WO2015127707A1 - 一种应用于低温氧化脱硝技术的烟道臭氧分布器及其布置方式 - Google Patents

一种应用于低温氧化脱硝技术的烟道臭氧分布器及其布置方式 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015127707A1
WO2015127707A1 PCT/CN2014/074548 CN2014074548W WO2015127707A1 WO 2015127707 A1 WO2015127707 A1 WO 2015127707A1 CN 2014074548 W CN2014074548 W CN 2014074548W WO 2015127707 A1 WO2015127707 A1 WO 2015127707A1
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Prior art keywords
flue
ozone
distributor
venturi
distribution
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PCT/CN2014/074548
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱廷钰
徐文青
赵瑞壮
刘�文
Original Assignee
中国科学院过程工程研究所
北京正实同创环境工程科技有限公司
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Priority to US15/121,795 priority Critical patent/US10507427B2/en
Priority to JP2016549472A priority patent/JP6267353B2/ja
Publication of WO2015127707A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015127707A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/76—Gas phase processes, e.g. by using aerosols
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/56—Nitrogen oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/10—Mixing gases with gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/312—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows with Venturi elements; Details thereof
    • B01F25/3121—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows with Venturi elements; Details thereof with additional mixing means other than injector mixers, e.g. screens, baffles or rotating elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/313—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit
    • B01F25/3131—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit with additional mixing means other than injector mixers, e.g. screens, baffles or rotating elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/313—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit
    • B01F25/3132—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit by using two or more injector devices
    • B01F25/31322—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit by using two or more injector devices used simultaneously
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/313—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit
    • B01F25/3133—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit characterised by the specific design of the injector
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4316—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor the baffles being flat pieces of material, e.g. intermeshing, fixed to the wall or fixed on a central rod
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/10—Oxidants
    • B01D2251/104—Ozone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/025—Other waste gases from metallurgy plants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/12—Methods and means for introducing reactants
    • B01D2259/122—Gaseous reactants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
    • B01F2101/2204—Mixing chemical components in generals in order to improve chemical treatment or reactions, independently from the specific application
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/312—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows with Venturi elements; Details thereof
    • B01F25/3125—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows with Venturi elements; Details thereof characteristics of the Venturi parts
    • B01F25/31251—Throats

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a flue ozone distributor applied to low temperature oxidation denitration technology and an arrangement thereof, and belongs to the technical field of environmental engineering.
  • N0 2 has similar properties to S0 2 and belongs to acid gas. It is easy to react with alkaline substances to achieve the purpose of removal. Since the NO x in the flue gas in more than 90% NO, to be first oxidized to NO N0 2, it has a variety of oxidative removal techniques.
  • CN 1923337A discloses a device for simultaneously removing ozone pollutants of boiler flue gas and a method thereof, and the oxidative removal technical scheme is to spray ozone into a boiler flue, and then send the ozone-treated boiler flue gas to the boiler. Wash into the lye scrubber.
  • the inventor's prior application (application number 201310482358.8) relates to a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) semi-dry method combined with desulfurization, denitration and mercury removal device and method, and the removal technical solution is sprayed on the front flue of the CFB purification device. Ozone, the ozone-treated flue gas is sent to the CFB unit for removal. Note that the decomposition rate of 03 to strengthen at temperatures higher than 150 ° C, the flue gas temperature is not so high.
  • Low ozone oxidation denitration technology is injected into the flue gas 03 to oxidize NO to N0 2 prior to entering the flue purification apparatus and then absorbed into the subsequent section.
  • the contact effect of 0 3 in the flue with NO in the flue gas is direct
  • the oxidation efficiency and the subsequent absorption effect are determined. Therefore, the mixing effect of the two gases has become the focus of the development of the technology. Accordingly, the development of the ozone distributor that affects the distribution of the gas flow in the flue has become a hot spot.
  • the development of the ozone distributor can draw on the application experience of the ammonia spray grid in the front flue of the denitration SCR technology reactor.
  • the main function of the ammonia spray grid is to promote the mixing uniformity of the injected ammonia gas or the ammonia-containing air and the flue gas before contacting the SCR catalyst, thereby improving the reaction efficiency on the SCR catalyst.
  • the phenomenon of nozzle clogging and low mixing uniformity is often encountered.
  • some targeted ammonia spray grids have been developed, such as the anti-blocking type disclosed by CN 103480254A.
  • the design of the ozone distributor needs to address the problem of poor mixing of the gas stream in the laminar flow state and shorten the flue distance of the oxidation reaction.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a flue ozone distributor and a layout thereof for low-temperature oxidative denitration technology, aiming at the above-mentioned design priorities, and to achieve optimal uniform mixing of ozone and flue gas in a short time in the project, and to ensure Oxidation efficiency of NO in the flue.
  • One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a flue ozone distributor comprising a distribution main pipe, a plurality of distributed branch pipes, a plurality of venturi distributors, and a plurality of delta wings;
  • the plurality of distributed branch pipes are led out from the distributed main branch in parallel; the plurality of venturi distributors are arranged on the distributed branch pipe at equal intervals; and the venturi distributor is provided with a delta wing on one side of the diffusing section.
  • the flue ozone distributor of the invention adopts a structure combining venturi distributor and delta wing, which can enhance the pollution of smoke and ozone in the application, promotes oxidation efficiency, and shortens the effective reaction flue distance.
  • the practical engineering application advantages are very obvious.
  • the plurality of distributed branch pipes and the venturi distributed pipes arranged at equal intervals from the distributed main branch make the distribution of ozone in the flue more uniform, further ensuring the mixing effect of ozone and flue gas.
  • Those skilled in the art can select the specific form and size of each component according to actual needs, and the spacing between each distribution branch pipe, the Venturi distributor, and the delta wing can also be selected according to actual needs.
  • the present invention also does not specifically stipulate the materials of the various components.
  • the distributed branch pipe is divided into two sections, and the front distributed branch pipe section is led out by the distribution main pipe, and is connected with the rear distributed branch pipe section through a connecting flange to realize modular design and installation, and the installation and maintenance are convenient.
  • a regulating valve is disposed on the front distributed branch pipe, and in actual operation, the ozone passing amount can be adjusted according to the concentration of NO in the flue gas.
  • the spacing between the plurality of distributed branches is equal.
  • the spacing between adjacent distribution branches is 300-500 mm, for example, 300.02 to 499 mm, 310 to 482 mm, 328 to 450 mm, 350 to 427.5 mm, 385 mm, and the like.
  • the gas flow velocity in the distribution main pipe does not exceed 30 m/s at most, and is preferably 25 to 27 m/s.
  • the flow velocity in the distributed branch pipe is controlled to be 20 to 25 m/s, for example, 20.03 to 24.8 m/s, 21 to 23.4 m/s, 21.5 to 23 m/s, 22.8 m/s, etc., preferably 20 m/s. .
  • the choice of the distribution main pipe and the distribution branch pipe diameter is determined in accordance with the gas velocity in the pipe.
  • the spacing between adjacent venturi distributors is 50 to 100 mm, for example, 50.02 to 99.8 mm, 56 to 90 mm, 68 to 81.5 mm, 73 to 79 mm, 75.4 mm, etc., preferably 50 to 75 mm.
  • the venturi distributor has a contraction angle of 70 to 90 °, for example, 70.01 to 88.9 °, 73 to 86.4 °, 76.4 to 82 °, 77-80 °, 79.4 °, etc., preferably 80 °.
  • the venturi distributor has a diffusion angle of 20 to 50 °, for example, 20.03 to 48.6 °, 23-45.3 °, 26.4-42.3 °, 28-40 °, 30.5-37 °, 33.7 °, etc., further preferably 40°.
  • the venturi distributor has a throat height-to-diameter ratio of 1.0 to 1.5, and may be, for example, 1.01 to 1.48, 1.08 to 1.41, 1.2 to 1.34, 1.23 to 1.3, 1.27, etc., and further preferably 1.2.
  • the venturi gas velocity of the venturi distributor is 8 to 12 m/s, for example, 8.02 to 11.8 m/s, 8.6 to 11.3 m/s, 9 to 10.7 m/s, 9.6 m/s, etc., and more preferably 12m/s.
  • the vertical spacing of the venturi diffuser segment and the corresponding delta wing is 8 to 12 cm, for example, 8.01-11.8 cm, 8.8-11.2 cm, 9.4 to 10.7 cm, 10 cm, etc., preferably 10 cm.
  • the angle of inclination of the delta wing on the adjacent distribution branch is 90°. This design can increase the distribution of ozone and enhance the mixing effect of ozone and smoke.
  • the cross section of the delta wing is an equilateral triangle, and the diameter of the inscribed circle is 1.1 to 1.5 times, preferably 1.2 to 1.3 times, the diameter of the outlet of the venturi diffuser.
  • the delta wing and venturi spreader are coupled by a clamp integral with the delta wing, the clip being snapped into the throat section of the Venturi distributor.
  • the delta wing perturbs the ozone ejected from the venturi spreader.
  • a second object of the present invention is to provide an arrangement of a flue ozone distributor as described above: when the flue ozone distributor is arranged in the flue, the horizontal distance between the ends of the plurality of distributed branch pipes and the side wall of the flue is smoke 1/2 of the width of the track, the even array of flue ozone distributors are symmetrically displaced on both sides of the flue; the direction of ozone injected into the flue through the flue ozone distributor is consistent with the direction of the flue gas.
  • a third object of the present invention is to provide a flue in which the above-described flue ozone distributor is disposed. Ozone is injected into the flue through the flue ozone distributor, fully mixed with the flue gas in the flue, and the NO is oxidized to N0 2 and enters the subsequent purification section.
  • the horizontal distance between the end of the plurality of distributed branch pipes of the flue ozone distributor and the side wall of the flue is 1/2 of the width of the flue, and the even array flue ozone distributor is symmetrically dislocated and installed on both sides of the flue, which can not only reduce the single
  • the pressure requirements required for the ozone distributor are enhanced while the uniformity of ozone distribution in the flue is enhanced.
  • the direction of the ozone injected into the flue through the flue ozone distributor is consistent with the direction of the flue gas flow, thereby avoiding the problem of clogging of the ash.
  • the flue ozone distributor of the present invention adopts a Venturi distributor and a delta wing distribution structure, and the Venturi structure increases the coverage of the ozone distribution, and the delta wing further disturbs the flow, thereby enhancing the mixing effect of the flue gas and the ozone. , promoting the oxidation reaction;
  • the direction of ozone injected into the flue through the flue ozone distributor is consistent with the direction of the flue gas flow, and there is no problem of blocking the injection tunnel;
  • the distributed branch pipe is divided into two sections. One section is led by the main pipe. The two sections are flanged. The three-corner wing and the venturi distributor are fixedly connected by clamps. The structure is simple and the installation and maintenance are convenient.
  • Figure 1 is a front elevational view showing the structure of the flue ozone distributor of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a delta wing in the flue ozone distributor of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a Chinese churi distributor and a delta wing connection structure of the flue ozone distributor of the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of a flue with a flue ozone distributor installed in the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a side elevational view showing the arrangement of the two sets of flue ozone distributors in the flue according to the present invention.
  • the components of the drawings are marked as follows: 1-flue; 2-distribution supervisor; 3-distribution branch; 3-1-pre-distribution branch; 3-2-post-distribution branch; 4-venturi distributor; 5-triangle Wing; 6-connecting flange; 7- regulating valve.
  • Example 1 A flue ozone distributor, the flue ozone distributor comprising a distribution main pipe, a plurality of distributed branch pipes, a plurality of venturi distributors and a plurality of delta wings; the plurality of distributed branch pipes are led out from the parallel branches of the distribution mains; The plurality of venturi distributors are equally spaced on the distribution branch; the venturi distributor is provided with a delta wing on one side of the diffusion section.
  • the horizontal distance between the end of the plurality of distributed branch pipes and the side wall of the flue is 1/2 of the width of the flue, and the even array flue ozone distributor is symmetrically dislocated on both sides of the flue.
  • the direction of ozone injected into the flue through the flue ozone distributor is consistent with the direction of the flue gas flow.
  • a flue ozone distributor includes a distribution main pipe 2, a plurality of distributed branch pipes 3, a plurality of venturi distributors 4, and a plurality of delta wings 5;
  • the plurality of distributed branch pipes 3 are taken out from the distributed main pipe 2 in parallel; the plurality of venturi distributors 4 are equally arranged on the distributed branch pipe 3; and the venturi distributor 4 is provided with a delta wing 5 on one side of the diffusing section.
  • the distribution branch pipe 3 is divided into two sections, and the front distribution branch pipe 3-1 is led out by the distribution main pipe 2, and the rear distribution branch pipe 3-2 section is connected by the connection flange 6; the distribution branch pipe 3-1 is arranged and adjusted
  • the valve 7 can adjust the amount of ozone inflow according to the NO concentration in the flue gas.
  • the spacing between the plurality of distributed branch pipes 3 is equal; the spacing between adjacent distributed branch pipes 3 is 500 mm.
  • the selection of the diameters of the ozone distribution main pipe 2 and the distribution branch pipe 3 is determined according to the gas velocity in the pipe, and the air flow velocity in the distribution main pipe 2 is 30 m/s; the air flow velocity in the distribution branch pipe 3 is controlled at 25 m/s.
  • the spacing between adjacent venturi distributors 4 is 100 mm.
  • the venturi distributor 4 has a contraction angle of 90° and a spread angle of 50°.
  • the venturi distributor 4 has a throat height to diameter ratio of 1.5 and a throat gas velocity of 12 m/s.
  • the vertical spacing between the diffusion section of the Venturi distributor and the corresponding delta wing is 12cm; the inclination angle of the delta wing 5 on the adjacent distribution branch 3 is 90°, and the distribution area of ozone is increased to enhance the mixing effect of ozone and smoke.
  • the cross section of the delta wing 5 is an equilateral triangle, and the diameter of the inscribed circle is 1.5 times the diameter of the outlet of the diffuser section of the venturi distributor 4.
  • the delta wing 5 and the venturi distributor 4 are connected by a clamp to the delta wing 5-body.
  • the flue ozone distributor When the flue ozone distributor is arranged in the flue 1, the horizontal distance between the end of the plurality of distributed branch pipes 3 and the side wall of the flue is 1/2 of the width of the flue 1, and the even array flue ozone distributor is in the flue 1
  • the two sides are symmetrically dislocated and installed; the direction of ozone injected into the flue through the flue ozone distributor is consistent with the direction of the flue gas flow.
  • the spacing between adjacent distributed branch pipes 3 is 300 mm.
  • the airflow velocity in the distribution main pipe 2 is 20 m/s ; the airflow velocity in the distributed branch pipe 3 is controlled at 20 m/so
  • the spacing between adjacent venturi distributors 4 is 50 mm.
  • the venturi distributor 4 has a contraction angle of 70° and a spread angle of 25 °.
  • the venturi distributor 4 has a throat height to diameter ratio of 1.0 and a throat gas velocity of 8 m/s.
  • the vertical spacing between the Venturi distributor diffuser and the corresponding delta wing is 8 cm.
  • the delta wing 5 has an equilateral triangle whose inner diameter is 1.1 times the diameter of the outlet of the venturi distributor 4 diffusion section.
  • the spacing between adjacent distributed branch pipes 3 is 400 mm.
  • the airflow velocity in the distribution main pipe 2 is 25 m/s ; the airflow velocity in the distributed branch pipe 3 is controlled at 20 m/so
  • venturi distributor 4 has a contraction angle of 80° and a spread angle of 40°.
  • the venturi distributor 4 has a throat height to diameter ratio of 1.2 and a throat gas velocity of 12 m/s.
  • the vertical spacing between the Venturi distributor diffuser and the corresponding delta wing is 10 cm.
  • the triangular wing 5 has an equilateral triangle whose inner diameter is 1.2 times the diameter of the outlet of the venturi distributor 4 diffusion section.
  • the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 is that:
  • the spacing between adjacent distributed branch pipes 3 is 400 mm.
  • the airflow velocity in the distribution main pipe 2 is 27 m/s ; the airflow velocity in the distributed branch pipe 3 is controlled at 23 m/so
  • the spacing between adjacent venturi distributors 4 is 80 mm.
  • the venturi distributor 4 has a contraction angle of 75 ° and a spread angle of 30 °.
  • the venturi distributor 4 has a throat height to diameter ratio of 1.3 and a throat gas velocity of 10 m/s.
  • the vertical spacing between the Venturi distributor diffuser and the corresponding delta wing is l lcm.
  • the triangular wing 5 has an equilateral triangle whose inner diameter is 1.3 times the diameter of the outlet of the venturi distributor 4 diffusion section.
  • a flue is provided in which the flue ozone distributor described in Embodiment 2 is disposed.
  • the horizontal distance between the end of the plurality of distributed branch pipes 3 of the flue ozone distributor and the side wall of the flue is 1/2 of the width of the flue 1 , and is symmetrically dislocated on both sides of the flue 1 by using an even array flue ozone distributor. Not only can the pressure requirements of a single set of ozone distributors be reduced, but also the uniformity of ozone distribution in the flue can be enhanced.
  • the direction of ozone injected into the flue through the flue ozone distributor is consistent with the direction of the flue gas flow, avoiding clogging of the ash The problem.
  • the working process of the present invention is as follows:
  • the ozone generated by the outside enters the distribution main pipe 2, and is controlled by the regulating valve 7 to enter the distributed branch pipe 3, and is sprayed into the flue by the Venturi distributor 4, and the direction of the ozone injection is consistent with the flow of the flue gas.
  • the injected ozone is turbulent through the flute gas 5 fixed in the front of the venturi distributor 4, and then fully mixed to enter the subsequent purification section.
  • the invention is mainly applied to the field of industrial boiler/kiln flue gas low temperature ozone oxidation denitration in the fields of thermoelectricity, steel and the like, the direction of ozone injection is consistent with the direction of the flue gas flow, and there is no problem of ash blockage, especially the smoke and ozone are strengthened.
  • the disturbance is popular, which promotes the oxidation efficiency and shortens the effective reaction flue distance.
  • the practical engineering application advantage is very obvious.

Abstract

本发明涉及一种应用于低温氧化脱硝技术的烟道臭氧分布器及其布置方式。所述烟道臭氧分布器包括分布主管、多个分布支管、多个文丘里分布器和多个三角翼；所述多个分布支管从分布主管并行分支引出；所述多个文丘里分布器等间距布置在分布支管上；所述文丘里分布器的扩散段一侧设置三角翼。所述烟道中设置有所述的烟道臭氧分布器。本发明主要应用于热电、钢铁等行业工业锅炉/窑炉烟气低温臭氧氧化法脱硝领域，臭氧喷入方向与烟气流向一致，不存在积灰堵塞的问题，尤其强化了烟气和臭氧的扰流行为，促进了氧化效率，缩短了有效反应的烟道距离，实际工程应用优势非常明显。

Description

说 明 书 一种应用于低温氧化脱硝技术的烟道臭氧分布器及其布置方式 技术领域
本发明涉及一种应用于低温氧化脱硝技术的烟道臭氧分布器及其布置方 式， 属于环境工程技术领域。
背景技术
火电、 钢铁等行业排放烟气中污染物多种多样， 国内企业现有的烟气净化 装置大多是针对于 802的治理， 而 NOx作为一种主要的大气污染物质， 同样严 重危害人类健康、 环境、 生态及社会经济。 新颁布的火电、 钢铁等烟气排放标 准已经对 NOx的排放提出了严格要求。 N02有着与 S02类似的性质， 都属于酸 性气体，易与碱性物质结合发生反应达到脱除的目的。由于烟气中的 NOx中 90% 以上是 NO， 需先将 NO氧化为 N02， 氧化脱除技术已有多种。如 CN 1923337A 公开了一种锅炉烟气多种污染物臭氧氧化同时脱除装置及其方法， 其氧化脱除 技术方案是在锅炉烟道上喷入臭氧， 再将经过臭氧处理后的锅炉烟气送入碱液 洗涤塔中进行洗涤。 如发明人的在先申请 （申请号为 201310482358.8) 涉及一 种循环流化床（CFB)半干法联合脱硫脱硝脱汞装置及方法， 其脱除技术方案是 在 CFB净化装置前烟道上喷入臭氧，再将经过臭氧处理后的烟气送入 CFB装置 进行脱除反应。 需要注意的是 03在温度高于 150°C时分解率加强， 因此烟气温 度不宜过高。
目前， 低温臭氧氧化脱硝技术从脱除效果、 投资运行成本等角度考虑都占 有一定的优势， 成为相关行业或企业控制 NOx排放关注的焦点。
低温臭氧氧化脱硝技术是指烟气在进入净化装置前向烟道中喷入 03将 NO 氧化为 N02， 再进入后续的吸收工段。 烟道中 03与烟气中 NO的接触效果直接 决定了氧化效率和后续的吸收效果， 因此两种气体的混合效果成为了该技术发 展的重点， 相应地， 影响烟道中气流分布的臭氧分布器的开发成为热点。
臭氧分布器的开发可以借鉴脱硝 SCR技术反应装置前烟道内喷氨格栅的应 用经验。 喷氨格栅的主要作用是促进喷入的氨气或含氨空气与烟气在接触 SCR 催化剂之前混合均匀性， 提高在 SCR催化剂上的反应效率。 据报道， 在喷氨格 栅的实际应用过程中， 经常会遇到喷口堵塞、 混合均匀度低等现象， 为此已开 发了一些针对性的喷氨格栅，例如 CN 103480254A公布的防堵型喷氨格栅和 CN 203208900U公布的动态喷氨格栅等。 臭氧分布器的设计重点需要解决气流在层 流状态下混合效果不佳的问题， 缩短发生氧化反应的烟道距离。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对以上提到的设计重点， 提供一种应用于低温氧化脱 硝技术的烟道臭氧分布器及其布置方式， 实现工程中短时间内臭氧与烟气的最 佳均匀混合， 保证烟道内 NO的氧化效率。
为达此目的， 本发明采用以下技术方案：
本发明的目的之一在于提供一种烟道臭氧分布器， 所述烟道臭氧分布器包 括分布主管、 多个分布支管、 多个文丘里分布器和多个三角翼；
所述多个分布支管从分布主管并行分支引出； 所述多个文丘里分布器等间 距布置在分布支管上； 所述文丘里分布器的扩散段一侧设置三角翼。
本发明所述的烟道臭氧分布器采用文丘里分布器和三角翼结合的结构形 式， 在应用中可以强化烟气和臭氧的扰流行为， 促进了氧化效率， 缩短了有效 反应的烟道距离， 实际工程应用优势非常明显。 从分布主管并行分支引出的多 个分布支管及等间距布置的文丘里分布管使臭氧在烟道中的分布更加均匀， 进 一步保证臭氧与烟气的混合效果。 本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要选择各部件的具体形式及尺寸， 各分布 支管、 文丘里分布器、 三角翼之间的间距也可以根据实际需要进行选择。 本发 明对各部件的材料也不做特殊规定。
以下为本发明所述烟道臭氧分布器的优选形式， 不应视为对本发明的限制。 所述分布支管分为两段， 前分布支管段由分布主管引出， 与后分布支管段 之间通过连接法兰连接， 实现模块化设计和安装， 安装维修方便。
所述前分布支管上设置调节阀， 在实际操作中可以根据烟气中 NO 的浓度 调节臭氧通入量。
所述多个分布支管之间的间距相等。 优选地， 相邻分布支管之间的间距为 300-500mm， 例如可选择 300.02〜499mm， 310〜482mm， 328〜450mm， 350〜427.5mm， 385mm等。
所述分布主管内的气流速度最大不超过 30m/s， 优选为 25〜27m/s。 所述分 布支管内的气流速度控制在 20〜25m/s， 例如可选择 20.03〜24.8m/s， 21〜23.4m/s， 21.5〜23m/s， 22.8m/s等， 优选为 20m/s。在本发明中， 分布主管和分布支管管径 的选择依据管内气速确定。
相邻文丘里分布器之间的间距为 50〜100mm， 例如可选择 50.02〜99.8mm， 56〜90mm， 68〜81.5mm， 73〜79mm， 75.4mm等， 优选为 50〜75mm。
所述文丘里分布器的收缩角为 70〜90 ° ， 例如可选择 70.01〜88.9 ° ， 73〜86.4° ， 76.4〜82° ， 77-80° ， 79.4° 等， 优选为 80° 。
所述文丘里分布器的扩散角为 20〜50 ° ， 例如可选择 20.03〜48.6 ° ， 23-45.3 ° ， 26.4-42.3 ° ， 28-40° ， 30.5-37° ， 33.7° 等， 进一步优选为 40° 。
所述文丘里分布器的喉口高径比为 1.0〜1.5， 例如可选择 1.01〜1.48， 1.08-1.41 , 1.2〜1.34， 1.23〜1.3， 1.27等， 进一步优选为 1.2。 所述文丘里分布器的喉口气速为 8〜12m/s， 例如可选择 8.02〜11.8m/s， 8.6〜11.3m/s， 9〜10.7m/s， 9.6m/s等， 进一步优选为 12m/s。
文丘里分布器扩散段与对应三角翼垂直间距在 8〜12cm， 例如可选择 8.01-11.8cm, 8.8-11.2cm, 9.4〜10.7cm， 10cm等， 优选为 10cm。
相邻分布支管上三角翼的倾斜角度为 90° 。 这种设计可以加大臭氧的分布 区域， 强化臭氧与烟气的混合效果。
所述三角翼的截面为等边三角形， 其内切圆直径为文丘里分布器扩散段出 口直径的 1.1〜1.5倍， 优选为 1.2〜1.3倍。
所述三角翼和文丘里分布器通过与三角翼一体的卡箍连接， 卡箍卡在文丘 里分布器喉口段。 三角翼对从文丘里分布器喷出的臭氧进行扰动。
本发明的目的之二在于提供一种如上所述烟道臭氧分布器的布置方式： 所 述烟道臭氧分布器在烟道中布置时， 多个分布支管末端与烟道边壁的水平距离 是烟道宽度的 1/2， 偶数组烟道臭氧分布器在烟道两侧对称错位安装； 经所述烟 道臭氧分布器喷入烟道的臭氧方向与烟气流向一致。
本发明的目的之三在于提供一种烟道， 所述烟道中设置有上述的烟道臭氧 分布器。 臭氧经烟道臭氧分布器喷入烟道， 与烟道中的烟气充分混合， 将 NO 氧化为 N02， 进入后续净化工段。
所述烟道臭氧分布器的多个分布支管末端与烟道边壁的水平距离是烟道宽 度的 1/2， 偶数组烟道臭氧分布器在烟道两侧对称错位安装， 不仅可以降低单组 臭氧分布器所需的压力要求， 同时强化了臭氧在烟道分布的均匀性。
经所述烟道臭氧分布器喷入烟道的臭氧方向与烟气流向一致， 避免了积灰 堵塞的问题。
与已有技术方案相比， 本发明具有以下有益效果： 1、 本发明所述的烟道臭氧分布器采用文丘里分布器加三角翼分布结构， 文 丘里结构加大了臭氧分布的覆盖面， 三角翼进一步进行扰流， 加强了烟气和臭 氧的混合效果， 促进了氧化反应；
2、 经烟道臭氧分布器喷入烟道内的臭氧方向与烟气流向一致， 不存在堵塞 喷射孔道的问题；
3、 分布支管分为两段， 一段由主管引出， 两段支管之间采用法兰连接， 三 角翼和文丘里分布器通过卡箍固定连接， 结构简单， 安装维修方便。
附图说明
图 1是本发明所述烟道臭氧分布器结构的主视示意图；
图 2是本发明所述烟道臭氧分布器中三角翼结构示意图；
图 3 是本发明所述烟道臭氧分布器中文丘里分布器和三角翼连接结构示意 图；
图 4是本发明所述安装有烟道臭氧分布器的烟道示意图；
图 5是本发明所述两组烟道臭氧分布器在烟道中布置方式侧视示意图。 附图中各部件的标记如下： 1-烟道； 2-分布主管； 3-分布支管； 3-1-前分布 支管； 3-2-后分布支管； 4-文丘里分布器； 5-三角翼； 6-连接法兰； 7-调节阀。
下面对本发明进一步详细说明。 但下述的实例仅仅是本发明的简易例子， 并不代表或限制本发明的权利保护范围， 本发明的保护范围以权利要求书为准。 具体实 H ^式
下面结合附图并通过具体实施方式来进一步说明本发明的技术方案。
为更好地说明本发明， 便于理解本发明的技术方案， 本发明的典型但非限 制性的实施例如下：
实施例 1 一种烟道臭氧分布器， 所述烟道臭氧分布器包括分布主管、 多个分布支管、 多个文丘里分布器和多个三角翼； 所述多个分布支管从分布主管并行分支引出； 所述多个文丘里分布器等间距布置在分布支管上； 所述文丘里分布器的扩散段 一侧设置三角翼。
所述烟道臭氧分布器在烟道中布置时， 多个分布支管末端与烟道边壁的水 平距离是烟道宽度的 1/2， 偶数组烟道臭氧分布器在烟道两侧对称错位安装； 经 所述烟道臭氧分布器喷入烟道的臭氧方向与烟气流向一致。
实施例 2
如图 1至图 3所示， 一种烟道臭氧分布器， 所述烟道臭氧分布器包括分布 主管 2、 多个分布支管 3、 多个文丘里分布器 4和多个三角翼 5 ; 所述多个分布 支管 3从分布主管 2并行分支引出； 所述多个文丘里分布器 4等间距布置在分 布支管 3上； 所述文丘里分布器 4的扩散段一侧设置三角翼 5。
所述分布支管 3分为两段，前分布支管 3-1段由分布主管 2引出， 与后分布 支管 3-2段之间通过连接法兰 6连接； 所述分布支管 3-1上设置调节阀 7， 可以 根据烟气中 NO浓度调节臭氧通入量。 所述多个分布支管 3之间的间距相等； 相邻分布支管 3之间的间距为 500mm。
所述臭氧分布主管 2和分布支管 3管径的选择依据管内气速确定， 所述分 布主管 2内的气流速度为 30m/s; 所述分布支管 3内的气流速度控制在 25m/s。
相邻文丘里分布器 4之间的间距为 100mm。
所述文丘里分布器 4的收缩角为 90° ， 扩散角为 50° 。
所述文丘里分布器 4的喉口高径比为 1.5， 喉口气速为 12m/s。
文丘里分布器扩散段与对应三角翼垂直间距为 12cm; 相邻分布支管 3上三 角翼 5的倾斜角度为 90° ， 加大臭氧的分布区域， 强化臭氧与烟气的混合效果。 所述三角翼 5的截面为等边三角形， 其内切圆直径为文丘里分布器 4扩散 段出口直径的 1.5倍。
所述三角翼 5和文丘里分布器 4通过与三角翼 5—体的卡箍连接。
所述烟道臭氧分布器在烟道 1 中布置时， 多个分布支管 3末端与烟道边壁 的水平距离是烟道 1宽度的 1/2， 偶数组烟道臭氧分布器在烟道 1两侧对称错位 安装； 经所述烟道臭氧分布器喷入烟道的臭氧方向与烟气流向一致。
实施例 3
本实施例与实施例 2的区别在于：
相邻分布支管 3之间的间距为 300mm。
所述分布主管 2内的气流速度为 20m/s;所述分布支管 3内的气流速度控制 在 20m/s o
相邻文丘里分布器 4之间的间距为 50mm。
所述文丘里分布器 4的收缩角为 70° ， 扩散角为 25 ° 。
所述文丘里分布器 4的喉口高径比为 1.0， 喉口气速为 8m/s。
文丘里分布器扩散段与对应三角翼垂直间距为 8cm。
所述三角翼 5的截面为等边三角形， 其内切圆直径为文丘里分布器 4扩散 段出口直径的 1.1倍。
实施例 4
本实施例与实施例 2的区别在于：
相邻分布支管 3之间的间距为 400mm。
所述分布主管 2内的气流速度为 25m/s;所述分布支管 3内的气流速度控制 在 20m/s o
相邻文丘里分布器 4之间的间距为 75mm。 所述文丘里分布器 4的收缩角为 80° ， 扩散角为 40° 。
所述文丘里分布器 4的喉口高径比为 1.2， 喉口气速为 12m/s。
文丘里分布器扩散段与对应三角翼垂直间距为 10cm。
所述三角翼 5的截面为等边三角形， 其内切圆直径为文丘里分布器 4扩散 段出口直径的 1.2倍。 本实施例与实施例 2的区别在于：
相邻分布支管 3之间的间距为 400mm。
所述分布主管 2内的气流速度为 27m/s;所述分布支管 3内的气流速度控制 在 23m/s o
相邻文丘里分布器 4之间的间距为 80mm。
所述文丘里分布器 4的收缩角为 75 ° ， 扩散角为 30° 。
所述文丘里分布器 4的喉口高径比为 1.3， 喉口气速为 10m/s。
文丘里分布器扩散段与对应三角翼垂直间距为 l lcm。
所述三角翼 5的截面为等边三角形， 其内切圆直径为文丘里分布器 4扩散 段出口直径的 1.3倍。
实施例 6
如图 4和图 5所示， 一种烟道， 所述烟道 1中设置有实施例 2所述的烟道 臭氧分布器。
所述烟道臭氧分布器的多个分布支管 3末端与烟道边壁的水平距离是烟道 1 宽度的 1/2， 采用偶数组烟道臭氧分布器在烟道 1两侧对称错位安装， 不仅可以 降低单组臭氧分布器所需的压力要求， 同时强化了臭氧在烟道分布的均匀性。 经所述烟道臭氧分布器喷入烟道的臭氧方向与烟气流向一致， 避免了积灰堵塞 的问题。
本发明的工作过程如下： 外界产生的臭氧进入分布主管 2， 经调节阀 7控制 调节后进入分布支管 3， 由文丘里分布器 4喷入烟道， 喷入臭氧方向与烟气流向 一致。 喷入的臭氧经文丘里分布器 4前方固定的三角翼 5烟气扰流， 进行充分 混合反应后进入后续净化工段。
本发明主要应用于热电、 钢铁等行业工业锅炉 /窑炉烟气低温臭氧氧化法脱 硝领域， 臭氧喷入方向与烟气流向一致， 不存在积灰堵塞的问题， 尤其强化了 烟气和臭氧的扰流行为， 促进了氧化效率， 缩短了有效反应烟道距离， 实际工 程应用优势非常明显。
申请人声明， 本发明通过上述实施例来说明本发明的详细结构特征以及方 法， 但本发明并不局限于上述详细结构特征以及方法， 即不意味着本发明必须 依赖上述详细结构特征以及方法才能实施。 所属技术领域的技术人员应该明了， 对本发明的任何改进， 对本发明所选用部件的等效替换以及辅助部件的增加、 具体方式的选择等， 均落在本发明的保护范围和公开范围之内。
以上详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式， 但是， 本发明并不限于上述实施 方式中的具体细节， 在本发明的技术构思范围内， 可以对本发明的技术方案进 行多种简单变型， 这些简单变型均属于本发明的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是， 在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征， 在不矛盾的情况下， 可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合， 为了避免不必要的重 复， 本发明对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外， 本发明的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合， 只要其不 违背本发明的思想， 其同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种烟道臭氧分布器， 其特征在于， 所述烟道臭氧分布器包括分布主管 (2)、 多个分布支管 （3 )、 多个文丘里分布器 （4) 和多个三角翼 （5 );
所述多个分布支管 （3 ) 从分布主管 （2 ) 并行分支引出； 所述多个文丘里 分布器 （4 )等间距布置在分布支管 （3 ) 上； 所述文丘里分布器 （4 ) 的扩散段 一侧设置三角翼 （5 )。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的烟道臭氧分布器， 其特征在于， 所述分布支管 （3 ) 分为两段， 前分布支管 （3-1 ) 段由分布主管 （2) 引出， 与后分布支管 （3-2) 段之间通过连接法兰 （6) 连接；
优选地， 所述前分布支管 （3-1 ) 上设置调节阀 （7) ;
优选地， 所述多个分布支管 （3 ) 之间的间距相等；
优选地， 相邻分布支管 （3 ) 之间的间距为 300〜500mm。
3、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的烟道臭氧分布器， 其特征在于， 所述分布主管 (2) 内的气流速度最大不超过 30m/s， 优选为 25〜27m/s;
优选地， 所述分布支管（3 )内的气流速度控制在 20〜25m/s，优选为 20m/s。
4、 如权利要求 1-3之一所述的烟道臭氧分布器， 其特征在于， 相邻文丘里 分布器 （4) 之间的间距为 50〜100mm， 优选为 50〜75mm。
5、 如权利要求 1-4之一所述的烟道臭氧分布器， 其特征在于， 所述文丘里 分布器 （4) 的收缩角为 70〜90° ， 优选为 80° ；
优选地，所述文丘里分布器（4)的扩散角为 25〜50° ，进一步优选为 40° ； 优选地， 所述文丘里分布器 （4 ) 的喉口高径比为 1.0〜1.5， 进一步优选为
1.2；
优选地，所述文丘里分布器 (4)的喉口气速为 8〜12m/s，进一步优选为 12m/s。
6、 如权利要求 1-5之一所述的烟道臭氧分布器， 其特征在于， 文丘里分布 器 （4) 扩散段与对应三角翼 （5) 垂直间距在 8〜12cm， 优选为 10cm;
优选地， 相邻分布支管 （3) 上三角翼 （5) 的倾斜角度为 90° 。
7、 如权利要求 1-6之一所述的烟道臭氧分布器， 其特征在于， 所述三角翼 (5) 的截面为等边三角形， 其内切圆直径为文丘里分布器 （4) 扩散段出口直 径的 1.1〜1.5倍， 优选为 1.2〜1.3倍；
优选地， 所述三角翼 （5) 和文丘里分布器 （4)通过与三角翼 （5) —体的 卡箍连接。
8、一种如权利要求 1-7之一所述烟道臭氧分布器的布置方式，其特征在于， 所述烟道臭氧分布器在烟道 （1) 中布置时， 多个分布支管 （3) 末端与烟道边 壁的水平距离是烟道（1) 宽度的 1/2， 偶数组烟道臭氧分布器在烟道（1)两侧 对称错位安装； 经所述烟道臭氧分布器喷入烟道的臭氧方向与烟气流向一致。
9、 一种烟道， 其特征在于， 所述烟道 （1) 中设置有权利要求 1-8之一所 述的烟道臭氧分布器。
10、 如权利要求 9所述的烟道， 其特征在于， 所述烟道臭氧分布器的多个 分布支管（3)末端与烟道边壁的水平距离是烟道（1) 宽度的 1/2， 偶数组烟道 臭氧分布器在烟道（1)两侧对称错位安装； 经所述烟道臭氧分布器喷入烟道的 臭氧方向与烟气流向一致。
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