WO2015114986A1

WO2015114986A1 - Carbon dioxide application apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2015114986A1
Application number: PCT/JP2014/083595
Authority: WO
Inventors: 丹羽　祐治
Original assignee: フタバ産業株式会社
Priority date: 2014-01-31
Filing date: 2014-12-18
Publication date: 2015-08-06
Also published as: JP2015142531A; KR20160062087A; JP6266989B2; KR101788494B1

Abstract

In this carbon dioxide application apparatus, a heat exchanger (30) cools a combustion exhaust gas which is flowing in a first flow path (21) on the upstream side of a water storage tank (40). In the water storage tank (40), an aqueous calcium solution is stored inside and the combustion exhaust gas is to be passed in the form of bubbles through the aqueous calcium solution.

Description

Carbon dioxide application equipment

The present invention relates to a carbon dioxide application device that recovers carbon dioxide contained in combustion exhaust gas and supplies the carbon dioxide into an agricultural house.

As is well known, in an agricultural house (greenhouse), the air in the agricultural house is heated using a warming machine so that the temperature does not drop at night and the growth of horticultural plants is not hindered. Yes. This warming machine supplies combustion heat generated by burning heavy oil, kerosene, etc. into an agricultural house as warm air.

On the other hand, in order to improve the yield and quality of horticultural plants, carbon dioxide application devices that supply (apply) carbon dioxide necessary for photosynthesis into agricultural houses have been developed and are widely used. This carbon dioxide application device generates carbon dioxide by burning heavy oil, kerosene, and the like, and supplies the carbon dioxide to horticultural plants in an agricultural house.

Patent Document 1 below describes a carbon dioxide application device that collects and stores carbon dioxide contained in combustion exhaust gas discharged from a heater at night, and supplies the carbon dioxide to garden plants during the day. Yes. Carbon dioxide is collected and stored by adsorbing carbon dioxide using an adsorbent such as zeolite.

If the high-temperature (about 300 ° C.) combustion exhaust gas discharged from the warmer is directly supplied to the adsorbent, the adsorbent may be damaged by the heat of the combustion exhaust gas, and the adsorption function may not be exhibited. For this reason, in the carbon dioxide application device described in Patent Document 1 below, combustion exhaust gas is supplied to the stored water, bubbled to allow the stored water to pass (bubbling), and then supplied to the adsorbent. The combustion exhaust gas is deprived of heat by passing through the stored water, and the temperature is lowered, so that damage to the adsorbent can be prevented.

JP 2012-016322 A JP 2010-214303 A

On the other hand, Patent Document 2 describes that carbon dioxide in combustion exhaust gas is precipitated as calcium carbonate by supplying combustion exhaust gas into the stored calcium aqueous solution. Patent Document 2 describes that the calcium carbonate thus obtained can be used as a fertilizer.

Therefore, the inventor of the present application enables the generation of fertilizer at the same time as preventing damage to the adsorbent by making the stored water supplied with combustion exhaust gas into a calcium aqueous solution in the carbon dioxide application device described in Patent Document 1 above. Various studies were carried out. However, there has been a problem that it is difficult to stably produce fertilizer in the stored water because the stored water that has become hot due to the supply of combustion exhaust gas boils or a steam explosion occurs.

This invention is made | formed in view of such a subject, The objective is the carbon dioxide application apparatus which can produce | generate a fertilizer stably, suppressing the damage of the adsorbent by the heat | fever of combustion exhaust gas. It is to provide.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, a carbon dioxide application device according to the present invention is a carbon dioxide application device that recovers carbon dioxide contained in combustion exhaust gas and supplies the carbon dioxide into an agricultural house. Combustion device for burning and discharging combustion exhaust gas, water storage tank for storing calcium aqueous solution inside, making combustion exhaust gas into bubbles and passing through the calcium aqueous solution, and adsorbent for adsorbing carbon dioxide contained in combustion exhaust gas A first flow path for flowing the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the combustion device to the storage tank, a second flow path for flowing the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the inside of the water storage tank to the adsorbent, and the combustion exhaust gas A gas cooling device for cooling the combustion exhaust gas, wherein the gas cooling device cools the combustion exhaust gas flowing through the first flow path upstream of the water storage tank. That.

According to the carbon dioxide application device of the present invention, the high-temperature combustion exhaust gas discharged from the combustion device and flowing through the first flow path is cooled by the gas cooling device and then supplied to the water storage tank, so that the temperature is lowered. It is possible to pass through the calcium aqueous solution in a state of being allowed to enter. Therefore, it is possible to prevent boiling of the calcium aqueous solution and steam explosion and stably generate calcium carbonate or the like that can be used as a fertilizer in the calcium aqueous solution.

The combustion exhaust gas cooled by the gas cooling device may be a high-humidity gas containing white smoke-like water vapor because the temperature decreases while the relative humidity increases. If such combustion exhaust gas is supplied as it is to the adsorbent, moisture aggregates in the adsorbent, and carbon dioxide may not be properly adsorbed.

However, according to the carbon dioxide application apparatus according to the present invention, the water vapor in the combustion exhaust gas is removed by passing through the calcium aqueous solution and is supplied to the adsorbent in a state where the relative humidity is lowered. It becomes possible to suppress the aggregation of moisture and appropriately perform the adsorption of carbon dioxide.

In the carbon dioxide application apparatus according to the present invention, it is also preferable that a blower for pumping combustion exhaust gas downstream is disposed in the second flow path upstream of the adsorbent.

In this preferred embodiment, the combustion exhaust gas flowing through the second flow path upstream of the adsorbent is heated by the blower during operation, and the temperature rises, thereby lowering the relative humidity. Therefore, it is possible to further suppress the aggregation of water in the adsorbent and to appropriately adsorb carbon dioxide.

In the carbon dioxide application device according to the present invention, the gas cooling device is preferably a heat exchanger that performs heat exchange between the combustion exhaust gas and the refrigerant.

In this preferred embodiment, the amount of heat exchanged between the combustion exhaust gas and the refrigerant is adjusted by adjusting the flow rate of refrigerant (amount of refrigerant flowing per unit time) in the heat exchanger. The temperature can be adjusted.

For example, when using activated carbon as an adsorbent, when supplying adsorbed carbon dioxide to a horticultural plant, it is common to desorb carbon dioxide by heating the activated carbon to a higher temperature than during adsorption. It is. In the preferred form, the flow rate of the refrigerant is increased during adsorption to promote heat exchange with the flue gas, and the temperature of the flue gas supplied to the activated carbon is lowered, while the flow rate of the refrigerant is decreased during desorption. By suppressing heat exchange with the combustion exhaust gas and increasing the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas supplied to the activated carbon, it becomes possible to adjust the temperature of the activated carbon to be appropriate for both adsorption and desorption.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a carbon dioxide application device capable of stably producing fertilizer while suppressing damage to the adsorbent due to the heat of combustion exhaust gas.

1 is an overall view illustrating a schematic configuration of a carbon dioxide application device according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram showing the inside of a water storage tank.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In order to facilitate understanding, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals as much as possible in the drawings, and redundant description is omitted.

First, an outline of a carbon dioxide application device will be described with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. FIG. 1 is an overall view showing a schematic configuration of a carbon dioxide application device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the inside of the water storage tank 40.

As shown in FIG. 1, the carbon dioxide application device 100 includes a warmer 10, a first pipe 20, a heat exchanger 30, a water storage tank 40, a second pipe 50, a blower 60, and carbon dioxide adsorption. A tank 70 and a third pipe 80 are provided. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 1, the carbon dioxide application device 100 is accommodated in the agricultural house 2.

The warming machine 10 is a combustion device that burns fuel such as heavy oil and kerosene, and prevents the growth of horticultural plants from being hindered by excessively low temperatures in the agricultural house 2 at night. Supply warm air in 2. A chimney 12 is connected to the warmer 10, and combustion exhaust gas generated by combustion is discharged through the chimney 12. A first pipe 20 is connected to the chimney 12 via a combustion exhaust gas amount adjustment valve V. The first pipe 20 has a first flow path 21 inside, and the combustion exhaust gas amount adjusting valve V is controlled by a control device (not shown) so that the combustion exhaust gas is discharged from the chimney 12 and the combustion. The state where the exhaust gas is supplied to the first flow path 21 is switched.

The first pipe 20 is a pipe connected to the chimney 12 and the water storage tank 40. The first flow path 21 included in the first pipe 20 is a flow path for flowing the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the warmer 10 to the water storage tank 40.

The heat exchanger 30 is a device that cools the combustion exhaust gas flowing through the first flow path 21, and includes a core 31, a cooling water tank 33, and a pipe 34. The core 31 has a flow path formed therein, and is disposed in the first flow path 21 upstream of the water storage tank 40. Cooling water (refrigerant) supplied via the pipe 34 flows through the flow path inside the core 31 and circulates between the cooling water tank 33 and the high-temperature combustion exhaust gas flowing outside the core 31. Heat exchange between them.

The water storage tank 40 is a device that passes combustion exhaust gas in the form of bubbles and passes through the stored water, and generates fertilizer. As shown in FIG. 2, the tank body 41, the wire mesh 42, the discharge valve 43, and the water level adjustment And a pipe 44.

The tank body 41 is a hollow container, and the inside thereof is partitioned vertically by a mesh-like wire mesh 42. The tank body 41 is a container that can take various forms such as a substantially cylindrical shape or a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. A plurality of oyster shells S are placed on the upper surface of the wire mesh 42, and water W1 is stored inside the tank body 41 until the water level at which the oyster shells S are immersed is reached. For this reason, the calcium component contained in the oyster shell S is eluted in the water W1, and the water W1 is a calcium aqueous solution. Inside the tank main body 41, the 1st piping 20 is inserted so that the top plate 41a and the metal net 42 may be penetrated, and the edge part 20a of the 1st piping 20 is arrange | positioned in the water W1.

The discharge valve 43 is a valve device provided at the bottom of the tank body 41. By opening the discharge valve 43, sediment or the like at the bottom of the tank body 41 can be discharged out of the tank body 41.

The water level adjusting pipe 44 is a tubular member having an inverted U shape, and one end 44 a thereof is connected to the bottom of the tank body 41. When the amount of water W1 in the tank main body 41 increases and exceeds a predetermined water level, the excess water W2 climbs over the top 44b of the water level adjusting pipe 44 and goes out of the tank main body 41 from the opened other end 44c. Discharged. Thereby, the water W1 in the tank body 41 is maintained at a predetermined water level in which the oyster shell S is immersed.

The second pipe 50 is a pipe connected to the water storage tank 40 and the carbon dioxide adsorption tank 70. The second flow path 51 included in the second pipe 50 is a flow path for flowing the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the inside of the water storage tank 40 to the carbon dioxide adsorption tank 70. As shown in FIG. 1, a blower 60 is disposed in the second flow path 51. When the fan 62 is rotated by the electric motor 61, the blower 60 sucks combustion exhaust gas from the water storage tank 40 side and pumps it toward the carbon dioxide adsorption tank 70 side.

The carbon dioxide adsorption tank 70 is connected to the second pipe 50 on the downstream side of the blower 60, and activated carbon (adsorbent) (not shown) is accommodated therein. The activated carbon stores carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide adsorption tank 70 by adsorbing carbon dioxide contained in the combustion exhaust gas in a large number of pores provided on the surface thereof. The combustion exhaust gas from which part or all of the carbon dioxide has been removed by the activated carbon in the carbon dioxide adsorption tank 70 is discharged through a third pipe 80 connected to the carbon dioxide adsorption tank 70.

In this embodiment, activated carbon is used as the adsorbent, but other materials may be used as long as they have a function of adsorbing and storing carbon dioxide contained in the combustion exhaust gas. For example, hydrophilic materials such as zeolite are used. A porous porous material may be used.

The carbon dioxide application apparatus 100 having the above configuration supplies hot air into the agricultural house 2 at night when the temperature in the agricultural house 2 decreases, and adsorbs carbon dioxide on the activated carbon in the carbon dioxide adsorption tank 70. Do. Hereinafter, carbon dioxide adsorption and fertilizer generation performed in the carbon dioxide application apparatus 100 will be described.

In this case, the warming machine 10 and the blower 60 are operated in a state in which the combustion exhaust gas amount adjusting valve V is adjusted so that the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the warming machine 10 flows to the first flow path 21 side. The combustion exhaust gas supplied from the warmer 10 to the first flow path 21 is cooled by exchanging heat with cooling water when passing through the core 31 of the heat exchanger 30. At this time, the flow rate of the refrigerant circulating between the core 31 and the cooling water tank 33 via the pipe 34 (the amount of refrigerant flowing per unit time) is set to be relatively large in order to promote the heat exchange. Yes. The combustion exhaust gas cooled by the heat exchanger 30 becomes a high-humidity gas containing white smoke-like water vapor because the relative humidity increases while the temperature decreases.

The combustion exhaust gas that has passed through the core 31 of the heat exchanger 30 further flows through the first flow path 21 and is supplied to the water storage tank 40. Specifically, as shown by an arrow A1 in FIG. 2, the combustion exhaust gas flowing through the first flow path 21 and reaching the water storage tank 40 is supplied from the end 20a of the first pipe 20 into the water W1, and the bubbles B It becomes.

The combustion exhaust gas (bubbles B) supplied into the water W1 rises in the water W1 due to buoyancy, passes through the wire mesh 42, and exits from the surface of the water W1. By passing the combustion exhaust gas (bubbles B), the water W1 on the surface of the oyster shell S placed on the wire mesh 42 is agitated, so that the elution of the calcium component contained in the oyster shell S is promoted. The combustion exhaust gas that has come out of the surface of the water W1 is discharged out of the water storage tank 40 through the second flow path 51 of the second pipe 50 connected to the tank body 41, as represented by the arrow A2.

As described above, when the combustion exhaust gas is bubbled and passed through the water W1, the carbon dioxide contained in the combustion exhaust gas is combined with the calcium in the water W1, and calcium carbonate is deposited.

Moreover, by making the combustion exhaust gas into a bubble and passing it through the water W1, harmful substances such as sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides contained in the combustion exhaust gas are removed, and the combustion exhaust gas is discharged in a detoxified state. Is done. These harmful substances combine with calcium in the water W1 to generate calcium sulfate and calcium nitrate.

Further, the flue gas that has been cooled by the heat exchanger 30 and has become a high-humidity gas containing white smoke-like water vapor passes through the water W1 and is discharged in a state in which the water vapor is removed and the relative humidity is lowered. The

Calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate generated in the water W1 can be taken out of the tank body 41 mainly by opening the discharge valve 43. In addition, since water vapor is removed from the combustion exhaust gas by the water W1, the water level of the water W1 rises and the water W2 is discharged by the water level adjusting pipe 44, so that the calcium nitrate is mainly discharged from the tank body 41 together with the water W2. To be taken out. The calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, and calcium nitrate thus obtained can be used as a fertilizer that promotes the growth of garden plants.

Moreover, since the high-temperature combustion exhaust gas discharged from the warmer 10 and flowing through the first flow path 21 is cooled by the heat exchanger 30 and then supplied to the water storage tank 40, the water is kept in a state where the temperature is lowered. It can pass through W1. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the water W1 from boiling and steam explosion and to stably generate calcium carbonate or the like that can be used as fertilizer in the water W1.

The combustion exhaust gas discharged from the inside of the water storage tank 40 flows into the second flow path 51 inside the second pipe 50. The combustion exhaust gas flowing into the second flow path 51 is sucked by the blower 60, passes through the blower 60, and is pumped downstream.

Here, the electric motor 61 of the blower 60 is at a high temperature due to Joule heat generated during operation. For this reason, the combustion exhaust gas that passes through the blower 60 receives heat from the electric motor 61, the temperature rises, and the relative humidity decreases.

The combustion exhaust gas fed by the blower 60 further flows through the second flow path 51 and is supplied to the carbon dioxide adsorption tank 70. When the combustion exhaust gas passes through the activated carbon accommodated in the carbon dioxide adsorption tank 70, the carbon dioxide contained in the combustion exhaust gas is adsorbed by the activated carbon and stored in the carbon dioxide adsorption tank 70.

The combustion exhaust gas supplied to the carbon dioxide adsorption tank 70 is cooled by the heat exchanger 30 on the upstream side, and the temperature is lowered. Therefore, the activated carbon can be prevented from being damaged by the heat of the combustion exhaust gas.

Further, as described above, the combustion exhaust gas becomes a high-humidity gas containing white smoke-like water vapor when cooled by the heat exchanger 30, but the combustion exhaust gas is then bubbled and passed through the water W1. The water vapor is removed. Therefore, the relative humidity of the combustion exhaust gas supplied to the carbon dioxide adsorption tank 70 is lowered, thereby suppressing the aggregation of moisture in the adsorbent and allowing carbon dioxide to be appropriately adsorbed.

Furthermore, the combustion exhaust gas flowing through the second flow path 51 upstream of the carbon dioxide adsorption tank 70 is heated by the blower 60 during operation, and the temperature rises, so that the relative humidity is lowered. Therefore, it is possible to further suppress the aggregation of moisture in the activated carbon and appropriately perform the adsorption of carbon dioxide.

As described above, the carbon dioxide stored in the carbon dioxide adsorption tank 70 is supplied to the garden plants in the daytime in order to promote the photosynthesis of the garden plants in the agricultural house 2. Hereinafter, the supply of carbon dioxide to the garden plant will be described.

In order to discharge carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide adsorption tank 70, it is necessary to desorb the carbon dioxide adsorbed on the activated carbon. In this case, the warming machine 10 and the blower 60 are operated in a state where the combustion exhaust gas amount adjustment valve V is adjusted so that the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the warming machine 10 flows to the first flow path 21 side.

The combustion exhaust gas supplied from the warmer 10 to the first flow path 21 passes through the core 31 of the heat exchanger 30. At this time, the refrigerant flowing in the core 31 suppresses heat exchange with the combustion exhaust gas by setting the flow rate to be relatively small or zero. As a result, the combustion exhaust gas is slightly cooled by the heat exchanger or is not cooled, and further flows through the first flow path 21 while maintaining a high temperature, and passes through the water storage tank 40 and the second flow path 51, and the carbon dioxide adsorption tank. 70 is supplied to the inside.

The temperature of the activated carbon inside the carbon dioxide adsorption tank 70 rises as high-temperature combustion exhaust gas passes through. For this reason, the temperature of the carbon dioxide adsorbed on the activated carbon also rises and the molecular motion becomes active, so that it is desorbed from the activated carbon and discharged from the carbon dioxide adsorption tank 70. The discharged carbon dioxide is supplied to the horticultural plant in the agricultural house 2 through the third pipe 80 and used for photosynthesis.

As described above, the amount of heat exchanged between the combustion exhaust gas and the refrigerant is adjusted by adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant in the heat exchanger 30, and as a result, the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas can be adjusted. Become. That is, when carbon dioxide is supplied to the horticultural plant, although the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas cooled by the heat exchanger 30 does not damage the activated carbon by the heat, the activated carbon is sufficiently heated to promote desorption of carbon dioxide. It is adjusted to the extent that it can.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to specific examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these specific examples. In other words, those specific examples that have been appropriately modified by those skilled in the art are also included in the scope of the present invention as long as they have the characteristics of the present invention. For example, the elements included in each of the specific examples described above and their arrangement, materials, conditions, shapes, sizes, and the like are not limited to those illustrated, but can be changed as appropriate. Moreover, each element with which each embodiment mentioned above is provided can be combined as long as technically possible, and the combination of these is also included in the scope of the present invention as long as it includes the features of the present invention.

2: Agricultural house 10: Heater (combustion device)
21: 1st flow path 30: Heat exchanger (gas cooling device)
40: Water storage tank 51: Second flow path 60: Blower 70: Carbon dioxide adsorption tank S: Oyster shell W1: Water

Claims

A carbon dioxide application device that recovers carbon dioxide contained in combustion exhaust gas and supplies the carbon dioxide into an agricultural house,
A combustion device for combusting fuel and discharging combustion exhaust gas;
A water storage tank that stores an aqueous calcium solution therein and allows the combustion exhaust gas to form bubbles and pass through the aqueous calcium solution;
An adsorbent that adsorbs carbon dioxide contained in combustion exhaust gas;
A first flow path for flowing combustion exhaust gas discharged from the combustion device to the storage tank;
A second flow path for flowing combustion exhaust gas discharged from the inside of the water storage tank to the adsorbent;
A gas cooling device for cooling the combustion exhaust gas,
The carbon dioxide application device, wherein the gas cooling device cools the combustion exhaust gas flowing through the first flow path upstream of the water storage tank.
The carbon dioxide application device according to claim 1, wherein a blower for pumping combustion exhaust gas downstream is disposed in the second flow path upstream of the adsorbent.
The carbon dioxide application device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the gas cooling device is a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the combustion exhaust gas and the refrigerant.