JP7026477B2 - Integrated environmental control system for horticultural house and house heating method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an integrated environmental control system that integrally adjusts the environment in a facility horticultural house in which crops are cultivated, and a house heating method using the integrated environmental control system.

In a facility horticultural house composed of vinyl sheets (hereinafter, simply referred to as a house), the inside of the house is heated in winter to carry out forcing cultivation. The most widely used method for heating a house is a heating method using an interheat type by burning heavy oil. The interheat type is different from the method of burning heavy oil to directly heat the air in the house, and heat exchange is performed between the exhaust gas generated by burning the heavy oil and the air in the house, and heat exchange is performed. This is a method of returning the heated air to the house as warm air.

Since the exhaust gas generated by burning heavy oil contains toxic substances, the above-mentioned indirect type heating method employs a configuration in which the exhaust gas after heat exchange is forcibly discharged to the outside of the house. Discharging the exhaust gas to the outside of the house causes the heat energy of the exhaust gas contained in the exhaust gas to be discarded to the outside, resulting in heat loss. Although technology has been developed to minimize the heat loss caused by discarding the exhaust heat, the exhaust gas is still often discharged to the outside of the house.

House heating technology using heavy oil is an almost established technology, but on the other hand, rapid fluctuations in the price of heavy oil used as fuel, pollution by exhaust gas, and carbon dioxide contained in exhaust gas are used in the house. There are still challenges in doing so. The heating method using heavy oil simply to obtain the temperature inside the house is a wasteful heating method and is an outdated heating method.

In recent years, a farming method has been proposed in which carbon dioxide is artificially produced using kerosene or the like as fuel, and carbon dioxide consumed during photosynthesis is supplied to the house. It is possible to use carbon dioxide generated by microorganisms that live in soil, etc., but in order to secure the carbon dioxide required for photosynthesis, it is necessary to supply artificially created carbon dioxide into the house. Become.

As a device for supplying artificially created carbon dioxide into a house, a carbon dioxide supply device (see Patent Document 1) and the like have been proposed. The carbon dioxide supply device 60 described in Patent Document 1 has the configuration shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 6, the carbon dioxide supply device 60 is configured to include a combustion device 61, a secondary heat exchanger 62, a heat-driven refrigerator 63, and an endothermic heat exchanger 64. Then, the exhaust heat of the exhaust gas generated when the combustion device 61 is burned is exchanged by the secondary heat exchanger 62 to generate hot water, and the generated hot water is supplied to the heat-driven refrigerator 63. The heat-driven refrigerator 63 uses the supplied hot water as an energy source to generate cold water.

Then, cold water is supplied to the endothermic heat exchanger 64 to cool the exhaust gas containing carbon dioxide generated in the combustion device 61. The cooled exhaust gas is supplied directly to the plants in the house. The cold water heated by the endothermic heat exchanger 64 is supplied to the heat-driven refrigerator 63 to be cooled, and becomes cold water supplied to the endothermic heat exchanger 64.

Republished 2014-010561

The carbon dioxide supply device 60 described in the cited document 1 has a configuration in which the heat generated in the combustion device 61 is once converted into hot water, and the exhaust gas containing carbon dioxide is cooled by using the cold water generated by using the hot water. It has become. Therefore, the energy loss becomes large, and the combustion efficiency in the combustion device 61 is poor.

In addition, in order for plants in the house to perform photosynthesis using carbon dioxide, the saturation (difference between the humidity in the house and the saturated water vapor amount at the temperature in the house) must be 3 to 6 g / m ³ . However, in the carbon dioxide supply device 60 described in Cited Document 1, only carbon dioxide is directly supplied to the plant, and this saturation has not been examined at all.

The saturation difference will be briefly described below with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram in which the temperature (air temperature) is described in the vertical direction, the relative humidity is described in the horizontal direction, and the saturation value is shown at the intersection of the temperature and the relative humidity. The area surrounded by a straight line and colored is a range that roughly indicates that the saturation difference is in an appropriate range of 3 to 6 g / m ³ . FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically explaining a state in which photosynthesis of plants is performed.

When the plant 40 planted in the soil 48 evaporates water 51 from the pores 42 of the leaf 40c, it sucks water 47a and nutrients 47b from the root 40a through the stem 40b to the leaf 40c in order to replenish the evaporated water 51. .. The amount of water evaporating 51 from the leaves 40c is affected by the humidity and temperature in the house. When the relative humidity value at that time is high with respect to the temperature in the house, that is, when the saturation value is smaller than 3 g / m ³ , the amount of water vapor becomes close to the saturated water vapor amount, so that the leaves 40c evaporate 51. The amount of water is reduced, and the amount of water 47a and nutrient 47b sucked up from the root 40a is also reduced.

On the contrary, when the relative humidity value at the same temperature described above is low, that is, when the saturation value is larger than 6 g / m ³ , the leaf 40c is used to prevent the plant 40 itself from becoming too dry. Closes the stomata 42 and self-defenses against evaporation 51 of water from the leaves 40c. Even during self-defense, the amount of water 47a and nutrient 47b sucked up from the root 40a is small.

Evaporation of water from the leaves 40c when the relative humidity is appropriate for the temperature inside the house, that is, when the saturation value at this temperature is within the appropriate range of 3 to 6 g / m ³ . 51 becomes active, and the amount of water 47a and nutrient 47b sucked up from the root 40a increases. Then, when exposed to sunlight 49a from the sun 49, the absorption of carbon dioxide 50 becomes active, and photosynthesis 45 is promoted. The sugar 46 produced by photosynthesis is stored in the leaf 40c and supplied to the growth point 43.
As described above, in order for the absorption of carbon dioxide 50 to become active and the photosynthesis 45 to be promoted, it is necessary that the saturation difference is within an appropriate range of 3 to 6 g / m ³ .

As described above, the carbon dioxide supply device 60 described in Cited Document 1 supplies cooled exhaust gas into the house to raise the temperature in the house, and supplies carbon dioxide contained in the exhaust gas to plants. It is only composed. And nothing is mentioned about the saturation in the temperature inside the house. Therefore, when the saturation is not within the above-mentioned appropriate range, the plant is in a state where it is difficult to perform photosynthesis or a state in which photosynthesis cannot be performed at all.

Further, when the humidity in the facility horticultural house is close to 100%, the water content in the air in the house is close to the saturated water vapor amount, that is, the saturation value approaches 0 g / m ³ . Therefore, due to the temperature difference between the temperature inside the house and the temperature of the outside air, dew condensation occurs on the surface layer of the vinyl sheet constituting the facility horticultural house. The generated dew condensation becomes water droplets and drops, supplying excess water to the plant. Further, when the temperature inside the house rises and the dew condensation evaporates, heat is taken from the air inside the house to evaporate, and energy loss of the air warming the inside of the house occurs.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems and fundamentally changes the environmental control system of the facility horticultural house, can control the temperature inside the facility horticultural house, and prevents the occurrence of dew condensation. The purpose is to provide an integrated environmental control system for facility horticultural houses that can supply carbon dioxide into the facility horticultural house and keep the saturation within an appropriate range, and a house heating method using this integrated environmental control system. There is.

In order to achieve the above object, the integrated environmental control system of the facility gardening house according to the present invention includes a combustion device arranged in the facility gardening house and maintaining the temperature in the facility gardening house at a set temperature. , An exhaust duct that discharges the exhaust gas from the combustion device into the facility gardening house, an outside air introduction duct that introduces outside air into the facility gardening house, and the exhaust gas and the outside air introduction in the exhaust duct. Equipped with a heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the introduced outside air in the duct.
The exhaust port of the outside air introduction duct is characterized in that it is provided along the surface layer of the vinyl sheet constituting the facility gardening house in the facility gardening house.

Further, the house heating method according to the present invention is a house heating method using the integrated environmental control system of the facility gardening house according to the present invention, and is used in the facility gardening house in the facility gardening house. The exhaust gas discharged from the combustion device that maintains the temperature at the set temperature and the introduced outside air introduced from outside the facility gardening house are heat-exchanged by a heat exchanger, and the moisture from the exhaust gas dehumidified by the heat exchanger is exchanged. The step of discharging to the outside of the facility gardening house and the dry air generated by warming the introduced outside air by the heat exchanger are applied to the surface layer of the vinyl sheet constituting the facility gardening house in the facility gardening house. It is characterized by including a step of supplying along the same step and a step of supplying the entire amount of the exhaust gas dehumidified by the heat exchanger to a low temperature into the facility gardening house.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can fundamentally change the environmental control system of a facility horticultural house, which has been conventionally performed, and prevents the occurrence of dew condensation while controlling the temperature inside the facility horticultural house to install carbon dioxide. It can be supplied in the house, and the saturation can be kept within the appropriate range.

It is a schematic block diagram of an integrated environment control system. (Example 1) It is another schematic block diagram of the integrated environment control system. (Example 2) It is a schematic sectional drawing which showed the structural example of the automatic three-way cock. (Example 2) It is a graph which shows the value of the saturation difference corresponding to the air temperature and the relative humidity. (Explanatory drawing) It is explanatory drawing which shows the photosynthesis of a plant. (Explanatory drawing) It is a schematic block diagram of a carbon dioxide supply device. (Conventional example)

Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The integrated environmental control system for the facility gardening house and the house heating method according to the present invention are not limited to the configuration examples described below, but as the configuration of the integrated environmental control system for the facility gardening house according to the present invention. Can be implemented in various forms, and members can be replaced, changed, or the like within a range that does not deviate from the gist of the invention. The integrated environmental control system and the house heating method of the facility horticultural house configured by replacing or changing are included in the scope of rights of the present invention.

(Constitution)
The configuration of the integrated environmental control system 1 and the house heating method of the facility horticultural house according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The integrated environmental control system 1 of the facility horticultural house 2 (hereinafter, simply referred to as the house 2) is generated by the combustion device 4 and the combustion device 4 in the inside 30 of the house 2 configured by using the vinyl sheet 2a. In the exhaust duct 6 for guiding the exhaust gas, the outside air introduction duct 7 for introducing the outside air into the house 2, the first heat exchanger 10, the second heat exchanger 11, the temperature detection device 26, the humidity detection device 27, and the house 2. The structure is such that an air introduction duct 8 for introducing air into the exhaust duct 6 is arranged.

The combustion device 4 heats the air in the house 2 by exchanging heat between the combustion chamber 5 that burns using the supplied combustion air and fuel and the exhaust heat of the exhaust gas generated in the combustion chamber 5. The heat exchange chamber 21 is provided, the fan 20 for supplying the air in the house 2 to the heat exchange chamber 21, and the discharge port 22 for returning the air warmed in the heat exchange chamber 21 to the inside of the house 2. The exhaust gas generated in the combustion chamber 5 is discharged through the exhaust duct 6 connected to the combustion chamber 5.

The combustion chamber 5 is connected to a combustion air supply pipe 23 that supplies combustion air to the combustion chamber 5 and a fuel supply pipe 24 that supplies fuel. The combustion air supply pipe 23 may be configured to supply the air inside the house 2 or may be configured to supply outside air. Further, in the combustion chamber 5, a temperature detecting device 26 for detecting the temperature in the house 2 is connected via a connection cord 26a, and a humidity detecting device 27 for detecting the humidity in the house 2 connects the connection cord 27a. Connected via.

As the fuel supplied by the fuel supply pipe 24, a gas fuel such as natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) or a gas fuel using a gas reformed liquid fuel such as GTL (Gas to Liquids) is used. When heavy oil, kerosene, etc. are burned, the exhaust gas contains harmful substances, but gas fuels and gas-based fuels do not contain harmful substances in the exhaust gas after combustion.

Further, when the combustion control of the combustion chamber 5 is performed by ON-OFF control, incomplete combustion occurs at the time of ignition and at the time of extinguishing, and carbon monoxide is generated. Then, when burned using a fuel containing a harmful substance, soot or the like is generated.

In order to solve such a problem, the combustion control of the combustion chamber 5 is performed between the high temperature combustion state and the medium temperature combustion state and / or the low temperature combustion state based on the detection signals from the temperature detection device 26 and the humidity detection device 27. It is configured so that the combustion state can be switched. That is, as a control for maintaining the temperature in the house 2 at the set temperature, the control for switching from the combustion state to the fire extinguishing state, that is, the ON-OFF control, which is performed in the conventional combustion device, is the combustion in the combustion chamber 5. Not as a control. Instead of ON-OFF control, combustion control of the combustion chamber 5 is performed so that the combustion state is always maintained.

Then, by switching the combustion state in the combustion chamber 5, the saturation difference at the set temperature in the house 2 is maintained at 3 to 6 g / m ³ . The switching of the combustion state in the combustion chamber 5 is performed by adjusting the amount of combustion air supplied from the combustion air supply pipe 23 and the amount of fuel supplied from the fuel supply pipe 24 while relating them to each other.

The exhaust duct 6 is connected to the exhaust gas discharge port of the combustion chamber 5 and is connected to the first exhaust duct 6a and the first exhaust duct 6a piped in the heat exchange chamber 21, and is connected to the first heat exchanger. Exhaust gas that has been dehumidified and whose temperature has been lowered by heat exchange between the second exhaust duct 6b that introduces the exhaust gas into the 10 and the first heat exchanger 10 is taken out and exhausted into the second heat exchanger 11. It is composed of a third exhaust duct 6c for introducing gas and a fourth exhaust duct 6d for taking out exhaust gas which has been heat-exchanged by the second heat exchanger 11 and further dehumidified to reduce the temperature. The exhaust port 6e of the fourth exhaust duct 6d is connected to the exhaust port 22 for discharging the air warmed in the heat exchange chamber 21 into the house 2.

The first pump 12 is arranged in the fourth exhaust duct 6d. Exhaust gas is pumped into the exhaust duct 6, the first heat exchanger 10 and the second heat exchanger 11 by the first pump 12, and is discharged into the house 2 from the exhaust port 6e.

The outside air introduction duct 7 was heated by heat exchange between the first outside air introduction duct 7a, which sucks and takes in the outside air, and introduces the introduced outside air into the second heat exchanger 11, and the second heat exchanger 11. The introduced outside air is taken out and heat is exchanged between the second outside air introduction duct 7b for introducing the introduced outside air warmed into the first heat exchanger 10 and the first heat exchanger 10, and the further warmed introduced outside air is dried. It is composed of a third outside air introduction duct 7c taken out as air.

The discharge port 7d of the third outside air introduction duct 7c is formed in the surface layer of the vinyl sheet 2a constituting the house 2, particularly in a portion along the surface of the ceiling 3 where dew condensation is likely to occur.
The first outside air introduction duct 7a is configured as a pipeline connecting an air intake port arranged on the outside 31 of the house 2 and a second heat exchanger 11 arranged in the house 2.

The second pump 13 is arranged in the third outside air introduction duct 7c, and the introduced outside air is introduced in the outside air introduction duct 7 and in the second heat exchanger 11 and the first heat exchanger 10 by the second pump 13. Is pumped and discharged from the discharge port 7d along the surface layer of the vinyl sheet 2a constituting the house 2.

In the exhaust duct 6, the second exhaust duct 6b is connected to the air introduction duct 8 at the confluence 16 on the upstream side of the first heat exchanger 10. Then, on the upstream side of the merging point 16, the second exhaust duct 6b is provided with a first damper 14 for adjusting the flow rate of the exhaust gas, and the air introduction duct 8 is provided with a second damper for adjusting the flow rate of the merging air. 2 dampers 15 are arranged.

The air introduction duct 8 mixes the air in the house 2 with the exhaust gas flowing in the second exhaust duct 6b. The temperature of the mixed gas in which air is mixed with the exhaust gas is lower than the temperature of the exhaust gas on the upstream side of the merging point 16.

The first heat exchanger 10 is between the exhaust heat of the mixed gas introduced from the second exhaust duct 6b and the introduced outside air warmed in the first heat exchanger 10 introduced from the second outside air introduction duct 7b. Heat exchange is performed at, the temperature of the mixed gas is lowered, and dehumidification is performed. Then, by exchanging heat with the exhaust heat of the mixed gas, the introduced outside air in the second outside air introduction duct 7b is further warmed to become dry air.

A drain 18a is connected to the first heat exchanger 10. The drain 18a discharges the water dehumidified from the mixed gas by the heat exchange in the first heat exchanger 10 to the outside 31 of the house 2.

The second heat exchanger 11 is introduced from the third exhaust duct 6c, and the exhaust heat of the mixed gas dehumidified and lowered in temperature by the first heat exchanger 10 and the introduced outside air introduced from the first outside air introduction duct 7a. Heat exchange is performed with and to further lower the temperature of the mixed gas and dehumidify. Then, the introduced outside air introduced in the first outside air introduction duct 7a is heated by heat exchange with the exhaust heat of the mixed gas.

A drain 18b is connected to the second heat exchanger 11. The drain 18b discharges the water dehumidified from the mixed gas by the heat exchange in the second heat exchanger 11 to the outside 31 of the house 2.

(Action)
Combustion chamber 5 is controlled to burn so that the temperature inside the house 2 becomes a set temperature based on the detection signals from the temperature detection device 26 and the humidity detection device 27. The combustion control of the combustion chamber 5 is performed by switching the combustion state between the high temperature combustion state and the medium temperature combustion state and / or the low temperature combustion state, and the combustion state is always maintained even if the combustion state is switched. ing. This prevents carbon monoxide from being discharged into the house 2 due to incomplete combustion that occurs during ignition or extinguishing.

In explaining the integrated environmental control system of the house according to the present invention, a case where combustion control in the combustion chamber 5 is performed in a high temperature combustion state under the following conditions will be described as an example. Further, assuming that the supply amount of combustion air supplied from the combustion air supply pipe 23 to the combustion chamber 5 is 900 m ³ and the supply amount of LPG supplied from the fuel supply pipe 24 is 900 m ³ , the combustion chamber 5 at this time It is assumed that the amount of exhaust gas discharged to the first exhaust duct 6a is 900 m ³ .

At this time, the set temperature in the house 2 is set to 15 ° C., the temperature of the air in the house 2 is 15 ° C., and the ratio of the moisture contained in the air is about 13 g / m ³ (saturation at 15 ° C.). The amount of water vapor). The temperature of the outside air is 5 ° C., the ratio of the moisture contained in the outside air is 7 g / m ³ , and the outside air of 1800 m ³ is sucked from the first outside air introduction duct 7a to be sucked into the second heat exchanger 11. It is assumed that it has been introduced in.

Further, when the air in the house 2 is supplied to the combustion chamber 5 by the suction fan 20 and heat is exchanged with the exhaust gas flowing in the first exhaust duct 6a, about 70% of the exhaust heat is the suction fan. It is assumed that the exhaust gas which is used for heating the air supplied to the combustion chamber 5 by 20 and has 30% of the exhaust heat is introduced into the second exhaust duct 6b.

When the trial calculation is performed under the conditions set in this way, the inflow amount of the exhaust gas flowing from the first exhaust duct 6a to the second exhaust duct 6b is 900 m ³ , the temperature is about 200 ° C., and the ratio of water content is. It will be about 377 g / m ³ . When the air in the house 2 flows in 900 m ³ at the confluence 16 and mixes with the exhaust gas 900 m ³ in the second exhaust duct 6b to generate a mixed gas, the mixed gas introduced into the first heat exchanger 10 is generated. The amount of water introduced is 1800 m ³ , the temperature drops to about 100 ° C., and the ratio of water contained in the mixed gas is about 200 g / m ³ .

In the first heat exchanger 10, heat exchange is performed between the mixed gas in the second exhaust duct 6b and the introduced outside air in the second outside air introduction duct 7b. The introduced outside air in the second outside air introduction duct 7b is the introduced outside air whose temperature has been raised in the second heat exchanger 11.

The introduced outside air sucked from the first outside air introduction duct 7a and introduced into the second heat exchanger 11 (the introduced amount is 1800 m ³ and the temperature is 5 ° C. and the water content is 7 g / m ³ ) is the second heat exchanger. The temperature was raised to 37 ° C. while the introduced amount of 1800 m ³ and the water content of 7 g / m ³ remained unchanged.

In the first heat exchanger 10, heat exchange is performed between the introduced outside air that has risen to 37 ° C. in the second outside air introduction duct 7b and the mixed gas in the second exhaust duct 6b, and the mixed gas is dehumidified and cooled. The introduction amount remains 1800 m ³ , the temperature drops to 68 ° C., and the water content becomes 182 g / m ³ . The 18 g / m ³ of water dehumidified from the mixed gas is discharged to the outside 31 of the house 2 via the drain 18a.

Further, the introduced outside air heated by the first heat exchanger 10 becomes dry air whose temperature has risen to 68 ° C. with the introduced amount of 1800 m ³ and the water content of 7 g / m ³ as they are. 3 It will flow out into the outside air introduction duct 7c. The introduced outside air introduced into the outside air introduction duct 7 is pumped by the second pump 13.

That is, the introduced outside air taken in from the air intake port of the first outside air introduction duct 7a by the second pump 13 is pressure-fed into the outside air introduction duct 7, the second heat exchanger 11, and the first heat exchanger 10, and the temperature is increased. Is increased and is discharged from the discharge port 7d along the surface layer of the vinyl sheet, particularly the surface of the ceiling 3 and the surface where dew condensation is likely to occur.

Further, the exhaust heat of the exhaust gas flowing in the first exhaust duct 6a is forcibly exchanged with the air inside the house 2 supplied into the heat exchange chamber 21 by the suction fan 20, and the exhaust gas is exhausted. The air warmed by the exhaust heat of the above is returned to the inside of the house 2 from the exhaust port 22. Further, the exhaust gas whose temperature has been lowered by heat exchange flows in the second exhaust duct 6b.

Then, the temperature of the mixed gas introduced into the first heat exchanger 10 is lowered by mixing air with the exhaust gas to form a mixed gas so that the temperature becomes a temperature corresponding to the processing capacity of the first heat exchanger 10. ing. By controlling the opening / closing amount of the first damper 14 and the second damper 15, the ratio of the exhaust gas and the mixed air in the second exhaust duct 6b can be adjusted respectively.

The introduced outside air heated by the first heat exchanger 10 becomes dry air and is discharged along the surface layer of the vinyl sheet 2a such as the ceiling 3 side, so that dew condensation that tends to occur on the surface layer of the vinyl sheet 2a Can be prevented.

In the second heat exchanger 11, heat exchange is performed between the mixed gas flowing through the third exhaust duct 6c and the introduced outside air introduced from the first outside air introduction duct 7a, and the mixed gas in which the heat exchange is performed is The introduced amount remains 1800 m ³ , the temperature drops to 37 ° C., the water content becomes 44 g / m ³ , and the gas flows into the fourth exhaust duct 6d. The mixed gas that has flowed into the fourth exhaust duct 6d is discharged into the house 2 from the exhaust port 6e of the fourth exhaust duct 6d through the exhaust port 22 of the combustion chamber 5.
The mixed gas discharged from the exhaust port 6d contains the entire amount of carbon dioxide generated by burning the fuel supplied to the combustion chamber 5.

In the above description, the configuration using the two heat exchangers 10 and 11 has been described, but depending on the performance of the heat exchanger, one heat exchanger can be used instead. Further, it is possible to configure the configuration using three or more heat exchangers.

In addition to the switching control for switching between the high-temperature combustion state and the medium-temperature combustion state and / or the low-temperature combustion state, the switching control for switching the combustion state in the combustion chamber 5 includes switching control for performing the combustion state in multiple stages and from high-temperature combustion to low-temperature combustion. Proportional control can be performed by changing the interval proportionally. Although not described, of course, in each of the above-mentioned switching controls, as one of the switching of the combustion state in the combustion chamber 5, a stopped state in which combustion is not performed in the combustion chamber 5 is included.

(effect)
In the house integrated environmental control system and the house heating method according to the present invention, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the house 2 can be increased by the mixed gas discharged from the exhaust port 6d, and the photosynthetic activity is actively performed. be able to. In particular, the combustion device 4 operated at night allows the concentration of carbon dioxide to be kept high around the plant, and the temperature and humidity are controlled to keep the saturation within an appropriate range. Since it can be left in place, the growth of plants is promoted during the time of sunrise when photosynthesis is active.

When the air in the house 2 (900 m ³ ) is used as the combustion air supplied to the combustion chamber 5, the air (900 m ³ ) mixed in the exhaust gas at the confluence 16 uses the air in the house 2. Even if the mixed gas (emission amount 1800 m ³ ) flows into the house 2 from the exhaust port 6d of the fourth exhaust duct 6d, the amount of air in the house 2 does not change.

Further, for example, in the house 2 having a volume of 18,000 m ³ , air generally corresponding to about 10% to 15% of the volume is naturally ventilated. That is, 1800 m ³ of air, which is 10% of the volume of 18000 m ³ , is naturally ventilated.

In the above-mentioned explanation, the case where the same amount of outside air as the amount corresponding to this ventilation amount is taken in is described by taking the ventilation volume of 1800 m ³ which is naturally ventilated as an example. Since the outside air is converted into dry air and supplied into the house 2, the pressure inside the house 2 is increased. Even if the pressure inside the house 2 is increased, the pressure inside the house 2 does not become abnormally high because the ventilation is naturally performed.

Moreover, the introduced outside air taken in is turned into dry air, and is forcibly discharged toward a place in the house 2 where dew condensation is likely to occur. As a result, it is possible to efficiently prevent the occurrence of dew condensation on the surface layer of the vinyl sheet arranged on the upper layer of the house 2 and the surface of the vinyl sheet where dew condensation is likely to occur. Moreover, it is possible to increase the heat generation efficiency in the combustion device 4 without causing an energy loss of removing heat from the inside of the house 2 when the dew condensation evaporates.

Further, since natural gas, gas fuel such as LPG, and gas reformed liquid fuel such as GTL are used as fuel, clean exhaust gas can be generated, and exhaust gas containing carbon dioxide (mixed gas in the above description). ) Can be directly supplied into the house 2 in a dehumidified state.

In this way, the exhaust heat of the exhaust gas generated in the combustion chamber 5 is used to heat the air in the house 2 with an interheat type, and the introduced outside air is heated to make dry air. be able to.

Since the water dehumidified from the mixed gas during heat exchange between the first heat exchanger 10 and the second heat exchanger 11 is discharged to the outside of the house 2, the water vapor contained in the mixed gas supplied into the house 2 causes the house. It is possible to prevent the inside of 2 from becoming over-humidified. Further, by dehumidifying the mixed gas, the latent heat of the mixed gas supplied into the house 2 can be utilized, and the latent heat contributes to the heating of the air in the house 2.

Since the combustion device 4 can simultaneously heat the air in the house 2 and adjust the humidity, the temperature in the house 2 can be controlled to the set temperature and the humidity can be controlled at the same time. Then, the temperature and humidity can be controlled at the same time so that the saturation difference at the set temperature is within an appropriate range of 3 to 6 g / m ³ suitable for plant growth. This makes it possible to adjust the environment in the house in an integrated manner.

(Constitution)
As shown in FIG. 2, in the configuration of the second embodiment, the automatic three-way cock 35 is arranged on the downstream side of the second pump 13 arranged in the third outside air introduction duct 7c in the configuration of the first embodiment, and the fourth exhaust is provided. The automatic three-way cock 38 is arranged on the downstream side of the first pump 12 arranged in the duct 6d. Then, the automatic three-way cock 35 and the automatic three-way cock 38 are connected by a connecting duct 39.

The other configurations are the same as the configurations in the first embodiment, and by using the same member codes as the member codes used in the first embodiment, duplicate explanations regarding those members are omitted.

Since the automatic three-way cocks 35 and 38 have the same configuration, the configuration of the automatic three-way cock 35 will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, a valve body 35a is provided in the automatic three-way cock 35, and substantially T-shaped flow paths 36a and 36b are formed in the valve body 35a. The flow path 36a is formed as a flow path for communicating the third outside air introduction duct 7c, and the flow path 36b is formed as a flow path that branches from the flow path 36a and selectively communicates with the connecting duct 39. ing.

At the rotation position of the valve body 35a shown in FIG. 3A, the third outside air introduction duct 7c communicates with the second pump 13 and the discharge port 7d and is connected to the second pump 13 as shown in FIG. The third outside air introduction duct 7c can be communicated with the connecting duct 39 via the flow path 36b.

Further, the valve body 35a is placed on a paper surface from the rotation position shown in FIG. 3A with the center line of the flow path 36a as the axis of rotation, or through the intersection of the center line of the flow path 36b and the center line of the flow path 36a. When rotated 180 degrees with the vertical axis as the axis of rotation, as shown in FIG. 3B, the flow path is maintained in a state where the third outside air introduction duct 7c communicates with the second pump 13 and the discharge port 7d. It can be rotated to a position where the 36b and the connecting duct 39 are blocked from each other.

The flow path diameter of the flow path 36b and the flow path diameter of the flow path 36a show the same shape, but the axis perpendicular to the paper surface through the intersection of the center line of the flow path 36b and the center line of the flow path 36a. Is formed as the rotation axis, the flow path diameter of the flow path 36b is formed to be the same as or narrower than the flow path diameter of the connecting duct 39, and the flow path diameter of the flow path 36a is larger than the flow path diameter of the third outside air introduction duct 7c. It can be formed widely. By forming in this way, it is possible to control the flow rate of the introduced outside air flowing out to the connecting duct 39 according to the rotation amount of the valve body 35a.

As the configuration of the automatic three-way cock 35, the configuration of the automatic three-way cock 35'shown in FIG. 3 (c) can also be used. In FIG. 3C, a substantially T-shaped flow path 35'a is formed in the automatic three-way cock 35', and the opening / closing amount can be controlled on the downstream side of the T-shaped flow path 35'a. Dampers 37a and 37b are arranged. By controlling the opening / closing amount of each damper 37a and 37b by a control signal from the outside, the discharge flow rate of the introduced outside air flowing out from the automatic three-way cock 35'to the third outside air introduction duct 7c or the connecting duct 39 is controlled. Can be done.

(Action)
Since it is configured in this way, by controlling the automatic three-way cock 35, it is possible to control the discharge flow rate of the introduced outside air flowing out to the third outside air introduction duct 7c and the connecting duct 39, respectively.

Since the automatic three-way cock 38 provided in the fourth exhaust duct 6d is also configured in the same manner as the automatic three-way cocks 35 and 35', a part of the introduced outside air discharged to the connecting duct 39 is sent to the downstream side of the heat exchanger 11. It can be supplied to the arranged fourth exhaust duct 6d, and the exhaust gas flowing in the fourth exhaust duct 6d can be mixed with the introduced outside air from the connecting duct 39.

Further, when the pressure of the exhaust gas flowing in the fourth exhaust duct 6d is higher than the introduced outside air flowing in the third outside air introduction duct 7c, the exhaust gas flowing in the fourth exhaust duct 6d via the connecting duct 39. A part of the gas can be mixed with the introduced outside air, and the mixed gas can be discharged from the exhaust port 7d to the ceiling side of the house 2.

(effect)
Conventionally, a configuration has been used in which gas-based fuel (natural gas, LPG, gas reformed fuel, etc.) is burned in the house and the exhaust gas is introduced into the house to utilize the exhaust heat of the exhaust gas. .. With this configuration, it is possible to produce an energy saving effect and at the same time effectively utilize carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas. Moreover, by adopting this method, it also leads to reduction of carbon dioxide emissions.

However, if the exhaust gas is simply introduced into the house, unnecessary excess water vapor will be introduced into the house. In order to solve this problem, in the present invention, a heat exchanger is separately arranged outside the heater that burns the gas-based fuel, and the air inside the house is mixed with the combustion exhaust gas, and the heat exchanger is introduced from outside the house. The structure is such that heat exchange is performed with the low-temperature outside air, and dehumidification can be performed from the exhaust gas whose temperature has dropped due to heat exchange.

According to the configuration of the present invention, in addition to the hot air generated by the warmer main body (heat exchange hot air of the warmer main body 22), the external air introduced from the outside is exchanged with the exhaust gas to exchange heat with the exhaust gas. It can generate two different types of air. One type of air is the "heat exchange outside air" of high temperature and low humidity by heat exchange of the introduced outside air of low temperature and low humidity. The other type of air is the generation of "exhaust gas after heat exchange", which is partially dehumidified when the combustion exhaust gas is heat-exchanged by low-temperature outside air.

In this way, since two types of air can be generated in the present invention, they can be utilized by making the best use of their respective characteristics. In particular, the configuration of Example 1 can produce the following effects.

1) A large amount of warm air from the warmer main body (warm air discharged from the heat exchange chamber 22) is introduced into the community.
2) The heat-exchanged exhaust gas is partially dehumidified by exchanging heat with the introduced outside air, mixed with the warm air from the warmer body, and can be introduced into the community. A thermal addition can be added to the warm air from the main body.
3) On the other hand, the heat-exchanged introduced outside air becomes a state of low humidity and high temperature, and is discharged to the upper layer of the house. By this release, two layers of house air are formed, and the humidity in the introduced outside air discharged to the upper layer of the house can reduce the dew condensation on the upper layer of the house. As a result, heat loss due to dew condensation can be reduced, which can lead to energy saving.

By adopting the configuration of the second embodiment, the following effects can be further obtained in addition to the effects of the first embodiment. That is, in the configuration of the second embodiment, in addition to the usage method in the first embodiment, there are the following two usage methods as the usage of the heat-exchanged introduced outside air and the heat-exchanged exhaust gas.

1) Introducing heat exchanged The outside air and the exhaust gas after heat exchange can be mixed and discharged to the upper part of the house.

For example, when it is necessary to dehumidify the inside of the house more, if there is a function to send dew condensation water to the house, the mixed air of the heat-exchanged introduced outside air and the exhaust gas after heat exchange will be mixed, although there will be some heat loss. By discharging everything to the upper part of the house, the discharge flow rate can be increased, so a considerable amount of dehumidification is possible.

That is, if you dislike humidification and want to maintain an appropriate saturation, or if you need to prevent dew condensation on communities, plants, and fruits, this method is an effective method.

2) Introduced heat exchanged The outside air and the exhaust gas after heat exchange can be mixed and sent out to the community.

For example, if you want to raise the temperature of the community, or if a plant species that prefers higher temperatures is planted in the house, this method can be used to prioritize temperature maintenance. Moreover, instead of heating the entire house, it is possible to raise the temperature mainly in the community.

3) In addition to the above-mentioned usage method, depending on the size of the house, the state of temperature and humidity in the season, the type of community, etc., the heat-exchanged introduced outside air discharged to the upper part of the house and the exhaust gas after heat exchange The mixing ratio can be adjusted. Further, the mixing ratio of the introduced outside air after heat exchange and the exhaust gas after heat exchange can be adjusted to an appropriate ratio, and the adjusted mixed gas can be mixed with the warm air generated in the heater main body.

This application claims priority on the basis of Japanese application Japanese Patent Application No. 2016-206200 filed on October 20, 2016 and incorporates all of its disclosures herein.

The technical idea of the present invention can be applied as an integrated adjustment of the environment in a facility horticultural house.

1 ... integrated environmental control system, 2 ... house, 4 ... combustion device, 5 ... combustion chamber, 6 ... exhaust duct, 7 ... outside air introduction duct, 8 ... air introduction Duct, 10 ... 1st heat exchanger, 11 ... 2nd heat exchanger, 21 ... heat exchange chamber, 35, 35', 38 ... automatic three-way cock, 39 ... connecting duct, 40 ... plants, 40c ... leaves, 42 ... pores, 45 ... photosynthesis, 49 ... sun, 50 ... carbon dioxide, 51 ... evaporation, 61 ... combustion equipment, 62 ... Secondary heat exchanger, 63 ... Heat drive refrigerator, 64 ... Heat absorption heat exchanger.

Claims (12)

A combustion device installed in the facility horticultural house that maintains the temperature inside the facility horticultural house at a set temperature, and
An exhaust duct that discharges the exhaust gas from the combustion device into the facility horticultural house, and
An outside air introduction duct that introduces outside air into the facility gardening house,
A heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the exhaust gas in the exhaust duct and the introduced outside air in the outside air introduction duct is provided.
The exhaust port of the outside air introduction duct is provided along the surface layer of the vinyl sheet constituting the facility gardening house in the facility gardening house, and is an integrated environmental control system for the facility gardening house. .. It is provided with an air introduction duct which is connected to the exhaust duct at a confluence point on the upstream side of the heat exchanger and joins the air in the facility gardening house with the exhaust gas.
The integrated environmental control system for a facility gardening house according to claim 1, wherein dampers are provided in the exhaust duct and the air introduction duct on the upstream side of the confluence. The first pump is arranged in the exhaust duct on the downstream side of the heat exchanger.
The integrated environmental control system for a facility gardening house according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second pump is arranged in the outside air introduction duct on the downstream side of the heat exchanger. A first automatic three-way cock is provided in the outside air introduction duct on the downstream side of the heat exchanger, and a second automatic three-way cock is provided in the exhaust duct on the downstream side of the heat exchanger.
The first automatic three-way cock and the second automatic three- way cock are connected via a connecting duct.
The first automatic three-way cock is configured so that the connection opening amount of each of the outside air introduction duct and the connecting duct can be adjusted.
The facility gardening house according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second automatic three-way cock is configured so that the connection opening amount of each of the exhaust duct and the connecting duct can be adjusted. Integrated environmental control system. The integrated environmental control system for a facility horticultural house according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the heat exchanger has a drain for discharging water to the outside of the facility horticultural house. The integrated environmental control system for a facility horticultural house according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the combustion air supplied to the combustion device is the air inside the facility horticultural house. The integrated environmental control system for a facility horticultural house according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the combustion device is controlled to switch the combustion state. The switching control of the combustion state is a switching control for maintaining a saturation difference of 3 to 6 g / m ³ at the set temperature based on the detection signals from the temperature detection device and the humidity detection device installed in the facility gardening house. The integrated environmental control system for the facility gardening house according to claim 7, wherein the facility gardening house is characterized by the above. A method for heating a house using the integrated environmental control system of the facility horticultural house according to claims 1 to 8.
In the facility gardening house, heat exchange is performed between the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion device that maintains the temperature inside the facility gardening house at the set temperature and the introduced outside air introduced from outside the facility gardening house with a heat exchanger. A step of discharging the moisture from the exhaust gas dehumidified by the heat exchanger to the outside of the facility gardening house, and
A step of supplying the dry air generated by warming the introduced outside air by the heat exchanger along the surface layer of the vinyl sheet constituting the facility horticultural house in the facility horticultural house.
A step of supplying the entire amount of the exhaust gas dehumidified by the heat exchanger to a low temperature into the facility horticultural house, and
A house heating method characterized by containing. The house heating method according to claim 9, wherein the heat exchange performed by the heat exchanger is a heat exchange using a mixed gas obtained by mixing the exhaust gas with the air in the facility gardening house. The house heating method using the integrated environmental control system of the facility horticultural house according to claim 4.
A connecting duct for connecting the first automatic three-way cock provided in the outside air introduction duct on the downstream side of the heat exchanger and the second automatic three-way cock provided in the exhaust duct on the downstream side of the heat exchanger is used. hand,
By controlling the connection opening amount of each of the first automatic three-way cock and the second automatic three-way cock, a part of the introduced outside air heat exchanged by the heat exchanger is introduced from the exhaust duct into the facility gardening house. The step of discharging a part of the exhaust gas heat exchanged by the heat exchanger from the outside air introduction duct along the surface layer of the vinyl sheet constituting the facility gardening house was included. The characteristic house heating method. A claim comprising a step of controlling switching of a combustion state of the combustion device so that the saturation difference at a set temperature in the facility horticultural house is maintained in the range of 3 to 6 g / m ³ . The house heating method according to any one of 9 to 11 .

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