WO2015110305A1 - Ventilation louvre and associated naval vessel - Google Patents

Ventilation louvre and associated naval vessel Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015110305A1
WO2015110305A1 PCT/EP2015/050412 EP2015050412W WO2015110305A1 WO 2015110305 A1 WO2015110305 A1 WO 2015110305A1 EP 2015050412 W EP2015050412 W EP 2015050412W WO 2015110305 A1 WO2015110305 A1 WO 2015110305A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fin
vane
ventilation
armature
fins
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2015/050412
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Frédéric Fernand Pierre RENAUD
Yves BERNICOT
Original Assignee
Dcns
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dcns filed Critical Dcns
Priority to MYPI2016001313A priority Critical patent/MY189714A/en
Priority to AU2015208375A priority patent/AU2015208375B2/en
Priority to CA2936132A priority patent/CA2936132C/en
Publication of WO2015110305A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015110305A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G13/00—Other offensive or defensive arrangements on vessels; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63G13/02—Camouflage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
    • B63J2/00—Arrangements of ventilation, heating, cooling, or air-conditioning
    • B63J2/02—Ventilation; Air-conditioning
    • B63J2/04—Ventilation; Air-conditioning of living spaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G13/00—Other offensive or defensive arrangements on vessels; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63G13/02—Camouflage
    • B63G2013/022—Camouflage using means for reducing noise emission into air or water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G13/00—Other offensive or defensive arrangements on vessels; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63G13/02—Camouflage
    • B63G2013/025—Camouflage using means for reducing radiation emission of electromagnetic waves, e.g. infrared, into air or water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G13/00—Other offensive or defensive arrangements on vessels; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63G13/02—Camouflage
    • B63G2013/027—Camouflage using stealth design, i.e. superstructures, hulls, or other vessel's components shaped or constructed for minimizing reflection of radar or sonar beams, or the like
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q17/00—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
    • H01Q17/008—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems with a particular shape

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to ventilation louvres equipping including naval gear.
  • the present invention relates to a vent for a naval craft, comprising:
  • Boats mounted on board a marine gear are located at the mouth of air ducts used to supply certain equipment with air, for example for cooling, or for discharging stale air generated by certain other equipment.
  • louvelles in order to reduce the radar equivalent surface of the louvelles aboard the ships, it is known to equip them with a coating specifically designed to absorb all or part of the incident radar waves, or to realize the louvelles directly from of materials having such properties.
  • the materials or coatings used to do this are usually of complex bill.
  • the coatings used are in the form of a superposition of layers each of which aims to absorb electromagnetic waves in a part of the spectrum or to modify the properties of incident electromagnetic waves, such as for example their frequency, such as so that the radiation reflected by the corresponding vane will be difficult to detect by the source of the incident waves.
  • Other known materials have a complex microscopic structure.
  • each fin has a substantially planar central surface, substantially rectangular and defined by two lateral ends and two front and rear ends, the lateral ends of the central portion of each fin having a length of between 250 mm and 350 mm.
  • the ventelle comprises one or more of the following technical characteristics, taken in isolation or in any technically possible combination (s):
  • the distance between the respective central portions of two adjacent fins is between 20 mm and 70 mm;
  • the front face extends substantially in a front plane
  • each fin is inclined upwards from the front face towards the rear face of the vane, the angle of inclination formed between the front plane and the central surface of each vane being between 140 ° and 160 °;
  • the reinforcement comprises two transverse faces and two lateral faces, the airfoil further comprising a reinforcement bar extending between the two transverse faces of the reinforcement, preferably substantially parallel to the lateral faces;
  • Each fin comprises at each of its front and rear ends a transverse flange extending towards an adjacent fin so as to partially close a mouth of a ventilation passage defined between the ventelle and said adjacent fin;
  • each fin form the lateral physical edges of said fin over at least a part of their length
  • the frame and / or at least one fin is made of aluminum
  • the fins are all substantially identical, the disposition of a fin relative to a fin which is consecutive to it being the same for all the fins;
  • An end fin and the frame define a cavity closed towards the rear, the cavity being at least partially closed at the front face by one or more shields;
  • At least one shield has perforations, the frame having days, perforations and days defining an additional passage for the fluid flow between the front and rear faces of the ventilation vane.
  • the invention relates to a naval craft, characterized in that it comprises at least one ventilation plate as defined above.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a ship according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic illustration of a ventilation vane according to the invention:
  • FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the ventilation plate of Figure 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a fin of the ventilation plate of Figures 2 and 3.
  • FIG 1 illustrates a ship 2 according to the invention.
  • the naval craft 2 comprises one or more venting louvers 4 according to the invention, hereinafter louvers 4.
  • louvers 4 are also known as louvers and designated by the term "louver" in the English language.
  • Each louver 4 is associated with one or more equipment 6 of the machine 2, to which it is fluidly connected, for example by a pipe 8.
  • Each louver 4 is located at the end of the pipe 8 and is in contact with 2.
  • at least one of the louvers is formed through the wall of a room in which one or more equipment 6 is located, and is therefore not connected to these equipment. by a pipeline 8.
  • the louvers 4 each form an air inlet for the supply of air to equipment 6, or an air outlet for the discharge of stale air generated by equipment 6.
  • each louver 4 has a front face 10 visible from the outside of the machine 2, and a rear face 12 masked.
  • the front face 10 extends substantially in a plane before P1.
  • the rear face 12 extends substantially along a rear plane P2.
  • the planes P1 and P2 are parallel to each other.
  • Each louvre 4 is arranged on the machine 2 according to a flush arrangement, that is to say such that its plane before P1 is substantially coincident with the local plane of the surface of the vehicle 2 at which the ventelle 4 is installed.
  • At least one of the louvers 4 is arranged on the machine 2 in a slightly tilted rearward configuration, the front plane P1 having an inclination of between 8 ° and 20 ° relative to the vertical .
  • This has the effect of minimizing the SER of the vane 4 because the radar waves directly reflected by the vane 4 are not in the direction of the source of the waves.
  • each louvre 4 is devoid of coating or material specifically designed to absorb electromagnetic radiation, in particular the radiation used by the radars. Thus, the cost of louvers 4 is reduced.
  • the louver 4 comprises a frame 14.
  • the armature 14 comprises two opposite transverse panels 16 and two opposite side panels 18.
  • the transverse faces 16 and side 18 are fixed to each other and are substantially orthogonal to the planes P1 and P2, each transverse section 16, respectively lateral 18 being fixed to the two side panels 18, respectively transverse 16.
  • the frame 14 defines a cavity of parallelepipedal general shape which opens at the front 10 and rear 12.
  • the armature 14 also comprises a fastening flange 20 extending substantially in the front plane P1 all around the armature 4.
  • the fastening flange 20 is provided with orifices 22 for the passage of fasteners providing the fastening of 4.
  • the fixing flange 20 is for example integral with the panels 16 and 18, or is alternatively attached to the panels 16 and 18.
  • the louver 4 further comprises fins 24 and a reinforcing bar 26 configured to improve the mechanical strength of the louver 4. More specifically, the louver 4 comprises between ten and twenty fins 24, the exact number being conditioned by the use of the ventelle according to criteria known to those skilled in the art, such as for example the desired air flow.
  • the vanes 24 are immovably attached to the frame 14.
  • the vanes 24 form a stepped floor arrangement in the frame 14.
  • the vanes 24 mask the opposite face for a viewing observer the vane 4 under normal viewing angles or close to the normal to a given face.
  • the fins 24 define between them ventilation passages 25 for the fluid circulation between the front 10 and rear 12 of the ventelle 4.
  • each fin 24 has a central portion 28 substantially flat and substantially rectangular.
  • the central portion 28 is delimited by lateral ends 30 and front and rear ends 32.
  • the lateral ends 30 correspond to the physical edges of the fin 24 over at least a part of their length, advantageously over substantially their entire length. This simplifies the shape of the fins and therefore their manufacture.
  • the length I of the lateral ends 30 of the central portion 28 of each fin 24 is between 250 mm and 350 mm.
  • the front and rear ends 32 of the central portion 28 of each fin 24 are arranged parallel to the front plane P1.
  • the width of the fins 24, that is to say the dimensions of the front and rear ends 32 and therefore the venial 4 is conditioned by the use of the ventelle 4 according to criteria known to those skilled in the art, for example the desired gas flow.
  • Each fin 24 is fixed to the armature 14 in a position in which the central portion 28 is orthogonal to the side panels 18 of the armature.
  • the lateral ends 30 are fixed to the side panels 18.
  • the front and rear ends 32 extend substantially parallel to the front plane P1.
  • the front end 32 of the fins 24 extends substantially in the plane before P1.
  • the fins 24 are inclined upwardly from the front face 10 towards the rear face 12.
  • the angle of inclination i formed between the front plane P1 and the central surface 28 of each fin 4 is between 140 ° and 160 °. In view of the orientation of Figure 3, the fins are thus inclined at an angle of between 50 ° and 70 ° relative to the horizontal. Also, an observer looking at the front face 10 of the vane 4 at an angle close to normal to the front plane P1 can observe a portion of upper faces of the central portions 28 of the vanes 24 through the mouths of the ventilation passages 25.
  • the central portions 28 of two wings 24 consecutive are substantially parallel to each other. These central portions 28 are at a distance from one another, the value of which is preferably between 20 mm and 70 mm.
  • Each fin 24 further includes two transverse flanges 34, including a leading edge and a trailing edge.
  • the flanges 34 are substantially planar and are respectively located in the extension of one and the other of the front and rear ends 32 of the central portion 28.
  • the flanges 34 extend over the entire length of the front and rear ends 32.
  • the flanges 34 each form a strip of material inclined relative to the central surface 28.
  • the two flanges 34 of the same fin 24 are arranged parallel to each other and are oriented in opposite directions.
  • the flange 34 facing the front face 10 of the louver 4 is oriented downward relative to the associated central surface 28, and the flange 34 oriented towards the the rear face 12 of the vane is oriented upwards.
  • Each flange 34 extends towards an adjacent fin 24 so as to partially close the mouth of a ventilation passage 25. Due to their relative orientation, the two edges of a fin 24 partially occlude mouthpieces separate aeration passage 25. As will be seen later, the flanges 34 have the effect of increasing the number of reflections of the electromagnetic waves that penetrate inside the windshield 4.
  • the angle formed between the central surface 28 of a fin 24 and each flange 34 corresponds to the angle of inclination i.
  • the flanges 34 extend parallel to the front plane P1.
  • each fin 24 also comprises a slot 36 formed in one of the flanges 34 and in the central portion 28.
  • the slot 36 is provided for the reception of the reinforcement bar 26 and has complementary dimensions of the reinforcement bar 26.
  • the fins 24 are all substantially identical to each other.
  • the distance e between two adjacent fins 24 is substantially constant from one pair of fins 24 to the other.
  • the angle of inclination between the central surface 28 of each fin and the front plane P1 is substantially the same for all the fins.
  • the reinforcement bar 26 extends between the two transverse panels 16 of the armature 14 at the front face 10, preferably parallel to the side panels 18. For example, each end of the bar reinforcement 26 is welded to the corresponding transverse panel 16. In addition, the reinforcing bar 26 is received by each of the fins 24 at the corresponding slot 36. For example, each fin 24 is welded to the reinforcing bar 26 over all or part of the contact zone between the edges of the slot 36 and the reinforcement bar 26.
  • the ventelle 4 is made of aluminum. More specifically, the frame 14, the fins 24, and / or the reinforcing bar 26, and preferably each of them, are made of aluminum. This has the effect of minimizing the galvanic interactions between the vane 4 and the surfaces of the ship 2 in contact with which the vane 4 is located. In addition, this has the effect of promoting the good performance of the ventelle 4 corrosion.
  • one of the fins 24 of the end of the ventelle 4 delimits , with the transverse panel 16 adjacent and the side panels 18 of the armature 14, a cavity 38 closed towards the rear.
  • This cavity 38 is partially closed at the front face 10 by one or more shields 40, for example two shields 40.
  • Each shield 40 is in the form of a metal plate, preferably made from aluminum, flat and full, that is to say, not perforated.
  • Each shield 40 extends substantially in the plane before P1.
  • Each shield 40 is attached to the reinforcing bar 26 and the armature 14, for example by welding.
  • each shield 40 is at a distance from the fin 24 in question substantially equal to the distance in the plane before P1 between the fin 24 and the adjacent fin. This makes it possible to limit the negative impact of the cavity 38 on the SER of the venial 4 resulting from the shape of the cavity 38 which induces a small number of reflections for the radar waves that enter.
  • one or more shields 40 for example each shield 40, has perforations 42 (dashed in Figure 2) on all or part of its surface.
  • the number, the locations and the dimensions of the perforations are determined in a manner known to those skilled in the art in order to minimize the contribution of the perforations and shields to the SER of the ventelle 4.
  • the upper transverse panel 16 is equipped with days 44 (shown in Figure 3).
  • the perforations 42 and 44 define an additional fluid flow passage between the front 10 and rear 12 whose presence improves the suction performance of the ventelle 4 compared to an embodiment without perforations 42 and / or without days 44.
  • the vane 4 is then arranged on the vehicle 2 so that a clearance exists between the transverse section 16 provided with the days 44 and the associated edge of the opening formed in the vehicle 2 in which the ventelle 4 is received, which allows the effective gas circulation by this additional passage.
  • the lower end fin ie the lowest vane 24 is arranged in the armature 14 so that the free edge of its rim 34 visible from the front face is in contact with the transverse pan 16 lower. This has the effect that the ventelle 4 has no lower cavity whose geometry is difficult to control.
  • the fins 24 are manufactured, for example by machining or cutting.
  • the flanges 34 are inclined relative to the central surface 28, and the slot 36 is formed in a flange 34 of the fin 24.
  • the transverse and lateral flaps 16 are fixed to each other, for example by welding.
  • the flange 20 is also made.
  • the reinforcing bar 26 is then fixed to the frame 14. Then the fins are successively installed in the frame 14. Each fin 24 is engaged by the rear face 12 and placed in the position provided so that the rim 34 visible from the front face 10 extends substantially in the plane P1. The fin 24 is then fixed in the frame 24 by welding at the reinforcing bar 26 and at the level of weld zones located on the inner face and / or the outer face of the side panels 18. The shields 40 are then installed.
  • gases for example air
  • FIGS. 1-10 The operation of a ventelle 4 according to the invention will now be described with reference to FIGS.
  • gases for example air
  • gases engage in the ventilation passages 25 delimited by the fins 24 and circulate between the front face 10 and the rear face 12 of the vane 4, for example under the effect of suction or overpressure generated by equipment 6.
  • the precise direction of flow of gases within vane 4 results from the use of the vane as a vent or discharge vane.
  • electromagnetic waves are emitted in the direction of the vane 4. Part of these waves is directly reflected in another direction than that of the radar transmitter by the front face 10 of the vane 4, in particular by the front flanges 34, the flange 20 and the reinforcement bar 26. Another part of the radar waves enters the vane 4 through the mouths of the ventilation passages 25.
  • the waves are then successively reflected by one and the other of the central surfaces 28 of the fins defining the corresponding ventilation passage 25. Due to the angle of inclination between the central surfaces 28 and the plane P1 on the one hand, and on the other hand rims 34 at the ends of the fins 24, the waves then undergo a very large number of reflections in the corresponding ventilation space 25 and each of which gives rise to the dissipation of a portion of the energy of these waves. In particular, they run through the aeration passages 25 in both directions and are reflected at the ends of these passages by the flanges 34.
  • ventelle 4 according to the invention has several advantages.
  • the dimensions of the central portions 28 of the fins 24, and in particular the length of the lateral ends 32 have the effect of increasing the number of reflections of the radar waves that can enter the vane 4, and thus decrease the radar equivalent surface of the windshield 4 as explained above.
  • the values of distance e between the central portions 28 of the vanes 24 have the effect of allowing the vane 4 to maintain high suction and discharge air capacities while minimizing the risk of icing of the passageways. aeration under severe environmental conditions. This makes it possible, in particular, to dispense the louver 4 with a deicing system, such a system being expensive and contributing to increasing the infrared signature of the louver 4.
  • this range of distance values has the effect of preventing network effects. , by which a structure having a repetitive geometry and in which waves Incidents penetrate can amplify the waves before their reissue and thus present an important SER.
  • the range of values of the angle of inclination i of the central portions 28 of the vanes 24 simultaneously has the effect of contributing to the increase in the number of reflection of the waves in the vane 4, while minimizing the space requirement.
  • the ventelle in fact, at fixed fin length 24, these inclination values make it possible to reduce the depth of the vane 4.
  • the presence of the reinforcement bar 26 has the effect of substantially increasing the mechanical strength of the winding 4 generally.
  • the mechanical strength of the windlass 4 sea packs is substantially improved for a low cost.
  • the sea packets correspond to large bodies of water suspended, especially in rough sea, and which constitute an important factor of deterioration of the apparent structures of the craft 2.
  • the presence of the flanges 34 at the front and rear ends of the fins 24 has the effect of contributing to increasing the number of reflections of the radar waves in the vane 4.
  • the radar stealth performance of the vane 4 are improved accordingly.
  • the lateral ends of the central portions are extended over all or part of their length by complementary fastening structures, such as for example tabs intended to be inserted into the side panels 18 of the frame 14 .
  • the fact of making the aluminum windlass 4 has the effect of minimizing the galvanic interactions at the interface between the windrow 4 and the machine 2.
  • the mass of the vane 4 is thus reduced, which facilitates its handling, especially for its installation.
  • the fins 24 obstruct the vision when the vane is viewed from normal or near normal viewing angles.
  • the vane 4 has good masking properties of the hot spots located at the level of the equipment 6 to which the louvers 4 are coupled, and thus has a weak infrared signature.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
  • Specific Sealing Or Ventilating Devices For Doors And Windows (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a ventilation louvre (4), comprising: a front surface (10) intended for being visible and a rear surface (12) intended for being concealed; a grating (14), fins (24) attached to the grating substantially parallel to one another and defining ventilation passages between the front surface and the rear surface. Each fin has a substantially planar central surface that is substantially rectangular and defined by two side ends and two transverse ends, the transverse ends of the central portions of the fins being arranged parallel to the front plane and/or the rear plane, the side ends of the central portion of each fin having a length of 250 mm to 350 mm. The invention also relates to an associated naval vessel (2).

Description

Ventelle d'aération et engin naval associé  Ventilation vent and associated naval craft
La présente invention concerne les ventelles d'aération équipant notamment les engins navals.  The present invention relates to ventilation louvres equipping including naval gear.
Plus particulièrement, la présente invention concerne une ventelle d'aération pour engin naval, comprenant :  More particularly, the present invention relates to a vent for a naval craft, comprising:
- une face avant destinée à être visible et une face arrière destinée à être masquée,  a front face intended to be visible and a rear face intended to be masked,
- une armature, et  - an armature, and
- des ailettes fixées à l'armature sensiblement parallèlement les unes aux autres et définissant des passages d'aération entre la face avant et la face arrière.  fins attached to the frame substantially parallel to each other and defining ventilation passages between the front face and the rear face.
Des ventelles embarquées à bord d'un engin naval se situent à l'embouchure de conduites d'aération utilisées pour approvisionner certains équipements en air, par exemple pour leur refroidissement, ou pour refouler de l'air vicié généré par certains autres équipements.  Boats mounted on board a marine gear are located at the mouth of air ducts used to supply certain equipment with air, for example for cooling, or for discharging stale air generated by certain other equipment.
Du fait de son caractère visible depuis l'extérieur, ce type d'équipement est soumis à des exigences en matière de discrétion radar et infrarouge. En effet, il est important pour la furtivité de l'engin naval à bord duquel ces ventelles sont installées que celles-ci présentent une surface équivalente radar (d'acronyme SER) aussi faible que possible. En outre, il est important que leur signature infrarouge, qui est représentative de leur visibilité dans le domaine infrarouge, soit aussi faible que possible.  Due to its visible nature from the outside, this type of equipment is subject to requirements regarding radar and infrared discretion. Indeed, it is important for the stealth of the ship in which these louvers are installed that they have a radar equivalent surface (acronym SER) as low as possible. In addition, it is important that their infrared signature, which is representative of their visibility in the infrared range, be as low as possible.
Aussi, afin de notamment diminuer la surface équivalente radar des ventelles embarquées à bord des navires, il est connu de doter celles-ci d'un revêtement spécifiquement conçu pour absorber tout ou partie des ondes radars incidentes, ou de réaliser les ventelles directement à partir de matériaux présentant de telles propriétés.  Also, in order to reduce the radar equivalent surface of the louvelles aboard the ships, it is known to equip them with a coating specifically designed to absorb all or part of the incident radar waves, or to realize the louvelles directly from of materials having such properties.
Toutefois, les matériaux ou les revêtements utilisés pour ce faire sont généralement de facture complexe. Par exemple, les revêtements utilisés se présentent sous la forme d'une superposition de couches dont chacune desquelles vise à absorber les ondes électromagnétiques dans une partie du spectre ou à modifier les propriétés des ondes électromagnétiques incidentes, telles que par exemple leur fréquence, de telle sorte que les rayonnements réfléchis par la ventelle correspondante seront difficilement détectables par la source des ondes incidentes. D'autres matériaux connus présentent une structure microscopique complexe.  However, the materials or coatings used to do this are usually of complex bill. For example, the coatings used are in the form of a superposition of layers each of which aims to absorb electromagnetic waves in a part of the spectrum or to modify the properties of incident electromagnetic waves, such as for example their frequency, such as so that the radiation reflected by the corresponding vane will be difficult to detect by the source of the incident waves. Other known materials have a complex microscopic structure.
Du fait de cette complexité, ces matériaux sont coûteux, de telle sorte que leur emploi pour la réalisation de ventelles se traduit par un coût élevé pour ces dernières. Aussi, l'un des objectifs de l'invention est de proposer une ventelle présentant une bonne furtivité notamment radar et infrarouge pour un faible coût. A cet effet, l'invention concerne une ventelle du type précité caractérisé en ce que chaque ailette présente une surface centrale sensiblement plane, sensiblement rectangulaire et délimitée par deux extrémités latérales et deux extrémités avant et arrière, les extrémités latérales de la partie centrale de chaque ailette présentant une longueur comprise entre 250 mm et 350 mm. Because of this complexity, these materials are expensive, so that their use for the production of louvers results in a high cost for them. Also, one of the objectives of the invention is to provide a ventelle with good stealth including radar and infrared for a low cost. To this end, the invention relates to a ventelle of the aforementioned type characterized in that each fin has a substantially planar central surface, substantially rectangular and defined by two lateral ends and two front and rear ends, the lateral ends of the central portion of each fin having a length of between 250 mm and 350 mm.
Selon d'autres aspects avantageux de l'invention, la ventelle comprend une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques techniques suivantes, prises isolement ou selon toute(s) combinaison(s) techniquement possible(s):  According to other advantageous aspects of the invention, the ventelle comprises one or more of the following technical characteristics, taken in isolation or in any technically possible combination (s):
- la distance entre les parties centrales respectives de deux ailettes adjacentes est comprise entre 20 mm et 70 mm ;  the distance between the respective central portions of two adjacent fins is between 20 mm and 70 mm;
- la face avant s'étend sensiblement selon un plan avant ;  the front face extends substantially in a front plane;
- chaque ailette est inclinée vers le haut depuis la face avant en direction de la face arrière de la ventelle, l'angle d'inclinaison formé entre le plan avant et la surface centrale de chaque ailette étant compris entre 140° et 160° ;  each fin is inclined upwards from the front face towards the rear face of the vane, the angle of inclination formed between the front plane and the central surface of each vane being between 140 ° and 160 °;
- l'armature comprend deux pans transverses et deux pans latéraux, la ventelle d'aération comprenant en outre une barre de renfort s'étendant entre les deux pans transverses de l'armature, de préférence sensiblement parallèlement aux pans latéraux ;  the reinforcement comprises two transverse faces and two lateral faces, the airfoil further comprising a reinforcement bar extending between the two transverse faces of the reinforcement, preferably substantially parallel to the lateral faces;
- chaque ailette comprend à chacune de ses extrémités avant et arrière un rebord transverse s'étendant en direction d'une ailette adjacente de manière à obturer partiellement une embouchure d'un passage d'aération défini entre cette ventelle et ladite ailette adjacente ;  - Each fin comprises at each of its front and rear ends a transverse flange extending towards an adjacent fin so as to partially close a mouth of a ventilation passage defined between the ventelle and said adjacent fin;
- elle est dépourvue de revêtement ou de matériau conçu pour absorber les ondes électromagnétiques radar ;  it has no coating or material designed to absorb radar electromagnetic waves;
- les extrémités latérales de la partie centrale de chaque ailette forment les bords physiques latéraux de ladite ailette sur au moins une partie de leur longueur ;  the lateral ends of the central part of each fin form the lateral physical edges of said fin over at least a part of their length;
- l'armature et/ou au moins une ailette est réalisée en aluminium ;  - The frame and / or at least one fin is made of aluminum;
- les ailettes sont toutes sensiblement identiques, la disposition d'une ailette relativement à une ailette qui lui est consécutive étant la même pour toutes les ailettes ;  - The fins are all substantially identical, the disposition of a fin relative to a fin which is consecutive to it being the same for all the fins;
- une ailette d'extrémité et l'armature définissent une cavité fermée vers l'arrière, la cavité étant au moins partiellement obturée au niveau de la face avant par un ou plusieurs boucliers ; et  - An end fin and the frame define a cavity closed towards the rear, the cavity being at least partially closed at the front face by one or more shields; and
- au moins un bouclier présente des perforations, l'armature présentant des jours, les perforations et les jours définissant un passage additionnel pour la circulation fluidique entre les faces avant et arrière de la ventelle d'aération.  - At least one shield has perforations, the frame having days, perforations and days defining an additional passage for the fluid flow between the front and rear faces of the ventilation vane.
En outre, l'invention concerne un engin naval, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins une ventelle d'aération telle que définie ci-dessus. L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description détaillée qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en référence aux Figures annexées sur lesquelles : In addition, the invention relates to a naval craft, characterized in that it comprises at least one ventilation plate as defined above. The invention will be better understood on reading the detailed description which follows, given solely by way of example and with reference to the appended figures in which:
- la Figure 1 est une illustration schématique d'un engin naval selon l'invention ; - Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of a ship according to the invention;
- la Figure 2 est une illustration schématique d'une ventelle d'aération selon l'invention : FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic illustration of a ventilation vane according to the invention:
- la Figure 3 est une vue en coupe longitudinale de la ventelle d'aération de la Figure 2 ; et  - Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the ventilation plate of Figure 2; and
- la Figure 4 est une illustration schématique d'une ailette de la ventelle d'aération des Figures 2 et 3.  - Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of a fin of the ventilation plate of Figures 2 and 3.
La Figure 1 illustre un engin naval 2 selon l'invention. L'engin naval 2 comprend une ou plusieurs ventelles d'aération 4 selon l'invention, ci-après ventelles 4.  Figure 1 illustrates a ship 2 according to the invention. The naval craft 2 comprises one or more venting louvers 4 according to the invention, hereinafter louvers 4.
Ces ventelles 4 sont également connues sous le nom de persiennes et désignées par l'expression « louver » en langue anglaise.  These louvers 4 are also known as louvers and designated by the term "louver" in the English language.
Chaque ventelle 4 est associée à un ou plusieurs équipements 6 de l'engin 2, auquel ou auxquels elle est raccordée fluidiquement, par exemple par une canalisation 8. Chaque ventelle 4 se situe à l'extrémité de la canalisation 8 et est au contact de l'environnement extérieur de l'engin 2. En variante, au moins l'une des ventelles est ménagée à travers la paroi d'une pièce dans laquelle se trouve un ou plusieurs équipements 6, et n'est donc pas raccordée à ces équipements par une canalisation 8.  Each louver 4 is associated with one or more equipment 6 of the machine 2, to which it is fluidly connected, for example by a pipe 8. Each louver 4 is located at the end of the pipe 8 and is in contact with 2. Alternatively, at least one of the louvers is formed through the wall of a room in which one or more equipment 6 is located, and is therefore not connected to these equipment. by a pipeline 8.
Les ventelles 4 forment chacune une entrée d'air pour l'approvisionnement en air d'un équipement 6, ou une sortie d'air pour le refoulement d'air vicié généré par un équipement 6.  The louvers 4 each form an air inlet for the supply of air to equipment 6, or an air outlet for the discharge of stale air generated by equipment 6.
En référence à la Figure 2, chaque ventelle 4 présente une face avant 10 visible depuis l'extérieur de l'engin 2, et une face arrière 12 masquée. La face avant 10 s'étend sensiblement selon un plan avant P1 . La face arrière 12 s'étend sensiblement selon un plan arrière P2. Dans l'exemple représenté sur les Figures, les plans P1 et P2 sont parallèles l'un à l'autre. Chaque ventelle 4 est agencée sur l'engin 2 selon un montage flush, c'est-à-dire de telle sorte que son plan avant P1 soit sensiblement confondu avec le plan local de la surface de l'engin 2 au niveau de laquelle la ventelle 4 est installée.  Referring to Figure 2, each louver 4 has a front face 10 visible from the outside of the machine 2, and a rear face 12 masked. The front face 10 extends substantially in a plane before P1. The rear face 12 extends substantially along a rear plane P2. In the example shown in the figures, the planes P1 and P2 are parallel to each other. Each louvre 4 is arranged on the machine 2 according to a flush arrangement, that is to say such that its plane before P1 is substantially coincident with the local plane of the surface of the vehicle 2 at which the ventelle 4 is installed.
Dans certains modes de réalisation, au moins l'une des ventelles 4 est agencée sur l'engin 2 dans une configuration légèrement basculée vers l'arrière, le plan avant P1 présentant une inclinaison comprise entre 8° et 20° par rapport à la verticale. Ceci a pour effet de minimiser la SER de la ventelle 4 du fait que les ondes radar directement réfléchies par la ventelle 4 ne le sont pas en direction de la source des ondes. Avantageusement, chaque ventelle 4 est dépourvue de revêtement ou de matériau spécifiquement conçu pour absorber les rayonnements électromagnétiques, en particulier les rayonnements utilisés par les radars. Ainsi, le coût des ventelles 4 est réduit. In some embodiments, at least one of the louvers 4 is arranged on the machine 2 in a slightly tilted rearward configuration, the front plane P1 having an inclination of between 8 ° and 20 ° relative to the vertical . This has the effect of minimizing the SER of the vane 4 because the radar waves directly reflected by the vane 4 are not in the direction of the source of the waves. Advantageously, each louvre 4 is devoid of coating or material specifically designed to absorb electromagnetic radiation, in particular the radiation used by the radars. Thus, the cost of louvers 4 is reduced.
La ventelle 4 comprend une armature 14. L'armature 14 comprend deux pans transverses 16 opposés et deux pans latéraux 18 opposés. Les pans transverses 16 et latéraux 18 sont fixés les uns aux autres et sont sensiblement orthogonaux aux plans P1 et P2, chaque pan transverse 16, respectivement latéral 18 étant fixé aux deux pans latéraux 18, respectivement transverses 16. L'armature 14 délimite une cavité de forme générale parallélépipédique qui débouche au niveau des faces avant 10 et arrière 12.  The louver 4 comprises a frame 14. The armature 14 comprises two opposite transverse panels 16 and two opposite side panels 18. The transverse faces 16 and side 18 are fixed to each other and are substantially orthogonal to the planes P1 and P2, each transverse section 16, respectively lateral 18 being fixed to the two side panels 18, respectively transverse 16. The frame 14 defines a cavity of parallelepipedal general shape which opens at the front 10 and rear 12.
L'armature 14 comprend également une bride de fixation 20 s'étendant sensiblement dans le plan avant P1 tout autour de l'armature 4. La bride de fixation 20 est pourvue d'orifices 22 pour le passage de pièces de fixation réalisant la fixation de la ventelle 4 à l'engin 2. La bride de fixation 20 est par exemple venue de matière avec les pans 16 et 18, ou est en variante rapportée aux pans 16 et 18.  The armature 14 also comprises a fastening flange 20 extending substantially in the front plane P1 all around the armature 4. The fastening flange 20 is provided with orifices 22 for the passage of fasteners providing the fastening of 4. The fixing flange 20 is for example integral with the panels 16 and 18, or is alternatively attached to the panels 16 and 18.
La ventelle 4 comporte en outre des ailettes 24 et une barre de renfort 26 configurée pour améliorer la tenue mécanique de la ventelle 4. Plus précisément, la ventelle 4 comprend entre dix et vingt ailettes 24, le nombre exact étant conditionné par l'utilisation de la ventelle en fonction de critères connus de l'homme du métier, tels que par exemple le débit d'air recherché.  The louver 4 further comprises fins 24 and a reinforcing bar 26 configured to improve the mechanical strength of the louver 4. More specifically, the louver 4 comprises between ten and twenty fins 24, the exact number being conditioned by the use of the ventelle according to criteria known to those skilled in the art, such as for example the desired air flow.
En référence aux Figures 2 à 4, les ailettes 24 sont fixées de manière immobile à l'armature 14. Les ailettes 24 forment un agencement étagé à claire-voie dans l'armature 14. Les ailettes 24 masquent la face opposée pour un observateur regardant la ventelle 4 sous des angles de vue normaux ou proche de la normale à une face donnée. En outre, les ailettes 24 définissent entre elles des passages d'aération 25 pour la circulation fluidique entre les faces avant 10 et arrière 12 de la ventelle 4.  Referring to FIGS. 2 to 4, the vanes 24 are immovably attached to the frame 14. The vanes 24 form a stepped floor arrangement in the frame 14. The vanes 24 mask the opposite face for a viewing observer the vane 4 under normal viewing angles or close to the normal to a given face. In addition, the fins 24 define between them ventilation passages 25 for the fluid circulation between the front 10 and rear 12 of the ventelle 4.
Comme illustré sur la Figure 4, chaque ailette 24 présente une partie centrale 28 sensiblement plane et sensiblement rectangulaire. La partie centrale 28 est délimitée par des extrémités latérales 30 et des extrémités avant et arrière 32.  As illustrated in Figure 4, each fin 24 has a central portion 28 substantially flat and substantially rectangular. The central portion 28 is delimited by lateral ends 30 and front and rear ends 32.
Préférentiellement, les extrémités latérales 30 correspondent aux bords physiques de l'ailette 24 sur au moins une partie de leur longueur, avantageusement, sur sensiblement toute leur longueur. Ceci permet de simplifier la forme des ailettes et donc leur fabrication.  Preferably, the lateral ends 30 correspond to the physical edges of the fin 24 over at least a part of their length, advantageously over substantially their entire length. This simplifies the shape of the fins and therefore their manufacture.
La longueur I des extrémités latérales 30 de la partie centrale 28 de chaque ailette 24 est comprise entre 250 mm et 350 mm. Les extrémités avant et arrière 32 de la partie centrale 28 de chaque ailette 24 sont disposées parallèlement au plan avant P1 . La largeur des ailettes 24, c'est-à-dire les dimensions des extrémités avant et arrière 32 et donc de la vénielle 4, est conditionnée par l'utilisation de la ventelle 4 en fonction de critères connus de l'homme du métier, par exemple le débit gazeux recherché. The length I of the lateral ends 30 of the central portion 28 of each fin 24 is between 250 mm and 350 mm. The front and rear ends 32 of the central portion 28 of each fin 24 are arranged parallel to the front plane P1. The width of the fins 24, that is to say the dimensions of the front and rear ends 32 and therefore the venial 4, is conditioned by the use of the ventelle 4 according to criteria known to those skilled in the art, for example the desired gas flow.
Chaque ailette 24 est fixée à l'armature 14 dans une position dans laquelle la partie centrale 28 est orthogonale aux pans latéraux 18 de l'armature. Les extrémités latérales 30 sont fixées aux pans latéraux 18. En outre, les extrémités avant et arrière 32 s'étendent sensiblement parallèlement au plan avant P1 . Par exemple, l'extrémité avant 32 des ailettes 24 s'étend sensiblement dans le plan avant P1 .  Each fin 24 is fixed to the armature 14 in a position in which the central portion 28 is orthogonal to the side panels 18 of the armature. The lateral ends 30 are fixed to the side panels 18. In addition, the front and rear ends 32 extend substantially parallel to the front plane P1. For example, the front end 32 of the fins 24 extends substantially in the plane before P1.
En outre, les ailettes 24 sont inclinées vers le haut depuis la face avant 10 en direction de la face arrière 12. L'angle d'inclinaison i formé entre le plan avant P1 et la surface centrale 28 de chaque ailette 4 est compris entre 140° et 160°. Au vu de l'orientation de la Figure 3, les ailettes sont ainsi inclinées d'un angle compris entre 50° et 70° par rapport à l'horizontale. Aussi, un observateur regardant la face avant 10 de la ventelle 4 sous un angle proche de la normale au plan avant P1 peut observer une partie de faces supérieures des parties centrales 28 des ailettes 24 à travers les embouchures des passages d'aération 25.  In addition, the fins 24 are inclined upwardly from the front face 10 towards the rear face 12. The angle of inclination i formed between the front plane P1 and the central surface 28 of each fin 4 is between 140 ° and 160 °. In view of the orientation of Figure 3, the fins are thus inclined at an angle of between 50 ° and 70 ° relative to the horizontal. Also, an observer looking at the front face 10 of the vane 4 at an angle close to normal to the front plane P1 can observe a portion of upper faces of the central portions 28 of the vanes 24 through the mouths of the ventilation passages 25.
En référence à la Figure 3, les parties centrales 28 de deux ailettes 24 consécutives sont sensiblement parallèles entre elles. Ces parties centrales 28 sont à une distance e l'une de l'autre dont la valeur est préférentiellement comprise entre 20 mm et 70 mm.  Referring to Figure 3, the central portions 28 of two wings 24 consecutive are substantially parallel to each other. These central portions 28 are at a distance from one another, the value of which is preferably between 20 mm and 70 mm.
Chaque ailette 24 comprend en outre deux rebords 34 transverses, dont un rebord avant et un rebord arrière. Les rebords 34 sont sensiblement plans et sont respectivement situés dans le prolongement de l'une et l'autre des extrémités avant et arrière 32 de la partie centrale 28. Avantageusement, les rebords 34 s'étendent sur toute la longueur des extrémités avant et arrière 32. Les rebords 34 forment chacun une bande de matière inclinée par rapport à la surface centrale 28. Les deux rebords 34 d'une même ailette 24 sont disposés parallèlement l'un à l'autre et sont orientés dans des sens opposés. Par exemple, au vu de l'orientation des Figures 3 et 4, le rebord 34 orienté vers la face avant 10 de la ventelle 4 est orienté vers le bas par rapport à la surface centrale 28 associée, et le rebord 34 orienté en direction de la face arrière 12 de la ventelle est orienté vers le haut.  Each fin 24 further includes two transverse flanges 34, including a leading edge and a trailing edge. The flanges 34 are substantially planar and are respectively located in the extension of one and the other of the front and rear ends 32 of the central portion 28. Advantageously, the flanges 34 extend over the entire length of the front and rear ends 32. The flanges 34 each form a strip of material inclined relative to the central surface 28. The two flanges 34 of the same fin 24 are arranged parallel to each other and are oriented in opposite directions. For example, in view of the orientation of Figures 3 and 4, the flange 34 facing the front face 10 of the louver 4 is oriented downward relative to the associated central surface 28, and the flange 34 oriented towards the the rear face 12 of the vane is oriented upwards.
Chaque rebord 34 s'étend en direction d'une ailette 24 adjacente de manière à obturer partiellement l'embouchure d'un passage d'aération 25. Du fait de leur orientation relative, les deux rebords d'une ailette 24 obturent partiellement des embouchures de passage d'aération 25 distincts. Comme on le verra par la suite, les rebords 34 ont pour effet d'augmenter le nombre de réflexions des ondes électromagnétiques qui pénètrent à l'intérieur de la ventelle 4. L'angle formé entre la surface centrale 28 d'une ailette 24 et chaque rebord 34 correspond à l'angle d'inclinaison i. Ainsi, comme illustré sur la Figure 3, les rebords 34 s'étendent parallèlement au plan avant P1 . Each flange 34 extends towards an adjacent fin 24 so as to partially close the mouth of a ventilation passage 25. Due to their relative orientation, the two edges of a fin 24 partially occlude mouthpieces separate aeration passage 25. As will be seen later, the flanges 34 have the effect of increasing the number of reflections of the electromagnetic waves that penetrate inside the windshield 4. The angle formed between the central surface 28 of a fin 24 and each flange 34 corresponds to the angle of inclination i. Thus, as illustrated in Figure 3, the flanges 34 extend parallel to the front plane P1.
Comme représenté sur la Figure 4, chaque ailette 24 comprend également une fente 36 ménagée dans l'un des rebords 34 et dans la partie centrale 28. La fente 36 est prévue pour la réception de la barre de renfort 26 et présente des dimensions complémentaires de la barre de renfort 26.  As shown in FIG. 4, each fin 24 also comprises a slot 36 formed in one of the flanges 34 and in the central portion 28. The slot 36 is provided for the reception of the reinforcement bar 26 and has complementary dimensions of the reinforcement bar 26.
Préférentiellement, les ailettes 24 sont toutes sensiblement identiques les unes aux autres. En outre, la distance e entre deux ailettes 24 adjacentes est sensiblement constante d'une paire d'ailettes 24 à l'autre. En outre, l'angle d'inclinaison entre la surface centrale 28 de chaque ailette et le plan avant P1 est sensiblement le même pour toutes les ailettes.  Preferably, the fins 24 are all substantially identical to each other. In addition, the distance e between two adjacent fins 24 is substantially constant from one pair of fins 24 to the other. In addition, the angle of inclination between the central surface 28 of each fin and the front plane P1 is substantially the same for all the fins.
En référence à la Figure 2, la barre de renfort 26 s'étend entre les deux pans transverses 16 de l'armature 14 au niveau de la face avant 10, préférentiellement parallèlement aux pans latéraux 18. Par exemple, chaque extrémité de la barre de renfort 26 est soudée au pan transverse 16 correspondant. En outre, la barre de renfort 26 est reçue par chacune des ailettes 24 au niveau de la fente 36 correspondante. Par exemple, chaque ailette 24 est soudée à la barre de renfort 26 sur tout ou partie de la zone de contact entre les bords de la fente 36 et la barre de renfort 26.  Referring to Figure 2, the reinforcement bar 26 extends between the two transverse panels 16 of the armature 14 at the front face 10, preferably parallel to the side panels 18. For example, each end of the bar reinforcement 26 is welded to the corresponding transverse panel 16. In addition, the reinforcing bar 26 is received by each of the fins 24 at the corresponding slot 36. For example, each fin 24 is welded to the reinforcing bar 26 over all or part of the contact zone between the edges of the slot 36 and the reinforcement bar 26.
Préférentiellement, la ventelle 4 est réalisée en aluminium. Plus précisément, l'armature 14, les ailettes 24, et/ou la barre de renfort 26, et de préférence chacune d'entre elles, sont réalisées en aluminium. Ceci a pour effet de minimiser les interactions galvaniques entre la ventelle 4 et les surfaces du navire 2 au contact desquelles la ventelle 4 se trouve. En outre, ceci a pour effet de favoriser la bonne tenue de la ventelle 4 à la corrosion.  Preferably, the ventelle 4 is made of aluminum. More specifically, the frame 14, the fins 24, and / or the reinforcing bar 26, and preferably each of them, are made of aluminum. This has the effect of minimizing the galvanic interactions between the vane 4 and the surfaces of the ship 2 in contact with which the vane 4 is located. In addition, this has the effect of promoting the good performance of the ventelle 4 corrosion.
En référence aux Figures 2 et 3, l'une des ailettes 24 d'extrémité de la ventelle 4, par exemple l'ailette 24 la plus haute parmi toutes les ailettes (au sens de l'orientation des Figures 2 et 3), délimite, avec le pan transverse 16 voisin et les pans latéraux 18 de l'armature 14, une cavité 38 fermée vers l'arrière. Cette cavité 38 est partiellement obturée au niveau de la face avant 10 par un ou plusieurs boucliers 40, par exemple deux boucliers 40. Chaque bouclier 40 se présente sous la forme d'une plaque métallique, préférentiellement réalisée à partir d'aluminium, plane et pleine, c'est-à-dire non perforée. Chaque bouclier 40 s'étend sensiblement dans le plan avant P1 . Chaque bouclier 40 est fixé à la barre de renfort 26 et à l'armature 14, par exemple par soudage. Par exemple, l'extrémité inférieure de chaque bouclier 40 se situe à une distance de l'ailette 24 en question sensiblement égale à la distance dans le plan avant P1 entre cette ailette 24 et l'ailette adjacente. Ceci permet de limiter l'impact négatif de la cavité 38 sur la SER de la vénielle 4 résultant de la forme de la cavité 38 qui n'induit qu'un nombre restreint de réflexions pour les ondes radar qui y pénètrent. Referring to Figures 2 and 3, one of the fins 24 of the end of the ventelle 4, for example the fin 24 the highest among all the fins (in the sense of the orientation of Figures 2 and 3), delimits , with the transverse panel 16 adjacent and the side panels 18 of the armature 14, a cavity 38 closed towards the rear. This cavity 38 is partially closed at the front face 10 by one or more shields 40, for example two shields 40. Each shield 40 is in the form of a metal plate, preferably made from aluminum, flat and full, that is to say, not perforated. Each shield 40 extends substantially in the plane before P1. Each shield 40 is attached to the reinforcing bar 26 and the armature 14, for example by welding. For example, the lower end of each shield 40 is at a distance from the fin 24 in question substantially equal to the distance in the plane before P1 between the fin 24 and the adjacent fin. This makes it possible to limit the negative impact of the cavity 38 on the SER of the venial 4 resulting from the shape of the cavity 38 which induces a small number of reflections for the radar waves that enter.
En variante, un ou plusieurs boucliers 40, par exemple chaque bouclier 40, présente des perforations 42 (en pointillés sur la Figure 2) sur tout ou partie de sa surface. Le nombre, les emplacements et les dimensions des perforations sont déterminés de manière connue par l'homme du métier afin de minimiser la contribution des perforations et des boucliers à la SER de la ventelle 4. En outre, le pan transverse 16 supérieur est muni de jours 44 (visibles sur la Figure 3). Les perforations 42 et les jours 44 définissent un passage additionnel de circulation fluidique entre les faces avant 10 et arrière 12 dont la présence permet d'améliorer les performances d'aspiration de la ventelle 4 comparativement à un mode de réalisation sans perforations 42 et/ou sans jours 44. Préférentiellement, la ventelle 4 est alors agencée sur l'engin 2 de telle sorte qu'un jeu existe entre le pan transverse 16 muni des jours 44 et le bord associé de l'ouverture ménagée dans l'engin 2 dans laquelle la ventelle 4 est reçue, ce qui permet la circulation gazeuse effective par ce passage additionnel.  Alternatively, one or more shields 40, for example each shield 40, has perforations 42 (dashed in Figure 2) on all or part of its surface. The number, the locations and the dimensions of the perforations are determined in a manner known to those skilled in the art in order to minimize the contribution of the perforations and shields to the SER of the ventelle 4. In addition, the upper transverse panel 16 is equipped with days 44 (shown in Figure 3). The perforations 42 and 44 define an additional fluid flow passage between the front 10 and rear 12 whose presence improves the suction performance of the ventelle 4 compared to an embodiment without perforations 42 and / or without days 44. Preferentially, the vane 4 is then arranged on the vehicle 2 so that a clearance exists between the transverse section 16 provided with the days 44 and the associated edge of the opening formed in the vehicle 2 in which the ventelle 4 is received, which allows the effective gas circulation by this additional passage.
Préférentiellement, l'ailette d'extrémité inférieure, c'est à dire l'ailette 24 la plus basse, est agencée dans l'armature 14 de telle sorte que le bord libre de son rebord 34 visible depuis la face avant soit au contact du pan transverse 16 inférieur. Ceci a pour effet que la ventelle 4 ne présente pas de cavité inférieure dont la géométrie est difficilement maîtrisable.  Preferably, the lower end fin, ie the lowest vane 24, is arranged in the armature 14 so that the free edge of its rim 34 visible from the front face is in contact with the transverse pan 16 lower. This has the effect that the ventelle 4 has no lower cavity whose geometry is difficult to control.
La fabrication d'une ventelle 4 selon l'invention va maintenant être décrite en référence aux Figures.  The manufacture of a ventelle 4 according to the invention will now be described with reference to FIGS.
Tout d'abord, les ailettes 24 sont fabriquées, par exemple par usinage ou découpage. Notamment, les rebords 34 sont inclinés par rapport à la surface centrale 28, et la fente 36 est ménagée dans un rebord 34 de l'ailette 24. Parallèlement, les pans transverses 16 et latéraux 18 sont fixés les uns aux autres, par exemple par soudage. La bride 20 est également réalisée.  First, the fins 24 are manufactured, for example by machining or cutting. In particular, the flanges 34 are inclined relative to the central surface 28, and the slot 36 is formed in a flange 34 of the fin 24. At the same time, the transverse and lateral flaps 16 are fixed to each other, for example by welding. The flange 20 is also made.
La barre de renfort 26 est ensuite fixée à l'armature 14. Puis les ailettes sont successivement installées dans l'armature 14. Chaque ailette 24 est engagée par la face arrière 12 et placée dans la position prévue de sorte que le rebord 34 visible depuis la face avant 10 s'étende sensiblement dans le plan P1 . L'ailette 24 est ensuite fixée dans l'armature 24 par soudage au niveau de la barre de renfort 26 et au niveau de zones de soudures situées sur la face interne et/ou la face externe des pans latéraux 18. Les boucliers 40 sont ensuite installés.  The reinforcing bar 26 is then fixed to the frame 14. Then the fins are successively installed in the frame 14. Each fin 24 is engaged by the rear face 12 and placed in the position provided so that the rim 34 visible from the front face 10 extends substantially in the plane P1. The fin 24 is then fixed in the frame 24 by welding at the reinforcing bar 26 and at the level of weld zones located on the inner face and / or the outer face of the side panels 18. The shields 40 are then installed.
Le fonctionnement d'une ventelle 4 selon l'invention va maintenant être décrit en référence aux Figures. En fonctionnement, des gaz, par exemple de l'air, s'engagent dans les passages d'aération 25 délimités par les ailettes 24 et circulent entre la face avant 10 et la face arrière 12 de la ventelle 4, par exemple sous l'effet d'une succion ou d'une surpression générée par un équipement 6. Le sens de circulation précis des gaz au sein de la ventelle 4 résulte de l'utilisation de la ventelle en tant que ventelle d'aération ou de refoulement. The operation of a ventelle 4 according to the invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. In operation, gases, for example air, engage in the ventilation passages 25 delimited by the fins 24 and circulate between the front face 10 and the rear face 12 of the vane 4, for example under the effect of suction or overpressure generated by equipment 6. The precise direction of flow of gases within vane 4 results from the use of the vane as a vent or discharge vane.
Dans le cas d'une tentative de détection de l'engin 2 par un dispositif radar distant, des ondes électromagnétiques sont émises en direction de la ventelle 4. Une partie de ces ondes est directement réfléchie dans une autre direction que celle du radar émetteur par la face avant 10 de la ventelle 4, notamment par les rebords avant 34, la bride 20 et la barre de renfort 26. Une autre partie des ondes radars pénètre dans la ventelle 4 par les embouchures des passages d'aération 25.  In the case of an attempt to detect the vehicle 2 by a remote radar device, electromagnetic waves are emitted in the direction of the vane 4. Part of these waves is directly reflected in another direction than that of the radar transmitter by the front face 10 of the vane 4, in particular by the front flanges 34, the flange 20 and the reinforcement bar 26. Another part of the radar waves enters the vane 4 through the mouths of the ventilation passages 25.
Une fois pénétrées dans les passages d'aération 25, les ondes sont alors successivement réfléchies par l'une et l'autre des surfaces centrales 28 des ailettes définissant le passage d'aération 25 correspondant. Du fait de l'angle d'inclinaison entre les surfaces centrales 28 et le plan P1 d'une part, et d'autre part des rebords 34 aux extrémités des ailettes 24, les ondes subissent alors un très grand nombre de réflexions dans l'espace d'aération 25 correspondant et dont chacune donne lieu à la dissipation d'une partie de l'énergie de ces ondes. Notamment, elles parcourent les passages d'aération 25 dans les deux sens et sont réfléchies aux extrémités de ces passages par les rebords 34. Ceci a pour effet que les ondes qui finissent par ressortir de la ventelle 4 par la face avant 10 de la ventelle 4 présentent à la fois un niveau d'énergie diminué et des directions différentes les unes des autres et de celle du dispositif radar ayant émis les ondes radar, ce qui contribue à fortement diminuer la SER de la ventelle 4.  Once penetrated into the ventilation passages 25, the waves are then successively reflected by one and the other of the central surfaces 28 of the fins defining the corresponding ventilation passage 25. Due to the angle of inclination between the central surfaces 28 and the plane P1 on the one hand, and on the other hand rims 34 at the ends of the fins 24, the waves then undergo a very large number of reflections in the corresponding ventilation space 25 and each of which gives rise to the dissipation of a portion of the energy of these waves. In particular, they run through the aeration passages 25 in both directions and are reflected at the ends of these passages by the flanges 34. This has the effect that the waves that finally come out of the ventelle 4 by the front face 10 of the ventelle 4 show both a decreased energy level and different directions from each other and that of the radar device that emitted the radar waves, which contributes to greatly reduce the SER of the vane 4.
La ventelle 4 selon l'invention présente plusieurs avantages.  The ventelle 4 according to the invention has several advantages.
Tout d'abord, les dimensions des parties centrales 28 des ailettes 24, et en particulier la longueur des extrémités latérales 32, ont pour effet d'augmenter le nombre de réflexions des ondes radars susceptibles d'entrer dans la ventelle 4, et ainsi diminuer la surface équivalente radar de la ventelle 4 comme expliqué ci-dessus.  First, the dimensions of the central portions 28 of the fins 24, and in particular the length of the lateral ends 32, have the effect of increasing the number of reflections of the radar waves that can enter the vane 4, and thus decrease the radar equivalent surface of the windshield 4 as explained above.
En outre, les valeurs de distance e entre les parties centrales 28 des ailettes 24 ont pour effet de permettre à la ventelle 4 de conserver des capacités d'aspiration et de refoulement d'air élevées tout en minimisant les risques de givrage des passages d'aération 25 dans des conditions environnementales rigoureuses. Ceci permet notamment de dispenser la ventelle 4 d'un système de dégivrage, un tel système étant coûteux et contribuant à augmenter la signature infrarouge de la ventelle 4. En outre, cette gamme de valeurs de distance e a pour effet de prévenir les effets de réseau, par lesquels une structure présentant une géométrie répétitive et dans laquelle des ondes incidentes pénètrent peut amplifier les ondes avant leur réémission et ainsi présenter une SER importante. In addition, the values of distance e between the central portions 28 of the vanes 24 have the effect of allowing the vane 4 to maintain high suction and discharge air capacities while minimizing the risk of icing of the passageways. aeration under severe environmental conditions. This makes it possible, in particular, to dispense the louver 4 with a deicing system, such a system being expensive and contributing to increasing the infrared signature of the louver 4. In addition, this range of distance values has the effect of preventing network effects. , by which a structure having a repetitive geometry and in which waves Incidents penetrate can amplify the waves before their reissue and thus present an important SER.
En outre, la gamme de valeurs de l'angle d'inclinaison i des parties centrales 28 des ailettes 24 a simultanément pour effet de contribuer à l'accroissement du nombre de réflexion des ondes dans la ventelle 4, tout en minimisant l'encombrement de la ventelle : en effet, à longueur d'ailettes 24 fixe, ces valeurs d'inclinaisons permettent de diminuer la profondeur de la ventelle 4.  In addition, the range of values of the angle of inclination i of the central portions 28 of the vanes 24 simultaneously has the effect of contributing to the increase in the number of reflection of the waves in the vane 4, while minimizing the space requirement. the ventelle: in fact, at fixed fin length 24, these inclination values make it possible to reduce the depth of the vane 4.
Par ailleurs, la présence de la barre de renfort 26 a pour effet de sensiblement augmenter la tenue mécanique de la ventelle 4 de façon générale. En particulier, la tenue mécanique de la ventelle 4 aux paquets de mer est substantiellement améliorée pour un coût faible. De manière connue, les paquets de mer correspondent à des masses d'eau importantes mises en suspension, notamment par mer agitée, et qui constituent un important facteur de détérioration des structures apparentes de l'engin 2.  Moreover, the presence of the reinforcement bar 26 has the effect of substantially increasing the mechanical strength of the winding 4 generally. In particular, the mechanical strength of the windlass 4 sea packs is substantially improved for a low cost. In known manner, the sea packets correspond to large bodies of water suspended, especially in rough sea, and which constitute an important factor of deterioration of the apparent structures of the craft 2.
En outre, comme indiqué précédemment, la présence des rebords 34 aux extrémités avant et arrière des ailettes 24 a pour effet de contribuer à augmenter le nombre de réflexions des ondes radars dans la ventelle 4. Les performances de furtivité radar de la ventelle 4 en sont améliorées d'autant.  In addition, as indicated above, the presence of the flanges 34 at the front and rear ends of the fins 24 has the effect of contributing to increasing the number of reflections of the radar waves in the vane 4. The radar stealth performance of the vane 4 are improved accordingly.
Par ailleurs, la caractéristique selon laquelle les extrémités latérales 32 de la partie centrale 28 des ailettes forment les bords longitudinaux physiques de l'ailette 24 correspondante permet de simplifier la forme des ailettes et donc la fabrication des ailettes elle-même.  Furthermore, the characteristic that the lateral ends 32 of the central portion 28 of the fins form the physical longitudinal edges of the corresponding vane 24 simplifies the shape of the fins and thus the manufacture of the fins itself.
Toutefois, dans certains modes de réalisation, les extrémités latérales des parties centrales sont prolongées sur toute ou partie de leur longueur par des structures de fixation complémentaires, telles que par exemple des languettes destinées à être insérées dans les pans latéraux 18 de l'armature 14.  However, in some embodiments, the lateral ends of the central portions are extended over all or part of their length by complementary fastening structures, such as for example tabs intended to be inserted into the side panels 18 of the frame 14 .
Par ailleurs, comme indiqué précédemment, le fait de réaliser la ventelle 4 en aluminium a pour effet de minimiser les interactions galvaniques à l'interface entre la ventelle 4 et l'engin 2. En outre, du fait de la légèreté de ce matériau, la masse de la ventelle 4 est ainsi diminuée, ce qui facilite sa manipulation, notamment pour son installation.  Moreover, as indicated above, the fact of making the aluminum windlass 4 has the effect of minimizing the galvanic interactions at the interface between the windrow 4 and the machine 2. In addition, because of the lightness of this material, the mass of the vane 4 is thus reduced, which facilitates its handling, especially for its installation.
En outre, du fait de leur disposition, les ailettes 24 obstruent la vision lorsque la ventelle est regardée sous des angles de vue normaux ou proches de la normale. De fait, la ventelle 4 présente des bonnes propriétés de masquage des points chauds situés au niveau des équipements 6 auxquels sont couplées les ventelles 4, et présente ainsi une faible signature infrarouge.  In addition, because of their arrangement, the fins 24 obstruct the vision when the vane is viewed from normal or near normal viewing angles. In fact, the vane 4 has good masking properties of the hot spots located at the level of the equipment 6 to which the louvers 4 are coupled, and thus has a weak infrared signature.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 . - Vénielle d'aération (4) pour engin naval, comprenant : 1. - Aventing aeration (4) for naval craft, comprising:
- une face avant (10) destinée à être visible et une face arrière (12) destinée à être masquée,  a front face (10) intended to be visible and a rear face (12) intended to be masked,
- une armature (14),  an armature (14),
- des ailettes (24) fixées à l'armature (14) sensiblement parallèlement les unes aux autres et définissant des passages d'aération (25) entre la face avant (10) et la face arrière (12),  fins (24) fixed to the armature (14) substantially parallel to each other and defining ventilation passages (25) between the front face (10) and the rear face (12),
caractérisée en ce que chaque ailette (24) présente une surface centrale (28) sensiblement plane, sensiblement rectangulaire et délimitée par deux extrémités latérales (30) et deux extrémités avant et arrière (32), les extrémités latérales (30) de la partie centrale (28) de chaque ailette (24) présentant une longueur (I) comprise entre 250 mm et 350 mm.  characterized in that each fin (24) has a substantially planar, substantially rectangular central surface (28) and defined by two lateral ends (30) and two front and rear ends (32), the lateral ends (30) of the central portion (28) each fin (24) having a length (I) of between 250 mm and 350 mm.
2. - Ventelle d'aération (4) selon la revendication 1 , dans laquelle la distance (e) entre les parties centrales (28) respectives de deux ailettes (24) adjacentes est comprise entre 20 mm et 70 mm. 3.- Ventelle d'aération (4) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans laquelle la face avant2. - air vent (4) according to claim 1, wherein the distance (e) between the respective central portions (28) of two fins (24) adjacent is between 20 mm and 70 mm. 3. Ventilation vane (4) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the front face
(10) s'étend sensiblement selon un plan avant (P1 ). (10) extends substantially in a front plane (P1).
4. - Ventelle d'aération (4) selon la revendication 3, dans laquelle chaque ailette (24) est inclinée vers le haut depuis la face avant (10) en direction de la face arrière (12) de la ventelle (4), l'angle d'inclinaison (i) formé entre le plan avant (P1 ) et la surface centrale (28) de chaque ailette (24) étant compris entre 140° et 160°. 4. - Ventilation vane (4) according to claim 3, wherein each fin (24) is inclined upwards from the front face (10) towards the rear face (12) of the vane (4), the angle of inclination (i) formed between the front plane (P1) and the central surface (28) of each fin (24) being between 140 ° and 160 °.
5. - Ventelle d'aération (4) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle l'armature (14) comprend deux pans transverses (16) et deux pans latéraux (18), la ventelle d'aération (4) comprenant en outre une barre de renfort (26) s'étendant entre les deux pans transverses (16) de l'armature (14), de préférence sensiblement parallèlement aux pans latéraux (18). 5. - Ventilation vane (4) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the armature (14) comprises two transverse panels (16) and two side panels (18), the ventilation vane (4) further comprising a reinforcing bar (26) extending between the two transverse panels (16) of the frame (14), preferably substantially parallel to the side panels (18).
6. - Ventelle d'aération (4) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle chaque ailette (24) comprend à chacune de ses extrémités avant et arrière un rebord (34) transverse s'étendant en direction d'une ailette (24) adjacente de manière à obturer partiellement une embouchure d'un passage d'aération (25) défini entre cette ventelle (4) et ladite ailette (24) adjacente. 6. - Ventilation vane (4) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein each fin (24) comprises at each of its front and rear ends a transverse flange (34) extending towards a fin (24) adjacent so partially closing a mouth of an air passage (25) defined between this ventelle (4) and said adjacent fin (24).
7. - Ventelle d'aération (4) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est dépourvue de revêtement ou de matériau conçu pour absorber les ondes électromagnétiques radar. 7. - Ventilation vane (4) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is devoid of coating or material designed to absorb radar electromagnetic waves.
8. - Ventelle d'aération (4) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle les extrémités latérales (30) de la partie centrale (28) de chaque ailette (24) forment les bords physiques latéraux de ladite ailette (24) sur au moins une partie de leur longueur. 8. - air vent (4) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the lateral ends (30) of the central portion (28) of each fin (24) form the lateral physical edges of said fin (24). ) over at least part of their length.
9. - Ventelle d'aération (4) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle l'armature et/ou au moins une ailette (24) est réalisée en aluminium. 9. - Ventilation vane (4) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the armature and / or at least one fin (24) is made of aluminum.
10- Ventelle d'aération (4) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle les ailettes sont toutes sensiblement identiques, la disposition d'une ailette relativement à une ailette qui lui est consécutive étant la même pour toutes les ailettes. Ventilation vane (4) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the vanes are all substantially identical, the disposition of a vane relative to a vane which is consecutive thereto being the same for all the vanes.
1 1 . - Ventelle d'aération (4) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle une ailette (24) d'extrémité et l'armature (14) définissent une cavité (38) fermée vers l'arrière, la cavité (38) étant au moins partiellement obturée au niveau de la face avant (10) par un ou plusieurs boucliers (40). 1 1. An air vent (4) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein an end vane (24) and the armature (14) define a cavity (38) closed rearwardly, the cavity (38) ) being at least partially closed at the front face (10) by one or more shields (40).
12. - Ventelle d'aération (4) selon la revendication 1 1 , dans laquelle au moins un bouclier (40) présente des perforations (42), l'armature (14) présentant des jours (44), les perforations (42) et les jours (44) définissant un passage additionnel pour la circulation fluidique entre les faces avant (10) et arrière (12) de la ventelle d'aération (4). 12. - Ventilation vane (4) according to claim 1 1, wherein at least one shield (40) has perforations (42), the armature (14) having days (44), the perforations (42). and the days (44) defining an additional passage for the fluid flow between the front (10) and rear (12) faces of the air vent (4).
13. - Engin naval (2), caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins une ventelle d'aération (4) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12. 13. - Naval machine (2), characterized in that it comprises at least one ventilation plate (4) according to any one of claims 1 to 12.
PCT/EP2015/050412 2014-01-21 2015-01-12 Ventilation louvre and associated naval vessel WO2015110305A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

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MYPI2016001313A MY189714A (en) 2014-01-21 2015-01-12 Ventilation louvre and associated naval vessel
AU2015208375A AU2015208375B2 (en) 2014-01-21 2015-01-12 Ventilation louvre and associated naval vessel
CA2936132A CA2936132C (en) 2014-01-21 2015-01-12 Ventilation louvre and associated naval vessel

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1400116A FR3016604B1 (en) 2014-01-21 2014-01-21 AERATION VENTELLE AND ASSOCIATED NAVAL ENGINE
FR1400116 2014-01-21

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WO2015110305A1 true WO2015110305A1 (en) 2015-07-30

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AU (1) AU2015208375B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2936132C (en)
FR (1) FR3016604B1 (en)
MY (1) MY189714A (en)
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113126192A (en) * 2020-01-15 2021-07-16 南京大学 Stealth method based on bendable disordered sub-wavelength tilted grating structure

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2148848A5 (en) * 1971-07-30 1973-03-23 Ollive Georges
US6447876B1 (en) * 1999-06-28 2002-09-10 Goodrich Corporation Composite intake louver
US20080009233A1 (en) * 2006-07-05 2008-01-10 L. C. Eldridge Sales Co., Ltd. Air inlet and outlet hood
KR20090004305U (en) * 2007-11-02 2009-05-08 주식회사 엔휀스타 Film Heater and Louver with the same
KR20130056462A (en) * 2011-11-22 2013-05-30 에스티엑스조선해양 주식회사 Ventilation louver for oil mist chamber

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2148848A5 (en) * 1971-07-30 1973-03-23 Ollive Georges
US6447876B1 (en) * 1999-06-28 2002-09-10 Goodrich Corporation Composite intake louver
US20080009233A1 (en) * 2006-07-05 2008-01-10 L. C. Eldridge Sales Co., Ltd. Air inlet and outlet hood
KR20090004305U (en) * 2007-11-02 2009-05-08 주식회사 엔휀스타 Film Heater and Louver with the same
KR20130056462A (en) * 2011-11-22 2013-05-30 에스티엑스조선해양 주식회사 Ventilation louver for oil mist chamber

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113126192A (en) * 2020-01-15 2021-07-16 南京大学 Stealth method based on bendable disordered sub-wavelength tilted grating structure
CN113126192B (en) * 2020-01-15 2022-02-11 南京大学 Stealth method based on bendable disordered sub-wavelength tilted grating structure

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CA2936132A1 (en) 2015-07-30
MY189714A (en) 2022-02-28
FR3016604B1 (en) 2017-05-05
FR3016604A1 (en) 2015-07-24
AU2015208375A1 (en) 2016-07-21
CA2936132C (en) 2021-11-09

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