WO2015123929A1 - 防跑磨装置 - Google Patents

防跑磨装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015123929A1
WO2015123929A1 PCT/CN2014/078384 CN2014078384W WO2015123929A1 WO 2015123929 A1 WO2015123929 A1 WO 2015123929A1 CN 2014078384 W CN2014078384 W CN 2014078384W WO 2015123929 A1 WO2015123929 A1 WO 2015123929A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pulley
traction rope
link
base
ear plate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/078384
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
尹志锐
Original Assignee
国家电网公司
国网河北省电力公司
国网河北省电力公司衡水供电分公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201410057446.8A external-priority patent/CN103956676B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201420072865.4U external-priority patent/CN203722132U/zh
Application filed by 国家电网公司, 国网河北省电力公司, 国网河北省电力公司衡水供电分公司 filed Critical 国家电网公司
Priority to JP2016503534A priority Critical patent/JP6063089B2/ja
Priority to EP14883308.0A priority patent/EP3109959B1/en
Publication of WO2015123929A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015123929A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02GINSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G1/00Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines
    • H02G1/02Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines for overhead lines or cables
    • H02G1/04Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines for overhead lines or cables for mounting or stretching

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of rope movement direction control technology, and more particularly to an anti-running grinding device. Background technique
  • Winch grinding is one of the most commonly used mechanical equipment in transmission line construction. It is mainly used for traction work and is widely used in various processes of line construction, such as: tower assembly, tightening line, and erecting opgw (optical fiber composite overhead ground wire) fiber optic cable.
  • the unexpected conditions are basically running grinding.
  • the meaning of running grinding is: When using the twisting machine to properly pull, the traction rope wound on the grinding machine is quickly caused by some uncontrollable reason. Reversing in the opposite direction. In the event of running grinding, the skein will lose its effect, and the traction rope will quickly retreat, causing the wire to move in the direction of axial squeezing. If the field personnel do not catch the flash, it will cause injury or even death to the personnel on site.
  • An anti-running grinding device comprising: a base for providing support; a detecting component located on the base for detecting the twisting Grinding the direction of movement of the traction rope; the brake assembly is located on the base and coupled to the detecting assembly; and the detecting assembly detects the movement of the brake assembly when detecting the reverse movement of the twisted traction rope, such that the system is The moving assembly clamps the traction rope.
  • the base has a plate shape, and a pull ring is fixed to a front end of the base.
  • the detecting assembly comprises: a pulley mechanism including at least one pulley, wherein the groove of the pulley is used for limiting the twisting traction rope to detect the moving direction of the twisting traction rope; a transmission mechanism coupled to the rotating shaft of the pulley and the brake assembly for triggering the brake assembly when the pulley mechanism detects a change in the direction of movement of the twisted traction rope.
  • the pulley mechanism includes a first pulley, a second pulley, and a third pulley that are parallel in axis, and the first pulley and the third pulley are located on both sides of the second pulley. And the height of the first pulley and the third pulley are different from the second pulley, so that the honing traction rope can be tightly embedded in the grooves of the first pulley, the second pulley and the third pulley; A rotating shaft of the second pulley is coupled to the transmission mechanism.
  • the transmission mechanism includes: a ratchet pawl mechanism disposed at one end of the rotating shaft of the pulley, and the pawl of the ratchet pawl mechanism moves in a reverse direction when the twisted traction rope moves in the opposite direction a ratchet wheel that drives the ratchet pawl mechanism; an outer wheel fixed to the outside of the ratchet wheel of the ratchet pawl mechanism; a link mechanism coupled to the outer wheel for transmitting the rotation of the outer wheel to the brake a component to trigger the brake assembly action.
  • the link mechanism comprises: a first link, the first The second end is connected to the outer end of the first connecting rod, the second end is hinged to the base, and the third end is hinged to the base a first end is located below the first end of the second link; when the outer wheel rotates, the second link is driven to tilt toward the first end of the third link, and the third is depressed A link lifts the second end of the third link to trigger actuation of the brake assembly.
  • the link mechanism further includes: a fourth link, the first end is bent upward to form an L shape, and the second end is connected to the brake assembly; The second end is bent downward to form an L shape, and the second end of the third link is engaged with the first end of the fourth link, and when the second end of the third link is tilted, The second end of the third link is disengaged from the first end of the fourth link to trigger actuation of the brake assembly.
  • the brake assembly includes: a wire retainer fixed to the base, including a card slot and a handle, the card slot being in the same plane as the groove of the pulley
  • the shank is connected to the second end of the fourth connecting rod; the limiting slot is corresponding to the card slot and is used for limiting the hoisting traction rope.
  • the limiting slot is a recess of a limit pulley
  • the rotating shaft of the limiting pulley is mounted on a first ear plate and a second ear plate, the first The ear plate is reversibly hinged to the base relative to the second ear plate, and the second ear plate is fixed to the base.
  • the first pulley and the third pulley each include a height adjusting mechanism to adjust the heights of the first pulley and the third pulley, thereby causing the hoisting rope and the first The two pulleys are in closer contact.
  • the invention can automatically detect the moving direction of the twisted traction rope, and clamp it in time when the traction rope is reversely moved to prevent the running phenomenon from occurring, thereby avoiding various accidents caused by running grinding.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • the preferred embodiment is a main base 1, a detecting assembly provided in the front half 103 of the base 1, and a brake assembly provided in the rear half 104 of the base 1.
  • a main base 1 a detecting assembly provided in the front half 103 of the base 1
  • a brake assembly provided in the rear half 104 of the base 1.
  • the terms of the front half 103, the rear half 104, and the front view 101, the rear view side 102, and the like of the base 1 described below are all for convenience of description, and should not be understood as the base 1 and Any limitations on the detection components, the shape, structure, and position of the brake assembly.
  • the base 1 is mainly used to provide support for the detecting assembly and the brake assembly.
  • the base 1 has a plate shape, and the front end of the base 1 is fixed with a pull ring 105, and the pull ring 105 is mainly used for connection with a fixed object.
  • the detecting component is located at the front half 103 of the base 1 for detecting the moving direction of the hoisting rope, and when the pulling rope is reversely moved, that is, when the pulling rope is away from the honing, the detecting component senses the change of the direction, and the change is made. Transfer to the brake assembly.
  • the brake assembly is located in the rear half 104 of the base 1 and is coupled to the detection assembly; the detection assembly detects the movement of the brake assembly in the opposite direction of the twisted traction rope, causing the brake assembly to jam the traction rope.
  • the detecting assembly mainly includes a pulley mechanism for detecting the moving direction of the stranded traction rope, and a transmission mechanism for transmitting the direction change signal of the traction rope to the brake assembly.
  • the pulley mechanism is coupled to the transmission mechanism.
  • the pulley mechanism comprises three pulleys and corresponding support frames, and the three pulleys are a first pulley 24, a second pulley 34 and a third pulley which is not marked but has the same structure as the first pulley 24.
  • the grooves of the three pulleys are used for limiting the stranded traction rope, wherein the second pulley 34 is for detecting the change of the direction of movement of the traction rope and transmitting the change through the shaft 36 thereof.
  • the transmission mechanism triggers the brake assembly when the second pulley 34 detects that the direction of movement of the twisted traction rope changes, thereby clamping the traction rope to prevent the running phenomenon from occurring.
  • the axes of the first pulley 24, the second pulley 34, and the third pulley are parallel, and the first pulley 24 and the third pulley are located on both sides of the second pulley 34.
  • the height of the first pulley 24 and the third pulley 34 is different from the second pulley, for example, lower than the second pulley 34, such that the traction rope passes the upper groove of the first pulley 24, the lower groove of the second pulley 34, and the third pulley
  • the upper groove that is, the traction rope is passed through the grooves of the three pulleys in a slightly curved state, so that the sling rope can be closely fitted into the grooves of the first pulley 24, the second pulley 34 and the third pulley
  • the traction rope and the second pulley 34 are brought into closer contact, and the second pulley 34 can sense the direction change of the traction rope more timely and accurately.
  • the first pulley 24 is located between the two ear plates 21, 22.
  • the ear plate 22 on the side of the main view side 101 of the base 1 is a unitary structure, and the ear plate 21 on the rear view side 102 of the base 1 is
  • the two-stage structure includes an upper ear plate 211 and a lower ear plate 212.
  • the lower end of the upper ear plate 211 and the upper end of the lower ear plate 212 are hinged, that is, the upper ear plate 211 can be turned in the direction of the rear view side 102. Since the third pulley and the first pulley 24 have the same structure, they will not be described herein.
  • the second pulley 34 is located between the two ear plates 31, 35.
  • a gap 30 which can pass through the traction rope, and below the gap 30 is a vertical plate 32.
  • the upper ear plate 211 is turned toward the rear view side 102, so that the traction rope is inserted into the groove of the three pulleys from the upper ear plate 211 and the gap 30. It can be seen that the reversible design of the upper ear plate 211 and the suspended design of the ear plate 31 facilitate the insertion of the traction rope into the grooves of the three pulleys on site.
  • the preferred embodiment further includes a reinforcing plate which is fastened by bolts after the traction rope is embedded in the groove of the pulley
  • the ear plate 31 and the vertical plate 32 are also extended to cover the upper ear plate 211 and the lower ear plate 212.
  • the first pulley 24 and the third pulley of the preferred embodiment each include a height adjusting mechanism to adjust the heights of the first pulley 23 and the third pulley, so that the stranded traction rope is in contact with the second pulley.
  • a vertical stud 82 and a driving plate are disposed under the base 1.
  • the base 1 is provided with a threaded block 81.
  • the threaded block 81 is provided with a threaded hole.
  • the upper end of the stud 82 passes through the base 1.
  • the threaded hole is screwed into, and the drive plate is screwed to the stud 82.
  • Both ends of the rotating shaft 23 of the first pulley 24 are vertically movably passed through the ear plates 21 and 22 and are respectively mounted on the upper end of a column 25, and the lower end of the column 25 is fixed to the driving plate through the base 1.
  • the driving plate moves downward, and the driving plate drives the column 25 to slide up and down, thereby driving the rotating shaft 23 and the first pulley 24 to move up and down.
  • Adjusting the height of the first pulley 24 facilitates embedding the leash in its recess while facilitating adjustment of the friction between the leash and the three pulleys.
  • the transmission mechanism includes: an outer wheel 37, a ratchet pawl mechanism 38, and a link mechanism.
  • the ratchet pawl mechanism 38 is disposed at one end of the rotating shaft 36 of the second pulley 34 through the ear plate 35, and the vertical plate 39 is supported at the end of the rotating shaft 36.
  • the pawl of the ratchet pawl mechanism 38 drives the ratchet of the ratchet pawl mechanism 38 to rotate when the twisted traction rope moves in the opposite direction; the outer wheel 37 is fixed to the outside of the ratchet of the ratchet pawl mechanism 38.
  • the outer wheel 37, the ratchet pawl mechanism 38 and the bicycle flywheel (overrunning clutch) have the same structure.
  • the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 directly uses a bicycle flywheel. During normal traction, the bicycle flywheel is stationary, and once the traction rope moves in the opposite direction, the bicycle flywheel will be rotated.
  • the linkage mechanism is coupled to the outer wheel 37 for transmitting the rotation of the outer wheel 37 to the brake assembly to trigger actuation of the brake assembly.
  • the link mechanism includes: a first link 51, a second link 52, a third link 55, and a fourth link 6.
  • the first end of the first link 51 is coupled to the outer wheel 37.
  • the first end of the second link 52 is hinged to the second end of the first link 51, and the second end is hinged to a support seat 53 on the base 1.
  • the middle portion of the third link 55 is hinged to a support seat 58 on the base 1 via a hinge plate 59.
  • a first end of the outer wheel 37 extends below a flat plate 54.
  • the flat plate 54 is located below the first end of the second link 52. .
  • the second link 52 When the outer wheel 37 rotates, the second link 52 is driven to tilt toward the first end of the third link 55, and the third link 55 is pressed down to tilt the second end of the third link 55 to trigger the brake assembly action. .
  • the first end of the fourth link 6 is bent upward to form an L shape, and the second end is coupled to the wire gripper 4 of the brake assembly.
  • First The second end 551 of the three link 55 is bent downward to form an L shape, and the second end 551 of the third link 55 is engaged with the first end 61 of the fourth link 6, on the second end of the third link 55.
  • the second end 551 of the third link 55 and the first end 61 of the fourth link 6 are disengaged to trigger the action of the wire gripper 4 of the brake assembly.
  • the preferred embodiment further includes a limit frame 57 having a gate-like structure through which the third link 55 passes.
  • a vertical compression spring 56 which is fixed between the third link 55 and the base 1.
  • the brake assembly includes a cable gripper 4 and a limit pulley 73.
  • the wire gripper 4 is fixed to the base 1, and includes a card slot 40 and a pull handle 41. Since the wire gripper 4 is of the prior art, Fig. 1 shows only the structure thereof, and the structure thereof will not be described again.
  • the card slot 40 is in the same plane as the grooves of the aforementioned three pulleys, the front end 412 of the pull handle 41 is coupled to the second end of the fourth link 6, and the rear end 411 is a pull handle ring.
  • the groove of the limit pulley 73 serves as a limit groove of the traction rope, and corresponds to the card slot 40, and is used for limiting the twisting of the traction rope to prevent the traction rope from swinging.
  • the rotating shaft 74 of the limiting pulley 73 is mounted on an ear plate 71 and an ear plate 72.
  • the ear plate 71 is reversibly hinged to the base 1 with respect to the ear plate 72, and the second ear plate 72 is fixed to the base 1. That is, similar to the support frame of the first pulley 24, the ear plate 71 includes an upper ear plate 711 and a lower ear plate 712, and the upper ear plate 711 can be turned over to the rear view side 102 of the base 1 to facilitate the insertion of the traction rope into the card slot. 40 and the groove of the limit pulley 73.
  • the upper end of the ear plate 72 is a bolt 75 and two nuts 76, and the end of the rotating shaft 74 is located on the lower side of the bolt 75.
  • the bolt 75 is rotated to facilitate the rotation of the rotating shaft 74 from the ear plate 72.
  • the upper ear plate 711 is vertical, and the traction rope is embedded.
  • the bolt 75 is screwed into the two nuts 76 so that the bolt 75 is pressed against the rotating shaft 74.
  • the pull tab of the cable gripper 4 can be connected to a tractor equipped with a winch Then, the pull ring 105 is connected to a fixture such as a ground anchor by a cable or the like.
  • the traction rope is inserted into the grooves of the first pulley 24, the second pulley 34, the third pulley, the limit pulley, and the card slot 40, and the operation can be performed normally.
  • the second pulley 34 rotates in the opposite direction, driving the outer wheel 37 to rotate, and the second end of the third link 55 is upturned and the fourth link 6 is When one end is disengaged, the pull handle 41 immediately snaps the traction rope into the card slot 40. Since the tractor equipped with the winch has sufficient weight and power, it can prevent the traction rope from moving in one motion.
  • the present invention can prevent the occurrence of running-grinding phenomenon simply and conveniently, and greatly improve the safety of the power working site.
  • the invention has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and convenient large-scale promotion.
  • the present invention is not only applicable to the honing of the traction rope, but can be applied to any occasion where the rope is required to move in one direction while avoiding the movement of the rope in the opposite direction.

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Abstract

一种防跑磨装置,其包括:底座(1),用于提供支撑;检测组件,位于所述底座(1)上,用于检测绞磨牵引绳的运动方向;制动组件,位于所述底座(1)上,与所述检测组件连接;所述检测组件检测绞磨牵引绳的反方向移动时触发所述制动组件动作,使得所述制动组件卡紧绞磨牵引绳;所述装置可以自动检测绞磨牵引绳的运动方向,并在牵引绳发生反向运动时及时将其卡紧,防止跑磨现象发生,从而避免跑磨引发的各类事故。

Description

防跑磨装置 技术领域
本发明涉及绳索运动方向控制技术领域, 具体而言, 本发明特别涉及 一种防跑磨装置。 背景技术
绞磨是输电线路施工中最常用的机械设备之一。 其主要用于牵引作业, 广泛的应用于线路施工的各个工序中, 如: 铁塔组立、 放紧线、 架设 opgw ( Optical Fiber Composite Overhead Ground Wire, 光纤复合架空地线) 光缆。
绞磨在现场施工过程中, 出现的意外状况基本都是跑磨,跑磨的含义为: 在利用绞磨正常牵引时, 由于某种不可控制的原因, 导致缠绕在绞磨上的牵 引绳迅速反方向回撤。 若发生跑磨现象, 绞磨失去作用, 牵引绳就会迅速回 撤, 带动线轴向绞磨方向迅速移动, 如果现场人员躲闪不及, 就对现场人员 造成伤害, 甚至死亡。
探究跑磨产生的原因, 大致有以下几点:
1、 在正常牵引时, 牵引绳搅在一起, 在撬动绞磨牵引绳时跑磨。
2、 由于拽尾绳人员拽的方向不对, 尾绳在绞磨外脱落而导致跑磨。
3、 交换拽尾绳人员时, 配合不默契或者拽磨绳的人少而导致跑磨。
4、 牵引绳有破损没能及时发现, 在经过绞磨时断开, 也将导致跑磨。 可见产生跑磨的原因较多, 而且跑磨现象发生之后, 危害十分巨大, 鉴 于此, 业界有必要开发防跑磨装置, 以避免跑磨现象的发生。 发明内容 本发明的目的在于提供一种防跑磨装置, 以解决绞磨在应用时可能发 生跑磨的问题。
为了解决上述问题, 本发明提供一种防跑磨装置, 其技术方案如下: 一种防跑磨装置, 其包括: 底座, 用于提供支撑; 检测组件, 位于所 述底座上,用于检测绞磨牵引绳的运动方向;制动组件,位于所述底座上, 与所述检测组件连接;所述检测组件检测绞磨牵引绳的反方向移动时触发 所述制动组件动作, 使得所述制动组件卡紧绞磨牵引绳。
优选地, 在上述防跑磨装置中, 所述底座呈板状, 且所述底座的前端 固定有拉环。
优选地, 在上述防跑磨装置中, 所述检测组件包括: 滑轮机构, 包括 至少一个滑轮, 所述滑轮的凹槽用于限位绞磨牵引绳, 以检测绞磨牵引绳 的运动方向; 传动机构, 与所述滑轮的转轴及所述制动组件连接, 用于在 所述滑轮机构检测到绞磨牵引绳运动方向发生改变时, 触发所述制动组 件。
优选地, 在上述防跑磨装置中, 所述滑轮机构包括轴线平行的第一滑 轮、 第二滑轮和第三滑轮, 所述第一滑轮、 第三滑轮位于所述第二滑轮的 两侧, 并且所述第一滑轮、 第三滑轮的高度不同于所述第二滑轮, 以使绞 磨牵引绳能够紧密地嵌入所述第一滑轮、 第二滑轮和第三滑轮的凹槽中; 所述第二滑轮的转轴与所述传动机构连接。
优选地, 在上述防跑磨装置中, 所述传动机构包括: 棘轮棘爪机构, 设于所述滑轮的转轴一端,所述棘轮棘爪机构的棘爪在绞磨牵引绳发生反 方向运动时, 驱动所述棘轮棘爪机构的棘轮转动; 外轮, 固定于所述棘轮 棘爪机构的棘轮外侧; 连杆机构, 与所述外轮连接, 用于使所述外轮的转 动传动至所述制动组件, 以触发所述制动组件动作。
优选地, 在上述防跑磨装置中, 所述连杆机构包括: 第一连杆, 第一 端与所述外轮连接; 第二连杆, 第一端与所述第一连杆的第二端铰接, 第 二端铰接于所述底座上; 第三连杆, 中部铰接于所述底座上, 第一端位于 所述第二连杆的第一端下方;当所述外轮转动时驱动所述第二连杆向所述 第三连杆的第一端倾斜,并下压所述第三连杆使所述第三连杆的第二端上 翘, 以触发所述制动组件动作。
优选地, 在上述防跑磨装置中, 所述连杆机构还包括: 第四连杆, 第 一端向上弯曲形成 L形, 第二端与所述制动组件连接; 所述第三连杆的第 二端向下弯曲形成 L形,所述第三连杆的第二端与所述第四连杆的第一端 啮合, 在所述第三连杆的第二端上翘时, 所述第三连杆的第二端和所述第 四连杆的第一端脱离, 以触发所述制动组件动作。
优选地, 在上述防跑磨装置中, 所述制动组件包括: 卡线器, 固定于 所述底座上,包括卡槽和拉柄,所述卡槽与所述滑轮的凹槽在同一平面内, 所述拉柄与所述第四连杆的第二端连接; 限位槽, 与所述卡槽对应, 用于 限位绞磨牵引绳。
优选地, 在上述防跑磨装置中, 所述限位槽为一限位滑轮的凹槽, 所 述限位滑轮的转轴架设于一第一耳板、 第二耳板上, 所述第一耳板相对所 述第二耳板可翻转地铰接于所述底座上, 所述第二耳板固定于所述底座 上。
优选地, 在上述防跑磨装置中, 所述第一滑轮、 第三滑轮均包括高度 调整机构, 以调整所述第一滑轮、 第三滑轮的高度, 从而使绞磨牵引绳与 所述第二滑轮接触更紧密。
分析可知, 本发明可以自动检测绞磨牵引绳的运动方向, 并在牵引绳 发生反向运动时及时将其卡紧, 防止跑磨现象发生, 从而避免跑磨引发的 各类事故。 附图说明
图 1为本发明优选实施例的立体结构示意图。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做进一歩详细说明。
如图 1所示, 本优选实施例主要底座 1、 设于底座 1前半部 103的检测 组件、 设于底座 1后半部 104的制动组件。 需要提前说明的是, 前半部 103、 后半部 104以及下述的底座 1的主视侧 101、 后视侧 102等表示方位的术语 均是为了方便描述, 而不应理解为对底座 1及其上的检测组件、 制动组件的 形状、 结构、 位置的任何限制。
具体而言, 底座 1主要用于为检测组件、 制动组件提供支撑。 优选地, 底座 1呈板状, 且底座 1的前端固定有拉环 105, 拉环 105主要用于和一固 定物连接。
检测组件位于底座 1的前半部 103, 用于检测绞磨牵引绳的运动方向, 并在牵引绳发生反向运动时, 即牵引绳远离绞磨时, 检测组件感知该方向变 化, 并将该变化传递至制动组件。
制动组件位于底座 1的后半部 104, 其与检测组件连接; 检测组件检测 绞磨牵引绳的反方向移动时触发制动组件动作, 使得制动组件卡紧绞磨牵引 绳。
优选地, 如图 1所示, 检测组件主要包括用于检测绞磨牵引绳的运动方 向的滑轮机构、 将牵引绳的方向改变信号传动至制动组件的传动机构。 滑轮 机构与传动机构耦接。 其中, 滑轮机构包括三个滑轮及相应的支撑机架, 三 个滑轮分别为第一滑轮 24、第二滑轮 34及未标记但是与第一滑轮 24具有相 同结构的第三滑轮。 三个滑轮的凹槽均是用于限位绞磨牵引绳, 其中第二滑 轮 34则是用于检测牵引绳的运动方向改变, 并通过其转轴 36将该改变传递 至传动机构,使得传动机构在第二滑轮 34检测到绞磨牵引绳运动方向发生改 变时, 触发制动组件, 从而卡紧牵引绳防止跑磨现象发生。
进一歩具体而言, 在滑轮机构中, 第一滑轮 24、 第二滑轮 34和第三滑 轮的轴线平行, 第一滑轮 24、 第三滑轮位于第二滑轮 34的两侧。 第一滑轮 24、 第三滑轮 34的高度不同于第二滑轮, 例如低于第二滑轮 34, 使得牵引 绳经过第一滑轮 24的上方凹槽、 第二滑轮 34的下方凹槽、 第三滑轮的上方 凹槽, 也即, 使牵引绳以稍微弯曲的状态通过三个滑轮的凹槽, 从而使得绞 磨牵引绳能够紧密地嵌入第一滑轮 24、 第二滑轮 34和第三滑轮的凹槽中, 借此使牵引绳和第二滑轮 34接触更紧密, 第二滑轮 34能够更及时、 更准确 的感知牵引绳的方向改变。
更优选地, 第一滑轮 24位于两个耳板 21、 22之间, 位于底座 1主视侧 101一方的耳板 22为一整体结构, 位于底座 1后视侧 102—方的耳板 21为 两段式结构: 包括上耳板 211、 下耳板 212, 上耳板 211的下端和下耳板 212 的上端铰接, 也即上耳板 211能够向后视侧 102的方向翻转。 由于第三滑轮 和第一滑轮 24结构相同, 在此不再赘述。 第二滑轮 34位于两个耳板 31、 35 之间, 耳板 31的下方为一能够通过牵引绳的空隙 30, 空隙 30下方则为一立 板 32。 在现场作业时, 将上耳板 211向后视侧 102翻转, 使牵引绳从上耳板 211上、 空隙 30中嵌入三个滑轮的凹槽。 可见, 上耳板 211的可翻转设计以 及耳板 31的悬空设计在现场方便牵引绳嵌入三个滑轮的凹槽中。 更优选地, 为了增加三个滑轮的支撑耳板的强度, 同时避免牵引绳脱落, 本优选实施例 还包括一个加强板, 在牵引绳嵌入滑轮的凹槽之后, 通过螺栓将加强板紧固 在耳板 31、 立板 32上, 同时该加强板还延伸覆盖至上耳板 211、 下耳板 212 上。
更优选地,本优选实施例的第一滑轮 24、第三滑轮均包括高度调整机构, 以调整第一滑轮 23、 第三滑轮的高度, 从而使绞磨牵引绳与第二滑轮接触更 紧密。 具体而言, 底座 1下方设有一竖直的螺柱 82和未图示一个驱动板, 底 座 1上设有一螺纹块 81, 螺纹块 81上设有一螺纹孔, 螺柱 82的上端穿过底 座 1并旋入该螺纹孔, 同时驱动板与螺柱 82螺纹连接。 第一滑轮 24的转轴 23的两端能够上下移动地穿过耳板 21、 22之后分别架设于一立柱 25上端, 立柱 25的下端则穿过底座 1固定于驱动板上。 当螺柱 82旋转时, 带动驱动 板上下移动, 驱动板带动立柱 25上下滑动, 从而带动转轴 23及第一滑轮 24 上下移动。调节第一滑轮 24的高度便于将牵引绳嵌入其凹槽中, 同时便于调 整牵引绳与三个滑轮之间的摩擦力。
再图 1所示, 传动机构包括: 外轮 37、 棘轮棘爪机构 38和连杆机构。 棘轮棘爪机构 38设于第二滑轮 34的转轴 36穿过耳板 35的一端, 并且立板 39支撑于转轴 36的该端。棘轮棘爪机构 38的棘爪在绞磨牵引绳发生反方向 运动时, 驱动棘轮棘爪机构 38的棘轮转动; 外轮 37固定于棘轮棘爪机构 38 的棘轮外侧。
外轮 37、 棘轮棘爪机构 38和自行车飞轮 (超越离合器) 的结构相同, 为了节约成本, 图 1所示实施例直接采用了一自行车飞轮。 在正常牵引时, 自行车飞轮静止不动, 一旦牵引绳逆向运动, 就会带动自行车飞轮转动。
连杆机构与外轮 37连接, 用于使外轮 37的转动传动至制动组件, 以触 发制动组件动作。 优选地, 连杆机构包括: 第一连杆 51、 第二连杆 52、 第三 连杆 55、 第四连杆 6。 第一连杆 51 的第一端与外轮 37连接。 第二连杆 52 的第一端与第一连杆 51 的第二端铰接, 第二端铰接于底座 1上的一支撑座 53上。 第三连杆 55的中部通过一铰接板 59铰接于底座 1上的一支撑座 58, 其第一端向外轮 37下方延伸出一平板 54, 平板 54位于第二连杆 52的第一 端下方。当外轮 37转动时驱动第二连杆 52向第三连杆 55的第一端倾斜,并 下压第三连杆 55使第三连杆 55的第二端上翘, 以触发制动组件动作。 第四 连杆 6的第一端向上弯曲形成 L形, 第二端与制动组件的卡线器 4连接。 第 三连杆 55的第二端 551向下弯曲形成 L形, 第三连杆 55的第二端 551与第 四连杆 6的第一端 61啮合, 在第三连杆 55的第二端上翘时, 第三连杆 55 的第二端 551和第四连杆 6的第一端 61脱离, 以触发制动组件的卡线器 4 动作。
为了防止第三连杆 55 发生不必要的摆动, 本优选实施例还包括限位框 57, 该限位框 57呈门状结构, 第三连杆 55从其中通过。 另外, 为了使第三 连杆 55能够及时复位, 以及使第三连杆 55的第二端 551与第四连杆 6的第 一端 61啮合的更紧密, 在第三连杆 55的第一端下方设有一竖直的压缩弹簧 56, 压缩弹簧 56固定于第三连杆 55和底座 1之间。
再如图 1所示, 制动组件包括卡线器 4和限位滑轮 73。 卡线器 4固定于 底座 1上, 包括卡槽 40和拉柄 41。 由于卡线器 4为现有技术, 图 1仅示意 性的示出了其结构,在此也不再赘述其结构。卡槽 40与前述三个滑轮的凹槽 在同一平面内, 拉柄 41 的前端 412与第四连杆 6的第二端连接, 后端 411 则为拉柄环。 限位滑轮 73的凹槽作为牵引绳的限位槽, 其与卡槽 40对应, 用于限位绞磨牵引绳, 防止牵引绳摆动。
更优选地, 限位滑轮 73的转轴 74架设于一耳板 71、 耳板 72上, 耳板 71相对耳板 72可翻转地铰接于底座 1上, 第二耳板 72固定于底座 1上。 也 即, 类似于第一滑轮 24的支撑机架, 耳板 71包括上耳板 711、 下耳板 712, 上耳板 711可向底座 1的后视侧 102翻转,便于将牵引绳嵌入卡槽 40及限位 滑轮 73的凹槽中。进一歩地, 耳板 72的上端为一螺栓 75、 两螺母 76, 转轴 74的端部位于螺栓 75下侧。 翻转上耳板 711时, 旋转螺栓 75, 便于转轴 74 脱离耳板 72, 将牵引绳放入卡槽 40及耳板 71、耳板 72间之后, 再使上耳板 711竖直, 牵引绳嵌入限位滑轮 73的凹槽中, 再将螺栓 75旋入两个螺母 76 中, 使得螺栓 75紧压在转轴 74上。
在应用本优选实施例时, 卡线器 4的拉柄环可以与安装绞磨的拖拉机连 接, 拉环 105通过缆索等与一固定物, 例如地锚, 连接。 通过上述描述, 将 牵引绳嵌入第一滑轮 24、第二滑轮 34、第三滑轮、 限位滑轮的凹槽以及卡槽 40之后, 便可正常作业。 当发生牵引绳反方向移动, 有脱离绞磨的趋势时, 第二滑轮 34立即反方向旋转,驱动外轮 37转动,第三连杆 55的第二端上翘 并与第四连杆 6的第一端脱离, 拉柄 41则立即将牵引绳卡紧在卡槽 40中, 由于安装绞磨的拖拉机具有足够的重量和动力, 因此其可以防止牵引绳进一 歩运动。
综上所述, 本发明能够简单、 方便的防止跑磨现象发生, 大大提高了电 力作业现场的安全性。 同时, 本发明结构简单、 成本低廉, 便于大规模推广。 当然, 本发明不仅仅适用于绞磨牵引绳, 而且可以应用在需要绳索单方向运 动、 同时要避免绳索发生反方向运动的任何场合。
由技术常识可知, 本发明可以通过其它的不脱离其精神实质或必要特征 的实施方案来实现。 因此, 上述公开的实施方案, 就各方面而言, 都只是举 例说明, 并不是仅有的。 所有在本发明范围内或在等同于本发明的范围内的 改变均被本发明包含。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种防跑磨装置, 其特征在于, 包括:
底座, 用于提供支撑;
检测组件, 位于所述底座上, 用于检测绞磨牵引绳的运动方向; 制动组件, 位于所述底座上, 与所述检测组件连接; 所述检测组件检 测绞磨牵引绳的反方向移动时触发所述制动组件动作,使得所述制动组件 卡紧绞磨牵引绳。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的防跑磨装置, 其特征在于, 所述底座呈板 状, 且所述底座的前端固定有拉环。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的防跑磨装置, 其特征在于, 所述检测组件 包括:
滑轮机构,包括至少一个滑轮,所述滑轮的凹槽用于限位绞磨牵引绳, 以检测绞磨牵引绳的运动方向;
传动机构, 与所述滑轮的转轴及所述制动组件连接, 用于在所述滑轮 机构检测到绞磨牵引绳运动方向发生改变时, 触发所述制动组件。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的防跑磨装置, 其特征在于, 所述滑轮机构 包括轴线平行的第一滑轮、 第二滑轮和第三滑轮, 所述第一滑轮、 第三滑 轮位于所述第二滑轮的两侧, 并且所述第一滑轮、第三滑轮的高度不同于 所述第二滑轮, 以使绞磨牵引绳能够紧密地嵌入所述第一滑轮、 第二滑轮 和第三滑轮的凹槽中;
所述第二滑轮的转轴与所述传动机构连接。
5、 根据权利要求 3所述的防跑磨装置, 其特征在于, 所述传动机构 包括:
棘轮棘爪机构, 设于所述滑轮的转轴一端, 所述棘轮棘爪机构的棘爪 在绞磨牵引绳发生反方向运动时, 驱动所述棘轮棘爪机构的棘轮转动; 外轮, 固定于所述棘轮棘爪机构的棘轮外侧;
连杆机构, 与所述外轮连接, 用于使所述外轮的转动传动至所述制动 组件, 以触发所述制动组件动作。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的防跑磨装置, 其特征在于, 所述连杆机构 包括:
第一连杆, 第一端与所述外轮连接;
第二连杆, 第一端与所述第一连杆的第二端铰接, 第二端铰接于所述 底座上;
第三连杆, 中部铰接于所述底座上, 第一端位于所述第二连杆的第一 端下方;当所述外轮转动时驱动所述第二连杆向所述第三连杆的第一端倾 斜, 并下压所述第三连杆使所述第三连杆的第二端上翘, 以触发所述制动 组件动作。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的防跑磨装置, 其特征在于, 所述连杆机构 还包括:
第四连杆, 第一端向上弯曲形成 L形, 第二端与所述制动组件连接; 所述第三连杆的第二端向下弯曲形成 L形,所述第三连杆的第二端与 所述第四连杆的第一端啮合, 在所述第三连杆的第二端上翘时, 所述第三 连杆的第二端和所述第四连杆的第一端脱离, 以触发所述制动组件动作。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的防跑磨装置, 其特征在于, 所述制动组件 包括:
卡线器, 固定于所述底座上, 包括卡槽和拉柄, 所述卡槽与所述滑轮 的凹槽在同一平面内, 所述拉柄与所述第四连杆的第二端连接;
限位槽, 与所述卡槽对应, 用于限位绞磨牵引绳。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的防跑磨装置, 其特征在于, 所述限位槽为 限位滑轮的凹槽,所述限位滑轮的转轴架设于一第一耳板、第二耳板上, 述第一耳板相对所述第二耳板可翻转地铰接于所述底座上,所述第二耳 固定于所述底座上。
10、根据权利要求 4所述的防跑磨装置,其特征在于,所述第一滑轮、 三滑轮均包括高度调整机构, 以调整所述第一滑轮、 第三滑轮的高度, 而使绞磨牵引绳与所述第二滑轮接触更紧密。
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