WO2015108012A1 - 燃料電池カセット及び燃料電池スタック - Google Patents
燃料電池カセット及び燃料電池スタック Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015108012A1 WO2015108012A1 PCT/JP2015/050583 JP2015050583W WO2015108012A1 WO 2015108012 A1 WO2015108012 A1 WO 2015108012A1 JP 2015050583 W JP2015050583 W JP 2015050583W WO 2015108012 A1 WO2015108012 A1 WO 2015108012A1
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- Prior art keywords
- separator
- welding
- frame
- fuel cell
- fuel
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/0273—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes with sealing or supporting means in the form of a frame
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/002—Shape, form of a fuel cell
- H01M8/006—Flat
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0297—Arrangements for joining electrodes, reservoir layers, heat exchange units or bipolar separators to each other
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
- H01M8/242—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes comprising framed electrodes or intermediary frame-like gaskets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
- H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/2432—Grouping of unit cells of planar configuration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell cassette in which a single cell, a separator, a frame, and an interconnector are stacked, and a fuel cell stack in which a plurality of the cassettes are stacked.
- a solid oxide fuel cell Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
- SOFC Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
- This fuel cell includes a fuel cell stack formed by stacking a plurality of single cells that are the minimum unit of power generation.
- the single cell includes an air electrode, a fuel electrode, and a solid electrolyte layer, and generates electric power through a power generation reaction.
- the fuel cell stack is provided with a metal frame, an insulating frame, a separator, an interconnector, and the like, and a plurality of them are stacked.
- the metal frame is made of a conductive material such as stainless steel and is formed in a frame shape so as to surround the side surface of the single cell.
- the separator is also made of a conductive material such as stainless steel, and has a rectangular frame shape having an opening for placing a single cell in the center. And a separator is joined to the peripheral part of a single cell in the state which has arrange
- the separator functions as a partition plate for partitioning an air chamber or a fuel chamber to which a reaction gas (oxidant gas or fuel gas) is supplied between single cells.
- the interconnector is also formed in a plate shape from a conductive material such as stainless steel, and is disposed on both sides in the thickness direction of the single cell. And each interconnector ensures conduction between the single cells.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a fuel cell in which separators are joined by welding. In this way, the metal members (separator, metal frame, interconnector, etc.) constituting the fuel cell stack are welded to form a joined body (fuel cell cassette), thereby preventing external leakage of the reaction gas. .
- a manifold is formed in the fuel cell stack to allow reaction gas to flow.
- the manifold is formed so as to penetrate in the stacking direction of the single cells in the fuel cell stack and to be connected (branched or assembled) to each single cell. That is, the separator, the metal frame, and the interconnector are formed with a plurality of holes for forming stack through holes in the manifold. Then, when joining the separator, the metal frame, and the interconnector, laser welding is performed on the portions around the hole portions and the outer peripheral portion of the metal frame. As a result, a fuel cell cassette is formed, and the anode space on the fuel chamber side to which fuel gas is supplied is sealed in the cassette.
- an insulating frame 112 made of a mica sheet is disposed on the separator 110 at a position outside the cathode space (air chamber), and an oxidant gas (air) is placed on the insulating frame 112. ) Is formed.
- the above-described solid oxide fuel cell is operated at a high temperature type of 1000 ° C. and an intermediate temperature type of 700 ° C. to 800 ° C.
- the separator 110 is deformed due to the difference in thermal expansion of the members constituting the fuel cell cassette.
- the portion of the gas flow path 114 formed in the insulating frame 112 as shown in FIG. 18, the amount of deformation of the separator 110 due to the difference in thermal expansion increases, and deformation that causes the flow to expand toward the flow path side occurs. As a result, the flow of the oxidant gas is hindered.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell cassette and a fuel cell stack capable of reliably suppressing deformation of the separator and maintaining good cell characteristics. There is.
- a flat unit cell having a fuel electrode, an air electrode and an electrolyte layer, and a frame-shaped first cell arranged so as to surround the side surface of the unit cell.
- a separator that is joined to a peripheral portion of the single cell and is disposed on one surface of the first frame, and that separates an oxidant gas in contact with the air electrode and a fuel gas in contact with the fuel electrode;
- a fuel cell cassette comprising a laminate of a plate-like interconnector disposed on the other surface which is the back surface side of one surface where the separator is disposed in the first frame, wherein the separator and the first One frame is joined by welding, and in the separator, the second frame disposed on the other surface which is the back surface side of the one surface on which the first frame is disposed.
- a gas flow path for flowing the oxidant gas and the fuel gas is formed in the second frame, and the separator is formed in a portion where the separator is exposed in the gas flow path.
- a fuel cell cassette comprising a welded portion for fixing a portion exposed to the first frame to the first frame.
- a welded portion is formed at a portion where the separator is exposed in the gas flow path formed in the portion of the second frame, and the separator is fixed to the first frame by the welded portion.
- reaction gas oxidant gas or fuel gas
- the separator is not deformed in the gas flow path, it is possible to prevent a short circuit between the single cells due to the deformation of the separator as in the prior art. As a result, a decrease in the utilization rate of the reaction gas in the single cell is prevented, and the battery characteristics can be maintained well.
- a welded part for one gas flow path it may have a plurality of welding marks formed by welding. If it does in this way, the site
- the separator is thinner than the interconnector. In this case, the separator is likely to be deformed (swelling or the like). However, since the separator can be fixed to the first frame by forming the weld as in the present invention, the separator in the gas flow path Deformation can be reliably suppressed.
- the welded portion is a linear weld mark formed by welding, and may be provided in parallel to the direction in which the gas flow path extends. If it does in this way, a separator can be certainly fixed to the 1st frame without obstructing the flow of a reactive gas with a welding mark.
- a welding part is a linear welding trace formed by welding, and may be provided so that several welding traces may cross
- the first frame and the separator are each formed with a hole that constitutes a gas flow path for flowing an oxidant gas and a fuel gas, and a closed circuit-shaped weld mark that seals the periphery of the hole by welding is formed. May be.
- a welding part is a linear welding trace formed by welding, and may be provided so that the welding trace around a hole part may be crossed.
- a relatively large gas pressure (the pressure of the reaction gas flowing through the gas flow path) is applied in the vicinity of the hole constituting the gas flow path.
- the separator can be reliably fixed to the first frame at a portion where a relatively large gas pressure is applied by forming the welded portion so as to intersect the weld mark around the hole portion as in the present invention. Therefore, deformation of the separator can be prevented.
- the welding for joining the first frame and the separator may be laser welding.
- the laser may be a fiber laser.
- the line width of the welding mark can be set to 0.2 mm or less. Therefore, it is possible to reliably weld the separator to the first frame while suppressing thermal distortion.
- welding may be performed by resistance welding or brazing.
- the thickness of the separator constituting the single cell is preferably 0.04 mm or more and 0.3 mm or less.
- the separator is thinner than 0.04 mm, the durability of the separator decreases.
- the separator is thicker than 0.3 mm, the separator is hardly deformed. In this case, it is difficult to follow and deform the separator in the out-of-plane direction of the single cell. Therefore, by using a separator having a thickness of 0.04 mm or more and 0.3 mm or less, the oxidant gas and the fuel gas can be reliably separated.
- the gas flow path in which the weld is formed may be a flow path for flowing oxidant gas or a flow path for flowing fuel gas.
- the oxidant gas can be surely flowed through the gas flow path, so that a reduction in the utilization rate of the oxidant gas can be prevented.
- the fuel gas can be reliably flowed through the gas flow path, so that a decrease in the utilization rate of the fuel gas can be prevented.
- the first frame constituting the fuel cell cassette is a metal frame formed in a rectangular frame shape using a metal plate.
- the second frame is an insulating frame made of an insulating material, for example, a mica frame formed into a rectangular frame shape using mica.
- the welded portion is a linear shape formed so as to protrude beyond the inner end of the second frame toward the cell side.
- the laser welding mark may be used.
- the separator can be fixed to the first frame by laser welding marks in the vicinity of the outlet or the inlet of the gas flow path formed in the second frame, and the deformation of the separator can be reliably prevented.
- the welded portion is formed so as not to protrude beyond the inner end of the second frame toward the cell side. It may be a linear laser welding mark. In this case, it is possible to avoid performing laser welding on a portion where the first frame does not exist.
- a manifold formed in each fuel cell cassette has a vertical hole extending in the stacking direction of each cassette and a gas flow path connected to the vertical hole and connected to each single cell.
- a gas flow path having a lateral hole portion extending in a direction orthogonal to the stacking direction to be assembled.
- the welding part of this invention is formed in the site
- the welded portion may have a linear laser welding trace perpendicular to the direction in which the horizontal hole extends, or a linear laser welding trace inclined with respect to the direction in which the horizontal hole extends. It may be.
- the welded portion may have a laser welding mark formed in a mesh shape intersecting in the vertical and horizontal directions, or a welding mark formed in a dot shape with a predetermined interval in the vertical and horizontal directions. Also good.
- the welding part may have a linear laser welding mark formed so that it may cross
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1.
- the top view which shows the welding trace in a separator.
- the top view of the fuel cell cassette which shows a gas flow path and a welding trace.
- Sectional drawing which shows the welding trace in the site
- Sectional drawing which shows a welding jig apparatus.
- the fuel cell 1 of the present embodiment is a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC).
- the fuel cell 1 includes a fuel cell stack 3 in which a plurality of (for example, 20) fuel cell cassettes 2 are stacked.
- the fuel cell stack 3 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape with a length of 180 mm ⁇ width of 180 mm ⁇ height of 80 mm.
- the fuel cell stack 3 has eight through holes 4 that penetrate the fuel cell stack 3 in the thickness direction.
- the fastening bolts 5 are inserted into the four through holes 4 at the four corners of the fuel cell stack 3, and a nut (not shown) is screwed to the lower end portion of the fastening bolt 5 protruding from the lower surface of the fuel cell stack 3.
- gas circulation fastening bolts 6 are inserted into the remaining four through holes 4, and nuts 7 are screwed onto both ends of the gas circulation fastening bolts 6 protruding from the upper and lower surfaces of the fuel cell stack 3.
- nuts 7 are screwed onto both ends of the gas circulation fastening bolts 6 protruding from the upper and lower surfaces of the fuel cell stack 3.
- each fuel cell cassette 2 includes a flat unit cell 11 that is a minimum unit of power generation, a separator 12, a fuel electrode frame 13 (first frame), and an interconnector 14. Are joined together, and each member is joined by welding. Further, the fuel cell cassette 2 has air that is disposed on the other surface 20 (upper surface in FIG. 2) on the back side of the one surface 19 (lower surface in FIG. 2) on the separator 12 in the separator 12. A pole insulating frame 15 (second frame) is further provided.
- the single cell 11 includes an air electrode 21, a fuel electrode 22, and a solid electrolyte layer 23, and generates electric power through a power generation reaction.
- the fuel electrode frame 13 is a substantially rectangular frame-shaped metal frame formed of a conductive material (for example, a metal plate such as stainless steel) having a thickness of about 2 mm, and is disposed so as to surround the side surface of the single cell 11. . That is, a rectangular opening 31 penetrating the fuel electrode frame 13 in the thickness direction is provided at the center of the fuel electrode frame 13, and the single cell 11 is disposed inside the opening 31. ing.
- the separator 12 is formed of a conductive material having a thickness of 0.1 mm (for example, a metal plate such as stainless steel) and has a substantially rectangular frame shape having a rectangular opening 32 at the center.
- the separator 12 is joined to the peripheral portion of the single cell 11 (solid electrolyte layer 23) by brazing using a brazing material containing silver, and is disposed on one surface 34 (upper surface in FIG. 2) of the fuel electrode frame 13. Is done.
- the separator 12 functions as a partition plate between the cells 11 and separates the oxidant gas (air) in contact with the air electrode 21 and the fuel gas in contact with the fuel electrode 22.
- the interconnector 14 is formed in a substantially rectangular plate shape with a conductive material having a thickness of about 0.8 mm (for example, a metal plate such as stainless steel).
- the interconnector 14 is disposed on the other surface 35 (lower surface in FIG. 2) side which is the back surface side of the one surface 34 on which the separator 12 is disposed in the fuel electrode frame 13.
- each interconnector 14 forms a gas flow path and conducts adjacent single cells 11.
- the interconnector 14 disposed between the adjacent single cells 11 separates the adjacent single cells 11.
- Both end plates 8 and 9 sandwich the fuel cell stack 3 and serve as output terminals for current output from the fuel cell stack 3.
- the end plates 8 and 9 are thicker than the interconnector 14.
- the air electrode insulating frame 15 is formed in a substantially rectangular frame shape by a mica sheet having a thickness of about 1.0 mm.
- a rectangular opening 37 that penetrates the insulating frame 15 in the thickness direction is provided at the center of the air electrode insulating frame 15.
- the solid electrolyte layer 23 constituting the single cell 11 is formed of a ceramic material (oxide) such as yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ), and has a substantially rectangular plate shape with a thickness of 0.01 mm.
- the solid electrolyte layer 23 is fixed to the lower surface of the separator 12 and is disposed so as to close the opening 32 of the separator 12.
- the solid electrolyte layer 23 functions as an oxygen ion conductive solid electrolyte body.
- An air electrode 21 in contact with the oxidant gas supplied to the fuel cell stack 3 is attached to the upper surface of the solid electrolyte layer 23, and the fuel supplied to the fuel cell stack 3 is also applied to the lower surface of the solid electrolyte layer 23.
- a fuel electrode 22 in contact with the gas is attached. That is, the air electrode 21 and the fuel electrode 22 are disposed on both sides of the solid electrolyte layer 23.
- the air electrode 21 is disposed in the opening 32 of the separator 12 so as not to contact the separator 12.
- the fuel chamber 17 is formed below the separator 12 by the opening 31 of the fuel electrode frame 13 and the interconnector 14, and the opening 37 of the air electrode insulating frame 15, the interconnector 14 and the like.
- an air chamber 18 is formed above the separator 12.
- the air electrode 21 is formed in a rectangular plate shape by LSCF (La 0.6 Sr 0.4 Co 0.2 Fe 0.8 O 3 ) which is a metal complex oxide. ing.
- the fuel electrode 22 is formed in a rectangular plate shape from a mixture of nickel and yttria stabilized zirconia (Ni—YSZ).
- the air electrode 21 functions as a cathode layer, and the fuel electrode 22 functions as an anode layer.
- the air electrode 21 is electrically connected to the interconnector 14 by an air electrode side current collector 38, and the fuel electrode 22 is electrically connected to the interconnector 14 by a fuel electrode side current collector 39.
- the fuel cell stack 3 (each fuel cell cassette 2) is formed with a manifold through which oxidant gas and fuel gas flow.
- the manifold formed in the fuel cell stack 3 branches or collects a vertical hole portion extending in the stacking direction of each fuel cell cassette 2 and a gas flow path connected to the single hole 11 connected to the vertical hole portion. It preferably has a lateral hole portion extending in a direction orthogonal to the stacking direction.
- the fuel supply path 50 includes a fuel supply hole 52 (longitudinal hole portion) extending in the axial direction at the center of the gas circulation fastening bolt 6 and a fuel supply lateral hole 53 (communication between the fuel supply hole 52 and the fuel chamber 17). Side hole portion).
- the fuel discharge path 51 includes a fuel discharge hole 54 (longitudinal hole portion) extending along the axial direction at the center of the gas circulation fastening bolt 6, and a fuel discharge horizontal hole that communicates the fuel discharge hole 54 and the fuel chamber 17.
- the fuel gas is supplied to the fuel chamber 17 through the fuel supply hole 52 and the fuel supply lateral hole 53 in order, and is discharged from the fuel chamber 17 through the fuel discharge lateral hole 55 and the fuel discharge hole 54 in order. Is done.
- an air supply path for supplying air to the air chamber 18 of each single cell 11 and an air discharge path (not shown) for discharging air from the air chamber 18 are provided.
- the air supply path has substantially the same structure as the fuel supply path 50, and includes an air supply hole (not shown) extending along the axial direction at the center of the gas distribution fastening bolt 6, an air supply hole, and air An air supply lateral hole (not shown) for communicating the chamber 18 is formed.
- the air discharge path has substantially the same structure as the fuel discharge path 51, and includes an air discharge hole (not shown) extending in the axial direction at the center of the gas circulation fastening bolt 6, and an air discharge hole.
- an air discharge lateral hole (not shown) for communicating the air chamber 18. Therefore, the air sequentially passes through the air supply hole (vertical hole portion) and the air supply horizontal hole (horizontal hole portion) and is supplied to the air chamber 18, and the air discharge horizontal hole (horizontal hole portion) and the air discharge hole ( It passes through the vertical holes) in order and is discharged from the air chamber 18.
- FIG. 4 shows welds (welding marks 70 to 72, 77) with the fuel electrode frame 13 as viewed from the separator 12 side in the fuel cell cassette 2.
- the separator 12 has a plurality of holes 60 formed through the edge.
- the fuel electrode frame 13, the interconnector 14, and the air electrode insulating frame 15 are also formed with a plurality of holes 60 at the same position (see FIG. 3).
- Each hole 60 constitutes a part of the through hole 4 (see FIG. 2) through which the fastening bolt 5 and the gas circulation fastening bolt 6 are inserted, and includes a circular hole 60a and an elliptical hole 60b. Including.
- the elliptical hole 60b formed in the separator 12 and the fuel electrode frame 13 is a hole for forming the manifold described above. More specifically, in the elliptical hole 60b formed above and below the separator 12 of FIG. 4, the upper side is a hole for forming a gas flow path (fuel supply path 50) for fuel gas supply, The side is a hole for forming a gas flow path for fuel gas discharge (fuel discharge path 51). Further, in the elliptical holes 60b formed on the left and right of the separator 12, the left side is a hole for forming a gas flow path (air supply path) for supplying the oxidant gas, and the right side is the oxidant gas discharge.
- a weld mark 70 (laser welding mark) having a closed circuit shape by laser welding is formed on the outer peripheral portion 65 of the separator 12 in order to join the fuel electrode frame 13.
- closed circuit-shaped welding marks 71 and 72 (laser welding marks) by laser welding are also formed around each hole 60 (60a, 60d) in the separator 12.
- the closed circuit-shaped weld mark 71 is formed along the outer shape of each hole 60a
- the closed circuit-shaped weld mark 72 is formed along the outer shape of each branch hole 60d.
- a closed circuit-shaped weld mark by laser welding is similarly formed.
- the line width of the welding marks 70 to 72 on the surface of the interconnector 14 and the surface of the separator 12 is about 0.1 mm.
- the members 12 to 14 of the fuel cell cassette 2 are joined by laser welding the separator 12 to the upper surface 34 of the fuel electrode frame 13 and laser welding the interconnector 14 to the lower surface 35 of the fuel electrode frame 13.
- the hole 60 and the outer peripheral portion 65 are sealed by the closed circuit-shaped welding marks 70 to 72, whereby the fuel chamber 17 is formed as a closed space inside the fuel cell cassette 2. Yes.
- the air electrode insulating frame 15 of the present embodiment has gas flow paths 75 and 76 for the oxidant gas (the air supply lateral hole 75 and the air discharge lateral hole 76 as lateral holes).
- a plurality are formed.
- three gas flow paths are provided at positions above and below the left and right elliptical hole portions 60b (the air supply hole portion and the air discharge hole portion) in the air electrode insulating frame 15.
- 75 and 76 are formed. These gas flow paths 75 and 76 have a width of about 1.5 mm and a length of about 15 mm. As shown in FIGS.
- linear weld marks 77 are formed by laser welding on the exposed portions of the separator 12 in the gas flow paths 75 and 76.
- the welding mark 77 is provided linearly in parallel to the extending direction of the gas flow paths 75, 76 while being provided with one welding mark 77 for one gas flow path 75, 76.
- the line width of each welding mark 77 is about 0.1 mm.
- One end of the welding mark 77 is provided so as to intersect with the closed circuit-shaped laser welding mark 72 that seals the periphery of the branch hole 60d, and the other end of the welding mark 77 is the fuel electrode frame. 13 so as not to protrude beyond the inner end 78 of the cell. In this way, when the welding mark 77 is formed so as not to protrude to the cell side, laser welding is avoided from being performed on a portion where the fuel electrode frame 13 does not exist at the time of formation.
- the air electrode insulating frame 15 is formed to have substantially the same external dimensions as the fuel electrode frame 13, and the position of the inner end 78 of the fuel electrode frame 13 coincides with the position of the inner end 79 of the air electrode insulating frame 15. Are arranged as follows.
- the fuel gas is introduced into the fuel chamber 17 from the fuel supply path 50 while being heated to the operating temperature (about 700 ° C.), and the air supply path (the gas flow path 75).
- Air is supplied to the air chamber 18 from a supply path including
- hydrogen in the fuel gas and oxygen in the air react through the solid electrolyte layer 23 (power generation reaction), and DC power is generated with the air electrode 21 as the positive electrode and the fuel electrode 22 as the negative electrode.
- a plurality of single cells 11 are stacked and connected in series, so that the upper end plate 8 electrically connected to the air electrode 21 becomes the positive electrode, and the fuel electrode 22
- the lower end plate 9 that is electrically connected to the negative electrode is the negative electrode.
- the single cell 11 is formed according to a conventionally known method. Specifically, a green sheet to be the solid electrolyte layer 23 is laminated on the green sheet to be the fuel electrode 22 and fired. Further, the material for forming the air electrode 21 is printed on the solid electrolyte layer 23 and then baked. At this point, the single cell 11 is formed.
- the stainless plate is punched to form the separator 12 having the hole 60, the fuel electrode frame 13, and the interconnector 14.
- the air electrode insulating frame 15 is formed by forming a mica sheet in a predetermined shape. Specifically, a commercially available mica sheet (a sheet made of a composite of mica and molding resin) is cut and formed into substantially the same outer shape as other members (such as the fuel electrode frame 13). At this time, a plurality of holes 60 (60a, 60b) and gas flow paths 75, 76 are formed in the air electrode insulating frame 15.
- the resin component contained in the mica sheet evaporates by a heat treatment performed after being laminated together with other members. Further, the mica sheet seals each member by being sandwiched between other members (separator 12 and interconnector 14) when each fuel cell cassette 2 is bolted in the stacking direction.
- the separator 12, the fuel electrode frame 13, and the interconnector 14 are joined by laser welding.
- the welding jig apparatus 100 is placed with the separator 12 and the fuel electrode frame 13 overlapped while aligning the holes 60 in the separator 12 and the fuel electrode frame 13. It arrange
- the separator 12 and the fuel electrode frame 13 are fixed by fastening the upper jig 101 and the lower jig 102 with fixing members (not shown) such as bolts, nuts, and clamp members.
- An opening 103 is formed in the upper jig 101 of the welding jig apparatus 100 to expose the welded part. Then, the laser irradiation apparatus 105 is used to irradiate the laser L1 along the opening 103 of the upper jig 101 under predetermined irradiation conditions (for example, the output is about 150 W and the beam diameter is about 0.1 mm) (welding step). .
- the laser L 1 is irradiated from the separator 12 side, and the separator 12 is laser-welded to the fuel electrode frame 13.
- the laser irradiation device 105 for example, an irradiation device such as a fiber laser is used.
- the fiber laser is a solid-state laser that irradiates a laser L1 having a wavelength of 1080 nm. Further, the welding jig apparatus 100 is moved in the horizontal direction by using an XY table (not shown) so that the laser L1 is irradiated along the opening 103 of the upper jig 101.
- two types of upper jigs 101 are prepared and laser welding is performed in two steps. More specifically, for example, by using the first upper jig 101 and irradiating the laser L1 along the opening 103 of the upper jig 101, a closed circuit-shaped laser welding mark 70 in the outer peripheral portion 65 is formed. At the same time, among the laser welding marks 72 around the branching hole 60d, the welding marks of the vertical line portions are formed. Thereafter, the first upper jig 101 is replaced with the second upper jig 101, and the laser L1 is irradiated along the opening 103 of the second upper jig 101, so that the circular hole 60a is formed.
- the welding trace of parts (curved part) other than a vertical line is formed among the laser welding traces 72 around the branching hole 60d. Further, at this time, a laser beam L1 is irradiated to a position where the separator 12 is exposed in the gas flow paths 75 and 76, and a linear laser welding mark 77 (welded part) that fixes the part to the fuel electrode frame 13 is formed. Form. As a result, the separator 12 and the fuel electrode frame 13 are joined.
- the joined separator 12 and fuel electrode frame 13 are once removed from the welding jig apparatus 100. Then, the separator 12 is fixed to the solid electrolyte layer 23 of the single cell 11 by brazing. Specifically, after the brazing material is disposed on each of the solid electrolyte layer 23 and the separator 12, the brazing material is melted by heating at, for example, 850 to 1100 ° C. in an air atmosphere, The separator 12 is joined.
- the interconnector 14 is laser welded to the front surface 35 side (back surface side) of the fuel electrode frame 13 using a welding jig apparatus similar to the above.
- the laser irradiation apparatus 105 irradiates the laser L1 from the interconnector 14 side. Since the interconnector 14 is thicker than the separator 12, the interconnector 14 is laser welded to the fuel electrode frame 13 by irradiating the laser L 1 with the laser output being 300 W. As a result, a joined body of the metal members 12 to 14 constituting the fuel cell cassette 2 is formed.
- the fuel cell cassette 2 is configured by laminating and laminating the joined body of the metal members 12 to 14 and the air electrode insulating frame 15, and the fuel cell cassette 2 is laminated and integrated to form a fuel cell cassette 2.
- a battery stack 3 is formed.
- the fastening bolts 5 are inserted into the four through holes 4 at the four corners of the fuel cell stack 3, and a nut (not shown) is screwed to the lower end portion of the fastening bolt 5 protruding from the lower surface of the fuel cell stack 3.
- gas circulation fastening bolts 6 are inserted into the remaining four through holes 4, and nuts 7 are screwed onto both ends of the gas circulation fastening bolts 6 protruding from the upper and lower surfaces of the fuel cell stack 3.
- each fuel cell cassette 2 is fixed in the fuel cell stack 3, and the fuel cell 1 is completed.
- the gas flow paths 75 and 76 are formed in the portion of the air electrode insulating frame 15, and the welding traces are formed in the portions where the separator 12 is exposed in the gas flow paths 75 and 76. 77 is formed. Then, the exposed portion of the separator 12 is fixed to the fuel electrode frame 13 by the welding marks 77. In this way, even if a difference in thermal expansion between the fuel electrode frame 13 and the separator 12 occurs, deformation of the separator 12 in the gas flow paths 75 and 76 (such as swelling) is prevented. For this reason, it is possible to avoid the problem that the separator 12 is deformed in the gas flow paths 75 and 76 to obstruct the flow of the reaction gas as in the prior art.
- the oxidant gas flows unbalanced with respect to the air electrode 21 of the single cell 11, and the oxidant gas can be efficiently distributed. Further, since the separator 12 is not deformed in the gas flow paths 75 and 76, it is possible to prevent a short circuit between the single cells 11 due to the deformation of the separator 12 as in the prior art. As a result, a decrease in the utilization rate of the oxidant gas in the single cell 11 is prevented, and the battery characteristics can be maintained favorably.
- the thickness of the separator 12 is thinner than the thickness of the interconnector 14.
- the separator 12 is likely to be deformed (swelling or the like), but since the separator 12 can be fixed to the fuel electrode frame 13 by forming the welding marks 77 as in the present embodiment, Deformation of the separator 12 in the flow paths 75 and 76 can be reliably suppressed.
- linear linear weld marks 77 are provided in parallel to the extending direction of the gas flow paths 75 and 76. In this way, the separator 12 can be reliably fixed to the fuel electrode frame 13 without hindering the flow of the oxidant gas by the welding marks 77.
- the separator 12 and the fuel electrode frame 13 are formed with holes 60 (60a to 60d) constituting the gas flow path, and the periphery of the hole 60 is formed by welding. Closed circuit-shaped weld marks 71 and 72 to be sealed are formed. In the gas flow paths 75 and 76, a welding mark 77 is provided so as to intersect with the welding mark 72 around the branch hole 60d. In the fuel cell cassette 2, a relatively large gas pressure (the pressure of the oxidant gas flowing through the gas flow path) is applied in the vicinity of the branch hole 60d.
- the separator 12 can be attached to the fuel electrode frame at a portion where a relatively large gas pressure is applied. 13 can be securely fixed, and the deformation of the separator 12 can be prevented.
- welding for joining the separator 12 and the fuel electrode frame 13 is welding by a fiber laser.
- the line width of the welding marks 70 to 72, 77 can be set to about 0.1 mm. Therefore, the separator 12 can be reliably welded to the fuel electrode frame 13 while suppressing thermal distortion, and the sealing performance in the fuel cell cassette 2 can be sufficiently ensured.
- the laser irradiation apparatus 105 can be downsized.
- laser welding is performed in two steps using two types of upper jig 101, and the vertical line portion of laser welding trace 72 around branching hole 60d intersects it. Welding marks 77 are welded separately. If it does in this way, the crossing part of laser welding mark 72 and welding mark 77 can be formed reliably.
- one weld mark 77 is formed for one gas flow path 75, 76.
- a plurality of welding marks 83 may be formed for one gas flow path 81, 82.
- gas flow paths 81 and 82 having a width equal to the long diameter of the hole 60b are formed in the air electrode insulating frame 15 shown in FIG.
- a plurality of welding marks 83 parallel to the extending direction of the gas flow paths 81 and 82 (lateral hole portions) are formed in the gas flow paths 81 and 82 where the separator 12 is exposed. Even in this case, the exposed portion of the separator 12 can be reliably fixed to the fuel electrode frame 13 in the gas flow paths 81 and 82, so that the deformation of the separator 12 can be prevented.
- linear welding marks 77 and 83 parallel to the extending direction of the gas flow paths 75, 76, 81 and 82 (lateral hole portions) are formed as the welding portions.
- a linear welding mark 85 perpendicular to the direction Y1 in which the gas flow path 81 (lateral hole portion) extends may be formed.
- a linear weld mark 86 that is inclined with respect to the direction Y ⁇ b> 1 in which the gas flow path 81 (lateral hole portion) extends may be formed as the weld portion.
- welding marks 87 may be formed as a welded portion in a mesh shape that intersects the vertical and horizontal directions of the gas flow path 81 (horizontal hole portion). Furthermore, the welded portion is not limited to a linear weld mark, and as shown in FIG. 12, a plurality of dots are formed at predetermined intervals in the vertical and horizontal directions of the gas flow path 81 (horizontal hole portion). A welding mark 88 may be formed. In this manner, by forming the plurality of welds 85 to 88 for one gas flow path 81, the exposed portion of the separator 12 in the gas flow path 81 can be reliably fixed to the fuel electrode frame 13. And the deformation of the separator 12 in the gas flow path 81 can be prevented.
- the welding mark 77 is formed for each of the gas flow paths 75 and 76, but is not limited to this, and intersects with the plurality of gas flow paths 75 and 76.
- a relatively long linear welding mark may be formed.
- a linear welding mark is formed in a crank shape or a zigzag shape, and a part thereof is exposed in the gas flow paths 75 and 76. Even in this case, the exposed portion of the separator 12 in the gas flow paths 75 and 76 can be fixed to the fuel electrode frame 13, and deformation of the separator 12 can be prevented.
- the fuel electrode frame 13 and the air electrode insulating frame 15 are formed with the same outer dimensions, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the inner end 78 of the fuel electrode frame 13 may be arranged so as to protrude beyond the inner end 79 of the air electrode insulating frame 15 to the cell side.
- a linear welding mark is formed at a portion where the separator 12 is exposed in the gas flow paths 75 and 76 so as to protrude from the inner end 79 of the air electrode insulating frame 15 to the cell side. 77 is formed.
- the separator 12 is fixed to the fuel electrode frame 13 by the welding marks 77 in the vicinity of the outlet of the gas passage 75 formed in the air electrode insulating frame 15 and in the vicinity of the inlet of the gas passage 76. And the deformation of the separator 12 can be reliably prevented.
- the inner end 79 of the air electrode insulating frame 15 may be disposed so as to protrude beyond the inner end 78 of the fuel electrode frame 13 to the cell side.
- the portions where the separator 12 is exposed in the gas flow paths 75 and 76 are linear so as not to protrude from the inner end 79 of the air electrode insulating frame 15 to the cell side.
- a welding mark 77 is formed. When the welding mark 77 is formed in this way, it is possible to avoid laser welding on a portion where the fuel electrode frame 13 does not exist.
- the welding marks 77, 83, 85 to 88 are formed by laser welding using a fiber laser.
- laser welding using a carbon dioxide gas laser or a YAG laser is used.
- a weld may be formed at.
- the welded portion may be formed by other methods such as seamless welding (resistance welding) or brazing.
- the invention is embodied in a solid oxide fuel cell.
- other fuel cells such as a molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) may be embodied in addition to this.
- MCFC molten carbonate fuel cell
- the fuel cell cassette according to (4) means 1, wherein the first frame is a metal frame formed in a rectangular frame shape using a metal plate.
- the inner end of the first frame is disposed so as to protrude to the cell side from the inner end of the second frame, and the welded portion is more than the inner end of the second frame.
- a fuel cell cassette which is a linear laser welding mark formed so as to protrude from the side.
- the inner end of the second frame is disposed so as to protrude beyond the inner end of the first frame toward the cell side, and the welded portion is located closer to the cell than the inner end of the second frame.
- a fuel cell cassette which is a linear laser welding mark formed so as not to protrude to the side.
- the manifold formed in each fuel cell cassette has a vertical hole extending in the stacking direction of the fuel cell cassette, and the fuel cell connected to the vertical hole.
- a gas passage having a horizontal hole extending in a direction perpendicular to the stacking direction so as to branch or gather the gas flow path connected to the gas flow path, and the weld is formed in a portion exposed in the horizontal hole.
- the welded portion has a linear laser welding mark formed so as to intersect with the plurality of the lateral hole portions.
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Abstract
Description
3…燃料電池スタック
11…単セル
12…セパレータ
13…第1フレームとしての燃料極フレーム
14…インタコネクタ
15…第2フレームとしての空気極絶縁フレーム
19…セパレータの一方の表面
20…セパレータの他方の表面
21…空気極
22…燃料極
23…電解質層としての固体電解質層
34…第1フレームの一方の表面
35…第1フレームの他方の表面
50…ガス流路としての燃料供給経路
51…ガス流路としての燃料排出経路
60,60a~60d…穴部
72…閉回路形状の溶接痕
75,76,81,82…ガス流路
77,83,85~88…溶接部としての溶接痕
L1…レーザ
Claims (7)
- 燃料極、空気極及び電解質層を有する平板状の単セルと、
前記単セルの側面を囲むように配置される枠状の第1フレームと、
前記単セルの周縁部に接合されるとともに、前記第1フレームの一方の表面に配置されて、前記空気極に接する酸化剤ガス及び前記燃料極に接する燃料ガスを分離するセパレータと、
前記第1フレームにおいて前記セパレータが配置される一方の表面の裏面側となる他方の表面に配置される板状のインタコネクタと、
を積層してなる燃料電池カセットであって、
前記セパレータ及び前記第1フレームが溶接にて接合されるとともに、
前記セパレータにおいて、前記第1フレームが配置される一方の表面の裏面側となる他方の表面に配置される第2フレームを更に有し、
前記第2フレームの部分に、前記酸化剤ガス及び前記燃料ガスを流すガス流路が形成されており、
前記ガス流路内において前記セパレータが露出する部位に形成され、前記セパレータの露出する部位を前記第1フレームに固定する溶接部を備えることを特徴とする燃料電池カセット。 - 1つの前記ガス流路に対する前記溶接部として、溶接により形成される複数の溶接痕を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の燃料電池カセット。
- 前記セパレータの厚みは、前記インタコネクタの厚みより薄いことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の燃料電池カセット。
- 前記溶接部は、溶接により形成される線状の溶接痕であり、前記ガス流路の延びる方向に対して平行に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の燃料電池カセット。
- 前記第1フレーム及び前記セパレータには、前記酸化剤ガス及び前記燃料ガスを流すガス流路を構成する穴部が、それぞれ形成されるとともに、溶接により前記穴部の周囲を封止する閉回路形状の溶接痕が形成され、
前記溶接部は、前記溶接により形成される線状の溶接痕であり、前記穴部の周囲の溶接痕に交差するよう設けられている
ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項に記載の燃料電池カセット。 - 前記溶接は、レーザによる溶接であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至5のいずれか1項に記載の燃料電池カセット。
- 請求項1乃至6のいずれか1項に記載の前記燃料電池カセットを、複数個積層したことを特徴とする燃料電池スタック。
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KR1020167018912A KR101822775B1 (ko) | 2014-01-15 | 2015-01-13 | 연료전지 카세트 및 연료전지 스택 |
CN201580004893.XA CN105917507B (zh) | 2014-01-15 | 2015-01-13 | 燃料电池盒及燃料电池堆 |
US15/111,222 US10707499B2 (en) | 2014-01-15 | 2015-01-13 | Fuel cell cassette and fuel cell stack |
EP15737261.6A EP3096381B1 (en) | 2014-01-15 | 2015-01-13 | Fuel cell cassette and fuel cell stack |
DK15737261.6T DK3096381T3 (en) | 2014-01-15 | 2015-01-13 | Fuel cell cartridge and fuel cell stack |
JP2015557825A JP6039110B2 (ja) | 2014-01-15 | 2015-01-13 | 固体酸化物形燃料電池用の燃料電池カセット及び燃料電池スタック |
CA2936662A CA2936662C (en) | 2014-01-15 | 2015-01-13 | Fuel cell cassette and fuel cell stack |
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KR (1) | KR101822775B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN105917507B (ja) |
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CA2936662A1 (en) | 2015-07-23 |
KR101822775B1 (ko) | 2018-01-26 |
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US10707499B2 (en) | 2020-07-07 |
CN105917507B (zh) | 2018-06-19 |
KR20160098414A (ko) | 2016-08-18 |
EP3096381A4 (en) | 2017-09-27 |
CA2936662C (en) | 2018-06-26 |
DK3096381T3 (en) | 2019-02-18 |
EP3096381A1 (en) | 2016-11-23 |
EP3096381B1 (en) | 2018-10-24 |
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US20160336605A1 (en) | 2016-11-17 |
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