WO2015133096A1 - Procédé de soudage par résistance par points - Google Patents

Procédé de soudage par résistance par points Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015133096A1
WO2015133096A1 PCT/JP2015/000994 JP2015000994W WO2015133096A1 WO 2015133096 A1 WO2015133096 A1 WO 2015133096A1 JP 2015000994 W JP2015000994 W JP 2015000994W WO 2015133096 A1 WO2015133096 A1 WO 2015133096A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plate
tip
electrode
aluminum plate
aluminum
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2015/000994
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
松田　広志
央海 澤西
池田　倫正
Original Assignee
Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 filed Critical Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社
Priority to JP2015529734A priority Critical patent/JP6037018B2/ja
Publication of WO2015133096A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015133096A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/16—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating taking account of the properties of the material to be welded
    • B23K11/20—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating taking account of the properties of the material to be welded of different metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/10—Spot welding; Stitch welding
    • B23K11/11—Spot welding
    • B23K11/115—Spot welding by means of two electrodes placed opposite one another on both sides of the welded parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/30—Features relating to electrodes
    • B23K11/3009—Pressure electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0205—Non-consumable electrodes; C-electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
    • B23K35/0261—Rods, electrodes, wires
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
    • B23K35/286—Al as the principal constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
    • B23K2103/20—Ferrous alloys and aluminium or alloys thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a resistance spot welding method, and more specifically, to a resistance spot welding method of a plate assembly in which a steel plate and an aluminum plate are overlapped.
  • the aluminum plate is a general term for a pure aluminum plate and an aluminum alloy plate.
  • the resistance spot welding method which is superior in cost and efficiency compared to other welding methods, is most often used for joining steel plates in a vehicle body, and the number of hit points per unit is 3000 to 6000 points. It extends to.
  • this method two or more stacked steel plates are sandwiched and pressed with a pair of electrodes from above and below, and a high-current welding current is passed between the upper and lower electrodes for a short time to join them by resistance heating.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses resistance spot welding in which welding is performed in an extremely short time and a high current is applied to disperse the melted part to the surroundings, thereby achieving normal contact between metal surfaces and joining by atomic diffusion. A method is described.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses that an iron / aluminum clad thin plate is inserted between a steel plate and an aluminum plate so that the same kind of materials face each other, thereby minimizing the amount of aluminum deposited on the electrode while maintaining high strength even at a low current.
  • a resistance spot welding method is described which provides a joint of
  • Patent Document 3 discloses that welding is performed by attaching one or more contact plates on both sides of a steel plate and an aluminum plate, so that the interface between the contact plate and the material to be bonded generates resistance heat, and the steel and aluminum are resistance diffusion bonded.
  • a resistance spot welding method capable of obtaining a high-strength joint is described.
  • Patent Document 4 it is described that the occurrence of scattering can be suppressed while obtaining a large nugget diameter by optimizing each amount of Mn and Si in the steel plate and the steel plate surface oxide film.
  • Patent Document 6 by making the tip curvature radius of the convex electrode used on the aluminum material side at the time of spot welding of the GA steel plate and the aluminum material 2 to 6 times larger than that on the steel plate side, There has been proposed a method of ensuring bonding strength by making it difficult to eliminate, facilitating formation of a molten pool on a bonded surface, and relatively easily removing molten galvanized plating from the bonded surface.
  • JP 2004-17148 A JP-A-7-136774 JP-A-9-155561 JP 2005-152958 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-342477 JP 2008-200747 A
  • Patent Documents 5 and 6 as the number of welding points increases, the wear of the electrode tip on the side in contact with the low melting point material or the aluminum material proceeds, but the tip wear of the low melting point material or the aluminum material side electrode at that time is remarkably increased. As it progresses, the welding itself becomes unstable. As a result, there is a problem that the electrode needs to be replaced very frequently.
  • the present invention advantageously solves the above-described problem.
  • a current that can be output by a welding transformer generally used in an automobile production line is provided.
  • a resistance spot welding method that can secure the joint characteristics of a steel plate and an aluminum plate in the range and the same production process as the joining of steel plates, and can ensure the stability of welding even at the time of electrode wear during continuous welding For the purpose.
  • the present inventors have studied the relationship between the electrode tip shape, the state of indentation (thickening) of the steel plate and aluminum plate after welding, and the joint strength. As a result, it is found that a sound weld can be obtained by appropriately selecting the electrode in contact with the steel plate and the electrode in contact with the aluminum plate and optimizing the amount of indentation (thickness reduction) of the weld after welding. did.
  • the present invention has been completed based on the above findings, and has been completed.
  • the gist of the present invention is as follows.
  • the relationship between the tip diameter DFe of the electrode in contact with the steel plate and the tip diameter DAl of the electrode in contact with the aluminum plate is DFe ⁇ DAl
  • the resistance spot welding is characterized in that the tip shape of the electrode in contact with the aluminum plate is either a flat shape, a convex shape having a tip curvature radius of 170 mm or more, or a concave shape having a tip curvature radius of 10 mm or more.
  • the tip shape of the electrode in contact with the aluminum plate is either a convex shape having a tip curvature radius of 170 mm or more and 1500 mm or less, or a concave shape having a tip curvature radius of 10 mm or more and 1000 mm or less.
  • a current range that can be output by a welding transformer generally used in an automobile production line and the same as the joining of steel plates By the production process, the joint characteristics between the steel plate and the aluminum plate can be secured, and the welding stability can be secured even when the electrode is worn during continuous welding.
  • the steel plate and the aluminum plate can be stably joined without causing an increase in cost due to the introduction of new equipment. Is possible.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a resistance spot welding method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a plate assembly 3 in which a steel plate 1 having a plate thickness tFe and an aluminum plate 2 having a plate thickness tAl are directly overlapped is pressed between a pair of electrodes (upper electrode 4 and lower electrode 5) and pressed between the upper and lower electrodes 4 and 5.
  • a current welding current is applied for a short time and joined by resistance heating to obtain a resistance spot welded joint between the steel plate 1 and the aluminum plate 2.
  • the above-mentioned problem is solved by limiting the tip diameter and tip shape of the electrode as described below.
  • the relationship between the tip diameter DFe of the electrode (upper electrode) 4 in contact with the steel plate 1 and the tip diameter DAl of the electrode (lower electrode) 5 in contact with the aluminum plate 2 satisfies the condition DFe ⁇ DAl.
  • the tip shape of the electrode 5 on the aluminum plate 2 side is a flat shape (tip radius of curvature R is infinite), or the tip radius of curvature R is 170 mm or more in the case of a convex shape, or in the case of a concave shape.
  • the above-mentioned effect can be obtained stably by setting the radius of curvature R of the tip to 10 mm or more.
  • the energization on the aluminum plate 2 side at the time of welding, particularly at the initial stage of energization is joined. It can be made into a ring shape in a considerably wider range than the part, the thickness reduction of the aluminum plate 2 can be stably suppressed, and it becomes easy to secure a stable welded part.
  • the above effect is achieved by making the tip shape of the electrode 5 on the aluminum plate 2 side either a convex shape with a tip curvature radius of 170 mm or more and 1500 mm or less, or a concave shape with a tip curvature radius of 10 mm or more and 1000 mm or less. , Even more. Thereby, stable welding is possible even in a state in which the straightness (the center axis of the electrode is orthogonal to the welding surface) is not necessarily obtained with high accuracy in an actual process such as an assembly line.
  • the tip shape of the electrode 5 on the aluminum plate 2 side is a convex shape with a tip radius of curvature exceeding 1500 mm
  • the surface straightness accuracy during welding welding surface and electrode
  • the tip of the electrode 5 may hit the surface of the aluminum plate 2 and the expected effect may not be obtained.
  • the tip shape of the electrode 5 is a convex shape having a tip curvature radius of 170 mm or more and 1500 mm or less
  • the tip of the electrode 5 has a relatively sharp shape.
  • the tip shape of the electrode 5 is a concave shape with a tip curvature radius of 10 mm or more and 1000 mm or less, even if the tip of the electrode 5 hits the surface of the aluminum plate 2, the molten aluminum remains inside the electrode 5 ( The welding is stabilized because it is pushed to the center axis side).
  • it is the range of 40 mm or more and 500 mm or less.
  • (a-1) and (a-2) are flat (the tip radius of curvature R is infinite) in FIG.
  • An example in which 1) and (b-2) are convex shapes, and an example in which (c-1) and (c-2) are concave shapes are shown (JIS C 9304).
  • (c-1) has a concave shape in which the periphery of the concave portion is flat.
  • the electrode shown in FIG. 2 is the tip diameter DFe of the electrode 4
  • the tip radius of curvature R shown in FIG. 2 is the tip radius of curvature RFe of the electrode 4.
  • the tip diameter D shown in FIG. 2 becomes the tip diameter DAl of the electrode 5, and is shown in FIG.
  • the tip radius of curvature R is the tip radius of curvature RAl of the electrode 5.
  • the relationship between the tip diameter DAl of the electrode 5 in contact with the aluminum plate 2 and the thickness tAl of the aluminum plate 2 is DAl ⁇ 3tAl, which is sufficient for the thickness of the aluminum plate 2.
  • the strength can be obtained stably.
  • a two-layer plate assembly (welded joint) of the steel plate 1 and the aluminum plate 2 has been described as an example, but one or more other steel plates or aluminum plates are arranged in any order between the two plates. It can also be applied to a plate assembly (welded joint) of three or more layers sandwiched between two.
  • the current value, energization time, and applied pressure during welding need not be constant, and there is no problem even if the current value and applied pressure are changed in two or more stages.
  • a control method may be used in which parameters such as resistance value and voltage value during welding are monitored, and the current value and energization time are changed according to the fluctuation.
  • the steel plate targeted by the joining method of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a steel plate such as soft steel to high-strength steel, or stainless steel or high alloy steel.
  • Zn, Al, Mg and its alloys are hot-plated, alloyed hot-plated, electroplated on the surface, and the surface is further chromated, or a resin film is formed. Is also included. The same applies to the aluminum plate and is not particularly limited.
  • test materials mild steel was used for the steel plate, and a 5000 series aluminum alloy plate was used for the aluminum plate. And it was set as the board assembly which piled up these directly.
  • the welding machine an inverter DC resistance spot welding machine was used. The welding pressure was 2.5 kN, and welding was performed while changing the electrode shape, welding current, and energization time.
  • the joint quality was judged by measuring the peel diameter (mm) by a peel test specified in JIS Z 3144. When peeling did not occur in a circular shape at the time of peeling, the equivalent circle diameter of the area remaining in the plug shape was determined as the peel diameter.
  • the thickness of the aluminum plate before welding is defined as the reference thickness t (mm), and the peel diameter is 4 ⁇ t or more and the thickness reduction rate is 0.8 or more.
  • Table 1 shows the results when the perpendicularity error is 0%
  • Table 2 shows the results when the perpendicularity error is 5%.
  • the evaluations were ⁇ to ⁇ in all cases.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Resistance Welding (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un procédé de soudage par résistance par points, lequel procédé, lors de la réalisation d'un soudage par résistance par points d'un ensemble de plaque résultant du chevauchement d'une plaque en acier et d'une plaque en aluminium, est apte à assurer les propriétés de liaison de la plaque en acier et de la plaque en aluminium à l'aide de la même étape de production que lors du soudage de plaques en acier entre elles, et peut assurer une stabilité de soudage même dans le cas d'une usure d'électrodes pendant un soudage en continu. Lors de la réalisation d'un soudage par résistance par points d'un ensemble de plaques dans lequel une pluralité de plaques en acier et de plaques en aluminium sont chevauchées, une plaque disposée du côté situé le plus à l'extérieur étant une plaque en acier, et l'autre étant une plaque en aluminium, la relation entre le diamètre de pointe (DFe) de l'électrode venant en contact avec les plaques en acier et le diamètre de pointe (DAl) de l'électrode venant en contact avec les plaques en aluminium satisfaisant à DFe < DAl, et la forme de pointe de l'électrode venant en contact avec la plaque en aluminium étant une forme plate, une forme convexe ayant un rayon de courbure de pointe d'au moins 170 mm, ou une forme concave ayant un rayon de courbure de pointe d'au moins 10 mm.
PCT/JP2015/000994 2014-03-05 2015-02-26 Procédé de soudage par résistance par points WO2015133096A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

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JP2015529734A JP6037018B2 (ja) 2014-03-05 2015-02-26 抵抗スポット溶接方法

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JP2014042445 2014-03-05
JP2014-042445 2014-03-05

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2017060995A (ja) * 2015-09-25 2017-03-30 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 抵抗スポット溶接継手、抵抗スポット溶接方法および抵抗スポット溶接継手の製造方法
KR101988761B1 (ko) * 2017-12-20 2019-06-12 주식회사 포스코 이종 강판의 저항 점 용접방법
WO2023196718A1 (fr) * 2022-04-04 2023-10-12 Kth Parts Industires, Inc. Électrodes profilées destinées à assembler des pièces à travailler présentant des surfaces incurvées

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006224148A (ja) * 2005-02-17 2006-08-31 Kobe Steel Ltd 異材の抵抗スポット溶接方法
JP2008200687A (ja) * 2007-02-16 2008-09-04 Kobe Steel Ltd 鋼材とアルミニウム材との異材接合方法
US20090050608A1 (en) * 2004-10-26 2009-02-26 Noboru Hayashi Method for joining iron member and aluminum member

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090050608A1 (en) * 2004-10-26 2009-02-26 Noboru Hayashi Method for joining iron member and aluminum member
JP2006224148A (ja) * 2005-02-17 2006-08-31 Kobe Steel Ltd 異材の抵抗スポット溶接方法
JP2008200687A (ja) * 2007-02-16 2008-09-04 Kobe Steel Ltd 鋼材とアルミニウム材との異材接合方法

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2017060995A (ja) * 2015-09-25 2017-03-30 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 抵抗スポット溶接継手、抵抗スポット溶接方法および抵抗スポット溶接継手の製造方法
KR101988761B1 (ko) * 2017-12-20 2019-06-12 주식회사 포스코 이종 강판의 저항 점 용접방법
WO2023196718A1 (fr) * 2022-04-04 2023-10-12 Kth Parts Industires, Inc. Électrodes profilées destinées à assembler des pièces à travailler présentant des surfaces incurvées

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JP6037018B2 (ja) 2016-11-30

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