WO2015127807A1 - 一种快速砌墙空心砖 - Google Patents

一种快速砌墙空心砖 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015127807A1
WO2015127807A1 PCT/CN2014/093163 CN2014093163W WO2015127807A1 WO 2015127807 A1 WO2015127807 A1 WO 2015127807A1 CN 2014093163 W CN2014093163 W CN 2014093163W WO 2015127807 A1 WO2015127807 A1 WO 2015127807A1
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Prior art keywords
hollow brick
plane
upper plane
wall
brick
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PCT/CN2014/093163
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴刚
Original Assignee
吴刚
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Priority claimed from CN201410065259.4A external-priority patent/CN103806589B/zh
Application filed by 吴刚 filed Critical 吴刚
Publication of WO2015127807A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015127807A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/18—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0206—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of rectangular shape

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hollow brick, and specifically designs a hollow brick which can realize rapid wall building and powder-free wall.
  • the traditional two-hole or porous hollow brick has a small upper and lower joint surface, and the upper and lower sides and the surrounding surfaces are all flat, without grooves, and the cement mortar is easily dropped on the masonry surface.
  • a protrusion of about 10 mm is provided on one side of the left and right sides of the brick for the convenience of squeezing the cement mortar.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a quick-walled hollow brick, which can greatly reduce the labor intensity of workers and improve work efficiency, and the obtained wall joints are small, and no powder wall is needed any more.
  • the utility model relates to a fast wall-walled hollow brick, which is provided with a joint surface on the upper plane of the hollow brick, and the hollow brick body extends into the through hole of the hollow brick to form a new jointing surface, and is arranged continuously on the inner side of the newly added joint surface of the upper plane
  • the protrusions are provided with continuous upward protrusions on the outer edge of the upper plane, and the protrusions on the newly added joint surface of the upper plane form a closed groove between the protrusions disposed on the outer side of the upper plane, and the lower plane of the hollow brick
  • the protrusions are matched with the grooves formed by the upper plane (in which the front and rear sides of the hollow brick are made convex, and the left and right reinforcing ribs can also be made convex).
  • the protrusions on the newly added joint surface of the upper plane are the same as the protrusion heights disposed on the outer side of the upper plane, or the protrusions on the newly added joint surface of the upper plane are slightly higher than the protrusions disposed on the outer side of the upper plane.
  • the groove depth of the upper layer is the sum of the lower plane protrusion and the width of the joint, and is generally ten to fifty millimeters.
  • the new brick can be painted without a powder wall, or even tiled and sold.
  • various patterns can be set, which not only beautiful, but also reduce the weight of the brick.
  • the invisible joints of the new bricks are generally between one and ten millimeters.
  • a vertically arranged quick guide groove is provided on the left and right sides of the hollow brick, and the quick guide groove is a rectangular or semi-circular or zigzag groove. Since the cement mortar fills the joints of ten millimeters wide on both sides for a long time, deep grooves (ie, quick guide grooves) are provided on both sides. When the two bricks are connected, the quick guide grooves will merge into one large hole.
  • the number of quick guide grooves is one to twenty, and various shapes such as a square circular zigzag shape can be used.
  • the quick diversion trough can quickly fill the 10 mm wide joints on the left and right sides with only a small amount of cement mortar added.
  • the lower plane of the hollow brick may also be provided with a joint surface, and the upper and lower joint surfaces are symmetrically arranged. Adding a joint surface on the lower plane is beneficial to enhancing the bond strength between the brick and the brick, and further improving the stability of the wall.
  • a plurality of through holes are provided in the lower plane of the hollow brick, and the through holes are excess mortar overflow holes for overflowing the bottom of the hollow brick.
  • the through holes are excess mortar overflow holes for overflowing the bottom of the hollow brick.
  • the upper plane of the hollow brick is a movable plane.
  • New bricks are generally made from the same mixture, either cement mortar or other materials.
  • the movable plane can be made of another material, and the length, width and height of the brick can be adjusted according to actual needs, or can be made into a porous structure.
  • the lower plane does not have to place all the bottoms of the inner reinforcing ribs into the upper grooves of the lower bricks, which is more convenient to manufacture.
  • Another solution for arranging the protrusions in the lower plane of the hollow brick is to make the ribs and the intermediate reinforcing ribs on the lower plane of the hollow brick into protrusions, and the reinforcing ribs of the lower plane are placed in the plane of the lower layer of the hollow brick. in.
  • the wall is fast, twice the speed of the traditional hollow brick wall
  • the bonding area is more than twice that of traditional hollow bricks.
  • the amount of cement mortar used per unit bonded area has not increased;
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional two-hole hollow brick
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view of a two-hole five-plane quick-connecting hollow brick according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a front view of a two-hole five-plane quick-connecting hollow brick according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a top plan view of the fast-laying hollow brick with the upper and lower planes completely closed in the second embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a bottom view of the fast-laying hollow brick with the upper and lower planes completely closed in the second embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 6 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the fast-laying hollow brick with the upper and lower planes completely closed in the second embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of two bricks
  • Figure 8 is a transverse cross-sectional view of three bricks
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • This embodiment describes a rapid wall-walled hollow brick, the structure of which is shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, and a jointing surface 4 is added on the upper plane of the hollow brick, and the hollow brick body extends into the through hole of the hollow brick to form a new building.
  • the joint 4 is provided with a continuous upward projection 5 on the inside of the newly added joint surface 4 of the upper plane 1, and a continuous upward projection 3 on the outer side of the upper plane 1 and a convex on the newly added joint surface 4 of the upper plane 1.
  • a closed groove is formed between the protrusion disposed on the outer side of the upper plane 1 , and the lower plane 2 of the hollow brick is provided with a protrusion matching the groove formed by the upper plane 1 (including the protrusions on the front and rear sides of the lower plane 8 Raised with the left and right sides of the lower plane 9).
  • the projections on the newly-added joint faces 4 of the upper plane 1 coincide with the heights of the projections disposed on the outer side of the upper plane 1.
  • a fast guide groove 6 is disposed on the left and right sides of the hollow brick.
  • the quick guide groove 6 is a rectangular groove. Since the cement mortar takes a long time to fill the joints of ten millimeters wide on both sides, a deep groove (ie, a quick guide groove) is provided on both sides, and the quick guide groove merges when the two bricks are connected. big hole.
  • the number of quick guide grooves is one to twenty, and various shapes such as a square circular zigzag shape can be used.
  • the quick diversion trough can quickly fill the 10 mm wide joints on the left and right sides with only a small amount of cement mortar added.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the hollow brick structure described in this embodiment is substantially the same as the embodiment, but the upper and lower planes of the hollow brick in this embodiment are a fully enclosed structure.
  • the lower plane 2 of the hollow brick is also provided with a joint surface, and the upper and lower joint surfaces are symmetrically arranged.
  • the structure of the hollow brick according to this embodiment is shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 5 and FIG.
  • a plurality of through holes are formed in the newly added joint surface 4 of the lower brick plane 2, and the through holes are excess mortar overflow holes 7 for overflowing the bottom of the hollow brick.
  • the groove of the upper plane 1 is built, if the mortar is placed less, the mortar cannot reach the lower plane 2 of the upper block, so that the upper and lower planes cannot be bonded or the bonding effect is not good. If the mortar is placed too much, the excess mortar will not flow out, so that the bricks and the left and right blocks can not be leveled, affecting the masonry of the rear bricks, and the width of the joints is inconsistent, affecting the appearance.
  • the solution is to uniformly set the overflow hole 7 on the lower plane 2. Thus, the excess mortar will enter the overflow hole 7 without affecting the bonding effect.
  • the number of the overflow holes 7 is not limited and the shape is not limited.
  • a continuous upward projection 3 is formed on the outer edge of the upper plane 1 to form a groove, and the lower plane 2 of the hollow brick is caught in the groove formed by the upper plane 1 when the wall is built.
  • the upper and lower planes of the fully enclosed structure make the bonding area larger and firmer when the wall is built.
  • the upper plane of the hollow brick in the above embodiment is a movable plane.
  • New bricks are generally made from the same mixture, either cement mortar or other materials.
  • the movable plane can be made of another material, and the length, width and height of the brick can be adjusted according to actual needs, or can be made into a porous structure.
  • a zigzag or dot-like projection may be provided in the groove of the upper plane 1 of the hollow brick described above, and the height of the serrated or point-like projection is the same as the height of the projection of the outer edge of the upper plane 1.
  • the main purpose is to facilitate the stacking of blocks. Because the newly produced block light can not support the surface block by the two protrusions on the outer side of the upper plane 1, the deformation will affect the use.
  • the serrated protrusion can also prevent the mortar from flowing out, increase the bonding strength and reduce the amount of mortar used. It is also possible to provide a dot or other shape protrusion, which has a similar effect.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)

Abstract

一种快速砌墙空心砖，在空心砖上平面（1）增设砌接面（4），并向空心砖的通孔内延伸构成新增砌接面（4），在新增砌接面（4）內侧设置连续向上的凸起（5），在上平面（1）外侧边缘设置凸起（3），新增砌接面（4）的凸起与上平面外侧边缘的凸起（3）之间形成封闭的凹槽，空心砖下平面（2）上设有与上平面（1）的凹槽相配的凸起（8, 9），空心砖左右两侧设有快速导流槽（6）。该空心砖可增大砌接面积，且得到的墙面砌缝小，无需进行粉墙。

Description

一种快速砌墙空心砖
技术领域
本发明涉及一种空心砖，具体设计一种可实现快速砌墙且免粉墙的空心砖。
背景技术
如图1所示的传统两孔或多孔空心砖上下砌接面面积很小，上下及四周各面皆为平面，不设凹槽，水泥砂浆在砌面上很容易掉落。偶尔在砖左右侧中一侧设10毫米左右的凸起，是为了抹水泥砂浆方便。砌墙时，先在砖的四周边缘抹好水泥砂浆，然后将砖砌到墙上，敲整齐。抹泥浆需要耗费很长时间，所以砌墙很费时。而且由于砌接面积很小，砌出的墙不牢固。现在，强度要求高的墙都用实心砖砌。现在的墙，有10毫米宽的砌缝，手工砌砌缝宽度很难做到一致，所以一般需粉墙。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种快速砌墙空心砖，利用该空心砖，可大大降低工人的劳动强度，提高工作效率，而且得到的墙面砌缝小，甚至无需再进行粉墙。
为了解决现有技术中的这些问题，本发明提供的技术方案是：
一种快速砌墙空心砖，在空心砖的上平面上增设砌接面，空心砖砖体向空心砖的通孔内沿伸构成新增砌接面，在上平面的新增砌接面的内侧设置连续向上的凸起，在上平面外侧边缘设置连续向上的凸起，上平面的新增砌接面上的凸起与设置在上平面外侧的凸起之间形成封闭的凹槽，空心砖的下平面上设有与上平面所形成的凹槽相配的凸起（其中，空心砖下平面前后两侧做成凸起，左右两侧加强筋也可做成凸起）。上平面的新增砌接面上的凸起与设置在上平面外侧的凸起高度一致，或者上平面的新增砌接面上的凸起比设置在上平面外侧的凸起稍高。上层凹槽槽深为下平面凸起与砌缝宽之和，一般为十至五十毫米。砌墙时，上一层砖底部的前后，左右及中间加强筋均放入下一层砖的上凹槽，砖底部与上凹槽间各平面间均形成预定深度的砌缝。增加上砌接面，并在砖上开凹槽，可以在砌墙时防止水泥砂浆从砖上掉落，可以大大提高粘结强度，还可以使砌好的墙可见砌缝只有一毫米。因此，新型砖可以不用粉墙，直接刷油漆，甚至可以贴好瓷砖，大理石出售。在砖的外墙面，可以设置各种花纹，不但美观，还可减轻砖的重量。新型砖的不可见砌缝一般在一至十毫米。砌墙时，水泥砂浆会填满上平面及左右两侧的凹槽。
对于上述技术方案，发明人还有进一步的优化实施方案。
作为优化，在空心砖的左右两侧面设有竖直设置的快速导流槽，所述快速导流槽为长方形或者半圆形或者锯齿形凹槽。由于水泥砂浆填满两侧十毫米宽的砌缝要很长时间，所以在两侧各设置加深凹槽（即快速导流槽），两块砖砌接时快速导流槽会合并出一个大孔。快速导流槽数量为一至二十个，可以为方形圆形锯齿形等各种形状。快速导流槽可以在只增加少量水泥砂浆用量的情况下，快速填满左右两侧十毫米宽的砌缝。
作为优化，所述空心砖的下平面也可增设砌接面，且上下砌接面对称设置。在下平面上增设砌接面，利于增强砖与砖之间的粘结强度，进一步提高墙面的稳固性。
更进一步，在空心砖下平面上设有若干个通孔，所述通孔为用于溢出空心砖底部的多余砂浆溢出孔。上平面的凹槽砌筑时，如果砂浆放得少，砂浆无法到达上层砌块的下平面，使上下平面无法粘结或粘结效果不好。如果砂浆放得过多，多余的砂浆会无法流出，使砖与左右砌块无法持平，影响后面砖块的砌筑，并且造成砌缝宽度不一致，影响美观。解决的方法是在下平面上均匀设置溢出孔。这样，多余的砂浆会进入溢出孔，不会影响粘结效果。溢出孔数量不限，形状不限。
作为优化，所述空心砖的上平面为可移动平面。新型砖一般由同一种混合物制成，可以是水泥砂浆制作，也可以是其它材料。而可移动平面可以用另一种材料制成，砖的长宽高都可根据实际需要调整，也可做成多孔结构。对于多孔空心砖，下平面不必将所有内部加强筋底部放入下层砖的上凹槽，这样制造更方便。
另一种在空心砖下平面设置凸起的方案是：将空心砖下平面两侧加强筋及中间加强筋做成凸起，砌墙时下平面的加强筋均放入下一层空心砖上平面的凹槽中。
相比于现有技术中的解决方案，本发明优点是：
1.砌墙速度快，是传统空心砖砌墙速度的两倍；
2.粘结面积是传统空心砖的两倍以上。单位粘结面积水泥砂浆用量没有增加；
3.砌出的墙面，砌缝小而均匀，可以不要另外粉墙，可以直接刷油漆或贴瓷砖。甚至可以在砖出厂前，贴好瓷砖或大理石；
4.工人劳动强度减小，工作效率大大提高。新型砖的砌筑方式基本不变，工人易接受；
5.可以在不用模板的情况下，方便的在空心孔内浇筋钢筑混凝土，与横向横梁形成框架，大大提高墙体强度；
6.隔热，隔音效果优于传统砖；
7.砌墙时，不会有水泥砂浆掉落，地面很整洁。
附图说明
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步描述：
图1为传统两孔空心砖的结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例一中的两孔五平面的快砌空心砖的上平面视图；
图3为本发明实施例一中的两孔五平面的快砌空心砖的前视图；
图4为本发明实施例二中的上下平面全封闭的快砌空心砖的上平面视图；
图5为本发明实施例二中的上下平面全封闭的快砌空心砖的底视图；
图6为本发明实施例二中的上下平面全封闭的快砌空心砖的纵向剖视图；
图7为两块砖砌筑时的纵向剖视图；
图8为三块砖砌筑时的横向剖视图;
其中：1、上平面；2、下平面；3、上平面的边缘凸起；4、新增砌接面（虚线框内）；5、新增砌接面上的凸起；6、快速导流槽；7、溢出孔；8、下平面前后两侧的凸起；9、下平面左右两侧的凸起。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对上述方案做进一步说明。应理解，这些实施例是用于说明本发明而不限于限制本发明的范围。实施例中采用的实施条件可以根据具体厂家的条件做进一步调整，未注明的实施条件通常为常规实验中的条件。
实施例一：
本实施例描述了一种快速砌墙空心砖，其结构如图2、图3所示，在空心砖的上平面上增设砌接面4，空心砖砖体向空心砖的通孔内沿伸构成新增砌接面4，在上平面1的新增砌接面4内侧设置连续向上的凸起5，在上平面1外侧设置连续向上的凸起3，上平面1的新增砌接面4上的凸起与设置在上平面1外侧的凸起之间形成封闭的凹槽，空心砖的下平面2上设有与上平面1所形成的凹槽相配的凸起（包括下平面前后两侧凸起8与下平面左右两侧凸起9）。本实施例中上平面1的新增砌接面4上的凸起与设置在上平面1外侧的凸起高度一致。
在空心砖的左右两侧面设有竖直设置的快速导流槽6，本实施例中所述快速导流槽6为长方形凹槽。由于水泥砂浆在填满两侧十毫米宽的砌缝要很长时间，所以在两侧各设置加深凹槽（即快速导流槽），两块砖砌接时快速导流槽会合并出一个大孔。快速导流槽数量为一至二十个，可以为方形圆形锯齿形等各种形状。快速导流槽可以在只增加少量水泥砂浆用量的情况下，快速填满左右两侧十毫米宽的砌缝。
实施例二：
本实施例所描述的空心砖结构与实施例一大体相同，但本实施例中的空心砖的上下平面为全封闭结构。所述空心砖的下平面2也增设砌接面，且上下砌接面对称设置。本实施例所述空心砖的结构如图4、图5、图6所示。
在空心砖下平面2的新增砌接面4上设有若干个通孔，所述通孔为用于溢出空心砖底部的多余砂浆溢出孔7。上平面1的凹槽砌筑时，如果砂浆放得少，砂浆无法到达上层砌块的下平面2，使上下平面无法粘结或粘结效果不好。如果砂浆放得过多，多余的砂浆会无法流出，使砖与左右砌块无法持平，影响后面砖块的砌筑，并且造成砌缝宽度不一致，影响美观。解决的方法是在下平面2上均匀设置溢出孔7。这样，多余的砂浆会进入溢出孔7，不会影响粘结效果。溢出孔7数量不限，形状不限。
如图3所示，在上平面1外侧边缘设置连续向上的凸起3形成凹槽，砌墙时所述空心砖的下平面2卡在上平面1形成的凹槽中。做成全封闭结构的上下平面，在砌墙时粘结面积更大，更为牢固。
另外，上述实施例中的空心砖的上平面为可移动平面。新型砖一般由同一种混合物制成，可以是水泥砂浆制作，也可以是其它材料。而可移动平面可以用另一种材料制成，砖的长宽高都可根据实际需要调整，也可做成多孔结构。
另外，在上述的空心砖的上平面1凹槽内均可设置有锯齿状或点状凸起，所述锯齿状或点状凸起的高度与上平面1外侧边缘的凸起的高度相同。主要目的是为方便砌块堆放。因为刚生产的砌块光靠上平面1外侧两个凸起无法支撑面的砌块，会变形影响使用。设锯齿状凸起还可以防止砂浆外流，增加粘结强度，减少砂浆使用量。也可以设点状或其它形状凸起，作用类似。
上述实例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人是能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所做的等效变换或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

  1. 1.一种快速砌墙空心砖，其特征在于，在空心砖的上平面上增设砌接面，空心砖砖体向空心砖的通孔内沿伸构成新增砌接面，在上平面的新增砌接面的内侧设置连续向上的凸起，在上平面外侧边缘设置连续向上的凸起，上平面的新增砌接面上的凸起与设置在上平面外侧的凸起之间形成封闭的凹槽，空心砖的下平面上设有与上平面所形成的凹槽相配的凸起。
  2. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种快速砌墙空心砖，其特征在于，上平面的新增砌接面上的凸起与设置在上平面外侧的凸起高度一致，或者上平面的新增砌接面上的凸起比设置在上平面外侧的凸起稍高。
  3. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种快速砌墙空心砖，其特征在于，在空心砖的左右两侧面设有竖直设置的快速导流槽，所述快速导流槽为长方形或者半圆形或者锯齿形凹槽。
  4. 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种快速砌墙空心砖，其特征在于，所述空心砖的下平面也可增设砌接面，且上下砌接面对称设置。
  5. 5.根据权利要求4所述的一种快速砌墙空心砖，其特征在于，在空心砖下平面上设有若干个通孔，所述通孔为用于溢出空心砖底部的多余砂浆溢出孔。
  6. 6.根据权利要求1所述的一种快速砌墙空心砖，其特征在于，所述空心砖的上平面为可移动平面。
  7. 7.根据权利要求1所述的一种快速砌墙空心砖，其特征在于，将空心砖下平面两侧加强筋做成凸起，砌墙时下平面的加强筋均放入下一层空心砖上平面的凹槽中。
PCT/CN2014/093163 2014-02-26 2014-12-05 一种快速砌墙空心砖 WO2015127807A1 (zh)

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CN110080452A (zh) * 2019-06-12 2019-08-02 淮南博罗环保建材有限公司 一种环保新型高硬度内墙砖及其使用方法
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