the bridge foundation is much smaller than the gravity load of the offshore platform compared to a comparative offshore platform that requires an upper building.
- the foundation of the bridge is much larger than the foundation of the offshore platform due to lateral loads (such as wind, waves).
- lateral loads such as wind, waves.
- the foundation of the bridge is dominated by the bending moment, and the pile foundation is more effective.
- the offshore platform is dominated by gravity loads, and the gravity caisson or sinking foundation is more effective, but the pile foundation is not excluded.
- a pile-based foundation may be considered where the bedrock is not too close to the seabed and not too deep to the unreachable pile foundation.
- the structure and construction method of the present invention can be used where the bearing layer (not the bedrock) is not close to the seabed but not too deep.
- the invention adopts the tube pier of the water platform as a caisson on the bearing layer which is deeply buried in the seabed. It is both a friction pile and a caisson, which can bear the load together, and the hollow tube pier can provide buoyancy to offset part of the gravity.
- One of the objects of the present invention is to propose a water- or offshore platform structure for a water- or offshore platform structure for a soft soil, especially an offshore soft soil, and a water or offshore platform structure and a construction method thereof.
- the hollow tubular pier has a long length buried in the soft soil and its base section is larger than the general pile foundation section, the hollow tubular pier is both a friction pile and a caisson, which can bear the load together, and can be combined with the large-diameter friction pile installation construction method. Advantages of both the caisson installation method and the buried seabed.
- the hollow tube pier can also use buoyancy to offset part of the gravity load, and the inner space of the tube pier can also be used for storage purposes.
- the tube pier can adopt the method of segmental prefabrication on-site assembly, which significantly reduces the transportation and hoisting costs. In addition, no underwater operation is required, the risk of underwater construction is reduced, and the construction quality and construction safety of the pier are improved.
- a method for installing a water platform structure in particular, an underwater platform structure for fixing a bottom of a water hole, is proposed, the method comprising:
- step e) may be performed after the above step b) and before the step c) or the step e) may be performed after the step d).
- the hollow tubular pier segment combination to be connected can be arranged to float on the water, thereby reducing the requirements of the hoisting equipment, and the connected hollow tubular pier segments can be pressurized (for example, by watering)
- the loading method is pressurized and heavy, so that the connected hollow tube piers are partially sunk.
- a method for installing a water platform structure particularly an offshore platform structure for underwater bottom fixing hollow cylinder pier, is proposed, the method comprising:
- step e) may be performed after the above step b) and before the step c) or the step e) may be performed after the step d).
- the steel cylinder itself has the functions of being used as a temporary cofferdam and fixing the hollow tubular pier, the construction procedure is simple and easy to control, and the construction efficiency and the safety of personnel are improved.
- the hollow tubular pier according to the present invention can be regarded as a large diameter steel cylinder friction pile.
- the hollow tube pier has a large bottom area, which can be regarded as a caisson.
- the caisson sits on a deep layer of a bearing layer with a higher bearing capacity.
- the friction pile can be shared by the underwater concrete combined with the steel cylinder to bear the gravity load. It is more efficient than a separate caisson or a separate pile foundation, and the hollow cylinder itself has a large internal space for storing water and storage.
- the hollow tube pier is prefabricated on site for assembly to adapt to different construction environments. It is also important that the invention does not require To work underwater.
- step e) in the case where step e) is carried out after step d), the steel cylinder can be cut off from the bottom of the water after the completion of the construction of the hollow tubular pier and after the concrete is poured and solidified underwater. In this way, the hollow tube pier can be protected from the impact of the waves during the lifting process.
- the closed bottom end of the first hollow tubular pier section or the integral hollow tubular pier is tapered, thereby improving the fluidity of the concrete when the underwater concrete is poured.
- an appropriate amount of sand and gravel layer is backfilled to the bottom of the steel cylinder to fill a large gap which may occur at the bottom of the steel cylinder to prevent underwater concrete from being poured. A lot of loss.
- a yin and yang shear key structure formed by butt casting and a reserved pipe for prestressing steel bars, especially coarse steel bars, and a prestressed anchor are provided between the mating end faces of the hollow tubular pier sections.
- the reserved space is prestressed by the constructor at the site when splicing the hollow tubular pier sections, and the hollow tubular piers are connected in sections.
- the male and female positioning blocks generated by the butt casting are pre-set between the mating end faces of the hollow tubular pier sections to ensure concentric alignment between the hollow tubular pier sections.
- the mating end faces of the hollow tubular pier sections are in the form of a male-female mating surface formed by butt casting, further ensuring the sealing property inside and outside the hollow tubular pier.
- the axial length of the first hollow tubular section is longer than the other superposed hollow tubular sections.
- the first hollow tubular pier section can provide sufficient buoyancy in the water to balance the weight change of the initial section of the spliced hollow tubular pier.
- the length of each of the superposed hollow tubular pier sections is set such that the buoyancy reached after each of the superposed hollow tubular pier segments are stacked in position is greater than each of the superposed hollow tubular pier segments. The total weight.
- a water platform structure in particular an offshore platform structure installation construction method, the water platform structure or offshore platform structure comprising a support structure composed of one or more hollow tubular piers and a beam
- the platform portion of the plate system comprising:
- the reinforcing bars for lap joints are pre-buried at the top of the last hoisted superposed hollow tubular pier section or the integral hollow tubular pier.
- a bracket is provided on an outer surface of the steel cylinder, and a height-adjustable bracket tool is detachably mounted between the bracket and the platform portion for unfixing to the platform portion The platform portion is leveled when the hollow tube pier is closed.
- a conduit is pre-embedded in the bottom end of the hollow tubular pier or its section and the wall of the cylinder for pumping the underwater concrete out of the wall of the cylinder.
- the inner wall surface of the steel cylinder is welded with uniformly distributed steel ribs, in particular long triangular toothed steel ribs.
- the acute angle of the long triangle is downward to enhance the adhesion between the cast-in-place underwater concrete and the steel cylinder.
- the steel ribs are arranged so as not to interfere with the smooth sling of the hollow tubular pier or its segments within the steel cylinder.
- a water platform structure in particular a hollow platform pier for underwater platform structure, comprising:
- Underwater concrete is poured between the inner surface of the steel cylinder and the hollow tubular body.
- the hollow tubular body comprises a plurality of prefabricated hollow tubular pier sections, and the hollow tubular pier sections are consolidated by tension pre-stressing using a shear key structure.
- the closed bottom end of the hollow tubular body is tapered.
- the steel cylinder is used as a temporary cofferdam during construction, and is used as a part of the hollow cylinder pier friction pile in the working stage.
- the hollow tubular pier is both a pile foundation and a platform structure pier, and the pile cap platform is a platform structure.
- This compact structure eliminates many repetitive intermediate transition structures and is highly efficient.
- the buried hollow tubular pier has a relatively large volume. It can be used for storing rainwater and supplied to the personnel on the platform, which can solve most of the water supply problems. If it is not used for water storage, it can be used to store other supplies. It also eliminates the need for underwater operations, reduces the risk of underwater construction, and improves the construction quality and construction safety of the pier.
- Figure 2 is a schematic illustration of the use of a pontoon to float the platform above the steel cylinder;
- Figure 3 shows schematically the first section of the prefabricated hollow tubular pier into the steel cylinder
- Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of the lifting of the remaining hollow tubular section
- Figure 5 is a view schematically showing the state of the hollow tubular pier after each lifting and seating;
- Figure 6 shows schematically the cast concrete between the hollow tube pier section and the steel cylinder
- Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of the water platform after the construction of the floating box is removed;
- Figure 8 shows schematically how the steel cylinder is placed by the construction vessel
- Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the sand and gravel soil in the steel cylinder after the construction vessel is excavated and ripped to the seabed;
- Figure 10 is a schematic view of the steel cylinder after the cutting of the steel cylinder section above the seabed;
- Figure 11 is a schematic illustration of the construction of an integrally prefabricated hollow tubular pier in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 12 shows schematically the concrete infusion according to the gap between the hollow tubular pier and the steel cylinder of Figure 11 .
- the hollow platform pier for underwater platform fixing of the water platform structure according to the present invention, the structure of the water platform using the hollow tube pier and the installation and construction method thereof, and the water platform mentioned herein will be explained schematically and without limitation.
- the structure may be a water building such as a lake or an offshore wind turbine or a sea bridge.
- the hollow tubular pier discussed in the present invention is a reinforced concrete prefabricated hollow tubular pier having a diameter of about 8 to 10 meters or more, and the technical solution of the present invention is particularly suitable for use in the bottom of a soft soil foundation.
- FIG. 1(a) first, the steel cylinder 101 is vibrated into the seabed 2 by means of a vibration device 105 known in the art at a construction sea area where a hollow tubular pier is required.
- FIG. 8 simply shows the construction vessel and how it is vibrated into the sea floor 2 by the vibration device 105.
- each of the steel cylinders 101 may be integrally formed or welded by a plurality of steel cylinder segments.
- the inner wall surface of the steel cylinder is welded with steel ribs evenly distributed on the inner surface and extending outward from the inner surface.
- the steel ribs are long triangular toothed steel ribs 104 (see enlarged detail in Fig. 1), wherein the acute angle of the long triangular ribs is vertically downward, which can increase the attachment between the cast-in-place underwater concrete and the steel cylinder Focusing on it will not cause too much resistance when hitting the steel cylinder into the sea.
- the steel ribs protrude from the inner surface to a degree that does not affect the smooth movement of the hollow cylinder pier into the steel cylinder 101.
- the inner diameter of the steel cylinder 101 is made larger or slightly larger than the outer diameter of the hollow cylinder.
- the steel cylinder 101 is driven vertically into the seafloor 2 at a suitable depth, for example up to the appropriate bearing layer 5. In the process of vibration insertion, as shown in Fig. 8, the soil and sand in the steel cylinder 101 can be synchronously removed by the construction vessel as needed.
- FIG. 9 schematically shows sand, mud, and the like which are excavated inside the steel cylinder 101 along the insertion depth direction of the steel cylinder 101. According to the depth at which the steel cylinder 101 is pressed, it is possible to dig all the way to the vicinity of the holding layer 5. Further, according to FIG.
- an sandstone layer 102 may optionally be backfilled to fill a large gap which may occur in the bottom soil layer of the steel cylinder 101, so as to avoid the next water infusion. A large amount of concrete is lost when the concrete is lowered.
- FIG. 1(c) After the inside of the steel cylinder 101 has been cleaned, as shown in FIG. 1(c), the steel cylinder 101 is cut off near the position of the steel cylinder 101 near the sea floor 2, for example, as shown in FIG. 1(c), The steel cylinder section 109 is cut off.
- Figure 10 schematically illustrates a cut-off steel cylinder section 109 Rear steel cylinder 101.
- the pontoon 31 carries the platform 11 to float above the steel cylinder 101.
- the pontoon 31 can be any suitable pontoon or installation vessel that is well known in the art.
- the platform 11 is supported above the top surface of the pontoon 31 via a steel frame support structure 32. It should be clear that the platform 11 itself may alternatively be a mounting construction platform.
- a plurality of openings 61 are provided in the platform 11, two openings 61 in Fig. 2, and the inner diameter of the opening 61 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the hollow cylinder (segment) to be mounted.
- a retaining structure 62 is mounted around each opening 61 on the platform 11 to provide additional restraint such that the hollow tubular pier section floating on the water during assembly can only be in the opening Move up and down.
- the first hollow tubular section 1A is transported to the pontoon 31 via a suitable barge and hoisted in an opening 61 in the platform 11.
- a suitable barge and hoisted in an opening 61 in the platform 11 Through the steel cylinder 101 and the monitoring device mounted on the pontoon 31, it is ensured that both the opening of the pontoon 31 and the opening 61 of the mounting work platform 11 when the pontoon 31 is above the steel cylinder 101 are aligned with the opening of the steel cylinder 101.
- the hollow tubular pier section 1A is vertically hoisted to the opening of the steel cylinder 101 via a crane (not shown).
- the second hollow tubular pier section 2A is transported to the floating tank 31. And placed on the first hollow tubular pier section 1A through the retaining structure 62.
- the two mating end faces of the first hollow tubular pier section 1A and the second hollow tubular pier section 2A are the male and female mating faces which are well-known after the butt casting, which is well known to those skilled in the art, thereby ensuring the sealing property. That is, the end face of one hollow tubular pier section is concave, and the matching end face of the other hollow tubular pier section is exactly complementary convex surface, so that the inner and outer sealing isolation of the hollow tubular pier can be well achieved after the two contacts. It should be understood that any other suitable sealing fit structure as will occur to those skilled in the art can be applied to the ends of the two cooperating hollow tubular pier sections of the present invention.
- a plurality of shear key structures well known in the art such as yin and yang shear keys and prestressed thick steel bars, are uniformly distributed on the wall mating end faces of the first hollow tubular pier section 1A and the second hollow tubular pier section 2A.
- the reserved tunnels and the reserved space for installing the prestressed anchors are used to securely join the two hollow tubular pier sections together after prestressing by the constructor.
- the matching end faces of the two are respectively It is also possible to provide a yin and yang positioning block which is formed after the butt casting.
- the second hollow tubular pier section 2A is placed on the first hollow tubular pier section 1A, and is constructed by the constructor
- a waterproof layer such as a waterproof layer of epoxy resin, is applied between the two hollow tubular pier sections, and a pre-stress is applied between them to make the two firmly connected together.
- the other equally prefabricated hollow tubular pier sections 3A, 4A, 5A, 6A, 7A, 8A, ... nA are assembled vertically and downwardly in the same manner as described above and with the increase and decrease of the buoyancy of the hollow cylinder.
- a duct (not shown) is passed to the bottom of the steel cylinder 101 to inject the underwater concrete 107 (see Fig. 6), and the concrete pump can be used for pressurization.
- the concrete fills the gap between the hollow tubular pier sections 1A to 6A and the steel cylinder 101 from the bottom up. It should be clear that it is also possible to pre-bury the pipes in the sections of the individual piers and fill the space with pressurized concrete. After the concrete overflows the steel cylinder 101, the concrete is stopped. After the underwater concrete is solidified, the hollow tubular pier sections located in the steel cylinder 101 are integrated with the steel cylinder 101. Then, as shown in Fig.
- the supporting steel bar 112 and the jack 113 are mounted to level the horizontal position of the platform 11, and the starting horizontal position of the lap joint of the last hollow tubular pier section (8A in this embodiment) is processed. If the hollow tubular section 8A is higher than the bottom of the platform 11, the upper portion is knocked out. Then, the reinforcing steel sleeve pre-buried in the opening 61 of the platform 11 is attached to the lap joint, and the cast-in-place concrete is placed in the platform opening 61 to connect the hollow tubular pier to the platform 11. After the concrete is solidified and reaches a certain strength, the supporting steel rod 112, the jack 113, and the surrounding structure 62 and the like are disassembled to remove the floating box 31. So far, as shown in Fig. 7, the construction of the offshore platform according to the present invention is completed.
- a plurality of brackets 111 may be welded in advance at appropriate positions on the outer surface of the steel cylinder 101.
- the bracket 111 of the steel cylinder 101 is just slightly below the position of the sea floor 2.
- a plurality of support steel rods 112 can be supported on the platform 11.
- a height adjustable bracket tooling such as a jack 113, is provided for leveling the platform 11 during the above construction process.
- the first hollow tubular pier section 1A is made significantly longer than the other hollow tubular pier sections 2A to 8A by the requirement of buoyancy to reduce the tubular pier section hoisting equipment. In the technical solution of the present invention, this is calculated after the first hollow tubular pier segment 1A adopts the most
- the other allowable hollow tubular pier sections 2A to 8A have a maximum allowable length for a small allowable length, so that the hollow tubular pier sections have sufficient buoyancy support during installation without lifting from the top.
- the steel cylinder 101 may not be cut into only a small portion to protrude from the sea bottom 2 as shown in Fig. 2, and the portion of the steel cylinder 101 that protrudes from the sea floor 2 may not be intercepted immediately. In this way, good guidance is provided for the segmentation of the hollow tubular piers that are hoisted downwards, while avoiding the effect of sea waves on the segmentation of the hollow tubular pier during construction.
- the concrete is then poured as described above, and the steel cylinder 101 is further cut near the sea floor 2.
- a method for installing a water platform structure, in particular, a hollow tube pier for underwater bottom structure fixing comprising:
- step e) can be implemented after the above step b) and before the step c) Alternatively, the above step e) can be carried out after the above step d).
- the hollow tubular pier of the present invention is not only a large-diameter friction pile but also a caisson, and has a double bearing capacity, and can be designed to bear the load or individually bear the load, forming a double insurance, without the need of the temporary cofferdam and the bearing in the prior art.
- the construction steps of the platform reduce the working strength and manufacturing cost of the hollow tubular piers, especially the construction workers of the offshore platform. Furthermore, the internal space of the hollow tube pier is increased, which is conducive to accommodating more work and life essential materials in the future.
- the hollow tubular pier according to the present invention adopts a land-segment prefabrication and offshore on-site assembly operation, which significantly reduces the cost of transporting hollow tubular piers on land and at sea.
- underwater operation is not required, the risk of underwater construction is reduced, and the construction quality and construction safety of the pier are improved.
- the hollow tubular piers are realized in a manner that the individual hollow tubular pier segments are prefabricated in the field factory and assembled on site, in an alternative embodiment, it will be clear to those skilled in the art.
- the hollow tubular pier closed at one end can be integrally formed in the land factory in advance, and then after the steel cylinder 101 shown in Fig. 1(c) is constructed, as shown in Fig. 11, the hollow end of the hollow tubular pier 21 which is pre-formed in advance is closed.
- the portion is directly inserted downward into the steel cylinder 101, and the subsequent step of pouring the underwater concrete may be the same as the steps described above with reference to Figs. 6 and 7, for example.
- FIG. 12 shows that a plurality of ducts 22 are pre-embedded in the wall of the integrally prefabricated hollow tubular pier 21, the ducts being concentrated at the bottom of the tubular pier 21.
- the underwater concrete 107 is poured into the gap between the hollow cylinder pier 21 and the steel cylinder 101 by pressurization using a concrete pump. In this way, the time for connecting the pipeline to the site can be shortened, and the construction speed of the site can be accelerated.
- a water platform structure in particular, a hollow tube pier for fixing an underwater platform structure, the method comprising:
- step e) may be performed after the above step b) and before the step c) or the step e) may be performed after the step d).
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Abstract
Description
Claims (25)
- 一种水上平台结构、尤其海上平台结构水底固定用空心筒墩安装施工方法,所述方法包括:a)在预定水域处将内径大于空心筒墩的钢筒插振打到水底中至少达到持力层确保固定;b)挖去钢筒内部的水底沉积物直至钢筒底端;c)将底端封闭的第一空心筒墩分段从水面竖直向下朝向所述钢筒吊装,在此过程中,叠加的空心筒墩分段经由在所述空心筒墩分段上预设的剪力键结构经张拉预应力后与前一个空心筒墩分段固定相连,竖直向下先后依次朝向所述钢筒吊装,使得待所述第一空心筒墩分段的封闭底端到达所述钢筒的底端附近后,最后一个吊装的叠加的空心筒墩分段的至少一部分露出水面;d)向所述钢筒与所述空心筒墩之间的间隙灌注水下混凝土,直至从所述空心筒墩的底端开始填满所有间隙,所述混凝土固化后位于所述钢筒内的空心筒墩与其结为一体;以及e)在水底附近截断所述钢筒;其中,上述步骤e)在上述步骤b)之后且上述步骤c)之前实施或者上述步骤e)在上述步骤d)之后实施。
- 一种水上平台结构、尤其海上平台结构水底固定用空心筒墩安装施工方法,所述方法包括:a)在预定水域处将内径大于空心筒墩的钢筒插振打到水底中至少达到持力层确保固定;b)挖去钢筒内部的水底沉积物直至钢筒底端;c)将底端封闭的整体空心筒墩从水面竖直向下吊装到所述钢筒中,使得所述空心筒墩的封闭底端到达所述钢筒的底端附近且所述空心筒墩的至少一部分露出水面;d)向所述钢筒与所述空心筒墩之间的间隙灌注水下混凝土,直至 从所述空心筒墩的底端开始填满所有间隙,所述混凝土固化后位于所述钢筒内的空心筒墩与其结为一体;以及e)在水底附近截断所述钢筒;其中,上述步骤e)在上述步骤b)之后且上述步骤c)之前实施或者上述步骤e)在上述步骤d)之后实施。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第一空心筒墩分段或所述整体空心筒墩的封闭底端为锥形。
- 根据前述权利要求任一所述的方法,其特征在于,在步骤c)之前,向所述钢筒底部适量回填砂石层。
- 根据权利要求1或3或4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述各空心筒墩分段的配合端面之间预设有经对接浇筑生成的阴阳剪力键结构及供预应力钢筋通过的预留管道和供预应力锚具的预留空间。
- 根据权利要求1、3、4或5任一所述的方法,其特征在于,所述各空心筒墩分段的配合端面之间预设有经对接浇筑生成的阴阳定位块。
- 根据权利要求1、3、4、5或6任一所述的方法,其特征在于,所述各空心筒墩分段的配合端面为经对接浇筑生成的阴阳配合面的形式。
- 根据权利要求1、3、4、5、6或7任一所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第一空心筒墩分段的轴向长度比其它叠加的空心筒墩分段长。
- 根据权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于,各所述叠加的空心筒墩分段的长度设置成,在各所述叠加的空心筒墩分段依次叠放就位后达到的浮力大于各所述叠加的空心筒墩分段的总重量。
- 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,在步骤c)之前,向所述钢筒底部适量回填砂石层。
- 根据前述权利要求任一所述的方法,其特征在于,所述钢筒内表面焊有均匀布置的钢肋,所述钢肋尤其为长三角形齿状锐角向下的钢肋。
- 一种水上平台结构、尤其海上平台结构安装施工方法,所述水上平台结构或海上平台结构包括由一个或多个空心筒墩构成的支撑结构以及由梁板系组成的平台部分,所述方法包括:将在陆地预制好的平台部分经由浮箱运输到预定水域处;根据前述权利要求任一所述的方法施工建造空心筒墩,其中,在最后一个吊装的叠加的空心筒墩分段或整体的空心筒墩的至少一部分露出水面后,将所述平台部分与所述最后一个吊装的叠加的空心筒墩分段或所述整体的空心筒墩的露出水面的部分用混凝土浇筑为一体。
- 根据前述权利要求任一所述的方法,其特征在于,在最后一个吊装的叠加的空心筒墩分段或整体的空心筒墩的顶端预埋有供搭接用的钢筋。
- 根据权利要求12或13所述的方法,其特征在于,在所述钢筒的外表面上设有支架,高度可调的支架工装在所述支架与所述平台部分之间可拆卸地安装,用于在所述平台部分未固定到所述空心筒墩时调平所述平台部分。
- 根据前述权利要求任一所述的方法,其特征在于,在所述空心筒墩或其分段的底端封板与筒壁中预埋有管道,用于使得水下混凝土被加压泵送到筒壁以外。
- 根据权利要求12至15任一所述的方法,其特征在于,所述钢筒内表面焊有均匀布置的钢肋,所述钢肋尤其为长三角形齿状锐角向下的钢肋。
- 一种根据权利要求1至11任一所述的方法制成的水上平台结构、尤其海上平台结构水底固定用空心筒墩,其包括:插入水底直至持力层的钢筒;混凝土预制的底端封闭的空心筒墩本体,其以封闭底端向下的方式位于所述钢筒中且至少一部分露出水面;以及在所述钢筒的内表面与所述空心筒墩本体之间灌注水下混凝土。
- 根据权利要求17所述的空心筒墩,其特征在于,所述空心筒墩本体包括多个混凝土预制的空心筒墩分段,所述各空心筒墩分段之间利用剪力键结构固结。
- 根据权利要求17或18所述的空心筒墩,其特征在于,所述钢筒内表面焊有均匀布置的钢肋,所述钢肋尤其为长三角形齿状锐角向下的钢肋。
- 根据权利要求18所述的方法,其特征在于,在最后一个吊装的叠加的空心筒墩分段或整体的空心筒墩的顶端预埋有供搭接用的钢筋。
- 根据权利要求17至20任一所述的平台结构,其特征在于,在所述空心筒墩或其分段的底端封板与筒壁中预埋有管道,用于使得水下混凝土被加压泵送到筒壁以外。
- 一种根据权利要求12至16的方法安装施工而成的水上平台结构、尤其海上平台结构,所述平台结构包括:由一个或多个根据权利要求17至21任一所述的空心筒墩构成的 支撑结构;以及由梁板系组成的平台部分。
- 根据权利要求22所述的平台结构,其特征在于,在最后一个吊装的叠加的空心筒墩分段或整体的空心筒墩的顶端预埋有供搭接用的钢筋。
- 根据权利要求22或23所述的平台结构,其特征在于,在所述钢筒的外表面上设有支架,高度可调的支架工装在所述支架与所述平台部分之间可拆卸地安装,用于在所述平台部分未固定到所述空心筒墩时调平所述平台部分。
- 根据权利要求22至24任一所述的平台结构,其特征在于,在所述空心筒墩或其分段的底端封板与筒壁中预埋有管道,用于使得水下混凝土被加压泵送到筒壁以外。
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US15/264,049 US20160376762A1 (en) | 2014-03-14 | 2016-09-13 | Construction method for planting hollow columns in a seabed of a marine environment for supporting waterborne structures thereon |
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CN110004902A (zh) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-07-12 | 中国石油大学(北京) | 一种裙式可自弃抗刺穿自升式钻井平台桩靴和钻井平台 |
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CN109208480A (zh) * | 2018-09-10 | 2019-01-15 | 沙焕焕 | 水域打桩方法及水域打桩设备 |
FI128104B (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2019-09-30 | Admares Group Oy | Procedure for building a building on top of water |
CN109706901B (zh) * | 2019-01-24 | 2024-01-23 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | 基础底板中的大直径钢管的抗浮结构及其施工方法 |
CN112030922B (zh) * | 2019-04-23 | 2021-09-14 | 华北水利水电大学 | 一种可调节围堰大小的水下混凝土立柱施工辅助平台 |
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CN104912045A (zh) | 2015-09-16 |
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EP3118374A4 (en) | 2018-02-28 |
CN104912045B (zh) | 2019-09-10 |
HK1213304A1 (zh) | 2016-06-30 |
AU2015230478A1 (en) | 2016-10-27 |
US20160376762A1 (en) | 2016-12-29 |
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