WO2015123218A1 - Agility ladder - Google Patents

Agility ladder Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015123218A1
WO2015123218A1 PCT/US2015/015265 US2015015265W WO2015123218A1 WO 2015123218 A1 WO2015123218 A1 WO 2015123218A1 US 2015015265 W US2015015265 W US 2015015265W WO 2015123218 A1 WO2015123218 A1 WO 2015123218A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
link
rungs
rung
agility ladder
links
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2015/015265
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Allen Keith HOLLAND
Daniel John WRAY
Kash Oris BELL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pro Performance Sports LLC
Original Assignee
Pro Performance Sports LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pro Performance Sports LLC filed Critical Pro Performance Sports LLC
Priority to EP15749452.7A priority Critical patent/EP3105402A4/en
Priority to JP2016551317A priority patent/JP6462707B2/ja
Publication of WO2015123218A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015123218A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B5/00—Apparatus for jumping
    • A63B5/22—Foot obstacles for skipping, e.g. horizontally-rotating obstacles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B69/00—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
    • A61F7/10—Cooling bags, e.g. ice-bags
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H15/00—Massage by means of rollers, balls, e.g. inflatable, chains, or roller chains
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
    • A63B21/0004—Exercising devices moving as a whole during exercise
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B23/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body
    • A63B23/035—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously
    • A63B23/04—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously for lower limbs
    • A63B23/0405—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously for lower limbs involving a bending of the knee and hip joints simultaneously
    • A63B23/0464—Walk exercisers without moving parts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B5/00—Apparatus for jumping
    • A63B5/20—Skipping-ropes or similar devices rotating in a vertical plane
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B71/00—Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00
    • A63B71/02—Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00 for large-room or outdoor sporting games
    • A63B71/03—Athletic drills or obstacles for sport training, other than foot obstacles for skipping
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C1/00—Ladders in general
    • E06C1/02—Ladders in general with rigid longitudinal member or members
    • E06C1/04—Ladders for resting against objects, e.g. walls poles, trees
    • E06C1/08—Ladders for resting against objects, e.g. walls poles, trees multi-part
    • E06C1/12—Ladders for resting against objects, e.g. walls poles, trees multi-part extensible, e.g. telescopic
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C1/00—Ladders in general
    • E06C1/52—Ladders in general with non-rigid longitudinal members
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
    • A61F2007/0087—Hand-held applicators
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
    • A61F7/10—Cooling bags, e.g. ice-bags
    • A61F2007/108—Cold packs, i.e. devices to be cooled or frozen in refrigerator or freezing compartment
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H15/00—Massage by means of rollers, balls, e.g. inflatable, chains, or roller chains
    • A61H2015/0007—Massage by means of rollers, balls, e.g. inflatable, chains, or roller chains with balls or rollers rotating about their own axis
    • A61H2015/0042—Balls or spheres
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H15/00—Massage by means of rollers, balls, e.g. inflatable, chains, or roller chains
    • A61H2015/0064—Massage by means of rollers, balls, e.g. inflatable, chains, or roller chains with freely rotating spheres
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H2201/00—Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
    • A61H2201/01—Constructive details
    • A61H2201/0119—Support for the device
    • A61H2201/0153—Support for the device hand-held
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H2201/00—Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
    • A61H2201/02—Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes heated or cooled
    • A61H2201/0214—Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes heated or cooled cooled
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H2201/00—Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
    • A61H2201/02—Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes heated or cooled
    • A61H2201/0221—Mechanism for heating or cooling
    • A61H2201/0257—Mechanism for heating or cooling by a heat accumulator, e.g. a sand or liquid reservoir
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B22/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements
    • A63B2022/0092—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements for training agility or co-ordination of movements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2210/00—Space saving
    • A63B2210/50—Size reducing arrangements for stowing or transport

Definitions

  • Agility ladders are used to improve speed and agility.
  • an agility ladder has lateral rungs attached to left and right side strips of webbing.
  • the rungs are often plastic tubes, rods or strips.
  • the agility ladder forms a column of open boxes or spaces.
  • the user's objective is to run, jump or hop through the ladder using a predetermined pattern of foot placement.
  • an agility ladder has a plurality of rungs.
  • a left link assembly has ends pivotally attached to left ends of first and second rungs, and a right link assembly has ends pivotally attached to right ends of the first and second rungs.
  • the left and right link assemblies each include first and second links joined at a link pivot joint which keeps the links in an under center position, so that the links do not become precisely parallel when the ladder is deployed.
  • Fig. 1 is a top perspective view of an agility ladder in the deployed position and ready for use.
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of the agility ladder as shown in Fig. 1 .
  • Fig. 3 is a plan view of the agility ladder of Fig. 1 in an intermediate position between the deployed position shown in Fig. 1 and a folded or collapsed position.
  • Fig. 4 is a bottom view of the agility ladder as it is shown in Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 5 is a plan view of the agility ladder of Figs. 1 -4 now shown in the folded position.
  • Fig. 6 is a bottom view of the agility ladder as it is shown in Fig. 5.
  • Fig. 7 is an enlarged bottom perspective view of the agility ladder in the deployed position.
  • Fig. 8 is an enlarged bottom perspective view of a rung pivot joint.
  • Fig. 9 is a left side perspective view of the agility ladder section shown in Fig. 8.
  • Fig. 10 is a right side perspective view of the agility ladder section shown in Fig. 8.
  • Fig. 1 1 is a bottom perspective view of a link pivot joint.
  • Fig. 12 is a plan view of the link pivot joint shown in Fig. 1 1 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • an agility ladder 20 includes lateral rungs 22 pivotally connected via folding longitudinal link assemblies 28.
  • Each link assembly 28 includes two links 24, with the inner ends 25 of the links joined to each other at a link pivot join 32, and with the outer end 27 of each link joined to a rung 22 via a rung pivot joint 30.
  • the rung 22 may have a flat bottom surface so that the rung lays flat on the ground. Referring to Fig. 7, substantially the entire length of the rung 22 may be continuous and flat, or the rung may have one or more solid flat bottom sections 40 and ribs 44 and recesses 46. These features may be molded into the rung during manufacture if the rung is made of a plastic material. The bottom surface of each rung may lay in a common plane.
  • the outer ends 27 of adjacent links 24 are pivotally attached onto the bottom surface of the rung 22 at the left and right ends of the rung via a rung pivot joint 30.
  • the rung pivot joint 30, in the example shown may have a pivot post 60 on the rung projecting through holes in the outer ends of the links, with a post head 64 retaining the links onto the pivot post 60, optionally with a washer 62 between them.
  • a ribs 44 may be provided between the recesses and parallel to the edges 48 of the rung 22.
  • the edges 48 may be rounded or angled to better avoid interfering with the user's feet.
  • Fig. 5 shows a design where the edges 48 are angled.
  • the top surface of the rung may be flat or curved.
  • the left and right ends of the rung 22 may formed as a solid end block 56 to better support the pivot post 60.
  • the inner and outer ends of the links 24 may be rounded or chamfered.
  • a first fitting 34 may be provided on the right end of the rung, and a second complimentary fitting 36 provided on the left end of the rung 22.
  • the fittings are complimentary in that they are designed to engage with or into each other. In the example shown, the fittings are a hook and a bar, respectively. Where two or more agility ladders 20 are used side-by-side to form two or more columns, the fittings allow adjacent ladders 20 to be attached to each other.
  • various other types of fittings may equivalently be used, such as snaps, pins, interlocking tabs, etc.
  • the link pivot joint 32 is designed so that the link assembly 28 can only fold inwardly as shown in Fig. 3, and not outwardly.
  • the link pivot joint 32 is also designed to maintain the two links 24 of the link assembly 28 at an angle less than 180 degrees.
  • the angle between the links 24 is limited to about 165-175 degrees, and a maximum of 179 degrees. Consequently, with the agility ladder fully deployed, there is still a slight angle between the links, as shown in exaggerated form in Fig. 7 for purpose of illustration.
  • each link pivot joint 32 both links can pivot freely, and at each rung pivot joint 30, each link and the rung can pivot freely. Consequently, pivoting movement of any link or rung does not transmit torque to any other link or rung.
  • All links may have the same length, and may also be the same part. Generally the link length may be 40 or 45 to 48 or 49 % of the rung length. Longer links allows for increased range of spacing between rungs.
  • the links and rungs may be a resilient flexible material, such as plastic, with a thickness of 2-5 mm.
  • the link pivot joint 32 may include a pivot pin 72 on a first or overlying link extending through a hole in the a second or underlying link, with a pin head 74 retaining the second link onto the pivot pin 72, and to form a pivoting connection between the first and second links.
  • a curved lug 78 on the first link may project into an arcuate slot 76 in the second link, with the lug 78 bottoming out at the end of the slot 76 at the limit of travel.
  • the agility ladder 20 may be stored or transported in the folded position shown in Figs. 5 and 6. In this position the rungs may be touching each other, or only minimally spaced apart.
  • the length of the agility ladder 20 when folded is the sum of the combined width of each rung. In most designs, the agility ladder 20 has 4 to 10 rungs, with designs having 5, 6 or 7 rungs most often used. For an agility ladder having 6 rungs as in Figs. 1 -3, and a rung width of 5 cm, the length of the agility ladder 20 in the folded position is 30 cm.
  • the thickness or height of the agility ladder may range from about 6 to 20 mm.
  • the width of the agility ladder is the length of the rungs 22. As a result in the folded position the agility ladder is highly compact. As shown in Fig. 6, in the folded position the inner ends of the links 24 may be minimally spaced apart, e.g., by 1 -10 mm.
  • the agility ladder 20 may be deployed by pulling the end rungs 22 away from each other.
  • Each of the link assemblies acts independently of the other link assemblies. Consequently, the ladder may optionally be deployed on a curve, with the rungs forming acute angles rather than being parallel. In this configuration the ladder may form non-parallelogram shaped spaces. For example, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 7, a triangle may be formed between adjacent rungs. In addition, any adjacent rungs may be left together with no space formed between them, with non-adjacent rungs forming squares or other shapes. Stakes may optionally be used to secure the ladder onto the ground.
  • the ladder may optionally be used in a non-fully deployed position as shown in Fig. 3, to provide smaller foot target spaces.
  • the ladder may be refolded by pushing the end rungs towards each other.
  • the link pivot joint 32 insures that the link assemblies 28 remain in an under center configuration so that they fold inwardly when the ladder is folded or collapsed.
  • Complementary means that the first fitting is designed to engage with the second fitting, to allow two ladders side-by-side to be attached to each other.
  • Substantially parallel means parallel to within 5 degrees or less.
  • Substantially touching each other means actually touching or spaced apart by less than 5 mm.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Rehabilitation Therapy (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
  • Ladders (AREA)
PCT/US2015/015265 2014-02-13 2015-02-10 Agility ladder Ceased WO2015123218A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15749452.7A EP3105402A4 (en) 2014-02-13 2015-02-10 Agility ladder
JP2016551317A JP6462707B2 (ja) 2014-02-13 2015-02-10 アジリティラダー

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201461939553P 2014-02-13 2014-02-13
US61/939,553 2014-02-13
US14/459,744 2014-08-14
US14/459,744 US9675830B2 (en) 2014-02-13 2014-08-14 Agility ladder

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015123218A1 true WO2015123218A1 (en) 2015-08-20

Family

ID=59077768

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2015/015265 Ceased WO2015123218A1 (en) 2014-02-13 2015-02-10 Agility ladder

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (2) US9675830B2 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
EP (1) EP3105402A4 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
JP (1) JP6462707B2 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
WO (1) WO2015123218A1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)

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US20150099609A1 (en) * 2013-08-31 2015-04-09 Truefit, Llc Agility training apparatus and method of agility training
TWM515401U (zh) * 2015-09-16 2016-01-11 Yi-Ni Wu 步伐訓練裝置
US10369402B2 (en) * 2016-09-01 2019-08-06 Prism Fitness, Inc. Modular agility ladder
WO2018094274A1 (en) * 2016-11-18 2018-05-24 Quick Play Sport Llc Sports training ladder and hurdle
USD843500S1 (en) * 2017-01-11 2019-03-19 Kristopher Barr Exercise device
USD875854S1 (en) * 2017-08-31 2020-02-18 Gerald D. Taylor Portable fitness apparatus
US10603547B2 (en) * 2017-12-07 2020-03-31 Chi-Kun Hsu Sport training structure
CN107998635B (zh) * 2018-01-25 2023-01-03 桂林格物电子科技有限责任公司 一种智能足球步伐训练系统及方法
US11154739B2 (en) * 2018-06-16 2021-10-26 Louis Robert Kistner Plyometric exercise ladder
US10843023B1 (en) * 2019-04-09 2020-11-24 Anthony Abelardo Exercise and stretching device
CN111202950A (zh) * 2020-02-19 2020-05-29 东莞市护康健康管理有限公司 一种折叠式的双向医疗康复训练阶梯
CN113018811A (zh) * 2021-04-28 2021-06-25 榆林学院 一种足球训练的步伐移动训练装置
US12201886B2 (en) * 2021-11-19 2025-01-21 Dick's Sporting Goods, Inc. Hybrid fitness ladder
US12011646B2 (en) * 2022-01-31 2024-06-18 John Andrew Wells Multi-directional expandable modular exercise ladder
CN117814605A (zh) 2022-10-03 2024-04-05 托马斯·G·B·莫瑞 可折叠的阶梯凳

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US20170246523A1 (en) 2017-08-31
EP3105402A1 (en) 2016-12-21
EP3105402A4 (en) 2017-11-29
US9675830B2 (en) 2017-06-13
US20150224379A1 (en) 2015-08-13
JP2017508513A (ja) 2017-03-30
JP6462707B2 (ja) 2019-01-30

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