WO2015103908A1 - 铣刨机洒水控制系统及其控制方法 - Google Patents

铣刨机洒水控制系统及其控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015103908A1
WO2015103908A1 PCT/CN2014/092281 CN2014092281W WO2015103908A1 WO 2015103908 A1 WO2015103908 A1 WO 2015103908A1 CN 2014092281 W CN2014092281 W CN 2014092281W WO 2015103908 A1 WO2015103908 A1 WO 2015103908A1
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milling machine
hydraulic
milling
depth
water
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PCT/CN2014/092281
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English (en)
French (fr)
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徐廷建
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戴纳派克（中国）压实摊铺设备有限公司
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Publication of WO2015103908A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015103908A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C23/00—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
    • E01C23/06—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road
    • E01C23/08—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for roughening or patterning; for removing the surface down to a predetermined depth high spots or material bonded to the surface, e.g. markings; for maintaining earth roads, clay courts or like surfaces by means of surface working tools, e.g. scarifiers, levelling blades
    • E01C23/085—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for roughening or patterning; for removing the surface down to a predetermined depth high spots or material bonded to the surface, e.g. markings; for maintaining earth roads, clay courts or like surfaces by means of surface working tools, e.g. scarifiers, levelling blades using power-driven tools, e.g. vibratory tools
    • E01C23/088—Rotary tools, e.g. milling drums

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a milling machine control system, in particular to a milling machine sprinkler control system and a control method thereof, and a milling machine with the sprinkling control system.
  • the milling machine is one of the main types of pavement maintenance operations. It is used to maintain the rut, shovel, crack and other diseases of the asphalt pavement. It is damaged by the milling rotor installed in the milling rotor casing. The road surface is milled and the milled old material is cleaned and recycled through a belt conveyor to lay a new road surface.
  • the milling machine is also widely used for surface roughening of cement pavements, that is, cutting about 1 cm on the surface of the cement road surface, thereby obtaining a flat, rough and clean surface, and preparing a high-quality surface for the subsequent asphalt paving.
  • the sprinkler system plays an important role in the operation of the milling machine, including reducing dust, cooling and rinsing the cutter head, and protecting the conveyor belt.
  • the sprinkler system of the milling machine is composed of a water tank, a driving motor, a centrifugal water pump, an electromagnetic water valve, a water pipe, a nozzle and the like.
  • the hydraulic motor drives the centrifugal water pump at a fixed rotational speed, and the water stored in the water tank is pressurized by the centrifugal water pump and ejected from the nozzle at a fixed spray flow rate.
  • the demand for spray flow during the operation of the milling machine is dynamically changed.
  • a large spray flow rate is required, and when the depth of cut is small, only a small spray flow rate is required.
  • the spraying flow rate of the existing sprinkler system is a fixed value.
  • a relatively large flow rate is generally designed, which will inevitably waste precious water resources, increase the number of water additions, and delay the construction progress.
  • the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a milling machine sprinkler control system and a control method thereof that can change the sprinkling amount in real time according to different depths of cut, and a milling machine having the sprinkling control system.
  • the present invention provides a milling machine sprinkler control system comprising a hydraulic control circuit and a waterway disposed on a milling machine body, the waterway including a waterway pipe, the waterway pipe including a water pump and a water pump Sprinkler device, the hydraulic control circuit including its oil inlet and The oil outlets are respectively connected with a hydraulic oil pipeline located on the hydraulic oil tank of the milling machine body, and the hydraulic oil pipeline is provided with a hydraulic pump in sequence from one end of the oil inlet port and is used for driving the water pump to run at the same speed a hydraulic motor, wherein the hydraulic control circuit is further provided with an adjusting device for adjusting the rotational speed of the hydraulic motor, the adjusting device and the adjusting device mounted on the milling machine body according to the milling working condition
  • the control device that controls the amount of sprinkling is electrically connected.
  • control device regulates a current delivered to the adjusting device according to a milling condition, and the adjusting device adjusts a flow rate of the hydraulic oil flowing into the hydraulic motor according to the magnitude of the received current to achieve a The adjustment of the hydraulic motor speed.
  • the adjusting device is located between the hydraulic motor and the hydraulic pump, and the adjusting device comprises an electromagnetic switching valve and a proportional speed regulating valve each provided with a coil, and the control device and the proportional speed regulating valve respectively It is electrically connected to the electromagnetic switch valve.
  • control device comprises a programmable controller, further comprising a left depth of cut displacement sensor, both of which is disposed on the milling machine body for measuring the depth of cut of the left side of the milling machine, for measuring the milling machine a right depth of cut displacement sensor of the right depth of cut and a travel speed sensor for measuring the travel speed of the milling machine, the travel speed sensor being mounted on a travel motor disposed on the body of the milling machine;
  • the programmable controller is electrically connected to the left depth-of-depth displacement sensor, the right depth-of-depth displacement sensor and the traveling speed sensor respectively to receive the left cutting depth of the milling machine, the cutting depth on the right side of the milling machine, and the milling Machine speed.
  • a milling machine comprising the above-mentioned milling machine sprinkling control system, further comprising: the milling machine body, a water tank disposed on the milling machine body and communicating with one end of the water pipeline, and both are disposed at a milling drum and a belt conveyor on the body of the milling machine; wherein the watering device includes a milling drum nozzle for cooling the milling drum and a belt nozzle for cleaning the belt conveyor; The shaft is connected to a hydraulic motor.
  • step S1 specifically collects the left cutting depth value H L of the milling machine, the right cutting depth value H R of the milling machine, and the traveling speed value V of the milling machine in real time.
  • step S2 specifically includes:
  • the programmable controller controls the coil current of the electromagnetic on-off valve and the coil current of the proportional speed control valve in real time according to the sprinkling water amount value Q to adjust the hydraulic oil flow rate.
  • the method further comprises:
  • Step S211 determining that when the average depth of cut H is less than a predetermined value, the amount of sprinkling water Q is a constant value, when the average depth of cut is greater than or equal to the preset value, step S22;
  • the preset value is any one of 0.02 to 0.3
  • the constant value is any one of 0.015 to 0.02.
  • the beneficial effect of the invention is that, when the milling machine is working, the programmable controller calculates the H L , H R , V measured by each sensor through the set calculation formula, and performs real-time calculation by the presence or absence of the transmission current. And the size control of the opening and closing of the electromagnetic on-off valve and the flow rate of the proportional speed control valve respectively, so that the flow rate of the hydraulic oil flowing into the hydraulic motor is limited, thereby controlling the rotation speed of the water pump to adapt the amount of water flowing into the sprinkling device to the depth of cut. This not only saves water resources, but also greatly reduces the number of water additions and improves the construction progress.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a sprinkler control system for a milling machine of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a control flow chart of an embodiment of a milling machine sprinkler control system of the present invention.
  • the milling machine sprinkler control system of the present invention includes a hydraulic control circuit and a water circuit disposed on a milling machine body (not shown), wherein the waterway includes a water pump 9 and is connected to the water pump 9. a water pipe 8 of the sprinkler device, the water pipe 8 is connected to the water source at one end; the hydraulic control circuit includes a hydraulic oil pipe 3 whose oil inlet and outlet are connected to the hydraulic oil tank 1 located on the milling machine body, the hydraulic oil
  • the pipeline 3 is provided with a hydraulic pump 2 and a hydraulic motor 6 for driving the water pump 9 at the same speed from the end of the oil inlet port.
  • both ends of the hydraulic control pipe 3 need to be immersed in the hydraulic oil to facilitate hydraulic pressure.
  • the pump 2 draws hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil tank 1 and pressurizes the hydraulic oil, and prevents the hydraulic oil from flowing through the hydraulic motor 6 and then splashing into the hydraulic oil tank 1, causing waste of resources.
  • the hydraulic control circuit is further provided with an adjusting device for adjusting the rotational speed of the hydraulic motor 6, and the adjusting device and the control device mounted on the milling machine body for adjusting the adjusting device according to the milling condition and controlling the amount of water sprinkling Electrical connection.
  • the control device adjusts the adjusting device by transmitting a corresponding current according to the milling condition, and the adjusting device adjusts the hydraulic oil flowing into the hydraulic motor 6 according to the received current to achieve the starting of the hydraulic motor 6 . With the adjustment of the speed.
  • control device includes a left depth of cut displacement sensor 10, a right depth of cut displacement sensor 17, a travel speed sensor 18, and a programmable controller 12.
  • the left depth-of-depth displacement sensor 10 is mounted on the milling machine body, and one end of the milling machine is provided with a rope sleeve 11 for hooking on the left side plate of the milling machine body, so that the left-side depth-of-depth displacement sensor 10 is on the left side.
  • the left cutting depth H L can be sensed when the side plates are moving.
  • the depth of cut on the left side displacement sensor 10 and the other end of the programmable controller 12 is electrically connected to the left sensed milling machine cutting depth H L are transmitted to the programmable controller 12 is calculated.
  • the right depth of cut displacement sensor 17 is also disposed on the milling machine body, and has a ferrule 11 having one end hooked with the right side plate of the milling machine body, and the other end of which is also electrically connected to the programmable controller 12,
  • the sensed cutting depth H R of the milling machine is sent to the programmable controller 12 for calculation.
  • the milling machine body is further provided with a traveling motor (not shown), and the traveling motor is fixed with a traveling speed sensor 18 for measuring the traveling speed V of the milling machine, and one end thereof is also matched with the programmable controller. 12 connections for transmitting data V to the programmable controller 12.
  • the adjusting device comprises an electromagnetic switching valve and a proportional speed regulating valve both disposed on the hydraulic oil pipeline, wherein the proportional speed regulating valve 5 is located between the hydraulic motor 6 and the electromagnetic switching valve 4, the electromagnetic switching valve 4 and the proportional speed regulating valve 5 Each has a coil, and one end of the coil is connected to the programmable controller 12, and the size of the coil current of the electromagnetic on-off valve 4 by the programmable controller 12 is cut off, supplied, and transmitted to the proportional speed regulating valve 5
  • the start and stop of the hydraulic motor 6 and the adjustment of the rotational speed are realized, thereby indirectly realizing the adjustment of the pumping amount of the water pump 9.
  • the proportional speed regulating valve 5 of the embodiment is specifically
  • the electro-hydraulic proportional speed regulating valve comprises a valve body, a fixed pressure reducing valve, a throttle valve body, a push rod, both located inside the valve body, and is electrically connected to the outside of the valve body and to the throttle valve spool a proportional electromagnet (not shown) wound with a coil, wherein when the current flows into the coil, the throttle valve spool is moved by the electromagnetic force to control the size of the opening for the hydraulic oil to flow, That is, the throttle valve spool adjusts the opening according to the magnitude of the current in the coil, thereby controlling the hydraulic oil flow.
  • the invention also discloses a milling machine with the above-mentioned milling machine sprinkler control system, which comprises a milling machine sprinkling control system, a milling machine body equipped with a milling machine sprinkling control system, and are all arranged on the milling machine body.
  • a water tank communicating with one end of the water pipe, a milling drum 14 for cutting, and a belt conveyor 16.
  • the sprinkler apparatus in the milling machine is a milling drum nozzle 13 located above the milling drum 14 for cooling the milling drum 14 and a belt nozzle 13 located above the belt conveyor 16 for flushing impurities to the belt conveyor 16.
  • the milling drum nozzles 13 are three arranged side by side.
  • the milling drum nozzles 13 may be additionally arranged according to the width of the milling drums 14, and the belt conveyor nozzles 15 may be provided in plurality.
  • the hydraulic motor 6 is operated by driving the water pump 9 through the coupling 19.
  • the invention also discloses a control method of a milling machine sprinkling system, which comprises three steps: S1: collecting the working condition information value of the milling machine in real time; S2: calculating the sprinkling water value according to the working condition value; S3: Adjust the hydraulic oil flow rate according to the amount of sprinkling water.
  • the left depth of cut displacement sensor 10, the right depth of cut displacement sensor 17, and the traveling speed sensor 18 respectively measure the depth of cut and the traveling speed of the milling machine, and then transmit the data to the programmable controller 12,
  • the sprinkling demand Q of the milling machine is proportional to the cutting amount U per unit time, which can make the beneficial effects more significant, namely:
  • K1 is the empirical constant, generally using the manufacturer's recommended value, the operator can also set it, the value range is 0.06-0.1; the driving speed V and the average depth of cut displacement H are dynamic variables, through the programmable controller 12 The received information is read in real time.
  • K2 is also an empirical constant, and the value range is preferably 2-4.
  • the programmable controller 12 obtains information from the left depth of cut displacement sensor 10 and the right depth of cut displacement sensor 17 to obtain V and H to calculate the sprinkling demand Q, and then calculates a specific value by the coil flow formula.
  • the real-time control of the coil current I of the proportional speed regulating valve 5 is realized, and the pumping amount of the water pump 9 is dynamically controlled.
  • a preset value H needs to be input in the programmable controller 12.
  • S which preferably ranges from 0.02 m to 0.3 m, which is the average depth of cut of the milling drum 14 from the time of contact with the ground to the normal high speed operation.
  • Q sprinkler demand to maintain a fixed constant value Q T, preferably in the range 0.015 (m 3 /min)-0.02(m 3 / min ). Avoid waste of water resources, while reducing the number of water additions and improving work efficiency.
  • the sprinkling demand Q is zero.
  • the sprinkling demand Q is Q T
  • the coil current I input to the proportional speed regulating valve 5 is K2* Q T
  • the electromagnetic on-off valve 4 is opened, and the hydraulic motor 6 drives the water pump 9 to perform watering operation at a certain rotation speed.
  • the average depth of cut H is greater than or equal to H S
  • the left depth of cut sensor 10 and the right depth of cut The displacement sensor 17 measures the depth of cut of the left and right sides, respectively, and supplies the obtained H L , H R to the programmable controller 12 to calculate the average depth of cut H.
  • Q K1 * V * H * W
  • I K2 * Q
  • the calculations of Q and I are respectively performed to control the rotational speed of the water pump 9 to produce a sprinkling flow rate that is adapted to the average depth of cut H and the travel speed V.
  • the electromagnetic on-off valve 4 is first closed to prevent the hydraulic oil from starting the hydraulic motor 6 to drive the water pump 9, so that the sprinkling demand Q is zero, thereby blocking the supply of current to the coil of the proportional speed regulating valve 5.
  • the milling machine stops cutting, and the milling operation ends. If I and Q are not zero, it indicates that the milling operation is not finished, and the system automatically returns to the steps of reading H L and H R . Wherein, when the average depth of cut H is not greater than zero, the process returns to the previous step (ie, the water demand Q is zero); when H is less than H S , the process returns to the previous step (ie, continues to sprinkle with a constant value Q T ).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

一种铣刨机洒水控制系统、一种铣刨机及铣刨机洒水控制系统的控制方法，其中该铣刨机洒水控制系统包括设置在铣刨机本体上的液压控制回路及水路，所述水路包括水路管道(8)，所述水路管道(8)包括水泵(9)及与水泵(9)相连通的洒水设备，所述液压控制回路包括其进油口与出油口均与位于所述铣刨机本体上的液压油箱(1)连通的液压油管道(3)，所述液压油管道(3)上自进油口一端起依次设有液压泵(2)和用于驱动所述水泵(9)与其同速运转的液压马达(6)，所述液压控制回路中还设有用于调节所述液压马达(6)转速的调节装置，所述调节装置与安装于所述铣刨机本体上的根据铣刨工况调控所述调节装置进而控制洒水量的控制装置电连接。采用该铣刨机洒水控制系统、铣刨机及铣刨机洒水控制方法，可根据实际切削工况进行相适宜的洒水，节省水源。

Description

铣刨机洒水控制系统及其控制方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种铣刨机控制系统，特别涉及一种铣刨机洒水控制系统及其控制方法，以及具有该洒水控制系统的铣刨机。
背景技术
铣刨机是路面养护作业的主要机种之一，用于对沥青路面的车辙、痈包、龟裂等病害进行养护作业，其通过安装在铣刨转子罩壳内的铣刨转子对已损路面进行铣削，并通过皮带输料机对铣削的旧料进行清理和回收，以便铺设新路面。铣刨机还广泛应用于水泥路面的表面拉毛，即在就的水泥路面表层切削1cm左右，从而获得平整、粗糙、清洁的表面，为接下来的沥青摊铺准备优质的表面。
在铣刨机工作的过程中，洒水系统起到十分重要的作用，包括减少灰尘、冷却与冲洗刀头、保护输料皮带。铣刨机的洒水系统抓哟由水箱、驱动马达、离心水泵、电磁水阀、水管、喷嘴等组成。在现有的铣刨机洒水系统里，液压马达以固定的转速驱动离心水泵，储存在水箱里的水经由离心水泵加压后以固定的喷洒流量从喷嘴喷出。但是铣刨机工作过程中对喷洒流量的需求是动态变化的，例如在切削深度大时就要求较大的喷洒流量，而切削深度小时就只需要较小的喷洒流量。现有洒水系统的喷洒流量为固定值，为了兼顾不同的工况，一般设计一个比较大的流量，而这势必会浪费宝贵的水资源，同时增加了加水次数，耽误施工进度。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的问题是，提供一种可根据不同切削深度而对洒水量实时变化的铣刨机洒水控制系统及其控制方法，以及提供一种具有该洒水控制系统的铣刨机。
为了解决上述问题，本发明提供一种铣刨机洒水控制系统，包括设置在铣刨机本体上的液压控制回路及水路，所述水路包括水路管道，所述水路管道包括水泵及与水泵相连通的洒水设备，所述液压控制回路包括其进油口与 出油口均与位于所述铣刨机本体上的液压油箱连通的液压油管道，所述液压油管道上自进油口一端起依次设有液压泵和用于驱动所述水泵与其同速运转的液压马达，所述液压控制回路中还设有用于调节所述液压马达转速的调节装置，所述调节装置与安装于所述铣刨机本体上的根据铣刨工况调控所述调节装置进而控制洒水量的控制装置电连接。
作为优选，所述控制装置根据铣刨工况对输送至所述调节装置的电流进行调控，所述调节装置根据接收的电流大小对流入所述液压马达内的液压油流量进行调节从而达到对所述液压马达转速的调节。
作为优选，所述调节装置位于所述液压马达和液压泵之间，所述调节装置包括内部均设有线圈的电磁开关阀与比例调速阀，所述控制装置分别与所述比例调速阀和电磁开关阀电连接。
作为优选，所述控制装置包括可编程控制器，还包括均设置在所述铣刨机本体上的用于测量铣刨机左侧切削深度的左侧切深位移传感器、用于测量铣刨机右侧切削深度的右侧切深位移传感器以及用于测量铣刨机行驶速度的行驶速度传感器，所述行驶速度传感器安装于设置在铣刨机本体上的行走马达上；
所述可编程控制器分别与所述左侧切深位移传感器、右侧切深位移传感器和行驶速度传感器电连接以分别接收铣刨机左侧切削深度、铣刨机右侧切削深度和铣刨机行驶速度。
同时公开一种铣刨机，包括上述的铣刨机洒水控制系统，还包括所述铣刨机本体、设置在所述铣刨机本体上与所述水路管道一端连通的水箱，以及均设置在所述铣刨机本体上的铣刨鼓和皮带机；其中所述洒水设备包括用于对铣刨鼓冷却的铣刨鼓喷嘴和用于对皮带机清洗的皮带机喷嘴；所述水泵通过联轴器与液压马达连接。
同时公开一种基于上述的铣刨机洒水控制系统的控制方法，包括以下步骤：
S1：实时采集所述铣刨机的工况信息数值；
S2：根据所述工况数值计算出洒水量数值；
S3：根据洒水量数值调整液压油流量。
作为优选，步骤S1具体为实时采集所述铣刨机的左侧切削深度数值HL、所述铣刨机的右侧切削深度数值HR和所述铣刨机的行驶速度数值V。
作为优选，步骤S2具体包括：
S21：计算平均切削深度H：H＝0.5×(HL+HR)；
S22：计算切削方量U：U＝V×H×W，其中W为铣刨鼓的宽度；
S23：计算洒水量数值Q：Q＝K1×U，其中K1为常数，其为0.06至0.1中的任一值。
作为优选，步骤S3具体为由可编程控制器根据洒水量数值Q实时控制对电磁开关阀的线圈电流及比例调速阀的线圈电流的大小以调整液压油流量。
作为优选，还包括:
步骤S211：判断当平均切削深度H小于一预设值时，保持洒水量数值Q为一恒定值，当平均切削深度大于或等于所述预设值时，执行步骤S22；
其中，所述预设值为0.02至0.3中的任一值，所述恒定值为0.015至0.02中的任一值。
本发明的有益效果在于，在铣刨机工作时，可编程控制器通过设定好的计算公式，利用各传感器分别测量出的HL，HR，V进行实时计算，通过传输电流的有无和大小分别对电磁开关阀的开启与闭合和比例调速阀的流量值进行调控，使流入液压马达的液压油流量得到限制，从而控制水泵的转速使流入洒水设备内的水量与切削深度适配，这样不仅节约了水资源，同时大大减少了加水次数，提高了施工进度。
附图说明
图1为本发明的铣刨机洒水控制系统一实施例的结构示意图。
图2为本发明的铣刨机洒水控制系统一实施例的控制流程图。
附图标记：
1-液压油箱；2-液压泵；3-液压油管道；4-电磁开关阀；5-比例调速阀；6-液压马达；7-水箱；8-水路管道；9-水泵；10-左侧切深位移传感器；11-绳套；12-可编程控制器；13-铣刨鼓喷嘴；14-铣刨鼓；15-皮带机喷嘴；16-皮带机；17-右侧切深位移传感器；18-行驶速度传感器；19-联轴器。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的进行详细描述。
如图1所示，本发明的铣刨机洒水控制系统包括设置在铣刨机本体(图中未示出)上的液压控制回路和水路，其中水路包括设有水泵9及与水泵9相连通的洒水设备的水路管道8，该水路管道8一端连通水源；液压控制回路包括其进油口与出油口均与位于铣刨机本体上的液压油箱1连通的液压油管道3，该液压油管道3上自进油口一端起依次设有液压泵2和用于驱动水泵9与其同速运转的液压马达6，本实施例中，液压控制管道3的两端需浸入液压油中，方便液压泵2从液压油箱1里渉取液压油，并对液压油加压，且可防止液压油流经液压马达6后流入液压油箱1中时迸溅，造成资源浪费。
优选地，液压控制回路中还设有用于调节所述液压马达6转速的调节装置，该调节装置与安装于铣刨机本体上的可根据铣刨工况调控调节装置进而控制洒水量的控制装置电连接。具体为，该控制装置为根据铣刨工况通过输送相应的电流对调节装置进行调控的，调节装置根据接收的电流大小再对流入液压马达6内的液压油进行调节从而达到对液压马达6启动与转速的调节。
进一步地，该控制装置包括左侧切深位移传感器10、右侧切深位移传感器17、行驶速度传感器18以及可编程控制器12。其中左侧切深位移传感器10安装于铣刨机本体上，其一端设有一个绳套11，用于勾套在铣刨机本体的左侧板上，使左侧切深位移传感器10在左侧板运动时可以感应到左侧切削深度HL。该左侧切深位移传感器10另一端与可编程控制器12电连接，以便将感测到的铣刨机左侧切削深度HL传递至可编程控制器12中进行计算。右侧切深位移传感器17同样设置在铣刨机本体上，且具有一端与铣刨机本体的右侧板相勾套的绳套11，其另一端同样与可编程控制器12电连接，用于将感测到的铣刨机右侧切削深度HR输送至可编程控制器12中进行计算。另外，铣刨机本体上还设有行走马达(图中未示出)，该行走马达上固定装有测量铣刨机的行驶速度V的行驶速度传感器18，其一端也同样与可编程控制器12连接，用于传输数据V至可编程控制器12中。
该调节装置包括均设置在液压油管道上的电磁开关阀与比例调速阀，其中比例调速阀5位于液压马达6和电磁开关阀4之间，电磁开关阀4与比例调速阀5内均具有线圈，且其设有线圈的一端均与可编程控制器12连接，通过可编程控制器12对电磁开关阀4的停电、供电及传输至比例调速阀5的线圈电流的大小的改变实现对液压马达6的启动与停止以及转速的调节，从而间接实现对水泵9的泵水量的调节。其中，本实施例的比例调速阀5具体为 电液比例调速阀，其包括阀体、均位于阀体内部的定差减压阀、节流阀阀芯、推杆以及与位于所述阀体外且与所述节流阀阀芯电连接的绕有线圈的比例电磁铁(图中未示出)，当电流流向所述线圈内，所述节流阀阀芯受电磁力影响而进行移动以控制供液压油流通的开口的大小，也就是所述节流阀阀芯根据线圈内电流的大小对开口进行调节，进而控制液压油流量。
本发明同时公开一种具有上述铣刨机洒水控制系统的铣刨机，包括铣刨机洒水控制系统、装设有铣刨机洒水控制系统的铣刨机本体和均设置在铣刨机本体上的与水路管道一端连通的水箱、用于切削的铣刨鼓14、皮带机16。
本铣刨机中的洒水设备为位于铣刨鼓14上方的用于为铣刨鼓14洒水降温的铣刨鼓喷嘴13和位于皮带机16上方用于为皮带机16冲洗杂质的皮带机喷嘴15，其中，铣刨鼓喷嘴13为并排设置的三个，当然可以根据铣刨鼓14的宽度另进行设置，皮带机喷嘴15亦可设置多个。另外，液压马达6是通过联轴器19驱动水泵9运转的。
本发明还同时公开一种铣刨机洒水系统的控制方法，包括三个步骤：S1：实时采集所述铣刨机的工况信息数值；S2：根据所述工况数值计算出洒水量数值；S3：根据洒水量数值调整液压油流量。
具体地，左侧切深位移传感器10、右侧切深位移传感器17、行驶速度传感器18分别对铣刨机的切深位移及行驶速度进行测量，然后将数据传输至可编程控制器12中，可编程控制器12将接收到的数据首先进行平均切削深度H的计算，即H＝0.5*(HL+HR)，接着对单位时间内的平均切削方量U进行计算，即U＝V*H*W(m3/min)，其中W为铣刨鼓14的宽度。为了获得更好的降尘与冷却效果，铣刨机的洒水需求量Q与单位时间内的切削方量U成正比可使有益效果更为显著，即：
Q＝K1*U＝K1*V*H*W
其中K1是经验常数，一般使用制造商的推荐值，操作人员也可自行设定，其数值范围为0.06-0.1；该行驶速度V和平均切深位移H均为动态变量，通过可编程控制器12接收到的信息实时读取。
进一步地，比例调速阀5的液压油的流量与其内部线圈中的电流I成正比，也就是液压马达6的转速与比例调速阀5的线圈电流I成正比，而液压马达6的转速又与水泵9的输出流量(即洒水需求量Q)成正比，所以：比例调速阀5的线圈电流I＝K2*Q。K2同为经验常数，数值范围优选为2-4。 铣刨作业时，可编程控制器12从左侧切深位移传感器10和右侧切深位移传感器17中获取信息得出V和H计算出洒水需求量Q，然后通过线圈流量公式计算出具体数值实现对比例调速阀5的线圈电流I的实时控制，进而动态控制水泵9的泵水量。
优选地，当铣刨机从静止到刚刚进入工作时，其行驶速度V起伏较低，但此时同样需要一定的洒水需求量Q，因此需在可编程控制器12中输入一个预设值HS，其优选范围为0.02m-0.3m，该数值为铣刨鼓14从接触地面开始至到达正常高速工作状态时的平均切削深度。在铣刨机的切削深度到达HS的这段时间内，洒水需求量Q保持一个固定的恒定值QT，优选范围为0.015(m3/min)-0.02(m3/min)。避免造成对水资源的浪费，同时尽可能的减少加水次数，提高工作效率。
具体操作流程如图2所示：
将要开始铣刨作业时，洒水需求量Q为零，进入铣刨作业时，当切削深度H大于零时，洒水需求量Q为QT，输入至比例调速阀5的线圈电流I为K2*QT，此时电磁开关阀4开启，液压马达6按一定的转速驱动水泵9运转进行洒水作业，当平均切削深度H大于或等于HS时，左侧切深位移传感器10与右侧切深位移传感器17分别对左右两侧的切深位移进行测量，并将获得的HL、HR输送至可编程控制器12计算出平均切削深度H。与此同时，行驶速度传感器18对行驶速度V也进行测量并将测量值输入到可编程控制器12内，可编程控制器12根据公式Q＝K1*V*H*W，I＝K2*Q分别对Q和I进行计算，从而控制水泵9的转速使产生与平均切削深度H和行驶速度V相适配的洒水流量。当要结束铣刨作业时，先将电磁开关阀4关闭，阻止液压油启动液压马达6使其带动水泵9，使洒水需求量Q为零，从而阻断对比例调速阀5的线圈提供电流，即I＝0，此时铣刨机便停止切削，铣刨作业结束，若I与Q不为零时，说明铣刨作业未结束，系统自动返回至读取HL、HR的步骤。其中，当平均切削深度H不大于零时，返回上一步骤(即洒水需求量Q为零)；H小于HS时同样返回上一步骤(即继续以恒定值QT进行洒水)。
以上实施例仅为本发明的示例性实施例，不用于限制本发明，本发明的保护范围由权利要求书限定。本领域技术人员可以在本发明的实质和保护范 围内，对本发明做出各种修改或等同替换，这种修改或等同替换也应视为落在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种铣刨机洒水控制系统，包括设置在铣刨机本体上的液压控制回路及水路，所述水路包括水路管道，所述水路管道包括水泵及与水泵相连通的洒水设备，所述液压控制回路包括其进油口与出油口均与位于所述铣刨机本体上的液压油箱连通的液压油管道，所述液压油管道上自进油口一端起依次设有液压泵和用于驱动所述水泵与其同速运转的液压马达，其特征在于，所述液压控制回路中还设有用于调节所述液压马达转速的调节装置，所述调节装置与安装于所述铣刨机本体上的根据铣刨工况调控所述调节装置进而控制洒水量的控制装置电连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的铣刨机洒水控制系统，其特征在于，所述控制装置根据铣刨工况对输送至所述调节装置的电流进行调控，所述调节装置根据接收的电流大小对流入所述液压马达内的液压油流量进行调节从而达到对所述液压马达转速的调节。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的铣刨机洒水控制系统，其特征在于，所述调节装置位于所述液压马达和液压泵之间，所述调节装置包括内部均设有线圈的电磁开关阀与比例调速阀，所述控制装置分别与所述比例调速阀和电磁开关阀电连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的铣刨机洒水控制系统，其特征在于，所述控制装置包括可编程控制器，还包括均设置在所述铣刨机本体上的用于测量铣刨机左侧切削深度的左侧切深位移传感器、用于测量铣刨机右侧切削深度的右侧切深位移传感器以及用于测量铣刨机行驶速度的行驶速度传感器，所述行驶速度传感器安装于设置在铣刨机本体上的行走马达上；
    所述可编程控制器分别与所述左侧切深位移传感器、右侧切深位移传感器和行驶速度传感器电连接以分别接收铣刨机左侧切削深度、铣刨机右侧切削深度和铣刨机行驶速度。
  5. 一种铣刨机，其特征在于，包括根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的铣刨机洒水控制系统，还包括所述铣刨机本体、设置在所述铣刨机本体上与所述水路管道一端连通的水箱，以及均设置在所述铣刨机本体上的铣刨鼓和皮带机；其中所述洒水设备包括用于对铣刨鼓冷却的铣刨鼓喷嘴和用于对皮带机清洗的皮带机喷嘴；所述水泵通过联轴器与液压马达连接。
  6. 一种基于权利要求1-4任一项所述的铣刨机洒水控制系统的控制方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    S1：实时采集所述铣刨机的工况信息数值；
    S2：根据所述工况数值计算出洒水量数值；
    S3：根据洒水量数值调整液压油流量。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的控制方法，其特征在于，步骤S1具体为实时采集所述铣刨机的左侧切削深度数值HL、所述铣刨机的右侧切削深度数值HR和所述铣刨机的行驶速度数值V。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的控制方法，其特征在于，步骤S2具体包括：
    S21：计算平均切削深度H：H＝0.5×(HL+HR)；
    S22：计算切削方量U：U＝V×H×W，其中W为铣刨鼓的宽度；
    S23：计算洒水量数值Q：Q＝K1×U，其中K1为常数，其为0.06至0.1中的任一值。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的控制方法，其特征在于，步骤S3具体为由可编程控制器根据洒水量数值Q实时控制对电磁开关阀的线圈电流及比例调速阀的线圈电流的大小以调整液压油流量。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的铣刨机洒水控制系统，其特征在于，还包括:
    步骤S211：判断当平均切削深度H小于一预设值时，保持洒水量数值Q为一恒定值，当平均切削深度大于或等于所述预设值时，执行步骤S22；
    其中，所述预设值为0.02至0.3中的任一值，所述恒定值为0.015至0.02中的任一值。
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