WO2015109568A1 - 水稻专用钙肥及其制备和用于生产富钙大米的方法 - Google Patents

水稻专用钙肥及其制备和用于生产富钙大米的方法 Download PDF

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WO2015109568A1
WO2015109568A1 PCT/CN2014/071486 CN2014071486W WO2015109568A1 WO 2015109568 A1 WO2015109568 A1 WO 2015109568A1 CN 2014071486 W CN2014071486 W CN 2014071486W WO 2015109568 A1 WO2015109568 A1 WO 2015109568A1
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calcium
rice
fertilizer
special
powder
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PCT/CN2014/071486
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王张民
潘斐
刘琦
毛彦军
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微港生物科技江苏有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2014/071486 priority Critical patent/WO2015109568A1/zh
Publication of WO2015109568A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015109568A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05DINORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D3/00Calcareous fertilisers
    • C05D3/02Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05CNITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C5/00Fertilisers containing other nitrates
    • C05C5/04Fertilisers containing other nitrates containing calcium nitrate
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/10Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
    • C05G5/16Films or sheets; Webs; Fibres

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of crop planting, and particularly to a rice-specific calcium fertilizer and a preparation thereof and a method for producing calcium-rich rice.
  • Background Art Calcium which is an essential nutrient for plant growth and development, plays an extremely important role in plants. It is an indispensable element in the formation of cell wall gelatin. It is necessary for plant development, and it can maintain the integrity of cell membrane and prevent cell senescence. It can also promote the transport of photosynthetic products and prevent metal ions and oxalic acid from poisoning plants. At the cellular level, it is a key signaling molecule in plant cell stimulation-reaction signal transduction mechanisms involved in mediating reproductive growth and various stress defense responses. Calcium is a necessary element in the human body.
  • the general plant calcium strengthening method is to directly soak the rice with calcium salt. Although the calcium content in the rice can be increased by this method, the ionic calcium which is not easily absorbed by the human body is increased, and the absorption and safety cannot be guaranteed.
  • the calcium nutrition-enhancing technique mentioned in the patent entitled “Production Method of a Zinc-rich Rice” in Chinese Patent Application No. CN102106509 is to soak the wheat or rice grains in the calcium salt, force the grain to absorb the calcium salt, and then dry it. The grain has been tested to achieve calcium-rich purposes, but this method of strengthening is not enriched by plants during the growth of wheat or rice.
  • the fortified calcium is inorganic calcium, which is not conducive to human absorption, its safety and Controllability is also questioned.
  • the method for producing high-calcium rice mentioned in the patent application entitled “Production Method of High-calcium Se-enriched Health-care Rice” in Chinese Patent Application No. 201110320591.7 is to directly apply base fertilizer 400 ⁇ 500 kg/hm 2 in the soil. The technical solution does not achieve the calcium strengthening effect, and its utilization rate is also low, and its effect on the calcium content and calcium form in the final rice grain is not further explained.
  • the present invention provides a rice-specific calcium fertilizer, a preparation thereof, and a method for producing calcium-rich rice.
  • the rice special calcium fertilizer provided by the invention contains the following components by weight:
  • Calcium source based on the weight of calcium 40 ⁇ 280;
  • the calcium source is one of a calcium-containing mineral material or a calcium-containing compound (such as calcium salt, calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide) or a mixture thereof.
  • the calcium source is shell powder, pearl powder, coral powder, animal ashes, calcite powder, calcium nitrate, calcium sulfate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium phosphate, calcium chloride, calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate. Or one or any combination of calcium citrate.
  • the biomass filling material is one or a combination of biomass fibers.
  • the biomass fiber is one of rice straw, rice husk, wheat straw, corn stover, corn cob, reed or wood, or any mixture of two or more thereof.
  • the activator is one of sulfur or humic acid or a mixture thereof.
  • the paste mixture obtained in the step 1) is placed in a tray mold, flattened and compacted, and dried to obtain a sheet-like carpet-specific rice fertilizer having a thickness of 3-8 mm, wherein the sheet is carpet-like.
  • calcium Fertilizers specific amount of the calcium source is added to rice by weight of calcium count 246 ⁇ 1724 g / m 2, preferably 739 ⁇ 1232 g / m 2.
  • the calcium source powder, the dry fine soil powder and the activator powder have a particle diameter of less than 48 ⁇ m, wherein the nanometer scale accounts for 5 to 15%.
  • the invention provides the above-mentioned rice special calcium fertilizer for producing calcium-rich rice:
  • the special calcium fertilizer for rice is simultaneously applied to the root of the seedling.
  • the above-mentioned rice special calcium fertilizer is used for producing calcium-rich rice:
  • the special calcium fertilizer for rice is a thin carpet having a thickness of 3-8 mm, and the length and width thereof are adjusted to be the same as the size of a standard rice seedling tray (standard The rice seedling tray is 580 mm long and 280 mm wide.
  • standard The rice seedling tray is 580 mm long and 280 mm wide.
  • the thin-grained rice-specific rice fertilizer is placed in the roots of the seedlings together with the seedlings, and the amount of calcium source added to each of the thin-grained rice-specific calcium fertilizers is 40% by weight of calcium. ⁇ 280 g (246-1724 g/ m 2 ). It is preferably 120-200 g (739-1232 g/m 2 ).
  • the invention provides a calcium fertilizer for rice and a preparation thereof and a method for producing calcium-rich rice, and the rice cultivated by using the calcium fertilizer for rice of the invention and the method thereof has a calcium content of up to 230 mg/kg, The rice content of ordinary rice is more than 2 times. It can be said that the rice cultivated in this way is a natural calcium-rich rice.
  • the paddy field in Dingshu Town, Jiangsu province was selected as the fertilizer effect test field, and the rice cultivar was Huaidao-7, which was widely planted in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River.
  • the community has a ridge of 0.5 m wide around each cell and a separation distance of 1 m. Each cell has a separate irrigation channel.
  • One of the plots was selected as a control group for conventional rice cultivation (without the special calcium fertilizer for rice of the present invention), and the group of the special calcium fertilizer for rice of the present invention was used in the same cultivation technique as the control group, at the time of harvest, ⁇ The rice ears were collected for threshing and rice milling, and the calcium content of the rice was determined. The calcium content of the control rice was determined to be 105.1 mg/kg.
  • Example 2-13 First, a tray mold having the same specifications as a standard tray was produced.
  • the dimensions of the tray mold were: 580 mm in length, 280 mm in width, and 10 mm in depth; Biomass filling material: rice Straw, wheat straw, corn stalks and reeds are pulverized into small sections, and mixed with wood chips and rice husks are added; dry fine soil, calcium source and activator (mixture of sulfur and humic acid 1:1) are pulverized into powder, The particle size is less than 48 ⁇ , wherein the proportion of the nanometer is 5 ⁇ 15%, and then the calcium source powder, the dry fine powder, the activator powder and the biomass filling material are coarsely mixed according to the proportions in the table and then added to the mixer. Mix evenly, and spray the water to keep it moist during the mixing process.
  • the amount of water accounts for 60% of the dry fine soil. See the table below for details.
  • the prepared paste-like calcium-containing fertilizer is divided into 10 parts, which are respectively filled into 10 different molds, flattened and compacted, and then dried or dried to obtain a special calcium for rice having a thickness of 3-8 mm.
  • Fat, flat A source of calcium per calcium fertilizer-like carpet is added to the weight of calcium The gauge was 180 g (1108 g/m 2 ). Bag, seal and label the ingredients, spare.
  • the prepared sheet-like rice-specific rice calcium fertilizer is placed on the rice transplanter box, and then the seedlings in the rice seedling tray are placed on top of the carpet-like rice special calcium fertilizer, and the parameters of the rice transplanter are adjusted.
  • Mechanical transplanting, calcium fertilizer and seedlings were placed in the roots of the seedlings after being inserted into the field, and the number of pans per acre was 25 (5 plates per experimental group).
  • rice ears were collected for threshing and rice milling, and the calcium content of rice was determined and summarized in the following table:
  • the amount of water is 40% of the amount of dry fine soil; a paper of the same size as the bottom of the tray is placed in the tray mold, and then the prepared paste-like calcium-containing fertilizer is divided into 10 portions and charged into 10 different molds.
  • the thickness of the 3-8 mm thin carpet-like rice special calcium fertilizer the average amount of calcium source added to each carpet-like calcium fertilizer is based on the weight of calcium It is 40 ⁇ 280g (246 ⁇ 1724 g/m 2 ). Bag, seal and label the ingredients, spare.
  • the prepared sheet-like rice-specific rice calcium fertilizer is placed on the rice transplanter box, and then the seedlings in the rice seedling tray are placed on top of the carpet-like rice special calcium fertilizer, and the parameters of the rice transplanter are adjusted.
  • Mechanical transplanting, calcium fertilizer and seedlings were placed in the roots of the seedlings after being inserted into the field, and the number of pans per acre was 25 (5 plates per experimental group).
  • rice ears were collected for threshing and rice milling, and the calcium content of rice was determined and summarized in the table below.
  • Example 21 First, a tray mold having the same specifications as a standard tray was produced, and the tray mold was Dimensions are: 580 mm long, 280 mm wide, and 10 mm deep; Biomass filling materials: rice straw, wheat straw, corn stover and reeds are smashed into small pieces, while crushed wood chips and rice husks are added; The soil, calcium source and activator (sulfur) are pulverized into powder, and the particle size is less than 48 ⁇ , wherein the proportion of the nanometer is 5 ⁇ 15%, then the calcium source powder (calculated as 2 kg of calcium) and dried Fine soil powder (7.5 kg), small biomass filling material (l kg ), activator (sulfur) powder (0.25 kg) are coarsely mixed and added to the mixer to mix well.
  • Biomass filling materials rice straw, wheat straw, corn stover and reeds are smashed into small pieces, while crushed wood chips and rice husks are added
  • the soil, calcium source and activator (sulfur) are
  • the water is sprayed to keep it moist during the mixing process.
  • the amount of water is 50% of the amount of dry fine soil; the paper is placed in a tray mold with a paper having the same size as the bottom of the tray, and then the prepared paste-like calcium-containing fertilizer is divided into 10 portions, and 10 pieces are respectively charged into 10 pieces.
  • the thickness of 3-8 mm thin carpet-like rice special calcium fertilizer the average amount of calcium source added to each carpet-like calcium fertilizer is calcium
  • the weight is 200 g (1232 g/m 2 ). Bag, seal and label the ingredients, spare.
  • the prepared sheet-like rice-specific rice calcium fertilizer is placed on the rice transplanter box, and then the seedlings in the rice seedling tray are placed on top of the carpet-like rice special calcium fertilizer, and the parameters of the rice transplanter are adjusted.
  • Mechanical transplanting, calcium fertilizer and seedlings were placed in the roots of the seedlings after being inserted into the field, and the number of pans per acre was 25 (5 plates per experimental group).
  • rice ears were collected for threshing and rice milling, and the calcium content of rice was determined to be 217.3 mg/kg.
  • Example 22 First, a tray mold having a size of 580 mm in length, 2800 mm in width, and 10 mm in depth was used.
  • Biomass filling materials rice straw, wheat straw, corn stover, and reed
  • the pulverization is a small section, and at the same time, the mixed wood chips and the rice husk are mixed; the dry fine soil, the calcium source and the activator (humic acid) are respectively pulverized into powder, and the particle diameter thereof is less than 48 ⁇ m, wherein the proportion of the nanometer is 5 ⁇ 15%, then coarsely source calcium powder (2 kg in calcium), dry fine soil powder (7.5 kg), small biomass filling material (l kg ), activator (humic acid) powder (0.25 kg) After mixing, add to the mixer and mix well. During the mixing process, the water is sprayed to make it moist. The amount of water is 50% of the amount of dry fine soil.
  • the tray mold In the tray mold, a paper with the same size as the bottom of the tray is placed.
  • the prepared paste-like calcium-containing fertilizer is put into a mold, flattened and compacted, and then dried or dried to a thickness of 3-8 mm, a carpet-like rice special calcium fertilizer, and then the prepared fertilizer Cut into small pieces of 580 mm x 280 mm, and cut 10 pieces of carpet-like calcium fertilizer.
  • the average amount of calcium source added to each carpet-like calcium fertilizer is 200 g (1232 g/m) by weight of calcium. 2 ). Bag, seal and label the ingredients, spare.
  • the prepared sheet-like rice-specific rice calcium fertilizer is placed on the rice transplanter box, and then the seedlings in the rice seedling tray are placed on top of the carpet-like rice special calcium fertilizer, and the parameters of the rice transplanter are adjusted.
  • Mechanical transplanting, calcium fertilizer and seedlings were placed in the roots of the seedlings after being inserted into the field, and the number of pans per acre was 25 (5 plates per experimental group).
  • rice ears were collected for threshing and rice milling, and the calcium content of rice was determined to be 225.4 mg/kg.
  • the rice produced by the method provided by the invention has a calcium content of about 230 mg/kg or more, which is more than twice the calcium content of ordinary rice. It can be said that the rice cultivated in this way can be said. It is a kind of natural calcium-rich rice. This kind of bio-calcium has high absorption rate of human body. It overcomes the shortage of nutrient-enhanced rice. The utilization rate of calcium in fertilizer is much higher than that of applied calcium fertilizer. This approach to the development of calcium-rich rice, a new functional rice, will have a very broad application prospect and will have practical significance for improving people's calcium deficiency.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

一种水稻专用钙肥及其制备和用于生产富钙大米的方法。该水稻专用钙肥含有如下重量份数的组分:钙源,以钙的重量计40〜280;干细土500〜1000;活化剂4〜40;生物填充剂50〜200。其用于生产赋钙大米的方法为,水稻插秧时,将水稻专用钙肥同步施加在秧苗根部。利用此钙肥及其方法栽培出的大米,其钙含量可达230mg/kg,是普通大米钙含量的2倍以上。

Description

水稻专用钙肥及其制备和用于生产富钙大米的方法 技术领域 本发明属于农作物种植领域, 具体涉及一种水稻专用钙肥及其制备和 用于生产富钙大米的方法。 背景技术 钙作为植物生长发育所必需的营养元素, 在植物体内发挥着极其重要 的作用。 它是细胞壁胶层形成不可缺少的元素, 为植物发育所必需, 同时 可以维护细胞膜的完整性、 防止细胞衰老, 它还可以促进光合产物转运、 防止金属离子和草酸对植物体的毒害。 在细胞水平, 它是植物细胞刺激-反 应信号转导机制中的关键信号分子, 参与调解生殖生长和各种胁迫性防御 反应等。 钙元素是人体必须的大量元素, 是人体中含量排第五位的元素, 约占体重的 1.7%, 不仅参与骨骼、 牙齿的形成, 还是细胞信号传导重要的 第二信使。 此外, 钙在细胞程序性死亡中的重要作用已被认识并受到重视。 2012年中国营养学会给中国人推荐的钙摄入量为 800 mg/d, 青少年的需求 量可能达到 1000 mg/d以上。 然而中国人主食的粮食作物(小麦、 水稻、 玉 米)及蔬菜中钙含量都不足以供给人一天的需求, 中国人膳食钙含量仅达 到推荐值的一半!
一般的植物钙强化方法为直接将大米浸泡钙盐, 通过该方法虽能提高 大米中的钙含量, 但增加的是不易被人体吸收的离子型钙, 其吸收性与安 全性都不能得到保障。
在中国专利申请号为 CN102106509的名为《一种富锌大米的生产方法》 专利中提到的钙营养强化的技术是将小麦或者米粒浸泡在钙盐中, 强制籽 粒吸收钙盐, 然后晾干籽粒, 经过检测确实达到了富钙的目的, 但是这种 强化方法不是在小麦或者水稻的生长过程中由植物体富集的, 强化的钙为 无机态钙, 不利于人体吸收, 其安全性和可控性也备受质疑。 在中国专利申请号为 201110320591.7的名为 《高钙富硒保健大米的生 产方法》 的专利申请书中提到的高钙大米的生产方法是在土壤中直接施加 基肥 400〜500 kg/hm2, 其技术方案并不能达到钙的强化效果, 其利用率也 偏低, 而且其对最终水稻籽粒中的钙含量与钙形态提升效果也并没有进一 步说明。
此外, 在现今的农业措施中, 许多报到均描述了向土壤中施加钙肥(如 氧化钙)的措施, 然而这些措施主要是用来调节酸性土壤的 pH值, 而且这 些施钙措施并不能显著提高籽粒中的钙含量, 这些报道并不能解决籽粒钙 强化的难题。 发明内容 为了解决上述技术问题, 本发明提供了一种水稻专用钙肥及其制备和 用于生产富钙大米的方法。 本发明提供的水稻专用钙肥, 含有如下重量份数的组分:
钙源, 以钙的重量计 40〜280;
干细土 500〜1000;
活化剂 4〜40;
生物质填充材料 50〜200。
(干细土为本领域公认的干燥的细颗粒的土, 是符合育秧标准的细 土)。
其中, 所述钙源为含钙的矿物材料或含钙的化合物 (如: 钙盐、 氧化 钙或氢氧化钙) 中的一种或其混合物。 优选地, 所述钙源为贝壳粉、 珍珠粉、 珊瑚粉、 动物骨灰、 方解石粉、 硝酸钙、 硫酸钙、 磷酸二氢钙、 磷酸钙、 氯化钙、 氧化钙、 氢氧化钙、 碳 酸钙或柠檬酸钙的一种或者任意组合。 优选地, 所述生物质填充材料为生物质纤维中的一种或其组合。 进一 步优选地, 所述生物质纤维为水稻秸秆、 水稻稻壳、 小麦秸秆、 玉米秸秆、 玉米芯、 芦苇或木头中的一种或其两种以上任意混合物。 优选地, 所述活化剂为硫或腐殖酸的一种或其混合物。 本发明提供上述的水稻专用钙肥的制备方法, 包含以下步骤:
1 )将生物质填充材料粉碎; 将干细土、 钙源、 活化剂分别粉碎为粉末状, 然后将钙源粉末、 干细土粉末、 活化剂粉末和粉碎后的生物质填充材料按 所述比例搅拌混合, 搅拌过程中, 不停喷洒水使其湿润, 水的用量为干细 土重量的 40-60%;
2 )将步骤 1 )得到的糊状混合物装入的托盘式模具中, 推平并压实, 干燥, 得到厚度为 3-8 mm的薄片地毯状的水稻专用钙肥, 其中, 薄片地毯状的水 稻专用钙肥中加入的钙源的量为以钙的重量计 246〜1724 g/ m 2, 优选为 739〜1232 g/ m2。 作为优选技术方案, 钙源粉末、 干细土粉末和活化剂粉末的粒径小于 48μηι, 其中纳米级别所占的比例为 5〜15%。 本发明提供上述的水稻专用钙肥用于生产富钙大米的方法: 水稻插秧 时, 将水稻专用钙肥同步施加在秧苗根部。 作为优选技术方案, 上述水稻专用钙肥用于生产富钙大米的方法为: 水稻专用钙肥为厚度 3-8 mm的薄片地毯状,调整其长度以及宽度与标准水 稻育秧盘的大小一样(标准水稻育秧盘长 580 mm, 宽 280 mm ), 插秧时, 将薄片地毯状水稻专用钙肥放置在插秧机秧箱上, 然后将水稻育秧盘中的 秧苗放置在薄片地毯状水稻专用钙肥上方, 进行机械插秧, 薄片地毯状水 稻专用钙肥与秧苗一起被插入秧田后位于秧苗的根部位置, 其中, 每块薄 片地毯状的水稻专用钙肥中加入的钙源的量为以钙的重量计 40〜280 g ( 246-1724 g/ m 2 )。 优选为 120-200 g ( 739-1232 g/ m2 )。 本发明提供了一种水稻用钙肥及其制备和用于生产富钙大米的方法, 利用本发明的水稻用钙肥及其方法栽培出的大米, 其钙含量可达 230 mg/kg, 是普通大米钙含量的 2倍以上, 可以说通过这种方式培育的大米它 就是一种天然富钙大米, 这种生物钙的人体吸收利用率高, 它克服了钙营 养强化大米中的钙形态安全性的不足, 比撒施钙肥具有更高的利用率, 其 操作方式也很简单, 能够节省很多人工, 因而通过这一途径来开发富钙大 米这一新型功能大米将有着非常广阔的应用前景, 栽培出的富钙大米使得 人们通过日常饮食方式来补充矿物质元素钙成为可能, 对于解决人群的缺 钙问题具有重要意义。 具体实施方式 下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明, 以使本领域的技术人员 可以更好的理解本发明并能予以实施, 但所举实施例不作为对本发明的限 定。 实施例 1
选择江苏省如皋巿丁堰镇水稻田作为肥料效果试验田, 水稻栽培品种 为长江下游平原区域广为种植的淮稻 -7号,每一小试验组设置为 7 x 19=133 平方米 (0.2亩) 的小区, 每一小区周边筑宽 0.5米的垄并保留 1米的隔离 距离, 每一小区设有单独排灌水水渠。 选择其中一个小区作为常规水稻栽 培 (不加本发明的水稻专用钙肥) 的对照组, 其佘加本发明的水稻专用钙 肥的组釆用与对照组相同的栽培技术, 在收获时, 釆集水稻稻穗进行脱粒、 碾米, 测定大米的钙含量, 测得对照组大米的钙含量为 105.1 mg/kg。 实施例 2-13 首先, 制作与标准育秧盘规格一样的托盘式模具, 所述托盘式模具的 尺寸为: 长为 580 mm, 宽为 280 mm, 深度为 10 mm; 将生物质填充材料: 水稻秸秆、 小麦秸秆、 玉米秸秆和芦苇粉碎为小段, 同时加入碎木屑和稻 壳混合; 将干细土、 钙源、 活化剂(硫与腐殖酸 1 : 1的混合物)分别粉碎为 粉状, 其粒径小于 48μηι, 其中纳米级别所占的比例为 5〜15%, 然后将钙源 粉末、 干细土粉末、 活化剂粉末和生物质填充材料按下表比例进行粗混后 加入搅拌机中充分混合均匀, 搅拌过程中不停喷洒水使其湿润, 所述水的 用量占干细土用量的 60%, 具体见下表; 在托盘式模具内垫一张托盘底面 一样大的纸, 然后将所制得的糊状含钙肥料等分成 10份, 分别装入 10个 不同模具中, 推平并压实, 然后晾干或者烘干, 得到厚度为 3-8 mm薄片地 毯状的水稻专用钙肥, 平均每块地毯状钙肥中加入的钙源的量为以钙的重 量计为 180g ( 1108g/m2)。 装袋, 封口并贴上成分标签, 备用。 机插秧时, 将制得的薄片地毯状的水稻专用钙肥放置在插秧机秧箱上 , 然后将水稻育秧盘中的秧苗放置在薄片地毯状的水稻专用钙肥上方, 调节 好插秧机参数进行机械插秧, 钙肥与秧苗一起被插入秧田后位于秧苗的根 部位置, 每亩用秧盘数量为 25盘 (每实验组 5盘)。 在水稻收获时, 釆集水稻稻穗进行脱粒、 碾米, 测定大米的钙含量, 汇总入下表中:
Figure imgf000006_0001
实施例 14-20 首先, 制作与标准育秧盘规格一样的托盘式模具, 所述托盘式模具的 尺寸为: 长为 580mm, 宽为 280mm, 深度为 10mm; 将生物质填充材料: 水稻秸秆、 小麦秸秆、 玉米秸秆和芦苇粉碎为小段, 同时加入碎木屑和稻 壳混合; 将干细土、 钙源、 活化剂 (硫与腐殖酸 1:1的混合物)分别粉碎为 粉状, 其粒径小于 48μηι, 其中纳米级别所占的比例为 5〜15%, 然后分别将 钙源粉末(以钙计 0.4〜2.4 kg, 每组分别按照下表中的量称取)、 干细土粉 末(7.5 kg )、 小段生物质填充材料(l kg )、 活化剂粉末(0.25 kg )进行粗 混后加入搅拌机中充分混合均匀, 搅拌过程中不停喷洒水使其湿润, 所述 水的用量占干细土用量的 40%; 在托盘式模具内垫一张托盘底面一样大的 纸, 然后将所制得的糊状含钙肥料等分成 10份, 分别装入 10个不同模具 中, 推平并压实, 然后晾干或者烘干, 厚度为 3-8 mm薄片地毯状的水稻专 用钙肥, 平均每块地毯状钙肥中加入的钙源的量为以钙的重量计为 40〜 280g ( 246〜1724 g/ m2 )。 装袋, 封口并贴上成分标签, 备用。 机插秧时, 将制得的薄片地毯状的水稻专用钙肥放置在插秧机秧箱上 , 然后将水稻育秧盘中的秧苗放置在薄片地毯状的水稻专用钙肥上方, 调节 好插秧机参数进行机械插秧, 钙肥与秧苗一起被插入秧田后位于秧苗的根 部位置, 每亩用秧盘数量为 25盘 (每实验组 5盘)。 在水稻收获时, 釆集水稻稻穗进行脱粒、 碾米, 测定大米的钙含量, 汇总入下表中。
Figure imgf000007_0001
实施例 21 首先, 制作与标准育秧盘规格一样的托盘式模具, 所述托盘式模具的 尺寸为: 长为 580 mm, 宽为 280 mm, 深度为 10 mm; 将生物质填充材料: 水稻秸秆、 小麦秸秆、 玉米秸秆和芦苇粉碎为小段, 同时加入碎木屑和稻 壳混合;将干细土、钙源、活化剂(硫)分别粉碎为粉状,其粒径小于 48μηι, 其中纳米级别所占的比例为 5〜15%, 然后分别将钙源粉末 (以钙计 2 kg )、 干细土粉末(7.5 kg )、小段生物质填充材料(l kg )、活化剂(硫)粉末(0.25 kg )进行粗混后加入搅拌机中充分混合均匀, 搅拌过程中不停喷洒水使其 湿润, 所述水的用量占干细土用量的 50%; 在托盘式模具内垫一张托盘底 面一样大的纸, 然后将所制得的糊状含钙肥料等分成 10份, 分别装入 10 个不同模具中, 推平并压实, 然后晾干或者烘干, 厚度为 3-8 mm薄片地毯 状的水稻专用钙肥, 平均每块地毯状钙肥中加入的钙源的量为以钙的重量 计为 200 g ( 1232 g/ m2 )。 装袋, 封口并贴上成分标签, 备用。 机插秧时, 将制得的薄片地毯状的水稻专用钙肥放置在插秧机秧箱上 , 然后将水稻育秧盘中的秧苗放置在薄片地毯状的水稻专用钙肥上方, 调节 好插秧机参数进行机械插秧, 钙肥与秧苗一起被插入秧田后位于秧苗的根 部位置, 每亩用秧盘数量为 25盘 (每实验组 5盘)。 在水稻收获时, 釆集水稻稻穗进行脱粒、 碾米, 测定大米的钙含量, 为 217.3 mg/kg。 实施例 22 首先, 制作托盘式模具, 所述托盘式模具的尺寸为: 长为 580 mm, 宽 为 2800 mm, 深度为 10 mm; 将生物质填充材料: 水稻秸秆、 小麦秸秆、 玉米秸秆和芦苇粉碎为小段, 同时加入碎木屑和稻壳混合; 将干细土、 钙 源、 活化剂 (腐殖酸)分别粉碎为粉状, 其粒径小于 48μηι, 其中纳米级别 所占的比例为 5〜15%,然后分别将钙源粉末(以钙计 2 kg )、干细土粉末(7.5 kg )、 小段生物质填充材料(l kg )、 活化剂 (腐殖酸)粉末 ( 0.25 kg )进行 粗混后加入搅拌机中充分混合均匀, 搅拌过程中不停喷洒水使其湿润, 所 述水的用量占干细土用量的 50%; 在托盘式模具内垫一张托盘底面一样大 的纸, 然后将所制得的糊状含钙肥料装入模具中, 推平并压实, 然后晾干 或者烘干, 厚度为 3-8 mm薄片地毯状的水稻专用钙肥, 然后将制得的肥料 切割为 580 mm x 280 mm的小块状, 共切割得到 10块地毯状钙肥, 平均每 块地毯状钙肥中加入的钙源的量为以钙的重量计为 200 g ( 1232 g/ m2 )。 装 袋, 封口并贴上成分标签, 备用。 机插秧时, 将制得的薄片地毯状的水稻专用钙肥放置在插秧机秧箱上 , 然后将水稻育秧盘中的秧苗放置在薄片地毯状的水稻专用钙肥上方, 调节 好插秧机参数进行机械插秧, 钙肥与秧苗一起被插入秧田后位于秧苗的根 部位置, 每亩用秧盘数量为 25盘 (每实验组 5盘)。 在水稻收获时, 釆集水稻稻穗进行脱粒、 碾米, 测定大米的钙含量, 为 225.4 mg/kg。 从以上实施例可以看出: 利用本发明提供的方法生产出的大米, 其钙 含量可达约 230 mg/kg以上,是普通大米钙含量的 2倍以上, 可以说通过这 种方式培育的大米它就是一种天然富钙大米, 这种生物钙的人体吸收利用 率高, 它克服了营养强化大米的不足, 肥料中钙的利用率也比撒施钙肥的 利用率高得多, 因而通过这一途径来开发富钙大米这一新型功能大米将有 着非常广阔的应用前景, 并对改善人民的钙营养不足有着现实的意义。
以上所述实施例仅是为充分说明本发明而所举的较佳的实施例, 本发 明的保护范围不限于此。 本技术领域的技术人员在本发明基础上所作的等 同替代或变换, 均在本发明的保护范围之内。 本发明的保护范围以权利要 求书为准。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种水稻专用钙肥, 其特征在于, 含有如下重量份数的组分: 钙源, 以钙的重量计 40〜280;
干细土 500〜1000;
活化剂 4〜40;
生物质填充材料 50〜200。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的水稻专用钙肥, 其特征在于, 所述钙源为含 钙的矿物材料或含钙的化合物中的一种或其混合物。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的水稻专用钙肥, 其特征在于, 所述钙源为贝 壳粉、 珍珠粉、 珊瑚粉、 动物骨灰、 方解石粉、 硝酸钙、 硫酸钙、 磷酸二 氢钙、 磷酸钙、 氯化钙、 氧化钙、 氢氧化钙、 碳酸钙或柠檬酸钙的一种或 者任意组合。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的水稻专用钙肥, 其特征在于, 所述生物质填 充材料为生物质纤维中的一种或其组合。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的水稻专用钙肥, 其特征在于, 所述生物质纤 维为水稻秸秆、 水稻稻壳、 小麦秸秆、 玉米秸秆、 玉米芯、 芦苇或木头中 的一种或其两种以上任意混合物。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的水稻专用钙肥, 其特征在于, 所述活化剂为 硫或腐殖酸的一种或其混合物。
7、 权利要求 1〜6任一项所述的水稻专用钙肥的制备方法,其特征在于, 包含以下步骤:
1 )将生物质填充材料粉碎; 将干细土、 钙源、 活化剂分别粉碎为粉末状, 然后将钙源粉末、 干细土粉末、 活化剂粉末和粉碎后的生物质填充材料按 所述比例搅拌混合, 搅拌过程中, 不停喷洒水使其湿润, 水的用量为干细 土重量的 40-60%;
2 )将步骤 1 )得到的糊状混合物装入的托盘式模具中, 推平并压实, 干燥, 得到厚度为 3-8 mm的薄片地毯状的水稻专用钙肥, 其中, 薄片地毯状的水 稻专用钙肥中加入的钙源的量为以钙的重量计 246〜1724 g/ m2
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的制备方法, 其特征在于, 钙源粉末、 干细土 粉末和活化剂粉末的粒径小于 48μηι, 其中纳米级别所占的比例为 5〜15%。
9、 权利要求 1〜6 任一项所述的水稻专用钙肥用于生产富钙大米的方 法, 其特征在于, 水稻插秧时, 将水稻专用钙肥同步施加在秧苗根部。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的方法, 其特征在于, 水稻专用钙肥为厚度 3-8 mm的薄片地毯状, 调整其长度以及宽度与水稻育秧盘的大小一样, 插 秧时, 将薄片地毯状水稻专用钙肥放置在插秧机秧箱上, 然后将水稻育秧 盘中的秧苗放置在薄片地毯状水稻专用钙肥上方, 进行机械插秧, 薄片地 毯状水稻专用钙肥与秧苗一起被插入秧田后位于秧苗的根部位置, 其中, 薄片地毯状的水稻专用钙肥中加入的钙源的量为以钙的重量计 246〜1724 g/ m 2
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